Method for early warning for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ground long-term settlement method for early warning, it is suitable for ground caused by the highly dense area's metro operation in cityFace long-term settlement early warning belongs to city tunnel engineering field and Urban geological disaster prevention field.
Background technique
City underground is the backbone of urban public transport, and the volume of the flow of passengers is big, is the lifeline engineering in city, its safety fortuneBattalion is directly related to the personal safety and property safety of passenger.By the end of the year 2017, totally 31 cities have been opened for CONTINENTAL AREA OF CHINALogical subway, operating line total length 4407km see that nearly 90% operation mileage is concentrated in Beijing with the city distribution of operated subwayThe highly dense area in city in saliva Ji, the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta group of cities.It puts into effect after 16a to Shanghai Da Pulu cross-river tunnelLong-term settlement carries out its long-term settlement increment of studies have shown that and reaches 120mm, and No. 4 lines of Osaka, Japan subway terminate in constructionSedimentation value reaches 50mm after 500d, therefore, metro operation for a period of time after, due to foundation soil caused by by vibration loads of train shakeIt falls into, the consolidation deformation that tunnel construction phase foundation soil is unfinished, the intensive buildings or structures of tunnel nearby sphere, stratum locating for tunnelThe influence of the factors such as SEA LEVEL VARIATION will lead to ground long-term settlement.Ground long-term settlement is a more slow mistakeJourney, but the accumulative meeting of prolonged sedimentation generates great adverse effect to the normal operation of subway and using safe, such as causes tunnelPercolating water, tunnel slot and damage jeopardize neighbouring buildings or structures, pile foundation and underground utilities, and seriously affect the flat of trackIt is pliable, increase the interaction force of wheel rail system, increase the vibration of tunnel structure, influences to build close to subway tunnel or its topVibration and the noise for building object, influence the riding comfort of passenger.
The ground long-term settlement early warning of city highly dense area's metro operation phase is different from city low-density building area, cityThe regions such as suburb.The highly dense area in city is the commercial center in entire city, financial trade centre, recreation center, cultural center, isThe Rendezvous Point of the city stream of people, the project that need to be monitored is more, including buildings or structures, pipeline, bridge along foundation pit main structure, subwayDeng, and subway linearly moves towards the characteristics of being distributed, to determine that its monitoring distance is long, early warning difficulty is big.The existing metro operation phaseFace settles pre-alarming system, and there are limitations, such as only consider accumulative settling amount, the rate of settling to the characterization of sedimentation, cannot embody groundThe distributed in three dimensions of face long-term settlement, and China's metro industry related specifications also lack specific ground long-term settlement classification classification in advanceAlert index system is difficult accurately to determine the deformation coverage of subway operational area ground long-term settlement, these all give city heightThe Earth Subsidence Hazards prevention and treatment of compact district brings certain difficulty.Therefore, a kind of quantification, systematization, intelligentized pre- is neededAlert technology is sunk with carrying out metro operation phase ground long-term settlement study of warning for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground in city for a long timeIt drops diaster prevention and control and early warning provides decision information, effectively prevent urban ground long-term settlement disaster.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide be used for the highly dense area's metro operation in cityThe method for early warning of phase ground long-term settlement, this method have the characteristics that quantification, operability and practicability, representative, can be fromThe comprehensive reflection of different angles and the superiority and inferiority degree for monitoring metro operation phase ground long-term settlement are realized with few as far as possible pre-The long-term settlement amount on alert index reflection metro operation phase ground.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method for early warning for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city, this method include following stepIt is rapid:
Firstly, it is based on domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement case work,Carry out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning factor analysis in city；
Second, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system of design city constructs principle；
Third, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system framework design in city；
4th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index data acquisition in city, including ground are long-termSettle qualitative index acquisition, the acquisition of ground long-term settlement quantitative target；
5th, based on bases such as domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement casesData use rate method using index, carry out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system primary election in city,Screening；
6th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city is established, including regionallyFace settles index, metro operation index, Engineering Disturbance index；
7th, calculate the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index weight in city；
8th, establish the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning grade scale in city；
9th, establish the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement Early-warning Model in city；
Finally, carrying out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning application in city.
It is described, it is based on domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement case work,The highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning factor analysis in city is carried out, the highly dense area's metro operation in city is summarizedCausing the influence factor of ground long-term settlement mainly has: metro operation load, Tunnel Water Leakage, surface buildings load, along the lineGeological conditions, constructing tunnel disturbance, the surface subsidence of urban area property.
Second, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system of design city constructs principle, mainlyInclude: scientific, operability and practicability, combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, representativeness and comprehensive, scientifically reflects as far as possibleThe whole overview of evaluation goal makes pre-warning indexes system become an organic whole, as anti-with warning index few as far as possible as possibleReflect the comprehensive reflection and to measure metro operation phase ground long from different angles as far as possible of the long-term settlement amount on metro operation phase groundThe superiority and inferiority degree of phase sedimentation, index does not occur and lose and deviation.
Third, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system framework design in city, mainlyIt is the ability that can solve complicated decision-making problems using level hierarchical system structure, with establishing city highly dense area's metro operation phaseThe progressive hierarchy Model of face long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system, to make it clearly to reflect the highly dense area's subway in cityThe relationship each other of each related early warning factor of operation phase ground long-term settlement.
4th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index data acquisition in city, including ground are long-termSettle qualitative index acquisition, the acquisition of ground long-term settlement quantitative target.Long-term settlement qualitative index acquisition in ground mainly usesField investigation and Experts consultation method carry out Forewarn evaluation for the importance rate of qualitative index, are divided into 5 grades, in which: 1 representsExtremely important (5 points), 2 represent important (4 points), and 3 represent general important (3 points), and 4 represent not too important (2 points), and 5 representVery inessential (1 point).Ground long-term settlement quantitative target acquisition mainly carry out nondimensionalize method, rather than be used directly intoRow early warning.
5th, based on bases such as domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement casesData use rate method using index, carry out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system primary election in city,Screening.Existing metro operation causes the influence factor of ground long-term settlement mainly to have: metro operation load, Tunnel Water Leakage,Table building load, along the line geological conditions, constructing tunnel disturbance, the surface subsidence of urban area property.Existing research is all single grindStudy carefully influence of these influence factors to tunnel ground long-term settlement, is unable to various dimensions and accurately reacts the highly dense area's metro operation in cityThe magnitude of phase ground long-term settlement lacks the pre-warning indexes system and early warning body established and be directed to metro operation phase ground long-term settlementSystem.For comprehensively, objectively early warning metro operation phase ground long-term settlement, be based on above 6 influence factors, by field research andQuestionnaire survey, it is believed that Yao Jianli various dimensions accurately react the warning index of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in citySystem, it is necessary to from the aspect of regional surface subsidence index, metro operation index and Engineering Disturbance index etc. three, mainly examineConsider maximum ground settling amount, average ground settlement, maximum long-term settlement rate, geological conditions, maximum tunnel subsidence amount, averageTunnel subsidence amount, Tunnel Water Leakage degree, metro operation load, surface buildings concentration, neighbouring engineering construction disturb journey12 indexs such as degree, constructing tunnel level of disruption, surface buildings load.
6th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city is established, including regionallyFace settles index, metro operation index, Engineering Disturbance index.The step mainly use field investigation and Experts consultation method andAHP method is comprehensive to determine pre-warning indexes system, and steps are as follows:
(1) field investigation and Experts consultation method
12 just fixed warning index importance rates are assessed based on field investigation and Experts consultation method, are divided into 5Grade, in which: I represents extremely important (5 points), and II represents important (4 points), and III represents general important (3 points), and IV represents lessImportant (2 points), V represents very inessential (1 point).It is pre- according to the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in the city of primary electionAlert index uses rate, and when using rate for 100%, warning index is directlyed adopt, such as geological conditions；When the rate of use is less than 30%When, warning index does not use, such as metro operation load, surface buildings load；Other are both needed to carry out importance using rate indexGrade assessment.
(2) AHP method
It is assessed based on the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index in city of the AHP method to primary election,The primary election pre-warning indexes system hierarchical structure and primary election warning index weight sequencing of foundation.
(3) building of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city
Rate method, comprehensive field investigation and Experts consultation method and AHP method are used based on index, it is excellent from each warning indexIt selects to the most contributive variable of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city, according to the principle that general character is promoted, choosingTake it as the warning index of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city, the highly dense area's subway fortune in the city of foundationBattalion's phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system.
Forecasting criterion layer is defined as follows:
Regional surface subsidence index characterization metro operation region causes surface layer soil body pressure by natural cause and human factorThe environmental geology phenomenon for contracting and ground elevation being caused slowly to reduce.
Metro operation index characterization metro operation region recycles dynamic load to the shadow of tunnel structure by what train operation generatedIt rings.
The influence that Engineering Disturbance index characterization metro operation area peripheral edge engineering activity locally settles the soil body and tunnel.
Warning index layer is defined as follows:
Maximum ground settling amount, is characterized in natural cause and human factor acts on lower metro operation region surface layer soil body compressionDeformation reaches maximum vertical deflection when stabilization by consolidation, unit mm.
Maximum long-term settlement rate characterizes long-term settlement amount of the metro operation region surface layer soil body within the unit time, singlePosition mm/a.
Geological conditions characterizes metro operation region various geologic(al) factors influential on ground long-term settlement.
Maximum tunnel subsidence amount, characterization recycle tunnel largest settlement caused by dynamic load, unit mm as train.
Tunnel Water Leakage degree, characterization tunnel are influenced to make tunnel by underground water, stratum and Vehicular vibration in useStructure crack misplaces and country rock underground water or surface water is caused to enter the leak magnitude in tunnel.
Surface buildings concentration characterizes the aggregation of metro operation region surface buildings or structures spatial distributionDegree.
Constructing tunnel level of disruption, the construction of characterization metro operation region tunneling shield or mining method construction are to the soil body and tunnelThe influence degree locally settled.
7th, calculate the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index weight in city, ground long-term settlementWarning index weight calculation step are as follows:
(1) hierarchical structure model is established.
(2) Judgement Matricies and assignment, calculate warning index layer weight coefficient.
Based on the above analysis, the warning index factor for influencing the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city is proposedIt should successively sort in terms of regional surface subsidence, metro operation, Engineering Disturbance three by the sequence of weight size.
8th, establish the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning grade scale in city.Main foundation ZhejiangSave accumulative ground settlement grade scale, the rate of settling of Tianjin divides surface subsidence risk standard, Beijing place markQuasi- " subway engineering monitoring and measuring technology regulation ", Shanghai City implement at present " subway is protected in construction along subway in ShanghaiTechnical management temporary provisions " etc. the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement status in current cities, formulate city it is highly denseArea metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index grade scale.
It, can be by the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning in city point in conjunction with related research resultFor three-level, i.e., 1,2,3, characterization risk is small respectively, risk is medium, risk is big, the highly dense area's subway fortune in the city of foundationBattalion's phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning grade scale is as shown in table 9.
9th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement Early-warning Model in city is established, mainly includes four steps:1. establishing the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city；2. calculating the highly dense area's subway fortune in cityThe normalized value of each warning index of battalion's phase ground long-term settlement；3. calculating the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityThe weight coefficient of each warning index；4. calculating the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning index in citySWI(Long-term settlement warning system index).With this method to the highly dense area's subway in cityWhen operation phase ground long-term settlement risk carries out grade early warning, emphasis is to choose reasonable warning index and accurate, rationallyDetermine the weight coefficient of each warning index.Its model of alarming index are as follows:
In formula, SWI refers to the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning index in city；FiRefer to i-thThe value of index；ωiRefer to the weight of i-th index.
Finally, carrying out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning application in city.With No. 1 line of Hangzhou SubwayFor martial arts circles, station, square-way station, Dingan County section.The section include martial arts circles, station, square, Feng Qi way station, Long Xiangqiao station, way station, Dingan County,2.8 kilometers of overall length.The survey region is the largest commercial street in Hangzhou, and Yan'an road is by three commercial circles maximum in Hangzhou(business circles, martial arts circles, lakeside business circles, Wu Shan business circles) are together in series, populous, road be distributed on both sides of the road Hangzhou mansion,Numerous Important building groups such as Yin Tai general merchandise martial arts circles shop, Hangzhou department store, the square GDA.Based on the above feature, in conjunction with foundationPre-warning indexes system is acquired the ground long-term settlement warning index value in research area, including maximum ground settling amount (mm),Maximum long-term settlement rate (mm/d), geological conditions, maximum tunnel subsidence amount (mm), Tunnel Water Leakage degree, surface buildingsConcentration, constructing tunnel level of disruption.Then according to model of alarming index, early warning is carried out to the data in research area, to early warningConclusion is analyzed, and is mainly added up ground settlement this index with single application and is applied Zhejiang Province's surface subsidence risk pointGrade table early warning surface subsidence and single application surface subsidence rate this index apply land subsidence in Tianjin grade of riskThe existing standards such as table early warning surface subsidence compare and analyze.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The amount that 1. there are the method for the present invention various dimensions precisely to react the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityThe characteristics of value: more fingers including various dimensions such as regional surface subsidence index, metro operation index, Engineering Disturbance indexs are establishedThe highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in target city, avoids single application from adding up ground settlementOr the forewarning index ground such as single application surface subsidence rate long-term settlement bring security risk.
2. the method for the present invention has warning grade precision high, it is long that quantification expresses the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground in cityThe warning grade of phase sedimentation, can from different angles the highly dense commercial center, area of comprehensive reflection, financial trade centre, in amusementMetro operation under all kinds of factor coupling influences such as the heart, cultural center causes the superiority and inferiority degree of ground long-term settlement amount.
3. the method for the present invention has the characteristics that applicability is wide, it is strong to operate: the metro operation phase ground long-term settlement of propositionIndex in pre-warning indexes system all has typicalness, fully considers the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pair in cityThe specific features of elephant, and the very convenient engineers and technicians of indices within the metro operation live short time quickly to eachSurface subsidence index obtain and assignment quantization, scientifically reflects the global regularity of metro operation phase ground long-term settlement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is early warning process of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in citySchematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is warning index of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityThe progressive hierarchy Model of system.
Fig. 3 is warning index of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityUsing rate.
Fig. 4 is warning index of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in citySystem primary election.
Fig. 5 is warning index of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityImportance classification.
Fig. 6 is the first of foundation of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in citySelect pre-warning indexes system hierarchical structure.
Fig. 7 is primary election early warning of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityIndex weights sequence.
Fig. 8 is the pre- of foundation of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityAlert index system.
Fig. 9 is warning index of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in citySystem hierarchical structure model.
Figure 10 is rule layer of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityThe judgment matrix of~destination layer.
Figure 11 is indicator layer of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city~regionality surface subsidence index rule layer judgment matrix.
Figure 12 is indicator layer of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city~metro operation index rule layer judgment matrix.
Figure 13 is indicator layer of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city~Engineering Disturbance index rule layer judgment matrix.
Figure 14 is that early warning of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city refers toMark the weight coefficient of layer.
Figure 15 is that early warning of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city refers toMark grade scale.
Figure 16 is that ground of the present invention for the method for early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city is longPhase settles risk early warning grade scale.
Figure 17 is that method for early warning long-term of the present invention for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city is sunkWarning index value acquisition tables drop.
Figure 18 is that method for early warning long-term of the present invention for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city is sunkPre-alarming system early warning is dropped.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
With shown in Fig. 1~Figure 18, a kind of method for early warning for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city,Method includes the following steps: firstly, being sunk for a long time based on domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international groundCase work is dropped, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning factor analysis in city is carried out；Second, design city is highCompact district metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system constructs principle；Third, city highly dense area's metro operation phaseGround long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system framework design；4th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityThe acquisition of warning index data, including the acquisition of ground long-term settlement qualitative index, the acquisition of ground long-term settlement quantitative target；5th,Based on basic datas such as domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement cases, using indexUsing rate method, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system primary election in city, screening are carried out；6th, it buildsThe vertical highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city, including regional surface subsidence index, subwayOperation indicator, Engineering Disturbance index；7th, calculate the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index power in cityWeight；8th, establish the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning grade scale in city；9th, it is highly dense to establish cityCollect area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement Early-warning Model；It sinks for a long time finally, carrying out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground in cityEarly warning application is dropped.
The process that method for early warning for the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city is established is shown in Fig. 1.
Based on domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement case work, city is carried outThe highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning factor analysis in city summarizes the highly dense area's metro operation in city and causes groundThe influence factor of face long-term settlement mainly has: metro operation load, Tunnel Water Leakage, surface buildings load, along the line geology itemPart, constructing tunnel disturbance, the surface subsidence of urban area property.
Second, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system of design city constructs principle, mainlyInclude: scientific, operability and practicability, combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, representativeness and comprehensive, scientifically reflects as far as possibleThe whole overview of evaluation goal makes pre-warning indexes system become an organic whole, as anti-with warning index few as far as possible as possibleReflect the comprehensive reflection and to measure metro operation phase ground long from different angles as far as possible of the long-term settlement amount on metro operation phase groundThe superiority and inferiority degree of phase sedimentation, index does not occur and lose and deviation.
Third, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system framework design in city, mainlyIt is the ability that can solve complicated decision-making problems using level hierarchical system structure, with establishing city highly dense area's metro operation phaseThe progressive hierarchy Model (see Fig. 2) of face long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system, to make it clearly to reflect that city is highly denseCollect the relationship each other of each related early warning factor of area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement.
4th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index data acquisition in city, including ground are long-termSettle qualitative index acquisition, the acquisition of ground long-term settlement quantitative target.Long-term settlement qualitative index acquisition in ground mainly usesField investigation and Experts consultation method carry out Forewarn evaluation for the importance rate of qualitative index, are divided into 5 grades, in which: 1 representsExtremely important (5 points), 2 represent important (4 points), and 3 represent general important (3 points), and 4 represent not too important (2 points), and 5 representVery inessential (1 point).Ground long-term settlement quantitative target acquisition mainly carry out nondimensionalize method, rather than be used directly intoRow early warning.
5th, based on bases such as domestic and international ground long-term settlement specification, expert investigation, domestic and international ground long-term settlement casesData use rate method using index, carry out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system primary election in city,Screening.Existing metro operation causes the influence factor of ground long-term settlement mainly to have: metro operation load, Tunnel Water Leakage,Table building load, along the line geological conditions, constructing tunnel disturbance, the surface subsidence of urban area property.Existing research is all single grindStudy carefully influence of these influence factors to tunnel ground long-term settlement, is unable to various dimensions and accurately reacts the highly dense area's metro operation in cityThe magnitude of phase ground long-term settlement lacks the pre-warning indexes system and early warning body established and be directed to metro operation phase ground long-term settlementSystem.For comprehensively, objectively early warning metro operation phase ground long-term settlement, be based on above 6 influence factors, by field research andQuestionnaire survey (as shown in Figure 3), it is believed that Yao Jianli various dimensions accurately react the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground in city and sink for a long timeThe pre-warning indexes system of drop, it is necessary to from tripartites such as regional surface subsidence index, metro operation index and Engineering Disturbance indexsFace considers, main to consider maximum ground settling amount, average ground settlement, maximum long-term settlement rate, geological conditions, maximum tunnelRoad settling amount, average tunnel subsidence amount, Tunnel Water Leakage degree, metro operation load, surface buildings concentration, neighbouring work12 indexs such as journey construction disturbance degree, constructing tunnel level of disruption, surface buildings load.The city tentatively established is highly denseArea metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system is as shown in Figure 4.
6th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city is established, including regionallyFace settles index, metro operation index, Engineering Disturbance index.The step mainly use field investigation and Experts consultation method andAHP method is comprehensive to determine pre-warning indexes system, and steps are as follows:
(1) field investigation and Experts consultation method
12 just fixed warning index importance rates are assessed based on field investigation and Experts consultation method, are divided into 5Grade, in which: I represents extremely important (5 points), and II represents important (4 points), and III represents general important (3 points), and IV represents lessImportant (2 points), V represents very inessential (1 point).It is pre- according to the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in the city of primary electionAlert index uses rate, and when using rate for 100%, warning index is directlyed adopt, such as geological conditions；When the rate of use is less than 30%When, warning index does not use, such as metro operation load, surface buildings load；Other are both needed to carry out importance using rate indexGrade assessment.The highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning in city is extremely important (5 points), important index(4 points) (index uses rate >=40%) sees Fig. 5.
(2) AHP method
It is assessed based on the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index in city of the AHP method to primary election,The primary election pre-warning indexes system hierarchical structure of foundation is as shown in fig. 6, primary election warning index weight sequencing is as shown in Figure 7.
(3) building of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city
Rate method, comprehensive field investigation and Experts consultation method and AHP method are used based on index, it is excellent from each warning indexIt selects to the most contributive variable of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city, according to the principle that general character is promoted, choosingTake it as the warning index of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in city.The highly dense area's subway fortune in the city of foundationBattalion's phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system is as shown in Figure 8.
Forecasting criterion layer is defined as follows:
Regional surface subsidence index characterization metro operation region causes surface layer soil body pressure by natural cause and human factorThe environmental geology phenomenon for contracting and ground elevation being caused slowly to reduce.
Metro operation index characterization metro operation region recycles dynamic load to the shadow of tunnel structure by what train operation generatedIt rings.
The influence that Engineering Disturbance index characterization metro operation area peripheral edge engineering activity locally settles the soil body and tunnel.
Warning index layer is defined as follows:
Maximum ground settling amount, is characterized in natural cause and human factor acts on lower metro operation region surface layer soil body compressionDeformation reaches maximum vertical deflection when stabilization by consolidation, unit mm.
Maximum long-term settlement rate characterizes long-term settlement amount of the metro operation region surface layer soil body within the unit time, singlePosition mm/a.
Geological conditions characterizes metro operation region various geologic(al) factors influential on ground long-term settlement.
Maximum tunnel subsidence amount, characterization recycle tunnel largest settlement caused by dynamic load, unit mm as train.
Tunnel Water Leakage degree, characterization tunnel are influenced to make tunnel by underground water, stratum and Vehicular vibration in useStructure crack misplaces and country rock underground water or surface water is caused to enter the leak magnitude in tunnel.
Surface buildings concentration characterizes the aggregation of metro operation region surface buildings or structures spatial distributionDegree.
Constructing tunnel level of disruption, the construction of characterization metro operation region tunneling shield or mining method construction are to the soil body and tunnelThe influence degree locally settled.
7th, calculate the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index weight in city, ground long-term settlementWarning index weight calculation step are as follows:
(1) hierarchical structure model is established, as shown in Figure 9.
(2) Judgement Matricies and assignment, are shown in Figure 10-Figure 13.
Calculated warning index layer weight coefficient is shown in Figure 14.
From the weight map of warning index floor it is found that influencing the early warning of the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityIndex factor in terms of regional surface subsidence, metro operation, Engineering Disturbance three, by weight size sequence successively are as follows:
1. regional surface subsidence index: geological conditions, maximum long-term settlement rate, maximum ground settling amount；
2. metro operation index: maximum tunnel subsidence amount, Tunnel Water Leakage degree；
3. Engineering Disturbance index: surface buildings concentration, constructing tunnel level of disruption.
8th, establish the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning grade scale in city.Main foundation ZhejiangSave accumulative ground settlement grade scale, the rate of settling of Tianjin divides surface subsidence risk standard, Beijing place markQuasi- " subway engineering monitoring and measuring technology regulation ", Shanghai City implement at present " subway is protected in construction along subway in ShanghaiTechnical management temporary provisions " etc. the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement status in current cities, it is highly dense to have formulated cityCollect area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement warning index grade scale, as shown in figure 15.
It, can be by the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning in city point in conjunction with related research resultFor three-level, i.e., 1,2,3, characterization risk is small respectively, risk is medium, risk is big, the highly dense area's subway fortune in the city of foundationBattalion's phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning grade scale is as shown in figure 16.
9th, the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement Early-warning Model in city is established, mainly includes four steps:1. establishing the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement pre-warning indexes system in city；2. calculating the highly dense area's subway fortune in cityThe normalized value of each warning index of battalion's phase ground long-term settlement；3. calculating the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement in cityThe weight coefficient of each warning index；4. calculating the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning index in citySWI(Long-term settlement warning system index).With this method to the highly dense area's subway in cityWhen operation phase ground long-term settlement risk carries out grade early warning, emphasis is to choose reasonable warning index and accurate, rationallyDetermine the weight coefficient of each warning index.Its model of alarming index are as follows:
In formula, SWI refers to the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement risk early warning index in city；FiRefer to i-thThe value of index；ωiRefer to the weight of i-th index.
Finally, carrying out the highly dense area's metro operation phase ground long-term settlement early warning application in city.With No. 1 line of Hangzhou SubwayFor martial arts circles, station, square-way station, Dingan County section.The section include martial arts circles, station, square, Feng Qi way station, Long Xiangqiao station, way station, Dingan County,2.8 kilometers of overall length.The survey region is the largest commercial street in Hangzhou, and Yan'an road is by three commercial circles maximum in Hangzhou(business circles, martial arts circles, lakeside business circles, Wu Shan business circles) are together in series, populous, road be distributed on both sides of the road Hangzhou mansion,Numerous Important building groups such as Yin Tai general merchandise martial arts circles shop, Hangzhou department store, the square GDA.Hangzhou Subway Line 1 martial arts circles of acquisitionSquare station-way station, Dingan County, ground, section long-term settlement warning index value is as shown in figure 17.
According to model of alarming index, early warning is carried out to the data in research area 2016.11, early warning conclusion is as shown in Figure 18.Such asTable it is found that warning grade be in (2 grades), if single application add up this index of ground settlement apply Zhejiang Province's surface subsidenceGrade of risk table early warning surface subsidence, study the Danger Levels of Ground Subsidence in area be it is small, if single application surface subsidenceThis index of rate applies land subsidence in Tianjin grade of risk table early warning surface subsidence, studies the surface subsidence risk in areaClassification is big.Therefore, the pre-alarming system that this research is established more comprehensively reflects the value of research area ground long-term settlement.
This hair can be understood and applied the above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate those skilled in the artIt is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described hereinGeneral Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to implementations hereExample, those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should beWithin protection scope of the present invention.