It is on May 26th, 2015 that the application, which is based on the applying date, application No. is 201580027878.7 (international application no PCT/US2015/032472), invention and created name is the divisional application of the Chinese patent application of " covering formula solar cell module ".
The priority of this international patent application requirement following patent application: on October 31st, 2014 submits entitledThe No.14/530,405 United States Patent (USP) Shen of " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module)Please, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " that on November 4th, 2014 submits (covers formula solar battery mouldBlock) No.14/532,293 U.S. Patent applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell submitted on November 7th, 2014The No.14/536 of Module " (covering formula solar cell module), 486 U.S. Patent applications, what on November 12nd, 2014 submittedThe U.S. No.14/539,546 of entitled " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module) is specialBenefit application, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " submitted on November 17th, 2014 (cover formula solar-electricityPond module) No.14/543,580 U.S. Patent applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar that on November 19th, 2014 submitsThe No.14/548 of Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module), 081 U.S. Patent application, on November 21st, 2014The No.14/550,676 of entitled " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (the covering formula solar cell module) submittedU.S. Patent application, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " submitted on November 25th, 2014 (cover formula tooIt is positive can battery module) No.14/552,761 U.S. Patent applications, the entitled " Shingled that on December 4th, 2014 submitsThe No.14/560 of Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module), 577 U.S. Patent applications, 2014 12The No.14/ of entitled " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module) that the moon is submitted on the 10th566,278 U.S. Patent applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " submitted on December 10th, 2014 are (foldedLid formula solar cell module) No.14/565,820 U.S. Patent applications are submitted entitled on December 16th, 2014The No.14/572,206 United States Patent (USP) Shen of " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module)Please, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " that on December 19th, 2014 submits (covers formula solar battery mouldBlock) No.14/577,593 U.S. Patent applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell submitted on December 30th, 2014The No.14/586 of Module " (covering formula solar cell module), 025 U.S. Patent application, what on December 30th, 2014 submittedThe U.S. No.14/585,917 of entitled " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module) is specialBenefit application, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " submitted on January 12nd, 2015 (cover formula solar batteryModule) No.14/594,439 U.S. Patent applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar that on January 26th, 2015 submitsThe No.14/605 of Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module), 695 U.S. Patent applications are mentioned on May 27th, 2014The No.62/003,223 beauty of entitled " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (the covering formula solar cell module) handed overState's temporary patent application, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " submitted on August 12nd, 2014 (cover formula tooIt is positive can battery module) No.62/036,215 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications submit entitled on August 27th, 2014The No.62/042,615 US provisional patent of " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module)Application, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Module " submitted on September 11st, 2014 (cover formula solar battery mouldBlock) No.62/048,858 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar that on October 15th, 2014 submitsThe No.62/064 of Cell Module " (covering formula solar cell module), 260 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, in October, 2014The No.62/ of entitled " Shingled Solar Cell Module " (the covering formula solar cell module) submitted for 16th064,834 U.S. Provisional Patent Application, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Panel submitted on March 31st, 2015The No.14/674,983 beauty of Employing Hidden Taps " (using the stacking formula solar panel of hiding tap)State's patent application, entitled " the Solar Cell Panel Employing Hidden Taps " submitted on November 18th, 2014The No.62/081 of (using the solar panel of hiding tap), 200 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, on 2 6th, 2015Entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell Panel Employing Hidden Taps " submitted is (using hiding tapHead stacking formula solar panel " ") No.62/113,250 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, what on November 21st, 2014 submittedThe No.62/082,904 US provisional patent Shen of entitled " High Voltage Solar Panel " (high voltage solar panels)Please, entitled " High Voltage Solar Panel " (the high voltage solar panels) that on January 15th, 2015 submitsNo.62/103,816 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, entitled " the High Voltage Solar submitted on 2 4th, 2015The No.62/111 of Panel " (high voltage solar panels), 757 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, on March 17th, 2015 title submittedFor " Solar Cell Cleaving Tools and Methods " (cutting tool and cutting method of solar battery)No.62/134,176 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, entitled " the Shingled Solar Cell submitted on April 21st, 2015Panel Comprising Stencil-Printed Cell Metallization " is (including stencilization cell metallizationStacking formula solar panel) No.62/150,426 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications submit entitled on August 11st, 2014" Solar Cells with Reduced Edge Carrier Recombination " (edge Carrier recombination mitigates tooIt is positive can battery) No.62/035,624 U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, on October 15th, 2014 No.29/506 submitted, 415 beautyState's design patent application, on October 20th, 2014 No.29/506 submitted, 755 US Design Patent applications, 2014On November 5, the No.29/508 submitted, 323 US Design Patent applications, on November 19th, 2014 No.29/ submitted509,586 US Design Patent applications and the No.29/509 submitted on November 19th, 2014,588 United States DesignsPatent application.Each patent application listed above, which is incorporated by reference, to be incorporated herein, for all purposes.
Specific embodiment
Following specific embodiments should be read with reference to the drawings, in all different attached drawings, identical reference labelRefer to similar element.Attached drawing (being not necessarily drawn to scale) depicts selective embodiment, and has no intention to limit model of the inventionIt encloses.Specific embodiment shows the principle of the present invention in a manner of illustrating and is infinite.The specific embodiment describes thisSeveral embodiments of invention, several reorganization form, variations, alternative solution and purposes, including it is presently believed that be to implementOptimal mode of the invention；Those skilled in the art read after the specific embodiment, it will be clear that understand using of the inventionThe method that technology manufactures solar cell module of the invention.
Unless context clearly otherwise dictates, otherwise singular used in this specification and appended claims"one", "an" and "the", all include multiple referring to thing.In addition, term " parallel " is used to refer to " parallel or substantial parallel ",Cover the minor deviations with parallel geometry, and does not require that any parallel arrangement as described herein and be all substantially parallel.Term " vertical " is used to refer to " vertical or substantially perpendicular ", covers the minor deviations with perpendicular geometry, and does not require that thisAny be arranged vertically all is completely vertical described in text.Term " square " is used to refer to " square or substantial square ",Cover the minor deviations with square, such as the substantial square shape with chamfering (such as radiused corners or other truncated corners)Shape.Term " rectangle " is used to refer to " rectangle or substantial rectangular ", covers the minor deviations with rectangle, such as with chamfering (such as circleShape turning or other truncated corners) it is substantially rectangular in shape.
Subject description discloses the efficient stacking formula of the silicon solar cell in solar cell module arrangements, and can beFront surface metallization pattern, rear surface metallization pattern and the interconnection piece of solar battery used in such arrangement.This explanationBook also discloses the method for manufacturing such solar energy module.Solar cell module can under " sun " (non-concentrating) irradiationIt is advantageously used, physical size and electrical specification can substitute conventional silicon solar cell module.
Fig. 1 shows the viewgraph of cross-section of a string of solar batteries 10 of series connection, these solar batteries are to coverMode arranges and is electrically connected to form superbattery 100, and wherein the end of adjacent solar battery is overlapped.Each solar battery 10It all include semiconductor diode structure and the electric contact for being connected to semiconductor diode structure, when solar battery 10 is irradiated by lightThe electric current wherein generated can be supplied to external loading by these electric contacts.
In the example of this specification description, each solar battery 10 is crystal silicon solar energy battery, before having(day side) surface metalation pattern and rear (in the shade side) surface metalation pattern, the setting of front surface metallization pattern are passed in N-shapedOn the semiconductor layer for the property led, rear surface metallization pattern is arranged on the conductive semiconductor layer of p-type, these metallization patterns areThe opposite sides of n-p junction provides electric contact.However, can be used be utilized any other suitable material system, diode structure,Any other suitable solar battery of physical size or electric contact arrangement, to substitute solar energy mould described in this specificationSolar battery 10 in block, or the supplement as the solar battery.For example, preceding (day side) surface metalation pattern canIt is arranged on the conductive semiconductor layer of p-type, rear (in the shade side) surface metalation pattern may be provided at the conductive semiconductor of N-shapedOn layer.
Referring again to Fig. 1, in superbattery 100, adjacent solar battery 10 is at them by conductive bonding material realityIt is conductively joined in the region being now overlapped each other, the conductive bonding material is by the front surface metal of a solar batteryChange the rear surface metallization pattern that pattern is electrically connected to adjacent solar battery.Suitable conductive bonding material may include for example leadingElectric adhesive, electrically conductive adhesive film and strip of conductive adhesive and general solder.Preferably, conductive bonding material it is adjacent tooMechanical plasticity is provided in engagement between positive energy battery, thus thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of the reconciliation due to conductive bonding materialStress caused by CTE (for example, CTE of silicon) mismatch with solar battery.To provide this mechanical plasticity, in some changesIn type form, conductive bonding material is selected as with the glass transition temperature less than or equal to about 0 DEG C.To further decrease simultaneouslyReconciliation is parallel to the stress of the overlapping edge of solar battery because of caused by CTE mismatch, optionally only by conductive bond materialMaterial is applied in multiple discrete positions of the overlapping region along solar battery, extends solar battery at substantial without applyingThe continuous lines of the length at edge.
Front surface and rear surface measurement perpendicular to solar battery, by conductive bonding material in adjacent overlapping solar energyThe thickness of the conductive bond formed between battery can for example, less than about 0.1mm.Engagement thin in this way reduces between battery at interconnectionResistive loss, the heat that also any hot spot for being wherein likely to occur issues during the work of promotion superbattery is along superbatteryFlowing.The thermal conductivity of engagement between solar battery can be greater than or be equal to about 1.5W/ (m-K).
Fig. 2A shows the front surface of the exemplary rectangular solar battery 10 used in superbattery 100.IfProperly, it is possible to use the solar battery 10 of other shapes.In the example shown in the series of figures, the front surface metallization of solar battery 10Pattern includes bus 15 and finger-shaped material 20, and bus 15 is arranged adjacent to the edge of a long side of solar battery 10, and parallelSubstantially extend the length of long side in long side；Finger-shaped material 20 is attached perpendicularly to bus, is not only parallel to and extends each other, also parallelSubstantially extend the length of short side in the short side of solar battery 10.
In the example of Fig. 2A, solar battery 10 is about 156mm, wide about 26mm, therefore length-width ratio (bond length/lengthEdge lengths) it is about 1:6.Six this solar batteries can be prepared on the standard-sized silicon wafer of 156mm × 156mm, thenDivided (cutting) to provide the solar battery of diagram.In other variations, eight can be prepared by standard silicon wafersSize is about 19.5mm × 156mm, therefore the solar battery 10 that length-width ratio is about 1:8.More generally, solar battery 10 canWith for example, about 1:2 to the length-width ratio of about 1:20, and can be prepared by the chip of standard size chip or any other suitable dimension.
Fig. 3 A shows illustrative methods, using this method, it is cleavable, decompose or otherwise separate standard shape rulerVery little dead square silicon solar cell chip 45, and form the rectangle solar battery just described.In this example, from chipCentral part cut the rectangle solar battery 10L of several full durations, in addition, it is shorter to cut several from the end of chipRectangle solar battery 10S, and abandon chip chamfering or radiused corners.Solar battery 10L can be used to form oneThe stacking formula superbattery of width, solar battery 10S can be used to form the stacking formula superbattery of narrower width.
Alternatively, chamfering (for example, radiused corners) can be retained in from the solar battery that the end of chip is cut.Figure2B to Fig. 2 C shows the front surface of illustrative " V word " rectangle solar battery 10, and the front surface is substantially like in Fig. 2AFront surface, but have chamfering, these chamferings are remained from the chip for cutting solar battery.In Fig. 2 B, bus15 settings on one side shorter in two long sides, and be parallel to this on one side substantially extend its length, then both ends extremelyExtend at least partially about the chamfering of solar battery.In Fig. 2 C, bus 15 is longer in two long sides to be arranged on one side, andIt is parallel to this and substantially extends its length on one side.Fig. 3 B to Fig. 3 C shows the front view and rearview of pseudo-square wafers 45,Pseudo-square wafers 45 can be cut along dotted line shown in Fig. 3 C, be similar to the metallization of front surface shown in Fig. 2A to provide and haveMultiple solar batteries 10 of pattern, and with two chamfering sun for being similar to front surface metallization pattern shown in Fig. 2 BIt can battery 10.
In the exemplary front surface metallization pattern shown in Fig. 2 B, around two of the chamfering extension of battery in bus 15End increases with the distance for the part being located near battery long side away from bus, can respectively have and gradually become smaller and (become narrow gradually)Width.Similarly, in the exemplary front surface metallization pattern shown in Fig. 3 B, discrete engagement pad 15 is interconnectedThe both ends of thin conducting wire extend around the chamfering of solar battery, and with long away from the solar battery along the discrete engagement pad of arrangementThe distance on side increases and gradually becomes smaller.This gradually become smaller is optional, but can be before not dramatically increasing resistive lossIt puts, the metal used and the masking to solar battery effective coverage is advantageously reduced.
Fig. 3 D to Fig. 3 E shows the front view and rearview of perfect square wafers 47, and perfect square wafers 47 can edgeThe cutting of dotted line shown in Fig. 3 E, so that providing has the multiple solar-electricities for being similar to front surface metallization pattern shown in Fig. 2APond 10.
Chamfering rectangle solar battery can be used to form the superbattery for only including chamfering solar battery.In addition or asSubstitution, one or more such chamfering rectangle solar batteries can with one or more non-chamfering rectangle solar batteries (for example,It Fig. 2A) is applied in combination, and forms superbattery.For example, the end solar battery of superbattery can be chamfering solar-electricityPond, and in-between solar battery can be non-chamfering solar battery.If (or more generally, existed in superbatteryIn solar energy module) chamfering solar battery and non-chamfering solar battery is applied in combination, then it may be advantageous that too for theseIt is positive can battery select following sizes: during solar cell working, chamfering solar battery and non-chamfering solar battery thisThe front surface of the two is exposed to the area equation under sunlight.In this way by the area matched of two kinds of solar batteries, justMake the currents match generated in chamfering solar battery and non-chamfering solar battery, so as to improve including chamfering solar batteryThe performance of the series-connected battery string of both non-chamfering solar batteries.Such as by adjusting a plurality of line along cut crystalPosition, so that chamfering solar battery is slightly wider than non-chamfering solar-electricity on the direction perpendicular to solar battery long axisPond, so that it may make the area of the chamfering solar battery cut from same pseudo-square wafers and non-chamfering solar batteryMatch, to compensate the turning lacked on chamfering solar battery.
Solar energy module can only include following three superbattery: only be formed by non-chamfering rectangle solar battery superBattery, the superbattery only formed by chamfering rectangle solar battery, or including chamfering solar battery and non-chamfering solar energySuperbattery including battery；It may also comprise any combination of above-mentioned three kinds of variations of superbattery.
In some cases, standard-sized square or dead square solar cell wafer are (for example, chip 45 or crystalline substancePiece 47) close to Waffer edge part convert light into for electricity efficiency may than in chip far from edge part it is low.In order to changeThe efficiency of kind obtained rectangle solar battery trims one or more edges of chip in some variations,To which first the lower part of efficiency be removed before cut crystal.It may be, for example, about from the width for the part that Waffer edge is trimmed1mm to about 5mm.In addition, cut from chip two end solar batteries 10 can be oriented to as shown in Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 DIts front surface bus (or discrete engagement pad) 15 is along its external margin, thus along two edges of chip.Due in this theoryIn superbattery disclosed in bright book, bus (or discrete engagement pad) 15 is usually Chong Die with adjacent solar battery, so, edgeThe low phototransformation efficiency at the two edges of chip have no effect on the performance of solar battery.Therefore, in some variations,It is parallel to the edge that the short side of rectangle solar battery is orientated in trimming square or pseudo-square wafers as just description,But the edge that the long side orientation of rectangle solar battery is parallel on chip is not trimmed.In other variations, as just retouchingOne, two, three or four edge of square wafers (for example, chip 47 in Fig. 3 D) is trimmed as stating.At otherIn variations, one, two, three or four long edge of pseudo-square wafers is trimmed as just describing.
With aspect than, area be less than standard 156mm × 156mm solar battery long and narrow solar battery (such asShown in figure) it is advantageously used for reducing the I in solar cell module disclosed in this specification2The loss of R resistive power.In particular, since the silicon solar cell of the area comparison with standard size of solar battery 10 reduces, so solar batteryThe electric current of generation reduces, to directly reduce the resistive function in the series-connected battery string of solar battery and such solar batteryRate loss.In addition, this class rectangle solar battery is arranged in superbattery 100, so that current parallel is in solar batteryShort side flow through superbattery, can shorten electric current pass through semiconductor material reach front surface metallization pattern in 20 institute of finger-shaped materialThe distance having to flow through, and the required length of finger-shaped material can be shortened, so that resistive power loss can also be reduced.
As described above, these solar batteries are engaged with each other in the overlapping region of the solar battery 10 of overlapping, fromAnd be electrically connected in series these solar batteries, compared with the series-connected solar cells string as usual with protruding portion, shortenThe length of electrical connection between adjacent solar battery.This has also reduced resistive power losses.
Referring again to Fig. 2A, in the example shown in the series of figures, the front surface metallization pattern on solar battery 10 includes parallelIn the optional bypass wire 40 that bus 15 extends and is spaced from.(this bypass wire may be also optionally used for Fig. 2 B to figureIn metallization pattern shown in 2C, Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 D, and shown in Fig. 2 Q, at this time its with discrete engagement pad 15 rather thanContinuous bus is applied in combination).Bypass wire 40 interconnects finger-shaped material 20, so that between current bypass bus 15 and bypass wire 40The crackle being likely to form.Such crackle may separate finger-shaped material 20 in multiple positions near bus 15, it is possible that with otherMode is isolated by the multiple regions of solar battery 10 with bus 15.Bypass wire such finger-shaped material separated and bus itBetween provide replacement circuit diameter.The example of diagram shows the bypass wire 40 for being parallel to the setting of bus 15, and bypass wire 40 is aboutExtend the overall length of bus, and interconnects each finger-shaped material 20.This arrangement may be preferred, but be not required.If there isBypass wire, without being parallel to bus extension, without the overall length for extending bus.In addition, bypass wire at least interconnects twoFinger-shaped material, but without interconnecting all finger-shaped materials.It can be for example longer to substitute using two or more shorter bypass wiresBypass wire.Any suitable arrangement of bypass wire can be used.What the purposes of such bypass wire was submitted on 2 13rd, 2012Entitled " Solar Cell With Metallization Compensating For Or Preventing Cracking "In the No.13/371,790 U.S. Patent application of (there is the solar battery for compensating or avoiding the metallization pattern of rupture)It is described in more detail, which, which is incorporated by reference, is incorporated herein.
The exemplary front surface metallization pattern of Fig. 2A further includes the far-end general opposite with bus 15 in finger-shaped material 20The optional end conducting wire 42 that finger-shaped material 20 interconnects.(this end conducting wire may be also optionally used for Fig. 2 B to Fig. 2 C, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 3 DIn metallization pattern shown in Fig. 2 Q).The width of conducting wire 42 can be for example roughly the same with finger-shaped material 20.Conducting wire 42 is by finger-likeObject 20 interconnects, so that electricity bypass is formed at the crackle between bypass wire 40 and conducting wire 42, to be directed to solar batteryCurrent path is supplied to bus 15 by the region that may be otherwise electrically isolated by such crackle in 10.
15 equivalent width of bus before although some examples of diagram are shown, and substantially extend the length of solar battery 10The length on side, but this is not required.For example, as described above, preceding bus 15 can be discrete by two or more in front surfaceEngagement pad 15 substitutes, these discrete engagement pads 15 can for example be in line arrangement along the side of solar battery 10 each other, for example,As shown in Fig. 2 H, Fig. 2 Q and Fig. 3 B.Such discrete engagement pad is optionally interconnected by the thin conducting wire extended between them, such asShown in the attached drawing (for example) mentioned just now.In such variations, measured perpendicular to the long side of solar battery, engagement padWidth may be, for example, by about 2 to about 20 times of the thin conducting wire of engagement pad interconnection.There may be individual (for example, small) engagement pad to useEach finger-shaped material in front surface metallization pattern, alternatively, each engagement pad may be connected to two or more finger-shaped materials.ExampleSuch as, front surface engagement pad 15 can be square, or to be parallel to the rectangle of the Elongation of Edge of solar battery.Front surface engagement pad15 width may be, for example, about 1mm to about 1.5mm perpendicular to the long side of solar battery；Its length is parallel to solar batteryLong side, may be, for example, about 1mm to about 10mm.It is parallel to the long side measurement of solar battery, the spacing between engagement pad 15 canFor example, about 3mm to about 30mm.
Alternatively, solar battery 10 can lack preceding bus 15 and discrete preceding engagement pad 15, thus only in front surfaceIt include finger-shaped material 20 in metallization pattern.In such variations, the electricity that is executed originally by preceding bus 15 or preceding engagement pad 15Flow collecting function, conduction that can completely or partially by two solar batteries 10 are engaged with each other in above-mentioned superimposed structureProperty material execute.
Not only lack bus 15 but also the solar battery for lacking engagement pad 15 may include bypass wire 40, and also may not include bypassConducting wire 40.If there is no bus 15 and engagement pad 15, then bypass wire 40 can be arranged to bypass in bypass wire and preceding tableThe crackle formed between the part of the solar battery of overlapping is conductively joined in the metallization pattern of face.
Including bus or discrete engagement pad 15, finger-shaped material 20,40 (if present) of bypass wire and end conducting wire 42 (ifIn the presence of) front surface metallization pattern can for example by as usual be used for such purpose silver paste be formed, then for example, by using routineMethod for printing screen deposited.Alternatively, front surface metallization pattern can be formed by electro-coppering.Can also be used it is any itsHis suitable material and technique.In the variations that front surface metallization pattern is formed by silver, connect using discrete front surfaceTouch pad 15 rather than continuous bus 15 along battery edge, reduce the silver content on solar battery, so as to advantageously contractSubtract cost.In the variations that front surface metallization pattern is formed by copper or another conductor cheaper than silver, the company of can be usedContinuous bus 15, without having cost disadvantage.
Fig. 2 D to Fig. 2 G, Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 E show the exemplary rear surface metallization pattern of solar battery.At theseIn example, rear surface metallization pattern includes the discrete rear surface arranged along the one long edge of solar battery rear surfaceEngagement pad 25, and substantially cover the hard contact 30 of all residual areas of solar battery rear surface.It is super in the formula of stackingIn grade battery, engagement pad 25 is for example joined to the edge arrangement of bus or the upper surface along adjacent overlapping solar batteryDiscrete engagement pad, so that two solar batteries are electrically connected in series.For example, each discrete rear surface engagement pad 25 can be withIt is overlapped corresponding discrete front surface engagement pad 15 in the front surface of solar battery to be aligned, and by being only applied to discrete engagement padOn conductive bonding material be joined to the corresponding discrete front surface engagement pad 15.For example, discrete engagement pad 25 can be positiveRectangular (Fig. 2 D), or to be parallel to the rectangle of the Elongation of Edge of solar battery (Fig. 2 E to Fig. 2 G, Fig. 3 C, Fig. 3 E).Engagement pad25 width may be, for example, about 1mm to about 5mm perpendicular to the long side of solar battery；Its length is parallel to solar batteryLong side may be, for example, about 1mm to about 10mm.It is parallel to the long side measurement of solar battery, the spacing between engagement pad 25 can exampleFor example about 3mm to about 30mm.
Contact 30 can for example be formed by aluminium and/or electro-coppering.The aluminium back contact 30 of formation usually provides back surface field, usesIn mitigating, the back surface in solar battery is compound, thus improves solar battery efficiency.If contact 30 by copper rather than aluminiumIt is formed, then contact 30 can be applied in combination with another passivation scheme (for example, aluminium oxide), so that it is multiple similarly to mitigate back surfaceIt closes.Discrete engagement pad 25 can be formed for example by silver paste.Using discrete silver-colored engagement pad 25 rather than along the continuous of battery edgeSilver-colored engagement pad reduces the silver content in rear surface metallization pattern, this can advantageously reduced cost.
In addition, if solar battery is answered dependent on back surface field provided by the aluminium contact by being formed to mitigate back surfaceClose, then using discrete silver contact rather than continuous silver contact can improve solar battery efficiency.This is because silver-colored rear surfaceContact does not provide back surface field, therefore often promotes Carrier recombination, and generates above silver contact in solar cellsExtremely (invalid) volume.In the solar battery string as usual with tape tabs, these dead volumes are usually by solar-electricityWelding and/or bus in the front surface of pond cover, therefore not will lead to any additional loss in efficiency.However, being disclosed hereinSolar battery and superbattery in, the volume of the top of rear surface silver engagement pad 25 is located in solar battery usually completely notIt is covered by front surface metallization pattern, so while any dead volume generated using silver-colored rear surface metallization pattern all will dropThe efficiency of low battery.Therefore, the continuous silver using discrete silver-colored engagement pad 25 rather than along solar battery rear surface edgeEngagement pad, reduces the volume in any corresponding dead zone, so improve the efficiency of solar battery.
Mitigating in the compound variations of back surface independent of back surface field, rear surface metallization pattern can be usedAlong solar battery length extend continuous bus 25 rather than discrete engagement pad 25, (for example) such asFig. 2 QIt is shown.It is thisBus 25 can be formed for example by tin or silver.
Discrete tin engagement pad 25 can be used in other variations of rear surface metallization pattern.Rear surface metallization patternVariations finger contact shown in the front surface metallization pattern similar to Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 C can be used, and can lackEngagement pad and bus.
Although specific exemplary solar cell shown in the drawings is described as having front surface metallization pattern with afterThe specific combination of surface metalation pattern, but more generally, front surface metallization pattern and rear surface metallization pattern can be usedAny suitable combination.For example, a kind of suitable combination can be used including discrete engagement pad 15, finger-shaped material 20 and optional sideThe silver-colored front surface metallization pattern of line conductor 40, and metallize including the rear surface of aluminium contact 30 and discrete silver-colored engagement pad 25Pattern.Table before the copper including continuous bus 15, finger-shaped material 20 and optional bypass wire 40 can be used in another suitable combinationFace metallization pattern, and the rear surface metallization pattern including continuous bus 25 and copper contact 30.
In the process (being described in more detail) of manufacture superbattery, for engaging weight adjacent in superbatteryThe conductive bonding material of folded solar battery only can (discretely or continuously) be assigned to solar battery front surface or rear tableIn the engagement pad of the edge in face, without being assigned on peripheral part of solar battery.This reduces the dosage of material, and such asIt is upper described, it can reduce or reconcile the stress because of caused by the CTE mismatch of the CTE of conductive bonding material and solar battery.ButDuring or after deposition and before curing, the multiple portions of conductive bonding material may be intended to spread to engagement pad itOutside, it then spreads on the corresponding part of solar battery.For example, the binding resin part of conductive bonding material can be by capillary forceIt extracts engagement pad out, then spreads in texture or porous part adjacent in solar cell surface.In addition, in deposition processPeriod, some conductive bonding materials may not reach engagement pad, but be deposited to the adjacent part of solar cell surfaceOn, it may then be spread from these adjacent parts to surrounding.This distribution of conductive bonding material and/or the inaccurate phenomenon of depositionThe engagement between the solar battery of overlapping may be weakened, and conductive bonding material in solar battery may be damaged and spread thereonOr those of mistakenly it is deposited on part.Such as by near each engagement pad or around form obstacle or barrier,Thus conductive bonding material is substantially held in the metallization pattern of appropriate position, can reduce or prevent conductive bonding materialThis distribution phenomenon.
As shown in Fig. 2 H to Fig. 2 K, for example, front surface metallization pattern may include discrete engagement pad 15, finger-shaped material 20 and screenBarrier 17, wherein each barrier 17 is around corresponding engagement pad 15 and serves as obstacle, to be formed between engagement pad and barrierTrench (moat).The uncured conductibility of engagement pad is flowed out or not reached when being assigned on solar battery from engagement padThe part 19 of adhesive bond material 18 can be limited in trench by barrier 17.This prevents conductive adhesive grafting material from connecingTouch pad is further spread on peripheral part of battery.Barrier 17 can for example by with finger-shaped material 20 and engagement pad 15 (for example, silver)Identical material is formed, and height may be, for example, about 10 microns to about 40 microns, and width may be, for example, about 30 microns to about 100Micron.The trench formed between barrier 17 and engagement pad 15 can have for example, about 100 microns to about 2 millimeters of width.Although figureThe example shown only surrounds each preceding engagement pad 15 with single barrier 17, but in other variations, can be for example around eachEngagement pad is concentrically disposed with two or more such barriers.Front surface engagement pad and surrounding one or more barriers can shapesAt the shape for example similar to " target center " target.As illustrated in figure 2h, for example, barrier 17 can be interconnected with finger-shaped material 20, and can be with generalThe thin conducting wire interconnection that engagement pad 15 interconnects.
Similarly, as shown in Fig. 2 L to Fig. 2 N, for example, rear surface metallization pattern may include after (for example, silver) is discrete(for example, aluminium) contact 30 of all residual areas of engagement pad 25, substantially covering solar battery rear surface, and (for example,Silver) barrier 27, wherein each barrier 17 engagement pad 25 and serves as obstacle after corresponding, thus engagement pad and barrier itBetween form trench.As shown, trench can be filled in a part of contact 30.It is flowed out from engagement pad 25 or is being assigned to solar energyThe multiple portions for not reaching the uncured conductive adhesive grafting material of engagement pad when on battery can be limited in by barrier 27In trench.This prevents conductive adhesive grafting material from peripheral part that engagement pad further spreads to battery.Barrier 27Height may be, for example, about 10 microns to about 40 microns, width may be, for example, about 50 microns to about 500 microns.Barrier 27 with connectThe trench formed between touch pad 25 can have for example, about 100 microns to about 2 millimeters of width.Although the example of diagram only surrounds oftenA rear surface engagement pad 25 has single barrier 27, but in other variations, can for example around each engagement pad concentricallyTwo or more such barriers are set.Rear surface engagement pad and surrounding one or more barrier can be formed for example similar toThe shape of " target center " target.
The continuous bus or engagement pad for substantially extending the length of solar battery edge can also be prevented from conductive adhesionThe barrier that agent grafting material is spread is surround.For example, Fig. 2 Q shows this barrier 27 around rear surface bus 25.Front surface is totalLine (for example, bus 15 in Fig. 2A) can similarly be surround by barrier.Similar, row's front surface engagement pad or rear surface connectTouch pad can be used as entirety and be surround by this barrier, rather than divided barrier is surround respectively.
The feature of front surface metallization pattern or rear surface metallization pattern can be formed in parallel with the overlapping of solar batteryEdge substantially extends the barrier of the length of solar battery, rather than around bus or one or more as just describingA engagement pad, bus or engagement pad are arranged between barrier and the edge of solar battery at this time.This barrier is as bypassConducting wire may serve a dual purpose (as described above).For example, bypass wire 40 provides barrier in Fig. 2 R, which helps to preventOnly uncured conductive adhesive grafting material is spread on the effective coverage of solar battery front surface in engagement pad 15.ClassAs arrangement can be used for rear surface metallization pattern.
The barrier for preventing conductive adhesive grafting material from spreading can be spaced apart with engagement pad or bus, and form just descriptionThe trench crossed, but this is not required.Alternatively, such barrier can abut engagement pad or bus, (for example) such as Fig. 2 O or figureShown in 2P.In such variations, barrier is preferably higher than engagement pad or bus, by uncured conductive adhesiveGrafting material is retained in engagement pad or bus.Although Fig. 2 O and Fig. 2 P show multiple portions on front surface metallization patternPoint, but similar arrangement can also be used for rear surface metallization pattern.
The moat between barrier and/or such barrier and engagement pad or bus for preventing conductive adhesive grafting material from spreadingDitch, and any conductive adhesive grafting material in such trench has been spread to, it all can be optionally located at solar batteryOn surface in the region Chong Die with the adjacent solar battery in superbattery, therefore invisible, and covered shield and unlikely sudden and violentIt is exposed to solar radiation.
, using the substituted or supplemented of barrier, mask or any other suitable method can be used as as just description(for example, silk-screen printing) deposits conductive bonding material, realizes accurate deposition whereby, so that reducing may spread during depositionThe amount of the conductive bonding material of engagement pad is not reached except to engagement pad or.
More generally, any suitable front surface metallization pattern and rear surface metallization figure can be used in solar battery 10Case.
Fig. 4 A shows a part of the front surface of exemplary rectangular superbattery 100, which includes such asSolar battery 10 shown in Fig. 2A, the stacking mode of these solar batteries 10 as shown in Figure 1 are arranged.It is covered due to usingGeometry does not have physical clearance between pairs of solar battery 10.In addition, although it can be seen that 100 one end of superbatteryThe bus 15 of the solar battery 10 at place, but the bus (or front surface engagement pad) of other solar batteries be hidden in it is adjacent tooThe lower section of the lap of positive energy battery.Therefore, superbattery 100 is able to be used effectively in the area occupied in solar energy moduleDomain.In particular, with the solar battery arrangement as usual with protruding portion and being wrapped by shining on surface in solar batteryThe situation for including the solar battery arrangement of many visible buses is compared, and larger a part can be used for generating electric power in the region.Figure4B to Fig. 4 C respectively illustrates the front view and rearview of another exemplary superbattery 100, and superbattery 100 mainly includesThe V word rectangle silicon solar cell of chamfering, but it is similar with Fig. 4 A in other respects.
In the example shown in Fig. 4 A, bypass wire 40 is hidden by the lap of adjacent cell.Alternatively, including sideThe solar battery of line conductor 40 can be similar to be overlapped like that shown in Fig. 4 A, but not cover bypass wire.
The solar energy at 100 other end of front surface bus 15 and superbattery exposed at one end of superbattery 100The rear surface metallization of battery provides negative (terminal) terminal contacts and positive (terminal) terminal contacts, the touching of these ends for superbatteryPoint can be used to for superbattery 100 to be electrically connected to other superbatteries, and/or as needed, superbattery 100 is electrically connectedIt is connected to other electrical components.
Adjacent solar battery in superbattery 100 can be overlapped any appropriate amount, for example, about 1mm to about 5mm.
As shown in Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 G, for example, the stacking formula superbattery just described can effectively fill solar energy moduleRegion.Such solar energy module can be for example square or rectangle.The rectangle solar energy module as shown in Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 G,The length of its short side can be (for example) about 1 meter, and the length of long side can be (for example) about 1.5 meters to about 2.0 meters.It can also be the sunThe shape and size that energy module selects any other suitable.Any suitable cloth of superbattery can be used in solar energy moduleIt sets.
Square or rectangle solar energy module in, superbattery be usually arranged to the short side of solar energy module orThe parallel row of long side.Each row may comprise the one, two or more superbattery of end-to-end arrangement.Form this sunThe superbattery 100 of a part of energy module may include the solar battery 10 of any suitable number, and with any suitableLength.In some variations, it is part thereof of that the respective length of superbattery 100 is approximately equal to these superbatteries compositionThe length of the short side of rectangle solar energy module.In other variations, the respective length of superbattery 100 is approximately equal to theseSuperbattery constitutes the half of the bond length of part thereof of rectangle solar energy module.In other variations, super electricityThe respective length in pond 100 is approximately equal to the length that these superbatteries constitute the long side of part thereof of rectangle solar energy module.In other variations, the respective length of superbattery 100 is approximately equal to these superbatteries and constitutes part thereof of rectangleThe half of the long side length of solar energy module.The quantity of solar battery needed for making the superbattery of these length takes naturallyCertainly in the lap of the size of solar energy module, the size of solar battery and adjacent solar battery.It can also be super electricityThe length that pond selects any other suitable.
It is super in the variations for the length that the length of superbattery 100 is approximately equal to rectangle solar energy module short sideBattery may include for example having a size of from about 19.5mm × 56 rectangle solar batteries of about 156mm, wherein adjacent solar batteryIt is overlapped about 3mm.Eight this rectangle sun can be partitioned into from conventional square or dead square 156mm × 156mm chipIt can battery.Alternatively, this superbattery may include for example having a size of from about 26mm × 38 rectangle solar-electricities of about 156mmPond, wherein adjacent solar battery is overlapped about 2mm.It can divide from conventional square or dead square 156mm × 156mm chipCut out six this rectangle solar batteries.Rectangle solar energy module bond length is approximately equal in the length of superbattery 100Half variations in, superbattery may include for example having a size of from about 19.5mm × 28 rectangle solar energy of about 156mmBattery, wherein adjacent solar battery is overlapped about 3mm.Alternatively, this superbattery may include for example having a size of from about 26mm19 rectangle solar batteries of × about 156mm, wherein adjacent solar battery is overlapped about 2mm.
It is super in the variations for the length that the length of superbattery 100 is approximately equal to rectangle solar energy module long sideBattery can for example including having a size of from about 26mm × 72 rectangle solar batteries of about 156mm, wherein adjacent solar battery weightFolded about 2mm.In the variations for the half that the length of superbattery 100 is approximately equal to rectangle solar energy module long side length,Superbattery may include for example having a size of from about 26mm × 36 rectangle solar batteries of about 156mm, wherein adjacent solar-electricityPond is overlapped about 2mm.
Fig. 5 A shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 200 including 20 rectangle superbatteries 100, wherein each squareThe length of shape superbattery is approximately equal to the half of solar energy module bond length.The end-to-end pairs of arrangement of superbattery, andTen row's superbatteries are formed, wherein the row of superbattery and long side are parallel to the short side orientation of solar energy module.In other changesIn type form, every row's superbattery may comprise three or more superbatteries.In addition, the solar energy module packet of like configurationsThe number of rows of the superbattery included is more or few than shown in the example.(surpass for example, Figure 14 A is shown including 24 rectanglesThe solar energy module of grade battery, these superbatteries are arranged to 12 rows, every row two).
Superbattery in that, in each row be arranged such that wherein at least one superbattery with this row in anotherThe adjacent one end of superbattery has in the variations of front surface terminal contacts, and gap 210 shown in Fig. 5 A facilitates edgeSolar energy module center line formed to superbattery 100 front surface terminal contacts (for example, exposure bus or discrete touchingThe electrical contact of point 15).For example, two superbatteries in a row may be arranged so that a superbattery has along the sunThe front surface terminal contact of the center line of energy module, and after another superbattery has along the center line of solar energy moduleSurface terminal contact.When using this arrangement, two superbatteries in a row can be electrically connected in series by interconnection piece, the interconnection pieceIt is arranged along the center line of solar energy module, and is joined to the front surface terminal contact and another super electricity of a superbatteryThe rear surface terminal contact in pond.(see, for example, Fig. 8 C being discussed below).It include three or more in every row's superbatteryAdditional gap may be present in the variations of superbattery, between superbattery, and these additional gaps can be similarlyContribute to form the electrical contact of the front surface terminal contacts far from each side of solar energy module.
Fig. 5 B shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 300 including 10 rectangle superbatteries 100, wherein each squareThe length of shape superbattery is approximately equal to the length of solar energy module short side.Superbattery is arranged to ten parallel rows,Long side is parallel to the short side orientation of module.The solar energy module of like configurations may also comprise the superbattery of this side length, but itsNumber of rows is more than number of rows shown in the example or few.
The solar energy module 200 that Fig. 5 B also shows Fig. 5 A is wherein respectively being arranged between the adjacent superbattery in superbatteryAppearance in the case where very close to each other.Such as by by superbattery be arranged so that two superbatteries in every row all alongThe center line of module has back surface terminal contacts, so that it may eliminate the gap 210 of Fig. 5 A.In this case, because not needingThe front surface of superbattery is touched along the center line of module, so superbattery can be arranged to almost against each other, therebetweenHave little or no additional gap.Alternatively, two superbatteries 100 in a row may be arranged so that oneA superbattery is along module on one side with front surface terminal contacts and along the center line of module with the touching of rear surface endPoint, another superbattery have rear table along the center line of module with front surface terminal contacts and along the relative edge of moduleFace terminal contacts, and the adjacent end portion overlapping of the two superbatteries.Flexible interconnection can be interposed in the weight of superbatteryBetween folded end, so that it is not covered any part of solar energy module front surface, be supplied to a super electricity for that will be electrically connectedThe front surface terminal contacts in pond and the rear surface terminal contacts of another superbattery.Just contain three or more superbatteriesRow for, both ways can be used cooperatively.
The row of superbattery shown in Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B and superbattery can be by being electrically connected in series times with electrical connection in parallelWhat proper combination interconnects, for example, combination Figure 10 A to Figure 15 as follows is further described.Interconnection between superbattery canSuch as it is realized using the flexible interconnection described below in conjunction with Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 G and subsequent drawings is similar to.Such as this specificationDescribed in many examples shown that the superbattery in solar energy module as described herein can be by being connected in series and being connected in parallelCombination interconnect, to provide the output voltage being substantially equal with the output voltage of conventional solar energy module to module.In such cases, the output that the output electric current of next solar energy module described herein can also substantially with conventional solar energy moduleElectric current is equal.Alternatively, as described further below, the superbattery in solar energy module can interconnect, and by the sunEnergy module provides the output voltage of the output voltage apparent increase compared to conventional solar energy module.
Fig. 5 C shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 350 including 6 rectangle superbatteries 100, wherein each squareThe length of shape superbattery is approximately equal to the length of solar energy module long side.Superbattery is arranged to six parallel rows,Long side is parallel to the long side orientation of module.The solar energy module of like configurations may also comprise the superbattery of this side length, but itsNumber of rows is more than number of rows shown in the example or few.Each superbattery in the example (and several following examples) includes72 rectangle solar batteries, the width of each rectangle solar battery are approximately equal to 156mm × 156mm square or quasi- squareThe 1/6 of the width of shape chip.The rectangle solar energy with any other suitable dimension that can also be used any other appropriate number ofBattery.In this example, the front surface terminal contact of superbattery is electrically connected to each other by flexible interconnection 400, flexibleThe edge of 400 one short side of proximity modules of interconnection piece is arranged and is parallel to edge extension.The rear surface terminal of superbattery touchesPoint is similarly electrically connected to by flexible interconnection each other, these flexible interconnections are in solar energy module behind proximity modulesThe edge of another short side is arranged and is parallel to edge extension.Rear surface interconnection piece is invisible in figure 5 c.This arrangement willSix superbattery parallel connections isometric with module are electrically connected.It is soft in solar energy module construction and other solar energy modules constructionThe details of property interconnection piece and its arrangement is discussed in more detail hereinafter in conjunction with Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 G.
Fig. 5 D shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 360 including 12 rectangle superbatteries 100, wherein each squareThe length of shape superbattery is approximately equal to the half of solar energy module long side length.The end-to-end pairs of arrangement of superbattery, andSix row's superbatteries are formed, wherein the row of superbattery and long side are parallel to the long side orientation of solar energy module.In other changesIn type form, every row's superbattery may comprise three or more superbatteries.In addition, the solar energy module packet of like configurationsThe number of rows of the superbattery included is more or few than shown in the example.Each of the example (and several following examples) is superGrade battery all includes 36 rectangle solar batteries, and the width of each rectangle solar battery is being approximately equal to 156mm × 156mm justThe 1/6 of rectangular or pseudo-square wafers width.It can also be used any other appropriate number of with any other suitable dimensionRectangle solar battery.Gap 410 facilitates the front surface formed along the center line of solar energy module to superbattery 100The electrical contact of terminal contacts.In this example, the edge of one short side of proximity modules is arranged and is parallel to the soft of edge extensionProperty interconnection piece 400 the front surface terminal contact of six superbatteries is electrically interconnected.Similarly, in the another of module behind proximity modulesThe edge of one short side is arranged and is parallel to the flexible interconnection of edge extension for the rear surface end of other six superbatteriesSub- contact electrical connection.The flexible interconnection (this is not shown in the figure) being arranged along gap 410 is by each pair of superbattery string in a rowConnection interconnection, and be optionally laterally extended, by adjacent row's interconnected in parallel.Six row's superbattery parallel connections are electrically connected by this arrangementIt connects.Optionally, first super electricity in first superbattery and other every rows in first group of superbattery, in every rowPond parallel connection electrical connection；In second group of superbattery, second in second superbattery and other every rows in every row is superGrade battery parallel connection electrical connection, and this two groups of superbatteries are electrically connected in series.When being arranged using latter, this two groups of superbatteriesIn each superbattery be able to it is in parallel with bypass diode.
Details A in Fig. 5 D identifies the position of viewgraph of cross-section shown in Fig. 8 A, at this location, after superbatterySurface terminal contact is connected with each other along the edge of one short side of module.Details B similarly identifies cross section shown in Fig. 8 BThe position of view, at this location, the front surface terminal contact of superbattery are mutually interconnected along the edge of another short side of moduleIt connects.Details C identifies the position of viewgraph of cross-section shown in Fig. 8 C, and at this location, the superbattery in a row is along gap 410Interconnected in series.
Fig. 5 E shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 370 for being configured similarly to Fig. 5 C, but in this example, it is formedAll solar batteries of superbattery are all the V word solar batteries with chamfering, the chamfering with it is sunny from its segmentationThe turning of the pseudo-square wafers of energy battery is corresponding.
Fig. 5 F shows another exemplary rectangular solar energy module 380 for being configured similarly to Fig. 5 C, but in the exampleIn, the solar battery for forming superbattery includes the mixture of V word solar battery and rectangle solar battery, these sunEnergy battery is arranged to the shape reappeared and be partitioned into the pseudo-square wafers of these solar batteries from it.In the example of Fig. 5 FIn, V word solar battery is wide than rectangle solar battery on the direction perpendicular to its long axis, to compensate V word battery missingTurning so that V word solar battery and rectangle solar battery are exposed to the significant surface of solar radiation during module workProduct is equal, so make both batteries that there is matched electric current.
Fig. 5 G, which is shown, is configured similarly to another exemplary rectangular of Fig. 5 E (that is, only including V word solar battery) tooPositive energy module, but in the solar energy module of Fig. 5 G, the adjacent V word solar battery in superbattery is arranged to mutualMirror image, so the edge length that they are overlapped is equal.This arrangement maximizes the length of each overlapping j oint, thus is conducive toHot-fluid flows through superbattery.
Other constructions of rectangle solar energy module may include the row only formed by rectangle (non-chamfering) solar battery orMultiple rows of superbattery, and a row or multi-row superbattery only formed by chamfering solar battery.For example, rectangle solar energy mouldBlock can be similar to Fig. 5 C and construct like that, and only two rows of superbatteries of outside are respectively only formed by chamfering solar batteryOne row's superbattery substitution.Chamfering solar battery in these rows can for example be arranged to mirror image pair, as depicted in fig. 5g.
In the exemplary solar energy module shown in Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 G, the electric current along every row's superbattery is about area phaseDeng conventional solar energy module in electric current 1/6, the reason is that formed superbattery rectangle solar battery effective area aboutIt is the 1/6 of stock size solar battery effective area.However, since six row's superbattery parallel connections in these examples are electrically connectedIt connects, so to can be equal to the identical conventional solar energy module of area generated total for the total current that illustrative solar energy module generatesElectric current.This helps to substitute routine with the exemplary solar energy module (and other examples described below) of Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 GSolar energy module.
Fig. 6 illustrates in greater detail the example with three row's superbatteries of flexible electrical interconnection interconnection compared to Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 GProperty arrangement, this arrangement is for the superbattery in every row to be one another in series, and for each row to be connected in parallel to each other.These rows can be withThree rows e.g. in the solar energy module of Fig. 5 D.In the example of fig. 6, each superbattery 100 has a flexible interconnectionPart 400 is conductively joined to its front surface terminal contact, and has another flexible interconnection to be conductively joined to table thereafterFace terminal contact.Two superbatteries in every row are electrically connected in series by shared flexible interconnection, the shared flexible interconnectionPart is conductively joined to the front surface terminal contact an of superbattery and the rear surface terminal contact of another superbattery.Each flexible interconnection is arranged adjacent to one end of its superbattery engaged and is parallel to the extension of this one end, and can be lateralExtending to will conductively be joined in adjacent row except the superbattery of the flexible interconnection on superbattery, thus by phaseNeighbour row electrical connection in parallel.Dotted line in Fig. 6 depicts can not by the covering part masking of superbattery in flexible interconnectionIt is covered and sightless part in the part seen or superbattery by the covering part of flexible interconnection.
Flexible interconnection 400 can be led for engaging the mechanical plasticity of the solar battery of overlapping as described above by (for example)It is joined to superbattery with electrically engaging conductivity of materials.Optionally, conductive bonding material can be only positioned at along superbattery edgeMultiple discrete positions, without formed substantially extend superbattery edge length continuous lines, it is intended to reduce or reconcile existIt is parallel on the direction at superbattery edge, because the heat of the thermal expansion coefficient and superbattery of conductive bonding material or interconnection piece is swollenStress caused by swollen CTE mismatch.
Flexible interconnection 400 can (for example) be formed by scale copper or including scale copper.Flexible interconnection 400 optionally byPatterning or otherwise construct, with increase its with the machinery in the edge-perpendicular of superbattery and the two parallel directionsPlasticity (flexibility), thus reduce or reconcile with the CTE in the edge-perpendicular of superbattery and parallel direction because of interconnection pieceStress caused by CTE mismatch with superbattery.This patterning may include (for example) forming slit, slit or hole.InterconnectionThe thickness of the conductive portion of part 400 can for example, less than about 100 microns, less than about 50 microns, less than about 30 microns or be less than about25 microns, to increase the flexibility of interconnection piece.It flexible interconnection and its is sufficiently large with the mechanical plasticity of the engagement of superbattery,So that the superbattery of interconnection is (more detailed below in conjunction with the method for manufacture stacking formula solar cell module in lamination processGround description) it can be remained intact under the stress because of caused by CTE mismatch, and the temperature within the scope of about -40 DEG C to about 85 DEG CIt can be remained intact under the stress because of caused by CTE mismatch during degree cyclic test.
Preferably, flexible interconnection 400 is shown pair on the direction of end for being parallel to the superbattery that it is engagedThe resistance of electric current, the resistance less than or equal to about 0.015 ohm, less than or equal to about 0.012 ohm, or less than or equal to about0.01 ohm.
Fig. 7 A shows the several representative configuration for being applicable to flexible interconnection 400, uses reference label 400A respectivelyIt is marked to 400T.
Such as (e.g.) shown in the viewgraph of cross-section of Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C, solar energy module described in this specification usually hasLaminate structures, wherein superbattery and one or more encapsulating materials 4101 are sandwiched between transparent front plate 420 and back plate 430.Transparent front plate can be (for example) glass.Optionally, back plate is also possible to transparent, this makes the two sides of solar energy module canWork.Back plate can be (for example) polymer sheet.Alternatively, solar energy module can be after existing glass front plate has glass againThe double-sided glass module of plate.
The viewgraph of cross-section (the details A of Fig. 5 D) of Fig. 8 A shows the example of flexible interconnection 400, flexible interconnection 400It is conductively joined to the rear surface terminal contact of superbattery in the adjacent edges of solar energy module, and under superbatterySide extends internally, thus invisible from the front of solar energy module.Additional encapsulant item may be provided at interconnection piece 400 with it is superBetween the rear surface of battery, as shown in the figure.
The viewgraph of cross-section (the details B of Fig. 5 B) of Fig. 8 B shows the front surface terminal for being conductively joined to superbatteryThe example of the flexible interconnection 400 of contact.
The viewgraph of cross-section (the details C of Fig. 5 B) of Fig. 8 C shows the example of shared flexible interconnection 400, and shared is softProperty interconnection piece 400 is conductively joined to the front surface terminal contact an of superbattery and the rear surface of another superbatteryTerminal contact, so that the two superbatteries are electrically connected in series.
The flexible interconnection for being electrically connected to the front surface terminal contact of superbattery can be constructed or be arranged to only in the sunOccupying in the front surface of energy module can be for example positioned at the relatively narrow width of solar energy module adjacent edges.It is such in module front surfaceWidth of the region that interconnection piece occupies on the direction perpendicular to superbattery edge may be relatively narrow, e.g., less than or equal to about10mm, less than or equal to about 5mm, or less than or equal to about 3mm.In the arrangement shown in such as Fig. 8 B, flexible interconnection 400It can be configured to its of length no more than this distance extended to except superbattery end.Fig. 8 D to Fig. 8 G is shown will be flexibleInterconnection piece is electrically connected to the additional example of the arrangement of the front surface terminal contact of superbattery, these arrangements can be only before moduleRelatively narrow width is occupied on surface.Such arrangement helps to effectively utilize the front surface area of module to generate electric power.
Fig. 8 D shows the front surface terminal contact for being conductively joined to superbattery, and at the edge of superbatterySurrounding folds into the flexible interconnection 400 at superbattery rear portion.The insulating film 435 that can be coated in advance in flexible interconnection 400It may be provided between flexible interconnection 400 and the rear surface of superbattery.
Fig. 8 E shows the flexible interconnection 400 including thin narrowband 440, wherein thin narrowband 440 not only conductively engagesTo the front surface terminal contact of superbattery, it is also conductively joined to the thin broadband in the rear surface extension behind of superbattery445.The insulating film 435 that can be coated on thin broadband 445 in advance may be provided at thin broadband 445 and superbattery rear surface itBetween.
Fig. 8 F shows the front surface terminal contact for being joined to superbattery, and by crimped at the flexible interconnection of flatwise coilPart 400, the flexible interconnection 400 only occupy relatively narrow width in the front surface of solar energy module.
Flexible interconnection 400 shown in Fig. 8 G include conductively be joined to superbattery front surface terminal contact it is thinBand part, and the part that cross section near superbattery is thicker.
In Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 G, flexible interconnection 400 all can be such as (e.g.) shown in Fig. 6, along the complete of superbattery edgeIt is long to extend (for example, extending into the drawing page).
Optionally, it can be covered originally from the visible part in the front of module by dark film or coating in flexible interconnection 400,Or otherwise dye, to mitigate the vision between the interconnection piece and superbattery that are perceived by the normal observer of colour visionComparison.For example, optional dark film or coating 425 cover on interconnection piece 400 originally from the front of module in Fig. 8 CPart.Visible part can be similarly covered or dye originally in interconnection piece 400 shown in other accompanying drawings.
Conventional solar energy module generally includes three or more bypass diodes, wherein each bypass diode and stringOne group of 18 to 24 silicon solar cell of connection connection are connected in parallel.It may be in reverse-biased solar battery this is done to limitThe amount of the middle electric power being dissipated as heat.Due to solar battery existing defects, front surface it is dirty or by uneven irradiation,Reduce its and transmit the ability of electric current generated in battery strings, thus solar battery be likely to become it is reverse-biased.Reverse-biased solar-electricityThe heat generated in pond depends on the voltage at solar battery both ends and flows through the electric current of solar battery.If reverse-biased solar energyThe voltage at battery both ends is more than the breakdown voltage of solar battery, then the heat to dissipate in battery will be equal to breakdown voltage multiplied by electricityThe total current generated in the string of pond.Silicon solar cell usually has the breakdown voltage of 16 to 30 volts.Due to each silicon solar electricityPond generates about 0.64 volt of voltage at work, so the battery strings that 24 or more solar batteries are constituted can be in reverse-biased solar energyBattery both ends generate the voltage more than breakdown voltage.
In and the conventional solar energy module that is interconnected by welding separated from one another in solar battery, heat is not easy to be transmitted remoteSolar battery from fever.Therefore, the electric power that solar battery dissipates under breakdown voltage may be in solar cellsPerhaps, fire can also be caused so as to cause apparent thermal damage by generating hot spot.So in conventional solar energy module, every group18 to 24 series connection solar batteries just need a bypass diode, with ensure in battery strings it is none of tooPositive energy battery can be by reverse-biased more than breakdown voltage.
It has been found by the applicant that heat be transmitted through readily along silicon superbattery between adjacent overlapping silicon solar cell compared withThin not only conductive but also thermally conductive engagement.In addition, the electric current for flowing through the superbattery in solar energy module as described herein is usually smallIn the electric current for flowing through a string of conventional solar batteries, the reason is that superbattery as described herein is usually by stacking formula rectangle solar energyBattery is formed, wherein the effective area of each rectangle solar battery be both less than conventional solar battery effective area (for example,It is the 1/6 of the latter).In addition, the rectangular aspect ratio of usually used solar battery makes between adjacent solar battery hereinThermal contact area with stretching, extension.Therefore, the reverse-biased solar battery for breakdown voltage only dissipates less heat, and heat is easy toSuperbattery and solar energy module are spread across, without will form dangerous hot spot.Applicant accordingly recognize that, as described hereinThe solar energy module formed by superbattery can be used than usually think need much less bypass diode.
For example, the solar battery for including can be used in some variations of solar energy module as described hereinNumber N be greater than 25, greater than or equal to about 30, greater than or equal to about 50, greater than or equal to about 70 or greater than or equal to about 100Superbattery does not have single solar battery or groups of solar battery of the sum less than N and bypass wherein in superbatteryDiode individually electrical connection in parallel.Optionally, the complete superbattery of these length can electricity in parallel with single bypass diodeConnection.It is optionally possible to use the superbattery of these length in the case where no bypass diode.
Several additional and optional design feature can make the solar energy module for using superbattery as described hereinIt is more tolerant of the heat to dissipate in reverse-biased solar battery.Referring again to Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C, encapsulant 4101 can be or can wrapContaining thermoplastic olefin (TPO) polymer, TPO encapsulant is better than the ethylene-vinyl acetate of standard to the stability of light, heat(EVA) encapsulant.EVA just will become brown once being heated or being irradiated by ultraviolet light, and causes current limliting battery to generate hot spot and askTopic.Using TPO encapsulant, these problems are able to mitigate or avoid completely.In addition, solar energy module can have double-sided glass knotStructure, wherein transparent front plate 420 and back plate 430 are all glass.This double-sided glass structure makes solar energy module than typical polymerizationIt also being capable of trouble free service at the higher temperature of temperature of object back plate tolerance.In addition, solar energy module can be mounted on terminal boxOn one or more edges, rather than solar energy module is behind, if being mounted on solar energy module behind, terminal box can be in mouldAbove block, additional thermal insulation layer is added for the solar battery in module.
Fig. 9 A shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy including six stacking formula rectangle superbatteries for being arranged to six rowsModule, wherein every row extends the length of solar energy module long side.This six superbatteries are connected in parallel to each other electrical connection, and with settingBypass diode parallel connection electrical connection in the terminal box 490 in solar energy module rear surface.Superbattery and bypass diodeBetween electrical connection be made into across insertion module laminate structures welding 450.
Fig. 9 B shows another exemplary rectangular including six stacking formula rectangle superbatteries for being arranged to six rowsSolar energy module, wherein every row extends the length of solar energy module long side.These superbatteries are connected in parallel to each other electrical connection.SeparationPlus end terminal box 490P and negative terminal terminal box 490N solar energy module is set in the rear surface of solar energy moduleOpposite end.Superbattery by the external cable 455 extended between the two terminal boxes and be located in one of wiringBypass diode parallel connection electrical connection in box.
Fig. 9 C to Fig. 9 D includes the exemplary double-sided glass square for being arranged to six stacking formula rectangle superbatteries of six rowsShape solar energy module, wherein every row extends solar energy module long side in the laminate structures for including glass front plate and back glassLength.These superbatteries are connected in parallel to each other electrical connection.Isolated plus end terminal box 490P and negative terminal terminal box 490N pacifiesIn the opposite edges of solar energy module.
Stacking formula superbattery is used in module placement, is installation module level electric power controller (for example, DC/AC is micro-Inverter, DC/DC modular power optimizer, voltage intelligent switch and relevant apparatus) provide unique chance.Module level functionThe key feature of rate management system is can to optimize power.The superbattery for being such as described herein and using can produce than traditional panel moreHigh voltage.In addition, superbattery module placement can also be by module subregion.Voltage increases, subregion increases, these are all optimization functionThe potential benefit of rate.
Fig. 9 E shows a kind of exemplary architecture that module level power management is carried out using stacking formula superbattery.Scheme hereinIn, exemplary rectangular solar energy module includes six stacking formula rectangle superbatteries for being arranged to six rows, wherein every row prolongsStretch the length of solar energy module long side.Three pairs of superbatteries are separately connected to power management system 460, are then able to more discreteThe power of ground optimization module.
Fig. 9 F shows another exemplary architecture that module level power management is carried out using stacking formula superbattery.HereinIn figure, exemplary rectangular solar energy module includes six stacking formula rectangle superbatteries for being arranged to six rows, wherein every row isExtend the length of solar energy module long side.Six superbatteries are separately connected to power management system 460, are then able to more divideThe on the spot power of optimization module.
Fig. 9 G shows another exemplary architecture that module level power management is carried out using stacking formula superbattery.HereinIn figure, exemplary rectangular solar energy module include be arranged to six rows or more row six or more stacking formula rectangles it is superBattery 998, wherein three pairs or more are separately connected to bypass diode or power management system 460 to superbattery, thenIt is capable of the power of more discretely optimization module.
Fig. 9 H shows another exemplary architecture that module level power management is carried out using stacking formula superbattery.HereinIn figure, exemplary rectangular solar energy module include be arranged to six rows or more row six or more stacking formula rectangles it is superBattery 998, wherein every two superbattery is connected in series, and all superbatteries are to being connected in parallel.Bypass diode or power tubeReason system 460 is parallel-connected to all superbatteries pair, to allow the power of optimization module.
In some variations, due to execution module grade power management, allow to save side all on solar energy moduleRoad diode, while also eliminating the risk for hot spot occur.This is realized by integrating voltage on module level intelligently.By prisonControl the voltage output of the solar battery circuit (for example, one or more superbatteries) in solar energy module, " intelligent switch "Electric power controller just can determine whether the circuit includes any number of reverse-biased solar battery.If detecting the presence of reverse-biasedSolar battery, then (for example) relay switch or other component just can be used in electric power controller, by corresponding circuit from electricitySystem disconnects.For example, if the voltage of the solar battery circuit of monitoring drops to predetermined threshold (VLimit) hereinafter, power managementDevice will just cut off the circuit (making its open circuit), while ensure that module or module string keep connection.
In certain embodiments, if the voltage of circuit decrease beyond one compared to other circuits in same solar arrayFixed percentage or amplitude (for example, 20% or 10V), which will be cut off.Since intermodule communicates with each other, so electronics devicePart will test this variation.
The specific implementation of this voltage intelligence can be integrated into existing module level power management solution (for example,Enphase Energy Co., Ltd, Solaredge Technologies Co., Ltd, Tigo Energy Co., Ltd proposeSolution) or customization circuit design.
It illustrates how to calculate threshold voltage VLimitAn example are as follows:
CellVoc@Low Irr&High Temp×Nnumber of cells in series–VrbReverse breakdown voltage≤VLimit,
Wherein:
·CellVoc@Low Irr&High TempOpen-circuit voltage (the minimum expection work of=battery to work under Low emissivity and high temperatureMake Voc)；
·Nnumber of cells in seriesThe quantity for the battery being connected in series in=monitored each superbattery；
·VrbReverse breakdown voltage=electric current is transmitted through battery needed for bucking voltage.
(for example) more than 100 silicon solars are allowed using this method that intelligent switch carries out module level power managementBattery is connected in series in individual module, the reliability without influencing safety and module.In addition, this intelligent switch can be used to limitSystem enters the string voltage of central inverter.Therefore mountable longer module string, the safety without worrying related to voltage are askedTopic or licence limit.If string voltage rises to limit value, the most weak module of electric current can be bypassed and (turned off).
Figure 10 A, Figure 11 A, Figure 12 A, Figure 13 A, Figure 13 B and Figure 14 B being described below are using stacking formula superbatterySolar energy module provide additional exemplary circuit schematic diagram.Figure 10 B-1, Figure 10 B-2, Figure 11 B-1, Figure 11 B-2, figure11C-1, Figure 11 C-2, Figure 12 B-1, Figure 12 B-2, Figure 12 C-1, Figure 12 C-2, Figure 12 C-3, Figure 13 C-1, Figure 13 C-2, Figure 14 C-1Example physical layout corresponding with these circuit diagrams is provided with Figure 14 C-2.When describing physical layout, it is assumed that eachThe front surface terminal contacts of superbattery have negative polarity, and the rear surface terminal contacts of each superbattery have anodeProperty.If the superbattery that in contrast, module uses has the front surface terminal contacts of positive polarity and the rear surface of negative polarityTerminal contacts, then by it is positive and negative exchange and the orientation of bypass diode is overturned, so that it may change hereafter to the discussion of physical layout.ThisSome in the various buses referred in the description of a little attached drawings can for example be formed by above-mentioned interconnection piece 400.It is retouched in these attached drawingsOther buses stated can for example be implemented with the welding of the laminate structures of insertion solar energy module or with external cable.
Figure 10 A shows the exemplary circuit schematic diagram of solar energy module as shown in Figure 5 B, and wherein solar energy module includesThe length of 10 rectangle superbatteries 100, each rectangle superbattery 100 is approximately equal to the length of solar energy module short side.Superbattery is disposed in solar energy module, and long side is parallel to the short side orientation of module.All superbatteries all with bypassThe electrical connection in parallel of diode 480.
Figure 10 B-1 and Figure 10 B-2 show the example physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 10 A.Bus 485N will surpassNegative (front surface) terminal contacts of grade battery 100 are connected to the bypass diode in the terminal box 490 in module rear surface480 plus end.Positive (rear surface) terminal contacts of superbattery 100 are connected to the negative of bypass diode 480 by bus 485PTerminal.Bus 485P can be fully located at superbattery behind.The interconnection of bus 485N and/or bus 485N and superbattery occupiesA part in module front surface.
Figure 11 A shows the exemplary circuit schematic diagram of solar energy module as shown in Figure 5A, and wherein solar energy module includesThe length of 20 rectangle superbatteries 100, each rectangle superbattery 100 is approximately equal to the one of solar energy module bond lengthHalf, and the end-to-end pairs of arrangement of these superbatteries, and form ten row's superbatteries.First superbattery in every row withFirst superbattery in other rows is connected in parallel, and is connected in parallel with bypass diode 500.Second in every row is superBattery is connected in parallel with second superbattery in other rows, and is connected in parallel with bypass diode 510.Two groups of superbatteriesIt is connected in series, two bypass diodes are also connected in series.
Figure 11 B-1 and Figure 11 B-2 show the example physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 11 A.In this set-up, oftenFirst superbattery in row has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts on the first side of module and along module centers lineRear surface (just) terminal contacts, and second superbattery in every row has (negative) end of front surface along module centers lineTerminal contacts and along in module with first rear surface (just) terminal contacts at opposite second.Bus 515N is by every rowFront surface (negative) terminal contacts of one superbattery are connected to the plus end of bypass diode 500.Bus 515P will be in every rowRear surface (just) terminal contacts of second superbattery are connected to the negative terminal of bypass diode 510.Bus 520 will be in every rowFront surface (negative) terminal contacts of second superbattery in rear surface (just) terminal contacts of first superbattery and every rowIt is connected to the negative terminal of bypass diode 500 and the plus end of bypass diode 510.
Bus 515P can be fully located at superbattery behind.The interconnection of bus 515N and/or bus 515N and superbatteryOccupy a part in module front surface.Bus 520 can occupy a part in module front surface, so need as shown in Figure 5AGap 210.Alternatively, bus 520 can be fully located at superbattery behind, and by the overlapped ends for being clipped in superbatteryBetween hiding interconnection piece and be electrically connected to superbattery.In this case, it is only necessary to the gap 210 of very little, or completelyGap is not needed.
Figure 11 C-1, Figure 11 C-2 and Figure 11 C-3 show another exemplary physical cloth of the solar energy module of Figure 11 AOffice.In this set-up, first superbattery in every row have along the first side of module front surface (negative) terminal contacts withAlong rear surface (just) terminal contacts of module centers line, and second superbattery in every row has along module centersRear surface (just) terminal contacts of line and along in module with first front surface (negative) terminal contacts at opposite second.AlwaysFront surface (negative) terminal contacts of first superbattery in every row are connected to the plus end of bypass diode 500 by line 525N.Front surface (negative) terminal contacts of second battery in every row are connected to negative terminal and the side of bypass diode 500 by bus 530NThe plus end of road diode 510.Rear surface (just) terminal contacts of first battery in every row are connected to bypass by bus 535PThe negative terminal of diode 500 and the plus end of bypass diode 510.Bus 540P is by the rear surface of second battery in every row(just) the terminal contacts negative terminal that is connected to bypass diode 510.
Bus 535P and bus 540P can be fully located at superbattery behind.Bus 525N and bus 530N and/or this twoThe interconnection of bus and superbattery occupies a part in module front surface.
Figure 12 A shows another exemplary circuit schematic diagram of solar energy module as shown in Figure 5A, wherein solar energy mouldBlock includes 20 rectangle superbatteries 100, and it is long that the length of each rectangle superbattery 100 is approximately equal to solar energy module short sideThe half of degree, and the end-to-end pairs of arrangement of these superbatteries, and form ten row's superbatteries.The circuit shown in Figure 12 AIn, superbattery is arranged to four groups: in the first set, first superbattery of upper five row is connected in parallel with each other, and with sideRoad diode 545 is connected in parallel；In the second set, second superbattery of upper five row is connected in parallel with each other, and with bypass twoPole pipe 550 is connected in parallel；In third group, first superbattery of lower five rows is connected in parallel with each other, and and bypass diode560 are connected in parallel；In the 4th group, second superbattery of lower five rows is connected in parallel with each other, and simultaneously with bypass diode 555Connection connection.This four groups of superbatteries are serially connected.Four bypass diodes are also connected in series.
Figure 12 B-1 and Figure 12 B-2 show the example physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 12 A.In this set-up,One group of superbattery has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts on the first side of module and along the rear surface of module centers line(just) terminal contacts；Second group of superbattery has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts of module centers line and along in moduleWith first rear surface (just) terminal contacts at opposite second；After third group superbattery has along the first side of moduleSurface (just) terminal contacts and front surface (negative) terminal contacts along module centers line；4th group of superbattery has along mouldRear surface (just) terminal contacts of block center line and front surface (negative) terminal contacts along the second side of module.
Front surface (negative) terminal contacts of superbattery in first group of superbattery are connected to each other by bus 565N, will alsoThese terminal contacts are connected to the plus end of bypass diode 545.Bus 570 is by the superbattery in first group of superbatteryRear surface (just) terminal contacts and front surface (negative) terminal contacts of the superbattery in second group of superbattery are connected to each other, alsoThese terminal contacts are connected to the negative terminal of bypass diode 545 and the plus end of bypass diode 550.Bus 575 is byBefore superbattery in rear surface (just) terminal contacts of superbattery in two groups of superbatteries and the 4th group of superbatterySurface (negative) terminal contacts are connected to each other, these terminal contacts are also connected to negative terminal and the bypass two of bypass diode 550The plus end of pole pipe 555.Bus 580 is by rear surface (just) terminal contacts and third of the superbattery in the 4th group of superbatteryFront surface (negative) terminal contacts of superbattery in group superbattery are connected to each other, these terminal contacts are also connected to bypassThe negative terminal of diode 555 and the plus end of bypass diode 560.Bus 585P is by the superbattery in third group superbatteryRear surface (just) terminal contacts be connected to each other, these terminal contacts are also connected to the negative terminal of bypass diode 560.
The part and bus 585P for the superbattery being connected in second group of superbattery in bus 575 can be fully located atSuperbattery is behind.Before the interconnection of the remainder and bus 565N and/or the two and superbattery of bus 575 occupies moduleA part on surface.
Bus 570 and bus 580 can occupy a part in module front surface, so need gap as shown in Figure 5A210.Alternatively, this two buses can be fully located at superbattery behind, and by be clipped in superbattery overlapped ends itBetween hiding interconnection piece and be electrically connected to superbattery.In this case, it is only necessary to the gap 210 of very little, or completely notNeed gap.
Figure 12 C-1, Figure 12 C-2 and Figure 12 C-3 show the alternate physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 12 A.The layoutCome single terminal box 490 shown in alternate figures 12B-1 and Figure 12 B-2, but its other party using two terminal boxes 490A and 490BFace is identical as Figure 12 B-1 and Figure 12 B-2.
Figure 13 A shows another exemplary circuit schematic diagram of solar energy module as shown in Figure 5A, wherein solar energy mouldBlock includes 20 rectangle superbatteries 100, and it is long that the length of each rectangle superbattery 100 is approximately equal to solar energy module short sideThe half of degree, and the end-to-end pairs of arrangement of these superbatteries, and form ten row's superbatteries.The circuit shown in Figure 13 AIn, superbattery is arranged to four groups: in the first set, first superbattery of upper five row is connected in parallel with each other；SecondIn group, second superbattery of upper five row is connected in parallel with each other；In third group, first superbattery of lower five rows is each otherIt is connected in parallel；In the 4th group, second superbattery of lower five rows is connected in parallel with each other.First group and second group is one another in seriesConnection, thus be connected in parallel with bypass diode 590.Third group and the 4th group are serially connected, thus with another bypassDiode 595 is connected in parallel.First, second group is also connected in series with third, the 4th group of series connection, two bypass diodes.
Figure 13 C-1 and Figure 13 C-2 show the example physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 13 A.In this set-up,One group of superbattery has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts on the first side of module and along the rear surface of module centers line(just) terminal contacts；Second group of superbattery has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts of module centers line and along in moduleWith first rear surface (just) terminal contacts at opposite second；After third group superbattery has along the first side of moduleSurface (just) terminal contacts and front surface (negative) terminal contacts along module centers line；4th group of superbattery has along mouldRear surface (just) terminal contacts of block center line and front surface (negative) terminal contacts along the second side of module.
Front surface (negative) terminal contacts of first group of superbattery are connected to each other by bus 600, also by these terminal contactsIt is connected to rear surface (just) terminal contacts of third group superbattery, the plus end and bypass diode 595 of bypass diode 590Negative terminal.Rear surface (just) terminal contacts of first group of superbattery are connected to each other by bus 605, also by these terminal contactsIt is connected to front surface (negative) terminal contacts of second group of superbattery.Bus 610P is by the rear surface (just) of second group of superbatteryTerminal contacts are connected to each other, these terminal contacts are also connected to the negative terminal of bypass diode 590.Bus 615N is by the 4th groupFront surface (negative) terminal contacts of superbattery are connected to each other, these terminal contacts are also being connected to bypass diode 595 justTerminal.Front surface (negative) terminal contacts of third group superbattery are connected to each other by bus 620, also connect these terminal contactsTo rear surface (just) terminal contacts of the 4th group of superbattery.
The part and bus 610P for the superbattery being connected in third group superbattery in bus 600 can be fully located atSuperbattery is behind.Before the interconnection of the remainder and bus 615N and/or the two and superbattery of bus 600 occupies moduleA part on surface.
Bus 605 and bus 620 occupy a part in module front surface, so need gap 210 as shown in Figure 5A.Alternatively, this two buses can be fully located at superbattery behind, and by being clipped between the overlapped ends of superbatteryHiding interconnection piece and be electrically connected to superbattery.In this case, it is only necessary to the gap 210 of very little, or completely withoutGap.
Figure 13 B shows the exemplary circuit schematic diagram of solar energy module as shown in Figure 5 B, and wherein solar energy module includesThe length of 10 rectangle superbatteries 100, each rectangle superbattery 100 is approximately equal to the length of solar energy module short side.Superbattery is disposed in solar energy module, and long side is parallel to the short side orientation of module.In the circuit shown in Figure 13 B,Superbattery is arranged to two groups: in the first set, upper five superbatteries are connected in parallel with each other, and with bypass diode 590It is connected in parallel；In the second set, lower five superbatteries are connected in parallel with each other, and are connected in parallel with bypass diode 595.This twoGroup superbattery is serially connected.Two bypass diodes are also connected in series.
The circuit diagram of Figure 13 B and the difference of Figure 13 A are super instead of row two every in Figure 13 A with single superbatteryGrade battery.Therefore, the physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 13 B can be as shown in Figure 13 C-1, Figure 13 C-2 and Figure 13 C-3, but savesBus 605 and bus 620 are gone.
Figure 14 A shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 700 including 24 rectangle superbatteries 100, wherein eachThe length of rectangle superbattery is approximately equal to the half of solar energy module bond length.The end-to-end pairs of arrangement of superbattery,And 12 row's superbatteries are formed, wherein the row of superbattery and long side are parallel to the short side orientation of solar energy module.
Figure 14 B shows the exemplary circuit schematic diagram of solar energy module as shown in Figure 14 A.The circuit shown in Figure 14 BIn, superbattery is arranged to three groups: in the first set, first superbattery of upper eight row is connected in parallel with each other, and with sideRoad diode 705 is connected in parallel；In the second set, the superbattery of lower four rows is connected in parallel with each other, and with bypass diode 710It is connected in parallel；In third group, second superbattery of upper eight row is connected in parallel with each other, and in parallel with bypass diode 715Connection.This three groups of superbatteries are connected in series.Three bypass diodes are also connected in series.
Figure 14 C-1 and Figure 14 C-2 show the example physical layout of the solar energy module of Figure 14 B.In this set-up,One group of superbattery has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts on the first side of module and along the rear surface of module centers line(just) terminal contacts.In second group of superbattery, first superbattery in the lower every row of four rows has along module firstRear surface (just) terminal contacts on side and front surface (negative) terminal contacts along module centers line, second in the lower every row of four rowsA superbattery has along front surface (negative) terminal contacts of module centers line and along in module opposite with the first side theRear surface (just) terminal contacts on two sides.Third group superbattery has rear surface (just) terminal contacts along module centers lineWith rear surface (negative) terminal contacts along the second side of module.
Front surface (negative) terminal contacts of third group superbattery are connected to each other by bus 720N, also by these terminal contactsIt is connected to the plus end of bypass diode 705.Rear surface (just) terminal contacts of first group of superbattery are connected to by bus 725Front surface (negative) terminal contacts, the negative terminal of bypass diode 705 and the anode of bypass diode 710 of second group of superbatterySon.Rear surface (just) terminal contacts of third group superbattery are connected to each other by bus 730P, also connect these terminal contactsTo the negative terminal of bypass diode 715.Front surface (negative) terminal contacts of third group superbattery are connected to each other by bus 735,These terminal contacts are also connected to rear surface (just) terminal contacts of second group of superbattery, the negative terminal of bypass diode 710The plus end of son and bypass diode 715.
Part, bus 730P and the bus of the superbattery in first group of superbattery are connected in bus 725The part for the superbattery being connected in second group of superbattery in 735 can be fully located at superbattery behind.Bus 725The interconnection of remainder, the remainder of bus 735 and bus 720N and/or this three and superbattery occupies module front surfaceOn a part.
Bypass diode is contained in one or more terminal boxes in solar energy module rear surface by above-mentioned some examples.But this is not required.For example, some or all of bypass diode can be configured to around the periphery of solar energy moduleIt is coplanar with superbattery, may be disposed in the gap between superbattery, also may be disposed at superbattery behind.SuchIn the case of, bypass diode can be (for example) arranged in the laminate structures for being wherein packaged with superbattery.Therefore, two poles are bypassedThe position of pipe is dispersible, and bypass diode can take out from terminal box, this facilitates the single terminal wiring separated with twoBox replacement had not only included module plus end but also had included the center links box of module negative terminal, described two isolated single terminal terminal boxesIt can be for example in the rear surface of solar energy module near the outer edge of solar energy module.This method overall reduction is tooThe length of the current path in the wiring between the current path and solar energy module in ribbon conductor in positive energy module, thisNot only material cost can be reduced, but also modular power can be increased (due to reducing resistive power loss).
For example, with reference to Figure 15, mutually for the various electricity of solar energy module shown in Fig. 5 B and the circuit diagram with Figure 10 ABypass diode 480 and two single terminal terminal boxes in superbattery laminate structures can be used in physical layout even490P,490N.It, can cognitive map 15 well by Figure 15 with Figure 10 B-1 compared with Figure 10 B-2.Can similarly modify it is above-mentioned itsHis module placement.
The rectangle solar battery for reducing (area reduction) using above-mentioned electric current can be conducive to as just description in layerIt closes and uses bypass diode in structure, the reason is that the function that the solar battery that electric current reduces dissipates in positive bias bypass diodeRate is smaller than use stock size solar battery in the case where the power that dissipates.Therefore, the solar energy mould of this specification descriptionBypass diode in block needs the heat distributed may be fewer than regular situation, so can move from the terminal box in module rear surfaceOut and move into laminate structures.
Single solar energy module may include interconnection piece, other conducting wires and/or bypass diode, and the bypass diode is supportedTwo or more electricity configurations, for example, supporting two or more above-mentioned electricity configurations.In such cases, for operating tooThe specific configuration of positive energy module can be selected for example from two or more alternative solutions using switch and/or wire jumper.It is differentConfiguration the superbattery of different number can be connected and/or in parallel, and provide voltage output by solar energy module and electric current is defeatedVarious combination out.Therefore, this solar energy module can be configured in factory or erecting bed from two or moreIt is selected in the different voltage and current combination of kind, for example, between high voltage low current configuration and low voltage and high current configurationIt is selected.
Figure 16 shows the intelligent switch module level power management dress as described above being located between two solar energy modulesSet 750 exemplary arrangement.
Referring now to Figure 17, the illustrative methods 800 for making such as solar energy module disclosed in this specification includeThe following steps.In step 810, by the solar battery of stock size (for example, 156mm × 156mm or 125mm ×It 125mm) cuts and/or cuts, obtain relatively narrow rectangle solar battery " item ".(referring also to such as Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 E, andRelevant description above).The solar battery item optionally tested, then according to its current-voltage performance by its pointClass.Current-voltage Performance Match or the battery of approximate match are advantageously used in the same superbattery, or are used for same rowIn the superbattery of series connection.For example, it may be possible to advantageously, be connected in series in a superbattery or in row's superbatteryBattery generated under same irradiation condition matching or approximate match electric current.
In step 815, the conduction between the lap that solar battery adjacent in superbattery is set is utilizedSolar battery item, is assembled into superbattery by property adhesive bond material.Can for example by ink jet printing or silk-screen printing comeApply conductive adhesive grafting material.
In step 820, apply heat and pressure, connect the conductive adhesive between the solar battery in superbatteryCondensation material is cured or partially cured.In a kind of variations, after each additional solar battery is added to superbattery,First make the conduction between newly added solar battery and adjacent overlapping solar battery (being a part of superbattery)Property adhesive bond material solidification or partially cured, then add next solar battery to superbattery.In another modificationIt, can more than two solar batteries in overlap mode setting superbattery as needed first or whole solar-electricity in formPond, then it is cured or partially cured conductive adhesive grafting material.The superbattery that the step obtains optionally is tested, soClassified afterwards according to its current-voltage performance.Current-voltage Performance Match or the superbattery of approximate match can be used advantageouslyIn same row's superbattery, or in the same solar energy module.For example, it may be possible to which advantageously, electrical connection in parallel surpassesGrade battery or each row's superbattery generate the voltage of matching or approximate match under same irradiation condition.
In step 825, layered structure is arranged in by the superbattery that required module configuration will be cured or partially curedIn and interconnected, (day side) plate and (optionally transparent) back plate before which includes encapsulating material, is transparent.LayeringStructure may include the first layer encapsulant being (for example) located in glass substrate, the super electricity of interconnection being arranged into first layer encapsulantPond (day side is downward), the second layer encapsulant on superbattery layer, and the back plate in second layer encapsulant.?Any other suitable arrangement can be used.
In lamination step 830, applies heat and pressure to layered structure, form cured laminate structures.
In a kind of variations of the method shown in Figure 17, the solar battery of stock size is divided into solar batteryThen conductive adhesive grafting material is applied on each individual solar battery item by item.In a kind of substitute variants shapeIn formula, first conductive adhesive grafting material is applied on the solar battery of stock size, then solar battery is divided intoSolar battery item.
In curing schedule 820, conductive adhesive grafting material can be fully cured, can also be only partially cured.If onlyPartially cured, then conductive adhesive grafting material initially can partially cured in step 820 (cured degree be enough to facilitate shiftingDynamic and interconnection superbattery), then just it is fully cured in subsequent lamination step 830.
In some variations, be assembled as the intermediate products of method 800 superbattery 100 include multiple rectangles tooPositive energy battery 10, these rectangle solar batteries 10 are arranged to the long side overlapping of adjacent solar battery as described above and conductIt engages to property, and interconnection piece is joined to terminal contact in the opposite two ends of superbattery.
Figure 30 A shows electrical interconnection and is joined to the exemplary super of its front surface terminal contact and rear surface terminal contactBattery.The terminal edge that electrical interconnection is parallel to superbattery extends, and extends transverse to except superbattery, to promote and phaseAdjacent superbattery is electrically interconnected.
Figure 30 B shows superbattery shown in two Figure 30 A of interconnected in parallel.Originally from the front of module in interconnection pieceVisible part can be capped or dye (for example, deepen), with mitigate the interconnection piece perceived by the normal observer of colour vision withVisual contrast between superbattery.In the example shown in Figure 30 A, interconnection piece 850 is on one end (right side of attached drawing of superbatterySide) it is conductively joined to the front terminals contact of the first polarity (for example, -), another interconnection piece 850 is in superbatteryThe other end (left side of attached drawing) be conductively joined to opposite polarity rear terminal contact.Interconnection piece 850 and it is above-mentioned otherInterconnection piece is similar, can (for example) by identical conductive adhesive grafting material used between solar battery conductivelyIt is joined to superbattery, but this is not required.In the example shown in the series of figures, a part of each interconnection piece 850 is perpendicular to superGrade battery long axis (and the long axis for being parallel to solar battery 10) side extend up to superbattery 100 edge itOutside.As shown in figure 30b, this allows to be arranged side by side two or more superbatteries 100, makes the interconnection of one of superbatteryPart 850 is overlapped and is conductively bonded on the correspondence interconnection piece 850 of adjacent superbattery, thus by two superbattery parallel connectionsIt is electrically interconnected.850 interconnected in series of such interconnection piece that several had just been described, can form the bus of module.If for example,The full duration or overall length (for example, Fig. 5 B) of each superbattery extension of module, then this arrangement may be very applicable.In addition, mutuallyEven part 850 can also be used to for the terminal contact of two adjacent superbatteries in row's superbattery being electrically connected in series.It is similar toIt is interconnection piece 850 in a row is Chong Die with the interconnection piece 850 in adjacent row and conductively engage shown in Figure 30 B, a row it is interior atPair or more long string of such interconnection superbattery in parallel with the superbattery interconnected in a similar manner in adjacent row can be electrically connectedIt connects.
Interconnection piece 850 can be for example punched from conductive plate, be then optionally patterned, with increase its with it is superThe edge-perpendicular of battery and the mechanical plasticity on the two parallel directions, to reduce or reconcile at the edge with superbatteryOn vertical and parallel direction because of caused by the CTE mismatch of the CTE of interconnection piece and superbattery stress.This patterning can wrapIt includes and (for example) forms slit, slit or hole (not shown).Interconnection piece 850 and its machine engaged with the one or more of superbatteryTool plasticity is sufficiently large so that superbattery be connected in lamination process and (be described in more detail) can becauseIt is remained intact under stress caused by CTE mismatch.Interconnection piece 850 can be by (for example) as described above for engaging the solar energy of overlappingThe mechanical plasticity conductive bonding material of battery is joined to superbattery.Optionally, conductive bonding material can be only positioned at along superMultiple discrete positions of grade battery edge substantially extend the continuous lines of the length at superbattery edge without being formed, it is intended to subtractIt is small or reconcile on the direction for being parallel to superbattery edge, because the thermal expansion coefficient of conductive bonding material or interconnection piece with it is superStress caused by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch of battery.
Interconnection piece 850 can (for example) be cut from scale copper, if superbattery 100 is by area ratio standard silicon solar cellSmall solar battery is formed, thus operating current is less than conventional current, then interconnection piece 850 may be interconnected than conventional conductibilityPart is thin.For example, interconnection piece 850 can be by forming with a thickness of about 50 microns to about 300 microns of copper sheet.Interconnection piece 850 can be sufficiently thinAnd it is sufficiently flexible, to be similar to above-mentioned interconnection piece, the edge fold of the superbattery engaged around it to edge behind.
Figure 19 A to Figure 19 D shows several exemplary arrangement, when using these arrangements, applies heat during method 800And pressure, so that it may make the conductive adhesive grafting material solidification or partially solid between solar battery adjacent in superbatteryChange.Any other suitable arrangement can also be used.
In fig. 19 a, apply heat and local pressure, be cured or partially cured in a joint portion (overlapping region) every timeConductive adhesive grafting material 12.Superbattery can be supported by surface 1000, and can for example be connect with bar, pin or other machineryTouching is mechanically to apply pressure from upper direction joint portion.Can be for example with hot-air (or other hot gas), infrared lamp, or pass throughLocal pressure is applied to the Mechanical Contact at joint portion by heating, applies heat to joint portion.
In fig. 19b, the arrangement of Figure 19 A is extended to simultaneously be applied to heat and local pressure multiple in superbatteryThe batch process at joint portion.
In Figure 19 C, uncured superbattery is clipped in release liner 1015 and reusable thermoplastic sheet 1020Between, and be arranged on the board 1010 supported by surface 1000.The thermoplastic material of thermoplastic sheet 1020 is chosen, Neng GouSuperbattery is able to melt at cured temperature.Release liner 1015 can be formed for example by glass fibre and PTFE, solidifiedSuperbattery is not reattached to after journey.Preferably, release liner 1015 by thermal expansion coefficient and solar battery thermal expansionCoefficient (for example, CTE of silicon) matching or substantially matched material are formed.If this is because the CTE and the sun of release linerThe CTE difference of energy battery is too big, then solar battery and release liner can extend different amounts in the curing process, this often existsSuperbattery is pulled apart along longitudinal direction at joint portion.Vacuum capsule 1005 is covered on the arrangement above.Such as pass through 1000 He of heating surfaceBoard 1010, and uncured superbattery is heated from below, then vacuumized between capsule 1005 and support surface 1000.Therefore, hydrostatic pressure is applied to superbattery by the thermoplastic sheet 1020 melted by vacuum capsule 1005.
In Figure 19 D, uncured superbattery transports through baking oven 1035 by porous mobile band 1025, and baking oven 1035 is rightSuperbattery is heated.Solar battery 10 is pulled into mobile band by the vacuum that the perforation in band applies, thus to batteryBetween joint portion apply pressure.During superbattery passes through baking oven, the conductive adhesive in these joint portions is connectCondensation material solidification.Preferably, porous belts 1025 matched by CTE with the CTE (for example, CTE of silicon) of solar battery or substantiallyMatched material is formed.This is because if the CTE of porous belts 1025 differs too big with the CTE of solar battery, then solar energyBattery and porous belts can extend different amounts in baking oven 1035, this often along longitudinal direction pulls apart superbattery at joint portion.
The method 800 of Figure 17 includes the steps that the step of different solidification superbatteries and lamination superbattery, thus producesThe intermediate products of superbattery are given birth to.In contrast, method 900 shown in Figure 18 will solidify the step of superbattery and lamination is superThe step of grade battery, is combined.In step 910, by the solar battery of stock size (for example, 156mm × 156mm, orPerson 125mm × 125mm) it cuts and/or cuts, obtain relatively narrow rectangle solar battery item.Optionally test obtains tooPositive energy cell strip, is then classified.
In step 915, is configured by required module and solar battery item is arranged in layered structure, the layered structureIncluding encapsulating material, it is transparent before (day side) plate and back plate.Utilize the weight that solar battery adjacent in superbattery is setSolar battery item, is arranged to superbattery by the uncured conductive adhesive grafting material between folded part.(can for example it lead toInk jet printing or silk-screen printing are crossed to apply conductive adhesive grafting material).Then interconnection piece is arranged, configuration as needed willUncured superbattery is electrically interconnected.Layered structure may include the first layer encapsulant being (for example) located in glass substrate, arrangementInterconnection superbattery (day side is downward) on to first layer encapsulant, the second layer encapsulant on superbattery layer, withAnd the back plate in second layer encapsulant.Any other suitable arrangement can also be used.
In lamination step 920, apply heat and pressure to layered structure, so that the conductive adhesive in superbattery connectsCondensation material solidification, to form cured laminate structures.For the conductive adhesive of interconnection piece engagement to superbattery is connectCondensation material can also solidify in this step.
In a kind of variations of method 900, the solar battery of stock size is divided into solar battery item, thenConductive adhesive grafting material is applied on each individual solar battery item.In a kind of substitute variants form, firstConductive adhesive grafting material is applied on the solar battery of stock size, then solar battery is divided into solar-electricityPond item.For example, the solar battery of multiple stock sizes can be placed on large form, conducted then to being distributed on solar batteryProperty adhesive bond material, while solar battery is divided into solar battery item with large-scale jig.Obtained solar batteryItem then can transportation of unitized load, and be arranged as described above by required module configuration.
As described above, in some variations of method 800 and method 900, first conductive adhesive grafting materialIt is applied on the solar battery of stock size, then solar battery is divided into solar battery item.By the sun of stock sizeWhen energy battery is divided and forms solar battery, conductive adhesive grafting material is uncured (that is, still " humidity ").At thisA little variations it is some in, conductive adhesive grafting material is applied on the solar battery of stock size (for example, borrowingHelp ink jet printing or silk-screen printing), it is then carved and is drawn on the solar cell using laser, carved line drawing with these and limit solar energyBattery will be cut to form the position of solar battery item, and then edge carves line drawing and cuts solar battery.In these modificationsIn form, the distance between laser power and/or quarter line drawing and adhesive bond material may be selected, to avoid laser productionRaw heat is incidentally cured or partially cured conductive adhesive grafting material.In other variations, laser is usedIt carves and draws on the solar battery of stock size, carving line drawing restriction solar battery with these will cut to form solar-electricityThe position of pond item is then applied on solar battery conductive adhesive grafting material (for example, by ink jet printing or silkWire mark brush), then solar battery is cut along quarter line drawing.It formerly carves in the variations drawn, it may be preferred to completeDuring the step of applying conductive adhesive grafting material, the solar battery carved and drawn incidentally will not be cut or destroyed.
Referring again to Figure 20 A to Figure 20 C, Figure 20 A schematically shows the side view of example devices 1050, the equipmentCan be used to cut applied conductive adhesive grafting material draw solar battery at quarter.It (executes to carve and draws and apply conductibilityThe sequencing of the two steps of adhesive bond material may be different).In the device, conductive adhesive engagement has been appliedMaterial and the bending that the stock size solar battery 45 drawn is conveyed through vacuum manifold 1070 by porous mobile band 1060 is carvedPart.When solar battery 45 passes through above the bending part of vacuum manifold, the vacuum applied by the hole in band is by the sunThe bottom surface of energy battery 45 pulls to vacuum manifold, thus is bent solar battery.Vacuum manifold bending part may be selectedRadius of curvature R, in order that solar battery is cut along line drawing is carved when being bent solar battery 45 in this way.Using thisThe benefit of kind of method is, it is not necessary to the top surface for having applied conductive adhesive grafting material of contact solar cell 45, justCleavable solar battery 45.
If preferably starting to cut (that is, an edge of solar battery 45) at the one end for carving line drawing,Using the equipment 1050 of Figure 20 A, by will (for example) carve line drawing be arranged to vacuum manifold orientation into θ angle so that for everyLine drawing is carved, one end more early reaches the bending part of vacuum manifold compared to the other end, so that it may realize this point.As shown in fig. 20b,For example, can be orientated to solar battery, it carves line drawing and the direction of travel of porous belts is at an angle, while manifold being orientated toIt is vertical with the direction of travel of porous belts.For another example, Figure 20 C show battery be oriented to its carve line drawing perpendicular to porous belts travelingDirection, at the same manifold be oriented to it is at an angle with the direction of travel of porous belts.
Any other suitable equipment can also be used cut applied conductive adhesive grafting material draw the sun at quarterEnergy battery, and form the solar battery item for being coated with conductive adhesive grafting material in advance.This equipment can (for example) makeWith roller, to apply pressure to the top surface for having applied conductive adhesive grafting material of solar battery.In such situationUnder, preferably roller only not yet applies on solar battery top surface contacts in the region of conductive adhesive grafting materialThe top surface.
In some variations, solar energy module includes being arranged to plurality of rows of surpass in white in other words reflexive back plateGrade battery, therefore not absorbed by solar battery initially then can be anti-by back plate across a part of solar radiation of solar batteryIt is emitted back towards solar battery, to generate electric power.Gap across each row's superbattery may can see reflexive back plate,This, which can lead to solar energy module and has looked like multiple rows of parallel bright line (for example, white line), extends through its front surface.For example, with reference toFig. 5 B, if superbattery 100 is disposed in white back plate, then the parallel concealed wire that extends between each row's superbattery 100White line may be looked like.Solar energy module is in some occasions in use, for example, in use, this phenomenon may on roofIt causes unsightly.
Referring to fig. 21, for the aesthetic effect for improving solar energy module, it includes dark fringe 1105 that some variations, which use,White back plate 1100, the location of these dark fringes correspond between each row's superbattery that will be arranged in back plateGap.Striped 1105 is sufficiently wide, so that can't see back plate through the gap between each row's superbattery in assembled moduleOn white portion.Which reduce by the visual contrast between the normal observer of the colour vision superbattery perceived and back plate.So the appearance of front surface still can be similar to for example shown in Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B although obtained module includes white back plateThe front surface appearance of module.Dark fringe 1105 can be formed (for example) with multistage dark strip, it is also possible to any other suitable sideFormula is formed.
As previously mentioned, each battery in masking solar energy module may generate " hot spot ", wherein not shielded batteryPower dissipates in shielded battery.The power of this dissipation generates local temperature peaks, may reduce the performance of module.
In order to utmostly mitigate the serious consequence that these hot spots may cause, it is common practice to two poles of insertion bypassPipe, a part as module.The maximum quantity of battery between bypass diode is set, for limiting the maximum temperature of module,And prevent module by irreversible destruction.In the standard layout of silion cell, every 20 or 24 batteries are bypassed using oneDiode, particular number are determined by the typical breakdown voltage of silion cell.In certain embodiments, breakdown voltage can be at about 10VTo 50V.In certain embodiments, breakdown voltage can be about 10V, about 15V, about 20V, about 25V, about 30V or about35V。
According to multiple embodiments, the solar battery item and thin heat-conductive bonding agent being cut into are covered, and improve solar-electricityThermo-contact between pond.Since thermo-contact enhances, so thermal diffusion degree is higher than traditional interconnection technique.It is each in conventional designBypass diode can only at most act on 24 or less than 24 solar batteries, in contrast, using based on this of stackingThermal diffusion design, each bypass diode can act on more long string of solar battery.According to multiple embodiments, due to coveringThermal diffusion is promoted, no longer needs so much bypass diode accordingly, this can provide one or more benefits.For example, due to notIt needs to provide a large amount of bypass diodes again, so the module placement of solar battery string length multiplicity can be formed.
According to multiple embodiments, thermal diffusion is realized with the physical engagement of adjacent cell with thermal bonding by maintaining.This permitsPerhaps enough heat is dissipated by joint portion.
In certain embodiments, the thickness at this joint portion maintains about 200 microns or smaller, and this joint portion withThe length of segmented version extension solar battery.According to embodiment, the thickness at this joint portion can be about 200 microns or smaller,About 150 microns or smaller, about 125 microns or smaller, about 100 microns or smaller, about 90 microns or smaller, about 80 microns or moreSmall, about 70 microns or smaller, about 50 microns or smaller, or about 25 microns or smaller.
Accurately carrying out curing process to adhesive may be critically important, since it may ensure that reliable joint portion is maintained,Reduce its thickness simultaneously, to promote the thermal diffusion between engaging battery.
Allow to install longer battery strings (for example, more than 24 batteries), makes the design of solar battery and module moreFlexibly.For example, battery strings of some embodiments using the cutting solar battery assembled in a manner of covering.Such configuration it is everyA module compares conventional modules, and available battery is significantly more.
It is the absence of heat diffusivity matter, then every 24 batteries just need a bypass diode.It is reduced in solar batteryIn the case where 1/6, the bypass diode number in each module will be 6 times in conventional module (not cutting battery composition by 3),Add up 18 diodes.Therefore, thermal diffusion substantially reduces bypass diode number.
In addition, needing bypass circuit to carry out completion bypass circuit diameter for each bypass diode.Each diode needsTwo interconnection points are wanted, and are connected to the conducting wire wiring of these interconnection points.This forms complicated circuit, causes and the assembling sunThe associated standard layout of energy module generates high cost.
In contrast, each module only needs a bypass diode, even entirely without side using thermal diffusion technologyRoad diode.This arrangement simplifies module assembled process, allow to execute layout manufacture step using simple automation toolsSuddenly.
Since a bypass protection is just arranged without every 24 batteries, so battery module becomes easier to manufacture.Also keep awayExempt from occur complicated branch (tap-out) in module, without forming longer parallel connection in bypass circuit.It is thisThermal diffusion is implemented by the long cell strip of stacking formula of the width and/or length of formation extension of module.
According to the stacking of multiple embodiments construction except in addition to providing thermal diffusion, additionally it is possible to reduce in solar battery and consumeThus the intensity of scattered electric current improves hot spot performance.In particular, during hot spot state, the electricity that dissipates in solar batteryFlow depends on cell area.
Battery can be divided into lesser region due to covering construction, so, flow through a battery in hot spot stateThe magnitude of current be division size function.During hot spot state, (usually LITHIUM BATTERY is lacked in current flowing resistance minimum pathFall into interface or grain boundary).It is beneficial to reduce this electric current, can utmostly reduce the wind of reliability failures under hot spot stateDanger.
Figure 22 A shows plan view when being in hot spot state using the conventional modules 2200 of conventional band connection 2201.Herein, the masking 2202 on a battery 2204 causes hot localized clusters in single battery.
In contrast, Figure 22 B shows plan view when being also at hot spot state using the module of thermal diffusion.Herein, electricMasking 2250 on pond 2252 generates heat in the battery.However, this thermal expansion be scattered in module 2256 other both electrically engagedThe battery 2254 of thermal bonding again.
It is further noted that the benefit for reducing dispersion current is at double for polycrystalline solar cell.It is known thisWhen class polycrystalline battery is under hot spot state, since there are high-grade defect interfaces, therefore performance is poor.
As described above, specific embodiment can be constructed using the stacking of chamfering cutting battery.In such cases, along eachClosing line between battery and adjacent cell reflects thermal diffusion advantage.
This increases to the bonding length of each overlapping j oint to greatest extent.Since joint portion is that heat from battery is diffused into electricityThe major interfaces in pond obtain optimal thermal diffusion effect so this length is increased to and can ensure that greatest extent.
Figure 23 A shows an example of the layout of the superbattery string with chamfering battery 2,302 2300.In this construction,Chamfering battery is orientated in same direction, therefore all joint portion conducting paths are all identical (125mm).
It is reverse-biased that masking 2306 on one battery 2304 causes the battery to occur.Then thermal expansion is scattered to adjacent cell.ChamferingThe non-engagement end portion 2304a of battery becomes most hot, because of its conducting path longest for arriving next battery.
Figure 23 B shows another example of the layout of the superbattery string with chamfering battery 2,352 2350.It constructs hereinIn, chamfering battery is orientated along different directions, some long edge facing each other of chamfering battery.This leads to the conducting path at joint portionThere are two length: 125mm and 156mm.
In the case where the experience of battery 2354 masking 2356, the construction of Figure 23 B is showed along longer bonding length to be changedKind thermal diffusion effect.Therefore, Figure 23 B shows the thermal diffusion in the superbattery of the chamfering battery with facing each other.
It is described above be absorbed in multiple solar batteries are assembled in a manner of stacking on a common substrate (can be to cut outSolar battery).This results in the module with single electrical interconnection-terminal box (or j-box).
However, need to usually install the multiple this moulds fitted together in itself to collect enough solar energy to be usedBlock.According to multiple embodiments, multiple solar cell modules can also be used stacking mode and assemble, to promote the area effect of arrayRate.
In certain embodiments, the feature of module may be to have top conduction weldering on the direction towards solar energyBand, and there is bottom conductive welding on the direction back to solar energy.
Bottom welding is embedded in below battery.Therefore, bottom welding does not stop incident light, does not also negatively affect moduleArea efficiency.In contrast, the exposure of top welding, it is possible that incident light can be stopped, so negatively affect efficiency.
According to multiple embodiments, module itself can be covered, so that top welding is covered by adjacent module.Figure 24 is shownThe simplification viewgraph of cross-section of this arrangement 2400, wherein the end 2401 of adjacent block 2402 is used to the top with current block 2406Portion's welding 2404 is overlapped.Each module itself includes multiple stacking formula solar batteries 2407.
It is buried in the bottom welding 2408 of current block 2406.Bottom welding 2408 is located at raising for current stacking formula moduleSide, so as to Chong Die with next adjacent stacking formula module.
This stacking formula module construction can also provide additional areas for installing other elements, without unfavorable in moduleThe final exposed area of ground influence module array.The example for the module component that may be provided in overlapping region may include (but unlimitedIn) terminal box (j-box) 2410 and/or bus welding.
Figure 25 shows another embodiment of stacking formula module construction 2500.Herein, with adjacent stacking formula modulePairing structure 2510 is presented in 2506 and 2508 corresponding terminal boxes 2502,2504, to realize the electrical connection between the two.ThisWiring is eliminated, so simplify the construction of the array of stacking formula module.
In certain embodiments, terminal box can be reinforced and/or in combination with additional structural Self-Clinching Standoffs.This construction can produce integrated tilt module roof mounting rack solution, and wherein the size of terminal box determines gradient.IfThe array for covering formula module is mounted on roofdeck, this embodiment may be particularly useful.
In the case where module includes glass substrate and glass cover-plate (for double-sided glass module), by shortening the total of moduleLength (therefore, shortens the length of exposure L generated due to stacking), and mould can be used in the case where no additional frame componentBlock.By shortening the total length of module, the module of canted arrays can be in expected physical load (for example, the snow load of 5400PaThe lotus limit) under remain intact, without rupturing under strain.
It should be emphasized that using the superbattery structure for including the multiple independent solar batteries assembled in a manner of stacking, easilyIn change of the reconciliation to block length, to meet specific length specified by physical load and other requirements.
Figure 26 shows the schematic diagram on rear (in the shade side) surface of solar energy module, shows stacking formula superbattery in figureBefore terminal box on terminal electric contact to rear side on (day side) surface exemplary electrical interconnection.Stacking formula superbatteryFront surface terminal contact can be located at module edge near.
Figure 26 shows using flexible interconnection 400 the front surface terminal contacts for being electrically connected superbattery 100.It is illustratingExample in, flexible interconnection 400 include band-like portions 9400A and finger-shaped material 9400B, wherein band-like portions 9400A is superThe end of battery 100 is nearby parallel to end extension, and finger-shaped material 9400B extends perpendicular to band-like portions, and and superbatteryEnd solar battery in its conductively engage front surface metallization pattern (not shown) contact.Conductively it is joined toThe ribbon conductor 9410 of interconnection piece 9400 passes through in 100 behind of superbattery, for interconnection piece 9400 to be electrically connected to super electricityPond 100 constitute in the rear surface of part thereof of solar energy module electrical components (for example, bypass diode in terminal box and/Or module terminals).Insulating film 9420 may be provided between conducting wire 9410 and the edge and rear surface of superbattery 100, and being used for willRibbon conductor 9410 and superbattery 100 are electrically isolated.
Interconnection piece 400 optionally surrounds the edge fold of superbattery, so that band-like portions 9400A is located at or part positionBehind in superbattery.In such cases, electric insulation layer be generally arranged at interconnection piece 400 and superbattery 100 edge andBetween rear surface.
Interconnection piece 400 can be for example punched from conductive plate, be then optionally patterned, with increase its with it is superThe edge-perpendicular of battery and the mechanical plasticity on the two parallel directions, to reduce or reconcile at the edge with superbatteryOn vertical and parallel direction because of caused by the CTE mismatch of the CTE of interconnection piece and superbattery stress.This patterning can wrapIt includes and (for example) forms slit, slit or hole (not shown).It interconnection piece 400 and its is answered with the mechanical plasticity of the engagement of superbatteryIt is sufficiently large, so that being connected in lamination process and (being described in more detail) for superbattery can draw because of CTE mismatchIt is remained intact under the stress risen.Interconnection piece 400 can be by (for example) as described above for engaging the machinery of the solar battery of overlappingPlasticity conductive bonding material is joined to superbattery.Optionally, conductive bonding material can be only positioned at along superbattery edgeMultiple discrete positions (for example, correspond to end solar battery discrete engagement pad multiple positions), without formed essenceThe continuous lines of the upper length for extending superbattery edge, it is intended to reduce or reconciles on the direction for being parallel to superbattery edge,The stress because of caused by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient and superbattery of conductive bonding material or interconnection piece.
Interconnection piece 400 can (for example) be cut from scale copper, if superbattery 100 is by area ratio standard silicon solar cellSmall solar battery is formed, thus operating current is less than conventional current, then interconnection piece 400 may be interconnected than conventional conductibilityPart is thin.For example, interconnection piece 400 can be by forming with a thickness of about 50 microns to about 300 microns of copper sheet.Interconnection piece 400 can be sufficiently thin,Even if as described above patterning, can also reconcile in the edge-perpendicular of superbattery and parallel direction because of interconnection pieceCTE and superbattery CTE mismatch caused by stress.Ribbon conductor 9410 can be formed (for example) by copper.
Figure 27 shows the schematic diagram on rear (in the shade side) surface of solar energy module, and two in parallel or more are shown in figureThe exemplary electrical of multiple stacking formula superbatteries interconnects, wherein the terminal electric contact connection before superbattery on (day side) surfaceTo each other, and it is connected to the terminal box in rear side.The front surface terminal contact of stacking formula superbattery can be located at module sideNear edge.
Figure 27 shows using two rigid flexible interconnections 400 described and forms the adjacent superbattery 100 with twoFront surface terminal contact electrical contact.The bus 9430 that end extension is parallel near the end of superbattery 100 is conductedTwo flexible interconnections are joined to property, and superbattery parallel connection is electrically connected.As needed, the program can be promoted, it will be attached100 interconnected in parallel of superbattery added.Bus 9430 can be formed (for example) by copper strips.
Similar described in Figure 26 above in conjunction, interconnection piece 400 and bus 9430 are optionally around the edge of superbatteryIt folds, so that band-like portions 9400A and bus 9430 are located at or part is located at superbattery behind.In such cases, electricity is exhaustedEdge layer is generally arranged between interconnection piece 400 and the edge and rear surface of superbattery 100 and bus 9430 and superbatteryBetween 100 edge and rear surface.
Figure 28 shows the schematic diagram on rear (in the shade side) surface of solar energy module, and two in parallel or more are shown in figureAnother exemplary electrical of multiple stacking formula superbatteries interconnects, wherein the terminal electricity touching before superbattery on (day side) surfacePoint is connected to each other, and is connected to the terminal box in rear side.The front surface terminal contact of stacking formula superbattery can be located atNear module edge.
Figure 28 shows using another example flexible interconnection piece 9440 the front surface end for being electrically connected superbattery 100Terminal contacts.In this example, flexible interconnection 9440 includes band-like portions 9440A, finger-shaped material 9440B and finger-shaped material 9440C,Middle band-like portions 9440A is parallel to end extension near the end of superbattery 100；Finger-shaped material 9440B is perpendicular to band-likePart extends, and (does not show with its front surface metallization pattern conductively engaged in the end solar battery of superbatteryIt contacts out)；Finger-shaped material 9440C extends perpendicular to band-like portions, and is located at superbattery behind.Finger-shaped material 9440C is conductivelyIt is joined to bus 9450.Bus 9450 is parallel near the end of superbattery 100 along the rear surface of superbattery 100 superThe end of grade battery 100 extends, and may extend away to be Chong Die with the adjacent superbattery that it can be likewise electrically connected to, thus willSuperbattery is connected in parallel.Superbattery is electrically interconnected to solar energy the ribbon conductor 9410 for being conductively joined to bus 9450Electrical components (for example, bypass diode and/or module terminals in terminal box) in module rear surface.Electrical insulating film 9420 can be setIt sets between finger-shaped material 9440C and the edge and rear surface of superbattery 100, the rear surface of bus 9450 and superbattery 100Between and ribbon conductor 9410 and the rear surface of superbattery 100 between.
Interconnection piece 9440 can be for example punched from conductive plate, be then optionally patterned, with increase its with it is superGrade battery edge-perpendicular and the mechanical plasticity on the two parallel directions, thus reduction or reconciliation on the side with superbatteryOn the perpendicular and parallel direction of marginal lappet because of caused by the CTE mismatch of the CTE of interconnection piece and superbattery stress.This patterning canIncluding (for example) forming slit, slit or hole (not shown).Interconnection piece 9440 and its with the engagement of superbattery machinery it is plasticProperty is sufficiently large, so that being connected in lamination process and (being described in more detail) for superbattery can be because of CTE mismatchCaused by remain intact under stress.Interconnection piece 9440 can be by (for example) as described above for engaging the solar battery being overlappedMechanical plasticity conductive bonding material is joined to superbattery.Optionally, conductive bonding material can be only positioned at along superbatteryMultiple discrete positions (for example, the multiple positions for corresponding to the discrete engagement pad of end solar battery) at edge, without being formedSubstantially extend the continuous lines of the length at superbattery edge, it is intended to reduce or reconcile in the direction for being parallel to superbattery edgeOn, the stress because of caused by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient and superbattery of conductive bonding material or interconnection piece.
Interconnection piece 9440 can (for example) be cut from scale copper, if superbattery 100 is by area ratio standard silicon solar electricityThe small solar battery in pond is formed, thus operating current is less than conventional current, then interconnection piece 400 may be more mutual than conventional conductibilityEven part is thin.For example, interconnection piece 9440 can be by forming with a thickness of about 50 microns to about 300 microns of copper sheet.Interconnection piece 9440 can be sufficientIt is enough thin, even if patterning as described above, can also reconcile in the edge-perpendicular of superbattery and parallel direction becauseStress caused by the CTE of interconnection piece and the CTE mismatch of superbattery.Bus 9450 can be formed (for example) by copper strips.
After the front surface that finger-shaped material 9440B is joined to superbattery 100, finger-shaped material 9440C is engageable to arrive bus9450.In such cases, once finger-shaped material 9440C is joined to bus 9450, so that it may which (such as perpendicular to superbattery 100) is curvedThe bent rear surface far from superbattery 100.Later, finger-shaped material 9440C is flexible and prolong along the rear surface of superbattery 100It stretches, as shown in figure 28.
Figure 29 shows the partial cross-section perspective view of two superbatteries, and use is shown in figure and is clipped in adjacent super electricitySuperbattery is electrically connected in series and electrical connection is supplied to terminal box by the flexible interconnection between the overlapped ends in pond.Figure29A shows the enlarged view of area of interest in Figure 29.
Figure 29 and Figure 29 A shows the purposes of illustrative flexible interconnection 2960, and flexible interconnection 2960 is by partlyIt is clipped between the overlapped ends of two superbatteries 100 and these overlapped ends is electrically interconnected, before a superbatteryThe rear surface terminal contacts of face extremities contact and another superbattery provide electrical connection, so that it is mutual that superbattery is connectedEven.In the example shown in the series of figures, it is hidden due to interconnection piece 2960 by the top for the solar battery that two are overlapped, so from solar energyThe front of module is invisible.In another variations, the adjacent end portion of two superbatteries is not overlapped, so interconnection pieceThe part of the front surface terminal contacts of one of two superbatteries is connected in 2960 can be with from the front surface of solar energy moduleSee.Optionally, in such variations, it can be capped or dye from the visible part in the front of module originally in interconnection piece(for example, intensification), to mitigate the visual contrast between the interconnection piece and superbattery that are perceived by the normal observer of colour vision.MutuallyThe neighboring edge that even part 2960 can be parallel to two superbatteries extends to except the side edge of superbattery, thus by pairs ofSuperbattery is electrically connected with the pairs of superbattery parallel connection being similarly arranged in adjacent row.
Ribbon conductor 2970 can conductively be joined to interconnection piece 2960 as shown in the figure, by the adjacent of two superbatteriesEnd is electrically connected to the electrical components in solar energy module rear surface (for example, bypass diode and/or module end in terminal boxSon).In another variations (not shown), it is upper separate that ribbon conductor 2970 may be electrically connected to one of superbattery of overlappingThe rear surface contact of its overlapped ends, without conductively being engaged with interconnection piece 2960.The construction can also be by hiding tapThe one or more bypass diodes being supplied in solar energy module rear surface or other electrical components.
Interconnection piece 2960 is optionally for example punched from conductive plate, is then optionally patterned, to increase itWith the mechanical plasticity in the edge-perpendicular of superbattery and the two parallel directions, thus reduce or reconcile with super electricityIn the edge-perpendicular in pond and parallel direction because of caused by the CTE mismatch of the CTE of interconnection piece and superbattery stress.This figureCase may include (for example) forming slit, slit (as shown in the figure) or hole.Flexible interconnection and its with the engagement of superbatteryMechanical plasticity is sufficiently large so that interconnection superbattery (be described in more detail) in lamination process can becauseIt is remained intact under stress caused by CTE mismatch.Flexible interconnection can be by (for example) as described above for engaging the sun of overlappingThe mechanical plasticity conductive bonding material of energy battery is joined to superbattery.Optionally, conductive bonding material can be only positioned at alongMultiple discrete positions at superbattery edge substantially extend the continuous lines of the length at superbattery edge without being formed, it is intended toReduce or reconcile on the direction for being parallel to superbattery edge, because of the thermal expansion coefficient of conductive bonding material or interconnection piece and surpassesStress caused by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch of grade battery.Interconnection piece 2960 can (for example) be cut from scale copper.
Embodiment may include one or more features described in following US patent publication: No.2014/0124013 U.S. Patent Publication；With No.2014/0124014 U.S. Patent Publication, this two patents are announced with the side of referenceFormula is incorporated by herein, with for all purposes.
Subject description discloses the high-efficiency solar modules including silicon solar cell, and the silicon solar cell is to coverMode is arranged and is electrically connected in a series arrangement, to form superbattery, wherein superbattery is arranged in solar energy moduleAt the row of physical parallel.For example, the length of superbattery can substantially overall length or overall with across solar energy module, alternatively,Two or more superbatteries can be arranged to end-to-end in a row.This arrangement conceals the electricity between solar batteryInterconnection piece, and therefore can be used to form the solar energy module with visual attraction, wherein the adjacent series connection sunCan there are very little difference or no difference between battery.
Superbattery may include any amount of solar battery, in some embodiments, including at least 19 sunEnergy battery, and for example, in certain embodiments, it is greater than or equal to 100 silicon solar cells.Along the centre of superbatteryElectric contact at position may need for superbattery electricity to be segmented into the segmentation of two or more series connections, and maintain simultaneouslyThe continuous superbattery of physics.Subject description discloses some arrangements, wherein to one or more silicon sun in superbatteryThe back surface engagement pad of energy battery carries out such electrical connection, in order to provide electricity tap invisible before solar energy modulePoint, and therefore it is referred to herein as " hiding tap ".Hiding tap is the back side and the conductibility of solar batteryElectrical connector between interconnection piece.
This specification is also disclosed front surface superbattery termination contact pad, the super electricity of rear surface using flexible interconnectionPond termination contact pad or hiding tap engagement pad are electrically interconnected to other electricity in other solar batteries or solar energy moduleComponent.
In addition, subject description discloses use electroconductive binder directly to engage adjacent solar battery in superbatteryTo each other, the mechanical compliance in order to provide the thermal expansion mismatch between reconciliation superbattery and the glass front plate of solar energy module is ledElectrically engagement is used in combination electroconductive binder and is engaged by mechanical rigid by flexible interconnection engagement to superbattery, the machineTool positive engagement forces the thermal expansion mismatch between flexible interconnection reconciliation flexible interconnection and superbattery.This avoid canThe solar energy module damage that can occur by the thermal cycle of solar energy module.
As described further below, can be used to being electrically connected for hiding tap engagement pad by the segmentation of superbatteryIt is electrically connected with the corresponding segments parallel connection of one or more superbatteries in adjacent row, and/or is directed to various applications, including but notIt is limited to power optimization (for example, the micro- inverter of bypass diode, AC/DC, DC/DC converter) and reliability application, will be electrically connectedSolar energy module circuit is provided.
Substantially completely black appearance is provided for solar energy module by combining hiding intercell connection, is made as just mentionedThe aesthetic appearance of solar battery can be further enhanced with hiding tap, and by allowing Modular surface region moreMost of effective coverage by solar battery is filled, and can also be improved the efficiency of solar energy module.
Turning now to attached drawing, to understand solar energy module described in this specification in more detail, Fig. 1 show withThe viewgraph of cross-section for a string of solar batteries 10 that stacking mode arranges, is connected in series, the wherein end of adjacent solar batteryIt is overlapped and is electrically connected, to form superbattery 100.Each solar battery 10 includes semiconductor diode structure and connectionTo the electric contact of semiconductor diode structure, the electric current that solar battery 10 wherein generates when being irradiated by light can be touched by these electricityIt puts and is supplied to external loading.
In the example of this specification description, each solar battery 10 is rectangular crystal silicon solar cell, toolThere are front surface (day side) metallization pattern and back surface (in the shade side) metallization pattern, front surface metallization pattern is arranged in nOn the semiconductor layer of type electric conductivity, back surface metallization pattern is arranged on the semiconductor layer of p-type conductivity, these metallization figuresCase provides electrical contact for the opposite sides of n-p junction.However, if applicable, other materials system, diode junction can be usedStructure, physical size or electrical contact arrangement.For example, preceding (day side) surface metalation pattern may be provided at, p-type is conductive partly to be ledOn body layer, rear (in the shade side) surface metalation pattern be may be provided on the conductive semiconductor layer of N-shaped.
Referring again to Fig. 1, in superbattery 100, adjacent solar battery 10 passes through conductive bonding material reality at themIt is conductively directly connectcted in the region being now overlapped each other, the conductive bonding material is by the front surface of a solar batteryMetallization pattern is electrically connected to the rear surface metallization pattern of adjacent solar battery.Suitable conductive bonding material may include exampleSuch as electroconductive binder, electrically conductive adhesive film and strip of conductive adhesive and general solder.
Figure 31 AA and Figure 31 A show the use of example flexible interconnection piece 3160, and the flexible interconnection is partially sandwiched inIt is electrically interconnected between the overlapped ends of two superbatteries 100 and by them, so as to the front surface ends points for superbatteryElectrical connection is provided with the rear surface ends points of another superbattery, thus by superbattery interconnected in series.In the example shown,Due to being hidden by the top for the solar battery that two are overlapped, interconnection piece 3160 is not seen before solar energy module.In another variations, the adjacent end portion of two superbatteries is not overlapped, so being connected to two in interconnection piece 3160The part of the front surface terminal contacts of one of superbattery can see from the front surface of solar energy module.Optionally, hereinIn class variations, it can be capped or dye (for example, intensification) from the visible part in the front of module originally in interconnection piece, to subtractThe visual contrast between interconnection piece and superbattery gently perceived by the normal observer of colour vision.Interconnection piece 3160 can be parallel toThe neighboring edge of two superbatteries extends to except the side edge of superbattery, thus by pairs of superbattery with similarlyThe pairs of superbattery parallel connection electrical connection being arranged in adjacent row.
Ribbon conductor 3170 can conductively be joined to interconnection piece 3160 as shown in the figure, by the adjacent of two superbatteriesEnd is electrically connected to the electrical components in solar energy module rear surface (for example, bypass diode and/or module end in terminal boxSon).In another variations (not shown), it is upper separate that ribbon conductor 3170 may be electrically connected to one of superbattery of overlappingThe rear surface contact of its overlapped ends, without conductively being engaged with interconnection piece 3160.The construction can also be by hiding tapThe one or more bypass diodes being supplied in solar energy module rear surface or other electrical components.
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 200 including six rectangle superbatteries 100, each rectangle is superThe length of the long side for being approximately equal to the length to solar energy module of grade battery.Superbattery is arranged to six parallel rows, long sideIt is parallel to the long side orientation of module.The solar energy module of like configurations may also comprise the superbattery of this side length, but its number of rowsIt is more than number of rows shown in the example or few.In other variations, the respective length of superbattery may be approximately equal to rectangleThe length of the short side of solar energy module, and the superbattery is arranged to parallel row, and wherein their long side is parallel toThe short side of module is orientated.In other other arrangements, each row may include two or more super electricity of series electrical interconnectionPond.Module can have the short side that length is for example, about 1 meter and the long side that length is for example, about 1.5 to about 2.0 meters.It can alsoAny other suitable shape (for example, square) and size are selected for solar energy module.
Each superbattery in this example includes 72 rectangle solar batteries, the width of each rectangle solar batteryIt is substantially equal to the 1/6 of the width of 156mm square or pseudo-square wafers.Can also be used any other it is appropriate number of have appointThe what rectangle solar battery of his suitable dimension.
Length-width ratio is big, area be less than standard 156mm × 156mm solar battery long and narrow solar battery (such as figure instituteShow) it is advantageously used for reducing the I in solar cell module disclosed in this specification2The loss of R resistive power.SpecificallyGround is said, since the silicon solar cell of the area comparison with standard size of solar battery 10 reduces, so solar battery generatesElectric current reduce, to directly reduce the resistive power damage in the series-connected battery string of solar battery and such solar batteryConsumption.
It is, for example, possible to use the edge parts for being conductively joined to the back surface metallization pattern for being only located at solar batteryPoint one or more of the electrical interconnection of hiding tap engagement pad be connected to hiding for superbattery back surface to makeTap.Alternatively, the whole length substantially along solar battery can be used (perpendicular to the long axis of superbattery)Extend and be conductively joined to along the length of solar battery be distributed in back surface metallization pattern it is multiple hideThe interconnection piece of tap engagement pad make hiding tap.
Figure 31 A shows the exemplary solar cell back table for being suitble to the hiding tap connecting with edge to be used togetherFace metallization pattern 3300.Metallization pattern includes continuous aluminium electric contact 3310, is arranged to and solar battery back surfaceThe parallel and neighbouring multiple silver-colored engagement pads 3315 of long side edge and be respectively arranged to in the short side of solar battery back surfaceThe hiding tap engagement pad 3320 of the parallel silver of one neighboring edge.When solar battery is arranged in superbatteryWhen, engagement pad 3315 is Chong Die with the front surface of adjacent rectangle solar battery and is directly connectcted to the front surface.Interconnection pieceIt can be conductively joined to one or the other in hiding tap engagement pad 3320, it is hidden to be provided for superbatteryThe tap of hiding.(if desired, two such interconnection pieces can be used, to provide two hiding taps).
In the arrangement shown in Figure 31 A, the electric current for flowing to hiding tap is roughly parallel to solar batteryLong side passes through back surface cell metallization and reaches interconnected polymerization point (contact 3320).In order to promote the electric current along this path,Back surface metallized film resistance is preferably less than or equal to about 5 ohm every square, or 2.5 Europe less than or equal to about every squareNurse.
Figure 31 B shows hiding point being suitble to the length along solar battery back surface using total linear interconnection pieceAnother exemplary solar cell back surface metallization pattern 3301 that connector is used together.Metallization pattern includes continuous aluminiumElectric contact 3310, be arranged to parallel and neighbouring with the long side edge of solar battery back surface multiple silver-colored engagement pads 3315,And be arranged parallel to be substantially centered on the long side back surface in a row and in solar battery of solar batteryThe hiding tap engagement pad 3325 of multiple silver.The interconnection piece extended substantially along the whole length of solar battery can conductIt is joined to property hiding tap engagement pad 3325, to provide hiding tap for superbattery.Flow to hiding pointThe electric current of connector passes principally through total linear interconnection piece, so that the electric conductivity of back surface metallization pattern is for hiding tapHead is less important.
The position for the hiding tap engagement pad that hiding tap interconnection piece on solar battery back surface is engagedSet the electric current road that will affect back surface metallization across solar battery, hiding tap engagement pad and interconnection piece with quantityThe length of diameter.Therefore, the arrangement of hiding tap engagement pad can be selected, so as to lead to and pass through point hiddenThe resistance of electric current collection in the current path of connector interconnection piece minimizes.In addition to Figure 31 A to Figure 31 B (and is discussed herein belowFigure 31 C) shown in configure except, suitably hiding tap engagement pad arrangement may also include such as two-dimensional array and with tooThe vertical row of the long axis of positive energy battery.In the latter case, for example, the position of the hiding tap engagement pad of this row can be with theThe short edge of one solar battery is adjacent.
Figure 31 C shows the hiding tap for being suitble to connect with edge or the length along solar battery back surfaceAnother exemplary solar cell back surface metallization figure being used together using the hiding tap of total linear interconnection pieceCase 3303.Metallization pattern includes continuous copper-braid contact pad 3315, is arranged to the long side side with the back surface of solar batteryEdge is parallel and neighbouring；Multiple copper finger-shaped materials 3317 are connected to engagement pad 3315 and extend vertically from the engagement pad；And evenThe tap engagement pad 3325 of the continuous total line concealing of copper, the long side for being parallel to solar battery extend and in solar batteryIt is substantially centered on back surface.The interconnection piece of edge connection can be joined to the end of copper bus 3325, to mention for superbatteryFor hiding tap.(if desired, two such interconnection pieces can be used, at the either end of copper bus 3325 to provideTwo hiding taps).Alternatively, the interconnection piece extended substantially along the whole length of solar battery can be with conductibilityGround is joined to copper bus 3325, to provide hiding tap for superbattery.
It can be any by welding, soldering, conductive adhesive or use for forming the interconnection piece of hiding tapOther suitable modes are joined to the hiding tap engagement pad in back surface metallization pattern.For such as Figure 31 A to Figure 31 BShown in using silver pad metallization pattern for, interconnection piece can be formed for example by tin-coated copper.Another method is using shapeThe aluminum conductor engaged at aluminium to aluminium directly forms hiding tap to aluminum back surface contact 3310, this can for example pass through electricityOr laser welding, soldering or conductive adhesive are formed.In certain embodiments, contact may include tin.As just mentionedIn the case of, the back surface metallization of solar battery will lack silver-colored engagement pad 3320 (Figure 31 A) or 3325 (Figure 31 B), but edgeConnection or total linear aluminium interconnection piece can be joined to aluminium (or tin) contact 3310 at the position for corresponding to these engagement pads.
Hiding tap interconnection piece (or interconnection piece with front surface or rear surface superbattery terminal contact) and siliconThe stress obtained on different heat expansion and solar battery and interconnection piece between solar battery can lead to rupture and otherFailure mode, so as to reduce the performance of solar energy module.Therefore, it is necessary to configure the tap hidden and other interconnection piecesAt reconciling such different expansion in the case where not forming significant stress.For example, by by high ductile material (for example, soft copper,Very thin copper sheet) formed, by low coefficient of thermal expansion materials (for example, Covar (Kovar), invar alloy (Invar) or otherLow thermal coefficient of expansion iron-nickel alloy) formed, or by with substantially matching silicon thermal expansion coefficient, incorporate reconcile interconnection piece withGeometry expansion characteristics (such as, slit, groove, hole or truss structure) in the plane of different heat expansion between silicon solar cellAnd/or the material shape of the outer geometrical characteristic of plane (such as, kink, bump or scrobicula) using the such different heat expansion of reconciliationAt interconnection piece can provide stress and thermal expansion is eliminated.It is joined to hiding tap engagement pad and (or is joined to superbatteryFront surface or rear surface termination contact pad, as described below) interconnection piece part can have for example, less than about 100 microns,Less than about 50 microns, the thickness less than about 30 microns or less than about 25 microns, to increase the flexibility of interconnection piece.
Referring again to Fig. 7 A, Fig. 7 B-1 and Fig. 7 B-2, these illustrate several exemplary interconnection piece configurations, by reference label400A-400U instruction, the interconnection piece configuration uses stress elimination geometrical characteristic, and can be suitable as point for hidingThe interconnection piece of connector or for being electrically connected with front surface or rear surface superbattery terminal contact.The length of these interconnection piecesIt is usually substantially equal to the length of the long side for the rectangle solar battery that they are engaged, but they can have any other properlyLength.Exemplary interconnection piece 400A to 400T shown in Fig. 7 A eliminates feature using various plane stress.In Fig. 7 B-1Plane in exemplary interconnection piece 400U shown in outer (x-z) view of the plane of (x-y) view and Fig. 7 B-2 by turn of bilge 3705Feature is eliminated as the plane external carbuncle in metal strip.The nominal extensional rigidity of the reduction metal tape of turn of bilge 3705.Turn of bilge allowsCarrying material local buckling, rather than only extended when the band bears tension.For thin welding, this can make nominal tensionRigidity substantially reduces such as 90% or more.The definite measurement that nominal extensional rigidity is reduced is certainly in a number of factors, including turn of bilgeThe thickness of quantity, the geometry of turn of bilge and band.Interconnection piece can also will eliminate feature and combine in plane with plane external carbuncleIt uses.
Figure 37 A-1 to Figure 38 B-2 being discussed further below show using in plane and/or plane external carbuncle eliminate geometryFeature and the edge that can be suitable as hiding tap connect several exemplary interconnection pieces configurations of interconnection piece.
In order to reduce or minimize connection each arrangement of conductors quantity needed for hiding tap, can use hidingTap interconnection bus.The tap that this method is hidden adjacent superbattery by using hiding tap interconnection pieceEngagement pad is connected to each other.(electrical connection is usually just arrived just or negative, that is, the polarity of every one end is identical).
For example, Figure 32 is shown: the first hiding tap interconnection piece 3400, substantially along in the first superbattery 100Solar battery 10 entire width extend and be conductively joined to the hiding tap being arranged to as shown in figure 31bHead engagement pad 3325；And the second hiding tap interconnection piece 3400, the correspondence in superbattery 100 in adjacent rowThe entire width of solar battery extends and is similarly conductively joined to hiding point being arranged to as shown in figure 31bJunction contacts pad 3325.Two interconnection pieces 3400 are arranged to each other in a straight line and optionally adjacent to each other or overlapping, andAnd can conductively be joined to and be electrically connected each other or otherwise, with formed two adjacent superbatteries are interconnected it is totalLine.As needed, this scheme can extend on other rows (for example, all rows) of superbattery, include several phases to be formedThe solar energy module of adjacent superbattery segmentation is segmented in parallel.Figure 33 shows the perspective of a part of the superbattery in Figure 32Figure.
Figure 35 shows the example that the superbattery in adjacent row is interconnected by short interconnection piece 3400, the short interconnection pieceAcross the gap between superbattery, and conductively it is joined to the hiding tap engagement pad on a superbattery3320 and another superbattery on another hiding tap engagement pad 3320, wherein engagement pad be arranged to as figureShown in 32A.Figure 36 shows similar arrangement, wherein short interconnection piece crosses over the gap between two superbatteries in adjacent row, andAnd be conductively joined to the back surface on a superbattery metallization center copper bus portion end and anotherSuperbattery back surface metallization center copper bus portion adjacent end portion, wherein copper back surface metallization be configured to asShown in Figure 31 C.In the two examples, as needed, interconnection scheme can be in other rows (for example, all rows) of superbatteryUpper extension is segmented in parallel with forming the solar energy module including several adjacent superbatteries segmentations.
Figure 37 A-1 to Figure 37 F-3 shows the exemplary short hiding tap that feature 3405 is eliminated including plane stress(x-y) and outer (x-z) view of plane in the plane of head interconnection piece 3400.(x-y plane is solar battery back surface metalation figureThe plane of case).In the example of Figure 37 A-1 to Figure 37 E-2, each interconnection piece 3400 includes being set in one or more planesThe protruding portion 3400A and 3400B on opposite sides of stress relief feature.Exemplary planar internal stress eliminate feature include one,The arrangement of two or more open diamonds shapes, the arrangement of zigzag and one, two or more groove.
Term " plane stress elimination feature " used herein also may refer to one of interconnection piece or interconnection pieceThe thickness or ductility divided.For example, interconnection piece 3400 shown in Figure 37 F-1 to Figure 37 F-3 by one section of straight thin copper belt orCopper foil is formed, and e.g., less than or equal to about 100 microns of the thickness T of the thin copper belt or copper foil in an x-y plane, is less than or equal toAbout 50 microns, less than or equal to about 30 microns or less than or equal to about 25 microns, to increase the flexibility of interconnection piece.Thickness T canTo be, for example, about 50 microns.The length L of interconnection piece can be, for example, about 8 centimetres (cm), and the width W interconnected can be, for example,About 0.5cm.The front surface and back surface view of the interconnection piece in x-y plane is shown respectively in Figure 37 F-3 and Figure 37 F-1.Interconnection pieceRear surface of the front surface towards solar energy module.Due to interconnection piece can across in solar energy module two parallels it is superGap between battery, therefore, from a part that can see that interconnection piece previously by the gap of solar energy module.OptionallyThe visible part on ground, interconnection piece can be dimmed, such as coating black polymeric nitride layer, to reduce its visibility.In shown exampleIn, length L2 is that the central part 3400C of the front surface of the interconnection piece of about 0.5cm is coated with relatively thin black polymeric nitride layer.It is logicalOften, L2 is greater than or equal to the width in the gap between superbattery row.The thickness of black polymeric nitride layer can be for example, about 20 microns.Such thin copper belt interconnection piece can also be optionally interior using plane or plane external carbuncle eliminates feature, as described above.For example, mutuallyEven part may include stress elimination plane bent out portion, as described in above in association with Fig. 7 B-1 and Fig. 7 B-2.
Figure 38 A-1 to Figure 38 B-2 shows the exemplary short hiding tap that feature 3407 is eliminated including plane external carbuncle(x-y) and outer (x-z) view of plane in the plane of head interconnection piece 3400.In this example, each interconnection piece 3400 includes being set toOne or more plane external carbuncles eliminate the protruding portion 3400A and 3400B on opposite sides of feature.Exemplary planar external carbuncle disappearsExcept feature includes the arrangement of one, two or more bending, kink, scrobicula, bump or spine.
The type of stress relief feature shown in Figure 37 A-1 to Figure 37 E-2 and Figure 38 A-1 to Figure 38 B-2 and arrangement sideFormula and the interconnection tape thickness described above in association with Figure 37 F-1 to Figure 37 F-3 can also be used in what length as described above was hiddenIn tap interconnection piece, and if applicable, it is also possible to be joined to superbattery rear surface or front surface terminal contactInterconnection piece in.Interconnection piece may include in plane and plane external carbuncle eliminates the combination of feature.Disappear in plane with plane external carbuncleExcept feature is designed to reduce or minimize the tension and stress effect on solar battery joint portion, and to form heightReliable and elasticity electrical connection.
Figure 39 A-1 and Figure 39 A-2 show the exemplary configuration for short hiding tap interconnection piece, described short hidingTap interconnection piece include battery contact pad alignment characteristics and superbattery edge alignment characteristics, be advantageously implemented automation andIt accurately places and easily fabricated.Figure 39 B-1 and Figure 39 B-2 are shown for having the short hiding of asymmetric tab lengthThe exemplary configuration of tap interconnection piece.Such asymmetry interconnection piece can be super to avoid being parallel to on relative orientationThe conducting wire overlapping that the long axis of battery extends.(see below the discussion to Figure 42 A to Figure 42 B).
Hiding tap can form electrical connection needed for module placement as described herein, in order to provide requiredModular circuit.For example, can along superbattery the interval of 12,24,36 or 48 solar batteries orThe tap connection that any other suitable interval is hidden.It interval between hiding tap can be according to specifically answeringFor determining.
Each superbattery generally includes the front surface terminal contact at one end in superbattery and is in superRear surface terminal contact at the other end of battery.The variations of the length or width of solar energy module are crossed in superbatteryIn, these terminal contacts are arranged adjacent to the opposite edges of solar energy module.
Flexible interconnection can conductively be joined to the front surface or rear surface terminal contact of superbattery, to surpassOther electrical components that grade battery is electrically connected to other solar batteries or is electrically connected in module.For example, Figure 34 A is shownThe viewgraph of cross-section of example property solar energy module, wherein interconnection piece 3410 is conductively joined to the rear table of the end of superbatteryFace terminal contact.Rear surface terminal contact interconnection 3410 can be or have including such as thin copper belt or foil, the thin copper belt or foilHave the thickness on the surface of the solar battery engaged perpendicular to it, the thickness less than or equal to about 100 microns, be less than or equal toAbout 50 microns, less than or equal to about 30 microns or less than or equal to about 25 microns, to increase the flexibility of interconnection piece.In the sunIn the plane of energy battery surface, interconnection piece can have for example in the direction perpendicular to the direction of current flow for flowing through interconnection pieceWidth greater than or equal to about 10mm, to improve conduction.As shown, rear surface terminal contact interconnection piece 3410 can be located at tooBehind positive energy battery, wherein it is super that interconnection piece does not have any a part to extend on the direction for being parallel to superbattery rowExcept battery.
Similar interconnection piece can be used for being connected to front surface terminal contact.Alternatively, in order to reduce in solar energy moduleThe front surface area occupied by front surface terminal interconnection piece, front surface interconnection piece may include be directly connectcted to superbattery thin softProperty part and provide more high conductance thicker portion.The required interconnection of conductibility needed for this arrangement reduces realizationPart width.For example, the thicker portion of interconnection piece can be the integration section of interconnection piece, it is also possible to be joined to the relatively thin of interconnection piecePartial separate part.For example, Figure 34 B to Figure 34 C each illustrates the preceding table for being conductively joined to superbattery endThe viewgraph of cross-section of the exemplary interconnection piece 3410 of face terminal contact.In the two examples, it is directly connectcted to superbatteryThe thin flexible portion 3410A of interconnection piece includes thin copper belt or foil, and the thin copper belt or foil have the sun engaged perpendicular to itCan battery surface thickness, the thickness less than or equal to about 100 microns, less than or equal to about 50 microns, less than or equal to about30 microns or less than or equal to about 25 microns.The thicker copper strips part 3410B of interconnection piece is joined to thin part 3410A, to changeThe conductibility of kind interconnection piece.In Figure 34 B, conductive tape 3410C in the rear surface of thin interconnecting parts 3410A is by thin interconnectionDivide and is joined to superbattery and thick interconnecting parts 3410B.In Figure 34 C, thin interconnecting parts 3410A uses electroconductive binder3410D is joined to thick interconnecting parts 3410B, and is joined to superbattery using electroconductive binder 3410E.Electroconductive binder3410D and 3410E can be identical or different.Electroconductive binder 3410E can be such as solder.
Solar energy module described in this specification may include laminate structures as shown in fig. 34 a, wherein superbattery andOne or more packaging part materials 3610 are clipped between transparent front plate 3620 and back plate 3630.Transparent front plate can be (for example) glassGlass.Back plate is also possible to glass or any other suitable material.Additional encapsulation bar can be set mutual in rear surface terminalEven between part 3410 and the rear surface of superbattery, as shown in the figure.
As described above, hiding tap provides the module appearance of " completely black ".Since these connections are using usual heightWhat the conducting wire of degree reflection was formed, therefore, and the solar battery of attachment is compared, they will generally have high contrast.However, logicalIt crosses and forms connection in the rear surface of solar battery, and by being also routed in other conducting wires in solar energy module circuitBehind solar battery, various conducting wires are not seen.This will allow multiple tie points (hiding tap), while still maintain" completely black " appearance.
Hiding tap can be used to form various module placements.Figure 40's (physical layout) and Figure 41 (electrical schematic diagram)In example, solar energy module includes six superbatteries, the length of each superbattery extension of module.Hiding tap contactEach superbattery is divided into three sections by pad and short interconnection piece 3400, and adjacent superbattery sectional parallel is electrically connected, fromAnd form the three groups of superbattery being connected in parallel segmentations.Each group be incorporated to (insertion) to the bypass two in the laminated construction of moduleA different bypass diodes is connected in parallel in pole pipe 1300A-1300C.Bypass diode can be for example positioned at superbatteryIt is positive below or superbattery between.For example, bypass diode can approximately along it is parallel with solar energy module long side tooPositive energy module centers line setting.
In the example of Figure 42 A to Figure 42 B (electrical schematic diagram for also corresponding to Figure 41), solar energy module includes six superBattery, the length of each superbattery extension of module.Hiding tap engagement pad and short interconnection piece 3400 is by each super electricityPond is divided into three sections, and adjacent superbattery sectional parallel is electrically connected, to form three groups of superbatteries being connected in parallelSegmentation.Each group connects bypass two poles different from bypass diode 1300A-1300C 1500A-1500C by busPipe is connected in parallel, and the bus connection is located at behind superbattery and connects hiding tap engagement pad and short interconnection pieceIt is connected to the bypass diode positioned at the rear portion of terminal box internal module.
Figure 42 B provides short hiding tap interconnection piece 3400 and the detailed connection view of conducting wire 1500B and 1500CFigure.As shown, these conducting wires do not overlap each other.In the example shown, this is not right on relative orientation by using being arranged inInterconnection piece 3400 is claimed to realize.The alternative for avoiding conducting wire from being overlapped is using the first symmetrical of the protruding portion with a lengthSecond asymmetric interconnection part 3400 of interconnection piece 3400 and the protruding portion with another length.
In the example of Figure 43 (electrical schematic diagram for also corresponding to Figure 41), solar energy module is configured similarly to Figure 42 AIt is shown, the difference is that hiding tap interconnection piece 3400 forms the continuous total of the entire width for substantially extending solar energy moduleLine.Each bus can be the single long interconnection piece 3400 for being conductively joined to the back surface metallization of each superbattery.Alternatively, bus may include multiple individual interconnection pieces, each interconnection piece is crossed over single superbattery, is conductively joined toIt is electrically interconnected each other or otherwise, as described in above in association with Figure 41.Figure 43 is also shown: superbattery terminal interconnection piece3410, continuous bus is formed along one end of solar energy module, to be electrically connected the front surface terminal contact of superbattery；AndAdditional superbattery terminal interconnection piece 3410, forms continuous bus along the opposite end of solar energy module, super to be electrically connectedThe rear surface terminal contact of battery.
The exemplary solar energy module of Figure 44 A to Figure 44 B also corresponds to the electrical schematic diagram of Figure 41.The example is used as schemedShort hiding tap interconnection piece 3400 in 42A, and formed for superbattery front surface and rear surface terminal contactThe interconnection piece 3410 of continuous bus, as shown in figure 43.
In the example of Figure 47 A (physical layout) and Figure 47 B (electrical schematic diagram), solar energy module includes six super electricityPond, each superbattery extend the whole length of solar energy module.Hiding tap engagement pad and short interconnection piece 3400 will be everyA superbattery is segmented into the part of 2/3 length and the part of 1/3 length.The interconnection piece of the lower edge of solar energy moduleBe connected in parallel to each other interconnection, three row of right side of three row of left side is connected in parallel to each other interconnection and three row of left side and right by 3410 (as shown in the picture)Three row's interconnected in series of side.This arrangement forms the three groups of superbattery being connected in parallel segmentations, wherein each superbatteryThe length of group is the 2/3 of the length of superbattery.An each group of bypass two different from bypass diode 2000A-2000CPole pipe is connected in parallel.If they are electrically connected as shown in figure 41, the voltage that this arrangement provides is phaseWith the about twice of superbattery, electric current is about half of identical superbattery.
As described in above in association with Figure 34 A, the interconnection piece for being joined to superbattery rear surface terminal contact can be fully located atBehind superbattery, and it is invisible from the front side of solar energy module (day side).It is joined to superbattery front surface terminalThe interconnection piece 3410 of contact is in the rearview of solar energy module (for example, such as in Figure 43) as it can be seen that extending to because of it superAround end of superbattery and the end except the end of battery (for example, as in Figure 44 A) or because of itLower section folds.
Help for a small amount of solar battery of each bypass diode to be grouped using hiding tap.Figure 48 A extremelyIn the example of Figure 48 B (physical layout is shown respectively), solar energy module includes six superbatteries, each superbattery extension dieThe length of block.Each superbattery is segmented into five parts by hiding tap engagement pad and short interconnection piece 3400, and will be adjacentSuperbattery sectional parallel electrical connection, to form the five groups of superbattery being connected in parallel segmentations.Each group be incorporated to (insertion)Into the bypass diode 2100A-2100E in the laminated construction of module, a different bypass diodes is connected in parallel.BypassDiode can be for example between the positive back of superbattery or superbattery.Superbattery terminal interconnection piece 3410 alongOne end of solar energy module forms continuous bus, to be electrically connected the front surface terminal contact of superbattery；And add super electricityPond terminal interconnection piece 3410 forms continuous bus along the opposite end of solar energy module, to be electrically connected the rear surface end of superbatterySub- contact.In the example of Figure 48 A, single terminal box 2110 is electrically connected to front surface and rear table by conducting wire 2115A and 2115BFace terminal interconnection bus.However, there is no diode in terminal box, therefore alternatively (Figure 48 B), long return wire can be eliminated2215A and 2115B, and with two unipolarities (+or -) the terminal box 2110A- for the opposite edge for being located at such as module2110B replaces single terminal box 2110.This eliminates the resistance loss in long return wire.
Although each superbattery electricity is segmented into three groups or five groups too using hiding tap by example as described hereinPositive energy battery, but these examples are intended for illustration rather than limit.It more generally says, hiding tap can be used for super electricityPond electricity is segmented into than more or less groups of the solar battery, and/or is segmented into than more or less a solar energyEvery group of battery.
In the normal operating of solar energy module as described herein, due to there is no bypass diode forward bias and conduction,Therefore, little or no electric current passes through any hiding tap engagement pad.On the contrary, electric current passes through in adjacent overlapping solar energyThe battery formed between battery engages and flows through the length of each superbattery to battery conductibility.In contrast, Figure 45 is shownElectric current when the bypass diode by forward bias gets around a part of solar energy module.As shown by arrows, hereinIn example, the electric current in the superbattery of the leftmost side is flowed along superbattery, until reaching the solar battery of tap, thenIt flows through in back surface metallization, hiding tap engagement pad (not shown) and the adjacent superbattery of the solar batteryAnother hiding tap on the second solar battery that interconnection piece 3400, the interconnection piece of second solar battery are engaged connectsTouch pad (not shown), flows through the back surface metallization of the second solar battery, and flows through additional hiding tap contactPad, interconnection piece and solar battery back surface metalation to reach bus connection 1500, then arrive bypass diode.Flow through itThe electric current of his superbattery is similar.As can be seen from the figure, in this case, hiding tap engagement pad canTo conduct the electric current from two or more rows superbattery, and to which conduction is than any single solar battery in moduleThe big electric current of the electric current of middle generation.
In general, do not have in the solar battery front surface opposite with hiding tap engagement pad bus, engagement pad orOther blocking elements (in addition to front surface metallization finger-shaped material or the lap of adjacent solar battery).Therefore, if hiddenTap engagement pad formed on silicon solar cell by silver, then silver-colored engagement pad alleviate back surface field prevent back surfaceIn the case where the effect of Carrier recombination, the light conversion effect of solar battery in the region of hiding tap engagement pad can be reducedRate.In order to avoid this loss in efficiency, most of solar battery in usual superbattery does not include that hiding tap connectsTouch pad.(for example, in some variations, only for needing hiding tap engagement pad for bypass diode circuitThose of solar battery will include such hiding tap engagement pad).In addition, in order to make to include hiding tap contactElectric current in the solar battery of pad generate with lack hiding tap engagement pad solar battery in electric current generation phaseMatching, the solar battery including hiding tap engagement pad can have the solar energy of the tap engagement pad more hiding than lackingThe bigger light collecting zone of battery.
Individually the rectangular dimension of hiding tap engagement pad can be e.g., less than or equal to about 2mm multiplied by being less than or waitIn about 5mm.
During operation and during test, solar energy module is subjected to the temperature generated by the temperature change in installation environmentCirculation.As shown in Figure 46 A, during this temperature cycles, the other parts of silicon solar cell and module in superbatteryThermal expansion mismatch between (for example, glass front plate of module) causes to take place along between superbattery and the other parts of moduleThe relative motion of the long axis of superbattery row.This mismatch is intended to stretch or compresses superbattery, and may damage the sunConductibility engagement between solar battery in energy battery or superbattery.Similarly, it as shown in Figure 46 B, is followed in temperatureDuring ring, the thermal expansion mismatch being joined between the interconnection piece of solar battery and solar battery leads to interconnection piece and solar energyRelative motion occurs on the direction arranged perpendicular to superbattery between battery.This mismatch can tense and may damage solar energyBattery, interconnection piece and the conductibility engagement between them.For being joined to hiding tap engagement pad and being joined to superThe interconnection piece of grade battery front surface or rear surface terminal contact, it may occur however that such case.
Similarly, such as during shipment or according to weather (for example, wind and snow), the circulation machinery of solar energy module is negativeCarry can between the battery in superbattery the joint and joint between solar battery and interconnection piece forms partShearing force.These shearing forces may also can damage solar energy module.
In order to prevent by the phase along superbattery platoon leader's axis between superbattery and the other parts of solar energy moduleCausing problem to movement, can select for engaging adjacent overlapping solar battery to mutual conductive adhesiveIt selects, engages 3515 (Figure 46 A), the flexible conductor engagement to form flexible conductor between the solar battery of overlappingMechanical plasticity is provided for superbattery, so that reconciliation is parallel to super electricity within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 100 DEG CThermal expansion mismatch on the direction of pond row between superbattery and the glass front plate of module, makes the thermal expansion mismatch be unlikely to damageSolar energy module.Conductive adhesive can form conductibility engagement by selection, and the conductibility is bonded on standard testingUnder the conditions of modulus of shearing (that is, 25 DEG C) be e.g., less than or equal to about 100 megapascal (MPa), less than or equal to about 200 megapascal,Less than or equal to about 300 megapascal, less than or equal to about 400 megapascal, less than or equal to about 500 megapascal, less than or equal to about 600,000,000Pa, less than or equal to about 700 megapascal, less than or equal to about 800 megapascal, less than or equal to about 900 megapascal or be less than or equal toAbout 1000 megapascal.Flexible conductor engagement between the adjacent solar battery of overlapping can reconcile before for example each battery and glassDifferential motion between plate greater than or equal to about 15 microns.Suitable conductive adhesive may include for example derived from engineering conduction materialExpect the ECM 1541-S3 of Co., Ltd (Engineered Conductive Materials LLC).
In order to promote the hot-fluid along superbattery, to make in module too due to masking or certain other reasonsIn the case that positive energy battery is reverse-biased, the issuable hot spot damage solar energy module during the operation of solar energy module is reducedRisk, the conductibility engagement between the adjacent solar battery of overlapping can be formed as example perpendicular to solar battery directionOn thickness less than or equal to about 50 microns, and perpendicular to the thermal conductivity on solar battery direction greater than or equal to about1.5W/(m-K)。
The relative motion between solar battery engaged in order to prevent by interconnection piece with it causes problem, and being used for will be mutualThe conductive adhesive that even part is joined to solar battery can be by selection to be formed between solar battery and interconnection pieceConductibility engagement, the conductibility engagement is sufficiently rigid, to force interconnection piece within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 180 DEG CThe thermal expansion mismatch reconciled between solar battery and interconnection piece makes the thermal expansion mismatch be unlikely to damage solar energy module.ThisKind of conductive adhesive can form conductibility engagement by selection, the conductibility be bonded under standard test condition (that is,25 DEG C) modulus of shearing be greater than or be equal to about 1800MPa, greater than or equal to about 1900MPa, greater than or equal to about2000MPa, greater than or equal to about 2100MPa, greater than or equal to about 2200MPa, greater than or equal to about 2300MPa, be greater than or waitIn about 2400MPa, greater than or equal to about 2500MPa, greater than or equal to about 2600MPa, greater than or equal to about 2700MPa, be greater thanOr be equal to about 2800MPa, greater than or equal to about 2900MPa, greater than or equal to about 3000MPa, greater than or equal to about 3100MPa,Greater than or equal to about 3200MPa, greater than or equal to about 3300MPa, greater than or equal to about 3400MPa, greater than or equal to about3500MPa, greater than or equal to about 3600MPa, greater than or equal to about 3700MPa, greater than or equal to about 3800MPa, be greater than or waitIn about 3900MPa or greater than or equal to about 4000MPa.In such variations, for example, interconnection piece can bear to be greater than orInterconnection piece thermal expansion or thermal contraction equal to about 40 microns.Suitable conductive adhesive may include such as Hitachi CP-450And solder.
Therefore, conductibility engagement and superbattery and flexible electrical between the adjacent solar battery being overlapped in superbatteryConductibility engagement between interconnection piece can utilize different conductive adhesives.For example, superbattery and flexible electrical interconnection itBetween conductibility engagement can be formed by solder, and be overlapped adjacent solar battery between conductibility engagement can be passed by non-solderThe property led adhesive is formed.In some variations, two kinds of conductive adhesives can be solidified by single processing step, such asIn about 150 DEG C to about 180 DEG C of processing window.
It is described above be absorbed in multiple solar batteries are assembled in a manner of stacking on a common substrate (can be to cut outSolar battery).This leads to the formation of module.
However, need to usually install the multiple this moulds fitted together in itself to collect enough solar energy to be usedBlock.According to multiple embodiments, multiple solar cell modules can also be used stacking mode and assemble, to promote the area effect of arrayRate.
In certain embodiments, the feature of module may be to have top conduction weldering on the direction towards solar energyBand, and there is bottom conductive welding on the direction back to solar energy.
Bottom welding is embedded in below battery.Therefore, bottom welding does not stop incident light, does not also negatively affect moduleArea efficiency.In contrast, the exposure of top welding, it is possible that incident light can be stopped, so negatively affect efficiency.
According to multiple embodiments, module itself can be covered, so that top welding is covered by adjacent module.This stacking formulaModule construction can also provide additional areas for installing other elements, without negatively affecting module array most in moduleWhole exposed area.The example for the module component that may be provided in overlapping region may include but be not limited to terminal box and/or total wire bondingBand.
In certain embodiments, the terminal box of corresponding adjacent stacking formula module is in pairing arrangement, to realize itBetween electrical connection.This eliminates wiring, so simplify the construction of the array of stacking formula module.
In certain embodiments, terminal box can be reinforced and/or in combination with additional structural Self-Clinching Standoffs.This construction can produce integrated tilt module roof mounting rack solution, and wherein the size of terminal box determines gradient.IfThe array for covering formula module is mounted on roofdeck, this embodiment may be particularly useful.
Stacking formula superbattery is used in module placement, is installation module level electric power controller (for example, DC/AC is micro-Inverter, DC/DC modular power optimizer, voltage intelligent switch and relevant apparatus) provide unique chance.Module level functionRate management system is characterized in power optimization.The superbattery for being such as described herein and using can produce electricity more higher than traditional panelPressure.In addition, superbattery module placement can also be by module subregion.Voltage increases, subregion increases, these are all to optimize diving for powerIn benefit.
Subject description discloses the high-efficiency solar module (that is, solar panel) including narrow rectangle silicon solar cell,The silicon solar cell is arranged in a manner of covering and is electrically connected in a series arrangement, so that superbattery is formed, wherein super electricityPond is arranged to the row of physical parallel in solar energy module.For example, the length of superbattery can be substantially across solar energyThe overall length or overall with of module, alternatively, two or more superbatteries can be arranged to it is end-to-end in a row.Each superbatteryIt may include any amount of solar battery, in some variations, including at least 19 solar batteries, and exampleSuch as, in certain variations, it is greater than or equal to 100 silicon solar cells.Each solar energy module can have conventional rulerVery little and shape, and further include hundreds of silicon solar cells, so that the superbattery in single solar energy module be allowed to carry outIt is electrically interconnected, in order to provide for example, about 90 volts (V) to about 450V or bigger direct current (DC) voltage.
As described further below, it before being converted to AC by inverter, is boosted by eliminating or reducing to DC-DCThe needs of (D/C voltage raising), this high D/C voltage facilitate through inverter (for example, being located at micro- inversion on solar energy moduleDevice) it is converted into exchanging (AC) from direct current.As also described below to further describe, high D/C voltage also promotes use to be held by central inverterThe arrangement of row DC/AC conversion, it is folded that the central inverter receives two or more high voltages from the electrical connection that is connected in parallel to each otherThe high voltage DC of lid formula solar cell module exports.
Turning now to attached drawing, to understand solar energy module described in this specification in more detail, Fig. 1 show withThe viewgraph of cross-section for a string of solar batteries 10 that stacking mode arranges, is connected in series, the wherein end of adjacent solar batteryIt is overlapped and is electrically connected, to form superbattery 100.Each solar battery 10 includes semiconductor diode structure and connectionTo the electric contact of semiconductor diode structure, the electric current that solar battery 10 wherein generates when being irradiated by light can be touched by these electricityIt puts and is supplied to external loading.
In the example of this specification description, each solar battery 10 is rectangular crystal silicon solar cell, toolThere are front surface (day side) metallization pattern and back surface (in the shade side) metallization pattern, front surface metallization pattern is arranged in nOn the semiconductor layer of type electric conductivity, back surface metallization pattern is arranged on the semiconductor layer of p-type conductivity, these metallization figuresCase provides electrical contact for the opposite sides of n-p junction.However, if applicable, other materials system, diode junction can be usedStructure, physical size or electrical contact arrangement.For example, preceding (day side) surface metalation pattern may be provided at, p-type is conductive partly to be ledOn body layer, rear (in the shade side) surface metalation pattern be may be provided on the conductive semiconductor layer of N-shaped.
Referring again to Fig. 1, in superbattery 100, adjacent solar battery 10 is at them by conductive bonding material realityIt is conductively joined in the region being now overlapped each other, the conductive bonding material is by the front surface metal of a solar batteryChange the rear surface metallization pattern that pattern is electrically connected to adjacent solar battery.Suitable conductive bonding material may include for example leadingElectric adhesive, electrically conductive adhesive film and strip of conductive adhesive and general solder.
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy module 200 including six rectangle superbatteries 100, each rectangle is superThe length of the long side for being approximately equal to the length to solar energy module of grade battery.Superbattery is arranged to six parallel rows, long sideIt is parallel to the long side orientation of module.The solar energy module of like configurations may also comprise the superbattery of this side length, but its number of rowsIt is more than number of rows shown in the example or few.In other variations, the respective length of superbattery may be approximately equal to rectangleThe length of the short side of solar energy module, and the superbattery is arranged to parallel row, and wherein their long side is parallel toThe short side of module is orientated.In other other arrangements, each row may include two or more super electricity of series electrical interconnectionPond.Module can have the short side that length is for example, about 1 meter and the long side that length is for example, about 1.5 to about 2.0 meters.It can alsoAny other suitable shape (for example, square) and size are selected for solar energy module.
In some variations, the conductibility engagement between the solar battery of overlapping provides machinery for superbattery canPlasticity, to reconcile within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 100 DEG C and be parallel to superbattery on the direction that superbattery is arrangedThermal expansion mismatch between the glass front plate of solar energy module makes the thermal expansion mismatch be unlikely to damage solar energy module.
Each superbattery in shown example includes 72 rectangle solar batteries, the width of each rectangle solar batteryDegree is equal or approximately equal to the 1/6 of the 156mm square of stock size or the width of dead square silicon wafer, and length is equal toOr it is substantially equal to the width of square or pseudo-square wafers.In addition, in general, being used in solar energy module as described hereinRectangle silicon solar cell length can for example be equal or approximately equal to stock size square or dead square silicon waferThe width of piece, and its width is for example equal or approximately equal to the 1/ of the square of stock size or the width of pseudo-square wafersM, wherein M is≤20 any integer.M can be such as 3,4,5,6 or 12.M can also be greater than 20.Superbattery may include anyThis appropriate number of class rectangle solar battery.
Superbattery in solar energy module 200 can be by electrical interconnection (optionally, flexible electrical interconnection) or as followsModule level power electronic device interconnected in series described in text compares conventional voltage will pass through the solar energy module offer of stock sizeHigher voltage, because the stacking method described just now incorporates each module than conventional much more battery.E.g., includingThe stock size solar energy module for the superbattery being made of 1/8 cutting silicon solar cell may include more than 600 solar energyCell/module.In contrast, the stock size solar energy module of the silicon solar cell including stock size and interconnection usually wrapsInclude about 60 solar battery/modules.In conventional silicon solar module, square or dead square solar battery are usualIt is interconnected, and is separated from each other to accommodate interconnection piece by brazing band.In this case, just by the square of stock size or standardSquare wafer, which is cut into narrow rectangle, to reduce the total amount of effective solar-electricity pool area in module, so that modular power is reduced, becauseTo need interconnection piece between additional battery.In contrast, in solar energy module disclosed herein, covering formula arrangement will be between batteryElectrical interconnection be hidden in the lower section of effective solar-electricity pool area.Therefore, solar energy module as described herein can not dropHigh output voltage is provided in the case where low module output power, because of the solar battery number in modular power and solar energy moduleIt measures and trades off or be not present compromise between (interconnection piece between required battery) there are very little.
When all solar batteries are connected in series, for example, covering formula solar cell module as described herein can be withD/C voltage in about 90 volts to about 450 volts or bigger of range is provided.As described above, this high D/C voltage may be advantageous's.
For example, the micro- inverter being arranged on or near solar energy module can be used for module level power optimization and DC to ACConversion.Referring now to Figure 49 A to Figure 49 B, usually micro- inverter 4310 receives the 25V from single solar energy module 4300 extremely40V DC input, and 230V AC output is exported, to match the power grid of connection.Micro- inverter generally includes two main components:DC/DC boosting and DC/AC inversion.DC/DC boosting converts required DC bus voltage for increasing DC/AC, and usually veryExpensive and loss is very big (2% loss in efficiency).Since solar energy module as described herein provides high voltage output, can subtractLess or eliminate the needs (Figure 49 B) that boost to DC/DC.This can reduce cost and increase solar energy module 200 efficiency andReliability.
The heart (" serial type ") inverter in use rather than in the conventional arrangement of micro- inverter, conventional low DC exports solar energy mouldBlock is electrically connected to one another in series and is electrically connected to serial type inverter.Individual module electricity is equal to by the voltage that solar energy module string generatesThe summation of pressure, because module is to be connected in series.Allowable voltage range determines the minimum and maximum module number in string.Maximum normNumber of blocks is determined by module voltage and regulation voltage limits: for example, Nmax×Voc< 600V (U.S.'s residential standard) or Nmax×Voc<1,000V (commercial standard (CS)).Minimum module quantity minimum operation voltage as needed for module voltage and serial type inverter in string is determinedIt is fixed: Nmin×Vmp>VInvertermin.The behaviour of minimum needed for serial type inverter (for example, Fronius, Powerone or SMA inverter)Make voltage (VInvertermin) generally between about between 180V and about 250V.In general, the optimum operation voltage of serial type inverter is about400V。
Single high D/C voltage covers formula solar cell module and can produce than needed for serial type inverter as described hereinThe bigger voltage of minimum operation voltage, and optionally at or approximately at the optimum operation voltage of serial type inverter.Therefore, originallyHigh D/C voltage covers formula solar cell module described in text can be electrically connected to serial type inverter parallel to each other.This avoidsThe string length demand of the module string of series connection, and this demand may be such that system design and installation complicate.In addition, in the sunIn the series connection string of energy module, minimum current module is dominant, and if as the module in different roofs pitch may be sent outAs life or due to tree shade, the disparate modules in the string receive different irradiations, then system can not be operated effectively.This paper instituteThe parallel high-voltage module configuration stated can also be to avoid these problems, because passing through the electric current of each solar energy module independently of wearingCross the electric current of other solar energy modules.In addition, this arrangement does not need module level power electronic device, and therefore can improveThe reliability of solar energy module, this is even more important solar energy module to be deployed in the variations on roof.
Referring now to Figure 50 A to Figure 50 B, as described above, superbattery can extend generally the entire of solar energy moduleLength or width.In order to realize the electrical connection of the length along superbattery, (in terms of the front view) electricity hidden can be tappedPoint is integrated into solar energy module construction.Electric lead can be by being connected to too by this in the end of superbattery or middle positionThe back surface of positive energy battery metallizes to realize.Such hiding tap allows the electricity segmentation of superbattery, and makes it possible toIt is enough that the segmentation of superbattery or superbattery is interconnected to bypass diode, module level power electronic device (for example, micro- inversionDevice, power optimization device, voltage intelligent switch and relevant apparatus) or other component.The use of hiding tap existsIn No.62/081,200 U.S. Provisional Application, No.62/133,205 U.S. Provisional Application and No.14/674,983 U. S. applicationIt further describes, being incorporated by reference for each in these provisional applications is incorporated herein.
In the example of Figure 50 A (example physical layout) and Figure 50 B (exemplary circuit schematic diagram), shown solar energy module200 respectively include six superbatteries 100, and the superbattery is electrically connected in series to provide high D/C voltage.Each superbattery4400 electricity of tap being hidden is segmented into several groups solar battery, wherein every group of solar battery and different two pole of bypassThe electrical connection in parallel of pipe 4410.In these examples, bypass diode is arranged in solar energy module laminate structures, that is, solar energyBattery is in the encapsulant between front surface transparent panel and back plate.Alternatively, bypass diode, which can be set, is being located at the sunIn the rear surface of energy module or the terminal box on edge, and hiding tap is interconnected to by conducting wire wiring.
In the example of Figure 51 A (physical layout) and Figure 51 B (corresponding electrical schematic diagram), shown solar energy module 200Including six superbatteries 100, the superbattery is electrically connected in series to provide high D/C voltage.In this example, solar energy mouldBlock is segmented into the superbattery of three pairs of series connections by electricity, wherein each pair of superbattery is electrically connected from different bypass diode parallel connectionsIt connects.In this example, bypass diode is arranged in the terminal box 4500 on the back surface of solar energy module.Bypass two polesPipe can be alternatively positioned in solar energy module laminate structures or in the terminal box of edge installation.
In the example of Figure 50 A to Figure 51 B, in the normal operating of solar energy module, each solar battery is positiveBias, and therefore all bypass diodes are all reverse-biased and non-conducting.However, if one or more solar-electricities in one groupSufficiently high voltage is arrived by reverse-biased in pond, then corresponding to the bypass diode of the group will open, and the electric current for passing through module willBypass reverse-biased solar battery.This will prevent from forming dangerous hot spot in masking or failure solar battery.
Alternatively, bypass diode function can be in the module level power electronic being arranged on or near solar energy moduleIt is completed in device (such as micro- inverter).(module level power electronic device and its using herein be referred to as module level electricitySource control device or system and module level power management).This kind of module grade power electronic optionally integrated with solar energy moduleDevice can optimize each list in superbattery group, the superbattery from each superbattery or from electricity segmentationThe power of only superbattery segmentation at best power point (for example, by operating superbattery group, superbattery or superbatterySegmentation), it is enable to carry out discrete power optimization in module.Module level power electronic device can be eliminated in moduleAny bypass diode needs because power electronic device can decide when to bypass entire module, particular super batteryGroup, one or more specific individually superbatteries, and/or one or more particular super battery segmentations.
For example, this can intelligently be completed by integrating voltage on module level.By monitoring in solar energy module tooThe voltage output of positive energy battery circuit (for example, one or more superbatteries or superbattery segmentation), " intelligent switch " electricitySource control device can determine whether the circuit includes reverse-biased any solar battery.If detecting the presence of reverse-biased solar energyBattery, then (for example) relay switch or other component just can be used in electric power controller, and corresponding circuit is broken from electric systemIt opens.For example, electric power controller will be cut if the voltage of the solar battery circuit of monitoring drops below predetermined thresholdBreak the circuit (open circuit).Compared with the normal operating of circuit, predetermined threshold can be such as certain percentage or amplitude (for example,20% or 10V).Such voltage can intelligently be merged into existing module grade power electronic device product (for example, from EnphaseEnergy company, Solaredge Technologies company, Tigo Energy company) in or pass through custom circuit designTo implement.
Figure 52 A (physical layout) and Figure 52 B (corresponding electrical schematic diagram) is shown for including stacking formula superbatteryOne exemplary architecture of the module level power management of high voltage solar energy module.In this example, rectangle solar energy module 200Six rectangles including being arranged to six rows cover formula superbattery 100, and six row extends the length of the long side of solar energy module.Six superbatteries are electrically connected in series, to provide high D/C voltage.Module level power electronic device 4600 can be directed to entire moduleTo execute voltage sensor, power management and/or DC/AC conversion.
Figure 53 A (physical layout) and Figure 53 B (corresponding electrical schematic diagram) is shown for including stacking formula superbatteryAnother exemplary architecture of the module level power management of high voltage solar energy module.In this example, rectangle solar energy module200 include the six rectangles stacking formula superbattery 100 for being arranged to six rows, and six row extends the length of the long side of solar energy moduleDegree.Six superbatteries are assembled the superbattery of three pairs of series connections by electricity.Each pair of superbattery is individually connected to module levelPower electronic device 4600, so as to execute voltage sensor and power optimization on each pair of superbattery, by two in themIt is a or more to be connected in series to provide high D/C voltage, and/or execute DC/AC conversion.
Figure 54 A (physical layout) and Figure 54 B (corresponding electrical schematic diagram) is shown for including stacking formula superbatteryAnother exemplary architecture of the module level power management of high voltage solar energy module.In this example, rectangle solar energy module200 include the six rectangles stacking formula superbattery 100 for being arranged to six rows, and six row extends the length of the long side of solar energy moduleDegree.Each superbattery is individually connect with module level power electronic device 4600, so as to execute on each superbatteryTwo of which or more is connected in series to provide high D/C voltage, and/or executes DC/ by voltage sensor and power optimizationAC conversion.
Figure 55 A (physical layout) and Figure 55 B (corresponding electrical schematic diagram) is shown for including stacking formula superbatteryAnother exemplary architecture of the module level power management of high voltage solar energy module.In this example, rectangle solar energy module200 include the six rectangles stacking formula superbattery 100 for being arranged to six rows, and six row extends the length of the long side of solar energy moduleDegree.4400 electricity of tap that each superbattery is hidden is segmented into the solar battery of two or more groups.Each obtainSolar battery group is individually connect with module level power electronic device 4600, so as to execute in each solar battery groupMultiple groups are connected in series to provide high D/C voltage, and/or execute DC/AC conversion by voltage sensor and power optimization.
In some variations, two or more high voltage DCs as described herein cover formula solar cell moduleIt is electrically connected in series to provide high voltage DC output, the output is converted into AC by inverter.For example, inverter can be and the sunAn integrated micro- inverter in energy module.In this case, micro- inverter can optionally be same executes as aboveThe component of the module level power management electronics of the additional sensing and linkage function.Alternatively, inverter can beCenter " serial type " inverter, as further discussed below.
As shown in figure 56, when stringing together superbattery in series in solar energy module, the superbattery of adjacent rowIt can be slightly offset in a staggered manner along their long axis.This adjacent end portion for staggeredly superbattery being allowed to arrange is by engagingTo a superbattery top and be joined to the interconnection piece 4700 of bottom of another superbattery and be electrically connected in series, save simultaneouslyModule region (space/length) and simplify manufacture.For example, the superbattery of adjacent row can deviate about 5 millimeters.
On different heat expansion and solar battery and interconnection piece between electrical interconnection 4700 and silicon solar cellTo stress can lead to rupture and other failure modes, so as to reduce the performance of solar energy module.Therefore, it is necessary to interconnection piecesIt is flexible and be configured to reconcile such different expansion in the case where not forming significant stress.For example, by by heightDuctile material (for example, soft copper, scale copper) formation, by low coefficient of thermal expansion materials (for example, Covar (Kovar), invar closeGolden (Invar) or other low thermal coefficient of expansion iron-nickel alloys) it is formed, or by the thermal expansion coefficient with substantially matching silicon, conjunctionAnd (such as, the slit, recessed of geometry expansion characteristics in the plane of the different heat expansion reconciled between interconnection piece and silicon solar cellSlot, hole or truss structure) and/or using geometrical characteristic (such as, kink, bump outside the plane of the such different heat expansion of reconciliationOr scrobicula) material formed, interconnection piece can provide stress and thermal expansion eliminate.The conductive portion of interconnection piece can have exampleSuch as less than about 100 microns, less than about 50 microns, the thickness less than about 30 microns or less than about 25 microns, to increase interconnection pieceIt is flexible.(usually existing low current makes it possible for thin flexible conductor welding in these solar energy modules, without because thin mutualConnect the resistance of part and generate excessive power loss).
In some variations, the conductibility between superbattery and flexible electrical interconnection, which engages, forces flexible electrical interconnectionThe thermal expansion mismatch that part is reconciled within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 180 DEG C between superbattery and flexible electrical interconnection, makesThe thermal expansion mismatch is unlikely to damage solar energy module.
Fig. 7 A (as discussed above) is shown to be matched using several exemplary interconnection pieces that plane stress eliminates geometrical characteristicIt sets, is indicated by reference label 400A-400T, and Fig. 7 B-1 and Fig. 7 B-2 (same as discussed above) are shown outside using planeThe exemplary interconnection piece of stress elimination geometrical characteristic configures, and is indicated by reference label 400U and 3705.These use stress eliminationAny of interconnection piece configuration of feature or any combination may adapt to superbattery series electrical interconnection to provide high DCVoltage, as described herein.
Discussion about Figure 51 A to Figure 55 B concentrates on module level power management, wherein by module level power electronic device intoThe possibility DC/AC conversion of the high DC module voltage of row, to provide the AC output from module.As described above, as described hereinDC/AC conversion from the high D/C voltage for covering formula solar cell module can be executed alternatively by center serial type inverter.For example, Figure 57 A schematically shows photovoltaic system 4800, which includes that multiple high D/C voltages cover formula solar-electricityPond module 200, the solar cell module via the negative bus 4820 of high D/C voltage and the positive bus 4810 of high D/C voltage each other simultaneouslyConnection is electrically connected to serial type inverter 4815.In general, each solar energy module 200 includes multiple stacking formula superbatteries, it is described superGrade battery is electrically connected in series to provide high D/C voltage, as described above with electrical interconnection.For example, solar energy module 200 can appointSelection of land includes the bypass diode arranged as described above.Figure 57 B shows the exemplary portion of the photovoltaic system 4800 on roofAdministration.
In some variations of photovoltaic system 4800, high D/C voltage covers two of formula solar cell module or moreMultiple short series connection strings can be electrically connected with serial type inverter parallel.Referring again to Figure 57 A, for example, each solar energy module200 could alternatively be the series connection string that two or more high D/C voltages cover formula solar cell module 200.Doing so canIt can be to for example be provided to the voltage of inverter while deferring to supervision standard and maximize.
Conventional solar energy module generally produces about 8 amperes of Isc (short circuit current), about 50Voc (open-circuit voltage) and about35Vmp (maximum power point voltage).It as discussed above, as described herein include M times of solar battery of conventional amountsHigh D/C voltage covers the voltage and conventional solar energy mould that formula solar cell module substantially generates M times higher than conventional solar energy moduleThe electric current of the 1/M of block electric current, wherein the area of each solar battery is the about 1/M of the area of conventional solar battery.As aboveDescribed in text, M can be any suitable integer, usually≤20, but can be greater than 20.M can be such as 3,4,5,6 or 12.
If M=6, the Voc that formula solar cell module is covered for high D/C voltage can be for example, about 300V.By twoA this kind of module series connection can provide about 600V DC for bus, to defer to the maximum set value of U.S.'s residential standard.IfM=4, then covering the Voc of formula solar cell module for high D/C voltage can be for example, about 200V.By three this kind of module stringsConnection connection can provide about 600V DC for bus.If M=12, formula solar cell module is covered for high D/C voltageVoc can be for example, about 600V.It can also be by system configuration at the bus voltage having less than 600V.In such variations,High D/C voltage covers formula solar cell module can be for example in header box in pairs or triplets or with any other conjunctionSuitable combination connection, to provide optimum voltage for inverter.
The problem of being brought by the configured in parallel that above-mentioned high D/C voltage covers formula solar cell module is: if one tooPositive energy module has short circuit, then other solar energy modules may interrupt the power on short block (that is, driving a current throughPower in short block and the short block that dissipates) and generate danger.For example, preventing other modules by using being arranged toDrive a current through the blocking diode of short block, using current-limting fuse or combined use current-limting fuse and two pole of choked flowPipe, can be to avoid this problem.Figure 57 B, which is schematically shown, is covering formula solar cell module 200 just in high D/C voltageTwo current-limting fuses 4830 are used on terminal and negative terminal.
Blocking diode and/or the protection arrangement of fuse can depend on whether inverter includes transformer.Using includingNegative conductor is usually grounded by the system of the inverter of transformer.Using the system of transformerless inverter usually not by negative conductorGround connection.For transformerless inverter, preferably the plus end of current-limting fuse and solar energy module can be in line, and anotherOne current-limting fuse is in line with negative terminal.
Blocking diode and/or current-limting fuse can for example be put with each module in terminal box or in module laminate structuresIt sets together.Suitable terminal box, blocking diode (for example, embedded blocking diode) and fuse are (for example, embedded moltenSilk) it may include deriving from those of Shoals Technology Group company.
Figure 58 A shows the exemplary high voltage DC including terminal box 4840 and covers formula solar cell module, wherein hinderingStream diode 4850 and the plus end of solar energy module are in line.Terminal box does not include current-limting fuse.This configuration can be preferredGround is used in combination with one or more current-limting fuses, and the current-limting fuse is elsewhere (for example, in header box) and solar energy mouldThe plus end and/or negative terminal of block are in line (for example, with reference to following Figure 58 D).Figure 58 B is shown including terminal box 4840Exemplary high voltage DC covers formula solar cell module, and wherein the plus end of blocking diode and solar energy module is in line,And current-limting fuse 4830 is in line with negative terminal.Figure 58 C shows the stacking of the exemplary high voltage DC including terminal box 4840Formula solar cell module, wherein current-limting fuse 4830 and the plus end of solar energy module are in line, and another current-limting fuse4830 are in line with negative terminal.Figure 58 D is shown including being configured to the terminal box 4840 as shown in Figure 58 A and being located at terminal boxThe exemplary high voltage DC of external fuse covers formula solar cell module, the plus end of the fuse and solar energy module andNegative terminal is in line.
Referring now to Figure 59 A to Figure 59 B, as the substitution of above-mentioned configuration, formula solar energy is covered for all high D/C voltagesThe blocking diode and/or current-limting fuse of battery module can be placed on together in header box 4860.In these variations,One or more individual conductors individually extend to header box from each module.As shown in Figure 59 A, in a kind of selection, a poleProperty (for example, negative polarity as shown in the figure) single conducting wire between all modules share.In another kind selection (Figure 59 B),Two polarity have the individual conductor for each module.Although Figure 59 A to Figure 59 B is illustrated only in header box 4860Fuse, but any appropriate combination of fuse and/or blocking diode each may lie in header box.In addition, for example, executing such asThe electronic device of the other function of monitoring, MPPT maximum power point tracking and/or the disconnection of separate modular or module group etc can beImplement in header box.
It, can when one or more solar batteries in solar energy module are blocked or otherwise generate low currentThe reverse-biased operation of solar energy module occurs, and solar energy module is driving electricity more manageable than low current solar batteryBigger electric current is flowed to operate under the voltage and current point of low current solar battery.Reverse-biased solar battery may heatingAnd form unsafe conditions.For example, by the way that suitable operation voltage is arranged for inverter, high D/C voltage covers formula as shown in Figure 58 AThe parallel arrangement of solar cell module can make module be protected and from reverse-biased operation.This is for example by Figure 60 A to figure60B is shown.
Figure 60 A shows the electric current and voltage for being connected in parallel string that formula solar energy module is covered for about ten high D/C voltageCurve graph 4870 and power and electric current curve graph 4880.It does not include the reverse-biased sun that these curves, which are for solar energy module,What the model of energy battery calculated.Since solar energy module parallel connection is electrically connected, all of which operation voltage having the same is simultaneouslyAnd their electric current is added.In general, inverter will change the load on circuit, to probe into power vs. voltage curve, to identify the songMaximum point on line, then at this point operation module circuit to maximize output power.
In contrast, Figure 60 B is shown for some including one or more reverse-biased in the solar energy module in circuitThe case where solar battery, the song of the electric current of the model system for Figure 60 A and the curve graph 4890 and power of voltage and voltageLine chart 4900.Reverse-biased module is revealed in exemplary current voltage curve and forming knee shape, wherein from down to about 210About 10 amperes under the voltage of volt operate about 16 amperes of operations being transitioned under the voltage below about 200 volts.It is being below about 210 voltsVoltage at, the module being blocked includes reverse-biased solar battery.Reverse-biased module is also by there are two maximum values and in power-It is revealed in voltage curve: in the maximum value under about 200 volts and the local maximum under about 240 volts.Inverter canTo be configured to identify such mark of reverse-biased solar energy module, and the absolute or local maxima power reverse-biased in no moduleThe electric pressing operation solar energy module of point.In the example of Figure 60 B, inverter can at local maximum power point operation module,To ensure that no module is reverse-biased.Additionally or alternatively, minimum operation voltage can be selected for inverter, it should when being lower thanWhen minimum operation voltage, any module will be less likely reverse-biased.By other parameters (such as environment temperature, operation electric current and based onThe solar energy module temperature calculated or measured) and the other information (such as irradiation level) that is received from external source, adjustable instituteState minimum operation voltage.
In some embodiments, high D/C voltage solar energy module itself can cover, and wherein adjacent solar cell modules are with portionThe mode of overlapping is divided to arrange and be optionally electrically interconnected in their overlapping region.Such stacking formula configuration can be used optionallyIn the high voltage solar energy module for the electrical connection in parallel for providing high D/C voltage for serial type inverter, or for respectively including micro- inverseBecome the high voltage solar energy module of device, the high D/C voltage of solar energy module is converted into AC module and exported by micro- inverter.ExampleSuch as, a pair of of high voltage solar energy module can cover as just mentioned, and be electrically connected in series electric with the DC needed for providingPressure.
Conventional serial type inverter usually requires have quite wide in range potential input voltage range (or " dynamic range "), thisIt is because 1) they must be compatible with different series connection module string length 2) some modules in string can be complete or partialIt blocks and 3) variation of environment temperature and radiation can change module voltage.It is being using parallel configurations as described hereinIn system, the length of the solar energy module string of series connection will not influence voltage.In addition, be at least partially obscured for some modules andThe case where some modules are not blocked, in that case it can be decided that operating system is (for example, such as institute above under the voltage for the module not being blockedIt states).Therefore, the input voltage range of the inverter in parallel configurations system only may need to reconcile the 3rd factor (that is, temperatureAnd radiation variation) " dynamic range ".Since this is fewer, for example, inverter needs about the 30% of conventional dynamic range, thereforeInverter used in parallel configurations system as described herein can have relatively narrow MPPT (MPPT maximum power point tracking) range, exampleSuch as between about 175 volts under about 250 volts under standard conditions and high temperature and Low emissivity, such as under standard conditionsAbout 450 volts and high temperature and Low emissivity under about 350 volts between (in this case, 450 volts of MPPT operation can correspond to mostThe V under 600 volts in low temperature operationOC).In addition, as described above, inverter can receive enough D/C voltages, so as toDo not have to be directly changed into AC in the case where boost phase.Therefore, serial type inversion used in parallel configurations system as described hereinDevice can it is simpler, cost is lower, and with efficiency more higher than serial type inverter used in legacy system operation.
Micro- inverter used in formula solar cell module is covered for high-voltage direct-current as described herein and serial type is inverseBecome device, boosts needs to eliminate the DC of inverter, preferably by solar energy module (or the short series connection of solar energy moduleString) it is configured to provide operation (for example, maximum power point Vmp) D/C voltage of the peak to peak value higher than AC.For example, it is directed to 120V AC,Peak to peak value is sqrt (2) * 120V=170V.Thus, for example, solar energy module may be configured to provide the minimum of about 175VVmp.Vmp under standard conditions can with for about 212V (assuming that negative voltage temperature coefficient is 0.35%, maximum operating temp 75DEG C), and the Vmp under minimum temperature operating condition (for example, -15 DEG C) will be about 242V, therefore Voc (depends below about 300VIn module fill factor).For split-phase 120V AC (or 240V AC), all these numbers are all doubled, and this is more convenient, becauseIt is the maximum value that the U.S. allows in many residential applications for 600V DC.For business application, needs and permit higherVoltage, these numbers can further increase.
High voltage as described herein covers formula solar cell module and may be configured in > 600VOCOr > 1000VOCLower operation, in this case, module may include the integrated power electricity that the external voltage for preventing module from providing is more than code requirementSub- device.This arrangement can to operate VmpBe sufficiently used for split-phase 120V (240V needs about 350V), and when more than 600VThere is no V under low temperatureOCThe problem of.
When the connection of building and power grid is disconnected, for example, if the sun is irradiating, being incited somebody to action when being disconnected by fireman(for example, on building roof) solar energy module that electric power is provided to building can still generate electricity.This can generate following point:After building and power grid disconnect, such solar energy module may make roof " electrification " with dangerous voltage.In order toThis problem is solved, high-voltage direct-current as described herein covers formula solar cell module and can optionally include for example in moduleIn terminal box or the disconnecting unit of proximity modules terminal box.The disconnecting unit can be such as physics disconnecting unit or solid-state disconnecting unit.Disconnecting unit may be configured to such as " normally closed ", so that it, which will disconnect, comes when losing certain signals (for example, from inverter)From the high voltage output of the solar energy module of roof circuit.Communication with disconnecting unit can for example by high-voltage cable, pass throughIndividual conducting wire wireless is realized.
The remarkable advantage of stacking for high voltage solar energy module be solar battery in stacking formula superbattery itBetween thermal diffusion.It has been found by the applicant that heat can be easy to be transmitted through adjacent overlapping silicon solar electricity along silicon superbatteryRelatively thin not only conductive but also thermally conductive engagement between pond.Front surface and rear surface perpendicular to solar battery measure by conductionThe thickness for the conductive bond between adjacent overlapping solar battery that grafting material is formed can be e.g., less than or equal to about 200 micro-Rice or less than or equal to about 150 microns or less than or equal to about 125 microns or less than or equal to about 100 microns or be less than orEqual to about 90 microns or less than or equal to about 80 microns or less than or equal to about 70 microns or less than or equal to about 60 microns,Or less than or equal to about 50 microns or less than or equal to about 25 microns.This relatively thin engagement reduces the interconnection between batteryThe resistance loss at place, and any hot spot from from the superbattery that may be formed during operation is further promoted along superThe hot-fluid of grade battery.The thermal conductivity of engagement between solar battery can be greater than or be equal to about 1.5W/ (m-K).In addition, thisThe rectangular aspect ratio of usually used solar battery provides the extension area of the thermo-contact between adjacent solar battery in textDomain.
In contrast, using in the conventional solar energy module of band-like interconnection piece between adjacent solar battery, one tooThe heat generated in positive energy battery not readily passes through other solar batteries that band-like interconnection piece is diffused into module.This makes oftenIt advises solar energy module and hot spot is more readily formed than solar energy module as described herein.
In addition, the electric current for passing through the solar battery in solar energy module as described herein is usually less than conventional across a stringThe electric current of solar battery, because superbattery as described herein is usually formed by stacking formula rectangle solar battery, Mei GejuShape solar battery has the effective coverage for being less than (for example, 1/6) conventional solar battery.
Therefore, it in solar energy module disclosed herein, dissipates in reverse-biased solar battery under breakdown voltageHeat is less, and heat may be susceptible to diffuse through superbattery and solar energy module, without will form dangerous hot spot.
Several additional and optional features can make the high voltage solar energy mould for using superbattery as described hereinBlock is more tolerant to the heat to dissipate in reverse-biased solar battery.For example, superbattery can be encapsulated in thermoplastic olefin (TPO) polymerizationIn object.TPO encapsulant has more photo and thermal stability than standard ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant.EVA once it is heated or byUltraviolet light irradiation, just will become brown, and current limliting battery is caused to generate hot issue.In addition, solar energy module can have it is doubleGlass structure, wherein the superbattery encapsulated is sandwiched between glass front plate and back glass.Such double glass structures make tooPositive energy module being capable of the safety operation at the higher temperature of temperature being resistant to than conventional polymer back plate.In addition, if in the presence of connecingIf wire box, terminal box be may be mounted on one or more edges of solar energy module, rather than after solar energy moduleFace, wherein additional insulation layer is added to the solar battery in the module of top by terminal box.
Therefore, applicants have recognized that, the high voltage solar energy module formed as described herein by superbattery can be withUsing the bypass diode than conventional solar energy module much less, because the hot-fluid for passing through superbattery can permit module oneIt is operated in the case that a or multiple solar batteries are reverse-biased, without generating significant risk.For example, in some variations, such asEvery 25 solar batteries, which use, in high voltage solar energy module as described herein is less than a bypass diode, every 30 sunCan battery use less than a bypass diode, every 50 solar batteries use less than a bypass diode, it is every 75 tooPositive energy battery, which uses to use less than a bypass diode, every 100 solar batteries, is less than a bypass diode, or onlySingle bypass diode does not have bypass diode.
Referring now to Figure 61 A to Figure 61 C, the exemplary high voltage solar energy module using bypass diode is provided.WhenWhen a part of solar energy module is blocked, the damage to module can be prevented or reduced by using bypass diode.Needle4700,10 superbatteries 100 of exemplary solar energy module shown in Figure 61 A are connected in series.As shown, 10 superBattery arrangement is at parallel.Each superbattery contains the solar battery 10 of 40 series connections, wherein 40 solar-electricitiesEach of pond is formed by the 1/6 of square or dead square, as described herein.In normal unobstructed operation, electric currentIt is flowed into from terminal box 4716, flows through each of the superbattery 100 being connected in series by conducting wire 4715, and subsequent electric currentIt is flowed out by terminal box 4717.It is optionally possible to using single terminal box, rather than individually terminal box 4716 and 4717, fromAnd make electric current back to a terminal box.Example shown in Figure 61 A shows about two pole of bypass of each superbatteryThe specific implementation of pipe.As shown, single bypass diode is connected electrically in one at the point of the centre approximately along superbatteryTo between adjacent superbattery (for example, single bypass diode 4901A is connected electrically in the 22nd sun of the first superbatteryBetween adjacent solar battery in energy battery and the second superbattery, the second bypass diode 4901B, which is connected electrically in, the second to be surpassedIt is such between grade battery and third superbattery).First string battery and last a string of batteries only have two poles of each bypassManage the approximately half of of solar battery quantity in corresponding superbattery.For example shown in Figure 61 A, the first string battery and mostEach bypass diode only corresponds to 22 batteries in a string of batteries afterwards.Change for high voltage solar energy module shown in Figure 61 AThe quantity that the bypass diode of type form total (11) is equal to superbattery adds 1 additional bypass diode.
For example, each bypass diode can be merged into flexible circuit.Referring now to Figure 61 B, it is shown twoThe expansion view of the bypass diode join domain of adjacent superbattery.The view of Figure 61 B is originated from non-sunny slope.As shown,Two solar batteries 10 on adjacent superbattery are electrically connected using the flexible circuit 4718 for including bypass diode 4720It connects.Flexible circuit 4718 and bypass diode 4720 are electrically connected to using the engagement pad 4719 being located in solar battery rear surfaceSolar battery 10.(referring also to hereinafter in relation to providing the tap hidden to bypass two using hiding engagement padPole pipe is discussed further).Additional bypass diode electrical connection scheme can be used to reduce the solar energy of each bypass diodeNumber of batteries.One example is shown in Figure 61 C.As shown, a bypass diode is approximately along the centre of superbatteryIt is connected electrically between each pair of adjacent superbattery.Bypass diode 4901A is connected electrically in the first superbattery and second superBetween adjacent solar battery on battery, bypass diode 4901B is connected electrically in the second superbattery and third superbatteryOn adjacent solar battery between, bypass diode 4901C is connected electrically on third superbattery and the 4th superbatteryIt is such between adjacent solar battery.It may include second group of bypass diode, to reduce the partial occlusion the case whereThe quantity of the lower solar battery by bypass.For example, bypass diode 4902A is between bypass diode 4901A and 4901BMiddle point is connected electrically between the first superbattery and the second superbattery, and bypass diode 4902B is in bypass diodeMiddle point between 4901B and 4901C is connected electrically between the second superbattery and third superbattery, such, fromAnd reduce the number of batteries of each bypass diode.Optionally, another group of bypass diode can be electrically connected, so as to furtherReduce the quantity for the solar battery that will be bypassed in the case where partial occlusion.Bypass diode 4903A is in bypass diodeMiddle point between 4902A and 4901B is connected electrically between the first superbattery and the second superbattery, bypass diodeMiddle point of the 4903B between bypass diode 4902B and 4901C is connected electrically in the second superbattery and third superbatteryBetween, to be further reduced the number of batteries of each bypass diode.The nesting that this configuration forms bypass diode is matchedIt sets, to allow to bypass a small amount of battery pack during part is covered.Additional diode can be electrically connected in this manner, directlyThe solar battery quantity to needed for reaching each bypass diode, for example, each bypass diode about 8, about 6, about 4Or about 2 solar batteries.In some modules, each bypass diode needs about 4 solar batteries.If desired, figureOne or more of bypass diode shown in 61C can be incorporated into hiding flexible interconnection, as shown in Figure 61 B.
Subject description discloses the cutting method of the cutting tool of solar battery and solar battery, the cutting toolCan be used for that the square of stock size or dead square solar battery are for example divided into multiple narrow rectangles or reality with cutting methodThe solar battery of rectangle in matter.The bottom surface and bending of these cutting tools and method in the solar battery of stock sizeSupport surface between apply vacuum so that the solar battery of stock size is bent against curved support surface, thus edgePreviously ready quarter line drawing solar battery is cut.The advantages of these cutting tools and cutting method, is that they are notIt needs to be physically contacted with the upper surface of solar battery.Therefore, these cutting tools and method can be used for cutting solar battery,It include the soft material and/or uncured material that can be physically contacted damage on the upper surface of the solar battery.In addition, oneIn a little variations, these cutting tools and cutting method may need only to connect with the part of the bottom surface of solar batteryTouching.In such variations, these cutting tools and method can be used for cutting solar battery, the bottom of the solar batteryIt include the soft material and/or uncured material that will not contact cutting tool in the multiple portions on portion surface.
For example, a kind of method for manufacturing solar battery disclosed herein using cutting tool and method includes: oneOn each battery in the silicon solar cell of a or multiple stock sizes with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thusMultiple rectangular areas are defined on silicon solar cell；Electroconductive binder grafting material is applied to one or more silicon solar electricityIn the multiple portions of the top surface in pond；And bottom surface and curved support table in one or more silicon solar cellsApply vacuum between face so that one or more silicon solar cell is bent against curved support surface, and cause one orMultiple silicon solar cells then obtain multiple rectangle silicon solar cells, each rectangle silicon solar along line drawing cutting is carvedAll position adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in some electroconductive binder grafting material on battery.To solar energyBefore or after battery progress laser incising is drawn, electroconductive binder grafting material can be applied to the silicon solar cell of stock sizeOn.
Obtained multiple rectangle silicon solar cells, which can be arranged, to be in line, wherein the length of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cellWhile being overlapped in a manner of covering, and a part of electroconductive binder grafting material is disposed there between.Conductive bonding material withAfter can solidify, so as to by the engagement of the rectangle silicon solar cell of adjacent overlapping to being electrically connected in series each other and by them.ThisProcess will form stacking formula " superbattery ", as described in the patent application listed in " cross reference to related applications " above.
Turning now to attached drawing to more fully understand cutting tool disclosed herein and method, Figure 20 A is schematically shownIt can be used for carving the side view of the example devices 1050 for the solar battery cutting drawn.In this device, carve draw it is normalScale cun solar cell wafer 45 carries the bending part by vacuum manifold 1070 by mobile porous belts 1060.Work as solar energyBattery wafer 45 by vacuum manifold bending part when, the vacuum that is applied by hole in porous belts is by solar cell wafer45 bottom surface is pulled towards vacuum manifold, so that solar battery be made to be bent.It can be to the song of the bending part of vacuum manifoldRate radius R is selected, so that in this way can be by solar battery along quarter line drawing by the bending of solar cell wafer 45Cutting forms rectangle solar battery 10.Rectangle solar battery 10 can be used for example in superbattery, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 instituteShow.Solar cell wafer 45 can be cut in this way, applied electroconductive binder grafting material without contacting45 top surface of solar cell wafer.
Cutting can preferentially start (that is, in edge for solar battery 45) at the one end for carving line drawing, such asBy will carve line drawing be arranged to vacuum manifold θ at an angle so that for every quarter line drawing, one end the other end itThe preceding bending part for reaching vacuum manifold.As shown in fig. 20b, for example, solar battery can be oriented such that its carve line drawing withThe direction of travel of porous belts and, manifold traveling perpendicular to porous belts angled with the bending cut portion of manifoldDirection orientation.For another example, Figure 20 C shows battery orientation at making it carve line drawing perpendicular to the direction of travel of porous belts, and discriminationThe bending of pipe rive part be orientated to it is angled with the direction of travel of porous belts.
For example, cutting tool 1050 can be used single mobile porous belts 1060, the mobile porous belts have perpendicular toThe width of direction of travel, the width are approximately equal to the width of solar cell wafer 45.Alternatively, tool 1050 may include twoA, three, four or more mobile porous belts 1060, the mobile porous belts can for example be arranged side by side in parallel and appointSelection of land is separated from each other.Single vacuum manifold can be used in cutting tool 1050, and the vacuum manifold can be for example with verticalIn the width of the direction of travel of solar battery, which is substantially equal to the width of solar cell wafer 45.This vacuum discriminationPipe can be for example used together with the mobile porous belts 1060 of single entire width, such as be arranged side by side in parallel andTwo or more the such porous belts being optionally separated from each other are used together.
Cutting tool 1050 may include that two or more that be arranged side by side and be separated from each other in parallel are curved trueEmpty manifold, wherein every vacuum manifold curvature having the same.This arrangement can be for example more with the movement of single entire widthPore area 1060 is used together, or be arranged side by side in parallel and be optionally separated from each other two or more are such morePore area is used together.For example, the tool may include the mobile porous belts 1060 for every vacuum manifold.It is arranged in latterIn, vacuum manifold and its corresponding mobile porous belts can be arranged only along two fillets defined by the width of porous beltsThe bottom of contact solar cell chip.In this case, bottom surface of the solar battery in solar cell waferIt may include the soft material that will not contact porous belts in region, so that not having to damage the risk of soft material in cutting process.
Any suitable configurations of mobile porous belts and vacuum manifold can be used in cutting tool 1050.
In some variations, before being cut using cutting tool 1050, the solar cell wafer drawn is carved45 include uncured conductive adhesive grafting material and/or other soft materials at the top of it and/or in bottom surface.The sunCan battery wafer draw the application with soft material quarter and can be carried out by any order.
Figure 62 A schematically shows another exemplary cutting tool 5210 similar to above-mentioned cutting tool 1050Side view, and Figure 62 B shows top view.In cutting tool 5210 in use, by solar-electricity is drawn at the quarter of stock sizePond chip 45 is placed on the porous belts 5230 that a pair of of parallel interval is opened, and the porous belts are with constant speed a pair of correspondingIt is moved above parallel and spaced apart vacuum manifold 5235.The usually curvature having the same of vacuum manifold 5235.When chip withIt is brilliant by the power of the vacuum pulled in bottom of wafer when porous belts travel across cutting region 5235C above vacuum manifoldPiece is surrounded to be bent by the cut radius of the bent support delimited of vacuum manifold.When chip is bent around cut radius, carveLine drawing becomes crackle, and the crackle divides the wafer into individual rectangle solar battery.As described further below, vacuum manifoldCurvature be arranged such that the rectangle solar battery of adjacent cutting is non-coplanar, and therefore, it occurs in cutting processAfterwards, the edge of the rectangle solar battery of adjacent cutting does not contact each other.The rectangle solar battery of cutting, which can use, appointsWhat suitable method progressive unloading from porous belts, several examples of the method are described below.In general, discharging method intoOne step is separated from one another by the solar battery of adjacent cutting, to prevent them to be in contact with each other when then coplanar.
Referring also to Figure 62 A to Figure 62 B, every vacuum manifold may include for example: flat site 5235F, not provide trueEmpty, offer low vacuum or high vacuum；Optional curve transition region 5235T provides low vacuum or high vacuum, or along its lengthDegree is transitioned into high vacuum from low vacuum；The cutting region 5235C of high vacuum is provided；And the small radii of low vacuum is provided and is cutCut rear region 5235PC.Chip 45 is transported from flat site 5235F to transitional region 5235T and passes through the area by porous belts 5230Domain is then transported in cutting region 5235C, and wherein chip is cut, and the cutting solar battery 10 that will then obtainTransport is left cutting region 5235C and is entered in cutting rear region 5235PC.
Flat site 5235F is usually operated in the case where chip 45 is tied to the low vacuum of porous belts and vacuum manifold enough.Vacuum herein can lower (or being not present), with reduce friction and therefore reduce needed for porous belts tension, this is because willChip 45 is tied to flat surfaces and is easier than being tied to curved surface.Vacuum in flat site 5235F can be for example, about 1To about 6 inches of mercury.
Transitional region 5235T provides transition curvature to cutting region 5235C from flat site 5235F.Transitional regionOne or more radius of curvature in 5235T are greater than the radius of curvature in cutting region 5235C.For example, in transitional region 5235TBending can be elliptical a part, but any suitable bending can be used.Allow chip 45 by transitional region 5235T withSmaller Curvature varying transits directly to cutting area from the flat orientation in the 5235F of region close to cutting region 5235CCut radius in the 5235C of domain helps to ensure that the edge of chip 45 will not be promoted and breaking vacuum, and promotion and breaking vacuum canThe cut radius that can make it difficult to be tied to chip in cutting region 5235C.Vacuum in transitional region 5235T can exampleIt is such as identical as in cutting region 5235C, among region 5235F and 5235C or along region 5235T length in areaTransition between domain 5235F and region 5235C.Vacuum in transitional region 5235T can be for example, about 2 to about 8 inches of mercury.
Cutting region 5235C can have the radius of curvature of variation, or optionally have constant radius of curvature.It is thisConstant radius of curvature can be for for example, about 11.5 inches, about 12.5 inches or between about 6 inches and about 18 inches.It canTo use any suitable curvature range, and the depth that line drawing is carved in the thickness and chip 45 of chip 45 can be based partially onThe curvature range is selected with geometry.In general, chip is thinner, makes wafer bending and be enough to rupture it along line drawing is carvedRequired radius of curvature is shorter.Carving line drawing can have for example, about 60 microns to about 140 microns of depth, but also can be usedAny other suitably more shallow or deeper quarter line drawing depth.In general, it is more shallow to carve line drawing, make wafer bending and being enough make its alongRadius of curvature needed for carving line drawing rupture is shorter.The cross-sectional shape for carving line drawing also will affect required radius of curvature.HaveWedge-shaped or foot wedges quarter line drawings can be than having round or rounded bottom quarter line drawing more effectively concentrated stress.More effectivelyThe quarter line drawing of ground concentrated stress allows the radius of curvature in cutting region not need the quarter that picture is less effective ground concentrated stressLine drawing is small like that.
At least usually compare for the vacuum in the cutting region 5235C of a vacuum manifold in two parallel vacuum manifoldsIt is high in other regions, to ensure that chip is suitably tied to cutting radius of curvature, to maintain constant bending stress.OptionallyGround, and as further described, in the region, a manifold can provide than another higher vacuum of manifold, so as toIt preferably controls along the rupture for carving line drawing.Vacuum in cutting region 5235C can be for example, about 4 to about 15 inches of mercury, orAbout 4 to about 26 inch of mercury of person.
Cutting rear region 5235PC usually has radius of curvature more smaller than cutting region 5235C.This is conducive to from porousBreak surface friction or contact with the solar battery for shifting cutting in 5230, without allowing adjacent cutting solar battery(this may cause because crackle or other failure modes cause solar cell failure).Specifically, smaller radius of curvature existsBigger spacing is provided between the edge of adjacent cutting solar battery on porous belts.Cut the vacuum in rear region 5235PCCan lower (for example, with similar or identical in flat site 5235F) because chip 45 has been split into solar battery 10,Therefore no longer need for solar battery to be tied to the bending radius of vacuum manifold.For example, the side of the solar battery 10 of cuttingEdge can be taken away from porous belts 5230.Furthermore, it is possible to it is desirable that the solar battery of cutting 10 not tensed excessively.
The flat of vacuum manifold, transition, cutting and cutting rear region can be the discrete parts of different curves, and theyEnd matching.For example, the upper surface of every manifold may include flat planar section, oval one for transitional regionPartially, a part of another circular arc or ellipse for the circular arc of cutting region, and for cutting rear region.Alternatively, discriminationSome or all of bending part of upper surface of pipe may include the company that curvature gradually increases (close diameter of a circle reduction)Continuous geometric function.This suitable functions may include but be not limited to spiral functions (such as clothoid) and natural logrithm function.It returnsRevolving curve is the curvature curve linearly increasing along crooked route length.For example, in some variations, transitional region is cutCutting region and cutting rear region all is a part of the single clothoid with the one end for matching flat site.Some otherIn variations, transitional region is the clothoid of the other end of one end and matching cutting region with matching flat site,The cutting region has circle curvature.In variations below, cutting rear region can have the circle of such as more minor radiusThe clothoid curvature of curvature or more minor radius.
As described above and such as Figure 62 B and Figure 63 A is schematically shown, and in some variations, a manifold existsHigh vacuum is provided in cutting region 5235C, and another manifold provides low vacuum in cutting region 5235C.High vacuum discriminationThe end Complete Bind for the chip that pipe supports it to manifold curvature, thus covering high vacuum manifold quarter line drawing endPlace provides enough stress, to start along quarter line drawing rupture.The end for the chip that low vacuum manifold does not support it is completeIt is tied to the curvature of manifold, therefore, the bending radius of the chip on the side is not small enough, can not be formed in quarter line drawing and start to ruptureRequired stress.However, stress is sufficiently high, so as to extend covering high vacuum manifold quarter line drawing the other end at start splitLine.There is no some vacuum by the end part of chip and to be fully tied to the feelings of the curvature of manifold on " low vacuum " sideUnder condition, may have following risk: the crackle started on opposite " high vacuum " end of chip will not expand on chip alwaysExhibition.In variations as just mentioned, a manifold optionally can provide low vacuum along its whole length, from platformRegion 5235F passes through cutting rear region 5235PC.
As just mentioned, the asymmetric vacuum arrangement in cutting region 5235C provides asymmetric stress, institute along line drawing is carvedIt states asymmetric stress control edge and carves line drawing and form the core of crackle and control crackle and spread along line drawing is carved.See, for example, Figure 63 B, such asFruit is alternatively, two vacuum manifolds provide equal (for example, high) vacuum in cutting region 5235C, then can be in chipBoth ends at form the core of crackle, crackle can extend toward each other, and merge in the somewhere of the central area of chip.?In this case, there are following risks: crackle does not form straight line each other, and therefore, their crackles in obtained cutting batteryThe potential mechanical failure point to merge.
As the substitution of above-mentioned asymmetric vacuum arrangement, or as supplement, by the way that the one end for carving line drawing is arranged toThe cutting region of manifold is reached before the other end, cutting can preferentially start at the one end for carving line drawing.For example, this can pass throughSolar cell wafer is orientated to and vacuum manifold is at an angle realizes, as described in above in association with Figure 20 B.Alternatively,Vacuum manifold may be disposed so that the cutting region of a manifold in two manifolds and the cutting area of another vacuum manifoldDomain is compared to be extended further along porous belt path.For example, two vacuum manifolds with same curvature can be porous in movementIt is slightly offset on the direction of travel of band, so that solar cell wafer is before the cutting region for reaching another vacuum manifoldReach the cutting region of a manifold.
Referring now to Figure 64, in an example shown, every vacuum manifold 5235 includes along in vacuum passage 5245The heart arranges straight through-hole 5240.As shown in Figure 65 A to Figure 65 B, vacuum passage 5245 is recessed into support porous belts 5230In the upper surface of manifold.Every vacuum manifold further includes being placed between through-hole 5240 and along the center of vacuum passage 5245The centre strut 5250 for the arrangement that is in line.Vacuum passage 5245 is effectively divided into positioned at row's centre strut by centre strut 5250Either side on two parallel vacuum passages.Centre strut 5250 also provides support for porous belts 5230.In no center branchIn the case where column 5250, porous belts 5230 will be exposed to longer no supporting zone, and may be by downward towards through-hole 5240It inhales.It can lead to the three-dimensional bending (being bent with cut radius and perpendicular to cut radius) of chip 45, in this way so as to damageSolar battery simultaneously interferes cutting process.
As shown in Figure 65 A to Figure 65 B and Figure 66 to Figure 67, in the example shown, through-hole 5240 and low vacuum chamber 5260L(the flat site 5235F in Figure 62 A is connected to transitional region 5235T), with the high vacuum chamber 5260H (cutting region in Figure 62 AIt 5235C) is connected to, and is connected to another low vacuum chamber 5260L (the cutting rear region 5235PC in Figure 62 A).It is this to be arranged inSmooth transition is provided between low vacuum regions and high vacuum region in vacuum passage 5245.Through-hole 5240 provides enough flowingsResistance, so that air-flow will not deflect into the hole completely, and allow it if the corresponding region in hole fully opensHe maintains vacuum in region.Vacuum passage 5245 assists in ensuring that the hole 5255 of vacuum porous belts will have vacuum always, and works as and setIt is not in dead point when being placed between through-hole 5240.
Referring again to Figure 65 A to Figure 65 B and also can be found in Figure 67, porous belts 5230 may include such as two rounds 5255,The hole is optionally arranged so that when porous belts advance along manifold, the leading edge of the solar battery 10 of chip 45 or cuttingIt is remained under vacuum with rear 527.Specifically, the interlaced arrangement in the hole 5255 in shown example ensures chip 45 or cutsThe edge of the solar battery 10 cut is Chong Die at least one hole 5255 in each porous belts 5230 always.This helps to preventThe edge of chip 45 or the solar battery 10 of cutting is raised far from porous belts 5230 and manifold 5235.Also hole can be used5255 any other suitable arrangement.In some variations, the arrangement in hole 5255 cannot ensure chip 45 or cuttingThe edge of solar battery 10 remains under vacuum.
Mobile porous belts 5230 in the shown example of cutting tool 5210 are only along the width by porous belts along the sunCan battery wafer transverse edge and the bottom of two fillet contact solar cell chips 45 defined.Therefore, solar-electricityPond chip can include the soft material that will not contact porous belts 5230 for example in the region of the bottom surface of solar cell wafer(such as, incured adhesives), so that not having to damage the risk of soft material in cutting process.
In substitute variants form, for example, single mobile porous belts 5230 can be used in cutting tool 5210, rather than such asThe mobile porous belts of just described two, the single mobile porous belts have the width perpendicular to direction of travel, and the width is aboutEqual to the width of solar cell wafer 45.Alternatively, cutting tool 5210 may include three, four or more movements are morePore area 5230, the mobile porous belts can be arranged side by side in parallel and optionally be separated from each other.Cutting tool 5210 canTo use single vacuum manifold 5235, the vacuum manifold can width for example with the direction of travel perpendicular to solar batteryDegree, the width are substantially equal to the width of solar cell wafer 45.This vacuum manifold can for example with single entire widthMobile porous belts 5230 are used together, or be arranged side by side and be optionally separated from each other in parallel two or moreSuch porous belts are used together.Cutting tool 5210 may include for example by two curved vacuum manifolds 5235 along opposite crossTo the single mobile porous belts 5230 of edge supports, the curved vacuum manifold is arranged side by side and is spaced each other in parallelIt opens, and every vacuum manifold curvature having the same.Cutting tool 5210 may include being arranged side by side in parallel and to each otherThe curved vacuum manifold 5235 of three or more separated, wherein every vacuum manifold curvature having the same.This arrangement canTo be for example used together with the mobile porous belts 5230 of single entire width, or be arranged side by side in parallel and optionally thatThe such porous belts of this three or more spaced apart are used together.For example, cutting tool may include for every vacuum manifoldMobile porous belts 5230.
Any suitable configurations of mobile porous belts and vacuum manifold can be used in cutting tool 5210.
As described above, in some variations, before being cut, solar energy is drawn at quarter with what cutting tool 5210 was cutBattery wafer 45 includes uncured conductive adhesive grafting material at the top of it and/or in bottom surface and/or other are softMaterial.The quarter of solar cell wafer draws the application with soft material and can carry out by any order.
Porous belts 5230 (and porous belts 1060 in cutting tool 1050) in cutting tool 5210 can be with following speedTransport solar cell wafer 45: for example, about 40 mm/seconds (mm/s) to about 2000mm/s or bigger or about 40mm/s are to about500mm/s or bigger or about 80mm/s or bigger.Compared with compared with low velocity, can more easily it cut at higher speedsSolar cell wafer 45.
Referring now to Figure 68, once after cutting, due to surrounding the geometry of curved, adjacent cutting battery 10Leading edge and rear 527 between some spacing will be present, this can form wedge gap between adjacent cutting solar battery.If in the case where spacing between the battery for not increasing cutting first, the battery that allows to cut is back to flat coplanarOrientation, then the edge of adjacent cutting battery may be contacted and be damaged each other.It would thus be advantageous to cutting battery still byWhile curved surface supports, they are removed from porous belts 5230 (or porous belts 1060).
Figure 69 A to Figure 69 G schematically shows several device and method, and the solar battery cut whereby can be from moreOne or more additional mobile porous belts or mobile surface are removed and are transported in pore area 5230 (or porous belts 1060),Spacing between the solar battery of middle cutting increases.In the example of Figure 69 A, by one or more conveyer belts 5265 from porousWith the solar battery 10 for collecting cutting in 5230, the conveyer belt is moved more quickly than than porous belts 5230, and thereby is increased and cutThe spacing between solar battery 10 cut.For example, conveyer belt 5265 can be set between two porous belts 5230.SchemingIn the example of 69B, by being slided along the sliding machine 5270 being arranged between two porous belts 5230, the chip 10 of cutting is dividedIt cuts.In this example, the battery 10 of each cutting is advanced to the low vacuum (for example, without vacuum) of manifold 5235 by porous belts 5230In region, so that the battery of cutting is discharged into sliding machine 5270, while the non-cut portion of chip 45 is still by porous belts 5230Fixing.Air cushion is provided between the battery 10 and sliding machine 5270 of cutting to be helped to ensure battery and sliding machine during operation notIt is worn, and also the battery 10 cut is allowed quickly to slide away from chip 45, to allow faster cutting belt operation speedDegree.
In the example of Figure 69 C, rotation " great wheel " arranges the bracket 5275A in 5275 by the solar battery 10 of cuttingOne or more bands 5280 are transmitted to from band 5230.
In the example of Figure 69 D, rotating roller 5285 applies vacuum by actuator 5285A, to pick up from band 5230It the solar battery 10 of cutting and places them on band 5280.
In the example of Figure 69 E, bracket actuator 5290 includes that bracket 5290A and the extension type being mounted on bracket causeDynamic device 5290B.Bracket 5290A is translated back and forth, so that actuator 5290B to be positioned to remove the solar energy of cutting from band 5230Battery 10, and then be arranged to the solar battery of cutting can be placed on band 5280 by actuator 5290B.
In the example of Figure 69 F, track bracket arrangement 5295 includes the bracket 5295A for being attached to mobile band 5300, describedBracket 5295A is arranged to that the solar battery 10 of cutting can be removed from band 5230 by mobile band, and then by bracket 5295AIt is arranged to the solar battery 10 of cutting can be placed on band 5280, due to the path of band 5230, when bracket declines from band 5280Latter situation can occur down or when pulling away.
In the example of Figure 69 G, inverted vacuum belt arrangement 5305 applies vacuum by one or more mobile porous belts,So that the solar battery 10 of cutting is transmitted to band 5280 from band 5230.
Figure 70 A to Figure 70 C provides the exemplary tool of attached drawing description above in association with Figure 62 A to Figure 62 B and laterThe orthogonal view of other variations.The variations 5310 use conveyer belt 5265, such as in the example of Figure 69 A, so as to fromThe solar battery 10 of cutting is removed in porous belts 5230, uncut chip 45 is transported the cutting of tool by the porous beltsIn region.The perspective of Figure 71 A to Figure 71 B shows the variations of the cutting tool in two different operating stages.?In Figure 71 A, for uncut chip 45 close to the cutting region of tool, and in Figure 71 B, chip 45 comes into cuttingRegion, and two cutting solar batteries 10 with chip divide, then when they by conveyer belt 5265 transport when thatThis further divides.
Other than previously described feature, Figure 70 A to Figure 71 B shows multiple vacuum ports 5315 on every manifold.The variation that vacuum is preferably controlled along the length of the upper surface of manifold may be implemented using multiple mouths for every manifold.For example, notSame vacuum port 5315 can be optionally connected to from different vacuum chambers (for example, 5260L and 5260H in Figure 66 and Figure 72 B),And/or it is optionally coupled to different vacuum pumps, to provide different vacuum pressures along manifold.Figure 70 A to Figure 70 B also showsThe fullpath of porous belts 5230 is gone out, the porous belts surround wheel 5325, the upper surface of vacuum manifold 5235 and wheel5320 circulations.For example, band 5230 can be driven by wheel 5320 or wheel 5325.
Figure 72 A and Figure 72 B show a part by porous belts 5230 for the variations of Figure 70 A to Figure 71 B and coverThe perspective view of a part of the vacuum manifold 5235 of lid, wherein Figure 72 A provides the close-up view of a part of Figure 72 B.Figure73A shows the top view of a part of the vacuum manifold 5235 covered by porous belts 5230, and Figure 73 B is shown along figureThe identical vacuum manifold of the interception of line C-C shown in 73A and the cross-sectional view of porous belts arrangement.As shown in Figure 73 B, through-hole 5240Relative orientation can change along the length of vacuum manifold so that each through-hole be arranged to be located at through-hole right aboveThe part of the upper surface of manifold is vertical.Figure 74 A shows the another of a part of the vacuum manifold 5235 covered by porous belts 5230One top view, wherein illustrating vacuum chamber 5260L and 5260H with perspective.Figure 74 B shows the low coverage of a part of Figure 74 AFrom view.
Figure 75 A to Figure 75 G is shown can be optionally for several exemplary bore patterns of vacuum porous belts 5230.TheseThe common trait of pattern is, passes through the chip 45 of pattern or the sun of cutting perpendicular to long axis any position on tape of bandThe straight edge of energy battery 10 will be overlapped at least one hole 5255 in each belt always.For example, the pattern may include twoThe staggered square of row or more row or rectangular opening (Figure 75 A, Figure 75 D), the staggered round hole of two or more rows (Figure 75 B, figure75E, Figure 75 G), two or more rows inclined groove (Figure 75 C, Figure 75 F) or any other suitable hole arrangement.
Subject description discloses the high-efficiency solar modules including silicon solar cell, and the silicon solar cell is to be overlappedStacking mode is arranged and is electrically connected in series by the conductibility engagement between adjacent overlapping solar battery, to be formed superBattery, these superbatteries are arranged to the row of physical parallel in solar energy module.Superbattery may include any suitable quantitySolar battery.For example, the length of superbattery can substantially overall length or overall with across solar energy module, alternatively, twoA or more superbattery can be arranged to end-to-end in a row.This arrangement conceals the electricity between solar battery mutuallyEven part, and therefore can be used to form the solar energy module with visual attraction, wherein adjacent series connection solar energyThere are very little difference or no difference between battery.
This specification also disclose help to metallize stencilization to solar battery front surface (and optionally)Cell metallization pattern in rear surface.As used herein, " stencilization " of cell metallization refers to by otherwisePatterning in impermeable plate of material, which is open, is applied to solar cell surface for metallization material (for example, silver paste)On.For example, the template can be patterned stainless steel plate.Patterning opening in template is entirely free of masterplate material, andIt and does not for example include any mesh or silk screen.Due to there is no mesh or web material in patterned template opening, can incite somebody to action" stencilization " used herein is distinguished with " silk-screen printing ".In contrast, in silk-screen printing, metallization material passes throughThe silk screen (for example, mesh) of patterned permeable material is supported to be applied in solar cell surface.The pattern includes notMetallization material is applied on solar battery by the opening in permeable material by the opening.Support silk screen extends throughCross the opening in impermeable material.
Compared with silk-screen printing, the stencilization of cell metallization pattern provides multiple advantages, including line width it is narrower,Length-width ratio (line height and the width) is higher, line uniformity and boundary more preferably and template than silk screen, the service life is longer.SoAnd stencilization can not one-step print go out " island " needed in conventional three bus metalizations design.In addition, stencilization withoutMethod one-step print goes out to need template to include the metallization pattern of unbraced structure, and the unbraced structure is during printing and unlimitedIn the plane in template, and it may interfere with the placement and use of template.For example, stencilization can not one-step print go out goldCategoryization pattern, wherein the metallization finger-shaped material being arranged in parallel is mutual by the bus extended perpendicular to finger-shaped material or other metallization featuresEven, because the single template of this design by include opening by being used for bus and be used for that the opening of finger-shaped material to define without supportPlate tongue piece.The tongue piece will not be confined to the flat of template during printing because of the physical connection of the other parts with templateIn face, and plane will likely be removed and the placement of template and use is made to change.
Therefore, template is used to print conventional solar cell and needed with two different templates to front side metallization by trialIt is printed twice or stencilization step is combined with screen printing step, will increase total printing of each battery in this wayIt number of steps and can also lead to the problem of " pressing ", when this problem occurs, two block letter are overlapped and lead to double-height.It is describedPressing is so that further processing complicates, and additional printing and correlation step will increase cost.Therefore, silk-screen printing is simultaneouslySeldom it is used for solar battery.
As described further below, front surface metallization pattern as described herein may include not schemed by front surface metallizationCase is connected to the array (for example, parallel lines) of mutual finger-shaped material.These patterns can carry out a template print with single templateBrush, because required template does not need to include no support section or structure (for example, tongue piece).For standard-sized solar-electricityFor the solar battery string that pond and solar battery wherein spaced apart are interconnected by brazing band, this front surface metallization patternIt may be unfavorable, because metallization pattern itself will not provide a large amount of current distributions or electrical conduction perpendicular to finger-shaped material.SoAnd front surface metallization pattern as described herein extremely has in the stacking arrangement of rectangle solar battery as described hereinIt imitates, wherein the rear surface metallization pattern of a part and adjacent solar battery of the front surface metallization pattern of solar batteryIt is overlapped and conductive bond is to the rear surface metallization pattern.This is because the overlapping rear surface metal of adjacent solar batteryThe current distribution and electrical conduction that can be provided in front surface metallization pattern perpendicular to finger-shaped material are provided.
Turning now to attached drawing, to understand solar energy module described in this specification in more detail, Fig. 1 show withThe viewgraph of cross-section for a string of solar batteries 10 that stacking mode arranges, is connected in series, the wherein end of adjacent solar batteryIt is overlapped and is electrically connected, to form superbattery 100.Each solar battery 10 includes semiconductor diode structure and connectionTo the electric contact of semiconductor diode structure, the electric current that solar battery 10 wherein generates when being irradiated by light can be touched by these electricityIt puts and is supplied to external loading.
In the example of this specification description, each solar battery 10 is rectangular crystal silicon solar cell, toolThere are front surface (day side) metallization pattern and back surface (in the shade side) metallization pattern, front surface metallization pattern is arranged in nOn the semiconductor layer of type electric conductivity, back surface metallization pattern is arranged on the semiconductor layer of p-type conductivity, these metallization figuresCase provides electrical contact for the opposite sides of n-p junction.However, if applicable, other materials system, diode junction can be usedStructure, physical size or electrical contact arrangement.For example, preceding (day side) surface metalation pattern may be provided at, p-type is conductive partly to be ledOn body layer, rear (in the shade side) surface metalation pattern be may be provided on the conductive semiconductor layer of N-shaped.
Referring again to Fig. 1, in superbattery 100, adjacent solar battery 10 is at them by conductive bonding material realityIt is conductively directly connectcted in the region being now overlapped each other, the conductive bonding material is by the front surface of a solar batteryMetallization pattern is electrically connected to the rear surface metallization pattern of adjacent solar battery.Suitable conductive bonding material may include exampleSuch as electroconductive binder, electrically conductive adhesive film and adhesive tape and general solder.
Referring again to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 shows the exemplary rectangular solar energy modules including six rectangle superbatteries 100200, the length of the long side for being approximately equal to the length to solar energy module of each rectangle superbattery.Superbattery is arranged in parallelSix rows, long side be parallel to module long side orientation.The solar energy module of like configurations may also comprise the super of this side lengthBattery, but its number of rows is more than number of rows shown in the example or few.In other variations, the respective length of superbattery can be withBe substantially equal to the length of the short side of rectangle solar energy module, and the superbattery is arranged to parallel row, wherein theyLong side be parallel to module short side orientation.In other other arrangements, each row may include two or more super electricityPond, the superbattery can such as series electrical interconnections.Module can have short side and the length that length is for example, about 1 meterFor for example, about 1.5 to about 2.0 meters of long side.Any other suitable shape can also be selected (for example, square for solar energy moduleShape) and size.In this example, each superbattery includes 72 rectangle solar batteries, each rectangle solar batteryWidth is substantially equal to the 1/6 of the width of 156 millimeters (mm) squares or pseudo-square wafers, and length is about 156mm.It can alsoTo use the rectangle solar battery of any other suitable quantity He any other suitable dimension.
Figure 76 shows the exemplary front surface gold be conducive on the rectangle solar battery 10 of stencilization as described aboveCategoryization pattern.Front surface metallization pattern can be formed by such as silver paste.In the example of Figure 76, front surface metallization patternIncluding multiple finger-shaped materials 6015, the finger-shaped material is parallel to the short side for each other, being parallel to solar battery and perpendicular to solar energyThe long side of battery and extend.Front surface metallization pattern further includes being parallel to and extending adjacent to the long side edge of solar batteryThe optional engagement pad 6020 of one row, wherein each engagement pad 6020 is located at the end of finger-shaped material 6015.In case of presence, oftenA engagement pad 6020 is electroconductive binder (ECA), solder or for conductively connecing the front surface of shown solar batteryThe independent globule for closing other conductive bonding materials of the lap of the rear surface of adjacent solar battery provides region.PadCan be for example with round, square or rectangular shape, but any suitable pulvilliform shape also can be used.As using conduction to connectThe substitution of the independent globule of condensation material, ECA, solder, conductive tape or its being arranged along the long side edge of solar batteryThe solid line or dotted line of his conductive bonding material can interconnect some or all of finger-shaped material, and solar battery is engagedTo adjacent overlapping solar battery.This dotted line or solid line conductive bonding material can be with the conductibility pads of finger-shaped material endIt is used in combination, or is used in the case where no such conductibility pad.
Solar battery 10 can have the width of for example, about length of 156mm, about 26mm, and therefore with the length of about 1:6Width is than (length/long side length of short side).Can be prepared on the standard-sized silicon wafer of 156mm × 156mm six it is this tooPositive energy battery is divided (cutting) then to provide the solar battery of diagram.It, can be by standard silicon in other variationsIt is about 19.5mm × 156mm that chip, which prepares eight sizes, therefore the solar battery 10 that length-width ratio is about 1:8.More generally, tooPositive energy battery 10 can have the length-width ratio of for example, about 1:2 to about 1:20, and can be by standard size chip or any other suitable rulerVery little chip preparation.
Referring again to Figure 76, front surface metallization pattern may include about 60 to about 120, the battery fingers of for example every 156mm wideShape object, for example, about 90 finger-shaped materials.The width of finger-shaped material 6015 can be for example, about 10 to about 90 microns, for example, about 30 microns.Refer toShape object 6015 can have the height on the surface perpendicular to solar battery, and for example, about 10 to about 50 microns.Finger-shaped material height canFor for example, about 10 microns or bigger, about 20 microns or bigger, about 30 microns or bigger, about 40 microns or bigger or about 50 is micro-Rice is bigger.The diameter (circle) or side length (square or rectangle) of pad 6020 can be for example, about 0.1mm to about 1mm, for example, about0.5mm。
Rear surface metallization pattern for rectangle solar battery 10 may include for example being parallel to and adjacent to solar-electricityThe discrete engagement pad of a row, the engagement pad or continuous bus of row interconnection of the long side edge in pond.However, such engagement pad or totalLine is not required.If front surface metallization pattern includes that one edge in the long side along solar battery is arrangedEngagement pad 6020, then the engagement pad row or bus (if present) in rear surface metallization pattern are along solar batteryAnother long side edge arrangement.After rear surface metallization pattern may also include all residues for substantially covering solar batteryThe metal back side contact on surface.The exemplary rear surface metallization pattern of Figure 77 A is including the discrete engagement pad 6025 of a row and such asMetal back side contact 6030 just described, and the exemplary rear surface metallization pattern of Figure 77 B include continuous bus 35 withAnd metal back side contact 6030 as just mentioned.
In covering formula superbattery, the front surface metallization pattern of solar battery is conductively joined to the adjacent sunThe lap of the rear surface metallization pattern of energy battery.For example, if solar battery includes front surface metallized contact pad6020, then each engagement pad 6020 can be aligned simultaneously (if present) with corresponding rear surface metallized contact pad 6025And it is joined to the engagement pad, or be directed at and be joined to the bus with rear surface metallization bus 35 (if present),Or it is joined to the metal back side contact 6030 (if present) in adjacent solar battery.This can be for example by being arranged inThe discrete parts (for example, globule) of conductive bonding material in each engagement pad 6020 are completed, or by being parallel to solar-electricityThe edge in pond extends and optionally leads dotted line or solid line that two or more engagement pads in engagement pad 6020 are electrically interconnectedMaterial is electrically engaged to complete.
If solar battery lacks front surface metallized contact pad 6020, for example, each front surface metallization figureCase finger-shaped material 6015 can be aligned (if present) with corresponding rear surface metallized contact pad 6025 and be joined to thisEngagement pad is perhaps joined to rear surface metallization bus 35 (if present) or is joined in adjacent solar batteryMetal back side contact 6030 (if present).This can be for example by being arranged on the overlapping end of each finger-shaped material 6015Conductive bonding material discrete parts (for example, globule) complete, or the edge by being parallel to solar battery extend andOptionally the dotted line of two or more finger-shaped materials electrical interconnection in finger-shaped material 6015 or solid line conductive bonding material are completed.
As described above, for example, if rear surface bus 35 and/or back metal contact 6030 exist, it is adjacentThe multiple portions of the overlapping rear surface metallization of solar battery can be provided hangs down with the finger-shaped material in front surface metallization patternStraight current distribution and electrical conduction.It is conductive in the variations using dotted line as described above or solid line conductive bonding materialGrafting material can provide the current distribution and electrical conduction vertical with the finger-shaped material in front surface metallization pattern.The rear table of overlappingFace metallization and/or conductive bonding material can carry electric current for example to bypass the finger being destroyed in front surface metallization patternShape object or the interference of other finger-shaped materials.
If it exists, rear surface metallized contact pad 6025 and bus 35 can be formed by such as silver paste, it is describedSilver paste can be applied using stencilization, silk-screen printing or any other suitable method.Metal back side contact 6030 canFor example to be formed by aluminium.
Also any other suitable rear surface metallization pattern and material can be used.
Figure 78 shows the exemplary front surface metallization pattern on square solar battery 6300, the square sunEnergy battery can be cut into multiple rectangle solar batteries, and each rectangle solar battery has front surface shown in Figure 76 goldenCategoryization pattern.
Figure 79 shows the exemplary rear surface metallization pattern on square solar battery 6300, the square sunEnergy battery can be cut into multiple rectangle solar batteries, and each rectangle solar battery has rear surface shown in Figure 77 AMetallization pattern.
Front surface metallization pattern as described herein can enable to raw in the solar battery of three printing machines of standardThe stencilization of front surface metallization is carried out in producing line.For example, production process can include: use the first printing machine by silver paste mouldVersion printing is screen-printed in the rear surface of square solar battery, forms rear surface engagement pad or rear surface silver bus；Then rear surface silver paste is dried；Then by the stencilization of aluminium contact or the sun is screen-printed to using the second printing machineIn the rear surface of energy battery；Then aluminium contact is dried；Then it is individually being made by third printing machine using single templateSilver paste is printed onto the front surface of solar battery in version step, forms complete front surface metallization pattern；It is then rightSilver paste is dried；Then solar battery is toasted.If applicable, these printings and correlation step can be byIt carries out, or omits according to any other sequence.
Front surface metallization pattern is printed using template to make it possible to produce than that may produce by silk-screen printingThe narrower finger-shaped material of finger-shaped material, so as to improve solar battery efficiency and reduce the use of silver, thus reduce and be produced intoThis.By single template in single stencilization step stencilization go out front surface metallization pattern make it possible to produce provideHave the front surface metallization pattern of uniform height, such as do not press, if be used in combination multiple templates or stencilization withSilk-screen printing carries out overlapping printing to define the feature extended in different directions, then is likely to occur pressing.
After front surface and rear surface metallization pattern are formed on square solar battery, each square solar energyBattery is segmented into two or more rectangle solar batteries.This is cut after can for example being drawn by laser incising come completeAt, or pass through any other suitable method completion.Rectangle solar battery can be arranged simultaneously by the stacking mode of overlappingAnd be conductively joined to each other as described above, to form superbattery.Subject description discloses for manufacturing solar-electricityThe method in pond, wherein there is reduced Carrier recombination to lose for the edge of solar battery, for example, not promoting carrier multipleThe cut edge of conjunction.Solar battery can be such as silicon solar cell, and more particularly can be HIT silicon solarBattery.This specification also discloses stacking formula (overlapping) the superbattery arrangement of such solar battery.In such superbatterySingle solar battery can have narrow rectangular geometry (for example, streaky shape), the wherein length of adjacent solar batteryWhile being arranged to overlapping.
By with implementing present in such as high performance solar batteries of HIT solar battery etc in a manner of cost-benefitSignificant challenge is, it is generally recognized that needs that high current is carried to phase from such high performance solar batteries using a large amount of metalThe high performance solar batteries of adjacent series connection.Such high performance solar batteries are cut into narrow rectangle solar battery item, thenWith the solar battery that overlapping (stacking) pattern is arranged, wherein there is conduction between the lap of adjacent solar batteryProperty engagement so as to the series connection formed in superbattery solar battery string, thus by process simplification to reduce moduleCost provides chance.Adjacent solar battery is interconnected into usually required regular worker with metal welding band this is because can eliminateSequence.By reducing the electric current by solar battery (since single solar battery item can have than conventional smaller effective districtDomain), and by the current path length between reduction adjacent solar battery, it is both likely to reduced resistance loss, so thatThis stacking method can also improve module efficiency.The electric current of reduction also can permit use inexpensively but the biggish conducting wire of resistanceCostly but the less conducting wire of resistance (for example, silver), and performance is not lost significantly for (for example, copper) replacement.In addition, this foldedLid method can reduce invalid module region by eliminating interconnection welding and relevant contacts from the front surface of solar battery.
The solar battery of stock size can have for example having a size of from about 156 millimeters (mm) × about 156mm substantially justRectangular front surface and rear surface.In stacking scheme just described, such solar battery is cut into two or moreThe solar battery item of (for example, two to 20) 156mm long.The potential challenges of this stacking method are, with conventional rulerVery little solar battery is compared, and the solar battery of stock size is cut into every effective coverage that sheet increases solar batteryBattery edge length, so as to reduce performance due to the Carrier recombination because of edge.
For example, schematically show will be with about 156mm × about 156mm front surface and rear surface size by Figure 80HIT solar battery 7100 is cut into several solar battery items (7100a, 7100b, 7100c and 7100d), each solar-electricityPond item has having a size of from about 156mm × the narrow rectangular front face and rear surface of about 40mm.(the 156mm long side of solar battery itemIt extends in the page).In the example shown, HIT battery 7100 includes N-shaped single crystalline substrate 5105, and the substrate can for example haveThere are about 180 microns of thickness and having a size of from about 156mm × about 156mm preceding square surface and rear square surface.About 5 receiveIntrinsic amorphous Si:H (a-Si:H) layer of rice (nm) thickness and the n+ of about 5nm thickness adulterate a-Si:H layers, and (two layers are all by reference label7110 instructions) it is arranged in the front surface of crystalline silicon substrate 7105.Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) film 5120 of about 65nm thicknessIt is arranged on a-Si:H layer 7110.Conductive metal gridline 7130 on tco layer 7120 is set for before solar batterySurface provides electric contact.(two layers are all by referring to for a-Si:H layers of the p+ doping of intrinsic a-Si:H layers of about 5nm thickness and about 5nm thicknessLabel 7115 indicates) it is arranged in the rear surface of crystalline silicon substrate 7105.Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) film of about 65nm thickness7125 are arranged on a-Si:H layer 7115, and the conductive metal gridline 7135 being arranged on tco layer 7125 is solar energyThe rear surface of battery provides electric contact.(above-mentioned size and material are intended to illustrate rather than limit, and if applicable, can be withChange).
Referring also to Figure 80, if HIT solar battery 7100 is cut to strip solar battery by conventional method7100a, 7100b, 7100c and 7100d, then the edge 7140 newly cut is not passivated.Contain highly dense in these non-passivation edgesThe dangling chemical bonds of degree, the dangling chemical bonds promote Carrier recombination and reduce the performance of solar battery.Specifically,The cutting surfaces 7145 of exposure n-p junction and the cutting surfaces (in layer 7110) of exposure heavy doping front surface area are not passivated, andCarrier recombination can be remarkably promoted.In addition, if being used for conventional laser cutting or the laser incising process of drawing to cut solar-electricityPond 7100, then it is possible that thermal damage on the edge newly formed, such as the recrystallization 7150 of amorphous silicon.Due to non-passivation sideEdge and thermal damage, if using conventional manufacturing process, cutting solar battery 7100a, 7100b, 7100c andThe new edge expection formed on 7100d can reduce the quasi- fill factor of short circuit current, open-circuit voltage and solar battery.This phaseWhen in the performance significant decrease of solar battery.
By method shown in Figure 81 A to Figure 81 J, can be cut into more to avoid by the HIT solar battery of stock sizeIt is formed during narrow solar battery item and promotes compound edge.This method uses the solar battery 7100 of stock sizeFront surface and rear surface on isolated groove, so as to by the front surface area of p-n junction and heavy doping with may fill in other respectsWhen the cut edge of the spot of minority carrier is electrically isolated.Slot wedge is not defined by conventional cutting, but uses chemistryEtching or laser patterning, deposit passivation layer such as makes the TCO of preceding groove and the passivation of rear groove later.With heavily doped region phaseThan substrate doping is sufficiently low, so that the electronics in knot reaches very little a possibility that not being passivated cut edge of substrate.In addition,The wafer dicing techniques of few scratch, laser heat divide (TLS), can be used to cut crystal, to avoid potential thermal damage.
In the example shown in Figure 81 A to Figure 81 J, starting material is that the square N-shaped monocrystalline silicon original cutting of about 156mm is brilliantPiece, the chip can have the body resistivity of for example, about 1 to about 3 ohm-cm and can be for example, about 180 microns of thickness.It is (brilliantThe substrate of the formation solar battery of piece 7105).
Referring to Figure 81 A, former cut crystal 7105 usually carries out texture etching, pickling, rinsing and drying.
Next, in Figure 81 B, for example, by plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD), at for example, about 150 DEG CTo at a temperature of about 200 DEG C, by n+a-Si:H layers of the doping of about 5nm thick intrinsic a-Si:H layer and about 5nm thickness (two layers all byReference label 7110 indicates) it is deposited in the front surface of chip 7105.
Next, in Figure 81 C, for example, by PECVD, for example, about 150 DEG C to about 200 DEG C at a temperature of, will about 5nmThick intrinsic a-Si:H layers and p+a-Si:H layers of the doping (two layers are all indicated by reference label 7115) of about 5nm thickness are deposited on crystalline substanceIn the rear surface of piece 7105.
Next, preceding a-Si:H layer 7110 forms isolated groove 7112 by patterning in Figure 81 D.Isolated groove7112 usual penetrated beds 7110 can have for example, about 100 microns to about 1000 microns of width to reach chip 7105,For example, about 200 microns.In general, groove has the minimum widith that can be used, it is specifically dependent upon patterning techniques and then applicationCutting technique accuracy.The patterning of groove 7112 can be for example using laser patterning or chemical etching (for example, ink-jetWet type patterning) it completes.
Next, rear a-Si:H layer 7115 forms isolated groove 7117 by patterning in Figure 81 E.Similar to isolationGroove 7112, the usual penetrated bed 7115 of isolated groove 7117 can have for example, about 100 microns extremely to reach chip 7105About 1000 microns of width, for example, about 200 microns.The patterning of groove 7117 can for example be lost using laser patterning or chemistry(for example, ink-jet wet type patterns) is carved to complete.Each groove 7117 is in line with the respective grooves 7112 in the front surface of structure.
Next, the tco layer 7120 of about 65nm thickness is deposited on patterned preceding a-Si:H layer 7110 in Figure 81 F.This can for example be completed by physical vapour deposition (PVD) (PVD) or ion plating.Tco layer 7120 is filled in a-Si:H layer 7110The external margin of groove 7112 and coating 7110, to make the surface passivation of layer 7110.Tco layer 7120 also serves as antireflectionCoating.
Next, the tco layer 7125 of about 65nm thickness is deposited on patterned rear a-Si:H layer 7115 in Figure 81 G.This can for example be completed by PVD or ion plating.Tco layer 7125 is filled the groove 7117 in a-Si:H layer 7115 and is coveredThe external margin of cap rock 115, to make the surface passivation of layer 7115.Tco layer 7125 also serves as anti-reflection coating.
Next, conductibility (for example, metal) front surface gridline 7130 is screen-printed to tco layer in Figure 81 HOn 7120.Gridline 7130 can be formed by such as low temperature silver paste.
Next, conductibility (for example, metal) rear surface gridline 7135 is screen-printed to tco layer in Figure 81 IOn 7125.Gridline 7135 can be formed by such as low temperature silver paste.
Next, after deposition gridline 7130 and gridline 7135, for example, about 200 DEG C at a temperature of by the sunIt can be battery solidification about 30 minutes.
Next, by cutting solar battery at the center of groove, solar battery is divided into too in Figure 81 JPositive energy cell strip 7155a, 7155b, 7155c and 7155d.Cutting can for example be drawn by conventional laser quarter at the center of grooveIt completes with machine cuts, is cut with being directed at groove for solar battery.Alternatively, the hot dividing method of laser can be used(for example, by Jena optics group (Jenoptik AG) develop) is completed to cut, wherein the induced with laser at the center of grooveHeating causes mechanical stress, and the mechanical stress cuts alignment groove by solar battery.Later approach can be to avoidThermal damage is caused to the edge of solar battery.
Obtained strip solar battery 7155a-7155d is different from strip solar battery 7100a- shown in Figure 807100d.Specifically, the edge of a-Si:H layer 7110 and a-Si:H layer 7115 in solar battery 7140a-7140d passes throughEtching or laser patterning and formed, rather than formed by machine cuts.In addition, in solar battery 7155a-7155dThe edge of layer 7110 and 7115 is passivated by tco layer.Therefore, solar battery 7140a-7140d lacks solar battery 7100a-Promote the cut edge of Carrier recombination present in 7100d.
It is intended to illustrate in conjunction with Figure 81 A to Figure 81 J method described, rather than limits.If applicable, it is described as by specificThe step of sequence executes can execute in other sequences or parallel.If applicable, it is convenient to omit, addition or replacement step andMaterial layer.For example, if the use of copper-plated metallization in the process may include additional patterning and seed layer deposition stepSuddenly.In addition, only preceding a-Si:H layer 7110 is patterned in some variations to form isolated groove, then a-Si:H layersIsolated groove is not formed in 7115.In other variations, only rear a-Si:H layer 7115 is patterned to form isolated groove,And isolated groove is not formed in preceding a-Si:H layer 7115.Such as in the example of Figure 81 A to Figure 81 J, in these variations,It is cut at the center of groove.
By method shown in Figure 82 A to Figure 82 J, can also be cut into avoid by the HIT solar battery of stock sizeIt is formed during narrower solar battery item and promotes compound edge, the method also uses isolated groove, is similar to and combines figureUsed in method described in 81A to 81J like that.
Referring to Figure 82 A, in this example, starting material is equally the square N-shaped monocrystalline silicon original cut crystal of about 156mm7105, the chip can have the body resistivity of for example, about 1 to about 3 ohm-cm and can be for example, about 180 microns of thickness.
Referring to Figure 82 B, groove 7160 is formed in the front surface of chip 7105.It is micro- that these grooves can have for example, about 80The depth that 150 microns of meter Zhi Yue, for example, about 90 microns, and can have for example, about 10 microns to about 100 microns of width.EveryFrom the geometry that groove 7160 defines the solar battery item that will be formed by chip 7105.As will be illustrated, chip7105 will cut as the crow flies with these grooves.Groove 7160 can be carved for example, by conventional laser chip and draw and be formed.
Next, chip 7105 usually carries out texture etching, pickling, rinsing and drying in Figure 82 C.Etching is usually goneDamage caused by except the damage being initially present in the surface of former cut crystal 7105 or during forming groove 7160.ErosionGroove 7160 can also be widened and be deepened to quarter.
Next, in Figure 82 D, for example, by PECVD, for example, about 150 DEG C to about 200 DEG C at a temperature of, will about 5nmThick intrinsic a-Si:H layers and n+a-Si:H layers of the doping (two layers are all indicated by reference label 7110) of about 5nm thickness are deposited on crystalline substanceIn the front surface of piece 7105.
Next, in Figure 82 E, for example, by PECVD, for example, about 150 DEG C to about 200 DEG C at a temperature of, will about 5nmThick intrinsic a-Si:H layers and p+a-Si:H layers of the doping (two layers are all indicated by reference label 7115) of about 5nm thickness are deposited on crystalline substanceIn the rear surface of piece 7105.
Next, in Figure 82 F, before the tco layer 7120 of about 65nm thickness is deposited on a-Si:H layer 7110.This can exampleSuch as completed by physical vapour deposition (PVD) (PVD) or ion plating.Tco layer 7120 can fill groove 7160 and usually coverThe external margin of the wall of groove 7160 and bottom and layer 7110, to make the surface passivation of covering.Tco layer 7120 also serves as anti-Reflectance coating.
Next, the tco layer 7125 of about 65nm thickness is deposited on rear a-Si:H layer 7115 in Figure 82 G.This can exampleSuch as completed by PVD or ion plating.Tco layer 7125 makes surface (e.g., including the external margin) passivation of layer 7115, andAlso serve as anti-reflection coating.
Next, conductibility (for example, metal) front surface gridline 7130 is screen-printed to tco layer in Figure 82 HOn 7120.Gridline 7130 can be formed by such as low temperature silver paste.
Next, conductibility (for example, metal) rear surface gridline 7135 is screen-printed to tco layer in Figure 82 IOn 7125.Gridline 7135 can be formed by such as low temperature silver paste.
Next, after deposition gridline 7130 and gridline 7135, for example, about 200 DEG C at a temperature of by the sunIt can be battery solidification about 30 minutes.
Next, by cutting solar battery at the center of groove, solar battery is divided into too in Figure 82 JPositive energy cell strip 7165a, 7165b, 7165c and 7165d.Cutting can for example be cut by conventional mechanical at the center of grooveIt completes, is cut with being directed at groove for solar battery.Alternatively, cutting can be for example using laser heat as described aboveDividing method is completed.
Obtained strip solar battery 7165a-7165d is different from strip solar battery 7100a- shown in Figure 807100d.Specifically, the edge of the a-Si:H layer 7110 in solar battery 7165a-7165d is formed by etching, withoutIt is to be formed by machine cuts.In addition, the edge of the layer 7110 in solar battery 7165a-7165d is passivated by tco layer.CauseThis, solar battery 7165a-7165d lacks the cutting for promoting Carrier recombination present in solar battery 7100a-7100dEdge.
It is intended to illustrate in conjunction with Figure 82 A to Figure 82 J method described, rather than limits.If applicable, it is described as by specificThe step of sequence executes can execute in other sequences or parallel.If applicable, it is convenient to omit, addition or replacement step andMaterial layer.For example, if the use of copper-plated metallization in the process may include additional patterning and seed layer deposition stepSuddenly.In addition, groove 7160 can be formed in the rear surface of chip 7105 in some variations, rather than chip 7105Front surface in.
It is suitable for N-shaped and p-type HIT solar-electricity above in association with Figure 81 A to Figure 81 J and Figure 82 A to Figure 82 J method describedPond.Solar battery can be preceding transmitter or rear transmitter.Can cutting procedure preferably be executed on the side of not transmitter.In addition, that is reduced on cut crystal edge using isolated groove and passivation layer as described above compound is also applied for other tooPositive energy battery design, and it is suitable for the solar battery using material system in addition to silicon.
Referring again to Fig. 1, the solar batteries 10 of a string of series connections for using the above method to be formed can advantageously withStacking mode arranges that wherein the end of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and is electrically connected, to form superbattery 100.SuperIn battery 100, adjacent solar battery 10 is conductively joined to that by conductive bonding material in the region that they are overlappedThis, the front surface metallization pattern of a solar battery is electrically connected to adjacent solar battery by the conductive bonding materialRear surface metallization pattern.Suitable conductive bonding material may include that such as electroconductive binder, electrically conductive adhesive film and conduction are viscousMixture band and general solder.
Referring again to Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 A shows the exemplary rectangular sun including 20 rectangle superbatteries 100Energy module 200, wherein the length of each rectangle superbattery is approximately equal to the half of solar energy module bond length.Super electricityThe end-to-end pairs of arrangement in pond, and ten row's superbatteries are formed, wherein the row of superbattery and long side are parallel to solar energy moduleShort side orientation.In other variations, every row's superbattery may comprise three or more superbatteries.In addition,In other variations, the form arrangement that superbattery can be end-to-end is in a row, and the row of superbattery and long side are parallel toThe long side of rectangle solar energy module is orientated, or is parallel to the side orientation of square solar energy module.In addition, solar energy module canIncluding than more or fewer superbatteries shown in this example and the superbattery of more or less rows.
Superbattery in that, in each row be arranged such that at least one of they have in the row another is superIn the variations of front surface terminal contacts on the end of the neighbouring superbattery of grade battery, there may be shown in Fig. 5 AOptional gap 210, to facilitate the front surface terminal contacts of center line formation and superbattery 100 along solar energy moduleElectrical contact.In the variations that every row's superbattery includes three or more superbatteries, it can be deposited between superbatteryIn additional gap, similarly to contribute to form the electrical contact with the front surface terminal contacts far from each side of solar energy module.
Fig. 5 B shows another exemplary rectangular solar energy module 300 including 10 rectangle superbatteries 100, whereinThe length of each rectangle superbattery is approximately equal to solar energy module bond length.It is parallel that superbattery is arranged to its long sideIt is orientated in the short side of module.In other variations, the length of superbattery may be approximately equal to rectangle solar energy moduleThe length of long side, and the superbattery is oriented such that their long side is parallel to the long side of solar energy module.It is superThe length of battery also may be approximately equal to the side length of square solar energy module, and the superbattery is oriented such that itLong side be parallel to the side of solar energy module.In addition, solar module may include than shown in the example it is more or fewer thisThe superbattery of kind side length.
The solar energy module 200 that Fig. 5 B also shows Fig. 5 A is wherein respectively being arranged between the adjacent superbattery in superbatteryAppearance in the case where very close to each other.Also any other suitable cloth of the superbattery 100 in solar energy module can be usedIt sets.
What the paragraph being exemplified below provided the disclosure adds unrestricted aspect.
1.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
A rectangle of N (N >=25) of series connection or the solar battery string of substantial rectangular, the solar battery, which has, to be greater thanAbout 10 volts of average voltage breakdown, the solar battery assemble one or more superbatteries, and each superbattery wrapsTwo or more solar batteries for the arrangement that is in line are included, wherein the long side of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and use was both conductiveThermally conductive adhesive is conductively engaged with each other again；
Solar battery group and side wherein in the solar battery string, without single solar battery or sum less than NThe individually electrical connection in parallel of road diode.
2.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 30.
3.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 50.
4.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 100.
5.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein adhesive forms engagement, institute between adjacent solar batteryIt states and is bonded on perpendicular to the thickness on solar battery direction less than or equal to about 0.1mm, and perpendicular to solar battery sideUpward thermal conductivity is greater than or equal to about 1.5w/m/k.
6.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein N number of solar battery is assembled to single super electricityPond.
7.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein superbattery is encapsulated in the polymer.
7A.According to solar energy module described in clause 7, wherein the polymer includes thermoplastic olefin polymer.
7B.According to solar energy module described in clause 7, wherein the polymer is clipped between glass front plate and back plate.
7C.According to solar energy module described in clause 7B, wherein the back plate includes glass.
8.According to solar energy module described in clause 1, wherein the solar battery is silicon solar cell.
9.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Superbattery, the superbattery substantially solar energy module across the edge for being parallel to the solar energy moduleWhole length or width, the superbattery include the N number of rectangle being connected in series or the solar battery string of substantial rectangular, instituteStating solar battery has greater than about 10 volts of an average voltage breakdown, and the solar battery is in line arrangement, wherein it is adjacent tooThe long side of positive energy battery is overlapped and is conductively engaged with each other with not only conductive but also thermally conductive adhesive；
Solar battery group and bypass two wherein in the superbattery, without single solar battery or sum less than NPole pipe individually electrical connection in parallel.
10.According to solar energy module described in clause 9, wherein N > 24.
11.According to solar energy module described in clause 9, wherein superbattery has at least about 500mm in the flow directionLength.
12.According to solar energy module described in clause 9, wherein superbattery be encapsulated in be sandwiched in glass front plate and back plate itBetween thermoplastic olefin polymer in.
13.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
Multiple silicon solar cells, each silicon solar cell include:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting is on the front surface and including before at least one of the first long side settingSurface engagement pad；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, at least one of setting on the back surface and including neighbouring second long side setting are carried on the backSurface engagement pad；
Wherein the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the first long side of adjacent silicon solar cell and the overlapping of the second long side,And the front surface engagement pad and back surface engagement pad on adjacent silicon solar cell are overlapped and engage material by conductive adhesiveMaterial is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series.And
Wherein the front surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell includes barrier, and the barrier is configured in superbatteryManufacture during, conductive adhesive grafting material solidification before substantially conductive adhesive grafting material is confined at leastOne front surface engagement pad.
14.According to superbattery described in clause 13, wherein it is adjacent for every a pair and overlapping silicon solar cell andIt says, the barrier and another silicon solar cell in the front surface of a silicon solar cell in the silicon solar cellA part is overlapped and is hidden by the part, thus during the manufacture of superbattery, in conductive adhesive grafting materialConductive adhesive grafting material is substantially confined to the overlapping region of the front surface of silicon solar cell before solidifying.
15.According to superbattery described in clause 13, wherein the barrier includes continuous conductive threads, it is described continuousConductive threads are parallel to the first long side and the whole length of the first long side of substantially advancing, the contact of wherein at least one front surfacePad is between continuous conductive threads and the first long side of solar battery.
16.According to superbattery described in clause 15, wherein front surface metallization pattern includes finger-shaped material, the finger-shaped materialIt is electrically connected at least one described front surface engagement pad and advances perpendicular to first long side, and continuous conductive threadsFinger-shaped material is electrically interconnected, to provide multiple conductive paths from each finger-shaped material at least one front surface engagement pad.
17.According to superbattery described in clause 13, wherein front surface metallization pattern includes adjacent and parallel to firstLong side arranges rows of multiple discrete engagement pads, and the barrier includes forming the more of independent barrier for each discrete engagement padA feature, the multiple feature substantially will before the solidification of conductive adhesive grafting material during the manufacture of superbatteryConductive adhesive grafting material is confined to discrete engagement pad.
18.According to superbattery described in clause 17, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the independent barrier andHigher than the corresponding discrete engagement pad.
19.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
Multiple silicon solar cells, each silicon solar cell include:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting is on the front surface and including before at least one of the first long side settingSurface engagement pad；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, at least one of setting on the back surface and including neighbouring second long side setting are carried on the backSurface engagement pad；
Wherein the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the first long side of adjacent silicon solar cell and the overlapping of the second long side,And the front surface engagement pad and back surface engagement pad on adjacent silicon solar cell are overlapped and engage material by conductive adhesiveMaterial is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series.And
Wherein the back surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell includes barrier, which is configured to super in manufactureDuring battery, substantially conductive adhesive grafting material is confined at least before the solidification of conductive adhesive grafting materialOne back surface engagement pad.
20.According to superbattery described in clause 19, wherein back surface metallization pattern includes neighbouring and is parallel toTwo long sides arrange the rows of discrete engagement pad of one or more, and the barrier includes being formed individually for each discrete engagement padMultiple features of barrier, the multiple feature solidify it during the manufacture of superbattery, in conductive adhesive grafting materialIt is preceding that conductibility grafting material is substantially confined to discrete engagement pad.
21.According to superbattery described in clause 20, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the independent barrier andHigher than the corresponding discrete engagement pad.
22.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and formed multipleRectangle silicon solar cell, wherein each silicon solar cell is substantially equal along the length of its long axis；And
Rectangle silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent solar battery is made to be overlapped and conductively be joined to thatThis, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series；
Wherein the multiple rectangle silicon solar cell includes: that there are two at least one rectangle solar battery of chamfering, institutes for toolChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of pseudo-square wafers or a part at turning；And respectively lack one or more rectangles of chamferingSilicon solar cell.And
The wherein square by making the width vertical with including the long axis of rectangle silicon solar cell of chamfering be greater than and lack chamferingThe vertical width of the long axis of shape silicon solar cell, and the spacing between the parallel lines along cutting pseudo-square wafers is carried outSelection, to compensate chamfering；Therefore, multiple rectangular silicon sun during the work of solar battery string, in solar battery stringThe front surface of each of energy battery battery, the area being exposed under sunlight are substantially equal.
23.A kind of solar battery string, comprising:
The multiple silicon solar cells for the arrangement that is in line, wherein the end of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and is conductively joined toEach other, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series；
Wherein at least one silicon solar cell has chamfering, and the chamfering, which corresponds to from it, is cutting the standard of silicon solar cell justThe turning of rectangular silicon wafer or a part at turning；At least one silicon solar cell lacks chamfering；In solar battery string workDuring work, the area that the front surface of each silicon solar cell is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
24.A method of making two or more solar battery strings, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and being formed hasA rectangle silicon solar cell more than the first of chamfering, and lack more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells of chamfering, wherein instituteChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of dead square silicon wafer or a part at turning, more than described second in a rectangle silicon solar cellEach battery there is the first length, the span of first length is equal to the full duration of dead square silicon wafer；
From each of more than first a rectangle silicon solar cells battary removal chamfering, and the third that formation lacks chamfering is multipleRectangle silicon solar cell, each battery in the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third have shorter than the first lengthSecond length；
More than second a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series, width is consequently formed equal to firstThe solar battery string of length；And
The multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to each other to the property led, and the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third is electrically connected in series, width is consequently formed equal to secondThe solar battery string of length.
25.A method of making two or more solar battery strings, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and being formed hasA rectangle silicon solar cell more than the first of chamfering, and lack more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells of chamfering, wherein instituteChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of dead square silicon wafer or a part at turning；
More than first a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than first a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series；And
More than second a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series.
26.A method of making solar energy module, which comprises
Along each of a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to chip, so as toMultiple rectangle silicon solar cells with chamfering are formed by the multiple dead square silicon wafer, and lack the multiple of chamferingRectangle silicon solar cell, wherein the chamfering corresponds to the turning of dead square silicon wafer；
Arrangement lacks at least some of rectangle silicon solar cell of chamfering, forms more than first a superbatteries, each superBattery only includes the rectangle silicon solar cell for lacking chamfering of arrangement of being in line, wherein the length of the rectangular silicon solar batterySide is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；
It arranges at least some of the rectangle silicon solar cell with chamfering, forms more than second a superbatteries, it is each superBattery only includes the straight rectangle silicon solar cell with chamfering of arrangement, wherein the length of the rectangular silicon solar batterySide is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；And
Superbattery is arranged to form the preceding table of solar energy module with the parallel superbattery row for being substantially equal lengthFace, wherein each row only includes superbattery more than first in a superbattery or only includes in more than second a superbatteriesSuperbattery.
27.According to solar energy module described in clause 26, wherein adjacent to solar energy module parallel opposing edges it is superIt is two rows of only including the superbattery in more than second a superbatteries in battery row, and every other superbattery row only includesSuperbattery more than first in a superbattery.
28.According to solar energy module described in clause 27, wherein solar energy module includes six row's superbattery in total.
29.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
The multiple silicon solar cells for the arrangement that is in line in a first direction, wherein adjacent silicon solar cell end overlapping andIt is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；And
Elongated flexible electrical interconnection, long axis is parallel to the second direction orientation vertical with the first direction, described elongatedFlexible electrical interconnection have following features: at three or more discrete positions arranged along second direction, conductibilityGround is joined to the front surface or back surface of the silicon solar cell of end one；At least extending end solar-electricity in a second directionThe full duration in pond；Front surface or rear surface measurement perpendicular to end silicon solar cell, conductor thickness is less than or equal to about 100Micron；The resistance less than or equal to about 0.012 ohm is provided to the electric current flowed in a second direction；It is configured to provide softProperty, the flexibility within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 85 DEG C, reconcile between end silicon solar cell and the electrical interconnectionDifferential expansion in second direction.
30.According to superbattery described in clause 29, wherein front surface and rear table perpendicular to end silicon solar cellPlanar survey, the conductor thickness of flexible electrical interconnection is less than or equal to about 30 microns.
31.According to superbattery described in clause 29, wherein flexible electrical interconnection extends in this second directionExcept the superbattery, so as to will be electrically interconnected provide be positioned to it is parallel with the superbattery in solar energy module andAdjacent at least the second superbattery.
32.According to superbattery described in clause 29, wherein flexible electrical interconnection extends to super electricity in a first directionExcept pond, so as in solar energy module for the superbattery be in line the second superbattery disposed in parallel provide it is electric mutuallyEven.
33.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries, the multiple superbattery be arranged to span equal to module width two or more are parallelRow, to form the front surface of module, each superbattery includes the multiple silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, wherein adjacentThe end of silicon solar cell is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；
Wherein at least one end of the first superbattery adjacent with the edge of module in first row is electric via flexible electrical interconnectionIt is connected to one end of the second superbattery adjacent with the same edge of module in second row, under the flexibility electrical interconnection hasColumn feature: the front surface of the first superbattery is joined to by electroconductive binder grafting material at multiple discrete positions；It is parallel toThe edge of module extends；Its at least part is folded in around described one end of the first superbattery, thus in front of module notIt can be seen that.
34.According to solar energy module described in clause 33, the wherein surface of the flexible electrical interconnection in the front surface of moduleCapped or dyeing, with the visual contrast between mitigation and superbattery.
35.According to solar energy module described in clause 33, wherein the two or more parallel arrangements of superbatteryIt sets in white back plate, the solar energy module front surface that will be irradiated by solar radiation during being formed in the operation of solar energy module,The white back plate includes parallel dark-coloured striped, and the position of the dead color striped corresponds to parallel superbattery with width and arrangesBetween gap position and width, and the white portion of the back plate is invisible by the gap between the row.
36.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
On each battery in one or more silicon solar cells with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thus in siliconMultiple rectangular areas are defined on solar battery；
In one or more positions of the long side of neighbouring each rectangular area, by electroconductive binder grafting material be applied to one orIt is multiple to carve on the silicon solar cell drawn；
Silicon solar cell is divided along line drawing is carved, obtains the silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles, the silicon solar of each rectangleAll position adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in some electroconductive binder grafting material on battery；
The silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles is in line arrangement, makes the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell with the side of stackingFormula overlapping, is arranged between a part of electroconductive binder grafting material；And
Solidify conductive bonding material, to adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement be arrived each other, and these are electricPond is electrically connected in series.
37.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
On each battery in one or more silicon solar cells with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thus in siliconMultiple rectangular areas are defined on solar battery, each solar battery includes the bottom table of top surface and opposite facing settingFace；
Electroconductive binder grafting material is applied in the multiple portions of the top surface of one or more silicon solar cells；
Apply vacuum between the bottom surface and curved support surface of one or more silicon solar cells so that one orMultiple silicon solar cells are bent against curved support surface, and cause one or more silicon solar cells along quarter line drawingCutting then obtains the silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles, some conduction is viscous on the silicon solar cell of each rectanglePosition adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in mixture grafting material；
The silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles is in line arrangement, makes the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell with the side of stackingFormula overlapping, is arranged between a part of electroconductive binder grafting material；And
Solidify conductive bonding material, to adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement be arrived each other, and these are electricPond is electrically connected in series.
38.One or more silicon are applied to too according to method described in clause 37, including by electroconductive binder grafting materialOn positive energy battery, then marked for one or more quarter with laser on each battery in one or more silicon solar cells and drawLine.
39.According to method described in clause 37, including being used on each battery in one or more silicon solar cellsLaser mark one or more quarter line drawing, electroconductive binder grafting material is then applied to one or more silicon solar cellsOn.
40.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries, the multiple superbattery are arranged to two or more parallel rows, form solar energy moduleFront surface, each superbattery includes the multiple silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, wherein adjacent silicon solar cellEnd is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series, each superbattery includes positionFront surface terminal contacts at superbattery one end and at the opposite end of superbattery with the back surface of opposite polarityTerminal contacts；
Wherein first row superbattery includes the first superbattery, and first superbattery is arranged so that its front surface endContact is adjacent and parallel to the first edge of solar energy module, and solar energy module includes the first flexible electrical interconnection, describedFirst flexible electrical interconnection is elongated and with following features: the first edge for being parallel to solar energy module extends；It is conductiveIt is joined to the front surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery；Only occupy in the front surface of solar energy module neighbouring solar energy module theThe narrower part at one edge；It is measured perpendicular to the first edge of solar energy module, no more than about 1 centimetre of width.
41.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein a part of the first flexible electrical interconnection surrounds and the first surpassesThe end nearest from solar energy module first edge of grade battery extends, and is located at behind the first superbattery.
42.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein the first flexible interconnection includes conductively being joined to theThe strip part of the front surface terminal contacts of one superbattery, and be parallel to solar energy module first edge extend it is thickerPart.
43.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein first flexible interconnection includes conductive bond described inThe strip part of the front surface terminal contacts of first superbattery, and it is parallel to the first edge extension of solar energy moduleWinding band part.
44.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein second row superbattery includes the second superbattery, describedSecond superbattery is arranged so that its first edge of front surface terminal contacts adjacent and parallel to solar energy module, Er QieThe front surface terminal contacts of one superbattery are electrically connected to the front surface of the second superbattery via the first flexible electrical interconnectionTerminal contacts.
45.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein the back surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery it is neighbouring andIt is parallel to the solar energy module second edge opposite with solar energy module first edge, the back surface terminal contacts include secondFlexible electrical interconnection, the described second flexible electrical interconnection are elongated and have following features: being parallel to solar energy moduleSecond edge extends；Conductively it is joined to the back surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery；And it is fully located at superbatteryBehind.
46.According to solar energy module described in clause 45, in which:
Second row superbattery includes the second superbattery, and second superbattery is arranged such that its front surface end is touchedThe first edge adjacent and parallel to solar energy module is put, and its back surface terminal contacts is adjacent and parallel to solar energy moduleSecond edge；
The front surface terminal contacts of first superbattery are electrically connected to the second superbattery via the first flexible electrical interconnectionFront surface terminal contacts；And
The back surface terminal contacts of first superbattery are electrically connected to the second superbattery via the second flexible electrical interconnectionBack surface terminal contacts.
47.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, comprising:
Second superbattery, second superbattery are arranged in first row superbattery and the first superbattery stringConnection, and the neighbouring solar energy mould opposite with solar energy module first edge of back surface terminal contacts of second superbatteryBlock second edge；And
Second flexible electrical interconnection, the described second flexible electrical interconnection are elongated and have following features: being parallel to the sunThe second edge of energy module extends；Conductively it is joined to the back surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery；And it is fully located atBehind the superbattery.
48.According to solar energy module described in clause 47, in which:
Second row superbattery includes the third superbattery and the 4th superbattery of arranged in series, wherein third superbatteryFront surface terminal contacts are adjacent to the first edge of solar energy module, and the back surface terminal contacts of the 4th superbattery are neighbouring tooThe second edge of positive energy module；And
The front surface terminal contacts of first superbattery are electrically connected to third superbattery via the first flexible electrical interconnectionFront surface terminal contacts, and the back surface terminal contacts of the second superbattery are electrically connected to via the second flexible electrical interconnectionThe back surface terminal contacts of 4th superbattery.
49.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein superbattery is arranged in white back plate, after the whitePlate includes parallel dark-coloured striped, and the position of the dead color striped and width correspond to gap between parallel superbattery rowPosition and width, and the white portion of the back plate is invisible by the gap between the row.
50.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, wherein first be located in the front surface of solar energy module is flexibleAll parts of electrical interconnection are capped or dye, with the visual contrast between mitigation and superbattery.
51.According to solar energy module described in clause 40, in which:
Each silicon solar cell includes:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting on the front surface and multiple finger-shaped materials including extending perpendicular to long side withAnd rows of multiple discrete front surface engagement pads are arranged in neighbouring first long side, each front surface engagement pad is electrically connected to the finger-likeAt least one of object；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, setting is on the back surface and including neighbouring rows of multiple points of the setting of second long sideVertical back surface engagement pad；And
In each superbattery, the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, wherein the first of adjacent silicon solar cell is longSide and the overlapping of the second long side, and corresponding discrete front surface engagement pad and the contact of discrete back surface on adjacent silicon solar cellIt pads aligned with each other, overlapping and is conductively joined to each other by conductive adhesive grafting material, thus by silicon solar cellIt is electrically connected in series.
52.According to solar energy module described in clause 51, wherein the front surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cellIncluding multiple thin conducting wires that adjacent discrete front surface engagement pad is electrically interconnected, and each thin conducting wire ratio is perpendicular to solar-electricityThe discrete engagement pad width that the long side in pond measures is thinner.
53.According to solar energy module described in clause 51, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through front surface metalChange the feature of pattern and be substantially confined to the position of discrete front surface engagement pad, the feature forms neighbouring discrete front surface and connectsOne or more barriers of touch pad.
54.According to solar energy module described in clause 51, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through back surface metalChange the feature of pattern and be substantially confined to the position of discrete back surface engagement pad, the feature forms neighbouring discrete back surface and connectsOne or more barriers of touch pad.
55.A method of making solar energy module, which comprises
Assemble multiple superbatteries, each superbattery includes the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, and is heldPortion is overlapped in a manner of covering in the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell；
Apply heat and pressure to superbattery, and makes leading between the overlapped ends that adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is setMaterial solidification is electrically engaged, thus by adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement to each other, and by these battery series electricalsConnection；
It is constructed by required solar energy module, superbattery is arranged and is mutually linked as the lamination stack with encapsulant；And
Apply heat and pressure to the lamination stack, to form laminate structures.
56.According to method described in clause 55, it is included in front of applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form laminate structures,It is cured or partially cured the conductive bonding material by the way that heat and pressure are applied to superbattery, to form solidification or portionDivide cured superbattery, as the intermediate products before formation laminate structures.
57.According to method described in clause 56, wherein when during assembling superbattery by each additional rectangular silicon tooWhen positive energy battery is added to superbattery, first make leading between newly added solar battery and adjacent Chong Die solar batteryElectric adhesive bond material solidification or partially cured, then another rectangle silicon solar cell is added to superbattery.
58.According to method described in clause 56, including in same step by conductive bond material all in superbatteryMaterial is cured or partially cured.
59.According to method described in clause 56, comprising:
Before applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form laminate structures, by the way that heat and pressure are applied to superbattery come portionDivide solidification the conductive bonding material, so that the cured superbattery in part is formed, as the centre before formation laminate structuresProduct；And
While applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form laminate structures, the solidification of conductive bonding material is completed.
60.According to method described in clause 55, including applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form the same of laminate structuresWhen, conductive bonding material is solidified, is formed before laminate structures without forming the superbattery being cured or partially cured conductIntermediate products.
61.It is in a rectangular shape according to method described in clause 55, including by the cutting of one or more silicon solar cells, andThe silicon solar cell of rectangle is provided.
62.It is before being included in the one or more silicon solar cells of cutting that conduction is viscous according to method described in clause 61Mixture grafting material is applied to one or more of silicon solar cells, in order to provide electroconductive binder engagement is coated in advanceThe rectangle silicon solar cell of material.
63.One or more silicon are applied to too according to method described in clause 62, including by electroconductive binder grafting materialOn positive energy battery, one or more then is marked with laser on each battery in one or more of silicon solar cellsLine, then one or more of silicon solar cells are cut along line drawing is carved.
64.According to method described in clause 62, including each battery in one or more of silicon solar cellsOn with laser mark one or more line, electroconductive binder grafting material is then applied to one or more of silicon solarsOn battery, then by one or more of silicon solar cells along quarter line drawing cutting.
65.According to method described in clause 62, wherein electroconductive binder grafting material is applied to one or more silicon tooOn the top surface of each battery in positive energy battery, without being applied to each of one or more of silicon solar cellsIn the bottom surface of the opposite facing setting of battery, including the bottom surface and bending in one or more of silicon solar cellsSupport surface between apply vacuum so that one or more of silicon solar cells are bent against curved support surface,To which one or more of silicon solar cells be cut along line drawing is carved.
66.According to method described in clause 61, it is included in the one or more silicon solar cells of cutting to provide rectangular siliconAfter solar battery, electroconductive binder grafting material is applied on rectangle silicon solar cell.
67.According to method described in clause 55, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material has less than or equal to about 0 DEG CGlass transition temperature.
1A.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries, the multiple superbattery are arranged to two or more parallel rows, form solar energy moduleFront surface, each superbattery includes the multiple silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, wherein adjacent silicon solar cellEnd is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series, each superbattery includes positionFront surface terminal contacts at superbattery one end and at the opposite end of superbattery with the back surface of opposite polarityTerminal contacts；
Wherein first row superbattery includes the first superbattery, and first superbattery is arranged so that its front surface endContact is adjacent and parallel to the first edge of solar energy module, and solar energy module includes the first flexible electrical interconnection, describedFirst flexible electrical interconnection is elongated and with following features: the first edge for being parallel to solar energy module extends；It is conductiveIt is joined to the front surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery；Only occupy in the front surface of solar energy module neighbouring solar energy module theThe narrower part at one edge；It is measured perpendicular to the first edge of solar energy module, no more than about 1 centimetre of width.
2A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein a part of the first flexible electrical interconnection surrounds and the first surpassesThe end nearest from solar energy module first edge of grade battery extends, and is located at behind the first superbattery.
3A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein the first flexible interconnection includes conductively being joined to theThe strip part of the front surface terminal contacts of one superbattery, and be parallel to solar energy module first edge extend it is thickerPart.
4A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein first flexible interconnection includes conductive bond described inThe strip part of the front surface terminal contacts of first superbattery, and it is parallel to the first edge extension of solar energy moduleWinding band part.
5A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein second row superbattery includes the second superbattery, describedSecond superbattery is arranged so that its first edge of front surface terminal contacts adjacent and parallel to solar energy module, Er QieThe front surface terminal contacts of one superbattery are electrically connected to the front surface of the second superbattery via the first flexible electrical interconnectionTerminal contacts.
6A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein the back surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery it is neighbouring andIt is parallel to the solar energy module second edge opposite with solar energy module first edge, the back surface terminal contacts include secondFlexible electrical interconnection, the described second flexible electrical interconnection are elongated and have following features: being parallel to solar energy moduleSecond edge extends；Conductively it is joined to the back surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery；And it is fully located at superbatteryBehind.
7A.According to solar energy module described in clause 6A, in which:
Second row superbattery includes the second superbattery, and second superbattery is arranged such that its front surface end is touchedThe first edge adjacent and parallel to solar energy module is put, and its back surface terminal contacts is adjacent and parallel to solar energy moduleSecond edge；
The front surface terminal contacts of first superbattery are electrically connected to the second superbattery via the first flexible electrical interconnectionFront surface terminal contacts；And
The back surface terminal contacts of first superbattery are electrically connected to the second superbattery via the second flexible electrical interconnectionBack surface terminal contacts.
8A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, comprising:
Second superbattery, second superbattery are arranged in first row superbattery and the first superbattery stringConnection, and the neighbouring solar energy mould opposite with solar energy module first edge of back surface terminal contacts of second superbatteryBlock second edge；And
Second flexible electrical interconnection, the described second flexible electrical interconnection are elongated and have following features: being parallel to the sunThe second edge of energy module extends；Conductively it is joined to the back surface terminal contacts of the first superbattery；And it is fully located atBehind the superbattery.
9A.According to solar energy module described in clause 8A, in which:
Second row superbattery includes the third superbattery and the 4th superbattery of arranged in series, wherein third superbatteryFront surface terminal contacts are adjacent to the first edge of solar energy module, and the back surface terminal contacts of the 4th superbattery are neighbouring tooThe second edge of positive energy module；And
The front surface terminal contacts of first superbattery are electrically connected to third superbattery via the first flexible electrical interconnectionFront surface terminal contacts, and the back surface terminal contacts of the second superbattery are electrically connected to via the second flexible electrical interconnectionThe back surface terminal contacts of 4th superbattery.
10A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein the external margin far from solar energy module, superbatteryBetween there is no that the electrical interconnection of the effective coverage of the front surface of module can be reduced.
11A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein at least a pair of of superbattery is in line cloth in a rowIt sets, and this connects one rear surface contact jaw in superbattery adjacent to this to another the rear surface in superbatteryContravention.
12A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, in which:
At least a pair of of superbattery is in line arrangement in a row, and the adjacent end of the two superbatteries is with opposite poleThe terminal contacts of property；
This to superbattery adjacent end overlapping；And
This is electrically connected in series the superbattery in superbattery by flexible interconnection, and first interconnection piece is clipped in superbatteryOverlapping end between and do not block front surface.
13A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein superbattery is arranged in white back plate, the whiteBacker board includes parallel dark-coloured striped, between the position of the dead color striped and width correspond between parallel superbattery rowThe position of gap and width, and the white portion of the backer board is invisible by the gap between the row.
14A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, wherein first be located in the front surface of solar energy module is flexibleAll parts of electrical interconnection are capped or dye, with the visual contrast between mitigation and superbattery.
15A.According to solar energy module described in clause 1A, in which:
Each silicon solar cell includes:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting on the front surface and multiple finger-shaped materials including extending perpendicular to long side withAnd rows of multiple discrete front surface engagement pads are arranged in neighbouring first long side, each front surface engagement pad is electrically connected to the finger-likeAt least one of object；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, setting is on the back surface and including neighbouring rows of multiple points of the setting of second long sideVertical back surface engagement pad；And
In each superbattery, the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, wherein the first of adjacent silicon solar cell is longSide and the overlapping of the second long side, and corresponding discrete front surface engagement pad and the contact of discrete back surface on adjacent silicon solar cellIt pads aligned with each other, overlapping and is conductively joined to each other by conductive adhesive grafting material, thus by silicon solar cellIt is electrically connected in series.
16A.According to solar energy module described in clause 15A, the figure wherein front surface of each silicon solar cell metallizesCase includes multiple thin conducting wires that adjacent discrete front surface engagement pad is electrically interconnected, and each thin conducting wire ratio is perpendicular to solar energyThe discrete engagement pad width that the long side of battery measures is thinner.
17A.According to solar energy module described in clause 15A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through front surface goldThe feature of categoryization pattern and the position for being substantially confined to discrete front surface engagement pad, the feature formed around it is each it is discrete beforeThe barrier of surface engagement pad.
18A.According to solar energy module described in clause 15A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through back surface goldThe feature of categoryization pattern and the position for being substantially confined to discrete back surface engagement pad, the feature, which is formed, surrounds each discrete backThe barrier of surface engagement pad.
19A.According to solar energy module described in clause 15A, wherein discrete back surface engagement pad is that discrete silver-colored back surface connectsTouch pad, and other than the discrete silver-colored back surface engagement pad, the back surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell is simultaneouslyIt does not include at any position below not a part Chong Die with adjacent silicon solar cell in solar battery front surfaceSilver contact.
20A.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries, each superbattery include the multiple silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, and wherein adjacent silicon is tooThe end of positive energy battery is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；
Wherein each silicon solar cell includes:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting on the front surface and multiple finger-shaped materials including extending perpendicular to long side withAnd rows of multiple discrete front surface engagement pads are arranged in neighbouring first long side；
It is electrically connected to each front surface engagement pad of at least one finger-shaped material in the finger-shaped material；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, setting is on the back surface and including neighbouring rows of multiple points of the setting of second long sideVertical back surface engagement pad；
Wherein in each superbattery, the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, wherein the of adjacent silicon solar cellOne long side and the overlapping of the second long side, and corresponding discrete front surface engagement pad and discrete back surface on adjacent silicon solar cellEngagement pad is aligned with each other, is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other by conductive adhesive grafting material, thus by silicon solarBattery is electrically connected in series.And
Wherein superbattery be arranged to substantially across solar energy module length or width it is single row or two or moreA parallel, the solar energy module front surface that will be irradiated by solar radiation during being formed in the operation of solar energy module.
21A.According to solar energy module described in clause 20A, wherein discrete back surface engagement pad is that discrete silver-colored back surface connectsTouch pad, and other than the discrete silver-colored back surface engagement pad, the back surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell is simultaneouslyIt does not include at any position below not a part Chong Die with adjacent silicon solar cell in solar battery front surfaceSilver contact.
22A.According to solar energy module described in clause 20A, the figure wherein front surface of each silicon solar cell metallizesCase includes multiple thin conducting wires that adjacent discrete front surface engagement pad is electrically interconnected, and each thin conducting wire ratio is perpendicular to solar energyThe discrete engagement pad width that the long side of battery measures is thinner.
23A.According to solar energy module described in clause 20A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through front surface goldThe feature of categoryization pattern and the position for being substantially confined to discrete front surface engagement pad, the feature formed around it is each it is discrete beforeThe barrier of surface engagement pad.
24A.According to solar energy module described in clause 20A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through back surface goldThe feature of categoryization pattern and the position for being substantially confined to discrete back surface engagement pad, the feature, which is formed, surrounds each discrete backThe barrier of surface engagement pad.
25A.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
Multiple silicon solar cells, each silicon solar cell include:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting on the front surface and multiple finger-shaped materials including extending perpendicular to long side withAnd rows of multiple discrete front surface engagement pads are arranged in neighbouring first long side, each front surface engagement pad is electrically connected to the finger-likeAt least one of object；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, setting is on the back surface and including neighbouring rows of multiple points of the setting of second long sideVertical silver back surface engagement pad；
Wherein the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, wherein the first long side of adjacent silicon solar cell and the second long side weightIt is folded, and corresponding discrete front surface engagement pad and discrete back surface engagement pad are aligned with each other, again on adjacent silicon solar cellIt folds and is conductively joined to each other by conductive adhesive grafting material, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series.
26A.According to solar energy module described in clause 25A, wherein discrete back surface engagement pad is that discrete silver-colored back surface connectsTouch pad, and other than the discrete silver-colored back surface engagement pad, the back surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell is simultaneouslyIt does not include at any position below not a part Chong Die with adjacent silicon solar cell in solar battery front surfaceSilver contact.
27A.According to solar battery string described in clause 25A, wherein front surface metallization pattern includes by adjacent pointMultiple thin conducting wires that vertical front surface engagement pad is electrically interconnected, and each thin conducting wire is measured than the long side perpendicular to solar batteryDiscrete engagement pad width is thinner.
28A.According to solar battery string described in clause 25A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through front surfaceThe feature of metallization pattern and the position for being substantially confined to discrete front surface engagement pad, the feature are formed around each discreteThe barrier of front surface engagement pad.
29A.According to solar battery string described in clause 25A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material passes through back surfaceThe feature of metallization pattern and the position for being substantially confined to discrete back surface engagement pad, the feature are formed around each discreteThe barrier of back surface engagement pad.
30A.According to solar battery string described in clause 25A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material have be lower than orGlass transition temperature equal to about 0 DEG C.
31A.A method of making solar energy module, which comprises
Assemble multiple superbatteries, each superbattery includes the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, and is heldPortion is overlapped in a manner of covering in the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell；
Apply heat and pressure to superbattery, and makes leading between the overlapped ends that adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is setMaterial solidification is electrically engaged, thus by adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement to each other, and by these battery series electricalsConnection；
It is constructed by required solar energy module, superbattery is arranged and is mutually linked as the lamination stack with encapsulant；And
Apply heat and pressure to the lamination stack, to form laminate structures.
32A.According to method described in clause 31A, be included in lamination stack apply heat and pressure with formed laminate structures itBefore, it is cured or partially cured the conductive bonding material by the way that heat and pressure are applied to superbattery, to form solidificationOr partially cured superbattery, as the intermediate products before formation laminate structures.
33A.According to method described in clause 32A, wherein when during assembling superbattery by each additional rectangular siliconWhen solar battery is added to superbattery, first make between newly added solar battery and adjacent Chong Die solar batteryElectroconductive binder grafting material is cured or partially cured, then another rectangle silicon solar cell is added to superbattery.
34A.According to method described in clause 32A, including in same step by conductive bond all in superbatteryMaterial solidification is partially cured.
35A.According to method described in clause 32A, comprising:
Before applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form laminate structures, by the way that heat and pressure are applied to superbattery come portionDivide solidification the conductive bonding material, so that the cured superbattery in part is formed, as the centre before formation laminate structuresProduct；And
While applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form laminate structures, the solidification of conductive bonding material is completed.
36A.According to method described in clause 31A, including applying heat and pressure to lamination stack to form laminate structuresMeanwhile conductive bonding material is solidified, without formed the superbattery that is cured or partially cured as formed laminate structures itPreceding intermediate products.
37A.It is in a rectangular shape according to method described in clause 31A, including by the cutting of one or more silicon solar cells,And provide the silicon solar cell of rectangle.
38A.According to method described in clause 37A, being included in the one or more silicon solar cells of cutting before will be conductiveAdhesive bond material is applied to one or more of silicon solar cells, connects in order to provide electroconductive binder is coated in advanceThe rectangle silicon solar cell of condensation material.
39A.One or more silicon are applied to according to method described in clause 38A, including by electroconductive binder grafting materialOn solar battery, one or more then is marked with laser on each battery in one or more of silicon solar cellsBar line, then by one or more of silicon solar cells along carving line drawing cutting.
40A.According to method described in clause 38A, including each electricity in one or more of silicon solar cellsOne or more line is marked with laser on pond, electroconductive binder grafting material is then applied to one or more of silicon sunOn energy battery, then by one or more of silicon solar cells along quarter line drawing cutting.
41A.According to method described in clause 38A, wherein electroconductive binder grafting material is applied to one or more siliconIt is every in one or more of silicon solar cells without being applied on the top surface of each battery in solar batteryIn the bottom surface of the opposite facing setting of a battery, including in one or more of silicon solar cells bottom surface with it is curvedApply vacuum between bent support surface, so that one or more of silicon solar cells are curved against curved support surfaceSong, so that one or more of silicon solar cells be cut along line drawing is carved.
42A.According to method described in clause 37A, it is included in the one or more silicon solar cells of cutting to provide rectangleAfter silicon solar cell, electroconductive binder grafting material is applied on rectangle silicon solar cell.
43A.According to method described in clause 31A, wherein conductive adhesive grafting material has less than or equal to about 0 DEG CGlass transition temperature.
44A.A method of making solar battery, which comprises
On each battery in one or more silicon solar cells with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thus in siliconMultiple rectangular areas are defined on solar battery；It, will be conductive in one or more positions of the long side of neighbouring each rectangular areaAdhesive bond material is applied on one or more silicon solar cells carved and drawn；
Silicon solar cell is divided along line drawing is carved, obtains the silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles, the silicon solar of each rectangleAll position adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in some electroconductive binder grafting material on battery；
The silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles is in line arrangement, makes the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell with the side of stackingFormula overlapping, is arranged between a part of electroconductive binder grafting material；And
Solidify conductive bonding material, to adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement be arrived each other, and these are electricPond is electrically connected in series.
45A.A method of making solar battery, which comprises
On each battery in one or more silicon solar cells with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thus in siliconMultiple rectangular areas are defined on solar battery, each solar battery includes the bottom table of top surface and opposite facing settingFace；
Electroconductive binder grafting material is applied in the multiple portions of the top surface of one or more silicon solar cells；
Apply vacuum between the bottom surface and curved support surface of one or more silicon solar cells so that one orMultiple silicon solar cells are bent against curved support surface, and cause one or more silicon solar cells along quarter line drawingCutting then obtains the silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles, some conduction is viscous on the silicon solar cell of each rectanglePosition adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in mixture grafting material；
The silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles is in line arrangement, makes the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell with the side of stackingFormula overlapping, is arranged between a part of electroconductive binder grafting material；And
Solidify conductive bonding material, to adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement be arrived each other, and these are electricPond is electrically connected in series.
46A.A method of making solar battery, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and formed multipleRectangle silicon solar cell, wherein each silicon solar cell is substantially equal along the length of its long axis；And
Rectangle silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent solar battery is made to be overlapped and conductively be joined to thatThis, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series；
Wherein the multiple rectangle silicon solar cell includes: that there are two at least one rectangle solar battery of chamfering, institutes for toolChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of pseudo-square wafers or a part at turning；And respectively lack one or more rectangles of chamferingSilicon solar cell.And
The wherein square by making the width vertical with including the long axis of rectangle silicon solar cell of chamfering be greater than and lack chamferingThe vertical width of the long axis of shape silicon solar cell, and the spacing between the parallel lines along cutting pseudo-square wafers is carried outSelection, to compensate chamfering；Therefore, multiple rectangular silicon sun during the work of solar battery string, in solar battery stringThe front surface of each of energy battery battery, the area being exposed under sunlight are substantially equal.
47A.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
The multiple silicon solar cells for the arrangement that is in line, wherein the end of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and is conductively joined toEach other, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series；
Wherein at least one silicon solar cell has chamfering, and the chamfering, which corresponds to from it, is cutting the standard of silicon solar cell justThe turning of rectangular silicon wafer or a part at turning；At least one silicon solar cell lacks chamfering；In solar battery string workDuring work, the area that the front surface of each silicon solar cell is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
48A.A method of making two or more superbatteries, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and being formed hasA rectangle silicon solar cell more than the first of chamfering, and lack more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells of chamfering, wherein instituteChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of dead square silicon wafer or a part at turning, more than described second in a rectangle silicon solar cellEach battery there is the first length, the span of first length is equal to the full duration of dead square silicon wafer；
From each of more than first a rectangle silicon solar cells battary removal chamfering, and the third that formation lacks chamfering is multipleRectangle silicon solar cell, each battery in the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third have shorter than the first lengthSecond length；
More than second a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series, width is consequently formed equal to firstThe solar battery string of length；And
The multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to each other to the property led, and the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third is electrically connected in series, width is consequently formed equal to secondThe solar battery string of length.
49A.A method of making two or more superbatteries, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and being formed hasA rectangle silicon solar cell more than the first of chamfering, and lack more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells of chamfering, wherein instituteChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of dead square silicon wafer or a part at turning；
More than first a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than first a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series；And
More than second a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series.
50A.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
N >=25 rectangle of a string of series connections or the solar battery of substantial rectangular, the solar battery averagely haveGreater than about 10 volts of breakdown voltage, the solar battery assemble one or more superbatteries, and each superbattery wrapsTwo or more solar batteries for the arrangement that is in line are included, wherein the long side of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and use was both conductiveThermally conductive adhesive is conductively joined to each other again；
Solar battery group and side wherein in the solar battery string, without single solar battery or sum less than NThe individually electrical connection in parallel of road diode.
51A.According to solar energy module described in clause 50A, wherein N is greater than or equal to 30.
52A.According to solar energy module described in clause 50A, wherein N is greater than or equal to 50.
53A.According to solar energy module described in clause 50A, wherein N is greater than or equal to 100.
54A.According to solar energy module described in clause 50A, wherein adhesive is formed between adjacent solar battery and is connectIt closes, it is described to be bonded on perpendicular to the thickness on solar battery direction less than or equal to about 0.1mm, and perpendicular to solar-electricityThermal conductivity on the direction of pond is greater than or equal to about 1.5w/m/k.
55A.According to solar energy module described in clause 50A, wherein N number of solar battery be assembled to it is single superBattery.
56A.According to solar energy module described in clause 50A, wherein the solar battery is silicon solar cell.
57A.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Superbattery, the superbattery substantially solar energy module across the edge for being parallel to the solar energy moduleWhole length or width, the superbattery include the N number of rectangle being connected in series or the solar battery string of substantial rectangular, instituteStating solar battery has greater than about 10 volts of an average voltage breakdown, and the solar battery is in line arrangement, wherein it is adjacent tooThe long side of positive energy battery is overlapped and is conductively engaged with each other with not only conductive but also thermally conductive adhesive；
Solar battery group and bypass two wherein in the superbattery, without single solar battery or sum less than NPole pipe individually electrical connection in parallel.
58A.According to solar energy module described in clause 57A, wherein N > 24.
59A.According to solar energy module described in clause 57A, wherein superbattery has at least about in the flow directionThe length of 500mm.
60A.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
Multiple silicon solar cells, each silicon solar cell include:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting is on the front surface and including before at least one of the first long side settingSurface engagement pad；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, at least one of setting on the back surface and including neighbouring second long side setting are carried on the backSurface engagement pad；
Wherein the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the first long side of adjacent silicon solar cell and the overlapping of the second long side,And the front surface engagement pad and back surface engagement pad on adjacent silicon solar cell are overlapped and engage material by conductive adhesiveMaterial is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series.And
Wherein the front surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell includes barrier, which is configured to super in manufactureDuring battery, substantially conductive adhesive grafting material is confined at least before the solidification of conductive adhesive grafting materialOne front surface engagement pad.
61A.According to superbattery described in clause 60A, wherein adjacent for every a pair and overlapping silicon solar cellFor, barrier and another silicon solar cell in the front surface of a silicon solar cell in the silicon solar cellA part be overlapped and hidden by the part, thus during the manufacture of superbattery, engage material in conductive adhesiveConductive adhesive grafting material is substantially confined to the overlapping region of the front surface of silicon solar cell by material before solidifying.
62A.According to superbattery described in clause 60A, wherein the barrier includes continuous conductive threads, it is described continuousConductive threads be parallel to the first long side and the whole length for the first long side of substantially advancing, wherein at least one front surface connectTouch pad is between continuous conductive threads and the first long side of solar battery.
63A.According to superbattery described in clause 62A, wherein front surface metallization pattern includes finger-shaped material, the finger-likeObject is electrically connected at least one described front surface engagement pad and advances perpendicular to first long side, and continuous conductibilityFinger-shaped material is electrically interconnected line, to provide multiple conductive paths from each finger-shaped material at least one front surface engagement pad.
64A.According to superbattery described in clause 60A, wherein front surface metallization pattern includes adjacent and parallel toOne long side arranges rows of multiple discrete engagement pads, and the barrier includes forming independent barrier for each discrete engagement padMultiple features, the multiple feature is during the manufacture of superbattery, before the solidification of conductive adhesive grafting material substantiallyConductive adhesive grafting material is confined to discrete engagement pad.
65A.According to superbattery described in clause 64A, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the independent barrier is simultaneouslyAnd it is higher than the corresponding discrete engagement pad.
66A.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
Multiple silicon solar cells, each silicon solar cell include:
The front surface and back surface of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the shape on the surface is by being oppositely arranged and the first parallel long sideIt is defined with the second long side and two short sides being oppositely arranged, the operation at least partially in solar battery string of the front surfacePeriod is exposed to solar radiation；
Conductive front surface metallization pattern, setting is on the front surface and including before at least one of the first long side settingSurface engagement pad；And
Conductive back surface metalation pattern, at least one of setting on the back surface and including neighbouring second long side setting are carried on the backSurface engagement pad；
Wherein the silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the first long side of adjacent silicon solar cell and the overlapping of the second long side,And the front surface engagement pad and back surface engagement pad on adjacent silicon solar cell are overlapped and engage material by conductive adhesiveMaterial is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series.And
Wherein the back surface metallization pattern of each silicon solar cell includes barrier, which is configured to super in manufactureDuring battery, substantially conductive adhesive grafting material is confined at least before the solidification of conductive adhesive grafting materialOne back surface engagement pad.
67A.According to superbattery described in clause 66A, wherein back surface metallization pattern includes neighbouring and is parallel toSecond long side arranges the rows of discrete engagement pad of one or more, and the barrier includes forming list for each discrete engagement padMultiple features of only barrier, the multiple feature solidify during the manufacture of superbattery in conductive adhesive grafting materialConductibility grafting material is substantially confined to discrete engagement pad before.
68A.According to superbattery described in clause 67A, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the independent barrier is simultaneouslyAnd it is higher than the corresponding discrete engagement pad.
69A.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and formed multipleRectangle silicon solar cell, wherein each silicon solar cell is substantially equal along the length of its long axis；And
Rectangle silicon solar cell is in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent solar battery is made to be overlapped and conductively be joined to thatThis, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series；
Wherein the multiple rectangle silicon solar cell includes: that there are two at least one rectangle solar battery of chamfering, institutes for toolChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of pseudo-square wafers or a part at turning；And respectively lack one or more rectangles of chamferingSilicon solar cell.And
The wherein square by making the width vertical with including the long axis of rectangle silicon solar cell of chamfering be greater than and lack chamferingThe vertical width of the long axis of shape silicon solar cell, and the spacing between the parallel lines along cutting pseudo-square wafers is carried outSelection, to compensate chamfering；Therefore, multiple rectangular silicon sun during the work of solar battery string, in solar battery stringThe front surface of each of energy battery battery, the area being exposed under sunlight are substantially equal.
70A.A kind of solar battery string, comprising:
The multiple silicon solar cells for the arrangement that is in line, wherein the end of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and is conductively joined toEach other, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series；
Wherein at least one silicon solar cell has chamfering, and the chamfering, which corresponds to from it, is cutting the standard of silicon solar cell justThe turning of rectangular silicon wafer or a part at turning；At least one silicon solar cell lacks chamfering；In solar battery string workDuring work, the area that the front surface of each silicon solar cell is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
71A.A method of making two or more solar battery strings, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and being formed hasA rectangle silicon solar cell more than the first of chamfering, and lack more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells of chamfering, wherein instituteChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of dead square silicon wafer or a part at turning, more than described second in a rectangle silicon solar cellEach battery there is the first length, the span of first length is equal to the full duration of dead square silicon wafer；
From each of more than first a rectangle silicon solar cells battary removal chamfering, and the third that formation lacks chamfering is multipleRectangle silicon solar cell, each battery in the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third have shorter than the first lengthSecond length；
More than second a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series, width is consequently formed equal to firstThe solar battery string of length；And
The multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to each other to the property led, and the multiple rectangle silicon solar cells of third is electrically connected in series, width is consequently formed equal to secondThe solar battery string of length.
72A.A method of making two or more solar battery strings, which comprises
Along a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to each chip, and being formed hasA rectangle silicon solar cell more than the first of chamfering, and lack more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells of chamfering, wherein instituteChamfering is stated corresponding to the turning of dead square silicon wafer or a part at turning；
More than first a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than first a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series；And
More than second a rectangle silicon solar cells are in line arrangement, the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell is overlapped and are passedIt is joined to the property led each other, and more than second a rectangle silicon solar cells is electrically connected in series.
73A.A method of making solar energy module, which comprises
Along each of a plurality of wire cutting one or more dead square silicon wafer at the long edge for being parallel to chip, so as toMultiple rectangle silicon solar cells with chamfering are formed by the multiple dead square silicon wafer, and lack the multiple of chamferingRectangle silicon solar cell, wherein the chamfering corresponds to the turning of dead square silicon wafer；
Arrangement lacks at least some of rectangle silicon solar cell of chamfering, forms more than first a superbatteries, each superBattery only includes the rectangle silicon solar cell for lacking chamfering of arrangement of being in line, wherein the length of the rectangular silicon solar batterySide is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；
It arranges at least some of the rectangle silicon solar cell with chamfering, forms more than second a superbatteries, it is each superBattery only includes the straight rectangle silicon solar cell with chamfering of arrangement, wherein the length of the rectangular silicon solar batterySide is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；And
Superbattery is arranged to form the preceding table of solar energy module with the parallel superbattery row for being substantially equal lengthFace, wherein each row only includes superbattery more than first in a superbattery or only includes in more than second a superbatteriesSuperbattery.
74A.According to solar energy module described in clause 73A, wherein adjacent to solar energy module parallel opposing edges it is superIt is two rows of only including the superbattery in more than second a superbatteries in grade battery row, and every other superbattery row only wrapsInclude the superbattery more than first in a superbattery.
75A.According to solar energy module described in clause 74A, wherein solar energy module includes six row's superbattery in total.
76A.A kind of superbattery, comprising:
The multiple silicon solar cells for the arrangement that is in line in a first direction, wherein adjacent silicon solar cell end overlapping andIt is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；And
Elongated flexible electrical interconnection, long axis is parallel to the second direction orientation vertical with the first direction, described elongatedFlexible electrical interconnection have following features:
At three or more discrete positions arranged along second direction, it is conductively joined to the silicon solar of end oneThe front surface or back surface of battery；At least full duration of extending end solar battery in a second direction；Perpendicular to end siliconThe front surface or rear surface of solar battery measure, and conductor thickness is less than or equal to about 100 microns；To what is flowed in a second directionElectric current provides the resistance less than or equal to about 0.012 ohm；It is configured to provide flexibility, the flexibility is at about -40 DEG C to about 85Differential expansion within the temperature range of DEG C, between reconciliation end silicon solar cell and the electrical interconnection in a second direction.
77A.According to superbattery described in clause 76A, wherein perpendicular to end silicon solar cell front surface and afterSurface measurement, the conductor thickness of flexible electrical interconnection is less than or equal to about 30 microns.
78A.According to superbattery described in clause 76A, wherein flexible electrical interconnection extend in a second direction it is superExcept battery, electricity is provided mutually to be at least the neighbouring superbattery the second superbattery disposed in parallel in solar energy moduleEven.
79A.According to superbattery described in clause 76A, wherein flexible electrical interconnection extend in a first direction it is superExcept battery, so as in solar energy module for the superbattery be in line the second superbattery disposed in parallel provide it is electric mutuallyEven.
80A.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries, the multiple superbattery be arranged to span equal to module width two or more are parallelRow, to form the front surface of module, each superbattery includes the multiple silicon solar cells of arrangement of being in line, wherein adjacentThe end of silicon solar cell is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, so that silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；
Wherein at least one end of the first superbattery adjacent with the edge of module in first row is electric via flexible electrical interconnectionIt is connected to one end of the second superbattery adjacent with the same edge of module in second row, under the flexibility electrical interconnection hasColumn feature: the front surface of the first superbattery is joined to by electroconductive binder grafting material at multiple discrete positions；It is parallel toThe edge of module extends；Its at least part is folded in around described one end of the first superbattery, thus in front of module notIt can be seen that.
81A.According to solar energy module described in clause 80A, the wherein table of the flexible electrical interconnection in the front surface of moduleFace is capped or dyes, with the visual contrast between mitigation and superbattery.
82A.According to solar energy module described in clause 80A, wherein the two or more parallels of superbatteryIt is arranged on white backing plate, by table before the solar energy module irradiated by solar radiation during being formed in the operation of solar energy moduleFace, the white backing plate include parallel dark-coloured striped, and position and the width of the dead color striped correspond to parallel superThe position in gap and width between battery row, and the white portion of the backer board can not by the gap between the rowSee.
83A.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
On each battery in one or more silicon solar cells with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thus in siliconMultiple rectangular areas are defined on solar battery；
In one or more positions of the long side of neighbouring each rectangular area, by electroconductive binder grafting material be applied to one orIt is multiple to carve on the silicon solar cell drawn；
Silicon solar cell is divided along line drawing is carved, obtains the silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles, the silicon solar of each rectangleAll position adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in some electroconductive binder grafting material on battery；
The silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles is in line arrangement, makes the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell with the side of stackingFormula overlapping, is arranged between a part of electroconductive binder grafting material；And
Solidify conductive bonding material, to adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement be arrived each other, and these are electricPond is electrically connected in series.
84A.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
On each battery in one or more silicon solar cells with laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, thus in siliconMultiple rectangular areas are defined on solar battery, each solar battery includes the bottom table of top surface and opposite facing settingFace；
Electroconductive binder grafting material is applied in the multiple portions of the top surface of one or more silicon solar cells；
Apply vacuum between the bottom surface and curved support surface of one or more silicon solar cells so that one orMultiple silicon solar cells are bent against curved support surface, and cause one or more silicon solar cells along quarter line drawingCutting then obtains the silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles, some conduction is viscous on the silicon solar cell of each rectanglePosition adjacent with long side on its front surface is arranged in mixture grafting material；
The silicon solar cell of multiple rectangles is in line arrangement, makes the long side of adjacent rectangle silicon solar cell with the side of stackingFormula overlapping, is arranged between a part of electroconductive binder grafting material；And
Solidify conductive bonding material, to adjacent overlapping rectangles silicon solar cell engagement be arrived each other, and these are electricPond is electrically connected in series.
85A.One or more silicon are applied to according to method described in clause 84A, including by electroconductive binder grafting materialOn solar battery, then marked for one or more quarter with laser on each battery in one or more silicon solar cellsLine drawing.
86A.According to method described in clause 84A, including on each battery in one or more silicon solar cellsWith laser mark one or more quarter line drawing, electroconductive binder grafting material is then applied to one or more silicon solars electricityChi Shang.
1B.A kind of equipment, comprising:
At least 25 solar batteries of a string of series connections, the solar battery string is in parallel with shared bypass diode to be connectedIt connects, each solar battery has greater than about 10 volts of breakdown voltage and is assembled to include the super of the solar batteryBattery, the solar battery are arranged such that the long side overlapping of adjacent solar battery and are conductively connect by adhesiveIt closes.
2B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein N is greater than or equal to 30.
3B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein N is greater than or equal to 50.
4B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein N is greater than or equal to 100.
5B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein described adhesive has the thickness less than or equal to about 0.1mm, andAnd with the thermal conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.5W/m/K.
6B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein N number of solar battery is assembled to single superbattery.
7B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein N number of solar battery assemble it is multiple super on same backingGrade battery.
8B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein the solar battery is silicon solar cell.
9B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein superbattery has at least about length of 500mm in the flow directionDegree.
10B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein superbattery includes the spy for being configured to limit adhesive sprawlingSign.
11B.According to equipment described in clause 10B, wherein the feature includes protruding features.
12B.According to equipment described in clause 10B, wherein the feature includes metallization.
13B.According to equipment described in clause 12B, wherein the metallization includes the line for extending the first long side overall length, instituteStating equipment further includes at least one engagement pad between the line and the first long side.
14B.According to equipment described in clause 13B, in which:
The metallization further includes the finger-shaped material for being electrically connected at least one engagement pad and extending perpendicular to the first long side；And
Conductive threads interconnect finger-shaped material.
15B.According to equipment described in clause 10B, wherein the Q-character is on the front side of solar battery.
16B.According to equipment described in clause 10B, wherein the Q-character is on the back side of solar battery.
17B.According to equipment described in clause 10B, wherein the feature includes recess feature.
18B.According to equipment described in clause 10B, wherein the feature is hidden by the adjacent solar battery of superbattery.
19B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein the first solar battery of the superbattery has chamfering, instituteThe second solar battery for stating superbattery lacks chamfering, and first solar battery and second solar batteryThe area being exposed under sunlight is identical.
20B.It further include flexible electrical interconnection according to equipment described in clause 1B, the flexibility electrical interconnection has parallelIn the long axis of the second direction vertical with the first direction, the flexibility electrical interconnection is conductively joined to solar batterySurface and in two dimension reconcile solar battery thermal expansion.
21B.According to equipment described in clause 20B, wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece has less than or equal to about 100 micronsThickness, to provide resistance less than or equal to about 0.012 ohm.
22B.According to equipment described in clause 20B, wherein the surface includes back surface.
23B.According to equipment described in clause 20B, wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece contacts another superbattery.
24B.According to equipment described in clause 23B, wherein another described superbattery is in line with the superbattery.
25B.According to equipment described in clause 23B, wherein another described superbattery is adjacent to the superbattery.
26B.According to equipment described in clause 20B, wherein the first part of the interconnection piece surrounds the edge of superbatteryIt folds, so that remaining second interconnecting parts are located on the back side of superbattery.
27B.According to equipment described in clause 20B, wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece is electrically connected to bypass diode.
28B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, plurality of superbattery is arranged to two or more onto the backing plateParallel row forms solar energy module front surface, wherein the backer board is white and including dark-coloured striped, the dead colorThe position of striped and width correspond to the gap between superbattery.
29B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein superbattery includes at least a pair for being connected to power management systemBattery strings.
30B.It further include electric power controller according to equipment described in clause 1B, the electric power controller and super electricityPond is electrically connected and is configured to:
Receive the voltage output of superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether solar battery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
31B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein superbattery setting is padded first to form the first module,First module has the top conduction band on the first side towards solar energy direction, the equipment further include:
Another superbattery that the second module is formed on second liner is set, and the disparate modules have away from tooBottom belt in the second side in the direction in positive energy direction,
Wherein the second module is Chong Die with a part of the first module for including top tape and is joined to the part.
32B.According to equipment described in clause 31B, wherein the second module passes through adhesive bond to the first module.
33B.According to equipment described in clause 31B, wherein the second module is joined to the first module by matching arrangement.
34B.It further include the terminal box Chong Die with the second module according to equipment described in clause 31B.
35B.According to equipment described in clause 34B, wherein the second module is joined to the first module by matching arrangement.
36B.According to equipment described in clause 35B, wherein the pairing cloth is setting in the terminal box and the second moduleAnother terminal box between.
37B.According to equipment described in clause 31B, wherein the first liner includes glass.
38B.According to equipment described in clause 31B, wherein the first liner includes non-glass.
39B.According to equipment described in clause 1B, wherein the solar battery includes the corner portion cut from more bulkPoint.
40B.According to equipment described in clause 39B, wherein superbattery further includes another sun with chamfered partEnergy battery, wherein the long side of solar battery is in electrical contact with the long side of another solar battery with similar length.
1C1.A kind of method, comprising:
The superbattery of at least N >=25 solar battery including a string of series connections, Mei Getai are formed on identical linerIt is positive can battery there is greater than about 10 volts of breakdown voltage, and be arranged so that adjacent solar battery long side overlapping and with it is viscousMixture conductively engages；And
Each superbattery is connect at most single bypass diode.
2C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 30.
3C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 50.
4C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 100.
5C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein described adhesive has the thickness less than or equal to about 0.1mm,And there is the thermal conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.5w/m/k.
6C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein the solar battery is silicon solar cell.
7C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein the superbattery has at least about 500mm in the flow directionLength.
8C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein the first solar battery of the superbattery has chamfering, instituteThe second solar battery for stating superbattery lacks chamfering, and first solar battery and second solar batteryThe area being exposed under sunlight is identical.
9C1.It further include limiting adhesive using the feature of solar cell surface according to method described in clause 1C1Sprawling.
10C1.According to method described in clause 9C1, wherein the feature includes protruding features.
11C1.According to method described in clause 9C1, wherein the feature includes metallization.
12C1.According to method described in clause 11C1, wherein the metallization include the line for extending the first long side overall length,At least one engagement pad between the line and the first long side.
13C1.According to method described in clause 12C1, in which:
The metallization further includes the finger-shaped material for being electrically connected at least one engagement pad and extending perpendicular to the first long side；And
Conductive threads interconnect finger-shaped material.
14C1.According to method described in clause 9C1, wherein the Q-character is on the front side of solar battery.
15C1.According to method described in clause 9C1, wherein the Q-character is on the back side of solar battery.
16C1.According to method described in clause 9C1, wherein the feature includes recess feature.
17C1.According to method described in clause 9C1, wherein the feature is hidden by the adjacent solar battery of superbatteryHiding.
18C1.It further include that another superbattery is formed on identical liner according to method described in clause 1C1.
19C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, further includes:
It is conductively joined to the surface of solar battery, flexible electrical interconnection has the long axis for being parallel to second direction, describedSecond direction is perpendicular to first direction；And
So that flexible electrical interconnection reconciles the thermal expansion of solar battery in two dimension.
20C1.According to method described in clause 19C1, wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece is with micro- less than or equal to about 100The thickness of rice, to provide the resistance less than or equal to about 0.012 ohm.
21C1.According to method described in clause 19C1, wherein the surface includes back surface.
22C1.It further include contacting another superbattery with flexible electrical interconnection according to method described in clause 19C1.
23C1.According to method described in clause 22C1, wherein another described superbattery and the superbattery Cheng ZhiLine.
24C1.According to method described in clause 22C1, wherein another described superbattery is adjacent to the superbattery.
25C1.It further include making the first part of the interconnection piece around superbattery according to method described in clause 19C1Edge fold so that remaining second interconnecting parts are located on the back side of superbattery.
26C1.It further include that the flexible electrical interconnection is electrically connected to two poles of bypass according to method described in clause 19C1Pipe.
27C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, further includes:
Multiple superbatteries are arranged to two or more parallels on identical liner, to form solar energy module front surface,Wherein the backer board is white and including corresponding to the position in gap and the dark-coloured striped of width between superbattery.
28C1.It further include that at least a pair of of battery is series-connected to power management system according to method described in clause 1C1.
29C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, further includes:
Electric power controller is electrically connected with superbattery；
So that electric power controller receives the voltage output of superbattery；
Based on the voltage, so that electric power controller determines whether solar battery is in reverse-biased；And
So that electric power controller disconnects reverse-biased solar battery from superbattery modular circuit.
30C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein superbattery setting is on liner to form the first mouldBlock, first module have the top conduction band on the first side towards solar energy direction, the method also includes:
The setting of another superbattery is upper to form the second module in another liner, second module with away fromBottom belt in the second side in the direction in solar energy direction,
Wherein the second module is Chong Die with a part of the first module for including top tape and is joined to the part.
31C1.According to method described in clause 30C1, wherein the second module passes through adhesive bond to the first module.
32C1.According to method described in clause 30C1, wherein the second module is joined to the first module by matching arrangement.
33C1.It further include keeping terminal box Chong Die with the second module according to method described in clause 30C1.
34C1.According to method described in clause 33C1, wherein the second module is joined to the first module by matching arrangement.
35C1.According to method described in clause 34C1, wherein the pairing cloth is setting in the terminal box and the second moduleOn another terminal box between.
36C1.According to method described in clause 30C1, wherein the liner includes glass.
37C1.According to method described in clause 30C1, wherein the liner includes non-glass.
38C1.According to method described in clause 30C1, further includes:
Relay switch is electrically connected in series between the first module and the second module；
The output voltage of the first module is sensed by controller；And
When the output voltage is lower than the limit, switched with controller starting relay.
39C1.According to method described in clause 1C1, wherein the solar battery includes the chamfering cut from more bulkPart.
40C1.According to method described in clause 39C1, wherein forming superbattery includes putting the long side of solar batteryIt is set to and is in electrical contact with the long side of the similar length of another solar battery with chamfered part.
1C2.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Solar energy module, the solar energy module include front surface, and the front surface includes assemble the first superbatteryAt least 19 solar batteries, first superbattery of a string of series connections are arranged so that the length of adjacent solar batterySide is overlapped and is conductively engaged with adhesive；And
Ribbon conductor, the ribbon conductor are electrically connected to the rear surface contact of the first superbattery, the tap hidden are mentionedIt is supplied to electrical components.
2C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the electrical components include bypass diode.
3C2.According to equipment described in clause 2C2, wherein the bypass diode is located in the rear surface of solar energy module.
4C2.According to equipment described in clause 3C2, wherein the bypass diode is located at the outside of terminal box.
5C2.According to equipment described in clause 4C2, wherein the terminal box includes single terminal.
6C2.According to equipment described in clause 3C2, wherein the edge that the bypass diode is located in solar energy module is attachedClosely.
7C2.According to equipment described in clause 2C2, wherein bypass diode is located in laminate structures.
8C2.According to equipment described in clause 7C2, wherein the first superbattery is encapsulated in laminate structures.
9C2.According to equipment described in clause 2C2, wherein the bypass diode is located in the periphery week of solar energy moduleIt encloses.
10C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the electrical components include module terminals, terminal box, power managementSystem, intelligent switch, relay, voltage sensing controller, central inverter, the micro- inverter of DC/AC or DC/DC module functionRate optimizer.
11C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C1, wherein the electrical components are located in the rear surface of solar energy module.
12C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C1, wherein the solar energy module further includes assembling the second superbatterySecond string be connected in series at least 19 solar batteries, second superbattery have be electrically connected in series it is super to firstThe first end of battery.
13C2.According to equipment described in clause 12C2, wherein the second superbattery is Chong Die with the first superbattery, and with passingThe series connection of the property led adhesive is electrically connected to the first superbattery.
14C2.According to equipment described in clause 12C2, wherein the rear surface contact is located remotely from first end.
15C2.It further include the flexible interconnection between first end and the first superbattery according to equipment described in clause 12C2Part.
16C2.According to equipment described in clause 15C2, wherein the flexible interconnection extend beyond the first superbattery andThe side edge of second superbattery is electrically connected the first superbattery and the second superbattery are in parallel with another superbatteryIt connects.
17C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein described adhesive has the thickness less than or equal to about 0.1mm,And there is the thermal conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.5w/m/k.
18C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the solar battery is with the greater than about breakdown potential of 10VThe silicon solar cell of pressure.
19C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the first superbattery has at least about in the flow directionThe length of 500mm.
20C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the solar battery in the first superbattery includes being configured toLimit the feature of adhesive sprawling.
21C2.According to equipment described in clause 20C2, wherein the feature includes protruding features.
22C2.According to equipment described in clause 21C2, wherein the feature includes metallization.
23C2.According to equipment described in clause 22C2, wherein the metallization includes extending the biography of the first long side overall lengthThe property led line, the equipment further include at least one engagement pad between the line and the first long side.
24C2.According to equipment described in clause 23C2, in which:
The metallization further includes the finger-shaped material for being electrically connected at least one engagement pad and extending perpendicular to the first long side；And
Conductive threads interconnect finger-shaped material.
25C2.According to equipment described in clause 20C2, wherein the Q-character is on the front side of solar battery.
26C2.According to equipment described in clause 20C2, wherein the Q-character is on the back side of solar battery.
27C2.According to equipment described in clause 20C2, wherein the feature includes recess feature.
28C2.According to equipment described in clause 20C2, wherein the feature is by the adjacent solar-electricity of the first superbatteryPond hides.
29C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the solar battery of the first superbattery includes chamfered part.
30C2.According to equipment described in clause 29C2, wherein the first superbattery further includes have chamfered part anotherA solar battery, and wherein the long side of solar battery is electric with the long side of another solar battery with similar lengthContact.
31C2.According to equipment described in clause 29C2, wherein the first superbattery further include lack chamfering another tooIt is positive can battery, and the area that the solar battery and another described solar battery are exposed under sunlight is identical.
32C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, in which:
First superbattery and the second superbattery are arranged to parallel in backer board front surface；And
The backer board be white and including correspond between the first superbattery and the second superbattery the position in gap andThe dark-coloured striped of width.
33C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the first superbattery includes being connected to power management system extremelyFew a pair of battery strings.
34C2.It further include electric power controller according to equipment described in clause 1C2, the electric power controller and firstSuperbattery is electrically connected and is configured to:
Receive the voltage output of the first superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of the first superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
35C2.According to equipment described in clause 34C2, wherein the electric power controller includes relay.
36C2.According to equipment described in clause 1C2, wherein the setting of the first superbattery is on the first liner to form mouldBlock, the module have the top conduction band on the first side towards solar energy direction, the equipment further include:
Another superbattery that disparate modules are formed on second liner is set, and the disparate modules have away from tooBottom belt in the second side in the direction in positive energy direction,
Wherein the disparate modules are Chong Die with a part of module for including top tape and are joined to the part.
37C2.According to equipment described in clause 36C2, wherein the disparate modules pass through adhesive bond to the module.
38C2.According to equipment described in clause 36C2, wherein the disparate modules are joined to the mould by matching arrangementBlock.
39C2.It further include the terminal box Chong Die with the disparate modules according to equipment described in clause 36C2.
40C2.According to equipment described in clause 39C2, wherein the disparate modules pass through the terminal box and the different sunPairing arrangement between another terminal box in energy module is joined to the module.
1C3.A kind of equipment, comprising:
First superbattery, first superbattery are arranged in solar energy module front surface and including multiple solar-electricitiesPond, each solar battery have the breakdown voltage of greater than about 10V；
First ribbon conductor, first ribbon conductor is electrically connected with the rear surface contact of the first superbattery, hidden by firstThe tap of hiding is provided to electrical components；
Second superbattery, second superbattery are arranged in solar energy module front surface and including multiple solar-electricitiesPond, each solar battery have the breakdown voltage of greater than about 10V；And
Second ribbon conductor, second ribbon conductor are electrically connected with the rear surface contact of the second superbattery, to provide secondHiding tap.
2C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the electrical components include bypass diode.
3C3.According to equipment described in clause 2C3, wherein the bypass diode is located in solar energy module rear surface.
4C3.According to equipment described in clause 3C3, wherein the bypass diode is located at the outside of terminal box.
5C3.According to equipment described in clause 4C3, wherein the terminal box includes single terminal.
6C3.According to equipment described in clause 3C3, wherein the bypass diode is located in solar energy module adjacent edges.
7C3.According to equipment described in clause 2C3, wherein the bypass diode is located in laminate structures.
8C3.According to equipment described in clause 7C3, wherein the first superbattery is encapsulated in laminate structures.
9C3.According to equipment described in clause 8C3, wherein the bypass diode is located in around solar energy module periphery.
10C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the first superbattery and the second superbattery are connected in series.
11C3.According to equipment described in clause 10C3, in which:
First superbattery and the second superbattery form first pair；And
The equipment further includes two additional superbatteries of the second centering being connected in parallel with first Dui.
12C3.According to equipment described in clause 10C3, wherein the second hiding tap is connected to electrical components.
13C3.According to equipment described in clause 12C3, wherein the electrical components include bypass diode.
14C3.According to equipment described in clause 13C3, wherein the first superbattery includes no less than 19 solar batteries.
15C3.According to equipment described in clause 12C3, wherein the electrical components include power management system.
16C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the electrical components include switch.
17C3.According to equipment described in clause 16C3, further include and the voltage sensing controller for switching and being connected to.
18C3.According to equipment described in clause 16C3, wherein the switch is connected to central inverter.
19C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the electrical components include electric power controller, the power supply pipeReason device is configured to:
Receive the voltage output of the first superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of the first superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
20C3.According to equipment described in clause 1, wherein the electrical components include inverter.
21C3.According to equipment described in clause 20C3, wherein the inverter includes the micro- inverter of DC/AC.
22C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the electrical components include solar energy module terminal.
23C3.According to equipment described in clause 22C3, wherein the solar energy module terminal is single sun in terminal boxIt can module terminals.
24C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the electrical components are located in solar energy module rear surface.
25C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the rear surface contact is located remotely from and the second superbatteryThe end of first superbattery of overlapping.
26C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the first superbattery has at least about in the flow directionThe length of 500mm.
27C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the solar battery in the first superbattery includes being configured toLimit the feature of adhesive sprawling.
28C3.According to equipment described in clause 27C3, wherein the feature includes protruding features.
29C3.According to equipment described in clause 28C3, wherein the feature includes metallization.
30C3.According to equipment described in clause 27C3, wherein the feature includes recess feature.
31C3.According to equipment described in clause 27C3, wherein the Q-character is on the back side of solar battery.
32C3.According to equipment described in clause 27C3, wherein the feature is by the adjacent solar-electricity of the first superbatteryPond hides.
33C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the solar battery of the first superbattery includes chamfered part.
34C3.According to equipment described in clause 33C3, wherein the first superbattery further includes have chamfered part anotherA solar battery, and wherein the long side of solar battery is electric with the long side of another solar battery with similar lengthContact.
35C3.According to equipment described in clause 33C3, wherein the first superbattery further include lack chamfering another tooIt is positive can battery, and the area that the solar battery and another described solar battery are exposed under sunlight is identical.
36C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, in which:
First superbattery and the second superbattery are arranged to parallel in backer board front surface；And
The backer board be white and including correspond between the first superbattery and the second superbattery the position in gap andThe dark-coloured striped of width.
37C3.According to equipment described in clause 1C3, wherein the setting of the first superbattery is on the first liner to form mouldBlock, the module have the top conduction band in the module front surface towards solar energy direction, the equipment further include:
The third superbattery that disparate modules are formed on second liner is set, and the disparate modules have away from the sunBottom belt in the second side in the direction in energy direction,
Wherein the disparate modules are Chong Die with a part of module for including top tape and are joined to the part.
38C3.According to equipment described in clause 37C3, wherein the disparate modules pass through adhesive bond to the module.
39C3.It further include the terminal box Chong Die with the disparate modules according to equipment described in clause 37C3.
40C3.According to equipment described in clause 39C3, wherein the disparate modules pass through the terminal box and the differencePairing arrangement between another terminal box in module is joined to the module.
1C4.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Solar energy module, the solar energy module include front surface, and the front surface includes assemble the first superbatteryThe solar battery of a string of series connections, first superbattery are arranged so that the side of adjacent solar battery is overlapped and are used in combinationAdhesive conductively engages；And
It is configured to limit the solar cell surface feature of adhesive.
2C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C4, wherein the solar cell surface feature includes recess feature.
3C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C4, wherein the solar cell surface feature includes protruding features.
4C4.According to equipment described in clause 3C4, wherein the protruding features are located in the front surface of solar battery.
5C4.According to equipment described in clause 4C4, wherein the protruding features include metallization pattern.
6C4.According to equipment described in clause 5C4, wherein the metallization pattern includes being parallel to and substantially along solar energyThe conductive threads that the long side of battery extends.
7C4.It further include the engagement pad between conductive threads and long side according to equipment described in clause 6C4.
8C4.According to equipment described in clause 7C4, in which:
The metallization pattern further includes multiple finger-shaped materials；And
Finger-shaped material is electrically interconnected the conductive threads, to provide multiple conducting paths from each finger-shaped material to engagement pad.
9C4.According to equipment described in clause 7C4, further includes neighbouring and be parallel to long side and arrange in a row multiple pointsVertical engagement pad, the metallization pattern form multiple independent barriers, adhesive are limited to discrete engagement pad.
10C4.According to equipment described in clause 8C4, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the multiple independent barrier.
11C4.According to equipment described in clause 8C4, wherein the multiple independent barrier is higher than corresponding discrete engagement pad.
12C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C4, wherein the solar cell surface feature is by another solar-electricityThe overlapping side in pond hides.
13C4.According to equipment described in clause 12C4, another one solar battery is the part of the superbattery.
14C4.According to equipment described in clause 12C4, another one solar battery is the portion of another superbatteryPoint.
15C4.According to equipment described in clause 3C4, wherein the protruding features are located on the back surface of solar battery.
16C4.According to equipment described in clause 15C4, wherein the protruding features include metallization pattern.
17C4.It will be glued according to equipment described in clause 16C4 wherein the metallization pattern forms multiple independent barriersMixture is limited to multiple discrete engagement pads, and the discrete engagement pad is located at another solar battery Chong Die with solar batteryIn front surface.
18C4.According to equipment described in clause 17C4, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the multiple independent barrier.
19C4.According to equipment described in clause 17C4, wherein the multiple independent barrier is higher than corresponding discrete engagement pad.
20C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C1, wherein each solar battery of superbattery has 10V or biggerBreakdown voltage.
21C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C1, wherein superbattery has at least about 500mm's in the flow directionLength.
22C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C1, wherein the solar battery of superbattery includes chamfered part.
23C4.According to equipment described in clause 22C4, wherein superbattery further include have chamfered part another tooPositive energy battery, and wherein the long side of solar battery connects with the long side electricity of another solar battery with similar lengthTouching.
24C4.According to equipment described in clause 22C4, wherein superbattery further includes another solar energy for lacking chamferingBattery, and the area that the solar battery and another described solar battery are exposed under sunlight is identical.
25C4.According to equipment described in clause 1C4, wherein the superbattery and the second superbattery are arranged in the first backIn liner plate front surface, to form the first module.
26C4.According to equipment described in clause 25C4, wherein the backer board is white and described including corresponding toThe dark-coloured striped of the position in gap and width between superbattery and the second superbattery.
27C4.According to equipment described in clause 25C4, wherein first module has first towards solar energy directionTop conduction band in module front surface, the equipment further include:
The third superbattery that the second module is formed on second liner is set, and second module has away from the sunBottom belt in second module side of energy, and
Wherein the second module is Chong Die with a part of the first module for including top tape and is joined to the part.
28C4.According to equipment described in clause 27C4, wherein the second module passes through adhesive bond to the first module.
29C4.It further include the terminal box Chong Die with the second module according to equipment described in clause 27C4.
30C4.According to equipment described in clause 29C4, wherein second module is by being arranged in the terminal box and instituteThe pairing arrangement stated between another terminal box in the second module is joined to the first module.
31C4.According to equipment described in clause 29C4, wherein the terminal box accommodates individual module terminal.
32C4.It further include the switch between the first module and the second module according to equipment described in clause 27C4.
33C4.According to equipment described in clause 32C4, further include and the voltage sensing controller for switching and being connected to.
34C4.According to equipment described in clause 27C4, wherein superbattery includes individually in parallel with single bypass diodeNo less than 19 solar batteries of electrical connection.
35C4.According to equipment described in clause 34C4, wherein the single bypass diode is located in the first module edgeNear.
36C4.According to equipment described in clause 34C4, wherein the single bypass diode is located in laminate structures.
37C4.According to equipment described in clause 36C4, wherein superbattery is encapsulated in laminate structures.
38C4.According to equipment described in clause 34C4, wherein the single bypass diode is located in the first module peripheryAround.
39C4.According to equipment described in clause 25C4, wherein the superbattery and second superbattery include singleSolely it is connected to a pair of electric power controller.
40C4.It further include electric power controller according to equipment described in clause 25C4, the electric power controller is configuredAt:
Receive the voltage output of superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
1C5.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Solar energy module, the solar energy module include front surface, and the front surface includes assemble the first superbatteryThe silicon solar cell of a string of series connections, first superbattery include the first silicon solar cell, and first silicon is tooIt is positive can battery there is chamfering and be arranged so that side is Chong Die with the second silicon solar cell, and with adhesive and the second silicon sunEnergy battery conductively engages.
2C5.According to equipment described in clause 1C5, wherein the second silicon solar cell lacks chamfering, the first superbatteryThe front surface area that each silicon solar cell is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
3C5.According to equipment described in clause 2C5, in which:
First silicon solar cell and the second silicon solar cell have equal length；And
The width of first silicon solar cell is greater than the width of the second silicon solar cell.
4C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the length reappears the shape of pseudo-square wafers.
5C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the length is 156mm.
6C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the length is 125mm.
7C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the length-width ratio between the width and length of the first solar batteryBetween about 1:2 between about 1:20.
8C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the first silicon solar cell is Chong Die with the second silicon solar cellAbout 1mm to about 5mm.
9C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the first superbattery includes at least 19 silicon solar cells,Each silicon solar cell has greater than about 10 volts of breakdown voltage.
10C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, wherein the first superbattery has at least about in the flow directionThe length of 500mm.
11C5.According to equipment described in clause 3C5, in which:
First superbattery is connected in parallel on the front surface with the second superbattery；And
The front surface includes white liner, and the white liner is characterized in that super corresponding to the first superbattery and secondThe dark-coloured striped of the position in gap and width between battery.
12C5.According to equipment described in clause 1C5, wherein the second silicon solar cell includes chamfering.
13C5.According to equipment described in clause 12C5, wherein the long side of the first silicon solar cell and the second silicon solarThe long side of battery is overlapped.
14C5.According to equipment described in clause 12C5, wherein the long side of the first silicon solar cell and the second silicon solarThe short side of battery is overlapped.
15C5.According to equipment described in clause 1C5, wherein the front surface includes:
First row, the first row include the first superbattery being made of the solar battery with chamfering；And
Second row, the second row include the silicon solar cell for assembling the second string of the second superbattery and being connected in series, instituteState that the second superbattery is connected in parallel with the first superbattery and the solar battery by lacking chamfering forms, the length of second rowIt is substantially equal with the length of first row.
16C5.According to equipment described in clause 15C5, wherein first row proximity modules edge, and second row is not adjacent to mouldBlock edge.
17C5.According to equipment described in clause 15C5, wherein the first superbattery includes the breakdown with greater than about 10 voltsAt least 19 solar batteries of voltage, and the first superbattery has at least about length of 500mm in the flow direction.
18C5.According to equipment described in clause 15C5, wherein the front surface includes white liner, the white linerIt is characterized in that corresponding to the dark-coloured striped of the position in gap and width between the first superbattery and the second superbattery.
19C5.It further include the metallization pattern on the second solar battery front side according to equipment described in clause 1C5.
20C5.According to equipment described in clause 19C5, wherein the metallization pattern includes the taper extended around chamferingPart.
21C5.According to equipment described in clause 19C5, wherein the metallization pattern includes protruding features, to limit bondingThe sprawling of agent.
22C5.According to equipment described in clause 19C5, wherein the metallization pattern includes:
Multiple discrete engagement pads；
It is electrically connected to the finger-shaped material of multiple discrete engagement pads；And
The conductive threads that finger-shaped material is interconnected.
23C5.It will be glued according to equipment described in clause 22C5 wherein the metallization pattern forms multiple independent barriersMixture is limited to discrete engagement pad.
24C5.According to equipment described in clause 23C5, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the multiple independent barrierAnd it is higher than the corresponding discrete engagement pad.
25C5.It further include flexible electrical interconnection according to equipment described in clause 1C5, the flexibility electrical interconnection conductibilityGround is joined to the surface of the first solar battery and reconciles the thermal expansion of the first solar battery in two dimension.
26C5.According to equipment described in clause 25C5, wherein the first part of the interconnection piece surrounds the first superbatteryEdge fold so that remaining second interconnecting parts are located on the back side of the first superbattery.
27C5.According to equipment described in clause 1C5, wherein the module has in the front surface towards solar energy directionTop conduction band, the equipment further include:
Another module, another described module have setting the second superbattery on the front surface, away from it is described tooBottom belt in another module of positive energy, and
Wherein the second module is Chong Die with a part of the first module for including top tape and is joined to the part.
28C5.According to equipment described in clause 27C5, wherein another described module passes through adhesive bond to the mouldBlock.
29C5.It further include the terminal box Chong Die with another module according to equipment described in clause 27C5.
30C5.According to equipment described in clause 29C5, wherein another described module passes through the terminal box and anotherPairing arrangement between another terminal box in module is joined to the module.
31C5.According to equipment described in clause 29C5, wherein the terminal box accommodates individual module terminal.
32C5.It further include the switch between the module and another described module according to equipment described in clause 27C5.
33C5.According to equipment described in clause 32C5, further include and the voltage sensing controller for switching and being connected to.
34C5.According to equipment described in clause 27C5, wherein the first superbattery includes being electrically connected with single bypass diodeNo less than 19 solar batteries connect.
35C5.According to equipment described in clause 34C5, wherein the single bypass diode is located in the first module edgeNear.
36C5.According to equipment described in clause 34C5, wherein the single bypass diode is located in laminate structures.
37C5.According to equipment described in clause 36C5, wherein superbattery is encapsulated in laminate structures.
38C5.According to equipment described in clause 34C5, wherein the single bypass diode is located in the first module peripheryAround.
39C5.According to equipment described in clause 27C5, wherein the first superbattery and the second superbattery include being connected toA pair of electric power controller.
40C5.It further include electric power controller according to equipment described in clause 27C5, the electric power controller is configuredAt:
Receive the voltage output of the first superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of the first superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
1C6.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Solar energy module, the solar energy module include front surface, and the front surface includes assemble the first superbatteryThe silicon solar cell of a string of series connections, first superbattery include the first silicon solar cell, and first silicon is tooIt is positive can battery there is chamfering and be arranged so that side is Chong Die with the second silicon solar cell, and with adhesive and the second silicon sunEnergy battery conductively engages.
2C6.According to equipment described in clause 1C6, wherein the second silicon solar cell lacks chamfering, the first superbatteryThe front surface area that each silicon solar cell is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
3C6.According to equipment described in clause 2C6, in which:
First silicon solar cell and the second silicon solar cell have equal length；And
The width of first silicon solar cell is greater than the width of the second silicon solar cell.
4C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the length reappears the shape of pseudo-square wafers.
5C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the length is 156mm.
6C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the length is 125mm.
7C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the length-width ratio between the width and length of the first solar batteryBetween about 1:2 between about 1:20.
8C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the first silicon solar cell is Chong Die with the second silicon solar cellAbout 1mm to about 5mm.
9C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the first superbattery includes at least 19 silicon solar cells,Each silicon solar cell has greater than about 10 volts of breakdown voltage.
10C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, wherein the first superbattery has at least about in the flow directionThe length of 500mm.
11C6.According to equipment described in clause 3C6, in which:
First superbattery is connected in parallel on the front surface with the second superbattery；And
The front surface includes white liner, and the white liner is characterized in that super corresponding to the first superbattery and secondThe dark-coloured striped of the position in gap and width between battery.
12C6.According to equipment described in clause 1C6, wherein the second silicon solar cell includes chamfering.
13C6.According to equipment described in clause 12C6, wherein the long side of the first silicon solar cell and the second silicon solarThe long side of battery is overlapped.
14C6.According to equipment described in clause 12C6, wherein the long side of the first silicon solar cell and the second silicon solarThe short side of battery is overlapped.
15C6.According to equipment described in clause 1C6, wherein the front surface includes:
First row, the first row include the first superbattery being made of the solar battery with chamfering；And
Second row, the second row include the silicon solar cell for assembling the second string of the second superbattery and being connected in series, instituteState that the second superbattery is connected in parallel with the first superbattery and the solar battery by lacking chamfering forms, the length of second rowIt is substantially equal with the length of first row.
16C6.According to equipment described in clause 15C6, wherein first row proximity modules edge, and second row is not adjacent to mouldBlock edge.
17C6.According to equipment described in clause 15C6, wherein the first superbattery includes the breakdown with greater than about 10 voltsAt least 19 solar batteries of voltage, and the first superbattery has at least about length of 500mm in the flow direction.
18C6.According to equipment described in clause 15C6, wherein the front surface includes white liner, the white linerIt is characterized in that corresponding to the dark-coloured striped of the position in gap and width between the first superbattery and the second superbattery.
19C6.It further include the metallization pattern on the second solar battery front side according to equipment described in clause 1C6.
20C6.According to equipment described in clause 19C6, wherein the metallization pattern includes the taper extended around chamferingPart.
21C6.According to equipment described in clause 19C6, wherein the metallization pattern includes protruding features, to limit bondingThe sprawling of agent.
22C6.According to equipment described in clause 19C6, wherein the metallization pattern includes:
Multiple discrete engagement pads；
It is electrically connected to the finger-shaped material of multiple discrete engagement pads；And
The conductive threads that finger-shaped material is interconnected.
23C6.It will be glued according to equipment described in clause 22C6 wherein the metallization pattern forms multiple independent barriersMixture is limited to discrete engagement pad.
24C6.According to equipment described in clause 23C6, wherein the adjacent corresponding discrete engagement pad of the multiple independent barrierAnd it is higher than the corresponding discrete engagement pad.
25C6.It further include flexible electrical interconnection according to equipment described in clause 1C6, the flexibility electrical interconnection conductibilityGround is joined to the surface of the first solar battery and reconciles the thermal expansion of the first solar battery in two dimension.
26C6.According to equipment described in clause 25C6, wherein the first part of the interconnection piece surrounds the first superbatteryEdge fold so that remaining second interconnecting parts are located on the back side of the first superbattery.
27C6.According to equipment described in clause 1C6, wherein the module has in the front surface towards solar energy directionTop conduction band, the equipment further include:
Another module, another described module have setting the second superbattery on the front surface, away from it is described tooBottom belt in another module of positive energy, and
Wherein the second module is Chong Die with a part of the first module for including top tape and is joined to the part.
28C6.According to equipment described in clause 27C6, wherein another described module passes through adhesive bond to the mouldBlock.
29C6.It further include the terminal box Chong Die with another module according to equipment described in clause 27C6.
30C6.According to equipment described in clause 29C6, wherein another described module passes through the terminal box and anotherPairing arrangement between another terminal box in module is joined to the module.
31C6.According to equipment described in clause 29C6, wherein the terminal box accommodates individual module terminal.
32C6.It further include the switch between the module and another described module according to equipment described in clause 27C6.
33C6.According to equipment described in clause 32C6, further include and the voltage sensing controller for switching and being connected to.
34C6.According to equipment described in clause 27C6, wherein the first superbattery includes being electrically connected with single bypass diodeNo less than 19 solar batteries connect.
35C6.According to equipment described in clause 34C6, wherein the single bypass diode is located in the first module edgeNear.
36C6.According to equipment described in clause 34C6, wherein the single bypass diode is located in laminate structures.
37C6.According to equipment described in clause 36C6, wherein superbattery is encapsulated in laminate structures.
38C6.According to equipment described in clause 34C6, wherein the single bypass diode is located in the first module peripheryAround.
39C6.According to equipment described in clause 27C6, wherein the first superbattery and the second superbattery include being connected toA pair of electric power controller.
40C6.It further include electric power controller according to equipment described in clause 27C6, the electric power controller is configuredAt:
Receive the voltage output of the first superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of the first superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
1C7.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Solar energy module, the solar energy module include front surface, and the front surface includes at least ten that the first string is connected in seriesNine silicon solar cells, each silicon solar cell have the breakdown voltage of greater than about 10V, and assemble the first super electricityPond, first superbattery include the first silicon solar cell, first silicon solar cell be arranged so that end withThe overlapping of second silicon solar cell, and conductively engaged with adhesive with the second silicon solar cell；And
Conductively it is joined to the interconnection piece of solar cell surface.
2C7.According to equipment described in clause 1C7, wherein the solar cell surface includes the first silicon solar cellThe back side.
3C7.It further include that the superbattery is electrically connected to the band-like of electrical components to lead according to equipment described in clause 2C7Line.
4C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the ribbon conductor is conductively joined to far from overlapped endsSolar cell surface.
5C7.According to equipment described in clause 4C7, wherein the electrical components are located in solar energy module rear surface.
6C7.According to equipment described in clause 4C7, wherein the electrical components include terminal box.
7C7.According to equipment described in clause 6C7, wherein the terminal box with and the Chong Die disparate modules of the module onAnother terminal box match engagement.
8C7.According to equipment described in clause 4C7, wherein the electrical components include bypass diode.
9C7.According to equipment described in clause 4C7, wherein the electrical components include module terminals.
10C7.According to equipment described in clause 4C7, wherein the electrical components include inverter.
11C7.According to equipment described in clause 10C7, wherein the inverter includes the micro- inverter of DC/AC.
12C7.According to equipment described in clause 11C7, wherein the micro- inverter of the DC/AC is located at solar energy module rear surfaceOn.
13C7.According to equipment described in clause 4C7, wherein the electrical components include electric power controller.
14C7.According to equipment described in clause 13C7, wherein the electric power controller includes switch.
15C7.According to equipment described in clause 14C7, further include and the voltage sensing controller for switching and being connected to.
16C7.According to equipment described in clause 13C7, wherein the electric power controller is configured to:
Receive the voltage output of superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
Reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit are disconnected.
17C7.According to equipment described in clause 16C7, wherein the electric power controller is electrically connected with central inverter.
18C7.According to equipment described in clause 13C7, wherein the electric power controller includes the optimization of DC/DC modular powerDevice.
19C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the interconnection piece is clipped in the superbattery and the front surfaceOn another superbattery between.
20C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the ribbon conductor is conductively joined to the interconnection piece.
21C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the interconnection piece is by the electricity less than or equal to about 0.012 ohmResistance is supplied to electric current.
22C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the interconnection piece is configured to for about -40 DEG C to about 85 DEG CBetween the differential expansion that reconciles between the first silicon solar cell and the interconnection piece of temperature range.
23C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the thickness of the interconnection piece is less than or equal to about 100 microns.
24C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the thickness of the interconnection piece is less than or equal to about 30 microns.
25C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein superbattery has at least about 500mm's in the flow directionLength.
26C7.It further include another superbattery in the module front surface according to method described in clause 3C7.
27C7.According to equipment described in clause 26C7, wherein the interconnection piece will another described superbattery with it is describedSuperbattery is connected in series.
28C7.According to equipment described in clause 26C7, wherein the interconnection piece will another described superbattery with it is describedSuperbattery is connected in parallel.
29C7.According to equipment described in clause 26C7, wherein the front surface includes white liner, the white linerIt is characterized in that corresponding to the dark-coloured striped of the position in gap and width between the superbattery and another described superbattery.
30C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the interconnection piece includes pattern.
31C7.According to equipment described in clause 30C7, wherein the pattern includes slit, groove and/or hole.
32C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein a part of the interconnection piece is dark-coloured.
33C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, in which:
First silicon solar cell includes chamfering；
Second silicon solar cell lacks chamfering；And
The front surface area that each silicon solar cell of the superbattery is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
34C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, in which:
First silicon solar cell includes chamfering；
Second silicon solar cell includes chamfering；And
The side includes the long side Chong Die with the long side of the second silicon solar cell.
35C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the interconnection piece forms bus.
36C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the interconnection piece is conductively joined to too at cemented jointPositive energy battery surface.
37C7.According to equipment described in clause 3C7, wherein the first part of the interconnection piece surrounds the edge of superbatteryIt folds, so that remaining second part is located on the back side of superbattery.
38C7.It further include the metallization pattern in the front surface according to equipment described in clause 3C7, and including edgeLong side extend line, the equipment further includes multiple discrete engagement pads between the line and the long side.
39C7.According to equipment described in clause 38C7, in which:
The metallization further includes the finger-shaped material for being electrically connected to corresponding discrete engagement pad and extending perpendicular to the long side；And
Conductive threads interconnect finger-shaped material.
40C7.According to equipment described in clause 38C7, wherein the metallization pattern includes protruding features, to limit bondingThe sprawling of agent.
1C8.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Arrange that rows of multiple superbatteries, each superbattery include that there is at least 10V to hit in solar energy module front surfaceStraight at least 19 silicon solar cells of arrangement for wearing voltage, wherein the end sections of adjacent silicon solar cell are overlappedAnd conductively engage, the silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；
Wherein in first row the end of the first superbattery of module edge via the preceding table for being joined to the first superbatteryThe flexible electrical interconnection in face and the end for being electrically connected to the second superbattery of module edge in neighbouring second row.
2C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein a part of the flexible electrical interconnection piece is covered by dark-coloured film.
3C8.According to equipment described in clause 2C8, wherein the solar energy module front surface includes backer board, the backingPlate reduces the visual contrast with the flexible electrical interconnection.
4C98.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein a part of the flexible electrical interconnection piece is colored.
5C8.According to equipment described in clause 4C8, wherein the solar energy module front surface includes backer board, the backingPlate reduces the visual contrast with the flexible electrical interconnection.
6C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the solar energy module front surface includes white backing plate.
7C8.It further include the dark-coloured striped corresponding to gap between the row according to equipment described in clause 6C8.
8C8.According to equipment described in clause 6C8, wherein the n-type semiconductor layer of the silicon solar cell is towards backingPlate.
9C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, in which:
The solar energy module front surface includes backer board；And
Backer board, flexible electrical interconnection, the first superbattery and encapsulant include laminate structures.
10C8.According to equipment described in clause 9C8, wherein the encapsulant includes thermoplastic polymer.
11C8.According to equipment described in clause 10C8, wherein the thermoplastic polymer includes thermoplastic olefin polymer.
12C8.It further include glass front plate according to equipment described in clause 9C8.
13C8.According to method described in clause 12C8, wherein the backer board includes glass.
14C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece engages at multiple discrete positions.
15C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece and conductive adhesive grafting materialEngagement.
16C8.It further include cemented joint according to equipment described in clause 1C8.
17C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, prolong wherein the flexible electrical interconnection piece is parallel to the module edgeIt stretches.
18C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein a part of the flexible electrical interconnection piece surrounds the first super electricityPond folds and is hidden.
19C8.It further include that the first superbattery is electrically connected to the band-like of electrical components to lead according to equipment described in clause 1C8Line.
20C8.According to equipment described in clause 19C8, wherein the ribbon conductor is conductively joined to flexible electrical interconnectionPart.
21C8.According to equipment described in clause 19C8, wherein the ribbon conductor is conductively joined to far from overlapping endsThe solar cell surface in portion.
22C8.According to equipment described in clause 19C8, wherein the electrical components are located in solar energy module rear surface.
23C8.According to equipment described in clause 19C8, wherein the electrical components include terminal box.
24C8.According to equipment described in clause 23C8, wherein in the terminal box and another solar energy module front surfaceAnother terminal box match engagement.
25C8.According to equipment described in clause 23C8, wherein the terminal box includes single terminal terminal box.
26C8.According to equipment described in clause 19C8, wherein the electrical components include bypass diode.
27C8.According to equipment described in clause 19C8, wherein the electrical components include switch.
28C8.It further include voltage sensing controller according to equipment described in clause 27C8, the voltage sensing controller quiltIt is configured to:
Receive the voltage output of the first superbattery；
Based on the voltage, determine whether the solar battery of the first superbattery is in reverse-biased；And
It is connected to the switch, reverse-biased solar battery and superbattery modular circuit is disconnected.
29C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the first superbattery is connected with the superbattery.
30C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, in which:
First silicon solar cell of the first superbattery includes chamfering；
Second silicon solar cell of the first superbattery lacks chamfering；And
The front surface area that each silicon solar cell of first superbattery is exposed under sunlight is substantially equal.
31C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, in which:
First silicon solar cell of the first superbattery includes chamfering；
Second silicon solar cell of the first superbattery includes chamfering；And
The long side of first silicon solar cell is Chong Die with the long side of the second silicon solar cell.
32C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the silicon solar cell of the first superbattery includes having aboutThe item of the length of 156mm.
33C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the silicon solar cell of the first superbattery includes having aboutThe item of the length of 125mm.
34C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the silicon solar cell of the first superbattery includes item, it is describedItem has the width between about 1:2 to about 1:20 and the length-width ratio between length.
35C8.According to equipment described in clause 1C8, wherein the overlapping adjacent silicon of the first superbattery is used for solar batteries viscousMixture conductively engages, and the equipment further includes being configured to limit the feature of adhesive sprawling.
36C8.According to equipment described in clause 35C8, wherein the feature includes trench.
37C8.According to equipment described in clause 36C8, wherein the trench is formed by metallization pattern.
38C8.According to equipment described in clause 37C8, wherein the metallization pattern includes along the silicon solar electricityThe line that the long side in pond extends, the equipment further includes multiple discrete engagement pads between the line and the long side.
39C8.According to equipment described in clause 37C8, wherein the metallization pattern is located at the silicon of the first superbattery tooOn the front of positive energy battery.
40C8.According to equipment described in clause 37C8, wherein the metallization pattern is located at the silicon of the second superbattery tooOn the back of positive energy battery.
1C9.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Solar energy module, the solar energy module include front surface, and the front surface includes the string for assembling the first superbatteryConnection connection silicon solar cell, first superbattery include the first cutting rod, and first cutting rod has along with theThe front side metallization pattern of first external margin of two cutting rods overlapping.
2C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, therefrom separated wherein the first cutting rod and the second cutting rod have to reappearThe length of the wafer shape of first cutting rod.
3C9.According to equipment described in clause 2C9, wherein the length is 156mm.
4C9.According to equipment described in clause 2C9, wherein the length is 125mm.
5C9.According to equipment described in clause 2C9, wherein length-width ratio between the width and length of the first cutting rod betweenBetween about 1:2 to about 1:20.
6C9.According to equipment described in clause 2C9, wherein the first cutting rod includes the first chamfering.
7C9.According to equipment described in clause 6C9, wherein the first chamfering is along the first external margin.
8C9.According to equipment described in clause 6C9, wherein the first chamfering is not along the first external margin.
9C9.According to equipment described in clause 6C9, wherein the second cutting rod includes the second chamfering.
10C9.According to equipment described in clause 9C9, wherein the overlapping edge of the second cutting rod includes the second chamfering.
11C9.According to equipment described in clause 9C9, wherein the overlapping edge of the second cutting rod does not include the second chamfering.
12C9.According to equipment described in clause 6C9, wherein the length reappears the quasi- pros for therefrom separating the first cutting rodThe shape of shape chip.
13C9.According to equipment described in clause 6C9, wherein the width of different size in the second cutting rod of the first cutting rodDegree, so that the first cutting rod and the second cutting rod have roughly equal area.
14C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the second cutting rod about 1mm to 5mm Chong Die with the first cutting rod.
15C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the front side metallization pattern includes bus.
16C9.According to equipment described in clause 15C9, wherein bus includes conical section.
17C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the front side metallization pattern includes discrete engagement pad.
18C9.According to equipment described in clause 17C9, in which:
Second cutting rod passes through adhesive bond to the first cutting rod；And
Discrete engagement pad further includes the feature for limiting adhesive sprawling.
19C9.According to equipment described in clause 18C9, wherein the feature includes trench.
20C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the front side metallization pattern includes bypass wire.
21C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the front side metallization pattern includes finger-shaped material.
22C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the first cutting rod further includes along opposite with the first external marginThe second external margin back side metallization pattern.
23C9.According to equipment described in clause 22C9, wherein the back side metallization pattern includes engagement pad.
24C9.According to equipment described in clause 22C9, wherein the back side metallization pattern includes bus.
25C9.According to equipment described in clause 1C9, wherein the superbattery includes at least 19 silicon cutting rods, oftenA silicon cutting rod has greater than about 10 volts of breakdown voltage.
26C9.According to method described in clause 1C9, wherein another on the superbattery and the module front surfaceSuperbattery connection.
27C9.According to equipment described in clause 26C9, wherein the module front surface includes white liner, the white liningPad is characterized in that corresponding to the dark-coloured striped in gap between the superbattery and another described superbattery.
28C9.According to equipment described in clause 26C9, in which:
The solar energy module front surface includes backer board；And
Backer board, interconnection piece, superbattery and encapsulant include laminate structures.
29C9.According to equipment described in clause 28C9, wherein the encapsulant includes thermoplastic polymer.
30C9.According to equipment described in clause 29C9, wherein the thermoplastic polymer includes thermoplastic olefin polymer.
31C9.According to equipment described in clause 26C9, further include the superbattery and another described superbattery itBetween interconnection piece.
32C9.According to equipment described in clause 31C9, wherein a part of the interconnection piece is covered by dark-coloured film.
33C9.According to equipment described in clause 31C9, wherein a part of the interconnection piece is colored.
34C9.It further include that the superbattery is electrically connected to the band-like of electrical components according to equipment described in clause 31C9Conducting wire.
35C9.According to equipment described in clause 34C9, wherein the ribbon conductor is conductively joined to the first cutting rodRear side.
36C9.According to equipment described in clause 34C9, wherein the electrical components include bypass diode.
37C9.According to equipment described in clause 34C9, wherein the electrical components include switch.
38C9.According to equipment described in clause 34C9, wherein the electrical components include terminal box.
39C9.According to equipment described in clause 38C9, wherein the terminal box is Chong Die with another terminal box and in matchingTo arrangement.
40C9.According to equipment described in clause 26C9, wherein the superbattery and the series connection of another described superbatteryConnection.
1C10.A kind of method, comprising:
Laser marks quarter line drawing on silicon, to define solar-electricity pool area；
Electroconductive binder grafting material is applied to the top surface for drawing silicon wafer quarter of neighbouring solar-electricity pool area long side；WithAnd
Silicon wafer is divided along the quarter line drawing, to provide solar battery item, the solar battery item includes neighbouring instituteState a part of the electroconductive binder grafting material of solar battery long side setting.
2C10.It further include providing metallization pattern for silicon wafer, so that the segmentation according to method described in clause 1C10Generate the solar battery item with the metallization pattern along the long side.
3C10.According to method described in clause 2C10, wherein the metallization pattern includes bus or discrete engagement pad.
4C10.According to method described in clause 2C10, wherein described provide includes printing the metallization pattern.
5C10.According to method described in clause 2C10, wherein described provide includes that the metallization pattern is electroplated.
6C10.According to method described in clause 2C10, wherein the metallization pattern includes being configured to limit described leadThe feature of electric adhesive bond material creep.
7C10.According to equipment described in clause 6C10, wherein the feature includes trench.
8C10.According to method described in clause 1C10, wherein described apply includes printing.
9C10.According to method described in clause 1C10, wherein described apply includes using masked-deposition.
10C10.According to method described in clause 1C10, wherein the long side length of the solar battery item reappears chipShape.
11C10.According to method described in clause 10C10, wherein the length is 156mm or 125mm.
12C10.According to method described in clause 10C10, wherein between the width and length of the solar battery itemLength-width ratio is between about 1:2 to about 1:20.
13C10.According to method described in clause 1C10, wherein the segmentation includes:
Apply vacuum between the bottom surface and bent support surface of chip, so that solar-electricity pool area is against bent supportSurface curvature, and to cut silicon wafer along quarter line drawing.
14C10.According to method described in clause 1C10, further includes:
Multiple solar battery items arrangement is in line, the wherein long side overlapping of adjacent solar battery item, and conductive adhesionA part of agent grafting material is disposed there between；And
Conductive bonding material is solidified, thus by the engagement of the solar battery item of adjacent overlapping to each other, and by their series electricalsConnection.
15C10.According to method described in clause 14C10, wherein the solidification includes applying heat.
16C10.According to method described in clause 14C10, wherein the solidification includes applying pressure.
17C10.According to method described in clause 14C10, wherein the arrangement includes forming layered structure.
18C10.According to method described in clause 17C10, wherein the solidification include heat and pressure are applied to it is describedLayered structure.
19C10.According to method described in clause 17C10, wherein the layered structure includes encapsulant.
20C10.According to method described in clause 19C10, wherein the encapsulant includes thermoplastic polymer.
21C10.According to method described in clause 20C10, wherein the thermoplastic polymer includes thermoplastic olefinObject.
22C10.According to method described in clause 17C10, wherein the layered structure includes backer board.
23C10.According to method described in clause 22C10, in which:
The backer board is white；And
The layered structure further includes dark-coloured striped.
24C10.According to method described in clause 14C10, wherein the arrangement includes will at least 19 solar batteriesItem arrangement is in line.
25C10.According to method described in clause 24C10, wherein described at least each of 19 solar battery itemsWith at least breakdown voltage of 10V.
26C10.It further include placing at least 19 solar battery items according to method described in clause 24C10At being only connected to single bypass diode.
27C10.It further include at least 19 solar battery items according to method described in clause 26C10Ribbon conductor is formed between one and the single bypass diode.
28C10.According to method described in clause 27C10, wherein the single bypass diode is located in terminal box.
29C10.According to method described in clause 28C10, wherein the terminal box is located on the back side of solar energy module, withAnother terminal box of different solar energy modules is arranged at pairing.
30C10.According to method described in clause 14C10, wherein the overlapping cell strip of the multiple solar battery item withThe solar battery item is overlapped about 1mm to 5mm.
31C10.According to method described in clause 14C10, wherein the solar battery item includes the first chamfering.
32C10.According to method described in clause 31C10, wherein the overlapping solar-electricity of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of pond item does not include the second chamfering.
33C10.According to method described in clause 32C10, wherein the width of the solar battery item is greater than the overlappingThe width of solar battery item, so that the solar battery item and the overlapping solar battery item are with roughly equalArea.
34C10.According to method described in clause 31C10, wherein the overlapping solar-electricity of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of pond item includes the second chamfering.
35C10.According to method described in clause 34C10, wherein the overlapping sun of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of energy cell strip is Chong Die with including the long side of cell strip of the first chamfering.
36C10.According to method described in clause 34C10, wherein the overlapping sun of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of energy cell strip is Chong Die with the long side for the cell strip for not including the first chamfering.
37C10.It further include using interconnection piece by the multiple solar battery item according to method described in clause 14C10It is connect with another multiple solar battery item.
38C10.According to method described in clause 37C10, wherein a part of the interconnection piece is covered by dark-coloured film.
39C10.According to method described in clause 37C10, wherein a part of the interconnection piece is colored.
40C10.According to method described in clause 37C10, wherein the multiple solar battery item and described another is moreA solar battery item is connected in series.
1C11.A kind of method, comprising:
The silicon wafer for having length is provided；
Quarter line drawing is marked, on silicon to define solar-electricity pool area；
Electroconductive binder grafting material is applied to the surface of silicon wafer；And
Silicon wafer is divided along the quarter line drawing, to provide solar battery item, the solar battery item includes neighbouring instituteState a part of the electroconductive binder grafting material of solar battery long side setting.
2C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein the quarter draws and draws including laser incising.
3C11.Quarter line drawing is drawn according to method described in clause 2C11, including laser incising, and then applies conductive adhesionAgent grafting material.
4C11.Chip is applied to according to method described in clause 2C11, including by electroconductive binder grafting material, and withLaser marks quarter line drawing afterwards.
5C11.According to method described in clause 4C11, in which:
Described apply includes applying uncured electroconductive binder grafting material；And
The laser incising is drawn including avoiding the heat from laser from solidifying uncured electroconductive binder grafting material.
6C11.According to method described in clause 5C11, wherein described avoid including selection laser power and/or quarter line drawingThe distance between uncured electroconductive binder grafting material.
7C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein described apply includes printing.
8C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein described apply includes using masked-deposition.
9C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein quarter line drawing and electroconductive binder grafting material are located at the tableOn face.
10C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein the segmentation includes:
Apply vacuum between wafer surface and bent support surface, so that solar-electricity pool area is curved against bent support surfaceSong, and to cut silicon wafer along quarter line drawing.
11C11.According to method described in clause 10C11, wherein the segmentation includes that will carve line drawing to be arranged to relative to trueEmpty manifold is at an angle.
12C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein the segmentation includes that pressure is applied to chip using roller.
13C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein described provide includes providing metallization pattern for silicon wafer,So that the segmentation generates the solar battery item with the metallization pattern along long side.
14C11.According to method described in clause 13C11, wherein the metallization pattern includes bus or discrete engagement pad.
15C11.According to method described in clause 13C11, wherein described provide includes printing the metallization pattern.
16C11.According to method described in clause 13C11, wherein described provide includes that the metallization pattern is electroplated.
17C11.According to method described in clause 13C11, wherein the metallization pattern is described including being configured to limitThe feature of electroconductive binder grafting material sprawling.
18C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, wherein the long side length of the solar battery item reappears chipShape.
19C11.According to method described in clause 18C11, wherein the length is 156mm or 125mm.
20C11.According to method described in clause 18C11, wherein between the width and length of the solar battery itemLength-width ratio is between about 1:2 to about 1:20.
21C11.According to method described in clause 1C11, further includes:
Multiple solar battery items arrangement is in line, the wherein long side overlapping of adjacent solar battery item, and conductive adhesionA part of agent grafting material is disposed there between；And
Conductive bonding material is solidified, thus by the engagement of the solar battery item of adjacent overlapping to each other, and by their series electricalsConnection.
22C11.According to method described in clause 21C11, in which:
The arrangement includes forming layered structure；And
The solidification includes that heat and pressure are applied to the layered structure.
23C11.According to method described in clause 22C11, wherein the layered structure includes thermoplastic olefin polymer envelopeFill agent.
24C11.According to method described in clause 22C11, wherein the layered structure includes:
White backing plate；And
Dark-coloured striped on the white backing plate.
25C11.According to method described in clause 21C11, in which:
Multiple chips are located in template；
Conductive adhesive grafting material distributes on multiple chips；And
Multiple chips are with fixture while to be divided into the batteries of multiple solar battery items.
26C11.According to method described in clause 25C11, further include using multiple solar battery items as one group of transport, andAnd wherein the arrangement includes that multiple solar battery items are arranged into module.
27C11.According to method described in clause 21C11, wherein the arrangement includes will have at least breakdown voltage of 10VAt least 19 solar battery items only with single bypass diode arrangement be in line.
28C11.It further include at least 19 solar battery items according to method described in clause 27C11Ribbon conductor is formed between one and the single bypass diode.
29C11.According to method described in clause 28C11, wherein the single bypass diode is located at the first solar energy mouldIn first terminal box of block, the second terminal box of first terminal box and the second solar energy module is arranged at pairing.
30C11.It further include at least 19 solar battery items according to method described in clause 27C11One forms ribbon conductor between intelligent switch.
31C11.According to method described in clause 21C11, wherein the overlapping cell strip of the multiple solar battery item withThe solar battery item is overlapped about 1mm to 5mm.
32C11.According to method described in clause 21C11, wherein the solar battery item includes the first chamfering.
33C11.According to method described in clause 32C11, wherein the overlapping solar-electricity of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of pond item does not include the second chamfering.
34C11.According to method described in clause 33C11, wherein the width of the solar battery item is greater than the overlappingThe width of solar battery item, so that the solar battery item and the overlapping solar battery item are with roughly equalArea.
35C11.According to method described in clause 32C11, wherein the overlapping solar-electricity of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of pond item includes the second chamfering.
36C11.According to method described in clause 35C11, wherein the overlapping sun of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of energy cell strip is Chong Die with including the long side of cell strip of the first chamfering.
37C11.According to method described in clause 35C11, wherein the overlapping sun of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of energy cell strip is Chong Die with the long side for the cell strip for not including the first chamfering.
38C11.It further include using interconnection piece by the multiple solar battery item according to method described in clause 21C11It is connect with another multiple solar battery item.
39C11.According to method described in clause 38C11, wherein a part of the interconnection piece covered by dark-coloured film orIt is colored.
40C11.According to method described in clause 38C11, wherein the multiple solar battery item and described another is moreA solar battery item is connected in series.
1C12.A kind of method, comprising:
The silicon wafer for having length is provided；
Quarter line drawing is marked, on silicon to define solar-electricity pool area；
Silicon wafer is divided along line drawing is carved, to provide solar battery item；And
Apply the electroconductive binder grafting material of neighbouring solar battery long side setting.
2C12.According to method described in clause 1C12, wherein the quarter draws and draws including laser incising.
3C12.According to method described in clause 1C12, wherein described apply includes silk-screen printing.
4C12.According to method described in clause 1C12, wherein described apply includes ink jet printing.
5C12.According to method described in clause 1C12, wherein described apply includes using masked-deposition.
6C12.According to method described in clause 1C12, wherein the segmentation include the surface of chip and curved surface itBetween apply vacuum.
7C12.According to method described in clause 6C12, wherein the curved surface includes vacuum manifold, and the segmentationIncluding will carve line drawing be orientated to it is at an angle relative to vacuum manifold.
8C12.According to method described in clause 7C12, wherein the angle is right angle.
9C12.According to method described in clause 7C12, wherein the angle is not right angle.
10C12.According to method described in clause 6C12, wherein bringing application vacuum by movement.
11C12.According to method described in clause 1C12, further includes:
Multiple solar battery items arrangement is in line, the wherein long side overlapping of adjacent solar battery item, and conductive adhesionAgent grafting material is disposed there between；And
Conductive bonding material is solidified, the solar battery item of adjacent overlapping is electrically connected in series.
12C12.According to method described in clause 11C12, wherein the arrangement includes forming layered structure, the layering knotStructure includes encapsulant, and the method also includes to the laminated layered structure.
13C12.According to method described in clause 12C12, wherein the small part that is cured to is carried out in laminated period.
14C12.According to method described in clause 12C12, wherein the solidification does not carry out simultaneously with laminated.
15C12.According to method described in clause 12C12, wherein described laminated including applying vacuum.
16C12.According to method described in clause 15C12, wherein the vacuum is applied to air bag.
17C12.According to method described in clause 15C12, wherein the vacuum is applied to band.
18C12.According to method described in clause 12C12, wherein the encapsulant includes thermoplastic olefin polymer.
19C12.According to method described in clause 12C12, wherein the layered structure includes:
White backing plate；And
Dark-coloured striped on the white backing plate.
20C12.According to method described in clause 11C12, wherein described provide includes providing metallization pattern for silicon wafer,So that the segmentation generates the solar battery item with the metallization pattern along long side.
21C12.According to method described in clause 20C12, wherein the metallization pattern includes bus or discrete engagement pad.
22C12.According to method described in clause 20C12, wherein described provide includes printing or galvanic metallization pattern.
23C12.According to method described in clause 20C12, wherein the arrangement includes being come using the feature of metallization patternLimit the sprawling of electroconductive binder grafting material.
24C12.According to method described in clause 23C12, wherein the Q-character is on the front side of solar battery item.
25C12.According to method described in clause 23C12, wherein the Q-character is on the back side of solar battery item.
26C12.According to method described in clause 11C12, wherein the long side length of the solar battery item reappears chipShape.
27C12.According to method described in clause 26C12, wherein the length is 156mm or 125mm.
28C12.According to method described in clause 26C12, wherein between the width and length of the solar battery itemLength-width ratio is between about 1:2 to about 1:20.
29C12.According to method described in clause 11C12, wherein the arrangement includes will have at least breakdown voltage of 10VAt least 19 solar battery items as the first superbattery, only with single bypass diode arrangement be in line.
30C12.It further include applying to lead between the first superbattery and interconnection piece according to method described in clause 29C12Electric adhesive bond material.
31C12.According to method described in clause 30C12, wherein the interconnection piece is super by the first superbattery and secondBattery is connected in parallel.
32C12.According to method described in clause 30C12, wherein the interconnection piece is super by the first superbattery and secondBattery is connected in series.
33C12.According to method described in clause 29C12, further include the first superbattery and single bypass diode itBetween form ribbon conductor.
34C12.According to method described in clause 33C12, wherein the single bypass diode is located at the first solar energy mouldIn first terminal box of block, the second terminal box of first terminal box and the second solar energy module is arranged at pairing.
35C12.According to method described in clause 11C12, wherein the solar battery item includes the first chamfering.
36C12.According to method described in clause 35C12, wherein the overlapping solar-electricity of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of pond item does not include the second chamfering.
37C12.According to method described in clause 36C12, wherein the width of the solar battery item is greater than the overlappingThe width of solar battery item, so that the solar battery item and the overlapping solar battery item are with roughly equalArea.
38C12.According to method described in clause 35C12, wherein the overlapping solar-electricity of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of pond item includes the second chamfering.
39C12.According to method described in clause 38C12, wherein the overlapping sun of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of energy cell strip is Chong Die with including the long side of cell strip of the first chamfering.
40C12.According to method described in clause 38C12, wherein the overlapping sun of the multiple solar battery itemThe long side of energy cell strip is Chong Die with the long side for the cell strip for not including the first chamfering.
1C13.A kind of equipment, comprising:
Semiconductor wafer, the semiconductor wafer have first surface, and the first surface includes along the first external marginFirst metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern along second external margin opposite with first external margin, instituteState semiconductor wafer further include between the first metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern first quarter line drawing.
2C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes discrete engagement pad.
3C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first metallization pattern include far from the first external margin andIt is directed toward the first finger-shaped material of the second metallization pattern.
4C13.According to equipment described in clause 3C13, wherein the first metallization pattern further includes along the first external marginThe bus for extending and intersecting with the first finger-shaped material.
5C13.According to equipment described in clause 4C13, wherein the second metallization pattern includes:
The second finger-shaped material of the first metallization pattern is directed toward far from the second external margin；And
The second bus for extending along the second external margin and intersecting with the second finger-shaped material.
6C13.According to equipment described in clause 3C13, further include along the first external margin extend and with the first finger-shaped materialThe electroconductive binder of contact.
7C13.According to equipment described in clause 3C13, wherein the first metallization pattern further includes the first bypass wire.
8C13.According to equipment described in clause 3C13, wherein the first metallization pattern further includes first end conducting wire.
9C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes silver.
10C13.According to equipment described in clause 9C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes silver paste.
11C13.According to equipment described in clause 9C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes discrete contacts.
12C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes the tin more cheaper than silver, aluminiumOr another conducting wire.
13C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes copper.
14C13.According to equipment described in clause 13C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes electro-coppering.
15C13.It further include for mitigating compound passivation scheme according to equipment described in clause 13C13.
16C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, further includes:
Keep off the third metallization pattern on the first surface of the semiconductor wafer of the first external margin or the second external margin；And
Between third metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern second quarter line drawing, wherein first quarter line drawing first metallizationBetween pattern and third metallization pattern.
17C13.According to equipment described in clause 16C13, wherein first quarter line drawing and the second quarter line drawing between defineFirst width is divided by the ratio of semiconductor die leaf length between about 1:2 to about 1:20.
18C13.According to equipment described in clause 17C13, wherein the length is about 156mm or about 125mm.
19C13.According to equipment described in clause 17C13, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes chamfering.
20C13.According to equipment described in clause 19C13, in which:
First quarter line drawing and the first external margin define first rectangular area, first rectangular area includes two chamferingsWith the first metallization pattern, the area of first rectangular area corresponds to length and the product of the second width subtracts two chamferingsCombined area, the second width be greater than the first width；And
Second quarter line drawing and first quarter line drawing define the second rectangular area, second rectangular area do not include chamfering and includingThe area of third metallization pattern, second rectangular area should be in the product of length and the first width.
21C13.According to equipment described in clause 16C13, wherein third metallization pattern includes being directed toward the second metallization figureThe finger-shaped material of case.
22C13.It further include the second table of the semiconductor wafer opposite with first surface according to equipment described in clause 1C13Third metallization pattern on face.
23C13.According to equipment described in clause 22C13, wherein third metallization pattern includes close to the first quarter line drawing positionThe engagement pad set.
24C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein first quarter line drawing formed by laser.
25C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first quarter line drawing is located in first surface.
26C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes being configured to limit conductive glueThe feature of mixture sprawling.
27C13.According to equipment described in clause 26C13, wherein the feature includes protruding features.
28C13.According to equipment described in clause 27C13, wherein the first metallization pattern includes engagement pad, and the spySign includes the adjacent engagement pad and the obstacle for being higher than the engagement pad.
29C13.According to equipment described in clause 26C13, wherein the feature includes recess feature.
30C13.According to method described in clause 29C13, wherein the recess feature includes trench.
31C13.It further include the electroconductive binder contacted with the first metallization pattern according to equipment described in clause 26C13.
32C13.According to equipment described in clause 31C13, wherein electroconductive binder is printed.
33C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes silicon.
34C13.According to equipment described in clause 33C13, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes crystalline silicon.
35C13.According to equipment described in clause 33C13, wherein the first front surface is N-shaped conduction type.
36C13.According to equipment described in clause 33C13, wherein first front surface is p-type electric-conducting type.
37C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, in which:
First metallization pattern is away from the first external margin 5mm or less；And
Second metallization pattern is away from the second external margin 5mm or less.
38C13.According to equipment described in clause 1C13, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes chamfering, and the first metalChanging pattern includes the conical section extended around chamfering.
39C13.According to equipment described in clause 38C13, wherein the conical section includes bus.
40C13.According to equipment described in clause 38C13, wherein the conical section includes connecting leading for discrete engagement padLine.
1C14.A kind of method, comprising:
Marked on chip first quarter line drawing；And
Using vacuum along first quarter line drawing silicon wafer divided, to provide solar battery item.
2C14.According to method described in clause 1C14, wherein the quarter draws and draws including laser incising.
3C14.According to method described in clause 2C14, wherein the segmentation include the surface of chip and curved surface itBetween apply vacuum.
4C14.According to method described in clause 3C14, wherein the curved surface includes vacuum manifold.
5C14.According to method described in clause 4C14, wherein the wafer support is on tape, the band is moved to vacuum discriminationPipe, and the vacuum is applied by the band.
6C14.According to method described in clause 5C14, wherein the segmentation includes:
By first quarter line drawing be orientated to it is at an angle relative to vacuum manifold；And
First quarter line drawing one end at start to cut.
7C14.According to method described in clause 6C14, wherein the angle is substantially right angle.
8C14.According to method described in clause 6C14, wherein the angle is generally not right angle.
9C14.It further include applying uncured electroconductive binder grafting material according to method described in clause 3C14.
10C14.According to method described in clause 9C14, wherein first quarter line drawing and uncured electroconductive binder engage materialMaterial position is in the similar face of chip.
11C14.According to method described in clause 10C14, wherein by selection laser power and/or first quarter line drawing withThe distance between uncured electroconductive binder grafting material, the laser incising, which is drawn, avoids making uncured electroconductive binder from engagingMaterial solidification.
12C14.According to method described in clause 10C14, wherein the similar face is opposite with wafer surface, the chipSurface is supported by moving a wafer into the band of curved surface.
13C14.According to method described in clause 12C14, wherein the curved surface includes vacuum manifold.
14C14.According to method described in clause 9C14, wherein described be applied to draws progress later at the quarter.
15C14.According to method described in clause 9C14, wherein the progress after being applied to the segmentation.
16C14.According to method described in clause 9C14, wherein described apply includes silk-screen printing.
17C14.According to method described in clause 9C14, wherein described apply includes ink jet printing.
18C14.According to method described in clause 9C14, wherein described apply includes using masked-deposition.
19C14.According to method described in clause 3C14, wherein the first quarter line drawing be located at it is following between the two:
Along the first metallization pattern in the wafer surface of the first external margin, with
Along the second metallization pattern in the wafer surface of the second external margin.
20C14.According to method described in clause 19C14, wherein the chip further include keep off the first external margin orThird metallization pattern on the semiconductor wafer surface of second external margin, and the method also includes:
Marked between third metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern second quarter line drawing so that the first quarter line drawing be located at firstBetween metallization pattern and third metallization pattern；And
Along second quarter line drawing silicon wafer divided, to provide another solar battery item.
21C14.According to method described in clause 20C14, wherein first quarter line drawing and second quarter the distance between line drawing shapeAt width, the width defines the length-width ratio between about 1:2 and about 1:20, and wherein the length of chip is about 125mm or about156mm。
22C14.According to method described in clause 19C14, wherein the first metallization pattern includes being directed toward the second metallization figureThe finger-shaped material of case.
23C14.According to method described in clause 22C14, wherein the first metallization pattern further includes and the finger-shaped material phaseThe bus of friendship.
24C14.According to method described in clause 23C14, wherein the bus is in the 5mm of the first external margin.
25C14.It further include that the uncured conduction contacted with the finger-shaped material is glued according to method described in clause 22C14Mixture grafting material.
26C14.According to method described in clause 19C14, wherein the first metallization pattern includes discrete engagement pad.
27C14.It further include the first metallization pattern on printing or wafer electroplating according to method described in clause 19C14.
28C14.According to method described in clause 3, further includes:
The solar battery item is arranged in the first superbattery, first superbattery includes at least 19 sunEnergy cell strip, each solar battery item have at least breakdown voltage of 10V, wherein the long side weight of adjacent solar battery itemFolded, electroconductive binder grafting material is disposed there between；And
Conductive bonding material is solidified, the solar battery item of adjacent overlapping is electrically connected in series.
29C14.According to method described in clause 28C14, wherein the arrangement includes forming layered structure, the layering knotStructure includes encapsulant, and the method also includes to the laminated layered structure.
30C14.According to method described in clause 29C14, wherein the small part that is cured to is carried out in laminated period.
31C14.According to method described in clause 29C14, wherein the solidification does not carry out simultaneously with laminated.
32C14.According to method described in clause 29C14, wherein the encapsulant includes thermoplastic olefin polymer.
33C14.According to method described in clause 29C14, wherein the layered structure includes:
White backing plate；And
Dark-coloured striped on the white backing plate.
34C14.According to method described in clause 28C14, wherein the arrangement includes being limited using metallization pattern featureMake the sprawling of conductive adhesive bond material.
35C14.According to method described in clause 34C14, wherein the metallization pattern feature is located at solar battery itemFront surface on.
36C14.According to method described in clause 34C14, wherein the metallization pattern feature is located at solar battery itemBack surface on.
37C14.According to method described in clause 28C14, further include the first superbattery with by the second superbattery stringJoin and applies electroconductive binder grafting material between the interconnection piece of connection.
38C14.According to method described in clause 28C14, further include the first superbattery single bypass diode itBetween form ribbon conductor, the single bypass diode is located in the first terminal box of the first solar energy module, and described first connectsWire box and the second terminal box of the second solar energy module are arranged at pairing.
39C14.According to method described in clause 28C14, in which:
The solar battery item includes the first chamfering；
The long side of the overlapping solar battery item of the multiple solar battery item does not include the second chamfering；And
The width of the solar battery item is greater than the width of the overlapping solar battery item, so that the solar-electricityPond item and the overlapping solar battery item have roughly equal area.
40C14.According to method described in clause 28C14, in which:
The solar battery item includes the first chamfering；
The long side of the overlapping solar battery item of the multiple solar battery item includes the second chamfering；And
The long side of the overlapping solar battery item of the multiple solar battery item and the solar energy for not including the first chamferingThe long side of cell strip is overlapped.
1C15.A kind of method, comprising:
The first metallization pattern is formed along the first external margin of the first surface of semiconductor wafer；
The second metallization pattern, second external margin and the first external edge are formed along the second external margin of first surfaceEdge is opposite；And
Formed between the first metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern first quarter line drawing.
2C15.According to method described in clause 1C15, in which:
First metallization pattern includes the first finger-shaped material for being directed toward the second metallization pattern；And
Second metallization pattern includes the second finger-shaped material for being directed toward the first metallization pattern.
3C15.According to method described in clause 2C15, in which:
First metallization pattern further includes the first bus for intersecting with the first finger-shaped material and being located in the 5mm of the first external margin；And
Second metallization pattern includes the second bus for intersecting with the second finger-shaped material and being located in the 5mm of the second external margin.
4C15.According to method described in clause 3C15, further includes:
On the first surface, third metallization pattern, the third are not formed along the first external margin or the second external marginMetallization pattern includes:
The third bus parallel with the first bus, and
It is directed toward the third finger-shaped material of the second metallization pattern；And
Formed between third metallization pattern and the second metallization pattern second quarter line drawing, wherein first quarter line drawing in the first gold medalBetween categoryization pattern and third metallization pattern.
5C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein first quarter line drawing and the second quarter line drawing divide one fixed width, instituteThe ratio of the length of width and semiconductor wafer is stated between about 1:2 to about 1:20.
6C15.According to method described in clause 5C15, wherein the length of the semiconductor wafer is about 156mm or about125mm。
7C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes chamfering.
8C15.According to method described in clause 7C15, in which:
First quarter line drawing and the first external margin define the first solar-electricity pool area, the first solar-electricity pool area includesTwo chamferings and the first metallization pattern, the first solar-electricity pool area have the first area, and first area is correspondingThe combined area of two chamferings is subtracted in the length of semiconductor wafer and the product of the first width；And
Second quarter line drawing and first quarter line drawing define the second solar-electricity pool area, the second solar-electricity pool area does not includeChamfering and including third metallization pattern, the second solar-electricity pool area has second area, the second area pairThe product of length described in Ying Yu and second width narrower than the first width, so that the first area and second area are roughly equal.
9C15.According to method described in clause 8C15, wherein the length is about 156mm or about 125mm.
10C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein formed first quarter line drawing and formed the second quarter line drawing include swashPhotoetching is drawn.
11C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein forming the first metallization pattern, forming the second metallization figureCase and formation third metallization pattern include printing.
12C15.According to method described in clause 11C15, wherein forming the first metallization pattern, forming the second metallization figureCase and formation third metallization pattern include silk-screen printing.
13C15.According to method described in clause 11C15, wherein forming the first metallization pattern includes forming multiple contactsPad, the engagement pad include silver.
14C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein forming the first metallization pattern, forming the second metallization figureCase and formation third metallization pattern include plating.
15C15.According to method described in clause 14C15, wherein the first metallization pattern, the second metallization pattern andThree metallization patterns include copper.
16C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein the first metallization pattern includes aluminium, tin, silver, copper and/or ratioThe cheaper conducting wire of silver.
17C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes silicon.
18C15.According to method described in clause 17C15, wherein the semiconductor wafer includes crystalline silicon.
19C15.It further include on the second surface of the semiconductor wafer, according to method described in clause 4C15The 4th metallization pattern is formed between in the 5mm for the position that one external margin and the second quarter draw.
20C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein first surface includes the first conduction type, and the second tableFace includes second conduction type opposite with the first conduction type.
21C15.According to method described in clause 4C15, wherein the 4th metallization pattern includes engagement pad.
22C15.It further include that conductive adhesive is applied to semiconductor wafer according to method described in clause 3C15.
23C15.It further include applying conductive adhesive and being connect with the first finger-shaped material according to method described in clause 22C15Touching.
24C15.According to method described in clause 23C15, silk is carried out including the use of mask wherein applying conductive adhesiveWire mark brush or deposition.
25C15.According to method described in clause 3C15, further include along first quarter line drawing semiconductor wafer divided, withForm the first solar battery item including the first metallization pattern.
26C15.According to method described in clause 25C15, wherein the segmentation include apply vacuum to first quarter line drawing.
27C15.It further include that semiconductor wafer setting is being moved to vacuum according to method described in clause 26C15Take.
28C15.It further include that conductive adhesive is applied to the first solar-electricity according to method described in clause 25C15Pond item.
29C15.According to method described in clause 25C15, further includes:
First solar battery item is arranged in the first superbattery, first superbattery includes at least 19 sunEnergy cell strip, each solar battery item have at least breakdown voltage of 10V, wherein the long side weight of adjacent solar battery itemFolded, conductive adhesive is disposed there between；And
Conductive adhesive is solidified, the solar battery item of adjacent overlapping is electrically connected in series.
30C15.According to method described in clause 29C15, wherein the arrangement includes forming layered structure, the layering knotStructure includes encapsulant, and the method also includes to the laminated layered structure.
31C15.According to method described in clause 30C15, wherein the small part that is cured to is carried out in laminated period.
32C15.According to method described in clause 30C15, wherein the solidification does not carry out simultaneously with laminated.
33C15.According to method described in clause 30C15, wherein the encapsulant includes thermoplastic olefin polymer.
34C15.According to method described in clause 30C15, wherein the layered structure includes:
White backing plate；And
Dark-coloured striped on the white backing plate.
35C15.According to method described in clause 29C15, wherein the arrangement includes being limited with metallization pattern featureThe sprawling of conductive adhesive.
36C15.According to method described in clause 35C15, wherein the metallization pattern feature is located at the first solar-electricityIn the front surface of pond item.
37C15.According to method described in clause 29C15, further include the first superbattery with by the second superbattery stringJoin and applies conductive adhesive between the interconnection piece of connection.
38C15.According to method described in clause 29C15, further include the first superbattery single bypass diode itBetween form ribbon conductor, the single bypass diode is located in the first terminal box of the first solar energy module, and described first connectsWire box and the second terminal box of the second solar energy module are arranged at pairing.
39C15.According to method described in clause 29C15, in which:
First solar battery item includes the first chamfering；
The long side of the overlapping solar battery item of first superbattery does not include the second chamfering；And
The width of first solar battery item is greater than the width of overlapping solar battery item, so that the first solar battery item and againFolded solar battery item has roughly equal area.
40C15.According to method described in clause 29C15, in which:
First solar battery item includes the first chamfering；
The long side of the overlapping solar battery item of first superbattery includes the second chamfering；And
It is described overlapping solar battery item long side with do not include that the long side of the first solar battery item of the first chamfering is Chong Die.
1C16.A kind of method, comprising:
Silicon wafer is obtained or provides, the silicon wafer includes front surface metallization pattern, and the front surface metallization pattern includesThe first bus or engagement pad row parallel and adjacent to the first external margin arrangement of the chip, and be parallel to and adjacentSecond bus of the second external margin arrangement of the nearly chip or engagement pad row, the second external margin of the chip and firstEdge is opposite and parallel；
Along first external margin and second external margin for being parallel to the chip one or more quarter line drawingThe silicon wafer is divided, to form multiple rectangle solar batteries, wherein first bus or engagement pad row are parallel to simultaneouslyAnd the long external margin arrangement of neighbouring first rectangle solar battery, and second bus or engagement pad row are parallel to simultaneouslyAnd the long external margin arrangement of neighbouring second rectangle solar battery；And
Rectangle solar battery arrangement is in line, wherein the long side of adjacent solar battery overlaps each other and conductibilityGround engagement, the solar battery is electrically connected in series, to form superbattery；
Wherein first bus or the engagement pad row of first rectangle solar battery are adjacent with the superbatteryThe bottom surface of rectangle solar battery is overlapped and is conductively joined to the bottom surface.
2C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein the second bus on second rectangle solar battery or connecingTouch pad row is Chong Die with the bottom surface of adjacent rectangle solar battery in the superbattery and is conductively joined to the bottomPortion surface.
3C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein the silicon wafer is square or dead square silicon wafer.
4C16.According to method described in clause 3C16, wherein the silicon wafer has length about 125mm or length aboutThe side of 156mm.
5C16.According to method described in clause 3C16, wherein the ratio of the length of each rectangle solar battery and width is situated betweenBetween about 2:1 and about 20:1.
6C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein the silicon wafer is crystal silicon wafer.
7C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein the first bus or engagement pad row and the second bus or engagement padIt ranks in the fringe region of the silicon wafer, the fringe region converts the light to central area of the efficiency than silicon wafer of electricityIt is lower.
8C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein the front surface metallization pattern includes being electrically connected to firstMore than first a parallel fingers that bus or engagement pad are arranged and extended internally from the first external margin of the chip, and be electrically connectedIt is connected to more than second a parallel fingers that the second bus or engagement pad are arranged and extended internally from the second external margin of the chip.
9C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein the front surface metallization pattern includes being parallel to first alwaysLine or engagement pad row and the second bus or engagement pad row orientation and at least third bus between them or engagement pad row, withAnd the multiple parallel fingers of third of third bus or engagement pad row are orientated normal to and are electrically connected to, and in the silicon waferPiece is partitioned to form after multiple rectangle solar batteries, and third bus or engagement pad arrangement are set to parallel and adjacent to theThe long external margin of three rectangle solar batteries.
10C16.The first bus or engagement pad are applied to according to method described in clause 1C16, including by conductive adhesiveRow conductively engages whereby by first rectangle solar battery to adjacent solar battery.
11C16.According to method described in clause 10C16, wherein the metallization pattern includes being configured to limit conductionProperty adhesive sprawling barrier.
12C16.Apply conductive adhesive according to method described in clause 10C16, including by silk-screen printing.
13C16.Apply conductive adhesive according to method described in clause 10C16, including by ink jet printing.
14C16.According to method described in clause 10C16, passed wherein being formed in the silicon wafer and being applied before carving line drawingThe property led adhesive.
15C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, wherein being included in along one or more quarter line drawing segmentation silicon waferApply vacuum between the bottom surface and bent support surface of silicon wafer, so that silicon wafer is against bent support surface curvature, fromAnd along one or more quarter line drawing silicon wafer cut.
16C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, in which:
The silicon wafer be include the dead square silicon wafer of chamfering, and the silicon wafer segmentation after formed it is the multipleRectangle solar battery, one or more of described rectangle solar battery include one or more of described chamfering；AndAnd
By being greater than the width vertical with including the long axis of the rectangle solar battery of chamfering and lacking downThe vertical width of the long axis of the rectangle solar battery at angle, to select to carve the interval between line drawing to compensateThe chamfering, therefore, during superbattery work, in the multiple rectangle solar battery in the superbatteryThe area that is exposed under sunlight of each be substantially equal.
17C16.According to method described in clause 1C16, including superbattery is arranged between transparent front plate and back plateIn layered structure, and the layered structure is carried out laminated.
18C16.According to method described in clause 17C16, wherein carrying out laminated completion setting super to the layered structureThe solidification of conductive adhesive, adjacent rectangle solar battery is conducted between adjacent rectangle solar battery in grade batteryIt is joined to each other to property.
19C16.According to method described in clause 17C16, wherein the superbattery is arranged in the layered structureOne in the superbattery of two or more parallels, and the back plate is the white board for including parallel dark-coloured striped,The position of the dead color striped and width correspond to the position in gap between the superbattery of the two or more parallelsAnd width, so that the white portion of the back plate is invisible by the gap respectively arranged between superbattery in assembling module.
20C16.According to method described in clause 17C16, wherein the foreboard and the back plate are glass plates, and describedSuperbattery is encapsulated in thermoplastic olefin layer, and the thermoplastic olefin layer is clipped between glass plate.
21C16.It is arranged in the first module according to method described in clause 1C16, including by superbattery, described firstModule includes the terminal box with the second terminal box of the second solar energy module at pairing arrangement.
1D.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries of two or more parallels are arranged to, each superbattery includes arranging straight multiple rectanglesOr the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and conductively connects directly with one anotherIt closes so that the silicon solar cell to be electrically connected in series；
The first hiding tap engagement pad on the back surface of the first solar battery, first solar battery positionIn the middle position along first superbattery；And
Conductively it is joined to the first electrical interconnection of the first hiding tap engagement pad；
Wherein the first electrical interconnection includes stress relief feature, the stress relief feature reconciliation electrical interconnection and the electricityThe differential thermal expansion between silicon solar cell that interconnection piece is engaged.
2D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, including second on the back surface of the second solar batteryHiding tap engagement pad, second solar battery are located near the first solar battery, and are located at along secondThe middle position of superbattery, wherein by the first electrical interconnection to be electrically connected to second hidden for the first hiding tap engagement padThe tap engagement pad of hiding.
3D.According to solar energy module described in clause 2D, wherein the first electrical interconnection extend through the first superbattery withGap between second superbattery, and conductively it is joined to the second hiding tap engagement pad.
4D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, comprising: second on the back surface of the second solar batteryHiding tap engagement pad, second solar battery are located at another middle position along first superbattery；Conductively it is joined to the second electrical interconnection of the second hiding tap engagement pad；And bypass diode, the bypass twoPole pipe utilizes the first electrical interconnection and the second electrical interconnection and point hiding positioned at the first hiding tap engagement pad and secondSolar battery parallel connection electrical connection between junction contacts pad.
5D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, wherein the first hiding tap engagement pad is arranged on and theMultiple hiding taps on the back surface for the first solar battery in a row that the long axis of one solar battery extends in parallelOne in head engagement pad, and wherein the first electrical interconnection is conductively joined to multiple hiding each of contacts,And its length that the first solar battery is substantially equal to along the span of the long axis.
6D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, wherein the position and first of the first hiding tap engagement padThe short side of the back surface of solar battery is adjacent, and first electrical interconnection is not along the long axis of the solar battery from instituteIt states hiding tap engagement pad substantially to extend internally, and the back surface metallization pattern on the first solar battery is instituteIt states interconnection piece and conducting path is provided, the conducting path has film resistor of 5 ohm less than or equal to about every square.
7D.According to solar energy module described in clause 6D, wherein the film resistor less than or equal to about every square 2.5 EuropeNurse.
8D.According to solar energy module described in clause 6D, wherein the first interconnection piece includes being located in stress relief featureTwo protruding portions on opposite sides, and one of protruding portion is conductively joined to the first hiding tap engagement pad.
9D.According to solar energy module described in clause 8D, wherein described two protruding portions have different length.
10D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, wherein the first electrical interconnection includes alignment characteristics, the alignmentThe required alignment of feature identification and the first hiding tap engagement pad.
11D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, wherein the first electrical interconnection includes alignment characteristics, the alignmentThe required alignment of feature identification and the edge of the first superbattery.
12D.According to solar energy module described in clause 1D, with another solar energy being connected electrically in overlapping regionModule arrangement is at overlapping stacking mode.
13D.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Glass front plate；
Back plate；
Multiple superbatteries of two or more parallels are arranged between the glass front plate and the back plate, it is each superBattery includes the silicon solar cell for being arranged to the multiple rectangles or substantial rectangular of straight line, wherein adjacent silicon solar cellLong side is overlapped and is engaged to flexible conductor directly with one another the silicon solar cell to be electrically connected in series；And
Rigidly, conductively it is joined to the first flexible electrical interconnection of the one of the multiple superbattery；
Flexible conductor between the solar battery being wherein overlapped, which engages, provides mechanical plasticity for the superbattery, thusWithin the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 100 DEG C, reconcile be parallel to superbattery row direction on the superbattery with it is describedThermal expansion mismatch between glass front plate and be unlikely to damage the solar energy module；And
Wherein the rigid conductibility between the first superbattery and the first flexible electrical interconnection engage force it is described first softProperty electrical interconnection within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 180 DEG C, reconcile on direction arrange perpendicular to the superbattery described inThermal expansion mismatch between first superbattery and the first flexible electrical interconnection and be unlikely to damage the solar energy module.
14D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, the adjacent solar battery that is wherein overlapped in superbattery itBetween conductibility engagement utilize different conductive adhesives the conductibility engagement between superbattery and flexible electrical interconnection.
15D.According to solar energy module described in clause 14D, two of them conductive adhesive can be walked in identical processingSolidification in rapid.
16D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, wherein at least one solar battery side in superbatteryConductibility engagement and the different conductive adhesive of the conductibility of solar battery other side engagement utilization.
17D.According to solar energy module described in clause 16D, two of them conductive adhesive can be walked in identical processingSolidification in rapid.
18D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, wherein the conductibility between the adjacent solar battery being overlappedThe differential motion that engagement reconciles between each battery and glass front plate greater than or equal to about 15 microns.
19D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, wherein the conductibility between the adjacent solar battery being overlappedIt is bonded on perpendicular to the thickness on solar battery direction less than or equal to about 50 microns, and perpendicular to solar battery directionOn thermal conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.5W/ (m-K).
20D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, wherein the first flexible electrical interconnection receiving itself is greater than or waitsIn about 40 microns of thermal expansions or it is heat-shrinked.
21D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, wherein being conductively joined in the first flexible electrical interconnection superThe part of grade battery in it is band-like, formed by copper, and the thickness on the direction on the surface engaged perpendicular to it with solar batteryDegree is less than or equal to about 50 microns.
22D.According to solar energy module described in clause 21D, wherein being conductively joined in the first flexible electrical interconnection superThe part of grade battery in it is band-like, formed by copper, and the thickness on the direction on the surface engaged perpendicular to it with solar batteryDegree is less than or equal to about 30 microns.
23D.According to solar energy module described in clause 21D, wherein the first flexible electrical interconnection includes integral type conductibilityCopper part, the part are not engaged with solar battery, and are compared and be conductively joined to too in the first flexible electrical interconnectionThe part of positive energy battery provides higher conductibility.
24D.According to solar energy module described in clause 21D, wherein in the plane of the solar cell surface, firstFlexible electrical interconnection has in the direction perpendicular to the direction of current flow for flowing through the interconnection piece greater than or equal to about 10mmWidth.
25D.According to solar energy module described in clause 21D, wherein the first flexible electrical interconnection is conductively joined to tooPositive energy battery nearby compares the first electrical interconnection and provides the conducting wire of more high conductance.
26D.According to solar energy module described in clause 13D, with another sun being connected electrically in overlapping regionEnergy module arrangement is at overlapping stacking mode.
27D.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries of two or more parallels are arranged to, each superbattery includes arranging straight multiple rectanglesOr the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and conductively connects directly with one anotherIt closes so that the silicon solar cell to be electrically connected in series；And
Hiding tap engagement pad on the first solar battery back surface, the hiding tap engagement pad is justOften non-conducting high current when work；
Wherein first solar battery is located at along first superbattery in superbattery described in first rowMiddle position, and the hiding tap engagement pad is electrically connected in parallel at least second in superbattery described in second rowA solar battery.
28D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, including being joined to hiding tap engagement pad and will be describedThe electrical interconnection to the second solar battery is electrically interconnected in hiding tap engagement pad, wherein the span essence of the electrical interconnectionThe upper length not equal to the first solar battery, and the back surface metallization pattern on the first solar battery is described hidesTap engagement pad conducting path is provided, the conducting path has less than or equal to about every square 5 ohm of film resistor.
29D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, wherein the multiple superbattery is arranged to three or moreParallel, the span of these parallels are equal to width of the solar energy module on the direction arranged perpendicular to these, and instituteIt states hiding at least one solar battery that hiding tap engagement pad is electrically connected in each superbattery rowThe superbattery is arranged electrical connection in parallel by engagement pad, and be connected at least one hiding tap engagement pad orIt is connected to the connection of at least one bus and bypass diode or other electronics of the interconnection piece between hiding tap engagement padDevice connection.
30D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, including flexible electrical interconnection, the flexibility electrical interconnection conductionIt is joined to property the hiding tap engagement pad, to be electrically coupled to the second solar battery, in which:
Conductively be joined in the flexibility electrical interconnection part of the hiding tap engagement pad in it is band-like, by copper shapeAt, and the thickness in the vertical direction on the surface that the flexible electrical interconnection is engaged with the solar battery is less thanOr it is equal to about 50 microns；And
The conductibility between the hiding tap engagement pad and the flexible electrical interconnection, which engages, forces the flexibilityElectrical interconnection bears the thermal expansion mismatch between first solar battery and the flexible electrical interconnection, and about -40It is DEG C swollen by heat between first solar battery and second solar battery to reconciling within the temperature range of about 180 DEG CRelative motion caused by swollen makes the relative motion be unlikely to damage the solar energy module.
31D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, wherein the solar energy module is at work, first hidesEngagement pad can conduct the electric current bigger than the electric current generated in any single solar battery.
32D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, wherein being covered on above the first hiding tap engagement padThe front surface of the first solar battery do not occupied by engagement pad or any other interconnection piece feature.
33D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, wherein not by first in the front surface of the first solar batteryAny region of a part overlapping of adjacent solar battery in superbattery is not all by engagement pad or any other interconnection pieceFeature occupies.
34D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, wherein most of battery in each superbattery does not haveThere is hiding tap engagement pad.
35D.According to solar energy module described in clause 34D, wherein having the battery of hiding tap engagement pad to compareBattery without hiding tap engagement pad can have biggish smooth collecting zone.
36D.According to solar energy module described in clause 27D, with another sun being connected electrically in overlapping regionEnergy module arrangement is at overlapping stacking mode.
37D.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Glass front plate；
Back plate；
Multiple superbatteries of two or more parallels are arranged between the glass front plate and the back plate, it is each superBattery includes the silicon solar cell for being arranged to the multiple rectangles or substantial rectangular of straight line, wherein adjacent silicon solar cellLong side is overlapped and is engaged to flexible conductor directly with one another the silicon solar cell to be electrically connected in series；And
Rigidly, conductively it is joined to the first flexible electrical interconnection of the one of the multiple superbattery；
Flexible conductor engagement between the solar battery being wherein overlapped is formed by the first conductive adhesive, and the flexibilityConductibility is combined with the modulus of shearing less than or equal to about 800 megapascal.And
Wherein the rigid conductibility between the first superbattery and the described first flexible electrical interconnection is engaged by the second conductionProperty adhesive formed, and the rigidity conductibility engagement have greater than or equal to about 2000 megapascal modulus of shearing.
38D.According to solar energy module described in clause 37D, wherein the first conductive adhesive and the second conductive adhesionAgent is different, but both conductive adhesives can solidify in same procedure of processing.
39D.According to solar energy module described in clause 37D, wherein the conductibility between the adjacent solar battery being overlappedIt is bonded on perpendicular to the thickness on solar battery direction less than or equal to about 50 microns, and perpendicular to solar battery directionOn thermal conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.5W/ (m-K).
40D.According to solar energy module described in clause 37D, with another sun being connected electrically in overlapping regionEnergy module arrangement is at overlapping stacking mode.
1E.A kind of solar energy module, comprising: quantity N is greater than or equal to about 150 rectangles or the silicon sun of substantial rectangularEnergy battery, the silicon solar cell are arranged to multiple superbatteries in two or more parallels, each superbattery packetThe straight multiple silicon solar cells of arrangement are included, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and conductively connectsIt closes each other, the silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；Wherein superbattery be electrically connected, with provide greater than or equal to about90 volts of High Level DC Voltage.
2E.It is mutual according to solar energy module described in clause 1E, including one or more flexible electrical interconnections, the flexible electricalEven part is arranged to for multiple superbatteries being electrically connected in series, to provide High Level DC Voltage.
3E.According to solar energy module described in clause 2E, including module level power electronic device, the module level power electricitySub- device includes the inverter for High Level DC Voltage to be transformed into alternating voltage.
4E.According to solar energy module described in clause 3E, wherein the module level power electronics devices sense the Gao ZhiGalvanic electricity pressure, and the module is operated at optimum current-voltage power point.
5E.It is each to adjacent serial connected super battery row's including being electrically connected to according to solar energy module described in clause 1EModule level power electronic device is arranged for being electrically connected in series one or more pairs of superbatteries to provide High Level DC Voltage, the moduleGrade power electronic device includes the inverter for High Level DC Voltage to be transformed into alternating voltage.
6E.According to solar energy module described in clause 5E, wherein module level power electronic device sensing is each independentA pair of of superbattery row both ends voltage, and operate at optimum current-voltage power point each individually a pair of superBattery row.
7E.According to solar energy module described in clause 6E, wherein if individually a pair of superbattery arranges the voltage at both endsLower than threshold value, then this arranges from the circuit for providing High Level DC Voltage superbattery and disconnects by module level power electronic device.
8E.According to solar energy module described in clause 1E, the module including being electrically connected to each individual superbattery rowGrade power electronic device, for being electrically connected in series two or more superbatteries row to provide High Level DC Voltage, the moduleGrade power electronic device includes the inverter for High Level DC Voltage to be transformed into alternating voltage.
9E.According to solar energy module described in clause 8E, wherein module level power electronic device sensing is each independentSuperbattery row both ends voltage, and each individually superbattery row is operated at optimum current-voltage power point.
10E.According to solar energy module described in clause 9E, wherein if individually the voltage at superbattery row both ends is lower thanThreshold value, then module level power electronic device disconnects this individual superbattery row from the circuit for providing High Level DC Voltage.
11E.According to solar energy module described in clause 1E, the module level including being electrically connected to each individual superbatteryPower electronic device, for being electrically connected in series two or more superbatteries to provide High Level DC Voltage, the module level functionRate electronic device includes the inverter for High Level DC Voltage to be transformed into alternating voltage.
12E.According to solar energy module described in clause 11E, wherein the module level power electronic device senses each listThe voltage at only superbattery both ends, and each individual superbattery is operated at optimum current-voltage power point.
13E.According to solar energy module described in clause 12E, wherein if individually the voltage at superbattery both ends is lower thanThreshold value, then module level power electronic device disconnects this individual superbattery from the circuit for providing High Level DC Voltage.
14E.According to solar energy module described in clause 1E, wherein the tap electricity that each superbattery is hidden is segmented intoMultiple segmentations, the solar energy module include each segmentation being electrically connected in each superbattery by hiding tapModule level power electronic device is segmented for being electrically connected in series two or more to provide High Level DC Voltage, the module level functionRate electronic device includes the inverter for High Level DC Voltage to be transformed into alternating voltage.
15E.According to solar energy module described in clause 14E, wherein module level power electronic device sensing is each superThe voltage at the individual segmentation both ends of each of grade battery, and operation is each individual at optimum current-voltage power pointSegmentation.
16E.According to solar energy module described in clause 15E, wherein if individually the voltage at segmentation both ends is lower than threshold value,Then this is individually segmented from the circuit for providing High Level DC Voltage and disconnects by module level power electronic device.
17E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 4E, 6E, 9E, 12E or 15E, wherein optimum current-electricityPressing power points is maximum current-voltage power point.
18E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 3E to 17E, wherein the module level power electronic devicePart lacks DC to DC boost parts.
19E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 1E to 18E, wherein N greater than or equal to about 200, be greater thanOr be equal to about 250, greater than or equal to about 300, greater than or equal to about 350, greater than or equal to about 400, greater than or equal to about 450,Greater than or equal to about 500, greater than or equal to about 550, greater than or equal to about 600, greater than or equal to about 650, or be greater than or waitIn about 700.
20E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 1E to 19E, wherein the High Level DC Voltage be greater than orEqual to about 120 volts, greater than or equal to about 180 volts, greater than or equal to about 240 volts, greater than or equal to about 300 volts, be greater than or equal toAbout 360 volts, greater than or equal to about 420 volts, greater than or equal to about 480 volts, greater than or equal to about 540 volts, or be greater than or equal toAbout 600 volts.
21E.A kind of solar energy photovoltaic system, comprising:
Two or more solar energy modules of parallel connection electrical connection；And
Inverter；
Wherein each solar energy module includes quantity N greater than or equal to about the silicon solar of 150 rectangles or substantial rectangular electricityPond, the silicon solar cell are arranged to multiple superbatteries in two or more parallels, and each of each module is superGrade battery includes that two or more in the straight silicon solar cell, the wherein adjacent silicon sun is arranged in the moduleThe long side of energy battery is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, and the silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series, and eachSuperbattery electrical connection in module, so that module provides the high-voltage direct-current output greater than or equal to about 90 volts；And
Wherein the inverter is electrically connected to two or more solar energy modules, so that the high-voltage direct-current of these modules be exportedIt is transformed into alternating current.
22E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 21E, wherein each solar energy module includes one or moreA flexibility electrical interconnection, the flexibility electrical interconnection are arranged to for the superbattery in solar energy module being electrically connected in series,To provide the high-voltage direct-current output of solar energy module.
23E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 21E, including the two or more sun being electrically connected with parallel connectionCan at least third solar energy module that is electrically connected in series of the first solar energy module in module, wherein third solar energy module includeQuantity N ' is arranged to greater than or equal to about 150 rectangles or the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular, the silicon solar cellMultiple superbatteries in two or more parallels, each superbattery in the third solar energy module includes the mouldArranged in block it is two or more in the straight silicon solar cell, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlappedAnd be conductively joined to each other, the silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series, and super in third solar energy moduleGrade battery electrical connection, so that module provides the high-voltage direct-current output greater than or equal to about 90 volts.
24E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 23E, including the two or more sun being electrically connected with parallel connectionAt least the 4th solar energy module that the second solar energy module in energy module is electrically connected in series, wherein the 4th solar energy module includesQuantity N ' is arranged to greater than or equal to about 150 rectangles or the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular, the silicon solar cellMultiple superbatteries in two or more parallels, each superbattery in the 4th solar energy module includes the mouldArranged in block it is two or more in the straight silicon solar cell, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlappedAnd be conductively joined to each other, the silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series, and super in the 4th solar energy moduleGrade battery electrical connection, so that module provides the high-voltage direct-current output greater than or equal to about 90 volts.
25E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 21E to 24E, including fuse, the fuse arrangement is for preventingOnly because any one solar energy module occur short circuit due to dissipate other solar energy modules generation power.
26E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 21E to 25E, including blocking diode, it is describedBlocking diode arrangement for prevent because any one solar energy module occur short circuit due to dissipate other solar energy modules generation functionRate.
27E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 21E to 26E, including positive bus and negative bus,Two or more solar energy modules are electrically connected in parallel to these positive and negative buses, and inverter is also electrically connected to these positive and negative buses.
28E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 21E to 26E, including header box, two or moreA solar module is electrically connected to the header box by individual conducting wire, and solar energy module parallel connection is electrically connected by the header boxIt connects.
29E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 28E, wherein the header box includes fuse, the fuse clothSet for prevent because any one solar energy module occur short circuit due to dissipate other solar energy modules generation power.
30E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 28E or clause 29E, wherein the header box includes choked flow twoPole pipe, the blocking diode arrangement is for preventing other solar energy modules that dissipate because of the generation short circuit of any one solar energy moduleThe power of generation.
31E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 21E to 30E, wherein the inverter is configuredFor in the direct current pressing operation solar energy module for being higher than minimum value, the minimum value to be configured to avoid module reverse-biased.
32E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 21E to 30E, wherein the inverter is configuredReverse-biased for identification, and in the electric pressing operation solar energy module for avoiding the occurrence of reverse-biased.
33E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 21E to 32E, wherein N greater than or equal to about 200, it is bigIn or be equal to about 250, greater than or equal to about 300, greater than or equal to about 350, greater than or equal to about 400, greater than or equal to about450, greater than or equal to about 500, greater than or equal to about 550, greater than or equal to about 600, greater than or equal to about 650, or it is greater thanOr it is equal to about 700.
34E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 21E to 33E, wherein the High Level DC Voltage be greater than orEqual to about 120 volts, greater than or equal to about 180 volts, greater than or equal to about 240 volts, greater than or equal to about 300 volts, be greater than or equal toAbout 360 volts, greater than or equal to about 420 volts, greater than or equal to about 480 volts, greater than or equal to about 540 volts, or be greater than or equal toAbout 600 volts.
35E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 21E to 34E, is located on roof.
36E.A kind of solar energy photovoltaic system, comprising:
First solar energy module, including quantity N greater than or equal to about 150 rectangles or the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular,The silicon solar cell is arranged to multiple superbatteries in two or more parallels, and each superbattery includes being arranged toMultiple silicon solar cells of straight line, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and is conductively joined to thatThis, the silicon solar cell is electrically connected in series；And
Inverter；
The wherein superbattery electrical connection, it is inverse for being supplied to inverter above or equal to about 90 volts of High Level DC VoltageBecome device and direct current is transformed into alternating current again.
37E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 36E, wherein the inverter is and the first solar energy moduleIntegrated micro- inverter.
38E.According to solar energy photovoltaic system described in clause 36E, wherein the first solar energy module includes one or moreFlexible electrical interconnection, the flexibility electrical interconnection are arranged to for the superbattery in solar energy module being electrically connected in series, fromAnd provide the high-voltage direct-current output of solar energy module.
39E.The solar energy photovoltaic system according to any one of clause 36E to 38E, including with the first solar energy moduleAt least the second solar energy module being electrically connected in series, wherein the second solar energy module includes quantity N ' greater than or equal to about 150The silicon solar cell of rectangle or substantial rectangular, the silicon solar cell are arranged to multiple in two or more parallelsSuperbattery, each superbattery includes that the straight silicon solar electricity is arranged in the module in the second solar energy moduleIt is two or more in pond, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and is conductively joined to each other, it will be describedSilicon solar cell is electrically connected in series, and the second solar energy module superbattery electrical connection so that module offer be greater than orHigh-voltage direct-current output equal to about 90 volts.
40E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 36E to 39E, is arrived wherein the inverter lacks direct currentDC boosting component.
41E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 36E to 40E, wherein N greater than or equal to about 200, it is bigIn or be equal to about 250, greater than or equal to about 300, greater than or equal to about 350, greater than or equal to about 400, greater than or equal to about450, greater than or equal to about 500, greater than or equal to about 550, greater than or equal to about 600, greater than or equal to about 650, or it is greater thanOr it is equal to about 700.
42E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 36E to 41E, wherein the High Level DC Voltage be greater than orEqual to about 120 volts, greater than or equal to about 180 volts, greater than or equal to about 240 volts, greater than or equal to about 300 volts, be greater than or equal toAbout 360 volts, greater than or equal to about 420 volts, greater than or equal to about 480 volts, greater than or equal to about 540 volts, or be greater than or equal toAbout 600 volts.
43E.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Greater than or equal to about 250 N number of rectangles or the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular, the silicon solar cell arrangementAt the superbattery of multiple series connections in two or more parallels, each superbattery includes that arrangement is straight multipleThe silicon solar cell, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and uses not only conductive but also thermally conductive adhesive conductibilityGround is engaged with each other, and the silicon solar cell in the superbattery is electrically connected in series；And
Every 25 solar batteries are less than a bypass diode；
Wherein the not only conductive but also thermally conductive adhesive forms engagement between adjacent solar battery, these be bonded on perpendicular toThickness on solar battery direction is less than or equal to about 50 microns, and big perpendicular to the thermal conductivity on solar battery directionIn or equal to about 1.5W/ (m-K).
44E.According to solar energy module described in clause 43E, wherein the superbattery is encapsulated between foreboard and back plateThermoplastic olefin layer in.
45E.According to solar energy module described in clause 43E, wherein the superbattery is encapsulated in glass front plate and back plateBetween.
46E.According to solar energy module described in clause 43E, the bypass diode that every 30 solar batteries include is less thanOne, every 50 solar batteries bypass diode for including is less than one or bypass that every 100 solar batteries includeDiode is less than one, perhaps only includes single bypass diode or do not include bypass diode.
47E.According to solar energy module described in clause 43E, does not include bypass diode, only includes two poles of single bypassIt manages including is no more than three bypass diodes including be no more than six bypass diodes, or including being no more than ten bypasses twoPole pipe.
48E.According to solar energy module described in clause 43E, wherein the conductibility between the solar battery being overlapped engagesMechanical plasticity is provided for superbattery, so that reconciliation is parallel to super electricity within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 100 DEG CThermal expansion mismatch on the direction of pond row between superbattery and glass front plate makes the thermal expansion mismatch be unlikely to damage the sunIt can module.
49E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 43E to 48E, wherein N greater than or equal to about 300, it is bigIn or be equal to about 350, greater than or equal to about 400, greater than or equal to about 450, greater than or equal to about 500, greater than or equal to about550, greater than or equal to about 600, greater than or equal to about 650, or greater than or equal to about 700.
50E.The solar energy module according to any one of clause 43E to 49E, wherein the superbattery electrical connection withThere is provided High Level DC Voltage, the High Level DC Voltage greater than or equal to about 120 volts, greater than or equal to about 180 volts, greater than or equal to about240 volts, greater than or equal to about 300 volts, greater than or equal to about 360 volts, greater than or equal to about 420 volts, greater than or equal to about 480It lies prostrate, greater than or equal to about 540 volts, or greater than or equal to about 600 volts.
51E.A kind of solar energy system, comprising:
According to solar energy module described in clause 43E；And
Inverter, the inverter are electrically connected to the solar energy module, and are configured for conversion from the solar energy mouldThe direct current output of block is to provide exchange output.
52E.According to solar energy system described in clause 51E, wherein the inverter lacks DC to DC boost parts.
53E.According to solar energy system described in clause 51E, wherein the inverter is configured for being higher than minimum valueDirect current pressing operation solar energy module, the minimum value is configured to avoid solar battery reverse-biased.
54E.According to solar energy system described in clause 53E, wherein minimum amount of voltage that depends on temperature.
55E.According to solar energy system described in clause 51E, wherein the inverter is configured for identification reverse-biased,And in the electric pressing operation solar energy module for avoiding the occurrence of reverse-biased.
56E.According to solar energy system described in clause 55E, wherein the inverter is configured in solar energy moduleVoltage-to-current power curve local maxima region in operate solar energy module, to avoid there is reverse-biased.
57E.The solar energy system according to any one of clause 51E to 56E, wherein the inverter be with it is described tooThe integrated micro- inverter of positive energy module.
1F.A method of manufacture solar battery, which comprises
Solar cell wafer is promoted along curved surface；And
Apply vacuum between curved surface and the bottom surface of solar cell wafer, so that solar cell wafer is against curvedCurved surface bending, to cut solar cell wafer along one or more previous ready quarter line drawing, thus from tooIt is positive to be partitioned into multiple solar batteries in battery wafer.
2F.According to method described in clause 1F, wherein the curved surface is the bottom surface to solar cell waferApply the bending part of the upper surface of the vacuum manifold of vacuum.
3F.According to method described in clause 2F, wherein vacuum manifold applies to the bottom surface of solar cell waferVacuum changes along the direction of travel of solar cell wafer, and the area of solar cell wafer is cut in vacuum manifoldReach maximum intensity in domain.
4F.According to method described in clause 2F or clause 3F, including using porous belts along table in the bending of vacuum manifoldSolar cell wafer is transmitted in face, wherein apply vacuum to the bottom of solar cell wafer by the perforation on porous beltsSurface.
5F.According to method described in clause 4F, wherein the perforation is arranged on porous belts, so that solar cell waferAt least one perforation on porous belts must be covered on above along the leading edge and rear of itself direction of travel.
6F.The method according to any one of clause 2F to 5F, comprising: along the flat region of the upper surface of vacuum manifoldDomain promotes solar cell wafer, reaches the transition in vacuum manifold upper surface with first curvature and is bent region；It then will tooPositive energy battery wafer is advanced in the cutting region for cutting solar cell wafer in vacuum manifold upper surface, the institute of vacuum manifoldCutting region is stated with torsion, torsion is received tighter than first curvature.
7F.According to method described in clause 6F, wherein continuous geometry of the curvature of the transitional region by increased curvatureFunction definition.
8F.According to method described in clause 7F, wherein continuous geometry of the curvature of the cutting region by increased curvatureFunction definition.
9F.According to method described in clause 6F, have the including the solar battery of cutting to be advanced in vacuum manifoldThe cutting rear region of three curvature, third curvature are received tighter than torsion.
10F.According to method described in clause 9F, wherein transition is bent region, cutting region and the curvature for cutting rear regionIt is defined by the single continuous geometry function of increased curvature.
11F.According to method described in clause 7F, clause 8F or clause 10F, wherein the continuous geometry function of increased curvatureIt is clothoid.
12F.The method according to any one of clause 1F to 11F, is included in solar cell wafer and curved surfaceBetween, one end of line drawing is first carved at every, the other end that line drawing is then carved at every applies stronger vacuum, so as to along everyIt carves line drawing and asymmetric stress distribution is provided, thus help to carve the core that line drawing forms single cutting crackle along every, andHelp individually to cut crackle and be spread along every quarter line drawing.
13F.The method according to any one of clause 1F to 12F, including the solar battery that will cut from bending tableIt is removed in face, wherein by solar battery, before removing in curved surface, the edge of the solar battery of cutting is not contacted.
14F.The method according to any one of clause 1F to 13F, comprising:
It will carve on line drawing laser scribing to solar cell wafer；And
Before cutting solar cell wafer along quarter line drawing, electroconductive binder grafting material is applied to solar batteryThe top surface portion of chip；
Wherein the solar battery of each cutting includes a part of conductive adhesion being arranged along the cut edge of its top surfaceAgent grafting material.
15F.Quarter line drawing is marked according to method described in clause 14F, including laser, then applies electroconductive binder and engages materialMaterial.
16F.According to method described in clause 14F, including apply electroconductive binder grafting material, subsequent laser marks quarter and drawsLine.
17F.A kind of solar battery system from the cutting manufactured by method described in any one of clause 14F to 16FMake the method for solar battery string, wherein the solar battery of the cutting is rectangle, which comprises
Multiple rectangle solar batteries arrangement is in line, wherein the long side of adjacent rectangle solar battery weight in a manner of coveringFolded, wherein a part of electroconductive binder grafting material is arranged between adjacent rectangle solar battery；And
The conductive bonding material is solidified, so that the rectangle solar battery of adjacent overlapping is engaged with each other, and they are gone here and thereConnection electrical connection.
18F.The method according to any one of clause 1F to 17F, wherein the solar cell wafer is squareOr dead square silicon solar cell chip.
1G.A method of making solar battery string, which comprises
Rear surface metallization pattern is formed on each battery in one or more square solar batteries；
Using single template, complete front surface metallization pattern is printed onto one or more in single stencilization stepOn each battery in square solar battery；
Each square solar battery is divided into two or more rectangle solar batteries, thus with one or moreA square solar battery forms multiple rectangle solar batteries, and each rectangle solar battery has complete front surfaceMetallization pattern and rear surface metallization pattern；
Multiple rectangle solar batteries are in line arrangement, wherein the long side of adjacent rectangle solar battery weight in a manner of coveringIt is folded；And
Rectangle solar battery in the adjacent overlapping rectangles solar battery of every a pair is conductively engaged to each other, allows and leadsElectrically engage material be arranged between the two rectangle solar batteries, for by this to a battery in rectangle solar batteryFront surface metallization pattern be electrically connected to this rear surface metallization pattern to another battery in rectangle solar battery,To which the multiple rectangle solar battery is electrically connected in series.
2G.According to method described in clause 1G, wherein for limiting one or more square solar batteries in templateOn front surface metallization pattern one or more features all parts be all limited to during stencilization with the templateIn be located at the physical connections of other parts locating for template in plane.
3G.According to method described in clause 1G, wherein the front surface metallization pattern packet on each rectangle solar batteryMultiple finger-shaped materials of the long side orientation perpendicular to rectangle solar battery are included, and the finger-shaped material in front surface metallization pattern is allIt is not physically connected to each other by front surface metallization pattern.
4G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the finger-shaped material has about 10 microns to about 90 microns of width.
5G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the finger-shaped material has about 10 microns to about 50 microns of width.
6G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the finger-shaped material has about 10 microns to about 30 microns of width.
7G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the finger-shaped material has the preceding table perpendicular to rectangle solar batteryAbout 10 microns to about 50 microns of the height in face.
8G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the finger-shaped material is with the front surface perpendicular to rectangle solar energyAbout 30 microns or bigger height.
9G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the front surface metallization pattern packet on each rectangle solar batteryMultiple engagement pads are included, the engagement pad is disposed parallel to and the edge of the long side of neighbouring rectangle solar battery, wherein oftenA engagement pad is positioned corresponding to the end of finger-shaped material.
10G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the rear surface metallization pattern packet on each rectangle solar batteryMultiple engagement pads are included, the engagement pad is in a row parallel and adjacent to the edge arrangement of the long side of rectangle solar battery, andAnd the rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pair is arranged so that this to a solar-electricity in rectangle solar batteryEach rear surface engagement pad on pond and this metallize to the front surface on another solar battery in rectangle solar batteryCorrespondence finger-shaped material in pattern is aligned and is electrically connected to the corresponding finger-shaped material.
11G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the rear surface metallization pattern packet on each rectangle solar batteryInclude the bus of the edge extension parallel and adjacent to the long side of rectangle solar battery, and the rectangle of the adjacent overlapping of every a pairSolar battery be arranged so that this on a solar battery in rectangle solar battery bus and this to rectangle tooThe finger-shaped material in front surface metallization pattern in positive energy battery on another solar battery is overlapped and is electrically connected to the fingerShape object.
12G.According to method described in clause 3G, in which:
Front surface metallization pattern on each rectangle solar battery includes multiple engagement pads, and the engagement pad is arranged in parallelIn and neighbouring rectangle solar battery long side edge, wherein each engagement pad is positioned corresponding to the end of finger-shaped material；
The rear surface metallization pattern on each rectangle solar battery includes multiple engagement pads, and the engagement pad is arrangedAt a row at the edge of the long side parallel and adjacent to the rectangle solar battery；And
The rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pair is arranged so that this to a solar energy in rectangle solar batteryEach of on battery the rear surface engagement pad and this to before described on another solar battery in rectangle solar batteryCorresponding engagement pad in surface metalation pattern is aligned and is electrically connected to corresponding engagement pad.
13G.According to method described in clause 12G, wherein the rectangle in the rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pairSolar battery passes through the discrete of the conductive bonding material being arranged between the front surface engagement pad of overlapping and rear surface engagement padIt is joined to each other to partial conductance.
14G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the rectangle in the rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pair is tooPositive energy battery passes through the front surface metallization pattern being arranged in this to a solar battery in rectangle solar battery and shouldTo the overlapped ends of the finger-shaped material in the rear surface metallization pattern of another solar battery in rectangle solar battery itBetween the discrete parts of conductive bonding material be conductively joined to each other.
15G.According to method described in clause 3G, wherein the rectangle in the rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pair is tooPositive energy battery passes through the front surface metallization pattern being arranged in this to a solar battery in rectangle solar battery and shouldTo the overlapped ends of the finger-shaped material in the rear surface metallization pattern of another solar battery in rectangle solar battery itBetween dotted line or solid line conductive bonding material conductively engage each other, the conductive bonding material of the dotted line or solid line will be describedOne or more electrical interconnections in finger-shaped material.
16G.According to method described in clause 3G, in which:
The front surface metallization pattern on each rectangle solar battery includes multiple engagement pads, and the engagement pad is arranged toParallel and adjacent to the edge of the long side of the rectangle solar battery, wherein each engagement pad is positioned corresponding to finger-shaped materialEnd；And
The rectangle solar battery in the rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pair is by being arranged in this to the rectangle sunCan a solar battery in battery front surface metallization pattern and this to another sun in rectangle solar batteryThe discrete parts of the conductive bonding material between engagement pad in the rear surface metallization pattern of energy battery are conductively joined toEach other.
17G.According to method described in clause 3G, in which:
The front surface metallization pattern on each rectangle solar battery includes multiple engagement pads, and the engagement pad is arranged toParallel and adjacent to the edge of the long side of the rectangle solar battery, wherein each engagement pad is positioned corresponding to finger-shaped materialEnd；And
Rectangle solar battery in the rectangle solar battery of the adjacent overlapping of every a pair by setting this to rectangle solar energyThe front surface metallization pattern of a solar battery in battery and this to another solar energy in rectangle solar batteryDotted line between engagement pad or solid line conductive bonding material in the rear surface metallization pattern of battery conductively engage each other,The one or more in the finger-shaped material is electrically interconnected for the dotted line or solid line conductive bonding material.
18G.The method according to any one of clause 1G to 17G, wherein front surface metallization pattern is formed by silver paste.
1H.A method of manufacturing multiple solar batteries, which comprises
One or more front surface amorphous silicon layers are deposited in the front surface of crystal silicon wafer, in solar cell working,Front surface amorphous silicon layer will be irradiated by light；
One or more rear surface amorphous silicon layers are deposited in the rear surface of crystal silicon wafer, the rear surface is located at crystalline siliconThe opposite side of the front surface of chip；
By one or more front surface amorphous silicon layer patterns, with formed in one or more front surface amorphous silicon layers one orMultiple front surface grooves；
It will be in front surface passivation layer deposition to the top and front surface groove of one or more front surface amorphous silicon layers；
By one or more rear surface amorphous silicon layer patterns, with formed in one or more rear surface amorphous silicon layers one orMultiple rear surface grooves, each groove in one or more of rear surface grooves are formed and a corresponding preceding tableFace groove is in line；
It will be in rear surface passivation layer deposition to the top and rear surface groove of one or more rear surface amorphous silicon layers；And
The crystal silicon wafer is cut at one or more cutting planes, each cutting planes are corresponding in different a pairIt is placed in the middle or substantially placed in the middle on front surface groove and rear surface groove.
2H.According to method described in clause 1H, including one or more front surface grooves are formed, to penetrate front surface amorphousThe front surface of silicon layer arrival crystal silicon wafer.
3H.According to method described in clause 1H, including one or more rear surface grooves are formed, to penetrate one or moreThe rear surface of rear surface amorphous silicon layer arrival crystal silicon wafer.
4H.According to method described in clause 1H, including forming front surface passivation layer with after with transparent conductive oxideSurface passivation layer.
5H.According to method described in clause 1H, including laser is used to cause thermal stress in crystal silicon wafer, oneCrystal silicon wafer is cut at a or multiple cutting planes.
6H.According to method described in clause 1H, it is included at one or more cutting planes and cuts crystal silicon wafer machineryIt cuts.
7H.According to method described in clause 1H, wherein one or more front surface amorphous silicon layer/crystal silicon layers and crystalline siliconChip forms n-p junction.
8H.According to method described in clause 7H, including from its back-surface side sliced crystal silicon wafer.
9H.According to method described in clause 1H, wherein one or more rear surface amorphous silicon layer/crystal silicon layers and crystalline siliconChip forms n-p junction.
10H.According to method described in clause 9H, including from its front-surface side sliced crystal silicon wafer.
11H.A method of manufacturing multiple solar batteries, which comprises
One or more grooves are formed in the first surface of crystal silicon wafer；
One or more amorphous silicon layers are deposited on the first surface of crystal silicon wafer；
It will be on one or more amorphous silicon layers of the passivation layer deposition into the groove and on the first surface of crystal silicon wafer；
One or more amorphous silicon layers are deposited on the second surface of crystal silicon wafer, the second surface is located at crystal silicon waferThe opposite side of the first surface of piece；
The crystal silicon wafer is cut at one or more cutting planes, each cutting planes are in one or more of ditchesIt is placed in the middle or substantially placed in the middle on a different groove in slot.
12H.According to method described in clause 11H, including forming passivation layer with transparent conductive oxide.
13H.According to method described in clause 11H, including laser is used to cause thermal stress in crystal silicon wafer, withCrystal silicon wafer is cut at one or more cutting planes.
14H.According to method described in clause 11H, it is included in crystal silicon wafer machinery at one or more cutting planesCutting.
15H.According to method described in clause 11H, wherein one or more front surface amorphous silicon layer/crystal silicon layers and crystalSilicon wafer forms n-p junction.
16H.According to method described in clause 11H, wherein one or more rear surface amorphous silicon layer/crystal silicon layers and crystalSilicon wafer forms n-p junction.
17H.According to method described in clause 11H, wherein the first surface of crystal silicon wafer will in solar cell workingIt is irradiated by light.
18H.According to method described in clause 11H, wherein the second surface of crystal silicon wafer will in solar cell workingIt is irradiated by light.
19H.A kind of solar panels, comprising:
Multiple superbatteries, each superbattery includes the multiple solar batteries of arrangement of being in line, wherein adjacent solar energyThe end of battery is overlapped in a manner of covering and is conductively joined to each other, so that solar battery is electrically connected in series.
Wherein each solar battery includes: crystalline silicon substrate；One or more first surface amorphous silicon layers are arranged in crystalline substanceTo form n-p junction on the first surface of body silicon substrate；One or more second surface amorphous silicon layers are arranged in crystalline silicon substrateSecond surface on, the second surface is located at the opposite side of the first surface of crystalline silicon substrate；And passivation layer, preventThere is Carrier recombination in the edge of one surface amorphous silicon layer or the edge of second surface amorphous silicon layer, or both prevent firstThe edge of surface amorphous silicon layer prevents the edge of second surface amorphous silicon layer from Carrier recombination occur again.
20H.According to solar panels described in clause 19H, wherein the passivation layer includes transparent conductive oxide.
21H.According to solar panels described in clause 19H, wherein the superbattery be arranged to individually to arrange or two orMultiple parallels, to form the front surface of solar panels, during solar panels work, front surface will be irradiated by solar radiation.
Z1.A kind of solar energy module, comprising:
Greater than or equal to about 250 N number of rectangles or the silicon solar cell of substantial rectangular, the silicon solar cell arrangementAt the superbattery of multiple series connections in two or more parallels, each superbattery includes that arrangement is straight multipleThe silicon solar cell, wherein the long side of adjacent silicon solar cell is overlapped and uses not only conductive but also thermally conductive adhesive conductibilityGround is engaged with each other, and the silicon solar cell in the superbattery is electrically connected in series；And
One or more bypass diodes；
The adjacent parallel of every a pair wherein in the solar energy module passes through bypass diode and is electrically connected, two poles of the bypassThe rear surface electric contact in the row being conductively joined to this to parallel on centrally located solar battery is managed, and is passedThe rear surface electric contact being joined to the property led in the adjacent solar battery in another row to parallel.
Z2.According to solar energy module described in clause Z1, wherein the adjacent parallel of every a pair pass through it is at least one otherBypass diode electrical connection, the bypass diode are conductively joined on the solar battery in the row to parallelRear surface electric contact, and the rear table in the adjacent solar battery being conductively joined in another row to parallelFace electric contact.
Z3.According to solar energy module described in clause Z2, wherein the adjacent parallel of every a pair pass through it is at least one otherBypass diode electrical connection, the bypass diode are conductively joined on the solar battery in the row to parallelRear surface electric contact, and the rear table in the adjacent solar battery being conductively joined in another row to parallelFace electric contact.
Z4.According to solar energy module described in clause Z1, wherein the not only conductive but also thermally conductive adhesive is in the adjacent sunEngagement can be formed between battery, these are bonded on perpendicular to the thickness on solar battery direction less than or equal to about 50 microns,And perpendicular to the thermal conductivity on solar battery direction greater than or equal to about 1.5W/ (m-K).
Z5.According to solar energy module described in clause Z1, wherein the superbattery is encapsulated in front glass panel and rear glassIn thermoplastic olefin layer between plate.
Z6.According to solar energy module described in clause Z1, wherein the conductibility engagement between the solar battery being overlapped isSuperbattery provides mechanical plasticity, so that reconciliation is parallel to superbattery within the temperature range of about -40 DEG C to about 100 DEG CThermal expansion mismatch on the direction of row between superbattery and glass front plate makes the thermal expansion mismatch be unlikely to damage solar energyModule.
Z7.The solar energy module according to any one of clause Z1 to Z6, wherein N greater than or equal to about 300, be greater than orEqual to about 350, greater than or equal to about 400, greater than or equal to about 450, greater than or equal to about 500, greater than or equal to about 550, it is bigIn or be equal to about 600, greater than or equal to about 650, or greater than or equal to about 700.
Z8.The solar energy module according to any one of clause Z1 to Z7, wherein superbattery electrical connection is to mentionFor High Level DC Voltage, the High Level DC Voltage greater than or equal to about 120 volts, greater than or equal to about 180 volts, greater than or equal to about240 volts, greater than or equal to about 300 volts, greater than or equal to about 360 volts, greater than or equal to about 420 volts, greater than or equal to about 480It lies prostrate, greater than or equal to about 540 volts, or greater than or equal to about 600 volts.
Z9.A kind of solar energy system, comprising:
According to solar energy module described in clause Z1；And
Inverter, the inverter are electrically connected to the solar energy module, and are configured for conversion from the solar energy mouldThe direct current output of block is to provide exchange output.
Z10.According to solar energy system described in clause Z9, wherein the inverter lacks DC to DC boost parts.
Z11.According to solar energy system described in clause Z9, wherein the inverter is configured for being higher than minimum valueDirect current pressing operation solar energy module, the minimum value are configured to avoid solar battery reverse-biased.
Z12.According to solar energy system described in clause Z11, wherein minimum amount of voltage that depends on temperature.
Z13.According to solar energy system described in clause Z9, wherein the inverter is configured for identification reverse-biased,And in the electric pressing operation solar energy module for avoiding the occurrence of reverse-biased.
Z14.According to solar energy system described in clause Z13, wherein the inverter is configured in solar energy moduleVoltage-to-current power curve local maxima region in operate solar energy module, to avoid there is reverse-biased.
Z15.The solar energy system according to any one of clause Z9 to Z14, wherein the inverter be with it is described tooThe integrated micro- inverter of positive energy module.
Disclosure is only used for for example, being not used in limitation.In view of disclosure, modification in addition is for abilityIt will be evident for field technique personnel, and be intended to belong to scope of the appended claims.