The flow determining method of open circulation water systemTechnical field
The present invention relates to industrial circulating cooling water fields, more particularly to a kind of flow measurement side of open circulation water systemMethod.
Background technique
Country has specific water-saving requirement and water consumption control, by taking power industry as an example, " thermal power generation to various industriesThe water-saving directive/guide of factory " water-saving requirement and measure that each system in power plant is specified in (DLT/783-2001), wherein being also distinctly claimedThe each key link installation water flowmeter note of open cycle cooling water is to monitor water in real time.
Installation water flowmeter, which is remembered, is undoubtedly the optimal method of statistics water, but some old industrial enterprises, follows in open typeWater flowmeter note is not installed, or the water flowmeter note of installation does not cover all links on ring cooling water system, it can only be super by movable typeAcoustic wave flow meter carries out the water quantity monitoring of part.
When no instrument monitoring means, the calculation formula that local open cycle cooling water water generally uses is measuredAre as follows: local water=source water-evaporation loss.Wherein, evaporation loss is with temperature, air humidity, air velocity, waterThe parameters relationships such as temperature are larger, and change at any time, calculate complicated and are difficult to accurately calculate, therefore the water of the formula measurement more than pressing is quasi-True property is poor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the flow of the open cycle cooling water of no water flowmeter of the existing technology notThe problem of convenient for measuring, a kind of flow determining method of open circulation water system is provided, which can be easy, fastFlow in victory and accurately measurement open circulation water system at arbitrary procedure.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of flow determining method of open circulation water system, this method packetInclude: measurement flows into the inflow flow Q of the open circulation water system respectivelynThe concentration C of the detection ion wherein containedn, respectivelyThe outflow flow Q of the open circulation water system is left in measurementn’The concentration C of the detection ion wherein containedn’, and measure toThe concentration C of detection ion at flow gauge；
With the flow at flow gauge be Q when, meet following formula:
Wherein, n is the process quantity for flowing into the open circulation water system, and n ' is to leave the open circulation water systemProcess quantity；
The detection ion is stabilized in the open circulation water system.
Preferably, the detection ion is chloride ion or fluorine ion.
Preferably, the concentration of the chloride ion is measured by silver nitrate titration method.
Preferably, the concentration of the fluorine ion is measured by fluoride ion determinator.
Preferably, the detection ion is copper ion.
Preferably, the inflow flow Q for flowing into the open circulation water system is measured respectively by flowmetern。
Preferably, the outflow flow Q for leaving the open circulation water system is measured respectively by flowmetern’。
Preferably, the detection ion, which only passes through, flows into water into the open circulation water system.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned flow determining methods in the wet desulphurization slurry circulatory system, open cycle cooling water systemApplication in the flow measurement of system or urban heat supplying circulation.
Through the above technical solutions, can be easy, quick and accurately in measurement open circulation water system at arbitrary procedureFlow, suitable for all industrial systems using open cycle cooling water, especially water flowmeter note do not cover open circulationWhen all processes of cooling water, simple and fast measurement can be carried out by means of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges orValue should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectivelyIt can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or moreNew numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
The flow determining method of open circulation water system provided by the invention, this method comprises: described in measurement flows into respectivelyThe inflow flow Q of open circulation water systemnThe concentration C of the detection ion wherein containedn, measurement is left the open type and is followed respectivelyThe outflow flow Q of ring water systemn’The concentration C of the detection ion wherein containedn’, and measure to the detection ion at flow gaugeConcentration C；
With the flow at flow gauge be Q when, meet following formula:
Wherein, n is the process quantity for flowing into the open circulation water system, and n ' is to leave the open circulation water systemProcess quantity；The detection ion is stabilized in the open circulation water system.
In open circulation water system, due to system be it is open, recirculated water evaporates at any time in whole flow process, butEvaporation loss is generally pure water, and the salinity in water is still in systems, thus with the growth of open circulation Water flow-path, lossPure water increases, and the salt concentration in water increases, so as to acquire the flow to flow gauge according to above-mentioned formula.
In above-mentioned formula,Indicate the total amount of the detection ion of the inflow open circulation water system；The total amount of the detection ion of the open circulation water system is left in expression.
In above-mentioned formula, the inflow flow Q of the open circulation water system is flowed intonIt can be the flow for flowing into water,It can be the flow of inflow gas.As above-mentioned inflow water, the moisturizing of the typically described open circulation water system；As upperInflow gas is stated, can be the gas being passed through in the open circulation water system, such as the flue gas etc. of detection ion can be brought into.
In above-mentioned formula, the outflow flow Q of the open circulation water system is leftn’It can be the flow of outflow draining,It is also possible to the flow of other products band water outlet.Such as in wet desulfurization system, need for part recirculated water to be discharged, andThe gypsum product arrived can band water outlet.
In above-mentioned formula, flow Q may be water V, it may be assumed that when with the water at flow gauge being V, meet followingFormula:
Wherein, VnFor the inflow water for flowing into the open circulation water system, VnTo leave the open circulation water systemFlow out water.Other symbols are the same as above-mentioned.
According to the present invention, accurate measurement result in order to obtain needs suitably to select the detection ion in the present invention.ItsIn, detection ion is stabilized in open circulation water system refers to that detection ion does not occur respectively in open circulation water systemKind chemically or physically variation (such as reaction, precipitating, volatilization etc.) is to become other ingredients or be detached from open type circulating waterSystem, that is to say, that detection ion increases and decreases in entire open circulation water system without uncontrollable.In the present invention, pass throughMake the detection ion only pass through inflow water to enter the open circulation water system and stablize in the open circulation water systemIn the presence of, the detection ion of the open circulation water system can be flowed into Accurate Determining, thus open circulation water system stablizeIt is accurate to calculate to the flow at flow gauge under state.
The selection needs of the detection ion are selected according to the concrete condition that open circulation water system uses, such as:In the system added with sulfuric acid, do not select usually sulfate ion as detection ion；It is more with carbanion etc. because being easyPrecipitation reaction occurs for kind ion and fouling is precipitated, because without selecting calcium ion as detection ion.
According to the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the method for measurement of concentration of the detection ion, can be described in Accurate DeterminingThe existing method that can be used in detecting the detection ion concentration can be used in the concentration for detecting ion.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the detection ion are chloride ion or fluorine ion.Preferably, fromFrom the point of view of improving detection accuracy and detection efficiency, the concentration of the chloride ion is measured by silver nitrate titration method；Pass throughFluoride ion determinator measures the concentration of the fluorine ion.Use chloride ion or fluorine ion as detection ion, is followed suitable for open typeRing cooling water system, such as the open cycle cooling water system of wet desulphurization.
Preferred embodiment according to another preferred, the detection ion are copper ion.As measurement copper fromThe method of sub- concentration can select spectrophotometer method to be measured.Use copper ion as detection ion, is opened suitable for no copperFormula circulation.
According to the present invention, the flow Q of the inflow water of the open circulation water system is flowed into as measurementnWith leave described openThe outflow flow Q of formula circulationn’Method, such as can be measured respectively by flowmeter (or water flowmeter etc.) inflow this openThe inflow flow Q of formula circulationnAnd leave the outflow flow Q of the open circulation water systemn’。
In the case of, according to the invention it is preferred to, the detection ion, which only passes through, flows into water into the open circulation water system.The detection ion concentration that water is brought into is only flowed by detection at this time.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned flow determining methods in the wet desulphurization slurry circulatory system, open cycle cooling water systemApplication in the flow measurement of system or urban heat supplying circulation.By means of the invention it is also possible to being inconvenient to installIn the open circulation water system of water flowmeter, the flow at arbitrary procedure also can be easily measured.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.In following embodiment, Cl-Concentration is dripped by silver nitrateFixed method measures.
Embodiment 1
Certain power plant is water chiller, is provided with open cycle cooling water system, recycles water management Cl-Concentration is 600mg/L,Measure every unit recirculated water year blowdown flow rate Q.
According to power plant's water rate settlement records, lookup single unit year circulating cooling make-up water amount is 350 ten thousand steres, searches experimentRoom chemical examination record, moisturizing Cl-Mean concentration is 150mg/L, substitutes into formula and calculates:
V=(C1×V1+C2×V2+ ...-C1’×V1’- C2’×V2’...)/C
=(150mg/L × 3500000t)/600mg/L
=875000t
By calculate every unit recirculated water year blowdown flow rate be 87.5 ten thousand steres.
Embodiment 2
Certain power plant is wet desulphurisation system, and desulphurization system is arranged the cooling water replenishment that makes a connection and (uses open circulating water blowdownWater, metered flow 8m3/ h) and mist eliminator flushing moisturizing and slurries moisturizing (use reverse osmosis concentrated water, add up to metered flowFor 24m3/h).Control desulfurization slurry Cl-Concentration is stably maintained at 12000mg/L, the flow of measurement discharge desulfurization wastewater.
Sample examination analyzes to obtain open circulating water sewerage Cl-Concentration is 550mg/L, reverse osmosis concentrated water Cl-Concentration is3800mg/L。
It is analyzed by whole system, Cl-Exist in this open-cycle system and brought into outside others, is brought into for flue gas.Query facility specification can obtain, and flue gas flow is 1000000Nm under declared working condition3/ h monitors Cl in flue gas-Concentration is 30mg/Nm3。
Furthermore there is band regimen condition in daily abjection gypsum in desulphurization system, and gypsum yield is 60m under declared working condition3/ h,Gypsum moisture content is 15%, and calculating plaster splint water flow is 9m3/ h, sample examination gypsum permeate water Cl-Concentration is 8000mg/L。
Above data is substituted into formula to calculate:
Q=(C1×Q1+C2×Q2+ ...-C1’×Q1’- C2’×Q2’...)/C
=(550mg/L × 8m3/h+3800mg/L×24m3/h+30mg/Nm3×1000000Nm3/ h-8000mg/L ×9m3/h)/12000mg/L
=4.467m3/h
By can be calculated under declared working condition, the flow that desulfurization wastewater is discharged in desulphurization system is 4.467m3/h。
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention, can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made in art conception range, including each particular technique feature is to appointWhat suitable mode is combined.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to various combinations of possible ways no longer separatelyExplanation.But it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, belongs to protection model of the inventionIt encloses.