CN109217776B - A heating method, device and frequency converter for a motor - Google Patents
A heating method, device and frequency converter for a motorDownload PDFInfo
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- CN109217776B CN109217776BCN201811135624.9ACN201811135624ACN109217776BCN 109217776 BCN109217776 BCN 109217776BCN 201811135624 ACN201811135624 ACN 201811135624ACN 109217776 BCN109217776 BCN 109217776B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/62—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive for raising the temperature of the motor
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/048—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using AC supply for only the rotor circuit or only the stator circuit
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本申请涉及电机控制技术领域，尤其涉及一种电机的加热方法、装置及变频器。The present application relates to the technical field of motor control, and in particular, to a heating method, device and frequency converter for a motor.
背景技术Background technique
汽车等设备中的空调系统在环境温度为零下30～40℃时，压缩机润滑油就会凝固，冷却介质变成液态，此时若突然启动空调系统，会导致电机的负载很重，电机无法顺利启动。为了使得电机能够顺利启动，一般需要先对电机进行加热，使得冷却介质汽化，压缩机润滑油解冻，然后再启动空调系统。When the ambient temperature of the air-conditioning system in automobiles and other equipment is minus 30 to 40 °C, the compressor lubricant will solidify and the cooling medium will become liquid. If the air-conditioning system is suddenly started at this time, the motor will be heavily loaded, and the motor will not be able to Launched smoothly. In order to enable the motor to start smoothly, it is generally necessary to heat the motor first to vaporize the cooling medium, thaw the compressor lubricating oil, and then start the air conditioning system.
目前对电机进行加热的方法主要是向电机注入直流电流，利用电机的定子绕组的铜损和铁损来对电机进行加热。然而，由于电机的定子绕组的铜损和铁损只占了电机功率很少的一部分，加热功率很小，加热速度很慢。At present, the method of heating a motor is mainly to inject a DC current into the motor, and use the copper loss and iron loss of the stator winding of the motor to heat the motor. However, since the copper loss and iron loss of the stator winding of the motor only account for a small part of the motor power, the heating power is very small and the heating speed is very slow.
因此，如何快速地对电机进行加热成为亟待解决的技术问题。Therefore, how to quickly heat the motor has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本申请提供了一种电机的加热方法、装置及变频器，以提高电机的加热速度。The present application provides a heating method, device and frequency converter for a motor to improve the heating speed of the motor.
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电机的加热方法，其包括：In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for heating a motor, comprising:
获取逆变器向电机输出的高频交流电流；Obtain the high-frequency AC current output by the inverter to the motor;
基于预设计算公式，根据高频交流电流计算出实际加热功率和高频交流电流对应的实际电流幅值；Based on the preset calculation formula, calculate the actual heating power and the actual current amplitude corresponding to the high-frequency alternating current according to the high-frequency alternating current;
获取给定加热功率，并对所述给定加热功率和实际加热功率进行调节限幅处理以得到注入电流频率；Obtaining a given heating power, and performing adjustment and limit processing on the given heating power and the actual heating power to obtain the injection current frequency;
对所述注入电流频率进行积分处理以获得电压矢量角；Integrating the injected current frequency to obtain a voltage vector angle;
获取给定电流幅值，并对所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值进行调节限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值；obtaining a given current amplitude, and performing adjustment and limit processing on the given current amplitude and the actual current amplitude to obtain an adjusted voltage amplitude;
将所述电压矢量角和调节电压幅值输入至预设脉宽调制器以生成脉冲宽度调制信号；以及inputting the voltage vector angle and the adjusted voltage magnitude to a preset pulse width modulator to generate a pulse width modulated signal; and
根据所述脉冲宽度调制信号控制所述逆变器向所述电机输出高频交流电流以对所述电机进行加热。The inverter is controlled to output a high-frequency alternating current to the motor according to the pulse width modulation signal to heat the motor.
第二方面，本申请还提供一种电机的加热装置，其包括：In a second aspect, the present application also provides a heating device for a motor, comprising:
电流获取单元，用于获取逆变器向电机输出的高频交流电流；The current acquisition unit is used to acquire the high-frequency AC current output by the inverter to the motor;
计算单元，用于基于预设计算公式，根据高频交流电流计算出实际加热功率和高频交流电流对应的实际电流幅值；a calculation unit, configured to calculate the actual heating power and the actual current amplitude corresponding to the high-frequency alternating current according to the high-frequency alternating current based on a preset calculation formula;
电流频率调节单元，用于获取给定加热功率，并对所述给定加热功率和实际加热功率进行调节限幅处理以得到注入电流频率；a current frequency adjustment unit, used for obtaining a given heating power, and performing adjustment and limit processing on the given heating power and the actual heating power to obtain the injection current frequency;
矢量角获取单元，用于对所述注入电流频率进行积分处理以获得电压矢量角；A vector angle obtaining unit, configured to perform integration processing on the injected current frequency to obtain a voltage vector angle;
电压调节单元，用于获取给定电流幅值，并对所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值进行调节限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值；a voltage adjustment unit, configured to obtain a given current amplitude, and perform adjustment and limit processing on the given current amplitude and the actual current amplitude to obtain an adjusted voltage amplitude;
信号生成单元，用于将所述电压矢量角和调节电压幅值输入至预设脉宽调制器以生成脉冲宽度调制信号；以及a signal generation unit for inputting the voltage vector angle and the adjusted voltage amplitude to a preset pulse width modulator to generate a pulse width modulation signal; and
控制单元，用于根据所述脉冲宽度调制信号控制所述逆变器向所述电机输出高频交流电流以对所述电机进行加热。The control unit is configured to control the inverter to output a high-frequency alternating current to the motor according to the pulse width modulation signal to heat the motor.
第三方面，本申请又提供一种变频器，其包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现第一方面的电机的加热方法。In a third aspect, the present application further provides a frequency converter, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the computer program when the processor executes the computer program. The heating method of the motor of the first aspect.
本申请提供一种电机的加热方法、装置及变频器。该方法通过向电机输入高频交流电流，使得定子绕组中的高频交流电流及其谐波在转子中产生涡流电流，从而形成涡流损耗，释放出大量的热量以对电机进行加热，提高了电机的加热速度。同时，在向电机输入高频交流电流时，可以通过改变当前时刻的高频交流电流的大小和频率来调整加热功率，实现加热功率的可调节。The present application provides a heating method, device and frequency converter for a motor. By inputting high-frequency alternating current into the motor, the high-frequency alternating current in the stator winding and its harmonics generate eddy current in the rotor, thereby forming eddy current loss, releasing a large amount of heat to heat the motor, and improving the performance of the motor. heating rate. At the same time, when the high-frequency alternating current is input to the motor, the heating power can be adjusted by changing the magnitude and frequency of the high-frequency alternating current at the current moment, so as to realize the adjustable heating power.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的示意流程图；1 is a schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例中变频器控制电机加热功率的控制电路框图；FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control circuit in which the frequency converter controls the heating power of the motor in the embodiment of the application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的具体示意流程图；3 is a specific schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例中变频器控制电机加热功率的具体控制电路框图；FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a specific control circuit in which the frequency converter controls the heating power of the motor in the embodiment of the application;
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的另一具体示意流程图；5 is another specific schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例中变频器控制电机加热功率的另一具体控制电路框图；6 is a block diagram of another specific control circuit in which the frequency converter controls the heating power of the motor in the embodiment of the application;
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的具体示意流程图；7 is a specific schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的具体示意流程图；8 is a specific schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热装置的示意性框图；9 is a schematic block diagram of a heating device for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种变频器的示意性框图。FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a frequency converter according to an embodiment of the application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
应当理解，当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。It is to be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not exclude one or The presence or addition of a number of other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or sets thereof.
请参阅图1和图2，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的示意流程图，图2是本申请实施例中变频器控制电机加热功率的控制电路框图。该电机的加热方法应用于变频器中。如图1所示，该电机的加热方法包括步骤S101～S107。Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for heating a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 2 is a control circuit block diagram of a frequency converter controlling the heating power of a motor in an embodiment of the present application. The heating method of the motor is applied in the frequency converter. As shown in FIG. 1 , the heating method of the motor includes steps S101 to S107 .
S101、获取逆变器向电机输出的高频交流电流。S101. Obtain the high-frequency alternating current output by the inverter to the motor.
为了控制逆变器10向电机20输出的加热功率，需要获取当前时刻t逆变器10向电机20输出的高频交流电流it。In order to control the heating power output by the
在一实施例中，该逆变器10可以为三相脉冲宽度调制逆变器，该电机20可以为永磁同步电机、直流无刷电机。In one embodiment, the
在一实施例中，在步骤S101之前，还包括：设置给定加热功率和给定电流幅值。其中，该给定加热功率P0和给定电流幅值I0可以通过整车系统、PLC、键盘等人机交互界面进行设置，该给定电流幅值I0可以为电机20的额定电流值，当然，该给定电流幅值I0也可以由给定加热功率P0计算得到。In an embodiment, before step S101, the method further includes: setting a given heating power and a given current amplitude. Wherein, the given heating power P0 and the given current amplitude I0 can be set through human-machine interface such as the vehicle system, PLC, keyboard, etc. The given current amplitude I0 can be the rated current value of the
需要说明的是，该给定加热功率P0和给定电流幅值I0除了通过上述方式进行设置外，还可以为预先存储在变频器中的固定值。It should be noted that the given heating power P0 and the given current amplitude I0 may be fixed values pre-stored in the frequency converter in addition to being set in the above manner.
S102、基于预设计算公式，根据所述高频交流电流计算出实际加热功率和所述高频交流电流对应的实际电流幅值。S102. Based on a preset calculation formula, calculate the actual heating power and the actual current amplitude corresponding to the high-frequency alternating current according to the high-frequency alternating current.
具体地，在一实施例中，如图3和图4所示，图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的具体示意流程图，图4为本申请实施例中变频器控制电机加热功率的具体控制电路框图。该步骤S102具体包括步骤S1021和S1022。Specifically, in an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , FIG. 3 is a specific schematic flowchart of a method for heating a motor provided by an embodiment of the application, and FIG. 4 is an inverter control in an embodiment of the application. The specific control circuit block diagram of the motor heating power. This step S102 specifically includes steps S1021 and S1022.
S1021、对所述高频交流电流进行快速傅里叶变换以得到对应的实际电流幅值和电流相位角。S1021. Perform fast Fourier transform on the high-frequency alternating current to obtain a corresponding actual current amplitude and current phase angle.
S1022、基于发热功率计算公式，根据上一时刻的调节电压幅值、所述实际电流幅值和电流相位角计算出实际加热功率。S1022 , based on the heating power calculation formula, calculate the actual heating power according to the adjusted voltage amplitude at the previous moment, the actual current amplitude and the current phase angle.
在图3和图4所示的实施例中，该预设计算公式30包括快速傅里叶变换和发热功率计算公式。具体地，取高频交流电流it中的u相电流it(u)，然后对电流it(u)进行快速傅里叶变换以得到高频交流电流it对应的实际电流幅值Im和电流相位角
需要说明的是，在该实施例中，采用电压相位作为参考相位。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the voltage phase is used as the reference phase.
具体地，在另一实施例中，如图5和图6所示，图5为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的另一具体示意流程图，图6为本申请实施例中变频器控制电机加热功率的另一具体控制电路框图。在该实施例中，步骤S102具体包括步骤S1023至S1025。Specifically, in another embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , FIG. 5 is another specific schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the application, and FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the application. Another specific control circuit block diagram for the inverter to control the heating power of the motor. In this embodiment, step S102 specifically includes steps S1023 to S1025.
S1023、对所述高频交流电流进行克拉克变换以得到α分量电流和β分量电流。S1023. Perform Clark transform on the high-frequency alternating current to obtain an alpha component current and a beta component current.
S1024、根据所述α分量电流和β分量电流计算出所述高频交流电流对应的实际电流幅值。S1024. Calculate the actual current amplitude corresponding to the high-frequency alternating current according to the α component current and the β component current.
S1025、基于发热功率计算公式，根据上一时刻的调节电压幅值和电压矢量角、所述α分量电流和β分量电流计算出实际加热功率。S1025 , based on the heating power calculation formula, calculate the actual heating power according to the adjusted voltage amplitude and voltage vector angle at the previous moment, the α component current and the β component current.
在图5和图6所示的实施例中，该预设计算公式30包括克拉克变换、幅值计算公式和发热功率计算公式。具体地，取高频交流电流it中的u相电流it(u)、v相电流it(v)和w相电流it(w)，将u相电流it(u)、v相电流it(v)和w相电流it(w)进行克拉克变换以得到α分量电流it(α)和β分量电流it(β)。然后，将α分量电流it(α)和β分量电流it(β)带入如下公式(2)所示的幅值计算公式中计算得到高频交流电流it对应的实际电流幅值Im。In the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the
在图5和图6所示的实施例中，发热功率计算公式如下公式(3)所示：In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the formula for calculating the heating power is shown in the following formula (3):
P1＝1.5(Vt-1it(α)cosθt-1+Vt-1it(β)sinθt-1) (3)P1 =1.5(Vt-1 it (α)cosθt-1 +Vt-1 it (β)sinθt-1 ) (3)
为了计算实际加热功率P1，需要获取上一时刻的调节电压幅值Vt-1和电压矢量角θt-1，然后将上一时刻的调节电压幅值Vt-1和电压矢量角θt-1、以及α分量电流it(α)和β分量电流it(β)带入至上述公式(3)所示的发热功率计算公式中，以计算获取实际加热功率P1。In order to calculate the actual heating power P1 , it is necessary to obtain the adjustment voltage amplitude Vt-1 and the voltage vector angle θt-1 at the last moment, and then calculate the adjustment voltage amplitude V t-1 and the voltage vector angle θ at the last momentt-1 , and the α component current it( α) and the β component current it( β) are brought into the heating power calculation formula shown in the above formula (3) to obtain the actual heating power P1 by calculation.
S103、获取给定加热功率，并对所述给定加热功率和实际加热功率进行调节限幅处理以得到注入电流频率。S103: Acquire a given heating power, and perform adjustment and limit processing on the given heating power and the actual heating power to obtain the injection current frequency.
在步骤S102计算出实际加热功率P1后，将获取给定加热功率P0，并将对给定加热功率P0和实际加热功率P1进行调节限幅处理以得到注入电流频率F。After the actual heating power P1 is calculated in step S102, the given heating power P0 will be obtained, and the given heating power P0 and the actual heating power P1 will be adjusted and limited to obtain the injection current frequency F.
具体地，在一实施例中，如图7所示，图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的具体示意流程图，该步骤S103中的对给定加热功率和实际加热功率进行调节限幅处理以得到注入电流频率，具体包括步骤S1031和S1032。Specifically, in an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 is a specific schematic flow chart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application. In this step S103, the given heating power and the actual heating power are compared Performing adjustment and limiting processing to obtain the injection current frequency, which specifically includes steps S1031 and S1032.
S1031、将所述给定加热功率和实际加热功率依次输入至第一减法器和第一PI调节器以得到参考电流频率。S1031. Input the given heating power and the actual heating power to the first subtractor and the first PI regulator in sequence to obtain the reference current frequency.
S1032、对所述参考电流频率进行限幅处理以得到注入电流频率。S1032. Perform amplitude limiting processing on the reference current frequency to obtain the injection current frequency.
如图2所示，将给定加热功率P0和实际加热功率P1依次输入至第一减法器40和第一PI调节器50，从而得到参考电流频率Fref。然后，再通过第一限幅器60对参考电流频率Fref进行限幅处理以得到注入电流频率F。具体地，对参考电流频率Fref进行限幅处理以得到0.5kHz至2kHz范围内的注入电流频率F。As shown in FIG. 2 , the given heating power P0 and the actual heating power P1 are sequentially input to the
S104、对所述注入电流频率进行积分处理以获得电压矢量角。S104. Integrate the injection current frequency to obtain a voltage vector angle.
如图2所示，在获得注入电流频率F后，将通过积分器70对注入电流频率F进行积分处理，从而获得电压矢量角θ。该电压矢量角θ将作为预设脉宽调制器80的一个输入参数，以便于预设脉宽调制器80后续可以生成脉冲宽度调制信号。As shown in FIG. 2 , after the injection current frequency F is obtained, the injection current frequency F will be integrated by the
S105、获取给定电流幅值，并对所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值进行调节限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值。S105: Acquire a given current amplitude, and perform adjustment and amplitude limiting processing on the given current amplitude and the actual current amplitude to obtain an adjusted voltage amplitude.
具体地，在一实施例中，如图8所示，图8为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热方法的具体示意流程图，该步骤S105中的对所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值进行调节限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值，具体包括S1051和S1052。Specifically, in an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 , FIG. 8 is a specific schematic flowchart of a heating method for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application. In step S105 , the given current amplitude and The actual current amplitude is adjusted and limited to obtain the adjusted voltage amplitude, which specifically includes S1051 and S1052.
S1051、将所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值依次输入至第二减法器和第二PI调节器以得到参考电压幅值。S1051. Input the given current amplitude and the actual current amplitude to the second subtractor and the second PI regulator in sequence to obtain the reference voltage amplitude.
S1052、对所述参考电压幅值进行限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值。S1052. Perform amplitude limiting processing on the reference voltage amplitude to obtain an adjusted voltage amplitude.
如图2所示，将给定电流幅值I0和步骤S102计算的实际电流幅值Im依次输入至第二减法器90和第二PI调节器100，以得到参考电压幅值Vref，然后，再通过第二限幅器110对参考电压幅值Vref进行限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值V。该调节电压幅值V将作为预设脉宽调制器80的另一个输入参数，以便于预设脉宽调制器80后续可以生成脉冲宽度调制信号。As shown in FIG. 2 , the given current amplitude I0 and the actual current amplitudeIm calculated in step S102 are sequentially input to the
S106、将所述电压矢量角和调节电压幅值输入至预设脉宽调制器以生成脉冲宽度调制信号。S106. Input the voltage vector angle and the adjusted voltage amplitude to a preset pulse width modulator to generate a pulse width modulation signal.
在通过步骤S104和S105分别获得电压矢量角θ和调节电压幅值V后，将电压矢量角θ和调节电压幅值V输入至预设脉宽调制器80中，以使得预设脉宽调制器80根据电压矢量角θ和调节电压幅值V生成脉冲宽度调制信号。After the voltage vector angle θ and the adjusted voltage amplitude V are obtained through steps S104 and S105, respectively, the voltage vector angle θ and the adjusted voltage amplitude V are input into the preset
在一实施例中，该预设脉宽调制器80可以为空间矢量脉宽调制(英文全称：SpaceVectorPulse Width Modulation，简称：SVPWM)器，也可以为正弦脉宽调制(英文全称：Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation，简称：SPWM)器，在此不对预设脉宽调制器80做限制。In one embodiment, the preset
S107、根据所述脉冲宽度调制信号控制所述逆变器向所述电机输出高频交流电流以对所述电机进行加热。S107. Control the inverter to output a high-frequency alternating current to the motor according to the pulse width modulation signal to heat the motor.
在生成脉冲宽度调制信号后，将根据脉冲宽度调制信号控制逆变器10向电机20输出相应的高频交流电流it+1，使得电机20因失步而进入堵转状态。具体地，根据脉冲宽度调制信号控制逆变器10将直流母线电压Udc调制成高频交流电流it+1，并将高频交流电流it+1输入至电机20的定子绕组，使得电机20因失步而进入堵转状态，该高频交流电流及其谐波在电机20的转子中产生涡流电流，从而形成涡流损耗，释放出大量的热量以对电机20进行加热，提高电机20的加热速度。After the pulse width modulation signal is generated, the
可以理解的是，在采用本申请的电机的加热方法对电机20进行加热时，第一次获取的逆变器10向电机20输出的高频交流电流的值为0，在依次经过步骤S101至S107等步骤的循环调节后，逆变器10向电机20输出的高频交流电流的值变为非零值，且逐渐趋近于给定电流幅值。It can be understood that, when the
本实施例中的电机的加热方法，不但可以提高电机20的加热速度，还通过功率闭环调节来实现加热功率的可调节。同时，采用该加热方法，无论电机20从正常旋转带载情况切换到采用该加热方法对电机20进行加热的模式，还是采用该加热方法对电机20进行加热的过程中，逆变器10的载波频率都可以采用其正常运行时的载波频率，不需要进行载波频率的切换。The heating method of the motor in this embodiment can not only improve the heating speed of the
请参阅图9，图9为本申请实施例提供的一种电机的加热装置的示意性框图。该电机的加热装置200应用于变频器中。该电机的加热装置200包括电流获取单元201、计算单元202、电流频率调节单元203、矢量角获取单元204、电压调节单元205、信号生成单元206和控制单元207。Please refer to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a heating device for a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application. The
电流获取单元201，用于获取逆变器向电机输出的高频交流电流。The
计算单元202，用于基于预设计算公式，根据所述高频交流电流计算出实际加热功率和所述高频交流电流对应的实际电流幅值。The
在一实施例中，该计算单元202具体用于对所述高频交流电流进行快速傅里叶变换以得到对应的实际电流幅值和电流相位角；以及基于发热功率计算公式，根据上一时刻的调节电压幅值、所述实际电流幅值和电流相位角计算出实际加热功率。In one embodiment, the
在另一实施例中，该计算单元202具体用于对所述高频交流电流进行克拉克变换以得到α分量电流和β分量电流；根据所述α分量电流和β分量电流计算出所述高频交流电流对应的实际电流幅值；以及基于发热功率计算公式，根据上一时刻的调节电压幅值和电压矢量角、所述α分量电流和β分量电流计算出实际加热功率。In another embodiment, the calculating
电流频率调节单元203，用于获取给定加热功率，并对所述给定加热功率和实际加热功率进行调节限幅处理以得到注入电流频率。The current
在一实施例中，该电流频率调节单元203在进行调节限幅处理时，具体用于将所述给定加热功率和实际加热功率依次输入至第一减法器和第一PI调节器以得到参考电流频率；以及对所述参考电流频率进行限幅处理以得到注入电流频率。In one embodiment, when the current
进一步地，该电流频率调节单元203在进行限幅处理时，具体用于对所述参考电流频率进行限幅处理以得到0.5kHz至2kHz范围内的注入电流频率。Further, when the current
矢量角获取单元204，用于对所述注入电流频率进行积分处理以获得电压矢量角。The vector
电压调节单元205，用于获取给定电流幅值，并对所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值进行调节限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值。The
在一实施例中，该电压调节单元205在进行调节限幅处理时，具体用于将所述给定电流幅值和实际电流幅值依次输入至第二减法器和第二PI调节器以得到参考电压幅值；以及对所述参考电压幅值进行限幅处理以得到调节电压幅值。In one embodiment, when the
信号生成单元206，用于将所述电压矢量角和调节电压幅值输入至预设脉宽调制器以生成脉冲宽度调制信号。The
在一实施例中，该预设脉宽调制器可以为空间矢量脉宽调制(英文全称：SpaceVector Pulse Width Modulation，简称：SVPWM)器，也可以为正弦脉宽调制(英文全称：Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation，简称：SPWM)器，在此不对预设脉宽调制器做限制。In one embodiment, the preset pulse width modulator may be a space vector pulse width modulator (full name in English: SpaceVector Pulse Width Modulation, abbreviated as: SVPWM), or may be a sinusoidal pulse width modulation (full name in English: Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) , referred to as: SPWM) device, here does not limit the preset pulse width modulator.
控制单元207，用于根据所述脉冲宽度调制信号控制所述逆变器向所述电机输出高频交流电流以对所述电机进行加热。The
在一实施例中，该逆变器包括三相脉冲宽度调制逆变器，该电机包括永磁同步电机、直流无刷电机。In one embodiment, the inverter includes a three-phase pulse width modulation inverter, and the motor includes a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a DC brushless motor.
需要说明的是，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的电机的加热装置200和各单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述电机的加热方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, for the specific working process of the
本实施例中的电机的加热装置200，不但可以提高电机的加热速度，还通过功率闭环调节来实现加热功率的可调节。The
请参阅图10，图10为本申请实施例提供的一种变频器的示意性框图。该变频器300包括处理器301、存储器302以及存储在存储器302上并可在处理器301上运行的计算机程序3021，该处理器301执行该计算机程序3021时可以实现本申请上述实施例中任意一种电机的加热方法。由于前面已经对本申请的电机的加热方法做了详细地介绍，为了说明书的简洁性，在此不再赘述。Please refer to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a frequency converter according to an embodiment of the present application. The
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. Interchangeability, the above description has generally described the components and steps of each example in terms of function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的。例如，各个单元的划分仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
本申请实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。本申请实施例装置中的单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application may be adjusted, combined and deleted in sequence according to actual needs. Units in the apparatus of the embodiment of the present application may be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalents within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. Modifications or substitutions shall be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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| 压缩机电机绕组预热的可行性实验研究;黄焕文 等;《第十二届全国电冰箱（柜）、空调器及压缩机学术交流大会论文集》;20141130;正文第26-29页* |
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| CN109217776A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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