A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant and preparation method thereofTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surfactants more particularly to a kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Cleaning for optical material, five gold surfaces, need using have stronger dirt-removing power, more stable pH-value,Lesser surfactant is damaged to matrix.Cleaning for five gold surfaces, it usually needs can be only achieved by manual polishing thoroughThe effect that bottom cleaning is completed, but this process takes time and effort, and is also easy to produce security risk.And to the cleaning of optical material then to tableThe permeability and emulsifiability of face lotion have higher requirement, need not by the active force of external force, by optical material tableThe greasy dirt etc. in face cleans up while noresidue.
This kind of surfactant generally requires have lower good alkali resistance, lubricity, emulsification, permeability and stabilizationProperty.To have preferable affinity to optical material surface, the miscellaneous bits of greasy dirt, metal and metal oxide to remove surface are carried outIt removes.
Special detergent this kind of at present is largely needed by import.And single surfactant is to the tolerance of alkaliNot strong, maximum restriction degree only has the content of resistance to 20% alkali.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide one kind to have better stability and creamChange the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant of performance.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
An object of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by solvent and by weight percentage are made: 30-50 parts of AEO,20-40 parts of triethanolamines, 4-5 parts of maleic acids, 3-5 parts of C12-18Alkyl acid diglycollic amide, suitable three (sweet ammonia of methylolAcid), 6-8 parts of sulfonated oils, 1-2 parts of sodium xylene sulfonates, 0.5-2 parts of chelating agents, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and regulated quantityPH adjusting agent；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is C12-182.1-2.5 moles of alkyl acid diglycollic amide times.
Further, the solvent is water, and the volume accounting of the solvent is 15-25%.
Further, the AEO is that EAO9 and AEO3 is formed by the weight ratio of 1:1-3.
Further, the C12-18Alkyl acid diglycollic amide is fatty acid distribution of coconut oil diglycollic amide.
Further, the pH adjusting agent is sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.
Further, the following components by water and by weight percentage is made: 40 parts of AEO, 30 parts of triethanolamines, 4.5Part maleic acid, 3-5 parts of C12-18Alkyl acid diglycollic amide, suitable three (hydroxymethylglycinates), 6-8 parts of sulfonated oils, 1-2Part sodium xylene sulfonate, 0.5-2 parts of chelating agents, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.1-2.5 times of C12-18 alkyl acid diglycollic amide；The chelating agentFor EDTA- disodium and/or sodium ammonium triacetate.
The second object of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A method of preparing above-mentioned acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, instills maleic acid, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is added and is esterified, reacts1-3h is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) C12-18 alkyl acid diglycollic amide and three (hydroxymethylglycinates), p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid are heated to moltenState, reaction, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C,
3) by the material that step 1) obtains and the material that step 2) obtains, add sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, chelating agent mixedIt closes；
4) pH adjusting agent is added and is adjusted to pH to 8-9, obtain acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
Further, in step 1), the dosage of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 3-4 moles times of maleic acid.
Further, in step 2), the dosage of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is 3-4 moles of C12-18 alkyl acid diglycollic amideTimes.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) acid and alkali-resistance surfactant provided by the invention has preferable stability and emulsification lasting effect, and to clearSurface matrix is washed with preferable compatibility, can be had under the action of not by external force, effectively remove matrix surface greasy dirt,Metal and the miscellaneous bits of metal oxide, while in surface noresidue；
2) acid and alkali-resistance surfactant provided by the invention is using AEO as principal surfactant, with suitable fourth raw in situEnedioic acid triethanolamine rouge and alkyl acid diglycollic amide ester are cosurfactant, so that providing has preferable stabilityEmulsification system；Using sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate as cosolvent and assistant for emulsifying agent, more uniform Emulsion Phase is provided, with cooperationThe chelating agent of triethanolamine can effectively facilitate the resistance to acid and alkali of the surfactant as adjuvant.
Specific embodiment
In the following, being described further in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention, it should be noted that is do not collidedUnder the premise of, new embodiment can be formed between various embodiments described below or between each technical characteristic in any combination.
The present invention provides a kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, and following components by solvent and by weight percentage is made:30-50 parts of AEO, 20-40 parts of triethanolamines, 4-5 parts of maleic acids, 3-5 parts of C12-18Alkyl acid diglycollic amide, suitable three(hydroxymethylglycinate), 6-8 parts of sulfonated oils, 1-2 parts of sodium xylene sulfonates, 0.5-2 parts of chelating agents, catalytic amount p-methyl benzenesulfonic acidWith the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is C12-182.1-2.5 moles of alkyl acid diglycollic amide times.
The acid and alkali-resistance surfactant using AEO as principal surfactant, with the hyperbranched C of fabricated in situ12-18Alkyl acidDiglycollic amide ester is as the cosurfactant of deoil by force ability and surface affinity, double with generated in-situ maleic acidTriethanolamine ester is used as lipophilic chelating agent, is aided with sulfonated oil and sodium xylene sulfonate and pH adjusting agent as auxiliary agent, can haveEffect improves the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant to the affinity, surface-active ability and acidproof alkali ability of surface to be cleaned.
Triethanolamine in the formula also can match cooperation by chelating agent i.e. as the esterifying reagent reacted with maleic acidWith a hydrotropy helps emulsification, can improve the oleophylic ionotropic of the surfactant, generates ester with maleic acid, can haveEffect plays the role of antirust, stablizes pH, helps cleaning；Sulfonated oil is the single emulsification of anion, infiltration, lubricating function；Potassium carbonateIt also can quickly be dissolved in very little water, itself have oil removing, reduce water droplet angle, loose dispersion, sodium xylene sulfonate can play solubilising, matchClose whole system dialysis hydrotropy.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by water and by weight percentage are made: 40 parts of AEO, 30 partsTriethanolamine, 4.5 parts of maleic acids, 4 parts of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamides, suitable three (hydroxymethylglycinates), 7 partsSulfonated oil, 1.5 parts of sodium xylene sulfonates, 1 part of chelating agent, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.3 moles times of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide；AEO be EAO9 andAEO3 is formed by the weight ratio of 1:2.
The method for preparing the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, instills maleic acid, be added 3.5 times of maleic acid moleP-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is esterified, and is reacted 2h, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide and three (hydroxymethylglycinates), cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide are rubbedThe p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid that you measure 3.5 times is heated to molten condition, reacts, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
3) by the material that step 1) obtains and the material that step 2) obtains, add sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, EDTA- bis-Sodium adds up the water mixing of weight 20%；
4) sodium carbonate is added and is adjusted to pH to 8.5, obtain acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by water and by weight percentage are made: 30 parts of AEO, 20 partsTriethanolamine, 4 parts of maleic acids, 5 parts of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamides, suitable three (hydroxymethylglycinates), 6 parts of sulphursCarburetion, 1.5 parts of sodium xylene sulfonates, 1 part of chelating agent, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.5 moles times of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide；AEO be EAO9 andAEO3 is formed by the weight ratio of 1:1.
The method for preparing the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, instills maleic acid, be added 3.5 times of maleic acid moleP-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is esterified, and is reacted 2h, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide and three (hydroxymethylglycinates), cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide are rubbedThe p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid that you measure 3.5 times is heated to molten condition, reacts, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
3) by the material that step 1) obtains and the material that step 2) obtains, add sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, EDTA- bis-Sodium adds up the water mixing of weight 15%；
4) sodium hydroxide that 10wt% is added is adjusted to pH to 8, obtains acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by water and by weight percentage are made: 50 parts of AEO, 40 partsTriethanolamine, 5 parts of maleic acids, 3 parts of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamides, suitable three (hydroxymethylglycinates), 8 parts of sulphursCarburetion, 1 part of sodium xylene sulfonate, 0.5 part of chelating agent, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.5 moles times of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide；AEO be EAO9 andAEO3 is formed by the weight ratio of 1:3.
The method for preparing the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, instills maleic acid, be added 3.5 times of maleic acid moleP-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is esterified, and is reacted 2h, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide and three (hydroxymethylglycinates), cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide are rubbedThe p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid that you measure 3.5 times is heated to molten condition, reacts, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
3) by the material that step 1) obtains and the material that step 2) obtains, add sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, EDTA- bis-Sodium adds up the water mixing of weight 25%；
4) sodium carbonate is added and is adjusted to pH to 9, obtain acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
Comparative example 1:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by water and by weight percentage are made: 40 parts of AEO, 30 partsTriethanolamine, 4 parts of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamides, suitable three (hydroxymethylglycinates), 7 parts of sulfonated oils, 1.5 parts of diformazansBenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, 1 part of chelating agent, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.3 moles times of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
The method for preparing the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide and three (hydroxymethylglycinates), cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide are rubbedThe p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid that you measure 3.5 times is heated to molten condition, reacts, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
3) by the material that step 1) obtains and the material that step 2) obtains, add sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, EDTA- bis-Sodium adds up the water mixing of weight 20%；
4) sodium hydroxide that 10wt% is added is adjusted to pH to 8.5, obtains acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
Comparative example 2:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by water and by weight percentage are made: 40 parts of AEO, 30 partsTriethanolamine, 4.5 parts of maleic acids, 7 parts of sulfonated oils, 1.5 parts of sodium xylene sulfonates, 1 part of chelating agent, catalytic amount to tolueneThe pH adjusting agent of sulfonic acid and regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.3 moles times of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
The method for preparing the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, instills maleic acid, be added 3.5 times of maleic acid moleP-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is esterified, and is reacted 2h, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, EDTA- disodium is added to add up the water of weight 20% into the material that step 1) obtainsMixing；
3) sodium hydroxide that 10wt% is added is adjusted to pH to 8.5, obtains acid and alkali-resistance surfactant.
Comparative example 3:
A kind of acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, following components by water and by weight percentage are made: 40 parts of AEO, 30 partsTriethanolamine, 4.5 parts of maleic acids, 4 parts of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamides, suitable three (hydroxymethylglycinates), 7 partsSulfonated oil, 1.5 parts of sodium xylene sulfonates, 1 part of chelating agent, the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid of catalytic amount and the pH adjusting agent of regulated quantity；
The dosage of three (hydroxymethylglycinates) is 2.3 moles times of cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
The method for preparing the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant, comprising the following steps:
1) triethanolamine is heated to melting state, instills maleic acid, be added 3.5 times of maleic acid moleP-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is esterified, and is reacted 2h, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
2) cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide and three (hydroxymethylglycinates), cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide are rubbedThe p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid that you measure 3.5 times is heated to molten condition, reacts, is cooled to 60-70 DEG C；
3) by the material that step 1) obtains and the material that step 2) obtains, add sulfonated oil, sodium xylene sulfonate, EDTA- bis-Sodium adds up the water mixing of weight 20%；
4) sodium hydroxide that 10wt% is added adjusts pH to 5 and obtains surfactant.
Performance evaluation
1. stability
The acid and alkali-resistance surfactant that embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 is obtained is placed in cold compartment of refrigerator and places for 24 hours,It takes out, observes appearance；It places it in 40 DEG C of incubators for 24 hours, takes out, observe appearance；
1 stability test of table
| Refrigerated stability | Heat storage stability |
| Embodiment 1 | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness |
| Embodiment 2 | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness |
| Embodiment 3 | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness |
| Comparative example 1 | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness |
| Comparative example 2 | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness | Without layering, precipitating or muddiness |
| Comparative example 3 | It is a small amount of muddy | It is a small amount of muddy |
As seen from the above table, the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant that the application obtains has preferable cold and hot stability.
2. emulsifying holding effect
The obtained acid and alkali-resistance surfactant of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 is acutely shaken, record emulsification is heldThe continuous time, as a result as shown in the table:
Table 2 emulsifies holding effect
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Duration, s | 467 | 441 | 434 |
| Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Duration, s | 311 | 306 | 354 |
As seen from the above table, the acid and alkali-resistance surfactant obtained by the application has longer emulsification efficiency time.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,The variation and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present inventionClaimed range.