技术领域Technical field
本发明属于无线电能传输技术领域，涉及一种基于电场耦合的圆柱形四极板结构水下无线电能传输装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission and relates to an underwater wireless power transmission device with a cylindrical quadrupole plate structure based on electric field coupling.
背景技术Background technique
如今，水下探测设备的应用越来越广泛，从原有的电缆连接供电，渐渐发展为自备电源供电。但这两种方式都需要探测设备在使用一段时间后，回到水面重新充电，这一过程无疑会浪费大量时间，而过于频繁的插拔电连接件也会对连接器造成损耗。Nowadays, underwater detection equipment is used more and more widely, and power supply has gradually developed from the original cable connection to self-contained power supply. However, both methods require the detection equipment to be returned to the surface for recharging after being used for a period of time. This process will undoubtedly waste a lot of time, and too frequent plugging and unplugging of electrical connections will also cause wear and tear on the connectors.
如若使用无线电能传输技术，在水下直接给探测设备供电，能缩短充电时间，提高工作效率，避免漏电等不安全因素。对于传统的磁场耦合方式，在水下环境中，由于水介质并不纯净，有一定的电导率，会引起涡流损耗；加之磁场不能穿越金属障碍，而且对设备会产生电磁干扰，导致传输效率大幅降低。相比之下，应用电场耦合的无线电能传输方式则更具优势：If wireless power transmission technology is used to directly power detection equipment underwater, it can shorten charging time, improve work efficiency, and avoid unsafe factors such as leakage. For the traditional magnetic field coupling method, in the underwater environment, because the water medium is not pure and has a certain conductivity, it will cause eddy current loss; in addition, the magnetic field cannot pass through metal obstacles, and it will cause electromagnetic interference to the equipment, resulting in a significant increase in transmission efficiency. reduce. In contrast, wireless power transmission using electric field coupling has more advantages:
1)由于运用电场耦合原理，在水下，特别是海水中优势显著，不产生涡流，能量损耗较小。1) Due to the application of the electric field coupling principle, it has significant advantages underwater, especially in sea water, as no eddy currents are generated and the energy loss is small.
2)耦合电场基本被限制在电容极板之间，电磁辐射大大减少，降低了对系统的电磁干扰。2) The coupled electric field is basically limited between the capacitor plates, and the electromagnetic radiation is greatly reduced, reducing the electromagnetic interference to the system.
3)通过电场传输能量不会被金属障碍物阻隔。3) Energy transmission through electric fields will not be blocked by metal obstacles.
4)电场耦合系统体积小，重量轻，系统发热小。4) The electric field coupling system is small in size, light in weight and generates little system heat.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种基于电场耦合的圆柱形四极板结构水下无线电能传输装置，使之在水中工作，为水下设备供电。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an underwater wireless power transmission device with a cylindrical quadrupole plate structure based on electric field coupling, so that it can work in water and provide power to underwater equipment.
本发明的技术方案：Technical solution of the present invention:
一种基于电场耦合的圆柱形四极板结构水下无线电能传输装置，包括发射部分和接收部分；An underwater wireless power transmission device with a cylindrical quadrupole plate structure based on electric field coupling, including a transmitting part and a receiving part;
所述的发射部分安装在充电基站1中，包括供电电源、高频逆变模块、谐振补偿模块和电能发射端4；所述的充电基站1中沿水平方向设有圆柱形的充电通道2，充电通道2内的下部设有平台3，用于放置水下探测器10；所述的电能发射端4共两个，对称安装在充电通道2的内壁上，电能发射端4为空心的圆柱形结构；所述的供电电源、高频逆变模块和谐振补偿模块顺次相连后，再与电能发射端4相连，提供电能；The transmitting part is installed in the charging base station 1 and includes a power supply, a high-frequency inverter module, a resonance compensation module and an electric energy transmitting end 4; the charging base station 1 is provided with a cylindrical charging channel 2 along the horizontal direction. The lower part of the charging channel 2 is provided with a platform 3 for placing the underwater detector 10; there are two electric energy transmitting ends 4, which are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the charging channel 2. The electric energy transmitting end 4 is hollow cylindrical. Structure; after the power supply, high-frequency inverter module and resonance compensation module are connected in sequence, they are then connected to the electric energy transmitting end 4 to provide electric energy;
所述的接收部分安装在水下探测器10中，包括电能接收端5、整流模块和水下探测器电池；所述的电能接收端5为空心的圆柱形结构，共两个，对称套装在水下探测器10外表面；电能接收端5与整流模块相连后，再与水下探测器电池相连；所述的发射部分与接收部分对接后，发射部分与接收部分最终形成闭合的回路，为水下探测器电池充电；The receiving part is installed in the underwater detector 10 and includes an electric energy receiving end 5, a rectifier module and an underwater detector battery; the electric energy receiving end 5 is a hollow cylindrical structure, there are two in total, and they are symmetrically set in The outer surface of the underwater detector 10; after the power receiving end 5 is connected to the rectifier module, it is then connected to the underwater detector battery; after the transmitting part and the receiving part are docked, the transmitting part and the receiving part finally form a closed loop, as Underwater detector battery charging;
所述的电能发射端4与电能接收端5的圆柱壁分为四层，由外至内依次为电容极板6、绝缘保护层7、密封防水层8和缓冲保护层9，以适应水下工作条件，减轻物体碰撞对装置造成的损耗；电能发射端4的电容极板6作为发射电极，电能接收端5的电容极板6作为接收电极，电能发射端4的内直径大于电能接收端5的内直径，电能接收端5在电能发射端4中自由旋转；The cylindrical walls of the electric energy transmitting end 4 and the electric energy receiving end 5 are divided into four layers. From the outside to the inside, they are the capacitor plate 6, the insulating protective layer 7, the sealing waterproof layer 8 and the buffer protective layer 9 to adapt to the underwater environment. The working conditions reduce the loss caused by the collision of objects to the device; the capacitor plate 6 of the electric energy transmitting end 4 is used as a transmitting electrode, and the capacitive plate 6 of the electric energy receiving end 5 is used as a receiving electrode. The inner diameter of the electric energy transmitting end 4 is larger than the electric energy receiving end 5 The inner diameter of the electric energy receiving end 5 is free to rotate in the electric energy transmitting end 4;
当水下探测器10不需要充电时，水下探测器10与充电基站1分离；当水下探测器10需要充电时，水下探测器10进入位于充电基站1的充电通道2内，置于平台3上，使水下探测器10外表面的电能接收端5与充电基站1中的电能发射端4同轴；两组电能发射端4与电能接收端5形成圆柱形四极板电场耦合机构；充电基站1中的供电电源为高频逆变模块供电，高频逆变模块输出的交流电经谐振补偿模块后，输送到电能发射端4；电能发射端4的电能通过电场耦合的方式传递给电能接收端5；电能接收端5接收的交流电经整流模块后整流为直流电，为水下探测器电池充电，实现了基于电场耦合的圆柱形四极板结构水下无线电能传输。When the underwater detector 10 does not need to be charged, the underwater detector 10 is separated from the charging base station 1; when the underwater detector 10 needs to be charged, the underwater detector 10 enters the charging channel 2 located in the charging base station 1 and is placed On the platform 3, the electric energy receiving end 5 on the outer surface of the underwater detector 10 is coaxial with the electric energy transmitting end 4 in the charging base station 1; the two sets of electric energy transmitting ends 4 and the electric energy receiving end 5 form a cylindrical four-pole plate electric field coupling mechanism ; The power supply in the charging base station 1 supplies power to the high-frequency inverter module. The AC power output by the high-frequency inverter module is transmitted to the power transmitting end 4 after passing through the resonance compensation module; the electric energy at the power transmitting end 4 is transmitted to Power receiving end 5; the alternating current received by the power receiving end 5 is rectified into direct current by the rectifier module to charge the underwater detector battery, realizing underwater wireless power transmission based on the cylindrical four-pole plate structure based on electric field coupling.
所述的高频逆变模块主要由PWM发生电路、光耦隔离电路、驱动电路和基于MOSFET的全桥逆变电路构成；所述的谐振补偿模块为LC补偿电路。The high-frequency inverter module is mainly composed of a PWM generation circuit, an optocoupler isolation circuit, a drive circuit and a MOSFET-based full-bridge inverter circuit; the resonance compensation module is an LC compensation circuit.
所述的电容极板6的材质为铜或铝。The capacitor plate 6 is made of copper or aluminum.
所述的绝缘保护层7的材质为电气绝缘材料，如陶瓷。The insulating protective layer 7 is made of electrical insulating material, such as ceramics.
所述的缓冲保护层9的材质为橡胶。The buffer protective layer 9 is made of rubber.
工作原理：水下探测器10在水下充电时可能受到水流的影响而发生相对旋转运动，此时使用本发明装置更具有优势，本发明装置可以为各种状态下的水下探测器10进行无线电能传输。在该装置中，位于充电基站1中的两个较大的外圆柱体作为电能发射端4，位于水下探测器10内部的电能接收端5为较小的内圆柱体，电能接收端5可以自由旋转。每对耦合电极由电能发射端4的电容极板6和外电能接收端5的电容极板6组成，电能发射端4的电容极板6为发射电极，电能接收端5的电容极板6为接收电极时，将电场耦合机构等效为电容，等效电容可表示为：其中ε0、εr、h、ln、rout、rin分别表示真空介电常数、相对介电常数、圆柱体的高度、自然对数、外圆柱体的半径和内圆柱体的半径。同时，可以使用较小的内圆柱体来增大总的耦合面积，以适应水下工作环境。Working principle: When charging underwater, the underwater detector 10 may be affected by the water flow and undergo relative rotational movement. At this time, it is more advantageous to use the device of the present invention. The device of the present invention can charge the underwater detector 10 in various states. Wireless power transmission. In this device, the two larger outer cylinders located in the charging base station 1 serve as the electric energy transmitting end 4, and the electric energy receiving end 5 located inside the underwater detector 10 is a smaller inner cylinder. The electric energy receiving end 5 can Free spins. Each pair of coupling electrodes is composed of a capacitive plate 6 at the electric energy transmitting end 4 and a capacitive plate 6 at the external electric energy receiving end 5. The capacitive plate 6 at the electric energy transmitting end 4 is a transmitting electrode, and the capacitive plate 6 at the electric energy receiving end 5 is When receiving the electrode, the electric field coupling mechanism is equivalent to a capacitor, and the equivalent capacitance can be expressed as: Among them, ε0 , εr , h, ln, rout and rin respectively represent the vacuum dielectric constant, relative dielectric constant, height of the cylinder, natural logarithm, radius of the outer cylinder and radius of the inner cylinder. At the same time, a smaller inner cylinder can be used to increase the total coupling area to adapt to the underwater working environment.
本发明适用于为长时间水下工作的探测器进行无线电能传输。The invention is suitable for wireless power transmission for detectors that work underwater for a long time.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1)组成部件均为成熟的工业产品，容易实施。(1) The components are mature industrial products and easy to implement.
(2)使用无线电能传输技术，避免过于频繁的插拔电连接件对连接器造成损耗。(2) Use wireless power transmission technology to avoid connector damage caused by too frequent plugging and unplugging of electrical connections.
(3)在水下为设备供电，避免探测器回到水面重新充电而浪费时间。(3) Power the device underwater to avoid wasting time when the detector returns to the surface to recharge.
(4)通过电场传输能量不会被金属障碍物阻隔。(4) Energy transmission through electric fields will not be blocked by metal obstacles.
(5)运用电场耦合原理，在水下，特别是海水中优势显著，不产生涡流，能量损耗较小。(5) Using the principle of electric field coupling, it has significant advantages underwater, especially in sea water, as no eddy currents are generated and the energy loss is small.
(6)耦合电场基本被限制在电容极板之间，电磁辐射大大减少，降低了对系统的电磁干扰。(6) The coupled electric field is basically limited between the capacitor plates, and the electromagnetic radiation is greatly reduced, reducing the electromagnetic interference to the system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1(a)是本发明装置的接收端的xz平面示意图。Figure 1(a) is an xz plane schematic diagram of the receiving end of the device of the present invention.
图1(b)是本发明装置的发射端的xz平面示意图。Figure 1(b) is an xz plane schematic diagram of the transmitting end of the device of the present invention.
图2是水下探测器停放在充电通道内部的平台时的zy平面视图。Figure 2 is a plan view of the underwater detector when it is parked on the platform inside the charging channel.
图3是无线电能传输装置主要组成示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main components of the wireless power transmission device.
图4(a)是电场耦合机构示意图。Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the electric field coupling mechanism.
图4(b)是电能发射端和电能接收端的剖面图。Figure 4(b) is a cross-sectional view of the power transmitting end and the power receiving end.
图5是高频逆变模块示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency inverter module.
图中：1充电基站；2充电通道；3平台；4电能发射端；5电能接收端；6电容极板；7绝缘保护层；8密封防水层；9缓冲保护层；10水下探测器。In the picture: 1 charging base station; 2 charging channel; 3 platform; 4 power transmitter; 5 power receiver; 6 capacitor plate; 7 insulation protective layer; 8 sealing and waterproof layer; 9 buffer protective layer; 10 underwater detector.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和技术方案，进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.
一种基于电场耦合的圆柱形四极板结构水下无线电能传输装置的实施步骤如下：The implementation steps of an underwater wireless power transmission device with a cylindrical quadrupole plate structure based on electric field coupling are as follows:
图1(a)、图1(b)、图2所示是本发明装置的xz平面、zy平面视图。所安装的充电基站1位于30米深海域，最大传输功率为200W。充电基站1内部存在一条充电通道2，充电时，水下探测器10停置于充电通道内部的平台3上，使水下探测器10内部的电能接收端5与充电基站1中的电能发射端4的轴线位于同一水平面上。电能接收端5的两圆柱形的电容极板6与电能发射端4的两圆柱形的电容极板6构成圆柱形四极板电场耦合机构，通过此圆柱形四极板电场耦合机构实现无线电能传输。Figure 1(a), Figure 1(b) and Figure 2 show xz plane and zy plane views of the device of the present invention. The installed charging base station 1 is located in the 30-meter deep sea area, with a maximum transmission power of 200W. There is a charging channel 2 inside the charging base station 1. When charging, the underwater detector 10 is parked on the platform 3 inside the charging channel, so that the electric energy receiving end 5 inside the underwater detector 10 is connected with the electric energy transmitting end in the charging base station 1. The axes of 4 are on the same horizontal plane. The two cylindrical capacitive plates 6 of the electric energy receiving end 5 and the two cylindrical capacitive plates 6 of the electric energy transmitting end 4 form a cylindrical four-pole plate electric field coupling mechanism. Wireless energy is realized through this cylindrical four-pole plate electric field coupling mechanism. transmission.
图3所示是无线电能传输装置主要组成示意图。其中高频逆变模块可提供频率高达1MHz的交流电，经谐振补偿模块减小系统无功功率，通过圆柱形四极板电场耦合机构实现无线电能传输。Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the main components of the wireless power transmission device. Among them, the high-frequency inverter module can provide alternating current with a frequency of up to 1MHz, reduce the reactive power of the system through the resonance compensation module, and realize wireless power transmission through the cylindrical four-pole plate electric field coupling mechanism.
图4所示是电场耦合机构示意图。在水下环境，受水流的影响，水下探测器10可能会移动，与充电通道2发生碰撞，缓冲保护层9可减轻碰撞带来的损耗。同时水下探测器10也可能受到水流的影响而发生相对旋转运动，使用的圆柱形四极板电场耦合机构适合于电能发射端4与电能接收端5有相对旋转运动的应用场合，在此情况下保证电能传输的稳定。Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the electric field coupling mechanism. In an underwater environment, affected by water flow, the underwater detector 10 may move and collide with the charging channel 2. The buffer protection layer 9 can reduce the loss caused by the collision. At the same time, the underwater detector 10 may also be affected by the water flow and undergo relative rotational motion. The cylindrical four-pole electric field coupling mechanism used is suitable for applications where the power transmitting end 4 and the power receiving end 5 have relative rotational motion. In this case to ensure the stability of power transmission.
图5所示是高频逆变模块示意图。该电路可在1MHz的工作频率下，提供稳定的交流信号。设置较高的工作频率设置可使谐振补偿模块所需的电感相对较小，节约空间，减小电磁干扰，提高系统工作的稳定性。Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the high-frequency inverter module. This circuit can provide stable AC signals at an operating frequency of 1MHz. Setting a higher operating frequency setting can make the inductance required by the resonance compensation module relatively small, save space, reduce electromagnetic interference, and improve the stability of the system.
本发明通过对典型单电容、两极板的耦合机构优缺点的分析，发明一种新型的耦合机构，增加了一对极板，并将极板形状选为圆柱形。与传统磁场耦合相比，应用电场耦合的无线电能传输方式则更具优势。在水下，特别是海水中优势显著，不产生涡流，能量损耗较小。耦合电场基本被限制在电容极板之间，电磁辐射大大减少，降低了对系统的电磁干扰，并且通过电场传输能量不会被金属障碍物阻隔。传统的探测设备在使用一段时间后，回到水面重新充电，这一过程无疑会浪费大量时间，而过于频繁的插拔电连接件也会对连接器造成损耗。本发明在水下直接给探测设备供电，能缩短充电时间，提高工作效率，避免漏电等不安全因素。By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of a typical single capacitor and two-pole plate coupling mechanism, the present invention invents a new coupling mechanism, adds a pair of pole plates, and selects the shape of the pole plates as cylindrical. Compared with traditional magnetic field coupling, wireless power transmission using electric field coupling has more advantages. It has significant advantages underwater, especially in sea water, as it does not produce eddy currents and consumes less energy. The coupled electric field is basically limited between the capacitor plates, the electromagnetic radiation is greatly reduced, and the electromagnetic interference to the system is reduced, and the energy transmitted through the electric field will not be blocked by metal obstacles. Traditional detection equipment needs to be returned to the surface to recharge after being used for a period of time. This process will undoubtedly waste a lot of time, and too frequent plugging and unplugging of electrical connections will also cause wear and tear on the connectors. The invention directly supplies power to the detection equipment underwater, which can shorten the charging time, improve the work efficiency and avoid unsafe factors such as electric leakage.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811201163.0ACN109088481B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Cylindrical quadrupole plate structure underwater wireless power transmission device based on electric field coupling |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811201163.0ACN109088481B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Cylindrical quadrupole plate structure underwater wireless power transmission device based on electric field coupling |
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| CN109088481A CN109088481A (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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| CN201811201163.0AExpired - Fee RelatedCN109088481B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Cylindrical quadrupole plate structure underwater wireless power transmission device based on electric field coupling |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20240102 |