The device and measuring method of load consolidation and electronic collaboration repairing heavy metal pollution soilTechnical field
The present invention relates to Polluted Soil recovery technique field, especially a kind of load consolidation and electronic collaboration remediating heavy metal are dirtyContaminate the device and measuring method of soil.
Background technique
Currently, the recovery technique of combined contamination soil mainly has microorganism remediation, electro reclamation etc., wherein electrodynamicsIt is extensive, low in cost that reparation has many advantages, such as use scope, and has been successfully applied to the in-situ immobilization of heavy-metal contaminated soilIn.But in the experiment of Polluted Soil electro reclamation, the slurry condition for being in high-moisture percentage due to being repaired soil causes to repair soilThe mechanical characteristics such as intensity measurement it is very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The applicant provides a kind of load consolidation and electronic collaboration reparation weight for the disadvantage in above-mentioned existing production technologyThe device and method of metallic pollution soil combines electro reclamation and vertical load, to meet measurement mechanical strength and deformationRequirement, while can also consolidate for try the soil body.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
The device of a kind of load consolidation and electronic collaboration repairing heavy metal pollution soil, including loading frame, structure are as follows: packetFour steel steel columns are included, is spaced along the vertical direction between four steel steel columns and the upper loading plate being parallel to each other and lower carrying is installedPlate；The lower loading plate upper surface is equipped with reparation slot by angle steel fixing device, repair two sides inside slot respectively pass through one piece everyPlate is separated out anode chamber, cathode chamber, repairs the region placed between two pieces of partitions in slot for trying soil, distinguishes on two pieces of partitionsEquipped with aperture, anode plate and cathode plate are separately installed in anode chamber and cathode chamber；Slot front side wall Middle face is repaired along level sidePress gaging hole to row's voltage gaging hole and a round is equipped with, anode chamber, cathode chamber side wall on be also equipped with overflow port；It is held on describedSupport plate center is provided with circular hole, and circular hole is interior to be equipped with a force transmission shaft by bearing arrangement, and force transmission shaft bottom end is hinged with one piece and protrudes intoThe pressure plare in slot is repaired, force transmission shaft upper end is equipped with weight tray, is stacked with several counterweights, weight tray and upper carrying thereonDisplacement meter is connected between plate；Loading frame bottom is equipped with the level(l)ing device for being mounted on steel steel column bottom.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
It is 25% that percent opening is respectively equipped on two pieces of partitions, and diameter is the aperture of 5mm, and on the two sidewalls of every piece of partitionPost the filter paper for stopping soil particle to pass through.
It repairs slot and pressure plare is all made of organic glass material, reparation slot inside dimension is 400mm × 200mm × 200mm,Size inside anode chamber, cathode chamber is 50mm × 200mm × 200mm, and reparation cell wall thickness is 10mm, block board thickness 5mm.
Electrolyte is filled in anode chamber and cathode chamber, anode plate and cathode plate use stainless steel material, and pass through copper conductorCircuit is connected into DC power supply and ammeter.
Spacing between adjacent two voltage gaging hole is equal, and the spacing between adjacent two pore pressures gaging hole is equal.
The bearing that the bearing arrangement uses is cylindrical bearing.
Angle steel fixing device includes four angle steel, and four angle steel will repair four angle bandings of trench bottom respectively, two neighboringIt is fixedly connected between angle steel by split bolt.
Force transmission shaft bottom end structure hemispherical, pressure plare upper surface center are provided with recessed with hemispherical configuration cooperationSlot.
Repair the graduation mark for indicating 0-150mm on the side wall of slot vertically.
The measuring method of a kind of load consolidation and electronic collaboration remediating heavy metal ionic soil soil, specifically includes following stepIt is rapid:
Step 1: configuration heavy metal polluted soil: heavy metal solution of the configuration containing Cu2+ ion selects heavy metal free ionThe kaolin of pollution manually mixes and stirs the Cu2+ ionic soil for being configured to that Cu2+ ion concentration is 1500mg/kg, moisture content is 65%Soil；The layering of configured Polluted Soil is filled between two pieces of partitions in reparation slot and is placed in the region for trying soil, is squeezed closeBubble removing is removed in fact；
Step 2: adding anolyte in anode chamber: the KCL solution of 0.1mol/l adds yin in cathode chamber 13Pole electrolyte: the citric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, whole system is still aging for 24 hours；Use copper conductor 22 by anode plate, yin laterPole plate, DC power supply and ammeter are connected into circuit, are powered 5 days, wherein voltage gradient is constant is set as 1V/cm；
Step 3: using load classification pressuring method on weight tray plus counterweight, and according to 12.5kPa, 15kPa,20kPa, 25kPa, 30kPa set gradually load；When Polluted Soil height change reaches 0.01mm per hour after every grade of load pressurization,As stability criterion, next stage load pressurization can be carried out；
Step 4: Timing measurement pollutes the Ph value of soil sample in third step load classification pressure process；It is surveyed by voltageThe voltage drop of hole measurement whole process；The pore pressure change of gaging hole is measured by pore pressure gaging hole；The sedimentation of Polluted Soil is measured by displacement meterAmount；Changed by ammeter record current；Collect the water being discharged from voltage gaging hole and pore pressure gaging hole and measurement；
Step 5: after the test, closing DC power supply, removing load counterweight, Polluted Soil will be repaired and put down in the horizontal directionFive sections are divided into, measures Cu2+ ion remaval rate, pH value in every section of Polluted Soil respectively；
Step 6: each section of Polluted Soil divided in the 5th step is measured its shearing strength by direct shear test respectively, obtainRelationship between Cu2+ ion remaval rate and shearing strength.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Intensity and change cannot be measured by sampling since moisture content is too high in the soil body after repairing the present invention provides a kind of solutionThe device and its measuring method of shape, the device of the invention is compact-sized, reasonable, easy to operate, to soil in the whole process of electro reclamationBody applies vertical load, under the synergistic effect of horizontal component of electric field driving force and vertical load pressure, reaches while removing weight in soilThe purpose of metal ion and soil body Settlement Consolidation, soil meets the requirement of measurement mechanical strength and deformation after reparation, meanwhile, this hairIt is bright to also have the advantage that
Pressure plare of the present invention and reparation slot are organic glass material, avoid impacting the conduction of experiment；
Anode chamber, cathode chamber and soil of the present invention prevent from posting filter paper on the partition between placement region, prevent soilGrain enters in yin, yang pole room；The solution discharge that overflow port of the invention facilitates yin, yang pole room extra；
It repairs and indicates scale in groove sidewall, the deflection for the soil body being loaded can directly be read from scale, can also basisDisplacement meter measures；
It is hemispheric contact between force transmission shaft and pressure plare of the present invention, upper loading plate is by cylindrical bearing to force transmission shaftDirection, which is adjusted, plays the role of being vertically directed, and guarantees the vertical transmitting of pressure；
It is installed on the lower loading plate of loading frame of the present invention by angle steel fixing device and repairs slot, prevent loading procedure bracket grooveBody shifts；Vertical loading device is installed, upper and lower loading plate is supported by steel column and fixed, and branch is improved on upper loading plateThe stability and support strength of support structure；
Level(l)ing device of the invention guarantees that repairing slot and loading device keeps horizontal, is conducive to moisture content in Polluted SoilIt is longitudinal to be precipitated.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, force transmission shaft；2, counterweight；3, weight tray；4, bearing arrangement；5, displacement meter；6, lower loading plate；7, cylinderBearing；8, pressure plare；9, overflow port；10, anode plate；11, anode chamber；12, cathode plate；13, cathode chamber；14, the fixed dress of angle steelIt sets；15, slot is repaired；16, pore pressure gaging hole；17, voltage gaging hole；18, steel column；19, level(l)ing device；20, DC power supply；21, ammeter；22, copper conductor；23, upper loading plate；24, partition.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the load consolidation of the present embodiment and the device of electronic collaboration repairing heavy metal pollution soil, including loadFrame, structure are as follows: including four steel steel columns 18, interval is equipped with mutual put down along the vertical direction between four steel steel columns 18Capable upper loading plate 23 and lower loading plate 6；Lower 6 upper surface of loading plate is equipped with by angle steel fixing device 14 and repairs slot 15, is repairedMultiple 15 inside two sides of slot respectively pass through one piece of partition 24 and are separated out anode chamber 11, cathode chamber 13, repair in slot 15 two pieces of partitions 24 itBetween to place the region for trying soil, on two pieces of partitions 24 be respectively equipped with aperture, installed respectively in anode chamber 11 and cathode chamber 13There are anode plate 10 and cathode plate 12；It repairs 15 front side wall Middle face of slot and is equipped with row's voltage gaging hole 17 and a round in the horizontal directionPress gaging hole 16, anode chamber 11, cathode chamber 13 side wall on be also equipped with overflow port 9；Upper 23 center of loading plate is provided with circular hole, circular holeInterior to be equipped with a force transmission shaft 1 by bearing arrangement 4,1 bottom end of force transmission shaft is hinged with one piece and protrudes into the pressure plare repaired in slot 158,1 upper end of force transmission shaft is equipped with weight tray 3, is stacked with several counterweights 2 thereon, connects between weight tray 3 and upper loading plate 23There is displacement meter 5；Loading frame bottom is equipped with the level(l)ing device 19 for being mounted on 18 bottom of steel steel column.
It is 25% that percent opening is respectively equipped on two pieces of partitions 24, and diameter is the aperture of 5mm, and two sides of every piece of partition 24The filter paper for stopping soil particle to pass through is posted on wall.
Repair slot 15 and pressure plare 8 and be all made of organic glass material, reparations 15 inside dimension of slot for 400mm × 200mm ×200mm, the size inside anode chamber 11, cathode chamber 13 is 50mm × 200mm × 200mm, and reparation 15 wall thickness of slot is 10mm, everyPlate 24 is with a thickness of 5mm.
Electrolyte is filled in anode chamber 11 and cathode chamber 13, anode plate 10 and cathode plate 12 use stainless steel material, and lead toIt crosses copper conductor 22 and DC power supply 20 and ammeter 21 is connected into circuit.
Spacing between adjacent two voltage gaging hole 17 is equal, and the spacing between adjacent two pore pressures gaging hole 16 is equal.
The bearing that bearing arrangement 4 uses is cylindrical bearing 7.
Angle steel fixing device 14 includes four angle steel, and four angle steel will repair slot 15 bottom four angle banding respectively, adjacentIt is fixedly connected between two angle steel by split bolt.
1 bottom end of force transmission shaft structure hemispherical, 8 upper surface center of pressure plare are provided with the groove with hemispherical configuration cooperation.
Repair the graduation mark for indicating 0-150mm on the side wall of slot 15 vertically.
The level(l)ing device of 18 bottommost of steel column, including adjusting knob and horizontal ruler, can by adjusting knob andThe position of bubble in horizontal ruler is observed to determine whether level.
Embodiment one: a kind of load consolidation of the present embodiment and the measurement side of electronic collaboration remediating heavy metal ionic soil soilMethod: the following steps are included:
(1) soil of configuration simulation heavy metal pollution: heavy metal solution of the configuration containing copper ion, human configuration Cu2+FromThe Polluted Soil of son selects the kaolin of no heavy metal ion pollution, manually mixes and stirs and be configured to Cu2+Ion concentration is 1500mg/Kg, the copper ion Polluted Soil that moisture content is 65%；The layering of configured Polluted Soil is filled with to repairing in slot 15, dense extrusion is goneBubble removing；
(2) anolyte in anode chamber 11 is the KCL solution of 0.1mol/l, and the catholyte in cathode chamber 13 isThe citric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, it is before energization that whole system is still aging for 24 hours；
Anode plate 10, cathode plate 12, DC power supply 20 and ammeter 21 are together in series with copper conductor 22, voltage gradient is permanentSurely it is set as 1V/cm, is powered 5 days；
(3) on weight tray 3 plus counterweight 2, using classification load pressurization, and according to 12.5kPa, 15kPa, 20kPa,25kPa, 30kPa are incremented by successively；When Polluted Soil height change reaches 0.01mm per hour after every grade of application pressure, marked as stablizingStandard can carry out next stage load application；
(4) the Ph value of Timing measurement pollution soil sample, whole voltage drop is measured by voltage gaging hole 17, is surveyed by pore pressureHole 16 measures the pore pressure change of gaging hole, and the settling amount of Polluted Soil is read by the reading of displacement meter 5, collect from voltage gaging hole 17 andThe water being discharged in pore pressure gaging hole 16 and measurement；
(5) after the test, power supply is closed, load is removed, analysis is measured to test data: repairing the dirt in slot 15Contaminate the vertical settling amount of soil for 71.3mm, without volume change in horizontal direction, in the horizontal direction by reparation slot 15 Polluted SoilFive sections (every section of 6cm long) are equally divided into, measure the removal rate of heavy metal ion in every section of Polluted Soil respectively: close to anode chamber 11The Cu of first segment and second segment Polluted Soil2+Ion remaval rate is respectively 91.2% and 85.7%, the Cu of third section2+Ion remavalRate is 74.3%, and the removal rate close to the 4th and the 5th section of Polluted Soil of cathode chamber 13 is respectively 69.9% and 58.7%, overallRemoval rate is 72.5%, can be by the Cu of the overwhelming majority by electro reclamation2+Ion is discharged from Polluted Soil.Each section of soil body simultaneouslyPH variation range it is little, soil is integrally in acid.The trend being gradually increased, pH are presented from anode chamber 11 to cathode chamber 13 for pH valueThe range of value is 2.7-7.1, close to the 5th section of Polluted Soil pH value highest of cathode chamber 13；In whole experiment process, electric current is presented10h or so first rises when beginning, then slowly declines finally stabilised trend, and the current range entirely tested is 120mA-65mA。
(6) each section of Polluted Soil after reparation is measured into its shearing strength by direct shear test respectively, with preprosthetic mudState is compared, and shearing strength improves a lot, wherein is in positive between removal of heavy metal ions rate and the raising of shearing strengthIt closes, the shearing strength close to anode chamber 11 is higher than the shearing strength close to cathode chamber 13.From first segment to the 5th section of pollutionNative shearing strength is respectively as follows: 127.3kPa, 110.8kPa, 107.3kPa, 95.3kPa, 89.6kPa.
Embodiment two: a kind of load consolidation of the present embodiment and the measurement side of electronic collaboration remediating heavy metal ionic soil soilMethod: the following steps are included:
(1) soil of configuration simulation heavy metal pollution: heavy metal solution of the configuration containing copper ion, human configuration Cu2+FromThe Polluted Soil of son selects the kaolin of no heavy metal ion pollution, manually mixes and stirs and be configured to Cu2+Ion concentration is 1500mg/Kg, the copper ion Polluted Soil that moisture content is 65%；The layering of configured Polluted Soil is filled with to repairing in slot 15, dense extrusion is goneBubble removing；
(2) anolyte in anode chamber 11 is the KCL solution of 0.1mol/l, and the catholyte in cathode chamber 13 isThe citric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, it is before energization that whole system is still aging for 24 hours；
Anode plate 10, cathode plate 12, DC power supply 20 and ammeter 21 are together in series with copper conductor 22, voltage gradient is permanentSurely it is set as 1.5V/cm, is powered 5 days；
(3) on weight tray 3 plus counterweight 2, using classification load pressurization, and according to 12.5kPa, 15kPa, 20kPa,25kPa, 30kPa are incremented by successively；When Polluted Soil height change reaches 0.01mm per hour after every grade of application pressure, marked as stablizingStandard can carry out next stage load application；
(4) the Ph value of Timing measurement pollution soil sample, whole voltage drop is measured by voltage gaging hole 17, is surveyed by pore pressureHole 16 measures the pore pressure change of gaging hole, and the settling amount of Polluted Soil is read by the reading of displacement meter 5, collect from voltage gaging hole 17 andThe water being discharged in pore pressure gaging hole 16 and measurement；
(5) after the test, power supply is closed, load is removed, analysis is measured to test data: repairing the dirt in slot 15Contaminate the vertical settling amount of soil for 74.7mm, without volume change in horizontal direction, in the horizontal direction by reparation slot 15 Polluted SoilFive sections (every section of 6cm long) are equally divided into, measure the removal rate of heavy metal ion in every section of Polluted Soil respectively: close to anode chamber 11The Cu2+ ion remaval rate of first segment and second segment Polluted Soil is respectively 97.2% and 90.5%, the Cu2+ ion remaval of third sectionRate is 80.4%, and the removal rate close to the 4th and the 5th section of Polluted Soil of cathode chamber 13 is respectively 77.5% and 70.6%, overallRemoval rate is 85.2%, the Cu2+ ion of the overwhelming majority can be discharged from Polluted Soil by electro reclamation.Each section of soil simultaneouslyThe pH variation range of body is little, and soil is integrally in acid.The trend being gradually increased is presented from anode chamber 11 to cathode chamber 13 for pH value,The range of pH value is 2.2-6.7, close to the 5th section of Polluted Soil pH value highest of cathode chamber 13；
In whole experiment process, electric current is presented 10h or so when starting and first rises, then slowly decline it is finally stabilised becomeGesture, the current range entirely tested are 158mA~88mA.
(6) each section of Polluted Soil after reparation is measured into its shearing strength by direct shear test respectively, with preprosthetic mudState is compared, and shearing strength improves a lot, wherein is in positive between removal of heavy metal ions rate and the raising of shearing strengthIt closes, the shearing strength close to anode chamber 11 is higher than the shearing strength close to cathode chamber 13.From first segment to the 5th section of pollutionNative shearing strength is respectively as follows: 138.5kPa, 114.38kPa, 109.7kPa, 98.6kPa, 98.1kPa.
Reparation slot 15 of the invention is waled by angle steel, and the lateral pressure in load is prevented to be squeezed and deformed organic glass,During electro reclamation, voltage drop that can be whole come real-time measurement experiment by voltage gaging hole 17, while the soil body also byTo load consolidation, by pore pressure gaging hole 16 come the variation of the real time measure pore pressure, displacement meter 5 can also reflect decrement in real timeSize；
The present invention greatly reduces pollution by above-mentioned implementation process by above-mentioned reparation and continuous mode, the present inventionThe content of beary metal and moisture content of soil, while new preparation and survey are provided for the test soil in the experiment of Polluted Soil electro reclamationDetermine method.
Above description is explanation of the invention, is not intended to limit the invention, and limited range of the present invention is referring to rightIt is required that within protection scope of the present invention, any type of modification can be made.