Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: in response to the foregoing, an auxiliary feeding epiglottis control system is provided for patients with stroke or other types of patients with dysphagia.
An auxiliary feeding epiglottis control system comprises a swallowing detector, a bioelectrode, a sealing detector, a controller and a power supply; the swallowing detector is used for detecting the muscle contraction of the palatopharyngeus muscle so as to determine whether swallowing action occurs, and the bioelectrode is used for stimulating the downward contraction of the epiglottis muscle; the seal detector is used for detecting the sealing degree of the air pipe; the controller is used for receiving signals of the swallowing detector and the sealing detector to control the bioelectrode; the power supply supplies power to the controller and the bioelectrodes.
Preferably, the swallowing detector is arranged in the palatopharyngeal muscle in the soft palate of the oral cavity, the swallowing detector comprises an insulating shell, a vibration detection unit, a detection probe and a current guide wire, one end of the detection probe is connected with the vibration detection unit, the other end of the detection probe is inserted into the palatopharyngeal muscle, the shape of the insertion end of the detection probe and the muscle is like a bullet, and a circle of stabilizing sleeve is arranged on the bullet-shaped detection probe.
Preferably, the stabilizing sleeve is round table-shaped, the inside cavity structure that is of round table-shaped stabilizing sleeve, two terminal surface openings that stabilize the sleeve set up, be provided with the screw thread on the inside wall that stabilizes the sleeve, set up the screw thread on the outer wall on the top of test probe, the screw thread that stabilizes sleeve and test probe's top pass through threaded connection and fix, the screw thread that stabilizes the sleeve inside wall is extended towards big circular opening face by little circular opening, the screw thread length that stabilizes the sleeve inside wall is two thirds of inside wall total length, the big circular opening face that stabilizes the sleeve forms the recess with test probe's face of cylinder.
Preferably, the vibration detection unit is arranged in the circular insulating shell, one end of the vibration detection unit is fixedly connected with the detection probe, the other end of the vibration detection unit is connected with the current guide wire, and the swallowing detector is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the bioelectrodes are disposed in muscles of the epiglottis, each bioelectrode being separately electrically connected to the controller and separately receiving control from the controller.
Preferably, the seal detector is disposed on top of the trachea, the seal detector being electrically connected to the controller.
Preferably, the seal detector is fixedly connected with the air pipe, the whole disc-shaped seal detector is sleeved with a protective sleeve, the protective sleeve is used for annularly wrapping the seal detector, the protective sleeve is connected with the seal detector in a clamping mode, a fixing rod is arranged at the center of the bottom of the protective sleeve, an included angle is formed between the fixing rod and the bottom plane of the protective sleeve, the included angle ranges from 30 degrees to 80 degrees, and the bottom end of the fixing rod is connected with a stabilizing sleeve through a bolt.
Preferably, the controller is arranged outside the body, and comprises a bioelectric generator, a data storage and a data processor; the bioelectric generator is used for generating bioelectric power and transmitting the bioelectric power to the bioelectrode through a lead so as to stimulate muscle cells of the epiglottis and trigger the contraction of the epiglottis; the data storage is used for storing the transmission signal of the swallowing detector and the transmission signal of the sealing detector; the data processor is configured to process the transmission signal of the swallowing detector and the transmission signal of the sealing detector.
Preferably, the seal detector is connected with a flexible wire, and the flexible wire is electrically connected with the controller.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The large circular opening surface of the stabilizing sleeve and the cylindrical surface of the detection probe form a gap in the groove to be filled, so that the probe is stabilized in the muscle, when the probe needs to be pulled out, the tip of the detection probe only needs to be rotated out of the stabilizing sleeve, secondary injury to a patient is reduced, the stabilizing sleeve made of biological materials can be automatically degraded in the muscle, normal contraction of the muscle is not influenced, and physical functions of the patient are not influenced.
2. When bioelectrodes in the invention release bioelectricity to directly stimulate epiglottis muscles, the epiglottis can timely make feedback, so that the epiglottis moves downwards to seal the trachea, thereby preventing the condition that food enters the trachea due to untimely epiglottis reaction of patients.
3. After the epiglottis muscle is stimulated by the same bioelectrode for a long time to trigger contraction of the epiglottis muscle, the contraction intensity of the muscle can be enhanced, and then the stimulation frequency of the bioelectrode is reduced, so that on one hand, the use of bioelectrodes and electric quantity can be reduced, energy sources can be saved, and on the other hand, the patient can be assisted to strengthen the reinforcement of the epiglottis contraction function, and the dependence on external instruments can be reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an auxiliary feeding epiglottis control system comprises a swallowing detector 1, a bioelectrode 2, a sealing detector 3, a controller 4 and a power supply; the swallowing detector 1 is used for detecting the contraction of the muscles of the palatopharyngeus muscle so as to determine whether the swallowing action occurs, and the bioelectrode 2 is used for stimulating the downward contraction of the muscles of the epiglottis 5; the seal detector 3 is used for detecting the sealing degree of the air pipe; the controller 4 is used for receiving signals of the swallowing detector 1 and the sealing detector 3 to control the bioelectrode 2; the power supply supplies power to the controller 4 and the bioelectrodes 2.
In one embodiment, the swallowing detector 1 is arranged in the palatopharyngeal muscle in the soft palate of the oral cavity, the swallowing detector 1 is circular in shape, the swallowing detector comprises an insulating shell 11, a vibration detection unit 12, a detection probe 13 and a current guide wire 14, one end of the detection probe 13 is connected with the vibration detection unit 12, the other end of the detection probe 13 is inserted into the palatopharyngeal muscle, the detection probe 13 and the muscle insertion end are shaped like bullet heads, and a circle of stabilizing sleeves 15 are arranged on the bullet head-shaped detection probe 13.
The stabilizing sleeve 15 is in a round table shape, the inside of the round table-shaped stabilizing sleeve 15 is in a cavity structure, two end face openings of the stabilizing sleeve 15 are arranged, threads are arranged on the inner side wall of the stabilizing sleeve 15, threads are arranged on the outer wall of the top end of the detection probe 13, the stabilizing sleeve 15 and the top end of the detection probe 13 are fixedly connected through threads, the threads on the inner side wall of the stabilizing sleeve 15 extend from a small round opening face 151 to a large round opening face 152, the thread length of the inner side wall of the stabilizing sleeve 15 is two thirds of the total length of the inner side wall, when the stabilizing sleeve 15 is in threaded connection with the detection probe 13, the tip end part of the top of the detection probe 13 protrudes out of the small round opening face 151 of the stabilizing sleeve 15, the large round opening face 152 of the stabilizing sleeve 15 is separated from the cylindrical surface of the detection probe 13, and grooves are formed in the large round opening face 152 of the stabilizing sleeve 15 and the cylindrical surface of the detection probe 13.
When the probe pierces into the muscle, because the muscle has contractility, can be with the big circular opening face 152 of stable cover 15 and the face of cylinder of test probe 13 form the space filling up in the recess to stabilize the probe in the muscle, stable cover 15 is made by biological material, when needs pull out the probe, only need with test probe 13 pointed end rotate out stable cover 15 can, reduced the secondary injury to patient, the stable cover 15 that biological material was made can degrade by oneself in the muscle, can not influence the normal shrink of muscle, can not cause the influence to patient's physical function.
The vibration detection unit 12 is arranged in the circular insulating shell 11, one end of the vibration detection unit 12 is fixedly connected with the detection probe 13, the other end of the vibration detection unit is connected with the current guide wire, when the tip of the detection probe 13 detects muscle contraction, the detection probe 13 transmits contraction signals to the vibration detection unit 12, the vibration detection unit 12 generates electric signals to transmit the electric signals to the current guide wire 14 after confirming that the signals are swallowing signals according to muscle contraction force and time length, the current guide wire 14 transmits the signals to the controller 4, the stable sleeve 15 is inserted into and fixed to muscles and forms a stable structure with the muscles, the vibration detection unit 12 can be guaranteed not to transmit the electric signals due to muscle contraction caused by external vibration, and misoperation is discharged, so that detection is more efficient and accurate, the swallowing detector 1 is electrically connected with the controller 4, and when pharyngeal muscles contract, the swallowing detector 1 transmits the electric signals to the controller 4 processes the received signals.
In another embodiment, the bioelectrode 2 is disposed in a muscle of the epiglottis, and when bioelectricity is received by bioelectricity is released to the epiglottis muscle, the epiglottis muscle is contracted, causing the epiglottis to contract down to seal the trachea 6. The bioelectrode 2 is arranged in the muscle to more accurately transmit an electric signal to the muscle unit, thereby more rapidly controlling the epiglottis 5.
When a person swallows, the duration is usually 0.5 s-1.5 s, which requires faster control, and the contraction time of the muscles is usually 10 ms-300 ms according to the different muscles, so when bioelectrodes 2 release bioelectricity to directly stimulate the muscles of the epiglottis 5, the epiglottis 5 can timely give feedback, so that the epiglottis 5 moves downwards to seal the trachea, and the condition that the epiglottis 5 of a patient does not react timely, and food enters the trachea 6 is prevented.
In this embodiment, the bioelectrode 2 is disposed in the contracting muscle of the epiglottis 5, the bioelectrode 2 is separately and electrically connected with the controller 4, the bioelectrode 2 receives the control of the controller 4, the bioelectrode 2 receives the electric signal transmitted by the controller 5 and directly acts on the muscle unit to cause the epiglottis to contract downwards, cover the trachea 6, and the bolus or liquid slides into the esophagus from the oral cavity to complete the swallowing function.
The bioelectrode 2 receives different stimulation frequencies, the common stimulation frequency is 20-50 HZ, and the strength of the contraction of the muscle is controlled through the different stimulation frequencies.
In another embodiment, the seal detector 3 is disposed on top of the airway 6, and automatically detects the degree of sealing of the airway 3 when the epiglottis 2 contracts downward, the seal detector 3 being electrically connected to the controller 4. The utility model discloses a sealed detector, including sealed detector 3, protection sheath 31, flexible wire 33, controller 4 electricity is connected to the flexible wire 33, sealed detector 3 and trachea 6 fixed connection, sealed detector 3 is whole to be the disc, and sealed detector 3 overcoat of disc is equipped with protective sheath 31, protective sheath 31 and sealed detector 3 joint are lived sealed detector 3 annular, and the bottom center of protective sheath 31 sets up dead lever 32, there is the contained angle between dead lever 32 and the protective sheath 31 bottom plane, and the scope of contained angle is between 30 ~80, the bottom and the stable cover 15 bolted connection of dead lever 32, be connected with flexible wire 33 on the sealed detector 3.
When the seal detector 3 is mounted, the fixing rod 32 is inserted into the tracheal wall, the seal detector 3 can be firmly fixed on the tracheal wall due to the groove on the stabilizing sleeve 15, and the angle of the fixing rod 32 of the seal detector 3 should be adjusted when the seal detector 3 is arranged, so that all directions of the tracheal 6 are detected. The accuracy of the detection is improved, and when the epiglottis 5 moves downwards, the trachea 6 is closed, and at this time the seal detector 3 starts to operate the detection function, and detected data is transmitted to the controller 4 through the flexible wire 33.
In another embodiment, the controller 4 is disposed outside the body, specifically fixed at the chest position, and the fixing at the chest position can reduce the length of the signal transmission wire, so as to improve the timeliness of detection. The controller 4 comprises a bioelectric generator, a data storage and a data processor; the bioelectric generator is used for generating bioelectric power and transmitting the bioelectric power to the bioelectrode 2 through a lead so as to stimulate muscle cells of the epiglottis 5 and trigger the shrinkage of the epiglottis 5; the data storage is used for storing the transmission signal of the swallowing detector 1 and the transmission signal of the sealing detector 3; the data processor is used for processing the transmission signals of the swallowing detector 1 and the transmission signals of the sealing detector 3, determining which are false actions, confirming the authenticity of the swallowing signals after comparison, and then sending control signals to the bioelectric generator.
The invention also discloses a control method of the auxiliary epiglottis control system, which comprises the following steps:
step one: the palatopharyngeal muscle contraction signal in the soft palate of the oral cavity is detected from a swallowing detector and transmitted to a controller.
Step two: the controller judges the authenticity of the swallowing signal, and then sends out bioelectricity to the bioelectrode, and the stimulation frequency is set to be 50HZ when the bioelectrode is triggered for the first time.
Step three: the airtight detector detects the tightness of the air pipe when the epiglottis is contracted, and transmits output to the controller; the controller divides the tightness into three grades of strong, medium and weak according to the signal detected by the tightness detector;
if the air tightness degree is detected to be strong, the controller stores the data, and when the next swallowing signal is triggered, the controller reduces the stimulation frequency which is conducted to the bioelectrode by 5HZ;
If the air tightness degree is detected as the middle air tightness degree, the controller stores the data, and the stimulation frequency of the controller to the bioelectrode is kept unchanged when the next swallowing signal is triggered;
If the air tightness is detected as the air tightness, the controller stores the data, and the controller increases the stimulation frequency of the bioelectrode by 5HZ when the next swallowing signal is triggered.
The bioelectrode stimulates muscle cells and can gradually strengthen the contraction activity, so that after the bioelectrode with the same stimulation frequency stimulates epiglottis muscle to trigger the contraction of the epiglottis muscle for a long time, the contraction strength of the muscle can be strengthened, the detection is based on the air tightness degree of the air tube, and then the bioelectrode stimulation frequency is reduced, so that on one hand, the use of bioelectrodes and electric quantity can be reduced, the energy is saved, and on the other hand, the patient can be assisted to strengthen the reinforcement of the epiglottis contraction function, and the dependence on external instruments is reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.