技术领域technical field
本发明涉及尿液检测技术领域，尤其涉及检测尿液尿比重的方法、测量系统与系统。The invention relates to the technical field of urine detection, in particular to a method, a measurement system and a system for detecting urine specific gravity.
背景技术Background technique
尿常规是疾病检测的一个基本常规的项目。尿常规中的尿比重与尿糖可以更加直观的实现疾病的筛查与诊断。Urine routine is a basic routine item for disease detection. Urine specific gravity and urine sugar in urine routine can realize the screening and diagnosis of diseases more intuitively.
尿比重自身反映的是单位体积尿液中溶质的含量，是在4℃与同体积水的重量之比。尿液中溶质主要有尿素等代谢小分子和钾、钠、氯等离子等，尿液中代谢物及其他成分浓度越高，尿比重越大。正常成人尿比重多在1.015～1.025。尿比重反映肾的浓缩功能，尿比重过高常见于蛋白尿、糖尿以及急性肾炎等；尿比重过低说明肾浓缩功能受损，可能见于慢性肾小球肾炎与尿毒症多尿期等。Urine specific gravity itself reflects the content of solute in a unit volume of urine, which is the ratio of the weight of water at 4°C to the same volume of water. Solutes in urine mainly include small metabolic molecules such as urea and ions such as potassium, sodium, and chloride. The higher the concentration of metabolites and other components in urine, the greater the specific gravity of urine. Normal adult urine specific gravity is more than 1.015 ~ 1.025. Urine specific gravity reflects the concentrating function of the kidney. High urine specific gravity is often seen in proteinuria, diabetes, and acute nephritis. Low urine specific gravity indicates impaired renal concentrating function, which may be seen in chronic glomerulonephritis and uremic polyuria.
尿比重的临床测试方法有试纸法、折射率法、重量法。医院使用全自动尿液分析仪测试尿比重即试纸法，是目前最常用的方法，操作简单但精度不高(±0.005)，折射率法属于光学方法，在县区医院中比较常见，重量法虽然精度高，但操作复杂，在实验室和科研机构比较常用。Clinical testing methods for specific gravity of urine include test paper method, refractive index method, and gravimetric method. The hospital uses a fully automatic urine analyzer to test urine specific gravity, that is, the test paper method. It is the most commonly used method at present. It is simple to operate but the accuracy is not high (±0.005). The refractive index method is an optical method, which is more common in county hospitals. Gravimetric method Although the precision is high, the operation is complicated, and it is commonly used in laboratories and scientific research institutions.
由于尿液中影响尿比重主要的物质是尿素等小分子和钠、钾等离子，因此考虑使用电化学电极测试电流反映尿比重具有一定可行性。Since the main substances in urine that affect the specific gravity of urine are small molecules such as urea and ions such as sodium and potassium, it is feasible to consider using an electrochemical electrode to test the current to reflect the specific gravity of urine.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题在于提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的方法，本申请提供的方法用于检测尿液尿比重准确性较高。The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the specific gravity of urine, and the method provided by the application is used for detecting the specific gravity of urine with high accuracy.
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的方法，包括：In view of this, the application provides a method for detecting urine specific gravity, comprising:
测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压；The measuring instrument applies a voltage to the electrochemical sensor;
获得所述电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值；Obtaining the response current value generated after the electrochemical sensor interacts with urine;
根据所述响应电流值，计算尿液尿比重。Calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the response current value.
优选的，所述根据所述响应电流值，计算尿液尿比重的步骤包括：Preferably, the step of calculating the specific gravity of urine according to the response current value includes:
根据如下关系式计算尿液尿比重：Calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the following relationship:
Y＝A*|X|+B；Y＝A*|X|+B;
其中，|X|表示响应电流值的绝对数值；Among them, |X| represents the absolute value of the response current value;
Y为尿液尿比重值；Y is urine specific gravity value;
参数A和B的取值与电化学传感器中试剂层对应的试剂组成相关。The values of parameters A and B are related to the reagent composition corresponding to the reagent layer in the electrochemical sensor.
优选的，所述试剂包括：Preferably, the reagents include:
余量为pH缓冲液与水，pH缓冲液与水的质量比为1:1。The balance is pH buffer solution and water, and the mass ratio of pH buffer solution and water is 1:1.
优选的，所述试剂具体组成为：6.45wt％的铁氰化钾，1.8wt％的海藻糖，0.9wt％的亲水二氧化硅，0.45％的吐温-20，45.2wt％的磷酸缓冲溶液，45.2wt％的水时，Y＝0.00148*X+0.99922；Preferably, the specific composition of the reagent is: 6.45wt% potassium ferricyanide, 1.8wt% trehalose, 0.9wt% hydrophilic silica, 0.45% Tween-20, 45.2wt% phosphate buffer Solution, when 45.2wt% water, Y=0.00148*X+0.99922;
或者，or,
所述试剂具体组成为：4wt％的铁氰化钾，3wt％的海藻糖，1.5wt％的亲水二氧化硅，0.3％的吐温-20，45.6wt％的磷酸缓冲溶液，45.6wt％的水时，Y＝0.00183*X+1.00162。The specific composition of the reagent is: 4wt% potassium ferricyanide, 3wt% trehalose, 1.5wt% hydrophilic silicon dioxide, 0.3% Tween-20, 45.6wt% phosphate buffer solution, 45.6wt% For water, Y=0.00183*X+1.00162.
优选的，所述施加电压的电压值为+0.3V～+0.5V。Preferably, the voltage value of the applied voltage is +0.3V˜+0.5V.
优选的，获得所述电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值的步骤具体为：Preferably, the step of obtaining the response current value generated after the electrochemical sensor interacts with urine is specifically as follows:
经过预定时间后，获得所述电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值。After a predetermined time, the response current value generated by the electrochemical sensor interacting with urine is obtained.
优选的，所述预定时间为10s～30s。Preferably, the predetermined time is 10s to 30s.
优选的，测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压的步骤包括：Preferably, the step of the measuring instrument applying a voltage to the electrochemical sensor comprises:
响应外部的触发命令，测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压；In response to an external trigger command, the measuring instrument applies a voltage to the electrochemical sensor;
或者，or,
当检测到电化学传感器时，测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压。When an electrochemical sensor is detected, the measuring instrument applies a voltage to the electrochemical sensor.
本申请还提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的测量仪器，包括：电压输出模块、响应电流测量模块、计算模块与结果输出模块；The application also provides a measuring instrument for detecting urine specific gravity, including: a voltage output module, a response current measurement module, a calculation module and a result output module;
所述电压输出模块用于向电化学传感器施加电压；The voltage output module is used to apply voltage to the electrochemical sensor;
所述响应电流接收模块用于获得所述电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值；The response current receiving module is used to obtain the response current value generated after the electrochemical sensor interacts with urine;
所述计算模块用于根据响应电流值与尿液尿比重的关系，计算尿液尿比重；The calculation module is used to calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the relationship between the response current value and the specific gravity of urine;
所述结果输出模块用于尿液尿比重的结果输出。The result output module is used for the result output of urine specific gravity.
优选的，所述计算模块进一步用于根据如下关系式计算尿液尿比重：Preferably, the calculation module is further used to calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the following relational formula:
Y＝A*|X|+B；Y＝A*|X|+B;
其中，|X|表示响应电流值的绝对数值；Among them, |X| represents the absolute value of the response current value;
Y为尿液尿比重值；Y is urine specific gravity value;
参数A和B的取值与电化学传感器中试剂层对应的试剂组成相关。The values of parameters A and B are related to the reagent composition corresponding to the reagent layer in the electrochemical sensor.
优选的，所述电压输出模块进一步用于响应外部的触发命令，向电化学传感器施加电压；或者，所述电压输出模块进一步用于在检测到电化学传感器时，向电化学传感器施加电压。Preferably, the voltage output module is further used to apply a voltage to the electrochemical sensor in response to an external trigger command; or, the voltage output module is further used to apply a voltage to the electrochemical sensor when the electrochemical sensor is detected.
本申请还提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的测量仪器，包括：存储器、处理器和存储在所述存储器上的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上述方案所述的方法。The present application also provides a measuring instrument for detecting the specific gravity of urine, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory, when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned solution is realized method.
本申请还提供了一种非易失性计算机存储介质，所述非易失性计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使计算机执行如上述方案所述的方法。The present application also provides a non-volatile computer storage medium, the non-volatile computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to cause a computer to execute the method described in the above solution.
本申请还提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的系统，包括电化学传感器与上述方案所述的测量仪器。The present application also provides a system for detecting specific gravity of urine, including an electrochemical sensor and the measuring instrument described in the above solution.
本申请提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的方法，首先向电化学传感器施加电压，所述电化学传感器与尿液进行作用，然后获得电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流，最后根据响应电流，计算尿液尿比重。本申请提供的检测方法完整实现了尿液的采集、反应与结果输出，精度较高且所需设备、操作简单。The present application provides a method for detecting the specific gravity of urine. Firstly, a voltage is applied to the electrochemical sensor, and the electrochemical sensor interacts with the urine, and then the response current generated by the electrochemical sensor interacting with the urine is obtained, and finally According to the response current, the specific gravity of urine is calculated. The detection method provided by this application fully realizes the collection, reaction and result output of urine, has high precision, requires equipment and is easy to operate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一个具体实施例的电化学传感器的拆分结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the split structure of an electrochemical sensor according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明电化学传感器的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of electrochemical sensor of the present invention;
图3为本发明另一具体实施例的电化学传感器的拆分结构示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the split structure of an electrochemical sensor according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;
图4为实施例2采用的尿液尿比重与电化学传感器测试电流拟合线形图；Fig. 4 is the urine urine specific gravity that embodiment 2 adopts and electrochemical sensor test current fitting linear graph;
图5为实施例3采用的尿液尿比重与电化学传感器测试电流拟合线形图。FIG. 5 is a line graph of the fitting line graph of the specific gravity of urine used in Example 3 and the test current of the electrochemical sensor.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明优选实施方案进行描述，但是应当理解，这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点，而不是对本发明权利要求的限制。In order to further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are only to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.
本申请发明人通过实验发现：由于尿液中影响尿比重主要的物质是尿素等小分子和钠、钾等离子，因此电化学传感器可以用来测量尿比重。The inventors of the present application found through experiments that the main substances in urine that affect the specific gravity of urine are small molecules such as urea and ions such as sodium and potassium, so the electrochemical sensor can be used to measure the specific gravity of urine.
针对现有技术检测尿液尿比重的方法的准确性低的问题，本发明提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的方法，利用该方法，可实现尿液尿比重的检测，且准确性较高。具体的，本发明实施例公开了一种检测尿液尿比重的方法，包括：Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of the method for detecting the specific gravity of urine in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for detecting the specific gravity of urine, by using this method, the detection of the specific gravity of urine can be realized with high accuracy . Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for detecting urine specific gravity, comprising:
向电化学传感器施加电压；applying a voltage to the electrochemical sensor;
获得所述电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值；Obtaining the response current value generated after the electrochemical sensor interacts with urine;
根据所述响应电流值，计算尿液尿比重。Calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the response current value.
在上述检测尿液尿比重的过程中，首先测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压，按照本发明，上述步骤具体包括：响应外部的触发命令，测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压；或，当检测到电化学传感器时，测量仪器向电化学传感器施加电压。In the above-mentioned process of detecting the specific gravity of urine, firstly, the measuring instrument applies a voltage to the electrochemical sensor. According to the present invention, the above steps specifically include: responding to an external trigger command, the measuring instrument applies a voltage to the electrochemical sensor; or, when detecting In the case of an electrochemical sensor, the measuring instrument applies a voltage to the electrochemical sensor.
具体的，利用测量仪器检测到电化学传感器，即将电化学传感器与测量仪器相连接，尿液滴至电化学传感器，利用电化学传感器测试尿液的尿比重。待测量仪器检测到电化学传感器时，则向电化学传感器施加电压，所述电化学传感器与尿液进行作用，传感器与尿液中的物质发生反应、吸附等。在某些具体实施例中，测量仪器向电化学传感器施加的电压值为+0.3V～+0.5V。Specifically, the electrochemical sensor is detected by the measuring instrument, that is, the electrochemical sensor is connected to the measuring instrument, the urine drops onto the electrochemical sensor, and the urine specific gravity of the urine is tested by the electrochemical sensor. When the measuring instrument detects the electrochemical sensor, a voltage is applied to the electrochemical sensor, and the electrochemical sensor interacts with the urine, and the sensor reacts and adsorbs substances in the urine. In some specific embodiments, the voltage value applied by the measuring instrument to the electrochemical sensor is +0.3V˜+0.5V.
然后测量仪器获得电化学传感器与尿液作用后产生的响应电流，最后根据测量仪器内部设置的计算模块，得到尿液尿比重。在某些具体实施例中，测量仪器并非直接立刻获得响应电流，需要经过预定时间10s～30s，即电化学传感器与尿液作用后才能获得响应电流值。本申请中所述测量仪器内部设置的计算模块中响应电流与尿液尿比重的关系式为：Then the measuring instrument obtains the response current generated by the action of the electrochemical sensor on the urine, and finally obtains the specific gravity of urine according to the calculation module set inside the measuring instrument. In some specific embodiments, the measuring instrument does not directly obtain the response current, but needs a predetermined time of 10s-30s, that is, the response current value can only be obtained after the electrochemical sensor interacts with the urine. The relationship between the response current and the specific gravity of urine in the calculation module provided inside the measuring instrument described in this application is:
Y＝A*|X|+B；Y＝A*|X|+B;
其中，|X|表示响应电流值的绝对数值；Among them, |X| represents the absolute value of the response current value;
Y为尿液尿比重值；Y is urine specific gravity value;
参数A和B的取值与电化学传感器中试剂层的试剂组成相关。The values of parameters A and B are related to the reagent composition of the reagent layer in the electrochemical sensor.
上述关系式中的A和B的取值与电化学传感器试剂层中的试剂相关，即所述电化学传感器试剂层中的试剂组成确定了，A和B的值也就相应的确定了。在一个具体实施例中，本申请所述试剂包括：The values of A and B in the above relational formula are related to the reagents in the reagent layer of the electrochemical sensor, that is, when the composition of the reagents in the reagent layer of the electrochemical sensor is determined, the values of A and B are correspondingly determined. In a specific embodiment, the reagents described in the present application include:
余量为pH缓冲液与水，pH缓冲液与水的质量比为1:1。The balance is pH buffer solution and water, and the mass ratio of pH buffer solution and water is 1:1.
在上述试剂中，所述电子媒介体为铁氰化物、亚铁氰化物、二茂铁或其衍生物，在具体实施例中，所述电子媒介体为铁氰化物；所述电子媒介体的含量为2～10wt％，在具体实施例中，所述电子媒介体的含量为4～7wt％；其直接影响反应过程电子传输、检测范围、响应灵敏度和电流大小。In the above reagents, the electron mediator is ferricyanide, ferrocyanide, ferrocene or derivatives thereof, and in a specific embodiment, the electron mediator is ferricyanide; The content is 2-10 wt%, and in a specific embodiment, the content of the electronic mediator is 4-7 wt%, which directly affects the electron transmission, detection range, response sensitivity and current magnitude of the reaction process.
所述稳定剂为海藻糖和壳聚糖中的一种或两种，在具体实施例中，所述稳定剂为海藻糖，其含量为1～5wt％；在具体实施例中，所述稳定剂的含量为1.5～3.5wt％。Described stabilizing agent is one or both in trehalose and chitosan, and in specific embodiment, described stabilizing agent is trehalose, and its content is 1～5wt%; In specific embodiment, described stabilizing The content of the agent is 1.5-3.5wt%.
所述抗凝结剂选自亲水二氧化硅和黄原胶中的一种或两种，在具体实施例中，所述抗凝结剂为亲水二氧化硅，其含量为0.5～2wt％；在具体实施例中，所述抗凝结剂的含量为0.8～1.8wt％。所述抗凝结剂用于防止试剂层的结块。The anti-coagulation agent is selected from one or both of hydrophilic silica and xanthan gum, and in a specific embodiment, the anti-coagulation agent is hydrophilic silica, and its content is 0.5-2wt%; In a specific embodiment, the content of the anti-coagulation agent is 0.8-1.8wt%. The anticoagulant is used to prevent the agglomeration of the reagent layer.
所述表面活性剂选自吐温-20、吐温-80和曲拉通-100中的一种或多种，在具体实施例中，所述表面活性剂为吐温-20，其含量为0.1～0.5wt％。所述表面活性剂使试剂水溶液与疏水电极能很好地接触。Described surfactant is selected from one or more in Tween-20, Tween-80 and Triton-100, and in specific embodiment, described surfactant is Tween-20, and its content is 0.1-0.5wt%. The surfactant enables good contact between the aqueous reagent solution and the hydrophobic electrode.
所述pH缓冲液选自磷酸盐缓冲液、MES缓冲液和柠檬酸缓冲液中的一种或多种，在具体实施例中，所述pH缓冲液为磷酸盐缓冲液；所述pH缓冲液用于缓冲试剂pH变化。在检测尿液尿比重的试剂中，余量为pH缓冲液与水，且所述pH缓冲液与水的质量比为1:1。The pH buffer is selected from one or more of phosphate buffer, MES buffer and citric acid buffer, in a specific embodiment, the pH buffer is a phosphate buffer; the pH buffer Used to buffer reagent pH changes. In the reagent for detecting urine specific gravity, the balance is pH buffer solution and water, and the mass ratio of the pH buffer solution and water is 1:1.
在一个具体实施例中，试剂层对应的试剂以重量百分比计，其中铁氰化钾6.45％，海藻糖1.8％，亲水二氧化硅0.9％，吐温-20 0.45％，磷酸缓冲溶液45.2％，水45.2％，由此得到的关系式为：Y＝0.00148*X+0.99922；In a specific embodiment, the reagent corresponding to the reagent layer is calculated by weight percentage, wherein potassium ferricyanide is 6.45%, trehalose is 1.8%, hydrophilic silicon dioxide is 0.9%, Tween-20 is 0.45%, and phosphate buffer solution is 45.2%. , water 45.2%, the relational formula thus obtained is: Y=0.00148*X+0.99922;
在一个具体实施例中，试剂层对应的试剂以重量百分比计，其中铁氰化钾4％，海藻糖3％，亲水二氧化硅1.5％，吐温-20 0.3％，磷酸缓冲溶液45.6％，水45.6％，由此得到的关系式为：Y＝0.00183*X+1.00162。In a specific embodiment, the reagent corresponding to the reagent layer is calculated by weight percentage, wherein potassium ferricyanide is 4%, trehalose is 3%, hydrophilic silicon dioxide is 1.5%, Tween-20 is 0.3%, and phosphate buffer solution is 45.6% , water 45.6%, the relational formula thus obtained is: Y=0.00183*X+1.00162.
本领域技术人员明白，上述仅为具体示例，如果在各组分范围内相应调整其重量百分比，系数A和B也会相应改变。另外如果传感器结构或形状有所变动的话，也会导致系数A和B发生改变。Those skilled in the art understand that the above are only specific examples, and if the weight percentages of each component are adjusted accordingly, the coefficients A and B will also change accordingly. In addition, if the structure or shape of the sensor changes, the coefficients A and B will also change.
利用上述关系式，在得到响应电流之后，测试系统根据响应电流可直接计算得到尿液尿比重。Using the above relational formula, after obtaining the response current, the test system can directly calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the response current.
在实际检测尿液尿比重的过程中，一种可选方案是将传感器放入测量仪器后进行加样，即将尿液滴至或加入至含有试剂层的传感器中，以及测量仪器向传感器施加一电压例如+0.3V～+0.5V电压，经过一预定时间后测量响应电流大小，例如测量10s～30s内任意时刻的响应电流，根据测量仪器内部的芯片或计算单元，根据响应电流直接计算出尿比重值。In the process of actually detecting the specific gravity of urine, an optional solution is to put the sensor into the measuring instrument and add the sample, that is, the urine is dropped or added to the sensor containing the reagent layer, and the measuring instrument applies a sample to the sensor. Voltage such as +0.3V ~ +0.5V voltage, measure the response current after a predetermined time, for example, measure the response current at any time within 10s ~ 30s, according to the chip or calculation unit inside the measuring instrument, directly calculate the urine output according to the response current Specific gravity value.
或者，将尿液滴至含有试剂层的传感器中后，将传感器放入测量仪器，由测量仪器向传感器施加一电压，经过一预定时间后测得响应电流；上述预定时间的起算点可以是测量仪器开始测到响应电流的时刻，即测量仪器测到响应电流的起始时刻。具体实施时起算点也可以是其他方便记录的时刻如施加电压的时刻，或加样完成的时刻。Or, after dropping urine into the sensor containing the reagent layer, put the sensor into the measuring instrument, apply a voltage to the sensor by the measuring instrument, and measure the response current after a predetermined time; the starting point of the above predetermined time can be measured The moment when the instrument starts to measure the response current, that is, the initial moment when the measuring instrument measures the response current. The starting point during specific implementation may also be other convenient time for recording, such as the time when voltage is applied, or the time when sample addition is completed.
需要指出的是，本领域技术人员有时也会将电化学传感器称为电化学试纸条。It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art sometimes refer to electrochemical sensors as electrochemical test strips.
在上述检测尿液尿比重的方法基础上，本申请还提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的测量仪器，包括：电压输出模块、响应电流接收模块、计算模块与结果输出模块；On the basis of the above method for detecting urine specific gravity, the application also provides a measuring instrument for detecting urine specific gravity, including: a voltage output module, a response current receiving module, a calculation module and a result output module;
所述电压输出模块用于向电化学传感器施加电压；The voltage output module is used to apply voltage to the electrochemical sensor;
所述响应电流接收模块用于获得所述电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值；The response current receiving module is used to obtain the response current value generated after the electrochemical sensor interacts with urine;
所述计算模块用于根据响应电流值与尿液尿比重的关系，计算尿液尿比重；The calculation module is used to calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the relationship between the response current value and the specific gravity of urine;
所述结果输出模块用于尿液尿比重的结果输出。The result output module is used for the result output of urine specific gravity.
上述电压输出模块、响应电流接收模块、计算模块与结果输出模块为本领域技术人员熟知的具体模块形式，对此本申请没有特别的限制；但其中计算模块是根据本申请特定的需求设计的计算程序，即需要将尿液尿比重与通过测量仪器输出的电极电流进行拟合才可直接通过测得的电极电流得到尿比重。The above-mentioned voltage output module, response current receiving module, calculation module and result output module are specific module forms well known to those skilled in the art, and this application has no special restrictions; however, the calculation module is a calculation module designed according to the specific requirements of this application The program means that the urine specific gravity needs to be fitted with the electrode current output by the measuring instrument, so that the urine specific gravity can be obtained directly through the measured electrode current.
上述计算过程仅限于测量仪器内部设置；在实际应用时，尿液滴至电化学传感器，测量仪器施加电压后自测量仪器结果输出模块例如显示屏可直接得到尿比重值。The above calculation process is limited to the internal settings of the measuring instrument; in practical application, urine drops to the electrochemical sensor, and the measuring instrument applies a voltage to directly obtain the urine specific gravity value from the measuring instrument result output module such as a display screen.
本申请还提供了一种测量仪器，其包括：存储器、处理器和存储在所述存储器上的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述检测尿液尿比重的方法。The present application also provides a measuring instrument, which includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, and the processor implements the above-mentioned method for detecting urine specific gravity when executing the computer program.
本申请还提供了一种非易失性计算机存储介质，所述非易失性计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使计算机执行上述检测尿液尿比重的方法。The present application also provides a non-volatile computer storage medium, the non-volatile computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to make a computer perform the above-mentioned method for detecting urine specific gravity .
本发明提供了一种检测尿液尿比重的系统，包括电化学传感器和测量仪器，测量仪器可以是上述实施例给出的实现方式中任意一种。其中电化学传感器在加样后与尿液作用，在测量仪器提供电压后形成电路的通路，测量仪器通过测量响应电流值，计算尿液尿比重，并输出。The present invention provides a system for detecting specific gravity of urine, which includes an electrochemical sensor and a measuring instrument, and the measuring instrument can be any one of the implementations given in the above-mentioned embodiments. Among them, the electrochemical sensor reacts with the urine after adding the sample, and forms a circuit path after the measuring instrument provides a voltage. The measuring instrument calculates the specific gravity of urine by measuring the response current value, and outputs it.
具体的，所述电化学传感器的结构示意图如图1或图2所示，图中1为基底、2为工作电极、3为对电极、4为触发电极、5为绝缘膜、6为试剂层、7为亲水膜、8为粘合层、9为导样槽、10为出气口，具体的；Specifically, the structural schematic diagram of the electrochemical sensor is shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2, in which 1 is the substrate, 2 is the working electrode, 3 is the counter electrode, 4 is the trigger electrode, 5 is the insulating film, and 6 is the reagent layer , 7 is a hydrophilic film, 8 is an adhesive layer, 9 is a sample guide groove, and 10 is an air outlet, specifically;
基底上设置有多个电极；A plurality of electrodes are arranged on the substrate;
至少一个电极表面设置有绝缘膜，所述绝缘膜开设有开口，试剂层设置于所述开口中；At least one electrode surface is provided with an insulating film, and the insulating film is provided with an opening, and the reagent layer is arranged in the opening;
在沿着远离所述基底方向上所述绝缘膜表面依次设置有粘合层与亲水膜；An adhesive layer and a hydrophilic film are sequentially provided on the surface of the insulating film along the direction away from the substrate;
所述粘合层开设有导样槽，所述亲水膜开设有出气口，所述导样槽的部分或全部正对所述试剂层，所述出气口正对所述导样槽。The adhesive layer is provided with a sample guide groove, the hydrophilic film is provided with an air outlet, part or all of the sample guide groove is facing the reagent layer, and the gas outlet is facing the sample guide groove.
所述电极的形状本申请不进行特别的限制，按照本领域技术人员熟知的形状即可。在一个具体实施例中，所述电极包括触发电极、工作电极与对电极，所述工作电极为L型，所述对电极为L型；所述工作电极的L端与对电极的L端均设置于邻近试剂层的一端，所述触发电极设置于所述工作电极与所述对电极形成的空间内。The shape of the electrodes is not particularly limited in the present application, and the shapes well known to those skilled in the art may be used. In a specific embodiment, the electrodes include a trigger electrode, a working electrode and a counter electrode, the working electrode is L-shaped, and the counter electrode is L-shaped; the L end of the working electrode and the L end of the counter electrode are both It is arranged at one end adjacent to the reagent layer, and the trigger electrode is arranged in the space formed by the working electrode and the counter electrode.
在所述工作电极的L端的表面设置绝缘膜，用于限制试剂层的面积。绝缘膜中可以设置多个开口，例如两个或三个开口，在临近工作电极的L端的开口中设置有一个试剂层。如开口为两个，其中一个开口正对工作电极的L端，另一个开口正对对电极L端；如开口为三个，其中一个开口正对工作电极的L端，其余两个开口分别正对对电极的L端、触发电极的T端。所述亲水膜、所述粘合层均与绝缘膜在同一侧。所述亲水膜是完整的PET膜，且其与粘合层形成一个导样槽，即粘合层开设有一导样槽，在该导样槽范围内亲水膜开设有出气口，作为虹吸进样的出气口。亲水膜或粘合层的长度可以相等，例如为触发电极长度的三分之一或二分之一，保证三个电极均有一部分位于粘合层和亲水膜的正下方。液体样本例如尿液从导样槽进入传感器后，和对电极、触发电极以及试剂层发生接触。在本申请中，触发电极的T端代表T型顶部端，工作电极与对电极的L端均代表L型具有弯折的一端。An insulating film is provided on the surface of the L end of the working electrode to limit the area of the reagent layer. Multiple openings may be provided in the insulating film, for example two or three openings, and a reagent layer is provided in the opening adjacent to the L end of the working electrode. If there are two openings, one opening is facing the L end of the working electrode, and the other opening is facing the L end of the electrode; if there are three openings, one opening is facing the L end of the working electrode, and the other two openings are respectively facing the L end of the working electrode. To the L terminal of the counter electrode and the T terminal of the trigger electrode. Both the hydrophilic film and the adhesive layer are on the same side as the insulating film. The hydrophilic membrane is a complete PET film, and it forms a sample guide groove with the adhesive layer, that is, the adhesive layer is provided with a sample guide groove, and the hydrophilic membrane is provided with an air outlet within the scope of the sample guide groove, as a siphon Gas outlet for sample injection. The length of the hydrophilic film or the adhesive layer can be equal, for example, one-third or one-half of the length of the trigger electrode, so that a part of all three electrodes is located directly under the adhesive layer and the hydrophilic film. After a liquid sample such as urine enters the sensor from the sample guide tank, it comes into contact with the counter electrode, the trigger electrode and the reagent layer. In this application, the T-end of the trigger electrode represents the top end of the T-shape, and the L-ends of the working electrode and the counter electrode represent the bent end of the L-shape.
本申请提供了检测尿液尿比重的系统与方法，利用电化学的方法测试了尿液尿比重；测试方法简单且对尿液样本需求不大，一般而言尿液量仅需2微升即可精确测得尿比重。This application provides a system and method for detecting the specific gravity of urine, using an electrochemical method to test the specific gravity of urine; the test method is simple and does not require a large amount of urine samples. Generally speaking, the amount of urine is only 2 microliters. Accurate measurement of urine specific gravity.
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明提供的检测尿液尿比重的方法进行详细说明，本发明的保护范围不受以下实施例的限制。In order to further understand the present invention, the method for detecting urine-to-urine specific gravity provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
实施例1Example 1
一种检测尿液尿比重的系统，包括电化学传感器与测量仪器，其中图1为一种可选的电化学传感器的结构示意图，图中1为基底、2为工作电极、3为对电极、4为触发电极、5为绝缘膜、6为试剂层、7为亲水膜、8为双面胶层、9为导样槽、10为出气口；A system for detecting the specific gravity of urine, including an electrochemical sensor and a measuring instrument, wherein Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional electrochemical sensor, in which 1 is a base, 2 is a working electrode, 3 is a counter electrode, 4 is the trigger electrode, 5 is the insulating film, 6 is the reagent layer, 7 is the hydrophilic film, 8 is the double-sided adhesive layer, 9 is the sample guide groove, and 10 is the gas outlet;
基底的表面丝网印刷出电极形状，依次为L型工作电极2、L型对电极3和T型触发电极4，触发电极4设置于工作电极2与对电极3形成的空间内；The surface of the substrate is screen-printed with electrode shapes, which are L-shaped working electrode 2, L-shaped counter electrode 3 and T-shaped trigger electrode 4, and the trigger electrode 4 is arranged in the space formed by the working electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3;
工作电极2的L端侧表面设置有绝缘膜5，绝缘膜5开设有一个开口，试剂层6设置于开口中；The L end side surface of the working electrode 2 is provided with an insulating film 5, and the insulating film 5 is provided with an opening, and the reagent layer 6 is arranged in the opening;
在沿着远离基底1方向上绝缘膜5表面依次设置有双面胶层8与亲水膜7；A double-sided adhesive layer 8 and a hydrophilic film 7 are sequentially provided on the surface of the insulating film 5 along the direction away from the substrate 1;
双面胶层8开设有导样槽9，亲水膜7开设有出气口10，导样槽9的部分或全部正对试剂层6，出气口10正对所述导样槽9。The double-sided adhesive layer 8 is provided with a sample guide groove 9, and the hydrophilic film 7 is provided with an air outlet 10, part or all of the sample guide groove 9 faces the reagent layer 6, and the air outlet 10 faces the sample guide groove 9.
除该传感器之外，也可以采用其他传感器，如图3所示，绝缘膜的开口为多个例如两个，试剂层6设置于正对工作电极的开口中。In addition to this sensor, other sensors can also be used. As shown in FIG. 3 , the insulating film has multiple openings, for example two, and the reagent layer 6 is disposed in the opening facing the working electrode.
本实施提供的测量仪器包括：电压输出模块、响应电流接收模块、计算模块与结果输出模块；The measuring instruments provided in this implementation include: voltage output module, response current receiving module, calculation module and result output module;
电压输出模块用于向电化学传感器施加电压；The voltage output module is used to apply voltage to the electrochemical sensor;
响应电流接收模块用于获得电化学传感器与尿液作用后所产生的响应电流值；The response current receiving module is used to obtain the response current value generated after the electrochemical sensor interacts with the urine;
计算模块用于根据响应电流值与尿液尿比重的关系，计算尿液尿比重；The calculation module is used to calculate the specific gravity of urine according to the relationship between the response current value and the specific gravity of urine;
结果输出模块用于尿液尿比重的结果输出。The result output module is used for the result output of urine specific gravity.
实施例2Example 2
检测尿液尿比重，采用实施例1的系统，传感器中试剂层中的试剂如表1所示，表1为本实施例试剂层中试剂的组成数据表；由此得到测量仪器中设置的计算式Y＝0.00148*X+0.99922；参数A和B的值可以通过多次实验来加以确定。Detect urine urine specific gravity, adopt the system of embodiment 1, the reagent in the reagent layer in the sensor is as shown in table 1, and table 1 is the composition data table of reagent in the reagent layer of the present embodiment; Obtain the calculation that is set in the measuring instrument thus Formula Y=0.00148*X+0.99922; the values of parameters A and B can be determined through multiple experiments.
表1实施例2试剂层的试剂数据表The reagent data sheet of table 1 embodiment 2 reagent layer
取尿样10份，分别编号1-10，使用测量仪器向传感器施加+0.4V电压，测试30s响应电流，测量仪器设置的上述计算式根据响应电流可直接自测量仪器端得到尿比重，同时使用折射仪测试每份尿样尿比重，将通过电极电流计算得到的计算尿比重与使用折射仪测试得到的尿比重对比，计算得到误差，结果如表2所示。Take 10 urine samples, numbered 1-10 respectively, apply +0.4V voltage to the sensor with a measuring instrument, and test the response current for 30 seconds. The above calculation formula set by the measuring instrument can directly obtain the specific gravity of urine from the measuring instrument end according to the response current. At the same time, use The urine specific gravity of each urine sample was tested by a refractometer, and the calculated urine specific gravity calculated by the electrode current was compared with the urine specific gravity obtained by using the refractometer to calculate the error. The results are shown in Table 2.
表2本实施例检测的尿比重与折射仪测试尿比重误差数据表The urine specific gravity that table 2 present embodiment detects and refractometer test urine specific gravity error data table
使用电极电流计算尿比重结果优于尿试纸的测试结果(尿试纸尿比重相邻梯度相差0.005)，与较精确的折射仪的测试结果相比，结果也具有很高的可比性。Using electrode current to calculate urine specific gravity results is better than that of urine test paper (the difference between adjacent gradients of urine specific gravity of urine test paper is 0.005), and compared with the test results of more accurate refractometers, the results are also highly comparable.
上述尿液尿比重与电极电流的关系图如图4所示，图4为尿液尿比重与电化学传感器测试电流拟合线形图；由图4可知，尿比重与电极电流(30s)线性拟合曲线R2＝0.9802，线性关系较好。The relational figure of above-mentioned urine specific gravity and electrode current is as shown in Figure 4, and Fig. 4 is the fitting linear graph of urine specific gravity and electrochemical sensor test current; As can be seen from Figure 4, urine specific gravity and electrode current (30s) linear The fitting curve R2 =0.9802, the linear relationship is better.
实施例3Example 3
测试尿比重的过程与实施例2相同，区别在于传感器试剂层的试剂，如表3所示，本实施例中的计算式根据下述试剂得出：Y＝0.00183*X+1.00162；测试结果与比较结果如表4所示，图5为本实施例尿液尿比重与电化学传感器测试电流拟合线性图；The process of testing the specific gravity of urine is the same as in Example 2, except that the reagent of the sensor reagent layer is as shown in Table 3. The calculation formula in this embodiment is obtained according to the following reagents: Y=0.00183*X+1.00162; The comparison results are shown in Table 4, and Fig. 5 is a linear diagram of the fitting linear diagram of the urine specific gravity and the electrochemical sensor test current of the present embodiment;
表3本实施例传感器试剂层的试剂数据表Table 3 The reagent data sheet of the sensor reagent layer of this embodiment
表4本实施例得到尿比重与折射仪测试尿比重误差数据表Table 4 present embodiment obtains urine specific gravity and refractometer test urine specific gravity error data table
不难明白，当试剂组成比例发生变化时，参数A和B也会相应地发生变化，本领域技术人员可以改变试剂的组成比例，并在其基础上得到对应的参数值。It is not difficult to understand that when the composition ratio of the reagents changes, the parameters A and B will also change accordingly. Those skilled in the art can change the composition ratio of the reagents and obtain the corresponding parameter values on this basis.
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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| CN201810052721.5ACN109085090B (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Method, measuring instrument and system for detecting urine specific gravity |
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| CN201810052721.5ACN109085090B (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Method, measuring instrument and system for detecting urine specific gravity |
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