A kind of electric car group participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulationTechnical field
The present invention relates to smart grid control fields, and in particular to a kind of electric car group participates in the controlling party of power grid frequency modulationMethod.
Background technique
Currently, Chinese Government carries forward vigorously the development of ev industry, it is pre- to the year two thousand thirty whole nation electric car ownershipMeter is more than 80,000,000.Electric car fast charging and discharging power regulation characteristic make its can as distributed generation resource power generation andAs controllable burden.Relatively have existing research shows that participating in mains frequency adjusting using the mobile energy storage characteristic of electric car and being oneThe V2G of development prospect is serviced.However electric car, as a kind of vehicles, charge and discharge behavior has randomness and does not knowProperty, battery need to be comprehensively considered, user travels demand, battery performance etc..
Therefore, how research maximally utilises electric car group participation mains frequency and adjusts, while meeting user's rowDemand is sailed, and reduces electric car charging load peak to the greatest extent and brings secondary load to disturb in power grid, mains frequency is improved and stablizesLevel has highly important practical application value.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the invention patent provides a kind of control method of electric car group participation power grid frequency modulation.The invention patent can meet the needs of power grid frequency modulation capacity to the maximum extent and user travels demand, while as far as possibleIt reduces when electric car concentrates out net and new charging load peak occurs to bring secondary load to disturb in power grid.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the control methods that a kind of electric car group participates in power grid frequency modulation, whereinThe control system that electric car group participates in power grid frequency modulation includes mains frequency deviation measuring unit, the acquisition of networking electric car dataUnit, central processing unit, frequency droop control unit, electric car charge and discharge queue control unit, electric car pressure are filledElectric queue control unit and the normal charge/discharge unit of electric car, the control method that electric car group participates in power grid frequency modulation includes such asLower step:
Networking electric car data acquisition unit acquisition networking electric car information and monitoring load with lotus in real time, and are delivered toCentral processing unit；
Mains frequency deviation measuring unit monitoring frequency deviation, and it is delivered to central processing unit；
When the real-time load capacity of batteries of electric automobile is greater than maximum load amount or is not more than minimum load amount or mains frequencyDeviation is in frequency departure dead zone range, then electric car is in uncontrollable state；
When batteries of electric automobile load capacity is between minimum load amount and maximum load amount, and mains frequency deviation is more than to adjustWhen frequency dead zone, central processing unit is divided into frequency modulation control domain, forced charge according to automobile user demand, by Rechargeable vehicleThe electric car group in control domain and the uncontrollable domain of charge and discharge implements charge and discharge control scheme.
Preferably, the networking electric car information include electric car initial load amount, starting network entry time, it is expected fromETAD expected time of arrival and departure, expectation load capacity and battery rated capacity.
Preferably, the frequency modulation control domain, forced charge control domain and the uncontrollable domain classification method of charge and discharge include:
Central processing unit is calculated as meeting the forced charge time the latest that user travels demand；
According to system frequency deviation, there are certain time nargin, obtain user's forced charge initial time；
Charging time is frequency modulation control domain between starting network entry time and forced charge initial time, and the charging time is strongSystem charging initial time and between the forced charge time the latest be forced charge control domain, other time be charge and discharge it is uncontrollableDomain.
Preferably, the time of forced charge the latest and forced charge initial time, which calculate, includes are as follows:
tforce=t1-tdomain (2)
Wherein, t1For forced charge time the latest, tendIt is expected time departure, SOCtargetIt is expected load capacity,SOCstartFor electric car initial load amount, CrFor battery rated capacity, PmaxFor maximum power, tforceUser's forced charge risesBegin the time, tdomainFor time margin, α is variable coefficient.
Preferably, frequency modulation control domain control program includes:
Frequency droop control unit based on the received count by frequency departure, the simulation sagging control frequency modulation principle of synchronous generatorCalculating electric car group needs frequency modulation power according to what system frequency changed；
If the output of frequency droop control unit is upward frequency modulation power, electric car charge and discharge queue control unit willElectric car is arranged by the descending of real-time load capacity, control electric car electric discharge；If the output of frequency droop control unit isDownward frequency modulation power is then arranged electric car by the ascending order of real-time load capacity, control electric car charging.
Preferably, the forced charge control domain control program passes through comprehensive for electric car forced charge queue control unitShare family forced charge initial time and real-time load capacity ascending order arrangement, control in forced charge control domain electric car withMaximum charge power forced charge.
Preferably, the uncontrollable domain control program of the charge and discharge is the normal charge/discharge unit of electric car in the control domainElectric car group carry out normal charge and discharge arrangement.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: central processing unit, and networking Rechargeable vehicle is divided into different domains for implementation, adjustsIn frequency control domain, the frequency droop control unit simulation sagging control frequency modulation principle of synchronous generator obtains electric car group and responds systemThe frequency modulation power of frequency of uniting variation, electric car charge and discharge queue control unit is according to frequency modulation power control charge and discharge up or downElectricity；In forced charge control domain, electric car forced charge queue control unit maximum charge power forced charge；Charge and discharge are notIn controllable domain, the normal charge and discharge arrangement of the normal charge/discharge unit of electric car.The invention patent can meet electricity to the maximum extentThe needs of net frequency regulation capacity, and be able to satisfy user and travel demand, while reducing to the greatest extent when electric car concentrates out net and occurring newlyLoad peak charge to bring secondary load to disturb in power grid.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the control system architecture schematic diagram that a kind of electric car group provided in this embodiment participates in power grid frequency modulation；
Fig. 2 is the control method flow chart that a kind of electric car group provided in this embodiment participates in power grid frequency modulation；
Fig. 3 is the control method zoning plan that a kind of electric car group provided in this embodiment participates in power grid frequency modulation.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of electric car group participates in the control system architecture schematic diagram of power grid frequency modulation as shown in Figure 1, including mains frequencyDeviation measuring unit, networking electric car data acquisition unit, central processing unit, frequency droop control unit, electric carCharge and discharge queue control unit, electric car forced charge queue control unit and the normal charge/discharge unit of electric car.It is electronicAutomobile group participates in the control method flow chart of power grid frequency modulation as shown in Fig. 2, electric car group participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulationInclude the following steps:
S1. networking electric car data acquisition unit acquisition networking electric car information and monitoring load with lotus in real time, and defeatedIt send to central processing unit；Networking electric car information includes electric car initial load amount (SOCstart), originate network entry time(tstart), it is expected that time departure (tend), it is expected that load capacity (SOCtarget), battery rated capacity (Cr)。
S2. mains frequency deviation measuring unit monitoring frequency deviation delta f, and it is delivered to central processing unit；
S3. in tstart<t<tendIn charging time end, when the real-time load capacity of batteries of electric automobile be greater than maximum load amount orNo more than minimum load amount, then electric car is in uncontrollable state, goes to step S8；
When the real-time load capacity of networking electric car (SOC) is in SOCmin<SOC<SOCmaxIn range, S4 is gone to step；
S4. when mains frequency deviation delta f is in frequency departure dead zone range (Δ fdb) in, then this when inscribe electric car and be inUncontrollable state, goes to step S8；
When mains frequency deviation delta f is in frequency departure dead zone range (Δ fdb) outside, central processing unit calculates electric carTo meet the time t of forced charge the latest that user travels demand1, and then obtain user's forced charge initial time tforce, wherein
tforce=t1-tdomain (2)
Wherein, t1For forced charge time the latest, tendIt is expected time departure, SOCtargetIt is expected load capacity,SOCstartFor electric car initial load amount, CrFor battery rated capacity, PmaxIt determines for maximum power and by charging pile output powerIt is fixed, tforceUser's forced charge initial time, tdomainFor time margin, α is variable coefficient and unit is s/Hz.α is positive number,Its specific value is set according to system and empirical value.
The control method zoning plan that electric car group participates in power grid frequency modulation is as shown in Figure 3, wherein what long short-term surroundedRegion is the area A, as frequency modulation control domain；Solid line enclosing region is the area B, i.e. forced charge control domain；Other regions are the area C, i.e.,The uncontrollable domain of charge and discharge.
When electric car networks, then for Δ f < 0, i.e. tforce=t1When, if meeting the area A, go to step S5, S6；It is rightIn Δ f > 0 and meet the area A, then goes to step S5, S6；When for Δ f > 0 and meeting the area B, then S7 is gone to step.
S5. it is former to simulate the sagging control frequency modulation of synchronous generator according to mains frequency deviation delta f for frequency droop control unitReason obtains the frequency modulation power Δ P of electric car group's response system frequency variation, i.e.,
Δ P=Kf* Δ f (4)
Wherein, Kf is sagging coefficient.
S6. the upward frequency modulation power that electric car charge and discharge queue control unit is exported according to frequency droop control unit,It is arranged by the descending of the real-time load capacity of electric car, control electric car electric discharge；According to the output of frequency droop control unitDownward frequency modulation power is arranged by the ascending order of the real-time load capacity of electric car, control electric car charging.
S7. electric car forced charge queue control unit is according to user's forced charge initial time and real-time load capacity literSequence arrangement, electric car of the control in forced charge control domain is with maximum charge power Pmax forced charge.
S8. the normal charge/discharge unit of electric car is to the electric car for being in the uncontrollable domain of charge and discharge, to charge normal functionRate P0(P0>=0) it charges to it, wherein
After electric car networking, mains frequency deviation measuring unit is real-time to mains frequency deviation delta f in whole processMonitoring, networking electric car data acquisition unit acquisition networking electric car information and monitoring load with lotus also real-time monitoring in real time,System is updated according to Δ f and electric car information according to above-mentioned steps at a certain time interval.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: central processing unit, and networking Rechargeable vehicle is divided into different domains for implementation, adjustsIn frequency control domain, the frequency droop control unit simulation sagging control frequency modulation principle of synchronous generator obtains electric car group and responds systemThe frequency modulation power of frequency of uniting variation, electric car charge and discharge queue control unit is according to frequency modulation power control charge and discharge up or downElectricity；In forced charge control domain, electric car forced charge queue control unit maximum charge power forced charge；Charge and discharge are notIn controllable domain, the normal charge and discharge arrangement of the normal charge/discharge unit of electric car.The invention patent can meet electricity to the maximum extentThe needs of net frequency regulation capacity, and be able to satisfy user and travel demand, while reducing to the greatest extent when electric car concentrates out net and occurring newlyLoad peak charge to bring secondary load to disturb in power grid.
Although the present invention is disclosed above in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention the range of implementation.AnyThe those of ordinary skill in field is not departing from invention scope of the invention, improves when can make a little, i.e., all according to this hairBright done same improvement, should be the scope of the present invention and is covered.