技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及信号分析领域，尤其涉及接收机信号分析技术领域，具体是指一种基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构。The invention relates to the field of signal analysis, and in particular to the technical field of receiver signal analysis. Specifically, it refers to a circuit structure that improves the dynamic range of a receiver based on an inversion cancellation mechanism.
背景技术Background technique
接收机是中广泛使用的设备，其作用是接收信号，进行信号的分析、测量、信息还原等。根据接收机的技术架构，可分为超外差接收机和零中频接收机等。其中，最常用的是超外差接收机，其特点是工作频段宽、灵敏度高。典型的接收机架构如图1所示。Receiver is a widely used device in China. Its function is to receive signals and perform signal analysis, measurement, information restoration, etc. According to the technical architecture of the receiver, it can be divided into superheterodyne receivers and zero-IF receivers. Among them, the most commonly used is the superheterodyne receiver, which is characterized by a wide operating frequency band and high sensitivity. A typical receiver architecture is shown in Figure 1.
其工作原理是将输入信号进行下变频到一个固定中频信号上，后续进行ADC和相关信号处理，已提取相关信息。这种超外差结构因系统的工作频段、带宽等因素的考虑，变频级数会有1～4级不等。随着级数的增多，内部的放大、滤波电路也需要相应增加，电路结构非常复杂。大量模拟器件的加入，使系统的动态范围设计比较困难。在某些应用场合下，系统需要接收和分析的有用信息是一些微弱信号，而这些微弱信号的频段周围又存在一些强信号，而强信号是系统不关心的。比如，雷达多普勒反射波寄存在大功率发射信号的边带上，高灵敏度的无线通信模块周围存在高强度的其它运营商基站信号等。Its working principle is to down-convert the input signal to a fixed intermediate frequency signal, and then perform ADC and related signal processing to extract relevant information. This kind of superheterodyne structure has frequency conversion stages ranging from 1 to 4 due to factors such as the operating frequency band and bandwidth of the system. As the number of stages increases, the internal amplification and filtering circuits also need to increase accordingly, and the circuit structure is very complex. The addition of a large number of analog devices makes it difficult to design the dynamic range of the system. In some applications, the useful information that the system needs to receive and analyze is some weak signals, and there are some strong signals around the frequency bands of these weak signals, and the system does not care about the strong signals. For example, radar Doppler reflection waves are stored in the sidebands of high-power transmitted signals, and high-intensity base station signals of other operators exist around high-sensitivity wireless communication modules.
为了能够实现以上场景下的信号接收，现有的各种接收机技术方案主要从模拟射频通道入手，采用了一些手段和措施，主要有：In order to achieve signal reception in the above scenarios, various existing receiver technical solutions mainly start from analog radio frequency channels and adopt some means and measures, mainly including:
(1)系统前端通过滤波器进行大、小信号的分离。这种方式最直接，但对滤波器的要求较高，尤其是信号频率间隔很近的情况下，此方法是无效的。(1) The front end of the system separates large and small signals through filters. This method is the most direct, but it has higher requirements on the filter, especially when the signal frequencies are very close, this method is ineffective.
(2)优化硬件电路设计，进行合理增益分配，对放大器、混频器等电路进行优化设计，改善线性度的性能指标，但这种方式的硬件设计难度大，且优化程度有限。(2) Optimize hardware circuit design, carry out reasonable gain distribution, optimize the design of amplifiers, mixers and other circuits, and improve linearity performance indicators. However, hardware design in this way is difficult and the degree of optimization is limited.
综上所述，现有接收机的技术方案，对存在与小信号频率附近的强干扰信号，如果这种强干扰信号的幅度达到了系统非线性工作范围，通道将产生各种非线性产物，从而影响小信号的解析。To sum up, the existing technical solutions for receivers will produce various nonlinear products in the channel if there is a strong interference signal near the small signal frequency. If the amplitude of this strong interference signal reaches the nonlinear operating range of the system, the channel will produce various nonlinear products. This affects the analysis of small signals.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服了上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种满足自动跟踪、自动抵消、适用范围广的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a circuit structure that satisfies automatic tracking, automatic cancellation, and has a wide range of applications and is based on an anti-phase cancellation mechanism to improve the dynamic range of the receiver.
为了实现上述目的，本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构如下：In order to achieve the above purpose, the circuit structure of the present invention to improve the dynamic range of the receiver based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism is as follows:
本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构，其主要特点是，所述的电路结构包括：The main feature of the circuit structure of the present invention that improves the dynamic range of the receiver based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism is that the circuit structure includes:
预选滤波器模块，所述的预选滤波器模块的输出端与功分器相连接，用于滤除本机之外的信号；Pre-selection filter module, the output end of the pre-selection filter module is connected to the power divider, used to filter signals other than the local machine;
检测接收通道模块，所述的检测接收通道模块的输入端与所述的预选滤波器模块的输出端相连接，用于提取通道内的强信号；Detection and reception channel module, the input end of the detection and reception channel module is connected to the output end of the pre-selection filter module, used to extract strong signals in the channel;
抵消通道模块，所述的抵消通道模块的输入端与所述的检测接收通道模块的输出端相连接，用于产生抵消信号；A cancellation channel module, the input end of the cancellation channel module is connected to the output end of the detection receiving channel module, and is used to generate a cancellation signal;
接收机通道模块，所述的接收机通道模块的输入端与所述的预选滤波器模块和抵消通道模块的输出端相连接，用于处理经过通道的信号。Receiver channel module, the input end of the receiver channel module is connected to the output end of the pre-selection filter module and the cancellation channel module, and is used to process the signal passing through the channel.
较佳地，所述的检测接收通道模块包括：Preferably, the detection receiving channel module includes:
第一混频器，所述的第一混频器的输入端与所述的功分器的输出端相连接，用于将射频信号变频到中频信号；A first mixer, the input end of the first mixer is connected to the output end of the power divider, used to convert the radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal;
第一带通滤波器，所述的第一带通滤波器的输入端与所述的第一混频器的输出端相连接，用于进行抗混叠；A first bandpass filter, the input end of the first bandpass filter is connected to the output end of the first mixer for anti-aliasing;
第一模数变换器，所述的第一模数变换器的输入端与所述的第一带通滤波器的输出端相连接，用于将模拟中频信号变换成数字信号；A first analog-to-digital converter, the input end of the first analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output end of the first bandpass filter, and is used to convert the analog intermediate frequency signal into a digital signal;
第一数字下变频器，所述的第一数字下变频器的输入端与所述的第一模数变换器的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换成I/Q信号；A first digital downconverter, the input end of the first digital downconverter is connected to the output end of the first analog-to-digital converter, and is used to convert the signal into an I/Q signal;
第一带宽控制单元，所述的第一带宽控制单元的输入端与所述的第一数字下变频器的输出端相连接，所述的第一带宽控制单元的输出端与所述的抵消通道模块相连接，用于选择拟抵消信号的带宽和频率。A first bandwidth control unit, the input end of the first bandwidth control unit is connected to the output end of the first digital downconverter, the output end of the first bandwidth control unit is connected to the cancellation channel The modules are connected to select the bandwidth and frequency of the signal to be canceled.
较佳地，所述的抵消通道模块包括：Preferably, the offset channel module includes:
数字上变频器，所述的数字上变频器的输入端与所述的检测接收通道模块的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换成数字中频信号；A digital up-converter, the input end of the digital up-converter is connected to the output end of the detection receiving channel module, and is used to convert the signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal;
数字延迟电路单元，所述的数字延迟电路单元的输入端与所述的数字上变频器的输出端相连接，用于精细调控信号相位；A digital delay circuit unit, the input end of the digital delay circuit unit is connected to the output end of the digital upconverter for finely controlling the signal phase;
数模变换器，所述的数模变换器的输入端与所述的数字延迟电路单元的输出端相连接，用于将数字信号转换成模拟信号；A digital-to-analog converter, the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the output end of the digital delay circuit unit, and is used to convert digital signals into analog signals;
低通滤波器，所述的低通滤波器的输入端与所述的数模变换器的输出端相连接，用于滤除高频时钟信号，并产生与原始信号大小相等且相位相反的中频模拟信号。A low-pass filter, the input end of the low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the digital-to-analog converter, used to filter out high-frequency clock signals and generate an intermediate frequency that is equal in size and opposite in phase to the original signal. analog signal.
较佳地，所述的抵消通道模块还包括第二混频器，所述的第二混频器的输入端与所述的低通滤波器的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换到射频频段上。Preferably, the cancellation channel module further includes a second mixer, and the input end of the second mixer is connected to the output end of the low-pass filter for converting the signal to radio frequency. on the frequency band.
较佳地，所述的接收机通道模块包括：Preferably, the receiver channel module includes:
延时电路单元，所述的延时电路单元的输入端与所述的功分器的输出端相连接，用于对模拟信号进行延时；Delay circuit unit, the input end of the delay circuit unit is connected to the output end of the power divider, used to delay the analog signal;
求和电路单元，所述的求和电路单元的输入端与所述的延时电路单元的输出端和抵消通道模块的第二混频器的输出端相连接，用于对原始的接收信号和变换后的信号进行求和操作；A summing circuit unit, the input end of the summing circuit unit is connected to the output end of the delay circuit unit and the output end of the second mixer of the cancellation channel module, for summing the original received signal The transformed signals are summed;
第三混频器，所述的第三混频器的输入端与所述的求和电路单元的输出端相连接，用于对射频信号进行变频；A third mixer, the input end of the third mixer is connected to the output end of the summing circuit unit, and is used for frequency conversion of radio frequency signals;
第二带通滤波器，所述的第二带通滤波器的输入端与所述的第三混频器的输出端相连接，用于进行抗混叠；a second bandpass filter, the input end of the second bandpass filter is connected to the output end of the third mixer for anti-aliasing;
第二模数变换器，所述的第二模数变换器的输入端与所述的第二带通滤波器的输出端相连接，用于将模拟信号变换成数字信号；a second analog-to-digital converter, the input end of the second analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output end of the second bandpass filter, and is used to convert analog signals into digital signals;
第二数字下变频器，所述的第二数字下变频器的输入端与所述的第二模数变换器的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换成I/Q信号。A second digital down-converter, the input end of the second digital down-converter is connected to the output end of the second analog-to-digital converter, and is used to convert the signal into an I/Q signal.
较佳地，所述的第一带宽控制单元的带宽由电路结构控制。Preferably, the bandwidth of the first bandwidth control unit is controlled by a circuit structure.
较佳地，所述的检测接收通道模块和接收机通道模块共用本振信号。Preferably, the detection receiving channel module and the receiver channel module share a local oscillator signal.
较佳地，所述的第一数字下变频器和第二数字下变频器的频率差值为强弱信号的频率差值。Preferably, the frequency difference between the first digital down converter and the second digital down converter is the frequency difference between strong and weak signals.
较佳地，所述的检测接收通道模块还包括第一本振单元，所述的第一本振单元的输出端与所述的第一混频器的输入端相连接。Preferably, the detection receiving channel module further includes a first local oscillator unit, the output end of the first local oscillator unit is connected to the input end of the first mixer.
较佳地，所述的抵消通道模块还包括第二本振单元，所述的第二本振单元的输出端同时与所述的第二混频器的输入端和第三混频器的输入端相连接。Preferably, the cancellation channel module further includes a second local oscillator unit, and the output end of the second local oscillator unit is simultaneously connected to the input end of the second mixer and the input of the third mixer. terminals connected.
较佳地，所述的第一本振单元的输出端还与所述的第三混频器的输入端相连接。Preferably, the output end of the first local oscillator unit is also connected to the input end of the third mixer.
采用了本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构，通过射频信号抵消的方法，实现强干扰情况下，小信号接收的有效性。具有以下优点：(1)通过抵消机制，可以有效抑制通道中存在的强干扰信号，从而实现了小信号的测量分析等，相同的电路结构，大大提高了系统的线性动态范围，通过这个方法，至少改善系统动态范围20dB，经过精细校准后可达30～35dB。(2)此方法尤其适合信号频率间隔很近的信号处理，而此前，对于这种带内的干扰信号处理是非常困难甚至无法实现的。(3)抵消信号的间隔和带宽都是可程控和自动跟踪的，使用方便。(4)本方案具有一定可扩展性，可增加检测通道数量，已实现过个强干扰信号存在的应用场合。The circuit structure of the present invention is adopted to improve the dynamic range of the receiver based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism, and the effectiveness of small signal reception in the case of strong interference is achieved through the method of radio frequency signal cancellation. It has the following advantages: (1) Through the cancellation mechanism, strong interference signals existing in the channel can be effectively suppressed, thereby enabling measurement and analysis of small signals. The same circuit structure greatly improves the linear dynamic range of the system. Through this method, Improve the system dynamic range by at least 20dB, and after fine calibration it can reach 30~35dB. (2) This method is especially suitable for signal processing where the signal frequencies are closely spaced. Previously, it was very difficult or even impossible to process interference signals within this band. (3) The interval and bandwidth of the offset signal are programmable and automatically tracked, making it easy to use. (4) This solution has certain scalability, can increase the number of detection channels, and has been used in applications where strong interference signals exist.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为现有技术的典型超外差接收机框图。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a typical superheterodyne receiver in the prior art.
图2为本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention for improving the dynamic range of a receiver based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism.
图3为本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构的监测和接收通道的信号处理示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the signal processing of the monitoring and receiving channels of the circuit structure of the present invention based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism to improve the dynamic range of the receiver.
图4为本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构的实施例一的方案改进后的宽带抵消方案示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an improved broadband cancellation solution according to Embodiment 1 of the circuit structure of improving the dynamic range of a receiver based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism of the present invention.
图5为本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构的实施例二的使用高速DAC产生抵消信号的改进方案示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an improved solution using a high-speed DAC to generate a cancellation signal according to Embodiment 2 of the circuit structure of the invention based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism to improve the dynamic range of the receiver.
附图标记：Reference signs:
Mixer1 第一混频器Mixer1 first mixer
BPF1 第一带通滤波器BPF1 first band pass filter
ADC1 第一模数变换器ADC1 First Analog-to-Digital Converter
DDC1 第一数字下变频器DDC1 First Digital Downconverter
BWC 第一带宽控制单元BWC First Bandwidth Control Unit
DUC 数字上变频器DUC digital upconverter
DDL 数字延迟电路单元DDL digital delay circuit unit
LPF 低通滤波器LPF low pass filter
Mixer3 第二混频器Mixer3 Second mixer
DL 延时电路单元DL delay circuit unit
Mixer2 第三混频器Mixer2 third mixer
BPF2 第二带通滤波器BPF2 second bandpass filter
ADC2 第二模数变换器ADC2 second analog-to-digital converter
DDC2 第二数字下变频器DDC2 Second Digital Downconverter
LO1 第一本振单元LO1 first local oscillator unit
LO2 第二本振单元LO2 second local oscillator unit
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了能够更清楚地描述本发明的技术内容，下面结合具体实施例来进行进一步的描述。In order to describe the technical content of the present invention more clearly, further description is provided below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
本发明的基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构，其中，所述的电路结构包括：The circuit structure of the present invention is based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism to improve the dynamic range of the receiver, wherein the circuit structure includes:
预选滤波器模块，所述的预选滤波器模块的输出端与功分器相连接，用于滤除本机之外的信号；Pre-selection filter module, the output end of the pre-selection filter module is connected to the power divider, used to filter signals other than the local machine;
检测接收通道模块，所述的检测接收通道模块的输入端与所述的预选滤波器模块的输出端相连接，用于提取通道内的强信号；Detection and reception channel module, the input end of the detection and reception channel module is connected to the output end of the pre-selection filter module, used to extract strong signals in the channel;
抵消通道模块，所述的抵消通道模块的输入端与所述的检测接收通道模块的输出端相连接，用于产生抵消信号；A cancellation channel module, the input end of the cancellation channel module is connected to the output end of the detection receiving channel module, and is used to generate a cancellation signal;
接收机通道模块，所述的接收机通道模块的输入端与所述的预选滤波器模块和抵消通道模块的输出端相连接，用于处理经过通道的信号。Receiver channel module, the input end of the receiver channel module is connected to the output end of the pre-selection filter module and the cancellation channel module, and is used to process the signal passing through the channel.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的检测接收通道模块包括：As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection receiving channel module includes:
第一混频器Mixer1，所述的第一混频器Mixer1的输入端与所述的功分器的输出端相连接，用于将射频信号变频到中频信号；A first mixer Mixer1, the input end of the first mixer Mixer1 is connected to the output end of the power divider, used to convert the radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal;
第一带通滤波器BPF1，所述的第一带通滤波器BPF1的输入端与所述的第一混频器Mixer1的输出端相连接，用于进行抗混叠；A first bandpass filter BPF1, the input end of the first bandpass filter BPF1 is connected to the output end of the first mixer Mixer1 for anti-aliasing;
第一模数变换器ADC1，所述的第一模数变换器ADC1的输入端与所述的第一带通滤波器BPF1的输出端相连接，用于将模拟中频信号变换成数字信号；A first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, the input end of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 is connected to the output end of the first bandpass filter BPF1, used to convert the analog intermediate frequency signal into a digital signal;
第一数字下变频器DDC1，所述的第一数字下变频器DDC1的输入端与所述的第一模数变换器ADC1的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换成I/Q信号；A first digital downconverter DDC1, the input end of the first digital downconverter DDC1 is connected to the output end of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, and is used to convert the signal into an I/Q signal;
第一带宽控制单元BWC，所述的第一带宽控制单元BWC的输入端与所述的第一数字下变频器DDC1的输出端相连接，所述的第一带宽控制单元BWC的输出端与所述的抵消通道模块相连接，用于选择拟抵消信号的带宽和频率。The first bandwidth control unit BWC has an input terminal connected to the output terminal of the first digital down converter DDC1 and an output terminal of the first bandwidth control unit BWC to the first bandwidth control unit BWC. The above-mentioned cancellation channel module is connected to select the bandwidth and frequency of the signal to be canceled.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的抵消通道模块包括：As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the offset channel module includes:
数字上变频器DUC，所述的数字上变频器DUC的输入端与所述的检测接收通道模块的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换成数字中频信号；Digital upconverter DUC, the input end of the digital upconverter DUC is connected to the output end of the detection receiving channel module, and is used to convert the signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal;
数字上变频器DDL，所述的数字上变频器DDL的输入端与所述的数字上变频器DUC的输出端相连接，用于精细调控信号相位；Digital upconverter DDL, the input end of the digital upconverter DDL is connected to the output end of the digital upconverter DUC, for finely controlling the signal phase;
数模变换器，所述的数模变换器的输入端与所述的数字上变频器DDL的输出端相连接，用于将数字信号转换成模拟信号；A digital-to-analog converter, the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the output end of the digital upconverter DDL, and is used to convert digital signals into analog signals;
低通滤波器LPF，所述的低通滤波器LPF的输入端与所述的数模变换器的输出端相连接，用于滤除高频时钟信号，并产生与原始信号大小相等且相位相反的中频模拟信号。Low-pass filter LPF, the input end of the low-pass filter LPF is connected to the output end of the digital-to-analog converter, used to filter out high-frequency clock signals and generate signals that are equal in size and opposite in phase to the original signal. intermediate frequency analog signal.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的抵消通道模块还包括第二混频器Mixer3，所述的第二混频器Mixer3的输入端与所述的低通滤波器LPF的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换到射频频段上。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cancellation channel module further includes a second mixer Mixer3, the input end of the second mixer Mixer3 is connected to the output end of the low-pass filter LPF, Used to convert signals to the radio frequency band.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的接收机通道模块包括：As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the receiver channel module includes:
延时电路单元DL，所述的延时电路单元DL的输入端与所述的功分器的输出端相连接，用于对模拟信号进行延时；Delay circuit unit DL, the input end of the delay circuit unit DL is connected to the output end of the power divider, used to delay the analog signal;
求和电路单元，所述的求和电路单元的输入端与所述的延时电路单元DL的输出端和抵消通道模块的第二混频器Mixer3的输出端相连接，用于对原始的接收信号和变换后的信号进行求和操作；Summing circuit unit, the input end of the summing circuit unit is connected to the output end of the delay circuit unit DL and the output end of the second mixer Mixer3 of the cancellation channel module, used to receive the original The signal and the transformed signal are summed;
第三混频器Mixer2，所述的第三混频器Mixer2的输入端与所述的求和电路单元的输出端相连接，用于对射频信号进行变频；A third mixer Mixer2, the input end of the third mixer Mixer2 is connected to the output end of the summing circuit unit, and is used for frequency conversion of radio frequency signals;
第二带通滤波器BPF2，所述的第二带通滤波器BPF2的输入端与所述的第三混频器Mixer2的输出端相连接，用于进行抗混叠；a second band-pass filter BPF2, the input end of the second band-pass filter BPF2 is connected to the output end of the third mixer Mixer2 for anti-aliasing;
第二模数变换器ADC2，所述的第二模数变换器ADC2的输入端与所述的第二带通滤波器BPF2的输出端相连接，用于将模拟信号变换成数字信号；A second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, the input end of the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2 is connected to the output end of the second band-pass filter BPF2, used to convert analog signals into digital signals;
第二数字下变频器DDC2，所述的第二数字下变频器DDC2的输入端与所述的第二模数变换器ADC2的输出端相连接，用于将信号变换成I/Q信号。A second digital down-converter DDC2, the input terminal of the second digital down-converter DDC2 is connected to the output terminal of the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, for converting the signal into an I/Q signal.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的第一带宽控制单元BWC的带宽由电路结构控制。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bandwidth of the first bandwidth control unit BWC is controlled by a circuit structure.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的检测接收通道模块和接收机通道模块共用本振信号。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection receiving channel module and the receiver channel module share a local oscillator signal.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的第一数字下变频器DDC1和第二数字下变频器DDC2的频率差值为强弱信号的频率差值。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frequency difference between the first digital down converter DDC1 and the second digital down converter DDC2 is the frequency difference between strong and weak signals.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的检测接收通道模块还包括第一本振单元LO1，所述的第一本振单元LO1的输出端与所述的第一混频器Mixer1的输入端相连接。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection receiving channel module further includes a first local oscillator unit LO1, and the output end of the first local oscillator unit LO1 is in phase with the input end of the first mixer Mixer1. connect.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的抵消通道模块还包括第二本振单元LO2，所述的第二本振单元LO2的输出端与所述的第二混频器Mixer3的输入端和第三混频器Mixer2的输入端相连接。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cancellation channel module further includes a second local oscillator unit LO2. The output end of the second local oscillator unit LO2 is connected to the input end of the second mixer Mixer3 and the third The input terminals of the three mixers Mixer2 are connected.
作为本发明的优选实施方式，所述的第一本振单元LO1的输出端还与所述的第三混频器Mixer2的输入端相连接。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the output end of the first local oscillator unit LO1 is also connected to the input end of the third mixer Mixer2.
本发明的具体实施方式中，本发明的系统框图和连接关系如图2所示，接收机的射频输入首先经过预选滤波器模块，滤除本机之外的信号，然后进入一个功分器，之后，系统分成3个通道，分别是检测接收通道模块、接收机通道模块以及产生抵消信号的抵消通道模块。功分器的一路输出进入检测接收通道模块，该通道模块主要是提取通道内的强信号，与接收机通道模块的处理流程类似，首先是经过混频器Mixer变换成中频信号，经过带通滤波器BPF后进入模数变换器ADC，经过数字下变频器DDC变换成I/Q信号，经过第一带宽控制单元BWC对拟抵消信号的带宽和频率进行选择，其带宽是可以通过控制的。In the specific implementation of the present invention, the system block diagram and connection relationship of the present invention are shown in Figure 2. The radio frequency input of the receiver first passes through the pre-selected filter module to filter out signals other than the local unit, and then enters a power divider. After that, the system is divided into three channels, namely the detection receiving channel module, the receiver channel module and the cancellation channel module that generates the cancellation signal. One output of the power splitter enters the detection receiving channel module. This channel module mainly extracts the strong signal in the channel. The processing flow is similar to that of the receiver channel module. First, it is converted into an intermediate frequency signal by the mixer and then band-pass filtered. After the converter BPF, it enters the analog-to-digital converter ADC, which is converted into an I/Q signal through the digital downconverter DDC. The bandwidth and frequency of the intended cancellation signal are selected through the first bandwidth control unit BWC, and its bandwidth can be controlled.
附图中Pre Filter为预选滤波器模块，Detect Channel为检测接收通道模块，Receive Channel为接收机通道模块，Cancel Channel为抵消通道模块。In the attached figure, Pre Filter is the preselection filter module, Detect Channel is the detection receiving channel module, Receive Channel is the receiver channel module, and Cancel Channel is the cancellation channel module.
检测接收通道模块的I/Q输出信号进入抵消通道模块，经过数字上变频DUC变换成数字中频，然后经过数字延迟电路DDL，该数字延迟电路可精细调控信号相位，然后送往数模变换器DAC，变换成模拟信号，经低通滤波器滤除高频时钟信号后产生与原始信号大小相等，相位相反的中频模拟信号，在经过上混频器Mixer3变换到射频频段上，进入接收机通道，与原始的接收信号求和，再进入混频器。此时，进入混频器的信号将只含有小信号，而大信号因相位相反，已经抵消。降低了后面混频器和放大器电路的线性度要求。接收机通道中的延时电路DL对模拟信号进行延时，以保证抵消信号产生的时间与本通道一致。系统设计中，对ADC的采样率尽可能提高，否则计算延迟过大，会使系统失效。The I/Q output signal of the detection receiving channel module enters the cancellation channel module, is converted into a digital intermediate frequency through the digital up-conversion DUC, and then passes through the digital delay circuit DDL. This digital delay circuit can finely control the signal phase, and then is sent to the digital-to-analog converter DAC , converted into an analog signal, the high-frequency clock signal is filtered out by a low-pass filter to generate an intermediate-frequency analog signal that is equal in size and opposite in phase to the original signal. It is converted to the radio frequency band through the upmixer Mixer3 and enters the receiver channel. summed with the original received signal before entering the mixer. At this time, the signal entering the mixer will only contain small signals, while the large signals have been canceled due to their opposite phases. The linearity requirements of the subsequent mixer and amplifier circuits are reduced. The delay circuit DL in the receiver channel delays the analog signal to ensure that the time at which the offset signal is generated is consistent with this channel. In the system design, the sampling rate of the ADC should be increased as much as possible, otherwise the calculation delay will be too large and the system will fail.
附图2中检测接收通道模块和接收机通道模块，共用一个本振信号，这种设计可以实现中频通带带宽内的干扰消除，如图3所示，该图给出了两路数字下变频DDC电路的实现方法。其架构基本一致，主要是由乘法器、FIR滤波器、半带滤波器HB、数字振荡器NCO构成，二者有两个区别，两个数字振荡器的频率不同，图中可以看出，两个频率相差Δf，这个Δf就是强弱信号的频率差，该频差由系统测量获得后反馈输入。另外检测通道需要一个带宽控制电路，其目的是控制抵消信号的带宽，由一组滤波因此可重组的数字滤波器构成。In Figure 2, the detection receiving channel module and the receiver channel module share a local oscillator signal. This design can achieve interference elimination within the IF passband bandwidth, as shown in Figure 3, which shows two digital downconversions. Implementation method of DDC circuit. Its architecture is basically the same, mainly composed of a multiplier, FIR filter, half-band filter HB, and digital oscillator NCO. There are two differences between the two. The frequencies of the two digital oscillators are different. As can be seen in the figure, the two There is a frequency difference of Δf. This Δf is the frequency difference between strong and weak signals. This frequency difference is measured by the system and then fed back into the input. In addition, the detection channel requires a bandwidth control circuit, whose purpose is to control the bandwidth of the cancellation signal, which is composed of a set of digital filters that are filtered and therefore reconfigurable.
附图2和附图3构成的系统，可以对中频带内的信号进行抵消，此时大小信号的频率间隔较近，在射频端用滤波器难以分离。The system composed of Figures 2 and 3 can cancel signals in the intermediate frequency band. At this time, the frequency intervals of large and small signals are close and it is difficult to separate them with filters at the radio frequency end.
本发明的实施例一也可用于一些宽带接收机和信号频率间隔较宽的场合，如附图4所示。与附图2相比，检测通道使用了独立的本振单元，而不是与接收机通道共用本振，这个系统的适应性更强，不但可以抵消近端的信号，而且可以抵消频率更远的信号。只是硬件系统会提高，结构会复杂。此时，两个本振第频差将设置到接收机通道与干扰信号的频差上。Embodiment 1 of the present invention can also be used in some situations where broadband receivers and signal frequencies are widely spaced, as shown in Figure 4. Compared with Figure 2, the detection channel uses an independent local oscillator unit instead of sharing the local oscillator with the receiver channel. This system is more adaptable and can not only offset near-end signals, but also offset signals with farther frequencies. Signal. It’s just that the hardware system will be improved and the structure will be complex. At this time, the frequency difference between the two local oscillators will be set to the frequency difference between the receiver channel and the interference signal.
对于抵消信号的产生，目前的高速DAC已经开始成熟并提供商用，直接通过DAC即可输出宽带射频信号。本发明的实施例二给出了一种直接通过DAC产生抵消信号的方案，如附图5所示，该方案由于减少了上变频的流程，对抵消通道的复杂度大大降低。For the generation of offset signals, current high-speed DACs have begun to mature and become commercially available. Broadband RF signals can be output directly through the DAC. Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a solution for generating a cancellation signal directly through a DAC, as shown in Figure 5. This solution greatly reduces the complexity of the cancellation channel because it reduces the up-conversion process.
由于本发明的该基于射频抵消机制的系统方案，可有效降低大信号对系统的影响，通过监测感兴趣信号周边频谱的实际功率，实时产生与该信号功率相等、相位相反的信号，在射频通道中抵消打信号，从而为提升接收机系统实际动态范围，并且具有自动跟踪、自动抵消，非常适合微弱信号接收机的应用。Because the system solution based on the radio frequency cancellation mechanism of the present invention can effectively reduce the impact of large signals on the system, by monitoring the actual power of the spectrum surrounding the signal of interest, a signal with equal power and opposite phase to the signal is generated in real time. It neutralizes the signal, thereby improving the actual dynamic range of the receiver system, and has automatic tracking and automatic cancellation, which is very suitable for weak signal receiver applications.
采用了本发明的上述基于反相抵消机制提高接收机动态范围的电路结构，通过射频信号抵消的方法，实现强干扰情况下，小信号接收的有效性。具有以下优点：(1)通过抵消机制，可以有效抑制通道中存在的强干扰信号，从而实现了小信号的测量分析等，相同的电路结构，大大提高了系统的线性动态范围，通过这个方法，至少改善系统动态范围20dB，经过精细校准后可达30～35dB。(2)此方法尤其适合信号频率间隔很近的信号处理，而此前，对于这种带内的干扰信号处理是非常困难甚至无法实现的。(3)抵消信号的间隔和带宽都是可程控和自动跟踪的，使用方便。(4)本方案具有一定可扩展性，可增加检测通道数量，已实现过个强干扰信号存在的应用场合。The above-mentioned circuit structure of the present invention based on the anti-phase cancellation mechanism to improve the dynamic range of the receiver is adopted, and the effectiveness of small signal reception in the case of strong interference is achieved through the method of radio frequency signal cancellation. It has the following advantages: (1) Through the cancellation mechanism, strong interference signals existing in the channel can be effectively suppressed, thereby enabling measurement and analysis of small signals. The same circuit structure greatly improves the linear dynamic range of the system. Through this method, Improve the system dynamic range by at least 20dB, and after fine calibration it can reach 30~35dB. (2) This method is especially suitable for signal processing where the signal frequencies are closely spaced. Previously, it was very difficult or even impossible to process interference signals within this band. (3) The interval and bandwidth of the offset signal are programmable and automatically tracked, making it easy to use. (4) This solution has certain scalability, can increase the number of detection channels, and has been used in applications where strong interference signals exist.
在此说明书中，本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是，很显然仍可以作出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此，说明书和附图应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it is apparent that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.
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| CN201910031223.7ACN109474288B (en) | 2019-01-14 | 2019-01-14 | Circuit structure to improve receiver dynamic range based on anti-phase cancellation mechanism |
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