A kind of IC engine air-inlet-exhaust systemTechnical field
The invention belongs to technical field of internal combustion engines, are related to a kind of IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system.
Background technique
Internal combustion engine, the setting such as the petrol engine that conventional vehicle uses, air inlet system and exhaust system is extremely critical, directly affectsTo the core parameter of the internal combustion engines such as the efficiency of combustion of automobile, fuel saving, exhaust index.
Existing automobile engine is realized under low speed and fast state, induction pathway and air inlet by variable intake manifoldThe adjusting of amount；Portion recycling is again introduced into combustion chamber and is burnt by parameters such as detection tail gas, speeds；ThoughThe right above-mentioned function being adjusted to intake and exhaust, can greatly improve the performance of engine, and still, detection determinesAccording to being all various travelling datas, sensing element and electronic program are also especially relied on.Due to the unstability of electronic component, then plusEnvironment locating for upper each electronic component for intake and exhaust is extremely severe, is that vehicle failure rate is higher, stability is poor, maintenance is allPhase short one of the major reasons, between this, the present invention is intended to provide structure it is simple, almost by mechanical structure can realize intoExhaust system equally has the function of exhaust gas recycling, heating by the exhaust gases, induction pathway adjustment etc..
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system,The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how precisely be controlled by the size of length and inlet flow area to induction pathwaySystem, to cooperate the demand of air inlet rhythm.
Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, this internal combustion engine intoExhaust system includes inlet manifold, exhaust main, exhaust branch pipe, air inlet mixed flow chamber and air intake branch, the pipe of the inlet manifoldA low speed inlet manifold, two middling speed inlet manifold and four high speed inlet manifold are connected between wall and air inlet mixed flow chamber,The low speed inlet manifold is close to the arrival end of inlet manifold, and the high speed inlet manifold is close to air inlet mixed flow chamber, the air inletAn air rammer is slidably connected in general pipeline, the air rammer connects a hollow exhaust gas intermediate tube, the exhaust gas intermediate tubeTube wall on be provided with locking ring one and the locking ring two between locking ring one and air rammer；The low speed inlet manifoldAxial spacing and middling speed inlet manifold between middling speed inlet manifold is equal with the axial spacing of high speed inlet manifold, described lowSpacing between axial spacing between fast inlet manifold and middling speed inlet manifold and locking ring one and locking ring two is equal；It is describedIt is connected between the tube wall and air rammer of inlet manifold and drives air rammer to the movement of the direction of low speed inlet manifoldReset spring one；The exhaust branch pipe is connected by exhaust gas intermediate tube with exhaust main.
Internal combustion engine underrun, control of the air inflow of inlet manifold by the air inflows damping arrangement such as air throttle, intoThe stream pressure of gas inlet manifold is smaller, and air rammer is displaced downwardly to the lower section of low speed inlet manifold, and is located at low speed inlet manifoldBetween middling speed inlet manifold, fresh air enters combustion by inlet manifold, low speed inlet manifold, air inlet mixed flow chamber and air intake branchBurn room；Since low speed inlet manifold only has one, and its slender pipeline path between air inlet mixed flow chamber is longer, with air inflowIt is matched with the spark rate of engine, reaches preferable air inlet rhythm and air inlet effect.
Internal combustion engine moderate-duty service, control of the air inflow of inlet manifold by the air inflows damping arrangement such as air throttle,The stream pressure of air inlet inlet manifold increases, and air rammer is displaced downwardly to the lower section of middling speed inlet manifold, and be located at middling speed intoBetween gas manifold and high speed inlet manifold, locking ring two closes low speed inlet manifold, and fresh air is by inlet manifold, middling speed air inletManifold, air inlet mixed flow chamber and air intake branch enter combustion chamber；Since middling speed inlet manifold has two, and itself and air inlet mixed flow chamber itBetween slender pipeline path it is shorter, matched with the spark rate of air inflow and engine, reach preferable air inlet rhythm and air inletEffect.
Internal combustion engine heavy-duty service, control of the air inflow of inlet manifold by the air inflows damping arrangement such as air throttle, intoThe stream pressure of gas inlet manifold is larger, and air rammer is displaced downwardly to the lower section of high speed inlet manifold, locking ring one close low speed intoGas manifold, locking ring two close middling speed inlet manifold, fresh air by inlet manifold, high speed inlet manifold, air inlet mixed flow chamber andAir intake branch enters combustion chamber；Since high speed inlet manifold has four, and its slender pipeline path between air inlet mixed flow chamberIt is very short, it is matched with the spark rate of air inflow and engine, reaches preferable air inlet rhythm and air inlet effect.
Reset spring one is used to resist with admission pressure, for adjusting position of the air rammer in inlet manifold.
By above structure, not only may be implemented the factors such as induction pathway, air inflow, air inlet frequency, admission pressure with it is interiorThe actual conditions of combustion engine precisely match, and the judgement of its detection for being not relying on electronic induction equipment and program, almost by machineTool structure is realized, structure is not only simplified, moreover, its stability, reliability, maintenance period etc. are optimized.
When air inflow increases, air rammer is moved down, and when air inflow reduces, air rammer is moved up, and air inflow is by small increaseWhen, just admission pressure is needed to increase, air rammer moves down the demand for realizing air pressure increase, when air inflow is by reducing greatly, justAdmission pressure is needed slightly to subtract well, air rammer moves up the demand for realizing air pressure weakening；In conclusion the shifting of air rammerIt is dynamic, it can eliminate in air inflow change procedure, during especially air inflow changes greatly in a short time, in admission lineResponse delay caused by flow inertance keeps the control of air inflow more accurate.
In the present solution, the quantity of low speed inlet manifold, middling speed inlet manifold and high speed inlet manifold be limited to respectively one,Two and four, be each inlet manifold caliber it is equal, and under the premise of its bending degree is similar, primarily to preferablyIts effect of solution degree and principle, it is above-mentioned in the hope of reaching by the way that manifold quantity, manifold shapes, manifold caliber are adaptively adjustedPurpose and as a result, belonging to conventional arrangement.
In a kind of above-mentioned IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, the exhaust branch pipe connects a function pipe, and the function pipe is insertedIt is located in exhaust gas intermediate tube, a waste gas outlet one is offered in the bottom sidewall of the exhaust gas intermediate tube；The air rammer positionWhen between low speed inlet manifold and middling speed inlet manifold, the tube wall of the upper end of the function pipe is located under waste gas outlet oneSide, and exhaust gas intermediate tube can be made to be connected with inlet manifold.
The discharge path of exhaust gas can make the waste heat of exhaust gas to the sky of air inlet in inlet manifold and air inlet mixed flow chamberGas is preheated, and the higher purpose of heat utilization efficiency is reached.
When internal combustion engine is in low speed operation, efficiency of combustion is lower, there are more incendivity ingredient in exhaust gas, thisWhen, for air rammer between low speed inlet manifold and middling speed inlet manifold, the tube wall of the upper end of function pipe is located at waste gas outletOne lower section, and exhaust gas intermediate tube can be made to be connected with inlet manifold, make portion by the effect of air-intake negative-pressure and given upThe effect of gas discharge pressure enters inlet manifold, enters in air inlet mixed flow chamber from low speed inlet manifold, to be again introduced into burningRoom recycles exhaust gas under the state, the driving states of corresponding automobile are as follows: idling, low speed and starting state.
In a kind of above-mentioned IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, one is fixedly installed on the tube wall of the bottom of the function pipeSupport ring is arranged and slidably connects a support base on the function pipe, reset bullet is connected between the bracing ring and support baseOne end of spring two, the reset spring one is connected with support base, and the other end of the reset spring one is connected with air rammer.
In a kind of above-mentioned IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, locking ring three, the function are fixedly installed on the support baseWaste gas outlet two is offered on the side wall of the bottom of energy pipe；When the bracing ring is close to support base, the locking ring three can be beatenWaste gas outlet two is opened, and function pipe is made to be connected with air inlet mixed flow chamber.
Under anxious acceleration mode, remaining incendivity ingredient is also more in exhaust gas, in order under the driving states, to exhaust gas intoRow recycles, and locking ring three is arranged, and when suddenly accelerating, air inflow increases suddenly, and air pressure increases with it, and acts on air rammer,Air rammer impact force compresses reset spring one and reset spring two, and since locking ring one and locking ring two are pneumatically being livedDuring plug is mobile suddenly, there are the of short duration winks that low speed inlet manifold, middling speed inlet manifold and high speed inlet manifold blockBetween, which also increases the impact force of air rammer, and locking ring three is opened useless because the compression two of reset spring two is mobileGas outlet two, enables exhaust gas to be directly entered air inlet mixed flow chamber by waste gas outlet two, so that insufficient gas that makes to burn is quickIt is burnt again into combustion chamber.
In a kind of above-mentioned IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, between the locking ring one and the tube wall of exhaust gas intermediate tube, sealIt is connected by several disc between lock ring two and the tube wall of exhaust gas intermediate tube, the inner end of the disc is connected with axle sleeve, describedIt is connected between axle sleeve and the outer wall of exhaust gas intermediate tube by bearing.
Under anxious acceleration mode, since air rammer is rapidly mobile to air inlet mixed flow cavity direction, it is capable of increasing admission pressure, is madePortion and fresh air can rapidly enter in combustion chamber, to cooperate the air inlet demand under the state.
In a kind of above-mentioned IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, where the disc between plane and the axis of exhaust gas intermediate tubeWith inclination angle, enable charge air flow that locking ring one and locking ring two to be driven to rotate on the tube wall of inlet manifold.
Air-flow in inlet manifold can drive locking ring one and locking ring two to slide on the tube wall of inlet manifold, addThere is axial movement in locking ring one and locking ring two, enable inlet manifold by automatic desludging, also ensure locking ring one and envelopeThe even wearing of lock ring two.
In a kind of above-mentioned IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system, pass through several supports between the locking ring three and support baseBar is connected.
In the application, only describe a kind of internal combustion engine may be implemented exhaust gas recycle, air inflow control, admission pressure controlThe principle of the purpose of processed, what those skilled in the art can be easy learns: by the way that more inlet manifold are arranged, making air inletThe gear of amount increases, to improve control precision, the i.e. protection scope that this kind of mode is also the application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of this air inlet system and exhaust system under low speed air-suction state.
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of this air inlet system and exhaust system under high speed air-suction state.
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram of this air inlet system and exhaust system under air inflow suddenly enlarging state.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of part A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of part B in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of Local C in Fig. 1.
In figure, 11, inlet manifold；12, air inlet mixed flow chamber；13, air intake branch；21, exhaust main；22, exhaust branch pipe；23, exhaust gas intermediate tube；24, function pipe；25, waste gas outlet one；26, waste gas outlet two；27, support rod；31, low speed air inlet discriminationPipe；32, middling speed inlet manifold；33, high speed inlet manifold；34, air rammer；35, locking ring one；36, locking ring two；37, multiplePosition spring one；38, disc；39, axle sleeve；41, bracing ring；42, support base；43, reset spring two；44, locking ring three.
Specific embodiment
Following is a specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described,However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, IC engine air-inlet-exhaust system include inlet manifold 11, exhaust main 21, exhaust branch pipe 22,Air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 and air intake branch 13 are connected with a low speed air inlet between the tube wall and air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 of inlet manifold 1131, two middling speed inlet manifold 32 of manifold and four high speed inlet manifold 33, low speed inlet manifold 31 is close to inlet manifold's 11Arrival end, high speed inlet manifold 33 slidably connect an air rammer 34 in air inlet mixed flow chamber 12, inlet manifold 11, pneumaticallyPiston 34 connects a hollow exhaust gas intermediate tube 23, and locking ring 1 is provided on the tube wall of exhaust gas intermediate tube 23 and is located at blockLocking ring 2 36 between ring 1 and air rammer 34；Between axial direction between low speed inlet manifold 31 and middling speed inlet manifold 32Away from, low speed inlet manifold 31 and middling speed inlet manifold equal with the axial spacing of high speed inlet manifold 33 with middling speed inlet manifold 32Spacing between axial spacing between 32 and locking ring 1 and locking ring 2 36 is equal；The tube wall of inlet manifold 11 and pneumaticThe reset spring 1 for driving air rammer 34 mobile to the direction of low speed inlet manifold 31 is connected between piston 34；RowGas branch pipe 22 is connected by exhaust gas intermediate tube 23 with exhaust main 21.
As shown in Figure 1, internal combustion engine underrun, the air inflow of inlet manifold 11 is set by the restraining of the air inflows such as air throttleThe stream pressure of standby control, air inlet inlet manifold 11 is smaller, and air rammer 34 is displaced downwardly to the lower section of low speed inlet manifold 31, andBetween low speed inlet manifold 31 and middling speed inlet manifold 32, fresh air by inlet manifold 11, low speed inlet manifold 31, intoGas mixed flow chamber 12 and air intake branch 13 enter combustion chamber；Since low speed inlet manifold 31 only has one, and itself and air inlet mixed flow chamberSlender pipeline path between 12 is longer, matches with the spark rate of air inflow and engine, reach preferable air inlet rhythm andAir inlet effect.
Internal combustion engine moderate-duty service, control of the air inflow of inlet manifold 11 by the air inflows damping arrangement such as air throttleSystem, the stream pressure of air inlet inlet manifold 11 increase, and air rammer 34 is displaced downwardly to the lower section of middling speed inlet manifold 32, and positionBetween middling speed inlet manifold 32 and high speed inlet manifold 33, locking ring 2 36 close low speed inlet manifold 31, fresh air byInlet manifold 11, middling speed inlet manifold 32, air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 and air intake branch 13 enter combustion chamber；Due to middling speed inlet manifold32 have two, and its slender pipeline path between air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 is shorter, the spark rate with air inflow and engineMatching, reaches preferable air inlet rhythm and air inlet effect.
As shown in Fig. 2, internal combustion engine heavy-duty service, the air inflow of inlet manifold 11 is set by the restraining of the air inflows such as air throttleThe stream pressure of standby control, air inlet inlet manifold 11 is larger, and air rammer 34 is displaced downwardly to the lower section of high speed inlet manifold 33, envelopeLock ring 1 close low speed inlet manifold 31, locking ring 2 36 close middling speed inlet manifold 32, fresh air by inlet manifold 11,High speed inlet manifold 33, air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 and air intake branch 13 enter combustion chamber；Since high speed inlet manifold 33 has four, andIts slender pipeline path between air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 is very short, matches with the spark rate of air inflow and engine, reach compared withGood air inlet rhythm and air inlet effect.
Reset spring 1 is used to resist with admission pressure, for adjusting position of the air rammer 34 in inlet manifold 11It sets.
By above structure, not only may be implemented the factors such as induction pathway, air inflow, air inlet frequency, admission pressure with it is interiorThe actual conditions of combustion engine precisely match, and the judgement of its detection for being not relying on electronic induction equipment and program, almost by machineTool structure is realized, structure is not only simplified, moreover, its stability, reliability, maintenance period etc. are optimized.
When air inflow increases, air rammer 34 is moved down, and when air inflow reduces, air rammer 34 is moved up, and air inflow is by smallWhen increase, just admission pressure is needed to increase, air rammer 34 moves down the demand for realizing air pressure increase, and air inflow is by reducing greatlyWhen, just admission pressure is needed slightly to subtract, air rammer 34 moves up the demand for realizing air pressure weakening；To sum up, air rammer 34Movement, can eliminate in air inflow change procedure, during especially air inflow changes greatly in a short time, air inlet pipeResponse delay caused by road interior air-flow inertia, keeps the control of air inflow more accurate.
In the present solution, the quantity of low speed inlet manifold 31, middling speed inlet manifold 32 and high speed inlet manifold 33 limits respectivelyBe one, two and four, be each inlet manifold caliber it is equal, and under the premise of its bending degree is similar, be mainlyIts effect of better solution degree and principle, by the way that manifold quantity, manifold shapes, manifold caliber are adaptively adjusted, in the hope ofReach above-mentioned purpose and as a result, belonging to conventional arrangement.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, exhaust branch pipe 22 connects a function pipe 24, and function pipe 24 is plugged in exhaust gas intermediate tube 23,A waste gas outlet 1 is offered in the bottom sidewall of exhaust gas intermediate tube 23；Air rammer 34 is located at low speed inlet manifold 31 inWhen between fast inlet manifold 32, the tube wall of the upper end of function pipe 24 is located at the lower section of waste gas outlet 1, and can make in exhaust gasBetween pipe 23 be connected with inlet manifold 11.
The discharge path of exhaust gas can make the waste heat of exhaust gas to air inlet in inlet manifold 11 and air inlet mixed flow chamber 12Air preheated, reach the higher purpose of heat utilization efficiency.
When internal combustion engine is in low speed operation, efficiency of combustion is lower, there are more incendivity ingredient in exhaust gas, thisWhen, between low speed inlet manifold 31 and middling speed inlet manifold 32, the tube wall of the upper end of function pipe 24 is located at air rammer 34The lower section of waste gas outlet 1, and exhaust gas intermediate tube 23 can be made to be connected with inlet manifold 11, make portion by air inletThe effect of negative pressure and the effect of exhaust gas discharge pressure enter inlet manifold 11, enter air inlet mixed flow chamber 12 from low speed inlet manifold 31It is interior, to be again introduced into combustion chamber, recycle exhaust gas under the state, the driving states of corresponding automobile are as follows: idling, low speed and to openDynamic state.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, a bracing ring 41 is fixedly installed on the tube wall of the bottom of function pipe 24, on function pipe 24It is arranged and is slidably connected a support base 42, reset spring 2 43, reset spring are connected between bracing ring 41 and support base 42One 37 one end is connected with support base 42, and the other end of reset spring 1 is connected with air rammer 34.
It is fixedly installed locking ring 3 44 on support base 42, waste gas outlet two is offered on the side wall of the bottom of function pipe 2426；When bracing ring 41 is close to support base 42, locking ring 3 44 can open waste gas outlet 2 26, and keep function pipe 24 and air inlet mixedStream chamber 12 is connected.
Under anxious acceleration mode, remaining incendivity ingredient is also more in exhaust gas, in order under the driving states, to exhaust gas intoRow recycles, and locking ring 3 44 is arranged, when suddenly accelerating, air inflow increases suddenly, and air pressure increases with it, and acts on air rammer 34On, 34 impact force of air rammer compresses reset spring 1 and reset spring 2 43, and due to locking ring 1 and blockRing 2 36 during air rammer 34 is mobile suddenly, there are low speed inlet manifold 31, middling speed inlet manifold 32 and high speed intoThe brief moment that gas manifold 33 blocks, the moment also increase the impact force of air rammer 34, and locking ring 3 44 is because resetThe compression two of spring 2 43 is mobile, opens waste gas outlet 2 26, so that exhaust gas is directly entered air inlet by waste gas outlet 2 26 and mixChamber 12 is flowed, so that insufficient gas that makes to burn rapidly enters combustion chamber and burnt again.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, between locking ring 1 and the tube wall of exhaust gas intermediate tube 23, in locking ring 2 36 and exhaust gasBetween pipe 23 tube wall between be connected by several disc 38, the inner end of disc 38 is connected with axle sleeve 39, in axle sleeve 39 and exhaust gasBetween pipe 23 outer wall between by bearing be connected.
Under anxious acceleration mode, since air rammer 34 is rapidly mobile to 12 direction of air inlet mixed flow chamber, it is capable of increasing air inlet pressurePower enables portion and fresh air to rapidly enter in combustion chamber, to cooperate the air inlet demand under the state.
There is inclination angle between 38 place plane of disc and the axis of exhaust gas intermediate tube 23, charge air flow is enable to drive blockRing 1 and locking ring 2 36 rotate on the tube wall of inlet manifold 11.
Air-flow in inlet manifold 11 can drive locking ring 1 and locking ring 2 36 sliding on the tube wall of inlet manifold 11It is dynamic, along with locking ring 1 and locking ring 2 36 have axial movement, enables inlet manifold 11 by automatic desludging, also ensure thatThe even wearing of locking ring 1 and locking ring 2 36.
It is connected by several support rods 27 between locking ring 3 44 and support base 42.In the application, one is only describedThe principle for the purpose of exhaust gas recycles, air inflow controls, admission pressure control, those skilled in the art may be implemented in kind internal combustion engineCan be easy learn: by the way that more inlet manifold are arranged, increase the gear of air inflow, it is accurate to improve controlDegree, the i.e. protection scope that this kind of mode is also the application.
It should be understood that dotted arrow indicates the circulation path of fresh air, solid line in attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3The circulation path of arrow expression exhaust gas.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present inventionThe technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar methodIn generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.