CN109188816B - Array substrate and driving method thereof, and liquid crystal display device and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an array substrate and a driving method thereof, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof, wherein the array substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units, and is also provided with a plurality of common lines and a plurality of common electrode blocks, each common electrode block simultaneously covers two adjacent pixel units, a pixel electrode in a first pixel unit is connected with two adjacent scanning lines and one data line through a first switch element and a second switch element, a control end of the first switch element is connected with one scanning line, one conductive end of the first switch element is connected with the other scanning line, the other conductive end of the first switch element is connected with a control end of the second switch element, two conductive ends of the second switch element are respectively connected with the pixel electrode and the data line, a pixel electrode in the second pixel unit is connected with the adjacent scanning line and the data line through a third switch element, each common electrode block is connected to adjacent scan lines and common lines through fourth switching elements.

Description

Array substrate and driving method thereof, and liquid crystal display device and driving method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to an array substrate and a driving method thereof, and a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof.

Background

A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays. With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 120 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. There is therefore a need for a display device that can be switched to a narrow viewing angle in addition to a wide viewing angle.

Recently, it has been proposed to apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on the color filter substrate (CF) side to realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lcd device includes anupper substrate 210, alower substrate 220, and aliquid crystal layer 230 disposed between theupper substrate 210 and thelower substrate 220, wherein a viewingangle control electrode 211 is disposed on theupper substrate 210. As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle display, the viewingangle control electrode 211 on theupper substrate 210 does not apply a voltage, and the liquid crystal display device realizes the wide viewing angle display. As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle display is required, the viewingangle control electrode 211 on theupper substrate 210 is applied with a voltage, the liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 230 will tilt due to the vertical electric field E (as shown by the arrow in fig. 2), and the contrast of the liquid crystal display device will be reduced due to light leakage, thereby finally realizing the narrow viewing angle display.

In the conventional display device, although the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles is realized, the display unevenness (band mura) occurs due to the following reasons: in the narrow viewing angle display, the voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode is generally an ac voltage. Because the viewing angle control electrode is a planar electrode with the whole surface, capacitive coupling influence exists between the scanning lines and the viewing angle control electrode, when the next row of scanning lines is opened, signals on the viewing angle control electrode are coupled once, pixels at different positions in the panel are affected by the coupling influence of the signals inconsistently, the image flickers, and the problem of display unevenness occurs;

because two adjacent sub-pixels are controlled by different numbers of Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) in the conventional display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, for example, one of the two adjacent sub-pixels is controlled by two TFTs in series, that is, the pixel electrode of the sub-pixel needs to be communicated with the data line through two TFTs (two channels), and the pixel electrode of the other sub-pixel needs to be communicated with the data line through one TFT (one channel).

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an array substrate and a driving method thereof, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof, so as to solve the problem of display nonuniformity caused by the fact that pixel electrodes of two adjacent sub-pixels are communicated with data lines and need to pass through different numbers of TFTs.

The invention provides an array substrate, which is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units, wherein each pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode, the array substrate is also provided with a plurality of common lines and a plurality of common electrode blocks, the common electrode blocks are arranged in an array and are mutually insulated and spaced, each common electrode block simultaneously covers two adjacent pixel units along the scanning line direction, the two adjacent pixel units comprise a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit, the pixel electrode in the first pixel unit is connected with the two adjacent scanning lines and one data line through a first switch element and a second switch element, the control end of the first switch element is connected with one of the two adjacent scanning lines, one conductive end of the first switch element is connected with the other scanning line of the two adjacent scanning lines, the other conductive end of the first switch element is connected with the control end of the second switch element, one conductive end of the second switch element is connected with the pixel electrode, the other conductive end of the second switch element is connected with the data line, the pixel electrode in the second pixel unit is connected with the scanning line and the data line adjacent to the third switch element through a third switch element, and each common electrode block is connected with the scanning line and the common line adjacent to the fourth switch element through a fourth switch element.

Furthermore, the pixel electrode in the first pixel unit of each row of the pixel units is connected with the two scanning lines at the upper and lower sides of the pixel unit of the row through the first switch element and the second switch element.

Furthermore, the pixel electrode in the first pixel unit of each row of the pixel units is connected with the two scanning lines at the upper and lower sides of the pixel unit in the next row through the first switch element and the second switch element.

Furthermore, the common lines and the data lines extend in the same direction, the common lines and the data lines are alternately arranged in the scanning line direction, and a row of the width of the pixel unit is arranged between every two adjacent data lines and the common line.

Furthermore, the common lines and the data lines extend in the same direction, two adjacent pixel units covered by each common electrode block are in one group, two adjacent groups of the pixel units in the scanning line direction are arranged in a repeating cycle, two adjacent groups of the pixel units are connected with two data lines and two common lines, each data line is arranged between two adjacent pixel units in each group, and two common lines are arranged between two adjacent groups of the pixel units and are adjacent to each other side by side.

Further, the common lines and the data lines extend in the same direction, two adjacent pixel units covered by each common electrode block are in one group, three adjacent groups of the pixel units in the scanning line direction are arranged in a repeating cycle, three data lines and three common lines are connected to the three adjacent groups of the pixel units, each data line is arranged between two adjacent pixel units in each group, two of the three common lines are arranged between two adjacent groups of the pixel units and are arranged side by side and adjacently, and the other common line in the three common lines is arranged on one side of the pixel units in the other group.

The present invention also provides a driving method for driving the array substrate as described above, the driving method including:

in two adjacent scanning lines Gn and Gn +1, in a first period t1, the scanning line Gn and the scanning line Gn +1 are simultaneously brought to a high level, the first switching element and the second switching element are simultaneously turned on, the first pixel unit is charged with a correct data voltage through the data line, the third switching element is turned on, and the second pixel unit is charged with the data voltage of the first pixel unit;

in a second period t2, the scan line Gn is made high, the scan line Gn +1 is made low, the first switching element is turned on, the second switching element is turned off, the data voltage in the first pixel cell is held, the third switching element is turned on, and the second pixel cell is charged with the correct data voltage through the data line;

wherein n is a positive integer greater than 0.

The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device which comprises the array substrate, a color film substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the array substrate and the color film substrate, wherein the color film substrate is provided with an auxiliary electrode.

The present invention also provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device as described above, the driving method comprising:

in a first view angle mode, applying an auxiliary reference voltage to the auxiliary electrode, and applying a common voltage with a smaller voltage difference relative to the auxiliary reference voltage to each common electrode block through the common line, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks and the auxiliary electrode is smaller than a preset value;

in a second viewing angle mode, an auxiliary reference voltage is applied to the auxiliary electrode, and a common voltage having a larger voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage is applied to each common electrode block through the common line, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks and the auxiliary electrode is greater than a preset value.

Further, when a common voltage is applied to each of the common electrode blocks through the common line, a first common voltage is applied to the common line at an odd-numbered position in the scan line direction, and a second common voltage is applied to the common line at an even-numbered position in the scan line direction, the first and second common voltages are dc voltages having an amplitude equal to that of the auxiliary reference voltage in a first viewing angle mode, and the first and second common voltages are ac voltages having opposite polarities and being offset up and down with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage in a second viewing angle mode;

the liquid crystal layer adopts positive liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the array substrate is provided with a plurality of common lines and a plurality of common electrode blocks, a pixel electrode in a first pixel unit is connected with two adjacent scanning lines and one data line through a first switch element and a second switch element, a control end of the first switch element is connected with one scanning line, one conductive end of the first switch element is connected with the other scanning line, the other conductive end of the first switch element is connected with a control end of the second switch element, one conductive end of the second switch element is connected with the pixel electrode, the other conductive end of the second switch element is connected with the data line, the pixel electrode in the second pixel unit is connected with the scanning line and the data line adjacent to the third switch element through the third switch element, and each common electrode block is connected with the scanning line and the common line adjacent to the fourth switch element through the fourth switch element, the width and the narrow viewing angle of all the pixel units are controlled by the independent common electrode block, signal coupling is effectively reduced, and all the pixel electrodes are communicated with the data line only through one TFT channel, so that the problem of uneven display is solved, and the display image quality is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a prior art LCD device at a narrow viewing angle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an LCD device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic circuit diagram of the LCD device of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention using positive liquid crystal molecules at a wide viewing angle;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention using positive liquid crystal molecules at a narrow viewing angle;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of an LCD device at an Nth frame of a first viewing angle according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the LCD device at the N +1 th frame of the first viewing angle according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of an Nth frame at a second viewing angle for the LCD device according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the LCD device at the N +1 th frame of the second viewing angle according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged schematic circuit diagram of the LCD device of FIG. 11;

fig. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a simulation diagram of the effect of the LCD device of FIG. 13;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing a simulation of the effect of the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 15;

fig. 18 is a schematic circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention, showing a narrow viewing angle, using negative liquid crystal molecules;

fig. 20 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention, showing a wide viewing angle, using negative liquid crystal molecules;

FIG. 21 is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a second schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be made on the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the array substrate and the driving method thereof, the liquid crystal display device and the driving method thereof according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:

[ example one ]

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality ofscan lines 14 and a plurality ofdata lines 15 are disposed on anarray substrate 10, the plurality ofdata lines 15 and a plurality ofcommon lines 16 extend in the same direction, the plurality ofcommon lines 16 and the plurality ofdata lines 15 are alternately arranged in the direction of thescan lines 14, a width of a column of pixel units P is spaced between every twoadjacent data lines 15 and thecommon lines 16, thearray substrate 10 is defined by the plurality ofscan lines 14, the plurality ofdata lines 15 and the plurality ofcommon lines 16 crossing each other in an insulated manner, and a plurality of pixel units P are formed, and apixel electrode 13 is disposed in each pixel unit P.

Thearray substrate 10 is further provided with a plurality ofcommon electrode blocks 11 distributed in an array and insulated from each other, eachcommon electrode block 11 covers two adjacent pixel units P simultaneously along the direction of thescanning line 14, the two adjacent pixel units P include a first pixel unit P1 and a second pixel unit P2, and in this embodiment, thecommon electrode blocks 11 and thepixel electrodes 13 are located in different layers and are separated from each other by an insulating layer 12 (fig. 5).

Thepixel electrode 13 in the first pixel unit P1 is connected to twoadjacent scan lines 14 and onedata line 15 through the first andsecond switching elements 1 and 2, the control terminal of thefirst switching element 1 is connected to one of the twoadjacent scan lines 14, one of the conductive terminals of thefirst switching element 1 is connected to the other of the twoadjacent scan lines 14, the other conductive terminal of thefirst switching element 1 is connected to the control terminal of thesecond switching element 2, one of the conductive terminals of thesecond switching element 2 is connected to thepixel electrode 13, the other conductive terminal of thesecond switching element 2 is connected to thedata line 15, thepixel electrode 13 in the second pixel unit P2 is connected to thescan line 14 and thedata line 15 adjacent to thethird switching element 3 through thethird switching element 3, eachcommon electrode block 11 is connected to thescan line 14 and thecommon line 16 adjacent to thefourth switching element 4 through thefourth switching element 4, thefirst switching element 1, thesecond switching element 2, thethird switching element 3, and thefourth switching element 4 in this embodiment are all Thin Film Transistors (TFTs).

Further, thepixel electrode 13 in the first pixel unit P1 of each row of pixel units P is connected to twoscan lines 14 located at the upper and lower sides of the row of pixel units P through thefirst switch element 1 and thesecond switch element 2, in this embodiment, the control terminal of thefirst switch element 1, the control terminal of thethird switch element 3, and the control terminal of thefourth switch element 4 are all connected to thescan line 14 located at the upper side of the row of pixel units P, the control terminal of thesecond switch element 2 is connected to one of the conductive terminals of thefirst switch element 1, and the other conductive terminal of thefirst switch element 1 is connected to thescan line 14 located at the lower side of the row of pixel units P through a connection line.

The embodiment of the invention further provides a driving method of the array substrate, which comprises the following steps:

in two adjacent scan lines Gn and Gn +1, during a first period t1, the scan line Gn and the scan line Gn +1 are simultaneously brought to a high level, thefirst switching element 1 and thesecond switching element 2 are simultaneously turned on, the first pixel unit P1 is charged with a correct data voltage through thedata line 15, thethird switching element 3 is turned on, and the second pixel unit P2 is charged with a data voltage of the first pixel unit P1;

during a second period t2, the scan line Gn is made high, the scan line Gn +1 is made low, thefirst switching element 1 is turned on, thesecond switching element 2 is turned off, the data voltage in the first pixel cell P1 is held, thethird switching element 3 is turned on, and the second pixel cell P2 charges the correct data voltage through thedata line 15; wherein n is a positive integer greater than 0.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a liquid crystal display device, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, including thearray substrate 10, thecolor filter substrate 20 disposed opposite to thearray substrate 10, and theliquid crystal layer 30 located between thearray substrate 10 and thecolor filter substrate 20.

On thecolor filter substrate 20, a color resistlayer 22, a Black Matrix (BM)21, aplanarization layer 23, and anauxiliary electrode 24 provided over the entire surface are provided on the side facing theliquid crystal layer 30. The color resistlayer 22 includes, for example, color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and pixel units P of the three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are formed correspondingly. Theblack matrix 21 is disposed between the pixel units P of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and adjacent pixel units P are spaced apart from each other by theblack matrix 21.

In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 30 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 5, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 30 assume a lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates, i.e., the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates. In practical applications, however, the positive liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 30 may have a smaller initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrates, and the initial pretilt angle may be in a range of less than or equal to 10 °, that is: 0 to 10 degrees.

In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device can be switched between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode by controlling the voltage signals applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 of thecolor filter substrate 20 and thecommon electrode block 11 of thearray substrate 10.

In wide view mode: referring to fig. 5, 7 and 8, in the embodiment, in the wide view angle mode, an auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 of thecolor filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a smaller voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to eachcommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrode 24 is smaller than a preset value (for example, smaller than 0.5V);

at this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrodes 24 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 30 is hardly changed and is maintained in the lying posture, so that the liquid crystal display device realizes normal wide viewing angle display. Specifically, in the wide viewing angle mode, the first common voltage Vcom1 applied to the odd-numbered columncommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16 and the second common voltage Vcom2 applied to the even-numbered columncommon electrode block 11 are dc voltages having the same amplitude as the auxiliary reference voltage Vref, the auxiliary reference voltage Vref applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 may be a constant 0V, and the voltage applied to eachcommon line 16 may also be a constant 0V, so that the common voltage applied to eachcommon electrode block 11 is the same as the auxiliary reference voltage Vref, and a good wide viewing angle effect can be achieved.

In the narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 6, 9 and 10, in the narrow viewing angle mode, in the embodiment, an auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 of thecolor filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a relatively large voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to eachcommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrode 24 is greater than a preset value (for example, greater than 2V);

at this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrodes 24 is large, a strong vertical electric field E2 (as shown by an arrow in fig. 6) is generated between thearray substrate 10 and thecolor filter substrate 20 in the liquid crystal cell, and the positive liquid crystal molecules rotate in a direction parallel to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E2, the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrate is increased and tilted, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the lying posture to the inclined posture, light leakage occurs in the large-angle observation of the liquid crystal display device, the contrast is reduced and the viewing angle is narrowed in the oblique viewing direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes narrow-viewing-angle display. Specifically, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first common voltage Vcom1 applied to the odd-numbered columncommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16 and the second common voltage Vcom2 applied to the even-numbered columncommon electrode block 11 are both ac voltages and have opposite polarities, and the polarities of the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are inverted once per frame, the two-dot inversion driving of the liquid crystal display device can be realized. In this embodiment, the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles is realized by controlling the voltage of thecommon electrode block 11 on the side of thearray substrate 10, so that all the pixel units control the wide and narrow viewing angles through the independentcommon electrode block 11, the signal coupling is effectively reduced, and all the pixel electrodes are communicated with the data line only through one TFT channel, thereby solving the problem of uneven picture display, improving the display image quality, being beneficial to reducing the power consumption, and increasing the charging time and the charging effect of the pixels.

[ example two ]

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, an array substrate according to a second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the array substrate according to the first embodiment (fig. 3 and 4), except that in this embodiment, thepixel electrode 13 in the first pixel unit P1 of each row of pixel units P is connected to twoscan lines 14 at the upper and lower sides of the next row of pixel units P through thefirst switching element 1 and thesecond switching element 2.

Specifically, thepixel electrodes 13 in the first pixel cells P1 of the pixel cell P in the current row are connected to the twoscan lines 14 located at the upper and lower sides of the pixel cell P in the next row through thefirst switch element 1 and thesecond switch element 2, in this embodiment, the control terminal of thefirst switch element 1, the control terminal of thethird switch element 3, and the control terminal of thefourth switch element 4 are all connected to the scan line 14 (G1 in fig. 11) located at the upper side of the pixel cell P in the next row, the control terminal of thesecond switch element 2 is connected to one of the conductive terminals of thefirst switch element 1, and the other conductive terminal of thefirst switch element 1 is connected to the scan line 14 (G2 in fig. 11) located at the lower side of the pixel cell P in the next row through one connection line.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ third example ]

As shown in fig. 13, an array substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the array substrate according to the first embodiment (fig. 3 and 4), except that in the present embodiment, a plurality ofcommon lines 16 and a plurality ofdata lines 15 extend in the same direction, two adjacent pixel units P covered by eachcommon electrode block 11 are arranged in one group, two adjacent pixel units P in the direction of thescan line 14 are arranged in a repeating cycle, twodata lines 15 and twocommon lines 16 are connected to the two adjacent pixel units P, wherein eachdata line 15 is disposed between the two adjacent pixel units P in each group, and the twocommon lines 16 are disposed between the two adjacent pixel units P and adjacent to each other.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ example four ]

As shown in fig. 14, an array substrate according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the array substrate according to the third embodiment (fig. 13), except that in this embodiment, thepixel electrode 13 in the first pixel unit P1 of each row of pixel units P is connected to twoscan lines 14 at the upper and lower sides of the next row of pixel units P through thefirst switching element 1 and thesecond switching element 2.

Specifically, thepixel electrodes 13 in the first pixel cells P1 of the pixel cell P in the current row are connected to the twoscan lines 14 located at the upper and lower sides of the pixel cell P in the next row through thefirst switch element 1 and thesecond switch element 2, in this embodiment, the control terminal of thefirst switch element 1, the control terminal of thethird switch element 3, and the control terminal of thefourth switch element 4 are all connected to the scan line 14 (G1 in fig. 14) located at the upper side of the pixel cell P in the next row, the control terminal of thesecond switch element 2 is connected to one of the conductive terminals of thefirst switch element 1, and the other conductive terminal of thefirst switch element 1 is connected to the scan line 14 (G2 in fig. 14) located at the lower side of the pixel cell P in the next row through one connection line.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the present embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ example five ]

As shown in fig. 15, an array substrate provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the array substrate in the third embodiment (fig. 13), except that, in the present embodiment, the plurality ofcommon lines 16 and the plurality ofdata lines 15 extend in the same direction, two adjacent pixel cells P covered by eachcommon electrode block 11 are grouped, three groups of pixel units P adjacent to each other in the direction of thescanning line 14 are arranged for one repetition period, threedata lines 15 and threecommon lines 16 are connected to the three groups of pixel units P, wherein eachdata line 15 is disposed between two adjacent pixel units P within each group, two of the threecommon lines 16 are disposed between two adjacent groups of pixel units P and are adjacent to each other side by side, and another one of the threecommon lines 16 is disposed at one side of another group of pixel units P.

Referring to fig. 16 and 17, fig. 16 is a schematic view showing simulation of the effect of the liquid crystal display device in the third embodiment (fig. 13) of the present invention, and fig. 17 is a schematic view showing simulation of the effect of the liquid crystal display device in the third embodiment. As shown in fig. 17, in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, thepixel electrodes 13 in all the pixel units P of red (R) color are controlled by two switching elements (TFTs), thepixel electrodes 13 in all the pixel units P of blue (B) color are controlled by one switching element (TFT), and thepixel electrodes 13 in only the pixel units P of green (G) color are controlled by one or two switching elements (TFTs), which further improves the display quality compared to the case where thepixel electrodes 13 of the pixel units P of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are controlled by one or two switching elements (TFTs) in the third embodiment (fig. 16).

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the present embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ sixth example ]

As shown in fig. 18, an array substrate according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the array substrate according to the fifth embodiment (fig. 15), except that in this embodiment, thepixel electrode 13 in the first pixel unit P1 of each row of pixel units P is connected to the twoscan lines 14 at the upper and lower sides of the next row of pixel units P through thefirst switching element 1 and thesecond switching element 2.

Specifically, thepixel electrodes 13 in the first pixel cells P1 of the pixel cell P in the current row are connected to the twoscan lines 14 located at the upper and lower sides of the pixel cell P in the next row through thefirst switch element 1 and thesecond switch element 2, in this embodiment, the control terminal of thefirst switch element 1, the control terminal of thethird switch element 3, and the control terminal of thefourth switch element 4 are all connected to the scan line 14 (G1 in fig. 18) located at the upper side of the pixel cell P in the next row, the control terminal of thesecond switch element 2 is connected to one of the conductive terminals of thefirst switch element 1, and the other conductive terminal of thefirst switch element 1 is connected to the scan line 14 (G2 in fig. 18) located at the lower side of the pixel cell P in the next row through one connection line.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fifth embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ seventh example ]

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, an array substrate according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the array substrate according to the first embodiment (fig. 3 and 4), except that theliquid crystal layer 30 in this embodiment uses negative liquid crystal molecules. With the technical progress, the performance of the negative liquid crystal is remarkably improved, and the application is more and more extensive. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 19, in the initial state, the negative liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 30 have a large initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrate, that is, the negative liquid crystal molecules are in an inclined posture with respect to the substrate in the initial state.

In the narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 19, in the embodiment, in the wide view mode, an auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 of thecolor filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a smaller voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to eachcommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrode 24 is smaller than a preset value (for example, smaller than 0.5V);

at this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrodes 24 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in theliquid crystal layer 30 is almost unchanged and remains in a tilt posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle viewing light leakage, the contrast ratio is reduced in the oblique viewing direction, and the viewing angle is narrowed, thereby realizing normal narrow viewing angle display. Specifically, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first common voltage Vcom1 applied to the odd-numbered column common electrode blocks 11 through thecommon lines 16 and the second common voltage Vcom2 applied to the even-numbered column common electrode blocks 11 are dc voltages having the same amplitude as the auxiliary reference voltage Vref, the auxiliary reference voltage Vref applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 may be a constant 0V, and the voltage applied to eachcommon line 16 may also be a constant 0V, so that the common voltage applied to eachcommon electrode block 11 is the same as the auxiliary reference voltage Vref, and a good narrow viewing angle effect can be achieved.

In wide view mode: referring to fig. 20, in the embodiment, in the wide view angle mode, an auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to theauxiliary electrode 24 of thecolor filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a larger voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage Vref is applied to eachcommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrode 24 is greater than a preset value (for example, greater than 2V); at this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 11 and theauxiliary electrodes 24 is large, a strong vertical electric field E2 (as shown by an arrow in fig. 6) is generated between thearray substrate 10 and thecolor filter substrate 20 in the liquid crystal cell, and since the negative liquid crystal molecules rotate in a direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E2, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates is reduced, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the tilted posture to the lying posture, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes wide-viewing angle display. Specifically, in the wide viewing angle mode, the first common voltage Vcom1 applied to the odd-numbered columncommon electrode block 11 through thecommon line 16 and the second common voltage Vcom2 applied to the even-numbered columncommon electrode block 11 are both ac voltages and have opposite polarities, and the polarities of the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are inverted once per frame, the two-dot inversion driving of the liquid crystal display device can be realized.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.

Fig. 21 and 22 are schematic plan views illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, and referring to fig. 21 and 22, the liquid crystal display device is provided with a viewingangle switching key 40 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the liquid crystal display device. Theview switching key 40 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 21), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 22, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the liquid crystal display device by operating the viewingangle switching key 40, finally, thedriving chip 50 controls the voltage applied to thecommon electrode block 11, when the voltage difference between theauxiliary electrode 24 and the common electrode 31 is different, the liquid crystal display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle, when the wide viewing angle is switched, the driving method adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide viewing angle mode, and when the narrow viewing angle is switched, the driving method adopts the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode.

In this document, the terms upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used for defining the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An array substrate, the array substrate (10) is provided with a plurality of scanning lines (14), a plurality of data lines (15) and a plurality of pixel units (P), each pixel unit (P) is provided with a pixel electrode (13), the array substrate (10) is further provided with a plurality of common lines (16) and a plurality of common electrode blocks (11), the common electrode blocks (11) are arranged in an array and are insulated and spaced from each other, each common electrode block (11) simultaneously covers two adjacent pixel units (P) along the scanning line (14), the two adjacent pixel units (P) comprise a first pixel unit (P1) and a second pixel unit (P2), the pixel electrode (13) in the first pixel unit (P1) is connected with the two adjacent scanning lines (14) and one data line (15) through a first switch element (1) and a second switch element (2), a control terminal of the first switching element (1) is connected to one of the two adjacent scan lines (14), one conductive terminal of the first switching element (1) is connected to the other scan line (14) of the two adjacent scan lines (14), the other conductive terminal of the first switching element (1) is connected to the control terminal of the second switching element (2), one conductive terminal of the second switching element (2) is connected to the pixel electrode (13), the other conductive terminal of the second switching element (2) is connected to the data line (15), the pixel electrode (13) in the second pixel unit (P2) is connected to the scan line (14) and the data line (15) adjacent to the third switching element (3) through a third switching element (3), and each common electrode block (11) is connected to the scan line (14) and the common electrode (15) adjacent to the fourth switching element (4) through a fourth switching element (4) Are connected in a common line (16).

2. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the pixel electrodes (13) in the first pixel cells (P1) of each row of the pixel cells (P) are connected to the two scan lines (14) at the upper and lower sides of the pixel cells (P) of the row through the first switch element (1) and the second switch element (2).

3. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the pixel electrode (13) in the first pixel cell (P1) of each row of the pixel cells (P) is connected to the two scan lines (14) at the upper and lower sides of the pixel cell (P) of the next row through the first switch element (1) and the second switch element (2).

4. The array substrate of claim 2 or 3, wherein the common lines (16) and the data lines (15) extend in the same direction, the common lines (16) and the data lines (15) are alternately arranged in the scan line (14) direction, and a row of the pixel units (P) is spaced between every two adjacent data lines (15) and the common lines (16).

5. The array substrate of claim 2 or 3, wherein the common lines (16) and the data lines (15) extend in the same direction, each common electrode block (11) covers two adjacent pixel units (P) in one group, two adjacent pixel units (P) in the scan line (14) are arranged in a repeating cycle, two data lines (15) and two common lines (16) are connected to two adjacent pixel units (P), wherein each data line (15) is disposed between two adjacent pixel units (P) in each group, and two common lines (16) are disposed between two adjacent pixel units (P) in each group and adjacent to each other.

6. The array substrate of claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of the common lines (16) and a plurality of the data lines (15) extend in the same direction, each of the common electrode blocks (11) covers two adjacent pixel units (P) in a group, three adjacent groups of the pixel units (P) in the direction of the scanning line (14) are arranged in a repeating cycle, three data lines (15) and three common lines (16) are connected to the three adjacent groups of the pixel units (P), wherein each of the data lines (15) is disposed between two adjacent pixel units (P) in each group, two of the common lines (16) of the three common lines (16) are disposed between two adjacent groups of the pixel units (P) and are disposed adjacent to each other side by side, and another one of the common lines (16) of the three common lines (16) is disposed at one side of the pixel units (P) of another group.

7. A driving method for driving the array substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the driving method comprising:

in two adjacent scanning lines Gn and Gn +1, in a first period t1, the scanning line Gn and the scanning line Gn +1 are simultaneously brought to a high level, the first switching element (1) and the second switching element (2) are simultaneously turned on, the first pixel unit (P1) is charged with a correct data voltage through the data line (15), the third switching element (3) is turned on, and the second pixel unit (P2) is charged with a data voltage of the first pixel unit (P1);

during a second period t2, the scan line Gn is brought to a high level, the scan line Gn +1 is brought to a low level, the first switching element (1) is turned on, the second switching element (2) is turned off, the data voltage in the first pixel cell (P1) is held, the third switching element (3) is turned on, and the second pixel cell (P2) charges the correct data voltage through the data line (15);

wherein n is a positive integer greater than 0.

8. A liquid crystal display device, comprising the array substrate (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a color filter substrate (20) disposed opposite to the array substrate (10), and a liquid crystal layer (30) disposed between the array substrate (10) and the color filter substrate (20), wherein the color filter substrate (20) is provided with an auxiliary electrode (24).

9. A driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, characterized in that the driving method comprises:

in a first view angle mode, applying an auxiliary reference voltage (Vref) to the auxiliary electrode (24), and applying a common voltage having a small voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage (Vref) to each common electrode block (11) through the common line (16) so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks (11) and the auxiliary electrode (24) is less than a preset value;

in a second view angle mode, an auxiliary reference voltage (Vref) is applied to the auxiliary electrode (24), and a common voltage having a large voltage difference with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage (Vref) is applied to each common electrode block (11) through the common line (16) such that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks (11) and the auxiliary electrode (24) is greater than a preset value.

10. The driving method according to claim 9, wherein when a common voltage is applied to each of the common electrode blocks (11) through the common lines (16), a first common voltage (Vcom1) is applied to the common lines (16) located at odd-numbered positions in the direction of the scan lines (14), a second common voltage (Vcom2) is applied to the common lines (16) located at even-numbered positions in the direction of the scan lines (14), the first common voltage (Vcom1) and the second common voltage (Vcom2) are direct current voltages having equal magnitudes to the auxiliary reference voltage (Vref) in a first viewing angle mode, and the first common voltage (Vcom1) and the second common voltage (Vcom2) are alternating current voltages having opposite polarities and being offset up and down with respect to the auxiliary reference voltage (Vref) in a second viewing angle mode;

the liquid crystal layer (30) adopts positive liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer (30) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.

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