A kind of double frequency dipulse endovenous laser stone crusherTechnical field
The present invention relates to laser technology fields, and in particular to a kind of double frequency dipulse endovenous laser stone crusher.
Background technique
With the continuous development of laser technology and endoscopic technique, endovenous laser lithotrity, which has become most, to be had prospect, answersWith one of most commonly used digestion, biliary tract and urinary system lithotripsy in treatment method.Most commonly used Ho.YAG laser lithotripsy machine hair at presentPulse type laser is penetrated, the Bladder stone wavelength of generation is 2140nm, and energy is conducted by soft fiber, makes optical fiber connector and calculus surfacesWater gasified, form micro-bubble, after bubbles burst, energy reached into calculus, calculus is made to gasify and rupture.Ho.YAG laser lithotripsyAlthough machine has the advantages that calculifragous efficiency is high, its Bladder stone pulse tissue penetration depths emitted is about 0.5mm, rightSurrounding tissue has thermal damage's effect, and the ability with soft tissue vaporization cutting can cause ureter, renal plevis mucosa injury, perforationWith it is narrow, be easy to cause serious complication, at present clinically it has been reported that Bladder stone causes renal function of patients damage, urine outputThe case of pipe perforation and postoperative infection.Therefore, the safety of lasertripsy also needs to further increase.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of double frequency dipulse endovenous laser stone crusher, including laser is humorousShake chamber and output module；The laser resonator include laser generation module, condenser lens, adjusting Q crystal, the first frequency-doubling crystal andOutgoing mirror；
The laser generation module is transmitted for generating 1064nm laser, and by 1064nm laser by the first convergent lensTo adjusting Q crystal；
The adjusting Q crystal is used to that the 1064nm laser received to be carried out to adjusting Q processing, and 1064nm laser is made to become 1064nmPulse laser, and the 1064nm pulse laser is transferred to the first frequency-doubling crystal；
The carry out frequency multiplication for a part of pulse laser that first frequency-doubling crystal is used to export adjusting Q crystal, thus by onePartial pulse laser is converted into 532nm pulse laser, and by the 1064nm pulse of 532nm pulse laser and non-frequency multiplication after frequency multiplicationLaser is exported to outgoing mirror, realizes the output of 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser；
The outgoing mirror is for exporting 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser to output module；
The output module is used to for received 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser to be transported to progress at calculi in vivo brokenStone.
Further, the laser generation module include pumping source, laser crystal, the first reflective mirror, the first collimation lens,Optical fiber and reflecting module；
The pumping source is for generating laser；
The laser crystal be used for by the laser that pumping source generates be converted into 1064nm laser and by 1064nm laser successivelyBy being conveyed to optical fiber after the first reflective mirror and the first collimation lens, then reflecting module is conveyed to by optical fiber；
The laser that the reflecting module is used to receive is reflected back along former road, to form laser generation.
Further, the core diameter of the optical fiber 3 be 200um, length 20m.
Further, the initial transmission of the adjusting Q crystal is 30%, and the pump energy of the pumping source is 70J.
Further, the pumping source includes flash lamp and power supply, and the flash lamp is used for generating light source, the power supplyIn the size for the energy of light source that flash lamp output is powered and controlled for flash lamp.
Further, the reflecting module includes total reflective mirror and the second convergent lens, and the reflective surface of the total reflective mirror is coated withThe high-reflecting film of 1064nm wave band, 1064nm laser is conveyed to total reflective mirror by the second convergent lens by the optical fiber, described to be all-trans1064nm laser is reflected back optical fiber by the second convergent lens again after receiving 1064nm laser by mirror.
Further, the output module includes the second reflective mirror, third concentrating lens and output optical fibre, the outgoing mirrorThe 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser of output passes sequentially through the second reflective mirror and third concentrating lens are exported to output optical fibre, instituteIt states output optical fibre and received 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser is transported to progress rubble at calculi in vivo.
Further, the laser lithotripsy machine further includes the outer secondary frequency multiplication module of chamber, the outer secondary frequency multiplication module packet of the chamberIt includes the 4th convergent lens, the second frequency-doubling crystal and the second collimation and throws mirror, the outgoing mirror passes through the 4th convergent lens for 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser is exported to the second frequency-doubling crystal, and second frequency-doubling crystal passes through the second collimation lens for 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser is exported to output module, and second frequency-doubling crystal is used for 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laserIn 1064nm pulse laser a part carry out frequency multiplication.
Further, the laser lithotripsy machine further includes beam splitter and laser energy monitoring modular, throws mirror from the second collimationThe 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser of output is divided into two-way after passing through beam splitter, and the first via is output to by the second reflective mirrorOutput module；Second tunnel is output to laser energy monitoring modular, and the laser energy monitoring modular swashs for real-time monitoring outputWhether light is normal.
Further, the laser lithotripsy machine further includes instruction light source, and the instruction light source is set to the second reflective mirrorBy in smooth surface.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) laser lithotripsy machine emits 1064/532nm double-frequency laser, and 532nm laser first excites plasma in calculus surfacesBody, the subsequent heating plasma of 1064nm laser generates mechanical shock wave and smashes calculus, while smashing calculus, tissueAbsorption is not generated to 1064/532nm laser, thermal damage will not be generated to tissue, accomplish only broken calculus, not injured tissue, mentionThe high safety of endovenous laser lithotrity.
(2) by long come the chamber of extended cavity in the intracavitary addition optical fiber of laser resonance, so that pulsewidth needed for obtaining swashsLight pulse does not increase the volume of entire resonant cavity since optical fiber has characteristic that is superfine and can coiling substantially after addition optical fiber, andAnd without increasing additional control section, guarantee the stability of laser lithotripsy machine operation.
(3) by the initial transmission of the optimization intracavitary adjusting Q crystal of laser resonance and the pump energy of flash lamp, so that laserStone crusher exports two pulses within pumping cycle of flash lamp, so that calculifragous efficiency doubles, and need to only adjust sudden strain of a muscle and turn off the lightPump energy, so that it may realize single and double-pulse output switching.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of double frequency dipulse endovenous laser stone crusher provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 1064nm pulsed laser output waveform diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is 532nm pulsed laser output waveform diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the double frequency pulse-pair output waveform diagram provided for inventive embodiments
Description of symbols: 1, total reflective mirror, the 2, second condenser lens, 3, optical fiber, the 4, first collimation lens, 5, first is reflectiveMirror, 6, laser crystal, the 7, first convergent lens, 8, adjusting Q crystal, the 9, first frequency-doubling crystal, 10, outgoing mirror, the 11, the 4th aggregation are saturatingMirror, the 12, second frequency-doubling crystal, the 13, second collimation lens, 14, beam splitter, the 15, second reflecting mirror, 16, third concentrating lens,17, output optical fibre, 18, energy monitoring module, 19, instruction light source, 20, flash lamp, 21, power supply.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, completeSite preparation description, it is clear that described embodiment is only present invention a part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present inventionIn embodiment, all other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative effortsExample, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of double frequency dipulse endovenous laser stone crusher provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including laser resonanceChamber and output module；The laser resonator includes laser generation module, the first condenser lens 7, adjusting Q crystal 8, the first frequency multiplication crystalline substanceBody 9 and outgoing mirror 10；
The laser generation module is passed for generating 1064nm laser, and by 1064nm laser by the first convergent lens 7It is defeated by adjusting Q crystal 8；
The adjusting Q crystal 8 is used to that the 1064nm laser received to be carried out to adjusting Q processing, becomes 1064nm laser1064nm pulse laser, and the 1064nm pulse laser is transferred to the first frequency-doubling crystal 9；
The carry out frequency multiplication for a part of pulse laser that first frequency-doubling crystal 9 is used to export adjusting Q crystal 8, thus willA part of pulse laser is converted into 532nm pulse laser, and by the 1064nm arteries and veins of 532nm pulse laser and non-frequency multiplication after frequency multiplicationImpulse light output realizes the output of 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser to outgoing mirror 10；
The outgoing mirror 10 is for exporting 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser to output module；
The output module is used to for received 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser to be transported to progress at calculi in vivo brokenStone.
Wherein, laser crystal 6 may be selected neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet crystal (Nd:YAG) or Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal (Nd:YVO4)；It is brilliant that KTP crystal (KTP), barium borate crystal (BBO) or three lithium borates can be selected in first frequency-doubling crystal 9Body (LBO) frequency-doubling crystal；Outgoing mirror 10 penetrates 1064nm laser part, all penetrates to 532nm laser, constitutes laser resonanceThe output end of chamber.
In above-described embodiment, the first frequency-doubling crystal 9 is placed in resonant cavity and is converted to a part of 1064nm pulse laser532nm pulse laser, realizes the output of 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser, and 532nm laser first excites plasma in calculus surfacesBody, the subsequent heating plasma of 1064nm laser generates mechanical shock wave and smashes calculus, while smashing calculus, tissueAbsorption is not generated to 1064/532nm laser, thermal damage will not be generated to tissue, accomplish only broken calculus, not injured tissue, mentionThe high safety of endovenous laser lithotrity.
Preferably, the laser generation module includes pumping source, laser crystal 6, the first reflective mirror 5, the first collimation lens4, optical fiber 3 and reflecting module；
The pumping source is for generating light source；
The laser crystal 6 be used for by the light source that pumping source generates be converted into 1064nm laser and by 1064nm laser successivelyReflecting module is conveyed to by being conveyed to optical fiber 3 after the first reflective mirror 5 and the first collimation lens 4, then by optical fiber 3；
The laser that the reflecting module is used to receive is reflected back along former road, to form laser generation.
Wherein, the pumping source includes flash lamp 20 and power supply 21, and the flash lamp 20 is for generating light source, the power supplyThe size of 21 energy of light source for the output of flash lamp 20 to be powered and controlled for flash lamp 20；The reflecting module includes total reflective mirror1 and second convergent lens 2, the reflective surface of the total reflective mirror 1 is coated with the high-reflecting film of 1064nm wave band, and the optical fiber 3 is by 1064nmLaser is conveyed to total reflective mirror by the second convergent lens 2, and the total reflective mirror 1 receives after 1064nm laser again by 1064nm laserOptical fiber 3 is reflected back by the second convergent lens 2；
According to Q principle is adjusted, the pulsewidth of adjustable Q laser pulse is directly proportional to chamber length, and the length by adjusting optical fiber 3 can be directThe pulsewidth of output laser pulse is controlled, simultaneously because optical fiber 3 has the elongated characteristic coiled, optical fiber 3 is added and does not increase substantiallyThe volume of entire resonant cavity, will obtain the laser pulse of pulsewidth about 1us, and the core diameter of selected optical fiber 3 is 200um, length 20m.
Further to promote the calculifragous efficiency to harder calculus, laser lithotripsy machine can work in pulse-pair output mode,The initial transmission for selecting adjusting Q crystal 8 is 30%, and adjusting the pump energy of flash lamp 20 by power supply 21 is 70J, keeps laser brokenStone machine exports two laser pulses within a pumping cycle of flash lamp 2010, obtains double frequency pulse-pair output, so thatCalculifragous efficiency doubles, and double frequency pulse-pair output waveform is as shown in figure 4, the interval between two pulses is about 80us, when calculus is hardWhen spending smaller, the pump energy of flash lamp 20 can be reduced, laser lithotripsy machine is made to be in double frequency pulse output state.
Preferably, the output module includes the second reflective mirror, third concentrating lens 16 and output optical fibre 17, describedOutgoing mirror 10 export 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser pass sequentially through the second reflective mirror and third concentrating lens 16 output toOutput optical fibre 17, the output optical fibre 17 by received 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser be transported at calculi in vivo carry out it is brokenStone.
Preferably, the laser lithotripsy machine further includes the outer secondary frequency multiplication module of chamber, and the outer secondary frequency multiplication module of the chamber includes4th convergent lens 11, the second frequency-doubling crystal 12 and the second collimation throw mirror, and the outgoing mirror 10 will by the 4th convergent lens 111064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser is exported to the second frequency-doubling crystal 12, and second frequency-doubling crystal 12 passes through the second collimation lens13 export 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser to output module, and second frequency-doubling crystal 12 is used for bis- to 1064/532nmA part of 1064nm pulse laser in frequency pulse laser carries out frequency multiplication.
In above-described embodiment, the outer secondary frequency multiplication of chamber is carried out, 532nm laser energy in output laser is further improved, addsThe speed formation of rubble process plasma, improves calculifragous efficiency.
Wherein, second frequency-doubling crystal 12 equally optional KTP crystal (KTP), barium borate crystal (BBO)Or lithium triborate crystal (LBO) frequency-doubling crystal.
Preferably, the laser lithotripsy machine further includes beam splitter 14 and laser energy monitoring modular 18, the output moduleFurther include the second reflective mirror, throws after the 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser that mirror exports passes through beam splitter 14 and divided from the second collimationAt two-way, the first via is output to output module by the second reflective mirror；Second tunnel is output to laser energy monitoring modular 18, in real timeWhether monitoring output laser is normal.
Preferably, the laser lithotripsy machine further includes instruction light source 19, and the instruction light source 19 is set to the second reflective mirrorBy in smooth surface.
In above-described embodiment, collimated first by second by the 1064/532nm double-frequency pulse laser of secondary frequency multiplication outside chamber saturatingMirror 13 collimates, and is reflected by overwhelming majority laser when beam splitter 14, small part laser light beam splitter 14 is incident on laser energyDetection module is measured, whether the output energy of 18 real-time monitoring laser lithotripsy machine of laser energy monitoring modular is maintained at normal level,The laser that beam splitter 14 reflects passes through the second reflecting mirror 15 and tertiary focusing lens focus into output optical fibre 17, output optical fibreLaser energy is transported to progress rubble at calculus by 17；Instruction light source 19 is placed after second reflecting mirror 15, is used to indicate internal lightThe position that fibre 3 is directed toward.The 1064nm laser pulse shape that output optical fibre 17 exports is as shown in Fig. 2, pulsewidth is about 1.19us, output532nm laser pulse shape as shown in figure 3, pulsewidth is about 800ns.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention andWithin principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.