CN109564533B - A device and method for supporting execution of a boot process in an instant recovery process - Google Patents
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Abstract
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Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备和方法。此外，本发明还涉及一种相应设置的计算机程序产品和相应设置的计算机可读介质。The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for supporting the execution of a boot process performed in an instant recovery process. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a correspondingly arranged computer program product and a correspondingly arranged computer-readable medium.
背景技术Background technique
一般来说，数据恢复在操作系统故障、软件和/或硬件实体(例如存储设备)故障、意外损坏或数据删除等情况下(通常在单驱动、单分区以及单操作系统(operatingsystem，简称OS)的系统上)执行，在这种情况下，任务是恢复所有数据从而实现计算系统或设备的进一步操作。In general, data recovery occurs in the event of operating system failure, software and/or hardware entity (eg, storage device) failure, accidental damage, or data deletion (usually in a single drive, single partition, and single operating system (OS)) system), in which case the task is to restore all data to enable further operation of the computing system or device.
近年来，即时恢复变得越来越流行。即时恢复允许虚拟机(virtual machine，简称VM)的备份快照在VM或其上执行VM的计算系统或设备发生故障或灾难后通过利用次级或备份存储设备临时运行。即时恢复也可以称为就地恢复。在即时恢复进程中，用户的工作负载重定向至备份或者次级存储设备，同时恢复VM执行时所使用的主存储设备。然后通过利用存储在备份或次级存储设备的数据以及重定向的工作负载在备份设备(例如，服务器)上执行对应或者复制VM的备份VM。一旦即时恢复完成，工作负载重定向至初始VM。由于即时恢复是在后台或者离线进行，因此用户并不知道发生异常。因此，即时恢复允许用户继续使用其上运行VM的计算设备或系统，即使已经发生损坏并且需要即时恢复处理。运行或者执行的VM确保其上运行或执行VM的计算设备或系统的预期使用和操作。Instant recovery has become increasingly popular in recent years. Instant recovery allows backup snapshots of a virtual machine (VM) to run temporarily by utilizing secondary or backup storage devices after a failure or disaster of the VM or the computing system or device on which the VM is executed. Instant recovery can also be called in-place recovery. During the instant recovery process, the user's workload is redirected to a backup or secondary storage device, while the primary storage device used by the VM execution is restored. A backup VM that corresponds or replicates the VM is then executed on the backup device (eg, server) by utilizing the data stored on the backup or secondary storage device and the redirected workload. Once instant recovery is complete, the workload is redirected to the original VM. Because instant recovery is performed in the background or offline, the user is unaware that an exception has occurred. Thus, instant recovery allows the user to continue to use the computing device or system on which the VM is running, even if damage has occurred and instant recovery processing is required. The running or executing VM ensures the intended use and operation of the computing device or system on which the VM runs or executes.
在执行即时恢复时，不需要将用户直接连接到VM的备份副本，因为从用户开始在备份VM上工作起，备份就不再处于原始状态。相反，在即时恢复进程中创建VM的快照或图像，使得备份保持原始状态，并且用户的所有写操作都重定向至所述快照，因此用户能够脱离备份VM工作。针对存储的和/或对于执行VM所必需的从而对于操作其上运行或执行VM的计算系统或设备所必需的所有文件和数据，生成快照或图像，也就是说，所有存储的和/或对于执行所述VM所必需的文件和数据均存储在次级或备份存储设备中作为整个VM的快照或图像。创建快照之后，在后台或者离线开始即时恢复进程。计算设备或系统的用户完全意识不到即时恢复正在进行，一旦即时恢复完成，用户的工作负载重定向至初始VM。When performing instant recovery, there is no need to connect the user directly to the backup copy of the VM because the backup is no longer in the original state from the time the user starts working on the backup VM. Instead, a snapshot or image of the VM is created in the instant recovery process, so that the backup remains pristine and all user writes are redirected to the snapshot, so the user can work off the backup VM. Snapshots or images are generated for all files and data stored and/or necessary for the execution of the VM and thus necessary to operate the computing system or device on which the VM runs or executes, that is, all stored and/or The files and data necessary to execute the VM are stored in secondary or backup storage as a snapshot or image of the entire VM. After the snapshot is created, the instant recovery process starts in the background or offline. The user of the computing device or system is completely unaware that instant recovery is taking place, and once instant recovery is complete, the user's workload is redirected to the original VM.
通过即时恢复，可以通过直接从次级或者备份存储设备运行所述VM将所述VM恢复至用户的工作环境。由于不需要从备份或者次级存储设备中提取VM并将其复制到由运行VM的计算设备或系统使用的主存储设备中，因此几分钟就可以从任意恢复点(增量或全量)重启所述VM。所述VM的备份图像或快照(即备份VM)保持在只读状态，以避免被意外修改。With instant recovery, the VM can be restored to the user's work environment by running the VM directly from a secondary or backup storage device. Rebooting from any recovery point (incremental or full) takes just a few minutes, since the VM does not need to be fetched from backup or secondary storage and copied to the primary storage device used by the computing device or system running the VM described VM. The backup image or snapshot of the VM (ie, the backup VM) is kept in a read-only state to avoid accidental modification.
在执行即时恢复进程时，备份VM在后台或离线引导。执行引导进程，以将VM置于与备份VM的操作状态或者与备份图像/快照相对应的操作状态。为此，执行计算系统或设备的初始化，如果需要的话，执行所述系统或设备中运行的应用的初始化。特别地，引导进程包括识别硬件和/或软件组件、验证硬件和/或软件组件的可用性和功能，并且控制所述组件，从而使其准备用于引导进程之后在计算系统或设备上的VM的操作。引导进程还包括例如执行主引导记录(master boot record，简称MBR)、加载操作系统 (operating system，简称OS)内核、加载驱动器和/或开始执行服务/后台程序和/或应用。在执行引导进程之后，恢复的VM以及各计算系统或设备准备用于其预期用途。从开始引导进程到VM以及其上运行VM的各计算系统或设备的时间很重要。特别地，这个时间应该尽可能缩短，因为总是希望 VM以及各计算系统或设备尽快在启动之后准备用于其预期用途。During the instant recovery process, the backup VM is booted in the background or offline. A boot process is performed to put the VM into an operational state corresponding to the backup VM or an operational state corresponding to the backup image/snapshot. To this end, initialization of the computing system or device is performed and, if necessary, initialization of applications running in said system or device. In particular, the boot process includes identifying hardware and/or software components, verifying the availability and functionality of the hardware and/or software components, and controlling the components so that they are ready for use by a VM on a computing system or device after the boot process operate. The boot process also includes, for example, executing a master boot record (MBR), loading an operating system (OS) kernel, loading drivers, and/or starting to execute services/daemons and/or applications. After the boot process is performed, the recovered VM and each computing system or device are ready for their intended use. The time from the start of the boot process to the VM and the various computing systems or devices on which the VM runs is important. In particular, this time should be kept as short as possible, since it is always desirable that the VM and each computing system or device be ready for its intended use as soon as possible after booting.
在引导进程中，向备份或次级存储设备发送输入/输出(input/output，简称I/O)请求，以获得VM的进一步正确执行所需要的数据块，即将计算系统或设备置于能够实现VM的预期执行的状态从而实现计算系统或设备的合适操作的数据块。备份或次级存储设备的相应读取都是以非统一的方式和/ 或按需进行。相应I/O请求的单独发送之间留有部分时间。此外，I/O请求请求在备份或次级存储设备中随机分布的数据块，并且检测所请求的数据块需要时间。因此，接收对于执行引导进程所必需的请求数据需要时间。During the boot process, an input/output (I/O) request is sent to a backup or secondary storage device to obtain the data blocks needed for further correct execution of the VM, that is, to place the computing system or device in a place where the The state of the VM's intended execution thereby enabling the proper operation of the computing system or device. Corresponding reads from backup or secondary storage devices are performed in a non-uniform manner and/or on demand. A portion of the time is left between the individual sending of the corresponding I/O request. Furthermore, I/O requests request data blocks that are randomly distributed in backup or secondary storage devices, and it takes time to detect the requested data blocks. Therefore, it takes time to receive the request data necessary to execute the boot process.
引导进程的执行减慢且影响即时恢复进程。但是希望能够实现快速有效的即时恢复进程，从而能够实现恢复的VM的进一步正确操作，并且其上运行/执行恢复的VM的计算设备或系统的操作能够不受影响的继续运行。The execution of the boot process slows down and affects the instant recovery process. However, it is desirable to implement a fast and efficient instant recovery process, so that further correct operations of the recovered VM can be achieved, and operations of the computing device or system on which the recovered VM is running/executed can continue to run without being affected.
因此，需要支持快速有效地执行即时恢复进程特别是支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的其它方法。特别地，希望有种方法能够快速提供对于执行即时恢复进程中的引导进程所必需的数据块，从而在即时恢复之后将VM 以及其上运行/执行VM的各计算系统或设备置于准备用于其预期用途的状态。Therefore, there is a need for other methods to support the fast and efficient execution of the instant recovery process, especially the boot process performed in the instant recovery process. In particular, it would be desirable to have a method to quickly provide the data blocks necessary to perform the boot process in an instant recovery process, thereby placing the VM and the various computing systems or devices on which the VM is running/executing ready for use after instant recovery. the state of its intended use.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供能够改善即时恢复进程的执行，特别是能够改善所述即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的方法和设备。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device that can improve the execution of the instant recovery process, especially the boot process executed in the instant recovery process.
本发明提供用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行并且至少克服上述缺点的方法和设备。特别地，提供所述方法和设备使得提供执行所述引导进程所必需的数据块可以加速。通过这种方式，所述引导进程进而所述即时恢复进程的执行得以加速。因此，实现了将立即恢复的VM以及各计算系统或设备更快地置于所述VM以及其上执行所述VM的各计算系统或设备准备用于预期用途的状态。The present invention provides a method and apparatus for supporting the execution of a boot process performed in an instant recovery process and which overcomes at least the above-mentioned disadvantages. In particular, the method and apparatus are provided such that the provision of data blocks necessary to perform the boot process can be accelerated. In this way, the execution of the boot process and thus the instant recovery process is accelerated. Thus, it is achieved that the VM and each computing system or device that is immediately restored is brought into a state that the VM and each computing system or device on which the VM is executing are ready for the intended use more quickly.
特别地，如权利要求所描述以及本文结合附图所描述的本发明一方面基于备份进程中备份的数据执行备份进程，以生成测试引导进程中请求的数据块集，其中所述测试引导进程是在所述备份进程中另外执行。另一方面，在通过利用所述备份进程中备份的数据恢复VM的即时恢复进程中，所述数据块集用于执行所述即时恢复进程的引导进程。特别地，所述数据块集用于预取所述集合的数据块。这样可以实现快速有效地执行即时恢复进程的引导进程。此外，本发明还确保在即时恢复进程执行之后将VM以及其上运行/执行VM的各计算系统或设备快速轻松地置于准备用于其预期用途的状态。In particular, one aspect of the invention as described in the claims and described herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings executes a backup process based on the data backed up in the backup process to generate the set of data blocks requested in the test boot process, wherein the test boot process is It is additionally performed in the backup process. On the other hand, in the instant recovery process of restoring the VM by using the data backed up in the backup process, the data block set is used to execute a bootstrap process of the instant recovery process. In particular, the set of data blocks is used to prefetch the data blocks of the set. This enables a boot process that performs the instant recovery process quickly and efficiently. In addition, the present invention also ensures that the VM and each computing system or device on which the VM is running/executing is quickly and easily put into a state ready for its intended use after the instant resume process is executed.
本发明的目标通过所附独立权利要求中提供的方案实现。本发明有利的实现方案在各自的从属权利要求中进一步定义。The objects of the invention are achieved by the solutions presented in the attached independent claims. Advantageous implementations of the invention are further defined in the respective dependent claims.
根据第一方面，提供一种用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备，其中所述即时恢复进程用于立即恢复备份进程中备份的数据，并且所述设备包括至少一个以下单元：备份进程执行单元，其中所述备份进程执行单元用于通过利用所述备份进程中备份的数据执行测试引导进程，并且在所述测试引导进程中生成请求的数据块集，其中所请求的数据块集的每个条目包括在所述测试引导进程中从存储设备请求的数据块的信息；即时恢复进程执行单元，其中所述即时恢复进程执行单元用于通过针对所请求的数据块集的每个条目从所述存储设备中预取数据块在所述即时恢复进程中执行所述引导进程，所请求的数据块集的条目包括所述数据块的信息。According to a first aspect, there is provided an apparatus for supporting the execution of a boot process performed in an instant recovery process, wherein the instant recovery process is used to immediately restore data backed up in a backup process, and the apparatus includes at least one of the following units : a backup process execution unit, wherein the backup process execution unit is configured to execute a test boot process by utilizing the data backed up in the backup process, and generate a requested data block set in the test boot process, wherein the requested data Each entry of a block set includes information on a data block requested from a storage device in the test boot process; an instant recovery process execution unit, wherein the instant recovery process execution unit is configured to pass each entry for the requested data block set. Entries are prefetched from the storage device to perform the bootstrap process in the instant recovery process, and the entry of the requested set of data blocks includes information of the data blocks.
所述备份进程包括上文提到的生成VM的快照至存储设备。所述存储设备是上述备份或者次级存储设备等。下文中会经常使用术语“存储设备”，尽管所述存储设备包括上述背景技术部分提到的备份或次级存储设备。因此在所述备份进程中生成备份VM，其中所述备份VM的数据存储在存储设备中，所述备份VM是所述VM的图像/快照。针对其上运行/执行VM的各计算设备或系统上存储的和/或对于执行各计算设备或系统上VM所必需的从而对于操作各计算系统或者设备所必需的所有文件和数据，生成快照/图像，也就是说，所有存储的文件和数据和/或对于执行所述VM所必需的所有文件和数据均存储在存储设备(例如次级或者备份存储设备)中作为整个 VM的快照。一般来说，关于即时恢复进程，所述数据以及所述VM的备份和往常一样执行。The backup process includes the above-mentioned snapshot of the VM to the storage device. The storage device is the above-mentioned backup or secondary storage device or the like. Hereinafter, the term "storage device" will often be used, although the storage device includes the backup or secondary storage devices mentioned in the background section above. A backup VM is thus generated in the backup process, wherein the data of the backup VM is stored in a storage device, and the backup VM is an image/snapshot of the VM. Snapshots/ are generated for all files and data stored on each computing device or system on which the VM is running/executing and/or necessary for executing the VM on each computing device or system and thus necessary to operate each computing system or device Images, that is, all stored files and data and/or all files and data necessary to execute the VM, are stored in a storage device (eg, secondary or backup storage) as a snapshot of the entire VM. In general, the backup of the data and the VM is performed as usual with respect to the instant recovery process.
所述VM代表由各计算系统或设备运行或执行并且确保各计算系统或设备的正确操作的软件。The VM represents software that is run or executed by each computing system or device and ensures the correct operation of each computing system or device.
术语“预取”具有一般含义，指的是将存储设备或存储器的内容加载或存储到更高层级的存储设备或存储器中，其中所述更高层级的存储设备或存储器允许更快的存取速度。换句话说，将数据块加载或存储到能够更快存取数据块的其它存储器中。根据一个实施例，所述其它存储器是高速缓存器等。根据本发明，由于所述预取是在即时恢复进程中特别是在即时恢复进程的引导进程中执行，因此预取的数据块都是备份的数据块。即所述数据块都是从备份的数据中收集或检索。The term "prefetch" has a general meaning and refers to loading or storing the contents of a storage device or memory into a higher level storage device or memory that allows faster access speed. In other words, the data block is loaded or stored into other memory that can access the data block faster. According to one embodiment, the other memory is a cache or the like. According to the present invention, since the prefetching is performed in the instant recovery process, especially in the booting process of the instant recovery process, the prefetched data blocks are all backed up data blocks. That is, the data blocks are all collected or retrieved from the backed up data.
通过利用所述设备，可以加快所述即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程以及所述即时恢复进程本身的执行。此外，其上执行待恢复VM的计算系统或设备可以更加快速有效地进入正常运行状态。By utilizing the device, the boot process performed in the instant recovery process and the execution of the instant recovery process itself can be accelerated. In addition, the computing system or device on which the VM to be restored is executed can be brought into a normal operating state more quickly and efficiently.
根据第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，在所述测试引导进程中从所述存储设备中请求的所述数据块的信息包括所述存储设备中数据块的地址和所述数据块的大小。这样所请求的数据块集保持较小。这使得所请求的数据块集更快处理。因此，所请求的数据块集的处理不影响所述引导进程和/ 或对应的即时恢复进程的性能。According to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the information of the data block requested from the storage device in the test boot process includes the address of the data block in the storage device and the data block size. This way the set of requested data blocks remains small. This enables faster processing of the requested set of data blocks. Therefore, the processing of the requested set of data blocks does not affect the performance of the bootstrap process and/or the corresponding instant recovery process.
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一种实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述即时恢复进程执行单元用于通过利用所请求的数据块集中的各条目信息从所述存储设备中检索所述数据块，并且将所述数据块存储到其它存储设备来执行所述预取，其中所述其它存储设备允许比所述存储设备更快存取所述数据块。因此，所述引导进程能够实现对执行所述引导进程所需的所有或至少几乎所有数据块的快速存取。According to the first aspect or the first implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the instant recovery process execution unit is configured to retrieve the data from the storage by using each entry information in the requested data block set The data block is retrieved from the device, and the data block is stored to another storage device that allows faster access to the data block than the storage device to perform the prefetching. Thus, the bootstrap process enables fast access to all or at least nearly all data blocks required to execute the bootstrap process.
根据第一方面或第一方面的上述任一种实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述备份进程执行单元用于离线和/或后台执行所述测试引导进程。因此可以继续所述VM以及其上执行所述VM的计算系统或设备的常规操作。所述测试引导进程不影响所述常规操作。According to the first aspect or any of the foregoing implementation manners of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the backup process execution unit is configured to execute the test boot process offline and/or in the background. Thus, normal operation of the VM and the computing system or device on which the VM is executed can continue. The test boot process does not affect the normal operation.
根据第一方面或第一方面的上述任一种实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述备份进程执行单元用于在所述测试引导进程中监测用于从所述存储设备中请求数据块的数据块请求。所述监测能够实现对所述即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行所需的所有或至少几乎所有数据块的检测。因此，由所述备份进程执行单元生成精确设置或请求的数据块，从而确保提供实际上引导进程所需的数据块的精度。According to the first aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the backup process execution unit is configured to monitor, during the test boot process, the data for the backup process to be retrieved from the storage device. A data block request that requests a data block. The monitoring enables detection of all or at least nearly all data blocks required for the execution of the bootstrap process executed in the instant recovery process. Thus, the precisely set or requested data blocks are generated by the backup process execution unit, thereby ensuring the accuracy of providing the data blocks actually required for the boot process.
根据第一方面或第一方面的上述任一种实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，所述备份进程执行单元用于在所述测试引导进程中采集在所述测试引导进程中从所述存储设备请求的数据块的信息。这样可以确保采集到执行引导进程所需的所有数据块的信息。因此，改善了提供实际上即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程所需的数据块的精度。According to the first aspect or any one of the foregoing implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, the backup process execution unit is configured to collect, in the test boot process, the data obtained from the test boot process Information about the data block requested by the storage device. This ensures that all data blocks required to execute the boot process are collected. Therefore, the accuracy of providing the data blocks required by the boot process executed in the actual instant recovery process is improved.
根据第一方面或第一方面的上述任一种实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，所述备份进程执行单元用于指示将所请求的数据块集存入所述存储设备中作为所述备份进程中备份的数据的一部分。因此，得以执行统一且一致的备份进程，这能够实现在执行对应的即时恢复进程时快速检索所请求的数据块集。不需要进一步识别用于细化各请求的数据块集的存储地址，这使得各即时恢复进程特别是即时恢复进程的引导进程的执行得以加快。According to the first aspect or any of the foregoing implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the backup process execution unit is configured to instruct to store the requested data block set in the storage device as a A portion of the data backed up in the backup process. Thus, a uniform and consistent backup process is performed, which enables fast retrieval of the requested set of data blocks when a corresponding instant recovery process is performed. There is no need to further identify the storage addresses for refining each requested set of data blocks, which enables faster execution of each instant recovery process, especially the bootstrap process of the instant recovery process.
根据第一方面或第一方面的上述任一种实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述即时恢复进程执行单元用于在所述引导进程中从所述存储设备检索所请求的数据块集。According to the first aspect or any one of the foregoing implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the instant recovery process execution unit is configured to retrieve the requested data from the storage device during the boot process Data block set.
根据第二方面，提供一种用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的方法，其中所述即时恢复进程用于立即恢复备份进程中备份的数据，并且所述方法包括至少一个以下步骤：通过利用所述备份进程中备份的数据执行测试引导进程，并且在所述测试引导进程中生成请求的数据块集，其中所请求的数据块集的每个条目包括在所述测试引导进程中从存储设备请求的数据块的信息；通过针对所请求的数据块集的每个条目从所述存储设备中预取数据块在所述即时恢复进程中执行所述引导进程，其中所请求的数据块集的条目包括所述数据块的信息。一般来说，所述方法的步骤对应于由用于支持恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备执行的步骤或活动，如上文介绍并且如下文详细描述。根据所述方法，可以实现本文所描述的效果。According to a second aspect, there is provided a method for supporting execution of a bootstrap process performed in an instant recovery process, wherein the instant recovery process is used to immediately restore data backed up in a backup process, and the method includes at least one of the following steps : execute a test boot process by utilizing the data backed up in the backup process, and generate a requested data block set in the test boot process, wherein each entry of the requested data block set is included in the test boot process Information about data blocks requested from a storage device; executing the bootstrap process in the instant recovery process by prefetching data blocks from the storage device for each entry of the requested data block set, wherein the requested data The entry of the chunk set includes the information of the data chunk. In general, the steps of the method correspond to steps or activities performed by an apparatus for supporting the execution of a boot process performed in a recovery process, as introduced above and described in detail below. According to the method, the effects described herein can be achieved.
根据第三方面，本发明涉及一种包括计算机可读程序代码的计算机程序产品，其中所述计算机可读程序代码用于使计算设备执行上文介绍的并且在下文详细解释的方法的步骤。According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to a computer program product comprising computer readable program code for causing a computing device to perform the steps of the method presented above and explained in detail below.
根据第四方面，本发明涉及一种用于在其中存储计算机程序产品的计算机可读记录介质。According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a computer-readable recording medium for storing therein a computer program product.
附图说明Description of drawings
结合所附附图，下面具体实施例的描述将阐述上述本发明的各方面及其实现方式，其中：In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the following description of specific embodiments will illustrate various aspects of the present invention described above and implementations thereof, wherein:
图1a和图1b示出本发明实施例提供的用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备的示例性设置。FIGS. 1 a and 1 b illustrate exemplary settings of a device for supporting the execution of a boot process performed in an instant recovery process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图2示出本发明实施例提供的用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的方法的步骤。FIG. 2 shows steps of a method for supporting execution of a boot process executed in an instant recovery process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图3示出本发明实施例提供的请求的数据块集的设置。FIG. 3 shows the setting of the requested data block set provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
图4示出本发明实施例提供的请求的数据块集的条目的示例性设置。FIG. 4 shows an exemplary setting of an entry of a requested data block set provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图5示出本发明实施例提供的测试引导进程执行步骤的子步骤的流程图。FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of sub-steps of the execution step of the test boot process provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
图6示出本发明实施例提供的用于在即时恢复进程中执行引导进程的步骤中执行的子步骤的流程图。FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of sub-steps executed in the step for executing a boot process in an instant recovery process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
通常需要注意的是本申请中描述的所有设置、设备、模块、组件、模型、元件、单元、实体以及方法等都可以由软件或硬件元件或其任意组合实现。由本申请中描述的各种实体执行的所有步骤以及描述为由各种实体执行的功能旨在表示不同的实体用于执行不同的步骤和功能。虽然在以下具体实施例的描述中，由通用实体执行的特定功能或步骤没有在执行特定步骤或功能的实体的具体元件的描述中反映，但是技术人员应该清楚的是这些方法和功能可以在各自的硬件或软件元件或其任意组合中实现。此外，本发明的方法及其各个步骤在各个描述的装置元件的功能中体现。此外，除非有明确排除的组合，本文所描述的任意实施例以及任意实施例的特征都可以互相组合。It is generally noted that all arrangements, devices, modules, components, models, elements, units, entities and methods, etc. described in this application can be implemented by software or hardware elements or any combination thereof. All steps performed by various entities described in this application, and functions described as being performed by various entities, are intended to mean that different entities are used to perform different steps and functions. Although in the following description of specific embodiments, specific functions or steps performed by generic entities are not reflected in the description of specific elements of the entity performing the specific steps or functions, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that these methods and functions may be implemented in their respective implemented in hardware or software elements or any combination thereof. Furthermore, the method of the present invention and its various steps are embodied in the function of the variously described apparatus elements. Furthermore, any of the embodiments described herein, as well as features of any of the embodiments, may be combined with each other unless there is an expressly excluded combination.
图1a和图1b示出本发明实施例提供的用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备110、120以及130的示例性设置。根据图1a所示的实施例，所述设备110包括备份进程执行单元111和即时恢复进程执行单元 112。如上所述，所述备份进程执行单元111用于通过利用备份进程中备份的数据(数据备份除外)执行测试引导进程，并且在所述测试引导进程中生成请求的数据块集，其中所请求的数据块集的每个条目包括在所述测试引导进程中从存储设备请求的数据块的信息。因此，针对备份VM执行所述测试引导进程。在所述测试引导进程中请求的数据块都是备份的数据块。根据一个实施例，此处的存储设备是存储有所述备份进程中备份的数据的存储设备，即上文提到的次级或者备份存储设备。其次所述即时恢复进程执行单元 112用于通过针对所请求的数据块集的每个条目从所述存储设备中预取数据块在即时恢复进程中执行引导进程，其中所请求的数据块集的条目包括所述数据块的信息。由于所请求的数据块集已经在备份进程中特别是在备份进程中的测试引导进程中生成，因此执行预取的数据块都是备份的数据块。FIGS. 1 a and 1 b illustrate exemplary settings of
因此，所述备份进程执行单元111和所述即时恢复进程执行单元112两个组件后续都变得活跃。首先，由所述备份进程执行单元111执行具有测试引导进程的备份进程。随后，在所述备份进程完成并且所述备份进程执行单元111活动之后，所述即时恢复进程执行单元112通过利用由所述备份进程执行单元111生成的所请求的数据块集在各即时恢复进程中执行引导进程。Therefore, both components of the backup
此外，两个组件分别离线或者后台运行。因此，这两个组件并不影响 VM的常规操作，其中所述VM的数据已经在备份进程中备份，即已经生成备份VM。因此，其上执行所述VM的计算系统或者设备的操作也不会受到所述即时恢复进程的引导进程的执行的影响。In addition, the two components run offline or in the background, respectively. Therefore, these two components do not affect the normal operation of the VM whose data has been backed up in the backup process, ie the backup VM has been generated. Therefore, the operation of the computing system or device on which the VM is executed is also unaffected by the execution of the boot process of the instant recovery process.
用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的所述设备110、120 以及130的所述备份进程执行单元111和所述即时恢复进程执行单元112可以根据本发明以不同的方式设置。根据图1a所示的实施例，所述备份进程执行单元111和所述即时恢复进程执行单元112都包含在用于支持即时恢复进程的引导进程的执行的设备110中。根据图1b所示的实施例，所述备份进程执行单元111和所述即时恢复进程执行单元112都是两个单独的用于支持即时恢复进程的引导进程的执行的设备120和130的一部分。所述备份进程执行单元111位于第一设备120中，所述即时恢复进程执行单元112位于第二设备130中，其中第一设备120和第二设备130均用于支持同一即时恢复进程的同一引导进程的执行。The backup
图2示出本发明实施例提供的用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的方法的常规步骤。根据本实施例，在步骤201中，通过利用备份进程中备份的数据执行测试引导进程，并且在所述测试引导进程中生成请求的数据块集，其中所请求的数据块集的每个条目包括在所述测试引导进程中从存储设备请求的数据块的信息。除所述备份进程之外还执行所述测试引导进程。根据一个实施例，所述测试引导进程是作为单独的进程在所述备份进程之后执行。根据另一个实施例，所述测试引导进程是在数据备份后在所述备份进程中执行。为准备执行即时恢复进程执行所述备份进程。也就是说，在所述备份进程中，生成VM的快照或图像并且存储在上述存储设备中等。特别地，关于即时恢复进程，所述VM的快照或者图像的生成和往常一样执行。所述存储设备是备份或者次级存储设备等。针对其上运行/执行VM的计算设备或系统上存储的和/或对于执行计算设备或系统上VM所必需的从而对于操作各计算系统或者设备所必需的所有文件和数据，生成VM的快照 /图像，也就是说，所有存储的文件和数据和/或对于执行所述VM所必需的所有文件和数据均存储在存储设备中作为整个VM的快照或图像，即作为备份VM(如上所述)。FIG. 2 shows conventional steps of a method for supporting execution of a boot process executed in an instant recovery process provided by an embodiment of the present invention. According to the present embodiment, in
由于所述测试引导进程是所述备份进程的一部分，因此，所述测试引导进程也是离线或者后台执行。因此，所述测试引导进程的执行并不影响VM 的常规操作，其中所述VM的数据已经在备份进程中备份，即已经生成备份 VM。因此，其上执行所述VM的计算系统或者设备的操作也不会受到所述即时恢复进程的引导进程的执行的影响。Since the test boot process is a part of the backup process, the test boot process is also executed offline or in the background. Therefore, the execution of the test boot process does not affect the normal operation of the VM, wherein the data of the VM has been backed up in the backup process, that is, the backup VM has been generated. Therefore, the operation of the computing system or device on which the VM is executed is also unaffected by the execution of the boot process of the instant recovery process.
根据一个实施例，由用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备110和120执行步骤201。例如，步骤201是由所述备份进程执行单元 111执行。因此，当所述设备110和120或者所述备份进程执行单元111执行(201)所述测试引导进程时，所述设备110和120或者所述备份进程执行单元111对应离线或者后台执行(201)所述测试引导进程。According to one embodiment,
步骤202是在对上述备份进程中备份的数据进行恢复的即时恢复进程中执行。在步骤202中，在即时恢复进程中执行引导进程，其中所述引导进程是通过针对所请求的数据块集的每个条目从所述存储设备中预取数据块执行，所请求的数据块集的条目包括所述数据块的信息。如上所述，所述存储设备是备份或者次级存储设备等。预取的数据块都是备份数据块。根据一个实施例，由用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备110和130执行步骤202。例如，步骤202是由所述即时恢复进程执行单元112执行。Step 202 is executed in the instant recovery process of restoring the data backed up in the above-mentioned backup process. In
步骤201和步骤202都是独立进行。但是，步骤201是在步骤202之前执行，步骤202是在步骤201执行结束之后执行，因为步骤202要利用步骤 201中生成的所请求的数据块集。Both
图3示出本发明实施例提供的所请求的数据块集311的设置。根据本实施例，所请求的数据块集311是存储在存储设备301中。所述存储设备301 是上述备份或者次级存储设备等。所述存储设备301可以是一个组件或者可以代表多个存储设备301。因此，所请求的数据块集311可以存储在一个相干存储设备301中或者存储在多个(即至少两个)不同的存储单元301中。FIG. 3 shows the setting of the requested data block set 311 provided by the embodiment of the present invention. According to this embodiment, the requested data block set 311 is stored in the
在步骤201中(由所述设备110、120以及130特别是由所述备份进程执行单元111)生成的所请求的数据块集311包括多个条目(即至少一个条目)311-1、311-2、……、311-n。图3中示出n个条目，其中n≥1。每个条目311-1、311-2、……、311-n指示一条生成所请求的数据块集311的测试引导进程中执行的数据块请求，例如I/O请求。特别地，每个条目311-1、311-2、……、311-n指示在所述测试引导进程中从存储设备(例如存储设备 301)中请求的数据块。监测所述测试引导进程特别是所述数据块请求的执行。每次请求数据块时，生成所请求的数据块集311的对应的新条目311- 1、311-2、……、311-n，并将其添加至所述集合311。The requested data block set 311 generated in step 201 (by the
根据本实施例，所请求的数据块集311与所述备份进程中备份的数据一起存储。因此，所述存储设备301也包括即也存储有备份的数据。备份的数据包括已经执行备份的VM即本文所描述的备份VM的快照或图像。According to this embodiment, the requested data block set 311 is stored together with the data backed up in the backup process. Therefore, the
图4示出所请求的数据块集311的条目311-i的示例性设置，其中1≦i ≦n。根据本实施例，所述条目311-i包括在所述测试引导进程中从所述存储设备中请求的数据块的信息。根据本实施例，所述信息包括所述存储设备中所请求的数据块的地址401和所述数据块的大小402。这样就不需要将整个数据块存储在所请求的数据块集311特别是各条目311-i中，从而节省了存储空间。此外，可以快速存取所请求的数据块集311，不需要浪费处理时间，因而不影响所述测试引导进程的执行。FIG. 4 shows an exemplary arrangement of entries 311-i of the requested data block set 311, where 1≦i≦n. According to this embodiment, the entry 311-i includes information on data blocks requested from the storage device during the test boot process. According to this embodiment, the information includes the
这里需要说明的是，根据至少一个其他实施例，在当前引导进程中从所述存储设备请求的数据块的其他信息也会存储在所请求的数据块集311的条目311-i中。图4的实施例是所请求的数据块集311的条目311-i的示例。一般来说，设置条目311-i从而实现对所述存储设备中各数据块的识别。It should be noted here that, according to at least one other embodiment, other information of the data block requested from the storage device in the current boot process is also stored in the entry 311 - i of the requested data block set 311 . The embodiment of FIG. 4 is an example of an entry 311 - i of the requested data chunk set 311 . Generally speaking, the entry 311-i is set so as to realize the identification of each data block in the storage device.
图5示出本发明实施例提供的所述测试引导进程执行步骤201的子步骤的流程图。所述子步骤由用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备110和120执行。特别地，所述子步骤由所述备份进程执行单元111等执行。此外，所述子步骤是在所述测试引导进程中执行。所述测试引导进程又是引导进程的一部分。FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the sub-steps of
在步骤501中，监测所述测试引导进程中执行的数据块请求(例如I/O 请求)。这样就可以确定恢复引导数据的即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程所需的数据块。通过监测和检测对存储对应数据块的存储设备的存取执行监测。由于所述测试引导进程是所述备份进程的一部分，因此监测的数据块请求包括对所述备份进程中备份的数据块的请求。所述存储设备是上述图3中的存储设备301等。In
对应的数据块包括例如：识别计算系统或设备的硬件和/或软件组件所需的数据，其中将所述计算系统或设备的VM备份并且后续可以由即时恢复进程恢复；验证所述硬件和/或软件组件的可用性和/或功能所需的数据；控制所述硬件和/或软件组件使其在引导进程后准备运行所需的数据；VM和/ 或对应的计算系统或设备的初始化和/或操作所需的数据；VM和/或对应的计算系统或设备中执行的应用的初始化和/或操作所需的数据；执行会在对应的即时恢复进程中被引导的MBR所需的数据；加载OS内核所需的数据；加载驱动程序所需的数据；启动服务/后台程序和/或应用程序的执行所需的数据；和/或即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程中所需的任意其他数据。Corresponding data blocks include, for example: data required to identify hardware and/or software components of a computing system or device whose VM is backed up and can subsequently be restored by an instant recovery process; verifying the hardware and/or or data required for the availability and/or functionality of software components; data required to control said hardware and/or software components so that they are ready for operation after a boot process; initialization and/or initialization of VMs and/or corresponding computing systems or devices or data required for operation; data required for initialization and/or operation of the application executed in the VM and/or the corresponding computing system or device; data required for the execution of the MBR that will be booted in the corresponding instant recovery process; Data needed to load the OS kernel; data needed to load drivers; data needed to start the execution of services/daemons and/or applications; and/or any other needed in the boot process executed in the instant recovery process data.
在步骤502中，采集在所述测试引导进程中从所述存储设备请求的数据块的信息401和402。为此，一旦监测或检测到501数据块的请求(例如， I/O请求)，就检测数据块信息401和402。如上文关于图3和图4的描述，信息401和402包括所述存储设备(例如，存储设备301)中的数据块的地址401和所述数据块的大小402。In
在步骤503中，将所请求的数据块集311存储在所述存储设备中(例如，存储设备301)。特别地，针对步骤502中采集的数据块信息401和402 生成所请求的数据块集311的条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n。然后将对应的数据块信息401和402存储在生成的条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及 311-n中。In
针对步骤501中监测或检测到的每个数据块执行上述步骤502和503。在所述测试引导进程执行步骤201执行结束时，即在包括测试引导进程的备份进程结束时，所请求的数据块集311包括步骤501中监测到且在所述测试引导进程中请求的所有数据块的信息。The
图6示出本发明实施例提供的用于在即时恢复进程中执行引导进程的步骤202中执行的子步骤的流程图。所述子步骤由用于支持所述即时恢复进程的所述引导进程的执行的设备110和130执行。特别地，所述子步骤由所述恢复进程执行单元112执行。此外，所述子步骤是在所述引导进程中执行。所述引导进程又是所述即时恢复进程的一部分。FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of sub-steps executed in
在步骤601中，从存储设备中检索所请求的数据块集311。所述存储设备是次级或者备份存储设备。例如，所述存储设备是图3所示的存储设备 301。如果在备份进程的测试引导进程中如上所述已经生成(201)所请求的数据块集311，则可以从所述存储设备301中检索所请求的数据块集311。如果在备份进程特别是所述备份进程的测试引导进程中没有生成(201)所请求的数据块集311，则不可能执行预取步骤202，并且预取步骤202结束。但是如果在测试引导进程中生成(201)所请求的数据块集311，则从所述存储设备301中检索之前生成的所请求的数据块集311。In
在步骤601中，根据一个实施例，从所述数据块集311的预订条目311- 1、311-2、311-i以及311-n例如从所请求的数据块集311的第一条目311-1 开始对所请求的数据块集311进行存取。In
在步骤602中，访问条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n。特别地，从所述条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n中获得存储在所述条目311-1、311- 2、311-i以及311-n中的数据块信息401和402。In
在步骤603中，通过利用所述信息401和402从所述存储设备(例如，存储设备301)检索对应的数据块。例如，如果所述信息401和402包括所述存储设备中数据块的地址401和所述数据块的长度402，则通过访问所述地址401处的存储设备并读取从所述地址401开始并具有长度402的数据块来检索对应的数据块。检索到的数据块是在执行各测试引导进程的所述备份进程中已经备份的数据块。因此针对所述备份进程中已经备份的数据块执行步骤603。In
在步骤604中，将检索到的数据块存储到其它存储设备(例如，高速缓存器)中，这允许比在步骤603中已经检索到数据块的存储设备更快存取所述数据块。因此，在步骤604中执行所述数据块的预取。In
在步骤605中，验证是否已经获得(602)且存取(603)所请求的数据块集311的所有条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n，以及是否将所有各自的数据块存储(604)在其它存储设备(例如，高速缓存器)中。如果所请求的数据块集311包括未考虑到的条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n，即在之前步骤602至604中未处理的条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n，则所述即时恢复进程的所述引导进程202的执行继续步骤602的新一轮执行，从而考虑到所请求的数据块集311的其它条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311- n。In
如果已经考虑所请求的数据块集311的所有条目311-1、311-2、311-i以及311-n，则在步骤606终止或结束所述即时恢复进程的所述引导进程202 的执行。If all entries 311-1, 311-2, 311-i, and 311-n of the requested data block set 311 have been considered, then at
这里需要说明的是，如果存储(604)数据块的其它存储设备(例如，高速缓存器)存满，则步骤602至605的执行可以中断一段时间。在存储 (604)于其它存储设备中的一个或多个数据块的使用已经在所述引导进程中完成之后，继续执行步骤602至605。这里已经存储(604)于其它存储设备中并且在引导进程中完成使用的所述一个或多个数据块被认为不需要进一步执行所述引导进程。因此从其它存储设备中删除所述一个或多个数据块，并且继续执行子步骤602至605直到所有条目均已考虑。可以在确定其它存储设备(例如，高速缓存器)已满的任何时间执行上述中断。随着子步骤 602至605的每一次重新执行，利用通过进一步执行子步骤602至605识别的新数据块代替之前已经存储(604)于其它存储设备中并且在所述引导进程中已经完成处理的数据块。It should be noted here that if other storage devices (eg, caches) that store (604) the data blocks are full, the execution of
本发明可以在利用可以执行备份和对应的即时恢复进程的VM的若干技术领域中实现。所述VM可以在不同的计算系统或设备上执行，例如移动计算系统或设备(例如，移动电话、智能手机、车载设备、笔记本电脑等)或者固定计算系统或设备(例如，设施、传感器、执行器等)。The present invention can be implemented in several technical fields utilizing VMs that can perform backup and corresponding instant recovery processes. The VM may execute on different computing systems or devices, such as mobile computing systems or devices (eg, mobile phones, smartphones, in-vehicle devices, laptops, etc.) or fixed computing systems or devices (eg, facilities, sensors, execution device, etc.).
此外，本发明可以在不同环境下实现。除了具有物理设备或装置的常见计算机辅助环境之外，本发明也可以在虚拟或者云环境中实现。因此，根据本发明，可以备份并且即时恢复虚拟系统和通过云操作的系统。Furthermore, the present invention may be implemented in various environments. In addition to the usual computer-aided environments with physical devices or devices, the present invention may also be implemented in virtual or cloud environments. Therefore, according to the present invention, virtual systems and systems operated through the cloud can be backed up and instantly restored.
用于支持恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备110、120以及130 可以以不同的方式设置。根据一个实施例，所述设备110、120以及130是其上执行VM的计算系统或设备的一部分，而根据另一个实施例，所述设备 110、120以及130是在所述计算系统或设备的外部设备。根据一个实施例，所述设备110、120以及130是包括外壳的装置，而根据另一个实施例，所述设备110、120以及130是包括多个(至少两个)互连实体、单元和/或设备的系统或设置。根据一个实施例，所述设备110、120以及130是存储设备，其中根据另一个实施例，所述设备110、120以及130是在备份进程中存储备份的数据和请求的数据块集的存储设备。根据一个实施例，所述设备 110、120以及130是具有虚拟机(virtual machine，简称VM)盘的存储设备。根据另一个实施例，所述设备110、120以及130是虚拟机监视器，即创建和运行虚拟机的硬件和/或软件设备或服务器。一般来说，所述设备 110、120以及130可以是任意计算设备，其中术语“设备”包括具有如上所述的外壳、系统或设置的装置。The
预取数据块的其它存储设备(例如，高速缓存器)通常是允许比存储数据块并且在引导进程中从中请求数据块的存储设备更快存取存储数据的存储设备。Other storage devices (eg, caches) that prefetch data blocks are typically storage devices that allow faster access to stored data than the storage device that stored the data blocks and from which they were requested in the boot process.
鉴于以上描述，应该清楚本发明可以有不同的设置。本发明允许模块化实现。因此上述实施例可以相互组合。In view of the above description, it should be clear that the present invention may be arranged differently. The present invention allows for a modular implementation. The above-described embodiments can thus be combined with each other.
本发明涉及一种用于支持即时恢复进程中执行的引导进程的执行的设备和方法，其中所述即时恢复进程用于立即恢复在备份进程中备份的数据。所述设备的备份进程执行单元通过利用所述备份进程中备份的数据执行测试引导进程，并且在所述测试引导进程中生成请求的数据块集，其中所请求的数据块集的每个条目包括所述测试引导进程中从存储设备请求的数据块的信息。所述设备的即时恢复进程执行单元通过针对所请求的数据块集的每个条目从所述存储设备中预取数据块在所述即时恢复进程中执行所述引导进程，其中所请求的数据块集的条目包括所述数据块的信息。The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for supporting the execution of a bootstrap process performed in an instant recovery process for immediately restoring data backed up in a backup process. A backup process execution unit of the device executes a test boot process by utilizing the data backed up in the backup process, and generates a requested data chunk set in the test boot process, wherein each entry of the requested data chunk set includes Information about data blocks requested from the storage device during the test boot process. The instant recovery process execution unit of the device executes the bootstrap process in the instant recovery process by prefetching data blocks from the storage device for each entry of the requested data block set, wherein the requested data block The entry of the set includes the information of the data block.
本文已结合各种实施例对本发明进行了描述。但本领域技术人员通过实践本发明，研究附图、本发明以及所附的权利要求，能够理解并获得公开实施例的其他变体。在权利要求书中，词语“包括”不排除其它元素或步骤，不定冠词“一”不排除多个。在仅凭某些措施被记载在相互不同的从属权利要求书中这个单纯的事实并不意味着这些措施的结合不能被有效地使用。The invention has been described herein in connection with various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art can understand and obtain other variations to the disclosed embodiments by practicing the invention, and by studying the drawings, this disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
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