Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic fertilizer variable application devices and its method based on conductivity detection, solveThat there are working widths is small for organic fertilizer fertilizer distributor in the prior art, and broadcast application is uneven, cannot online variable precision application the problems such as.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer variables based on conductivity detection to apply dressIt sets, comprising: soil conductivity testing agency, traction device, variable fertilization control system and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism；Wherein:
The soil conductivity testing agency, variable fertilization control system and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism are set to described leadOn leading-in device, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is connect with the variable fertilization control system, the variable fertilization control system withThe soil conductivity testing agency connection；
For detecting soil conductivity, the variable fertilization control system passes through soil for the soil conductivity testing agencyConductivity controls the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate.
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency includes three pairs of electrodes disposed in parallel, and one pair of them electrode is electric currentEnd, two pairs of electrodes are voltage end.
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency and the traction device are hinged by parallel four-bar linkage, describedParallel four-bar linkage is equipped with hydraulic cylinder.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system includes hydraulic device and single-chip microcontroller, the hydraulic device and the monolithicMachine connection, the single-chip microcontroller adjust the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate for controlling the hydraulic device.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system further includes velocity sensor and GPS module, the velocity sensor and instituteIt states GPS module to be set on the traction device, and is connect with the single-chip microcontroller.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism includes flow valve, fertilizer box, send fertile device and throw fertile device, the flowValve is set at the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box, and is connect with the variable fertilization control system, and the fertile device of the throwing passes through describedFertile device is sent to connect with the fertilizer box.
Wherein, the fertile device of the throwing includes driving device and multiple centrifugation broadcast application disks, the driving device and the centrifugationThe connection of broadcast application disk, and the driving device is set to the bottom of the centrifugation broadcast application disk.
Wherein, described send is additionally provided with speed probe on fertile device, and the speed probe and the variable fertilization controlSystem connection.
The present invention discloses a kind of method of administration of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection, comprising:
S1, soil conductivity testing agency measure soil conductivity,
S2, variable fertilization control system converse the soil organism by the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism and containAmount distribution, handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart in conjunction with GIS software；
S3, organic fertilizer scattering mechanism apply fertilizer according to Fertilization prescription chart real-time variable.
Wherein, step S3 further includes being detected using the travel speed of velocity sensor detection traction device using GPS moduleThe position of traction device, using the revolving speed for sending fertile device of speed probe detection organic fertilizer scattering mechanism, according to traction deviceTravel speed, position and send fertile device revolving speed and Fertilization prescription chart control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism real-time variable fertilising.
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection provided by the invention, passes through soil electricityConductance testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity generates prescription map, and calculates and controlled by variable fertilization control systemThe fertilising of machine fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision.The present invention can reduce labor cost, and broadcast application is uniform, and work efficiency is high, online to becomeTree Precise Fertilization is measured, mechanization and the degree of automation are improved.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Following instanceFor illustrating the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phaseEven ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It canTo be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediaryConnection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete conditionConcrete meaning in invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention discloses a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection, comprising: soilConductivity testing agency 1, traction device 2, variable fertilization control system 3 and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism；Wherein:
The soil conductivity testing agency 1, variable fertilization control system 3 and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism are set to describedOn traction device 2, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is connect with the variable fertilization control system 3, variable fertilization control systemSystem 3 is connect with the soil conductivity testing agency 1；
The soil conductivity testing agency 1 is for detecting soil conductivity；The variable fertilization control system 3 passes through soilEarth conductivity controls the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate.
Specifically, the present invention detects the conductivity in soil by soil conductivity testing agency 1, and utilize variable fertilizationControl system 3 show that soil organic matter content is distributed according to the conversion of the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism, in conjunction with GISSoftware handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart, the online variable precision fertilising of control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism.
A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection provided by the invention, passes through soil electricityConductance testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity generates prescription map, and calculates and controlled by variable fertilization control systemThe fertilising of machine fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision.The present invention can reduce labor cost, and broadcast application is uniform, and work efficiency is high, online to becomeTree Precise Fertilization is measured, mechanization and the degree of automation are improved.
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency 1 includes three pairs of electrodes disposed in parallel, and one pair of them electrode is electric currentEnd, two pairs of electrodes are voltage end.Current terminal provides required measurement pumping signal, and the potential difference by detecting two pairs of voltage ends is changedCalculate the conductivity of dielectric material.Specifically, the electrode in the present embodiment is electrode discs.Specifically, detection soil conductivityMethod it is basic there are two types of, one is the current and voltage method that the application mentions, advantage be ortho states in situ detection, duty cycle not byLimit, the disadvantage is that mechanism is complicated, is influenced by soil regime, and another kind is electromagnetic induction method, is a kind of non-contact detection soilEarth conductivity, by emitting electromagnetic wave, reception electromagnetic wave obtains soil conductivity, and advantage is: scanning measurement, structure is simple,Soil disturbance is smaller, the disadvantage is that: duty cycle is limited, is influenced greatly by air moisture content etc..
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency 1 and the traction device 2 are hinged by parallel four-bar linkage, instituteParallel four-bar linkage is stated equipped with hydraulic cylinder.By Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder parallel four-bar linkage upper and lower translation, drives and connect itThe soil conductivity testing agency 1 of end moves to different detection depth, specifically, electrode discs is driven to move to differenceDetect depth.
Wherein, the traction device 2 uses tractor, by soil conductivity testing agency 1, variable fertilization control system 3And organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is both secured on tractor.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system 3 includes hydraulic device and single-chip microcontroller, the hydraulic device and the monolithicMachine connection, the single-chip microcontroller adjust the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate for controlling the hydraulic device.MonolithicThe soil conductivity information that soil conductivity testing agency 1 detects is converted into the soil organism by logical algorithm and contained by machineAmount, and handle to obtain Fertilization prescription chart by GIS software, judge whether to need application of organic fertilizers and fertilising dosage, and drive liquidPressure device controls organic fertilizer scattering mechanism variable spray.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system 3 further includes velocity sensor 5 and GPS module 6, the velocity sensor 5It is set on the traction device 2 with the GPS module 6, and is connect with the single-chip microcontroller.It is detected and is drawn by GPS module 6The geographical location of device 2, to judge the position in prescription map, velocity sensor 5 detects the travel speed of traction device 2 to sentenceDisconnected when reach needs place of applying fertilizer, and above-mentioned detection information is uploaded to single-chip microcontroller, and single-chip microcontroller carries out logical operation, judgement simultaneouslyAssign instruction.Specifically, velocity sensor 5 is switched using near-earth, be fixed on the inside of the rear-wheel of tractor, signal output end withSingle-chip microcontroller is connected, and speed signal is acquired and is calibrated by interrupt routine.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism includes flow valve, fertilizer box 41, send fertile device 42 and throw fertile device 43, instituteFlow valve is stated at the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box 41, and is connect with the variable fertilization control system 3, the fertile device of the throwing43 send fertile device 42 to connect with the fertilizer box 41 by described.The aperture of flow valve is controlled in the present embodiment by single-chip microcontroller,Realize the control accurate transport of amount of organic fertilizer；Sending fertile device 42 is that chain type send fertile device, and power resources are in tractor itself liquidPressure system controls the movement speed of chain.
Preferably, the fertile device 43 of the throwing includes driving device and multiple centrifugation broadcast application disks, the driving device and describedIt is centrifuged the connection of broadcast application disk, and the driving device is set to the bottom of the centrifugation broadcast application disk.Preferably, centrifugation broadcast application disk is twoIt is a.In the present embodiment, fertile device 42 is sent first to throw organic fertilizer on fertile device 43 from being transported in fertilizer box 41, then pass through drivingDevice driving centrifugation broadcast application disk carries out broadcast application.It is carried out specifically, centrifugation broadcast application disk is driven by the driving device high speed rotation of bottomBroadcast application.
Preferably, described send is additionally provided with speed probe on fertile device 42, the speed probe and the variable fertilizationControl system 3 connects, the traveling speed for the traction device 2 that the single-chip microcontroller of variable fertilization control system 3 is fed back according to velocity sensor 5The chain type of degree and speed probe feedback send the revolving speed of fertile device, carries out closed loop adjusting, makes to send fertilizer more accurate.
Wherein, variable fertilization control system 3 further includes signal amplification circuit and touch screen, and signal amplification circuit is conducive to letterNumber transmission, touch screen facilitates staff to monitor in real time and operate.
Invention additionally discloses the method for administration that a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection is also disclosed, packetsIt includes:
S1, soil conductivity testing agency measure soil conductivity,
S2, variable fertilization control system converse the soil organism by the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism and containAmount distribution, handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart in conjunction with GIS software；
S3, organic fertilizer scattering mechanism apply fertilizer according to Fertilization prescription chart real-time variable.
Specifically, according to the relevant experimental data of soil conductivity and the content of organic matter, available soil conductivity withSoil organism correlation is inferred to soil organic matter content using this relationship and is distributed.
Wherein, step S3 further includes being detected using the travel speed of velocity sensor detection traction device using GPS moduleThe position of traction device, using the revolving speed for sending fertile device of speed probe detection organic fertilizer scattering mechanism, according to traction deviceTravel speed, position and send fertile device revolving speed and Fertilization prescription chart control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism real-time variable fertilising,According to the position of on-line measurement and travel speed, more accurate can apply fertilizer.
A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection provided by the invention, passes through soil electricityConductance testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity generates prescription map, and calculates and controlled by variable fertilization control systemThe fertilising of machine fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision.The present invention can reduce labor cost, and broadcast application is uniform, and work efficiency is high, online to becomeTree Precise Fertilization is measured, mechanization and the degree of automation are improved.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the inventionWithin mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.