A kind of coal poly-generation system and method for integrated fuel cell power generationTechnical field
The invention belongs to Clean Coal Power Generating Technologies fields, and in particular to a kind of fuel cell power generation and coal poly-generation systemAnd method.
Background technique
Coal poly-generation system refers to that using the synthesis gas main component generated from single coal gasification apparatus be CO+H2, to carry out inter-trade, interdepartmental production, with obtain a variety of chemical products with high added value, liquid fuel carbinol,F-T synthetic fuel, dimethanol, town gas, hydrogen, and for the hot of technical process and generate electricity etc..
But chemical products, the synthesis process of liquid fuel are being produced using synthesis gas, a large amount of periodic off-gases can be generated.It speeds to putGas is to be not involved in the gas of reaction in Chemical Manufacture or cannot utilize because grade is too low, gathered in chemical industry equipment or pipeline andThe gas of generation.Since periodic off-gases influence heat-transfer effect, influence reaction speed and progress, the reduction production efficiency etc. of equipment, speedDeflation must be discharged periodically.Periodic off-gases not necessarily completely it is useless, for reduce production cost, should make as far as possible various energy andMaterial full utilization.A kind of utilization ways are can to continue cycling through utilization after being compressed pressurization or heating, and another kind is directly to existIts available ingredient is utilized in other process, is such as burnt.
For Production of methanol, the higher H2 gas of purity is contained in periodic off-gases, this part periodic off-gases adds through overcompressionIt is recycled after pressure, will increase dramatically compression power consumption, reduce the combined coefficient of synthesis unit.This part periodic off-gases is generally used for potIt burns in furnace or burns in hydrogen-rich combustion gas turbine.But there is also two aspect problems, on the one hand since the higher H2 of periodic off-gases containsAmount requires boiler, gas-turbine plant high；Energy utilization efficiency is lower after another aspect periodic off-gases directly burn.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of coal poly-generation system and methods of integrated fuel cell power generation, solveThe lower problem of existing periodic off-gases utilization efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of coal poly-generation system of integrated fuel cell power generation provided by the invention, including standby coal unit, gasification furnace,Syngas cooler, first circulation air compressor, the first gas hot-air heater, desulfurization process unit, methanol synthesis unit, cooling are singleMember, separator, injector, fuel cell, cathode air compressor, cathode regenerator, waste heat boiler, steam turbine and pure oxygen burningDevice, wherein the entrance of the dry pulverized coal outlet connection gasification furnace of standby coal unit, the high-temperature crude synthesis gas outlet of top of gasification furnace and theThe outlet of one recycle compressor is all connected with the entrance of syngas cooler, and the syngas outlet of syngas cooler is divided into two-way,The entrance of first circulation compressor is connected all the way；Another way connects the hot side entrance of the first gas hot-air heater, the heating of the first gas gasThe hot side outlet of device is by the entrance of desulfurization process unit connection methanol synthesis unit, and the outlet of methanol synthesis unit is by coolingUnit connects the entrance of separator, the cold side input port of the first gas hot-air heater of periodic off-gases outlet connection at the top of separator, and firstThe entrance of the cold side outlet port connection injector of gas hot-air heater, the anode inlet of the outlet connection fuel cell of injector, fuelThe entrance of the anode export connection pure oxygen combustor of battery, the entrance of the offgas outlet connection waste heat boiler of pure oxygen combustor are remainingExhaust outlet is provided on heat boiler；
The cold side input port of the outlet connection cathode regenerator of cathode air compressor, the cold side outlet port connection of cathode regeneratorThe cathode inlet of fuel cell, the hot side entrance of the cathode outlet connection cathode regenerator of fuel cell, the heat of cathode regeneratorThe entrance of side outlet connection waste heat boiler；
The entrance of the saturated vapor outlet connection waste heat boiler of syngas cooler, the superheated steam of waste heat boiler, which exports, to be connectedConnect the entrance of steam turbine, the entrance of the middle pressure steam outlet connection gasification furnace of steam turbine.
Preferably, the crude synthesis gas outlet of syngas cooler is connected with dust removing units, and the outlet of dust removing units is divided into twoRoad, connects the entrance of first circulation air compressor all the way, and another way connects the entrance of the first gas hot-air heater.
Preferably, desulfurization process unit includes water scrubber, the second gas hot-air heater, resistant to sulfur water gas shift reation device, low temperatureWaste heat recovery unit, the second syngas cooler and sulphur carbon take off unit altogether, wherein the hot side outlet of the first gas hot-air heater connectsThe entrance of water scrubber, the cold side input port of the second gas hot-air heater of outlet connection of water scrubber, the cold side of the second gas hot-air heater goes outThe entrance of mouth connection resistant to sulfur water gas shift reation device, the heat of the second gas hot-air heater of outlet connection of resistant to sulfur water gas shift reation deviceSide entrance, the entrance of the hot side outlet connection low temperature exhaust heat recovery unit of the second gas hot-air heater, low temperature exhaust heat recovery unitThe entrance of the second syngas cooler of outlet connection, the outlet connection sulphur carbon of the second syngas cooler take off the entrance of unit altogether,Sulphur carbon takes off the entrance of the Clean synthesis gas outlet connection methanol synthesis unit of unit altogether.
Preferably, sulphur carbon, which is taken off altogether on unit, is provided with waste gas outlet, and the waste gas outlet is connected with CO2Compression is single with liquefactionMember and sulfur recovery unit.
Preferably, second circulation air pressure contracting is provided between the outlet of desulfurization process unit and the entrance of methanol synthesis unitMachine and third gas hot-air heater, wherein the entrance of the outlet connection second circulation air compressor of desulfurization process unit, second circulationThe outlet of air compressor connects the entrance of methanol synthesis unit by the cold end of third gas hot-air heater.
Preferably, temperature reducing unit includes that waste heat crosses boiler and third syngas cooler, wherein methanol synthesis unit goes outThe hot side entrance of mouth connection third gas hot-air heater, the hot side outlet connection waste heat of third gas hot-air heater cross the entrance of boiler,Waste heat crosses the entrance of the outlet connection third syngas cooler of boiler, the outlet connection separator of third syngas coolerEntrance.
Preferably, the outlet at bottom of separator is connected with rectifying column, and the bottom of rectifying column is provided with methanol product outlet,Top is provided with acid gas outlet.
Preferably, which further includes cryogenic air separation unit unit, oxygen compressor and nitrogen compressor, wherein the oxygen of cryogenic air separation unit unitThe entrance of gas outlet connection oxygen compressor, nitrogen outlet connect the entrance of nitrogen compressor；The outlet of oxygen compressor is divided into two-way, connects all the wayThe oxygen intake of gasification furnace, another way connect the entrance of pure oxygen combustor；The entrance of the outlet connection gasification furnace of nitrogen compressor.
A kind of coal poly-generation method of integrated fuel cell power generation, coal Quito based on a kind of power generation of integrated fuel cellCo-generation system, comprising the following steps:
Raw coal in standby coal unit coal-grinding, it is dry after form dry pulverized coal, gasification furnace is delivered to by high pressure nitrogen, pure oxygen and fewThe middle pressure steam extracted in the middle part of amount steam turbine is sent into gasification furnace reaction simultaneously, the high-temperature crude synthesis gas and that top of gasification furnace generatesAfter the low temperature synthesis gas mixing Quench of one recycle gas compressor outlet, it is sent into syngas cooler；It is returned by syngas coolerA part of synthesis gas after receiving waste heat is recycled to first circulation air compressor entrance, and another part synthesis gas enters the first gas gasHeater hot side entrance is sent into desulfurization process unit and is handled after cooling, the Clean synthesis pneumatic transmission of generation enters methanol-fueled CLC listMember is sent into temperature reducing unit and cools down after synthetic reaction, and the product gas of temperature reducing unit outlet later is sent into separator, pointPeriodic off-gases from device top exit enter the first gas hot-air heater cold side input port, are subsequently sent to injector, injection fuel cell sunThe synthesis gas of the partial tail gas of pole outlet, injector outlet enters anode of fuel cell, is reacted, output power；
Remaining tail gas of fuel cell anode outlet enters pure oxygen combustor and pure oxygen carries out catalyst combustion reaction, generates combustionTail gas is burnt, waste heat boiler is sent into, is discharged into atmosphere after recovery waste heat；
One air is sent into cathode regenerator cold side input port, the height of cold side outlet port after the pressurization of cathode air compressorWarm air is sent into fuel cell cathode inlet, and cathode regenerator hot side entrance, cooling are sent into after being reacted in a fuel cellAfter be sent into waste heat boiler, be discharged into atmosphere after recovery waste heat；
The saturated vapor that syngas cooler generates is sent into waste heat boiler and is further heated, the overheat that waste heat boiler generatesSteam is sent to acting power generation in steam turbine.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of coal poly-generation system of integrated fuel cell power generation provided by the invention, fuel cell utilize chemical industry synthesisThe rich H2 periodic off-gases of process are fuel, to improve system-wide energy utilization efficiency, and can guarantee equipment dependability, provide knotFuel cell power generation flexibly adjustable advantage is closed, the change of generation load depth caused by polygenerations systeme load variations is suitable forChange, meanwhile, the needs of meeting coal-based power generation systematic electricity depth peak regulation, has trapped part CO2, coal-based power generation can be greatly reducedThe CO of journey2Discharge intensity.
A kind of coal poly-generation method of integrated fuel cell power generation provided by the invention, fuel cell utilize chemical industry synthesisThe rich H2 periodic off-gases of process are fuel, to improve system-wide energy utilization efficiency, and can guarantee equipment dependability, provide knotFuel cell power generation flexibly adjustable advantage is closed, the change of generation load depth caused by polygenerations systeme load variations is suitable forChange, meanwhile, the needs of meeting coal-based power generation systematic electricity depth peak regulation, has trapped part CO2, coal-based power generation can be greatly reducedThe CO of journey2Discharge intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of electricity generation system of the present invention；
Wherein, 1, standby coal unit 2, gasification furnace 3, the first syngas cooler 4, dust removing units 5, first circulation air compressor6, the first gas hot-air heater 7, water scrubber 8, the second gas hot-air heater 9, resistant to sulfur water gas shift reation device 10, low temperature exhaust heat recycling are singleFirst 11, second syngas cooler 12, sulphur carbon take off unit 13, CO altogether2Compression and liquefaction unit 14, sulfur recovery unit 15, secondRecycle gas compressor 16, third gas hot-air heater 17, methanol synthesis unit 18, waste heat cross boiler 19, third syngas cooler20, separator 21, rectifying column 22, injector 23, fuel cell 24, pure oxygen combustor 25, cathode air compressor 26, cathode returnHot device 27, waste heat boiler 28, steam turbine 29, cryogenic air separation unit unit 30, oxygen compressor 31, nitrogen compressor.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of coal poly-generation system of integrated fuel cell power generation provided by the invention, including standby coal listFirst 1, gasification furnace 2, the first syngas cooler 3, dust removing units 4, first circulation air compressor 5, the first gas hot-air heater 6, waterWash tower 7, the second gas hot-air heater 8, resistant to sulfur water gas shift reation device 9, low temperature exhaust heat recovery unit 10, the second syngas cooler11, sulphur carbon takes off unit 12, CO altogether2Compression and liquefaction unit 13, sulfur recovery unit 14, second circulation air compressor 15, third gasHot-air heater 16, methanol synthesis unit 17, waste heat cross boiler 18, third syngas cooler 19, separator 20, rectifying column 21,Injector 22, fuel cell 23, pure oxygen combustor 24, cathode air compressor 25, cathode regenerator 26, waste heat boiler 27, vapourTurbine 28, cryogenic air separation unit unit 29, oxygen compressor 30 and nitrogen compressor 31, wherein the dry pulverized coal outlet connection gasification furnace of standby coal unit 12 entrance, the bottom of gasification furnace 2 are provided with slag outlet, first synthesis of high-temperature crude synthesis gas outlet connection at 2 top of gasification furnaceThe entrance of Gas Cooler 3, the entrance of the saturated vapor outlet connection waste heat boiler 23 of the first syngas cooler 3；First synthesisThe entrance of the crude synthesis gas outlet connection dust removing units 4 of Gas Cooler 3, the outlet of dust removing units 4 is divided into two-way, connects all the wayThe entrance of one recycle gas compressor 5, the entrance of the first syngas cooler 3 of outlet connection of first circulation air compressor 5；It is anotherRoad connects the hot side entrance of the first gas hot-air heater 6, and the hot side outlet of the first gas hot-air heater 6 is by the connection of water scrubber 7 secondThe cold side input port of gas hot-air heater 8, the cold side outlet port of the second gas hot-air heater 8 is by the connection of resistant to sulfur water gas shift reation device 9 theThe hot side entrance of two gas hot-air heaters 8, the hot side outlet of the second gas hot-air heater 8 is by the connection of low temperature exhaust heat recovery unit 10 theThe entrance of two syngas coolers 11, the outlet connection sulphur carbon of the second syngas cooler 11 take off the entrance of unit 12, sulphur carbon altogetherThe Clean synthesis gas outlet for taking off unit 12 altogether connects 15 pairs of second circulation air compressor of entrance, second circulation air compressor 15The cold side input port of outlet connection third gas hot-air heater 16, the cold side outlet port of third gas hot-air heater 16 pass through methanol synthesis unitThe hot side outlet of the hot side entrance of 17 connection third gas hot-air heaters 16, third gas hot-air heater 16 crosses the company of boiler 18 by waste heatConnect the entrance of third syngas cooler 19；
Sulphur carbon takes off the CO on unit 12 altogether2Outlet connection CO2Compression and liquefaction unit 13, sulphur outlet connection sulfur recovery unit14；
The entrance of the products export connection separator 20 of third syngas cooler 19, the bottom of separator 20 is provided with liquidState methanol outlet, the entrance of liquid methanol outlet connection rectifying column 21, the bottom of rectifying column 21 is provided with methanol product outlet, essenceThe top for evaporating tower 21 is provided with acid gas outlet；
The cold side input port of the first gas hot-air heater 6 of top periodic off-gases outlet connection of separator 20, the first gas hot-air heater 6Cold side outlet port connection injector 22 entrance, the partial tail gas of the anode export of injection fuel cell 23, the conjunction of injector 22The anode inlet of connection fuel cell 23 is exported at gas；
The entrance of the anode export connection pure oxygen combustor 24 of fuel cell 23, the combustion tail gas outlet of pure oxygen combustor 24The entrance into preboiler 27 is connected, is provided with air exhaust port on waste heat boiler 27；
The cold side input port of the outlet connection cathode regenerator 26 of cathode air compressor 25, the cold side of cathode regenerator 26 goes outThe cathode inlet of mouth connection fuel cell 23, the hot side entrance of the cathode outlet connection cathode regenerator 26 of fuel cell 23, yinThe entrance of the hot side outlet connection waste heat boiler 27 of pole regenerator 26；
The entrance of the oxygen outlet connection oxygen compressor 30 of cryogenic air separation unit unit 29, nitrogen outlet connection nitrogen compressor 31 enterMouthful；The outlet of oxygen compressor 30 is divided into two-way, connects the oxygen intake of gasification furnace 2 all the way, and another way connects pure oxygen combustor 24Entrance；The entrance of the outlet connection gasification furnace 2 of nitrogen compressor 31.
The entrance of the superheated steam outlet connection steam turbine 28 of waste heat boiler 27, the mid portion steam (vapor) outlet of steam turbine 28Connect the entrance of gasification furnace 2.
The system flow are as follows:
Raw coal forms dry pulverized coal after coal-grinding, drying in standby coal unit 1, and the high pressure nitrogen exported by nitrogen compressor 31 is defeatedIt send to gasification furnace 2, the middle pressure steam extracted in the middle part of the part pure oxygen and a small amount of steam turbine 28 that oxygen compressor 30 exports is sent into gas simultaneouslyChange furnace 2 to react, 2 furnace bottom of gasification furnace generates clinker, what the high-temperature crude synthesis gas and first circulation air compressor 5 that top generates exportedAfter low temperature synthesis gas mixes Quench, it is sent into syngas cooler 3；Syngas cooler 3 generates saturated vapor and is sent into waste heat boilerIt is further heated in 27, the crude synthesis gas after waste heat boiler recovery waste heat is sent into dust removing units 4, after the dedusting that cools downA part of synthesis gas is recycled to 5 entrance of first circulation air compressor, and another part synthesis gas enters 6 hot side of the first gas hot-air heaterEntrance is sent into water scrubber 7 after cooling.
7 exiting syngas of water scrubber is sent into 8 cold side input port of the second gas hot-air heater, and it is anti-that resistant to sulfur water-gas shift is sent into after heatingDevice 9 is answered, subsequently enters 8 hot side entrance of the second gas hot-air heater, synthesis gas is after cooling, into low temperature exhaust heat recovery unit10, the second syngas cooler 11 is subsequently entered, after temperature needed for synthesis gas is reduced to desulfurization and decarburization process, into sulphur carbonUnit 12 is taken off altogether, and sulphur carbon takes off the Clean synthesis pneumatic transmission that unit Unit 12 generates altogether and enters after second circulation air compressor 15 pressurizes to be sent into16 cold side input port of third gas hot-air heater is sent into methanol synthesis unit 17 after heating, after synthetic reaction, be sent into third gas gas16 hot side entrance of heater, enters back into waste heat and crosses boiler 18, subsequently enter third syngas cooler 19.Sulphur carbon takes off unit 12 altogetherThe exhaust gas of unit removing respectively enters CO2Compression and liquefaction unit 13 and sulfur recovery unit 14, are respectively formed liquid CO2With sulphurProduct.The product gas that third syngas cooler 19 exports is sent into separator 20, and the liquid methanol of 20 outlet at bottom of separator is sentEnter rectifying column 21,21 outlet at bottom of rectifying column is methanol product, and 21 top exit of rectifying column is acid gas.
The periodic off-gases of 20 top exit of separator enter 6 cold side input port of the first gas hot-air heater, are subsequently sent to injector 22,The partial tail gas of 23 anode export of injection fuel cell, the synthesis gas that injector 22 exports enter 23 anode of fuel cell, carry outReaction, output power.
Remaining tail gas of 23 anode export of fuel cell enters the part pure oxygen that pure oxygen combustor 24 and oxygen compressor 30 exportCatalyst combustion reaction is carried out, combustion tail gas is generated, main component is vapor and carbon dioxide, is sent into waste heat boiler 27, returnsAtmosphere is discharged into after receiving waste heat.
One air is sent into 26 cold side input port of cathode regenerator, cold side outlet port after the pressurization of cathode air compressor 25High temperature air be sent into 23 cathode inlet of fuel cell, after being reacted in fuel cell 23 be sent into 26 hot side of cathode regeneratorEntrance is sent into waste heat boiler 27, is discharged into atmosphere after recovery waste heat after cooling.
One air is sent into cryogenic air separation unit unit 29, and the dirty nitrogen that cryogenic air separation unit unit 29 generates is discharged into atmosphere, generates high-purityIt spends oxygen and is sent into 30 entrance of oxygen compressor, generate high-purity nitrogen and be sent into nitrogen compressor 31.
The electric energy that the system issues is generated by fuel cell 23 and steam turbine 28, and product includes methanol, sulphur, liquid CO2。