CN109193128A - A kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna of open boundary - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种开放边界的宽带圆极化Vivaldi天线，包括金属地板、两个馈电结构和四个天线单元，四个天线单元关于金属地板的中心呈中心对称放置在金属地板顶面，两个馈电结构设置在金属地板上，两个馈电结构通过过桥正交，每个馈电结构连接两个相对立的天线单元；所述天线单元采用金属辐射片，四个金属辐射片内侧壁朝向金属地板的中心轴线，相对立的两个金属辐射片的内侧壁的间距呈指数形渐变的向上开口，根部向外侧壁设有巴伦，所述巴伦采用“刀状”结构。本发明采用金属结构，较为牢靠；通过切换90度移相超前或滞后，实现可左旋圆极化端口和右旋圆极化端口相互切换；相位中心稳定。

The invention discloses a wide-band circularly polarized Vivaldi antenna with an open boundary, comprising a metal floor, two feeding structures and four antenna units. The four antenna units are symmetrically placed on the top surface of the metal floor with respect to the center of the metal floor. Two feed structures are arranged on the metal floor, the two feed structures are orthogonal through bridges, and each feed structure is connected to two opposite antenna units; the antenna units use metal radiating sheets, four metal radiating sheets The inner side wall faces the central axis of the metal floor, the distance between the inner side walls of the two opposite metal radiating sheets is an exponentially-gradient upward opening, and the outer side walls of the roots are provided with baluns, and the baluns adopt a "knife-like" structure. The invention adopts metal structure, which is relatively reliable; by switching 90-degree phase shift lead or lag, the left-handed circularly polarized port and the right-handed circularly polarized port can be switched to each other; the phase center is stable.

Description

A kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna of open boundary

Technical field

The invention belongs to antenna technical fields, and in particular to a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna of open boundary.

Background technique

Gradual change slot antenna is a kind of typical surface wave end-on-fire antenna, it is by the tapered slot being etched on dielectric-slabRealize Slow-wave effect, and line of rabbet joint radiation energy during transmitting electromagnetic wave by gradually opening.Gradual change slot antenna is logicalIt is often that several wavelength are long, and slot opens up into a wavelength or bigger width, without resonance structure mismachining tolerance to antenna workWorking frequency and radiance influence little.Gradual change slot antenna has stable antenna pattern and radiation gain in broadbandThe advantages that, it is widely used in the fields such as ultra-wideband communications, ultra-wideband imaging.

Patent (CN203826551U) discloses a kind of Vivaldi printed antenna of ultra wideband dual polarization characteristic, and antenna hasMutually orthogonal dielectric-slab printed on both sides metal plate is constituted, and exponential fade metal patch has equally spaced comb teeth-shaped grid, howeverThe technical solution is firm to antenna structure not to have relevant design and and not formed circular polarization radiation.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antennas of open boundary, solve existing skillArt cannot achieve the problem of left-handed and right-handed circular polarization switching.

The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna of open boundary, packetMetal floor, four antenna elements and two feed structures are included, four antenna elements are in center pair about the center of metal floorTitle is placed on metal floor top surface, and two feed structures are arranged on metal floor, and two feed structures are orthogonal by passing a bridge, oftenA feed structure connects two opposed antenna elements；The antenna element uses metal radiation piece, four metal radiation piecesCentral axis of the inner sidewall towards metal floor, the spacing exponentially shape gradual change of the inner sidewall of opposed two metal radiation piecesUpward opening, the outside side wall in root is equipped with balun, and the balun uses " knife-like " structure.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) metal structure is used, it is more firm；(2) pass through switching90 degree of phase shifts are advanced or lag, realization can left-hand circular polarization port and right-handed circular polarization port mutually switch；(3) phase center is steadyIt is fixed.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna assumption diagram of open boundary of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna standing wave pattern of open boundary of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna gain pattern of open boundary of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna directional diagram at 1GHz of open boundary of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a kind of directional diagram of the broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna of open boundary of the invention at 3.2GHz.

Specific embodiment

Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna of open boundary, including 3, two feed knots of metal floorStructure 2 and four antenna elements 1, four antenna elements 1 are centrosymmetric about the center of metal floor 3 and are placed on metal floor 3Top surface, two feed structures 2 are arranged on metal floor 3, and two feed structures 2 are orthogonal by passing a bridge, and each feed structure 2 connectsTwo opposed antenna elements 1 are connect, antenna element 1 is powered.The use of the antenna element 1 metal radiation piece, fourCentral axis of the metal radiation piece inner sidewall towards metal floor 3, the spacing of the inner sidewall of opposed two metal radiation piecesThe exponentially upward opening of shape gradual change, the outside side wall in root are equipped with balun, and the balun uses " knife-like " structure, realize impedanceMatch.

The inner sidewall of the metal radiation piece of the antenna element 1 is exposure, and the balun of lateral wall is a quarterCircular arc is thereon a common curve.

Reference frame is as follows: x-axis, y-axis are parallel with metal floor 3, and z-axis forward direction is directed toward metal at the top of antenna element 1Floor 3；Coordinate origin is located at the center at the top of four metal radiation pieces；

Transition line parametric equation are as follows:

X1 (x)=x+b (O≤x≤L) (1)

Z1 (x)=ae^ρ(L-x)(O≤x≤L) (2)

Curve parametric equation are as follows:

Wherein, b be width, the L of four 1 bottommosts of antenna element be antenna length, a is amplitude constant, ρ is exponential fadeRate, r₁For curve transverse direction constant, r₂For curve buckling constant.

The metal floor 3 be it is rectangular, the orthographic projection of four antenna elements 1 is fallen in metal floor 3.

Feeding classification is as follows: it is fed by a feed structure 2 to wherein opposed two antenna elements 1, another2 phase of feed structure differs 90 ° with first feed structure 2, feeds to remaining opposed two antenna elements 1,Form circular polarisation.

Embodiment 1

In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of broadband circle polarized Vivaldi antenna of open boundary, including 3, four antenna lists of metal floorMember 1 and two feed structures 2, four antenna elements 1 are placed on top side and are centrosymmetric structure, four daysLine unit 1, surface profile are made of a quarter circle curve, general curve, exposure, four antenna elements1 opposed antenna element spacing is 8mm, and four antenna elements 1 are identical structure.Described two feed structures2 are fed by 100 ohm coaxial lines, described two feed structures 2 be it is mutually orthogonal, have that certain altitude is poor, feed of phase differenceTo antenna element 1.The metal floor 3 is located at lower side, is square, having a size of 350mm*350mm*6mm.

Advantages of the present invention can be further illustrated by analogous diagram:

It is illustrated in figure 2 voltage standing wave ratio simulation curve figure, it can be seen that working band of the voltage standing wave ratio less than 2 is 1~3.2GHz illustrates that the present invention has good impedance bandwidth characteristic.

It is illustrated in figure 3 antenna gain simulation result curve graph, gain is minimum 6dB in 1~3.2GHz frequency band, mostA height of 10dB, another rotation direction are -27dB and -8dB.Then illustrate that the present invention has good radiation characteristic and polarization isolation.

Antenna is illustrated in figure 4 in 1GHz two-dimensional simulation result curve figure, half-power width is 100 degree.

Antenna is illustrated in figure 5 in 3.2GHz two-dimensional simulation result curve figure, half-power width is 33 degree.

In conclusion a kind of broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna structure of open boundary of the present invention is firm, low, band is lostIt is wide, radiation efficiency is high, be highly suitable for modern wireless communication systems.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna of open boundary, including metal floor (3), four antenna elements (1) and twoA feed structure (2), it is characterised in that: four antenna elements (1) are centrosymmetric about the center of metal floor (3) and are placed onMetal floor (3) top surface, two feed structures (2) are arranged on metal floor (3), and two feed structures (2) are by passing a bridge justIt hands over, each feed structure (2) connects two opposed antenna elements (1)；The antenna element (1) uses metal radiation piece,Central axis of four metal radiation piece inner sidewalls towards metal floor (3), the inner sidewall of opposed two metal radiation piecesSpacing exponentially shape gradual change upward opening, the outside side wall in root is equipped with balun, and the balun uses " knife-like " structure.

2. the broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna of open boundary according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the antennaThe inner sidewall of the metal radiation piece of unit (1) is exposure, and lateral wall is followed successively by quarter circular arc and one from bottom to topCurve；

Reference frame is as follows: x-axis, y-axis are parallel with metal floor (3), and z-axis forward direction is directed toward metal at the top of antenna element (1)Floor (3)；Coordinate origin is located at the center at the top of four metal radiation pieces；

Transition line parametric equation are as follows:

X1 (x)=x+b (0≤x≤L) (1)

Z1(x)×ae^ρ(L-x)(0≤x≤L) (2)

Curve parametric equation are as follows:

Wherein, b be four antenna element (1) bottommosts width, L be antenna length, a is amplitude constant, ρ is exponential fadeRate, r₁For curve transverse direction constant, r₂For curve buckling constant.

3. the broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna of open boundary according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the metalFloor (3) be it is rectangular, the orthographic projection of four antenna elements (1) is fallen in metal floor (3).

4. the broadband circle polarized Vavildi antenna of open boundary according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: feeding classificationIt is as follows: to be fed by a feed structure (2) to wherein opposed two antenna elements (1), another feed structure (2) phasePosition differs 90 ° with first feed structure (2), feeds to remaining opposed two antenna elements (1), forms entelechyChange.