A kind of air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system and method based on reed artificial larynxTechnical field
The air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system based on reed artificial larynx that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to field of medical technology.
Background technique
If middle and advanced stage laryngocarcinoma involves vocal cords, vocal cords ifs, can not retain, and need row total laryngectomy；And vocal cord vibration and larynx and mouthThe transmitting of airstream vibration between pharynx is language forming process the most basic and important.It loses vocal cords and complete air-flow passesChannel is sent, prevent Laryngectomy patient has seriously affected the quality of life of postoperative patient from autonomous sounding.
Reconstruction for Laryngectomy sounding, the continuous exploratory development of people also fail to find and restore sounding energy completelyThe method of power；It is mainly the following vocal technique at present:
1, esophageal phonation method is in the stage of no mechanical or instrument help, and oesophagus sounding is almost that larynx is cut patient entirely and " saidThe unique channel of words ", the principle of this method are using the pleat of postoperative throat or the introitus oesophagi of constriction as " substituting vocal cords ",The traction force as " substitution vocal cords " is shunk using chest pressure and cricopharyngeus, air column in oesophagus is made to shake by way of belchMovable property gives birth to fundamental tone, then composition language is processed by pharynx, nose, mouth, tongue, lip, tooth.
This method needs patient greatly patience and willpower to receive system as the more original postoperative method of voice productionGuidance admits air into oesophagus and completes subsequent process to master the technique；And the formation of short wind or soft tissue scar is allIt is likely to become the bad condition for hindering sounding.The sound of sending is usually more indistinct discontinuous due to own bodies condition difference.
2, voice reconstruction operation tracheae fistulization: such method is to carry out fistulization suture shape with one section of mucous membrane of esophagus and tracheaeAt the sounding channel of replacement, such method operating difficulty is smaller, but since fistulization size is difficult to control accurately, it is postoperative to oesophagus intoEating channel, there may be obstacles, accidentally inhale the risk of infection in addition, are usually unsuccessfully difficult to reach sounding effect；And for invading rangeThe patient for more extensively needing resection of esophageal, even more cannot achieve.As the improvement of this art formula, replaced with hollow silicone rubber tube by oesophagusThe sounding channel that mucous membrane is formed, improves the success rate of technique to a certain extent, however rubber tube high frequency of replacement, and 1Rubber tube will be replaced by modus operandi within~2 years.
3, external mechanical larynx
(1) reed-type artificial larynx: being the role that reed or rubber membrane are served as to removed vocal cords, is placed in throat laryngocarcinoma artAt after-opening, fundamental tone is generated by the airstream vibration diaphragm of its opening, then be admitted to together with air-flow by the transmission of rubber tubeOral cavity rear portion carries out language processing, generates language.But it also has the limitation of oneself, needs to pacify chaffy box cover and cutsMouth, which fits closely, achievees the effect that flow conductance and vibrating diaphragm, and the patient of laryngocarcinoma total laryngectomy, notch can not be required to reachThe regular notch of same size will lead to gas leakage with cover box stickiness difference, be unable to reach sounding effect.
(2) artificial electronic larynx: being that can issue one the electronics for continuing buzzing and causing tissue vibration using battery as powerDevice is fixed on the more gentle soft position of neck, causes the air concussion of bottleneck throat by shaking tissue to generate sound wave thenOropharynx restructuring language.Such machinery sounding is coherent, can long-time sounding, to postoperative patient physical qualification without particular/special requirement；ButIt needs patient to vacate a hand electronic vibration device is tightly fastened in neck to guarantee smoothly to vibrate throat's air；It need to also send outSynchronous control switch when sound, to mitigate voice and improve the readability of language.And as assist sounding instrument, its cost compared withHeight, many postoperative patient economic conditions are unbearable.
(3) (patent No.: being a kind of improved cyborg 200910090589.8) to air pressure type base frequency-adjusted electronic artificial throatWork larynx does not change during entirely speaking for the tone for the sound that artificial electronic larynx generates, causes artificial electronic larynx languageThe sound disadvantage different with normal voice quality detects the variation of the air pressure at user's fistula mouth in gas hood by air pressure induction partSignal adjusts the fundamental frequency of glottis wave signal caused by artificial electronic larynx in real time.The change of glottis wave fundamental frequency can generate differentTone, to further increase the intelligibility of speech.However, therefore cost is also correspondingly improved, it is difficult to universal.
Summary of the invention
To overcome artificial electronic larynx to involve great expense and reed artificial larynx leads to not due to gas leakage the defect of sounding, this hairIt is bright to devise a kind of air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system based on reed artificial larynx.The technical problems to be solved by the invention areUser's tracheae interior air-flow is substituted by artificially generated air-flow during user speaks, and it is artificial that it is successively passed through reedLarynx and oral cavity rear portion carry out language processing, to generate language.In view of reed artificial larynx is mainly by the stream by its gasAmount and flow velocity driving, therefore the present invention needs to measure the flow and flow rate of user's gas in fistula mouth when speaking.Based on this think ofRoad, the mode that existing air pressure type base frequency-adjusted electronic artificial throat detects gas pressure in fistula mouth are not suitable for reed artificial larynx,It is technically characterized in that a kind of air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system based on reed artificial larynx, including mini type gas sensor, simulationSignal conversion module, Pulse width modulation module, miniature controlled electron air pump, reed artificial larynx, medical gas-guide tube, bandage；It willMini type gas sensor is placed in total laryngectomy opening, is fixedly connected in mini type gas sensor two sides and bandage in neck, micro-Type gas sensor measures the flow velocity and flow signal of eluting gas in fistula mouth, and is translated into analog electrical signal；It will be describedAnalog electrical signal passes to analog signal conversion module, and analog electrical signal is converted to corresponding number by analog signal conversion moduleWord signal；Pulse width modulation module generates corresponding pulse width according to the digital signal modulated of gas flow and flow speed valuePWM wave；Miniature controlled electron air pump is driven to generate according to different pulse widths identical with gas flow in fistula mouth and flow velocityAir-flow, generated miniature controlled electron air pump using medical gas-guide tube is successively passed through spring with identical air-flow in user's fistula mouthPiece artificial larynx and oral cavity carry out language processing to help user's sounding.
A method of the air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system based on reed artificial larynx, the technical solution adopted by the present invention,Its step are as follows:
Step 1: minitype gas flow velocity sensor is placed in total laryngectomy opening, for measuring the fistula of userThe flow velocity and flow signal of eluting gas, can be obtained gas flow and flow velocity in fistula mouth, and be translated into and fistula mouth at mouthfulThe corresponding analog electrical signal of middle gas flow flow velocity；
Step 2: using analog signal (A/D) conversion module by it is described can indicate that user speaks when fistula mouth in gasThe analog electrical signal of flow and flow rate value is converted to corresponding digital signal；
Step 3: Pulse width modulation module can indicate the digital signal modulated of gas flow and flow speed value according toGenerate corresponding pulses width PWM wave；
It is said step 4: the PWM wave drives miniature controlled electron air pump to generate according to different pulse widths with userGas flow rate and the identical air-flow of flow in fistula mouth when words；
Step 5: the miniature controlled electron air pump generated using medical gas-guide tube identical with user's fistula mouthAir-flow is successively passed through reed artificial larynx and oral cavity carries out language processing to help user's sounding.
The present invention relates to the reed artificial larynx that core audible segment uses air stream drives, therefore a kind of bases provided by the inventionThere is low cost in the air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system of reed artificial larynx, durability is good, it not will cause the superinfection of patient,It is applicable in various Laryngectomy patients.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structure chart of the invention
Fig. 2 is working method flow diagram of the invention
It is as shown in the figure: 1, mini type gas sensor；2, analog signal conversion module；3, Pulse width modulation module；4, micro-Type controlled electron air pump；5, reed artificial larynx；6. medical gas-guide tube；7, bandage
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing 1, the present invention will be further described for attached drawing 2, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited toThis.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system based on reed artificial larynx, including mini type gas sensor1, analog signal conversion module 2, Pulse width modulation module 3, miniature controlled electron air pump 4, reed artificial larynx 5, medical air guidePipe 6, bandage 7；Mini type gas sensor 1 is placed at total laryngectomy after-opening, in 1 two sides of mini type gas sensor and bandage 7It is fixedly connected in neck, mini type gas sensor 1 measures the flow velocity and flow signal of eluting gas in fistula mouth, and is convertedFor analog electrical signal；The analog electrical signal is passed into analog signal conversion module 2, by analog signal conversion module 2 by mouldQuasi- electric signal is converted to corresponding digital signal；Pulse width modulation module 3 is according to the digital signal of gas flow and flow speed valueModulation generates corresponding pulse width PWM wave；The miniature generation of controlled electron air pump 4 and fistula are driven according to different pulse widthsGas flow and the identical air-flow of flow velocity in mouthful, generated miniature controlled electron air pump 4 using medical gas-guide tube 6 and userIdentical air-flow is successively passed through reed artificial larynx 5 in fistula mouth and oral cavity carries out language processing to help user's sounding.
A kind of method of the air-flow sounding electronic auxiliary system based on reed artificial larynx as shown in Figure 2, what the present invention usedTechnical solution, its step are as follows:
Step 1: mini type gas sensor 1 is placed in throat total laryngectomy opening, the full larynx for measuring user is cutExcept the flow velocity and flow signal of eluting gas at after-opening, gas flow and flow velocity in fistula mouth can be obtained, and be translated intoAnalog electrical signal corresponding with gas flow flow velocity in fistula mouth；
Step 2: using analog signal conversion module 2 by it is described can indicate that user speaks when fistula mouth in gas flowCorresponding digital signal is converted to the analog electrical signal of flow speed value；
Step 3: Pulse width modulation module 3 is according to the digital signal tune that can indicate gas flow and flow speed valueSystem generates corresponding pulses width PWM wave；
It is said step 4: the PWM wave drives miniature controlled electron air pump 4 to generate according to different pulse widths with userGas flow rate and the identical air-flow of flow in fistula mouth when words；
Step 5: generated the miniature controlled electron air pump 4 using medical gas-guide tube 6 is identical with user's fistula mouthAir-flow be successively passed through reed artificial larynx 5 and oral cavity and carry out language processing to help user's sounding.
The present invention has low cost, and durability is good, not will cause the superinfection of patient, is applicable in all kinds of LaryngectomiesPatient.
The above is specific embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, all foundationsTechnical solution of the present invention makees any subtle modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the present invention, belongs to protection model of the inventionIt encloses.