A kind of intelligent drilling system and methodTechnical field
The invention belongs to petroleum, gas drilling field, and in particular to a kind of intelligent drilling system and method.
Background technique
The development of automated drilling divides four-stage, and first stage is orientation well engineer according to motor and mud-pulseThe data of upload carry out decision, have hysteresis quality.Second stage is to carry out height using intelligent drilling rod or electromagnetic wave, continuous wave etc.The transmission of fast LWD/MWD data can make orientation well engineer make decisions rapidly.Three phases are automatic guide abilities, willProgram is embedded into control system of rig, and the data of upload need not move through orientation well engineer decision so that drilling machine realize faster,More accurate guiding.In the near future, be up to four-stage, directional well and geomatics engineer can not in well site, fromOne long-range activity center controls and manages more bench drill machines.Currently, remote job center can be realized geosteering and supervisionWellsite operation, but downhole tool cannot be directly controlled, it is also necessary to orient well engineer manual intervention control well track.FinallyDeveloping direction be that the design of well track is loaded on drilling machine, tool is put into underground, drilling machine is allowed to creep into automatically, just as willFlight plan is loaded on aircraft autopilot, allows aircraft automatic cruising.
Currently, NOV company realizes the transmission of downhole data by wired drill pipe, carries out downhole data and analyze in real time, thusRealize intelligent drilling truly.But system application is intelligent drilling rod, reliability is not high, easily occurs in transmissionIt is disconnected, while being influenced by downhole tool battery life, it cannot be widely applied.
Coiled tubing (CT) technology is since nineteen sixty is applied to petroleum industry, because it is with no killing well, fixed tubular column, workThe advantages that industry time is short, construction equipment is few, occupied ground is small, capital investment is few, by the favor for respectively having company, in world oilIt is applied widely in industry.Coiled tubing drilling (CTD) can continuously be crept into, be suitable for underbalance, multiple lateral, slim-hole,The drillng operations such as short radius.But due in continuous pipe drilling process drill string cannot rotate, when well straightening or orientation, it is necessary to adoptTool-face is adjusted with the method for underground location.Construction requirement is completed frequently with three kinds of methods at present: first is that by making a tripMeet different build angle rate requirements to adjust camber or the replacement down-hole motor of down-hole motor, this method increase drilling period,Reduce the service life of continuous pipe.Second is that adjusting the tool face azimuth of down-hole motor by directional orientation tool, i.e., by being swung left and rightFor orientation to carry out TRAJECTORY CONTROL, this method institute's bored borehole track is rough, while not can be carried out increasing hole angle operation.Third is that using rotationSteering tool drives rotary steerable tool selection by down-hole motor, and when needing to orient or adjusting well track, ground launch refers toIt enables to realize, this method is more advanced, but cost is relatively high.After the completion of orientation, when needing to take out rotary steerable tool, needRound trip is carried out, drilling period is increased.
Saudi Arabia A Mei has been devoted to realize intelligent oil field, and the proposition of intelligent oil field and digital oil field is all based on data receiptsCollection and analysis.It can only be that lasting well data and environmental data are obtained by fibre optical sensor, thus real-time for operatorChange drilling parameter and foundation is provided.Intelligent oil field is that operator is to seek to improve data management, reinforces the one of real-time analyzerThe effective business prototype of kind.Saudi Arabia A Mei studies intelligent drilling in very big reservoir contact area more at present, using continuousOil pipe is reentered, and realizes intelligent well completion using intelligent control valve.
But continuous pipe have for intelligent drilling an extraordinary advantage be exactly can tape cable tripping in, supplied for undergroundElectricity and can be with real-time Transmission signal.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned problem existing in the prior art, a kind of intelligent drilling system and side are providedMethod the advantages of using coiled tubing, simplifies the process of current intelligent drilling, advanced optimizes current intelligent drilling system.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of intelligent drilling system, comprising: ground system, downhole system and intelligent drilling control platform；
The ground system includes: Operation Tubing Aggregate group, coiled tubing control platform, roller of continuous oil pipe, cased holeFrame, injection head, swivel control head, mating blowout control equipment；
The coiled tubing control platform, roller of continuous oil pipe are arranged in the Operation Tubing Aggregate group,
The top of well head is arranged in the cased hole frame；
The injection head, swivel control head, mating blowout control equipment are successively set at well head from top to bottom；
The downhole system includes: the coiled tubing, wet joint, downhole intelligent pipe string of tape cable；
On roller of continuous oil pipe, the other end sequentially passes through the injection for one end of the coiled tubing of the tape cableEnter in well head after head, swivel control head, mating blowout control equipment, is connect by the wet joint and downhole intelligent pipe series winding；
The intelligent drilling control platform receive that downhole system transmission comes with bore data, to ground system and downhole systemIt is controlled.
The downhole intelligent pipe string includes the sequentially connected short circuit, Closed loop well, down-hole motor, nearly drill bit of capable of pressurizeingMeasurement and preceding spy system and intelligent drill bit；
The wet joint and described can pressurize are shorted connection.
The down-hole motor uses electric motor or screw motor；
It is shorted in the front end setting wireless transmission of the nearly drill bit measurement and preceding spy system, is arranged in the front end of down-hole motorWireless receiving is shorted, and is shorted by wireless transmission and wireless receiving is shorted the measurement for carrying out nearly drill bit measurement and the acquisition of preceding spy systemThe wireless transmission of data；
Or slot in the outer wall of the down-hole motor, cable is embedded to the outer wall of non-rotary down-hole motor, utilizes electricityCable is the measurement of nearly drill bit and preceding spy system power supply and signal transmission.
The coiled tubing of the tape cable is to be embedded in coiled tubing in cable built in coiled tubing, or by power cableTube wall in.
The downhole system further comprises fibre optical sensor, and the tube wall of coiled tubing is embedded in together with power cableIn.
The ground system further comprises: well head pressure regulating device, power supply unit, monitoring network；
The intelligent control platform adjusts well head pressure by the pressure control device；
The power supply unit is well site power supply；
The monitoring network provides the network transmission of signal for downhole data and intelligent drilling control platform, including remotely passesIt is defeated.
The intelligent control platform receives the remote real-time data in other well sites by the monitoring network in each well site, in conjunction with depositingData carry out intelligent control after the brill of storage, adjust the drilling activities of each well in real time.
The intelligent drilling method realized using the intelligent drilling system, comprising:
Step (1): before starting oil gas operation, the intelligent drilling control platform is according to other wells of the well site gotBrill after data, carry out the well structure design of the well, and determine that drilling well is opened time according to well structure design；
Step (2): injection head, wellhead blowout preventor and well head pressure are installed by Operation Tubing Aggregate group and matched lifting equipmentForce control device, while installing setting of casing derrick and monitoring network；
Step (3): the coiled tubing of tape cable is passed through into injection head in well head, then passes through wet joint and downhole intelligent pipeSeries winding connects；
Step (4): the coiled tubing and downhole intelligent well casing string of tripping in tape cable start to creep into, and open time being drilled oneAfterwards, the coiled tubing and downhole intelligent well casing string for playing tape cable out, using the setting of casing derrick tripping in casing, and cement the well；
Step (5): secondary, repetition step (4) is opened for each, until completing entire pit shaft drilling and complete well.
The ginseng that coiled tubing control platform is controlled by intelligent control platform in the step (4), adjusts the injection headNumber, including injection rate, discharge capacity；Well head pressure is adjusted by intelligent control platform；Coiled tubing by tape cable is undergroundIntelligent drilling pipe statements based on collusion electricity, lower teletype command and upload measurement data, the measurement data includes engineering parameter and geologic parameter.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) intelligent drilling simplified using CT, saved cost, improve drilling efficiency, it is easy to accomplish；
(2) intelligent integration of downhole tool, information high speed real-time Transmission, provide acquisition of information and transmission for intelligenceIt ensures；
(3) intelligent drilling control platform merges ground, underground data, and real time monitoring, accident are realized in simulation in real time, assessmentEarly warning and scheme real-time optimization；
(4) it in continuous tube wall power cable laying and optical fiber and sensor, while power supply for shaft bottom, may be implemented along brillThe distributed measurement of the engineering parameters such as temperature, pressure, the flow velocity of column.
Detailed description of the invention
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 intelligent drilling method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
A kind of intelligent drilling system utilizes the integrated long-range control of coiled tubing, data acquisition and real-time monitoring, modified systemThe intelligent drilling method of system, as shown in Figure 1 comprising three parts, ground system, downhole system and intelligent drilling control platform23。
The ground system includes: Operation Tubing Aggregate group 1, coiled tubing control platform 2, roller of continuous oil pipe 3, setting of casingDerrick 4, injection head 5, swivel control head 6, mating blowout control equipment 7, well head pressure regulating device 16, power supply unit 17, monitoring netNetwork 18.
The downhole system includes: that coiled tubing 9, fibre optical sensor 24, wet joint 10, the Intelligent pressing of tape cable are shorted11, Closed loop well 12, down-hole motor 13, the measurement of nearly drill bit and preceding spy system 14, intelligent drill bit 15.If being only undergroundInstrument power supply provides signal transmission, just directlys adopt cable；If also needing to measure downhole temperature and stress information, directlyUsing optical fiber as sensor, can be selected according to the actual situation.
The intelligent drilling control platform 23 is assessed after being substantially carried out ground, subsurface information fusion, brill front simulation, brill, is realWhen monitoring, accident early warning, scheme real-time optimization, remote transmission etc., these functions are that individual event is realized at present, and the present invention passes through bigThese functions are brought together by type intelligent control platform 23, are effectively combined data with existing and real time data to be corrected optimization and are boredInto.The platform 23 can control the probing of multiple wells, well 19, well 20, well 21, the well 22 of example as shown in figure 1.
The working principle of the system is as follows: before starting oil gas operation, intelligent control platform 23 is according to the well gotData after the brill of other wells of field, carry out the well structure design of the well.Coiled tubing injection head 5 is connected in well head, by undergroundIntelligent pipe string is connected by wet joint 10.Downhole intelligent pipe string includes intelligent booster short circuit 11, Closed loop well 12, underground horseUp to 13 and nearly drill bit measures and preceding spy system 14, and intelligent drill bit 15.
Then, tripping in tape cable coiled tubing 9 controls coiled tubing control platform 2 by intelligent control platform 23, adjustsSave the parameter (injection rate, discharge capacity etc.) of coiled tubing injection head 5.It can be used for cased derrick 4, continuous oil in well head settingTube injection head 5, swivel control head 6, mating preventer 7 etc., wherein derrick 4 is used for casing job, and injection head 5 is for continuousThe tripping in of oil pipe, swivel control head 6 are used for controlled pressure drilling (MPD), and intelligent control platform 23 is controlled by the well head pressure on groundDevice 16 adjusts well head pressure.
Wherein, floor power supply device 17 is all electricity needs power supplies in well site.Monitoring network 18 is downhole data and intelligenceDrilling Control platform 23 provides the network transmission of signal, including remote transmission.
The wet joint 10 connects cable, is downhole intelligent for connecting tape cable coiled tubing and downhole intelligent pipe stringPipe statements based on collusion electricity, provides signal transduction pathway.
Intelligent pressing device 11, for applying bit pressure, the liquid being mainly based upon in coiled tubing for downhole intelligent drill bit 15Power principle is pressurized.
In cable built in coiled tubing, downhole intelligent well casing string is connected by wet joint, is powered, to be downhole intelligentWell casing statements based on collusion electricity and lower teletype command and upload measurement data, or power cable and optical fiber are embedded in continuous tube wall, it isWhile downhole intelligent well casing statements based on collusion electricity and lower teletype command and upload measurement data, the temperature, pressure, circulation of full well depth are realizedThe implementation of flow velocity etc. measures.Intelligent pressing pipe string ensures for applying stable bit pressure and stablizes drilling.
Downhole closed loop control system 12, main includes three measurement, guiding and control parts, by measuring real time data(engineering parameter and geologic parameter) is oriented to (job parameters such as adjustment tool-face).In the measurement of nearly drill bit and preceding spy system 14Under the calibration of the nearly drill bit data (nearly drill bit engineering parameter and geologic parameter) of measurement, operation ginseng is adjusted by intelligent control platformNumber finally realizes accurate real time job control.
Wherein, due to nearly drill bit measurement and preceding spy system short circuit be directly connected with drill bit, nearly drill bit measure and it is precedingSpy system needs installation down-hole motor 13 before being shorted, be used for bit, and down-hole motor 13 can be electric motor, be also possible to spiral shellBar drives screw rod rotation by fluid power, provides torque in underground for intelligent drill bit.Since screw rod is located at the measurement of nearly drill bit and preceding spyBetween system 14 and downhole closed loop control system 12, two kinds of sides can be passed through with brill data in nearly drill bit measurement and preceding spy systemFormula transmits real time information, and first way is to install wireless receiving before and after screw rod by wireless transmission and transmission is shorted, that is, existSetting wireless transmission is shorted before nearly drill bit measurement and preceding spy system 14, and in 13 front end of down-hole motor, setting wireless receiving is shorted, intoThe nearly drill bit measurement of row and the wireless transmission of preceding 14 measurement data of spy system；The second way is incited somebody to action in down-hole motor outer wall cuttingIt is the measurement of nearly drill bit and preceding spy system power supply and signal transmission passage that cable, which is embedded to non-rotary down-hole motor outer wall,.
Measurement while drilling tool, the measurement of nearly drill bit and preceding spy system in closed-loop control system 12, with cable power supply, measurement ginsengNumber includes engineering parameter and geologic parameter, and measured data are used for downhole drill by cable transmission to intelligent control platformOperation intelligent control.Intelligent control platform can by with boring data center or remote job center of the data transmission to rear, intoThe control of row remote job realizes that downhole data is shared, and the offset well to creep into provides reference, reduces down-hole accident, mentionsHigh drillng operation efficiency.Intelligent control platform 23 can receive the long-range real-time of other well sites by the monitoring network 18 in each well siteData, in conjunction with storage brill after data carry out intelligent control, in real time adjust each well drilling activities.Intelligent control platform 23 collectsAt the functions such as assessment, real time monitoring, accident early warning, real-time optimization after the fusion of ground/subsurface information, brill front simulation, brill, intelligenceDrilling Control platform needs to receive the related data of drilling well, well head pressure, temperature, drilling speed, the bit pressure, earth's surface acquisition of ground systemThe data such as rock sample information, mud density receive string friction, gamma value, orientation, tool-face and the engineering ginseng of downhole systemNumber: pressure, temperature, hole deviation, orientation；Geologic parameter: the data such as density, neutron, porosity, permeability, in conjunction with the ground of drilling wellUnder the premise of the information such as matter and engineering parameter, engineering technology application information, accident situation, in the real-time ground and ground for receiving each wellAfter lower data, the look-ahead at platform, real time correction drilling parameter sends instruction modification drilling parameter (bit pressure, drilling speed, mudPulp density, while accident early warning is carried out, for example where be easy bit freezing, where be easy leakage, it answers time update mud density or mentionsPreceding preparation leak stopping etc.) or adjustment subsequent well scheme), really realize safe good and fast drilling.
After being drilled into interval of interest, acts coiled tubing 9, by derrick tripping in casing 8, and cement the well.Tripping in is charged againCable coiled tubing 9 and downhole intelligent pipe string continue to creep into.
Above three system cooperates, and intelligent drilling system is collectively formed.
The inventive method mainly comprises the steps that
Step (1): intelligent drilling control platform carries out the well of the well according to data after the brill of other wells of well site gotIt is secondary to determine that drilling well is opened according to well structure design for body structure design；
Step (2): coiled tubing injection head, wellhead blowout preventor are installed by Operation Tubing Aggregate group and matched lifting equipmentAnd pressure control device, while installing casing tripping in derrick and monitoring network；
Step (3): coiled tubing passes through injection head, and downhole intelligent well casing string is connected before tripping in；
Step (4): intelligent drilling pipe string under lower going-into-well starts to creep into, be drilled one open time after, act downhole intelligent drilling wellPipe string using derrick tripping in casing, and is cemented the well；
Step (5): secondary, repetition step (4) is opened for each, until completing entire pit shaft drilling and complete well.
The present invention (can be measured the temperature of different location with optical fiber and answered by tape cable and distributed fiberoptic sensorPower).Coiled tubing connect downhole intelligent well casing string, to realize the transmission of underground power supply used and signal, while and cased holeFrame combines, and realizes continuous pipe drilling well setting of casing.Downhole drill information is handled by monitoring network and intelligent drilling control platform,It is assessed in conjunction with brill front simulation and after boring, optimizes drilling plan in time and realize intelligent drilling, and with accident pre-warning function.This methodBe easily achieved, and facilitate it is easy to operate, so its application prospect is extensive.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at thisOn the basis of disclosure of the invention application method and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, be not limited solely to thisInvent method described in above-mentioned specific embodiment, therefore previously described mode is only preferred, and and do not have limitationThe meaning of property.