技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器，属于地外天体探测及样品采集测试领域。The invention relates to a rotary impact ultrasonic drill without free mass blocks, which belongs to the field of extraterrestrial celestial body detection and sample collection and testing.
背景技术Background technique
深空探测是近年来最活跃的科学领域之一，研究地外天地的地质信息有助于探索太阳系的组成、生命起源，钻取采样是深空探测中获取星壤样品的重要方式。与电磁电机驱动的钻探器相比，超声波钻探器具有体积小、功耗低和钻压力小等优点，按照采样钻具的运动形式可将超声波钻探器分为冲击式超声波钻探器及回转冲击式超声波钻探器。冲击式超声波钻探器中，采样钻具只作沿其轴向的冲击运动，依靠采样钻具对岩石的冲击破碎实现岩石的采样。在冲击式超声波钻探器的基础上，引入钻具的回转驱动，便形成了回转冲击式超声波钻探器，相较于冲击式超声波钻探器，回转冲击式超声波钻探器具有更高的钻探效率及优良的排屑性能。本发明提出一种不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器，该钻探器利用单压电陶瓷叠堆实现钻具的回转冲击运动前、后侧的振动能量实现钻具的冲击、回转运动，钻探器的压电换能器直接与采样钻具发生冲击碰撞并将振动能量传递给采样钻具。Deep space exploration is one of the most active scientific fields in recent years. Studying the geological information of extraterrestrial space helps to explore the composition of the solar system and the origin of life. Drilling and sampling is an important way to obtain stellar soil samples in deep space exploration. Compared with drills driven by electromagnetic motors, ultrasonic drills have the advantages of small size, low power consumption and low drilling pressure. According to the movement form of sampling drills, ultrasonic drills can be divided into impact ultrasonic drills and rotary impact drills. Ultrasonic drill. In the percussive ultrasonic drill, the sampling drilling tool only performs impact movement along its axial direction, and the rock sampling is realized by the impact and crushing of the rock by the sampling drilling tool. On the basis of the impact ultrasonic drill, the rotary drive of the drilling tool is introduced to form a rotary impact ultrasonic drill. Compared with the impact ultrasonic drill, the rotary impact ultrasonic drill has higher drilling efficiency and excellent performance. chip removal performance. The present invention proposes a rotary impact ultrasonic drill without free mass blocks. The drill uses a single piezoelectric ceramic stack to realize the rotary impact motion of the drill tool. The vibration energy on the front and rear sides of the drill tool realizes the impact and rotary motion of the drill tool , the piezoelectric transducer of the drill directly collides with the sampling drilling tool and transmits the vibration energy to the sampling drilling tool.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决了现有技术的超声波钻探器均设置有自由质量块，需要完成两次接触碰撞，存在一定程度的能量损失的问题，提出一种不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器，省去了自由质量块仅需完成一次碰撞，提高了超声波钻探器的能量传递效率。The invention solves the problem that the ultrasonic drills in the prior art are all equipped with free mass blocks, and needs to complete two contact collisions, and there is a certain degree of energy loss, and proposes a rotary impact ultrasonic drill without free mass blocks. The free mass block is omitted and only needs to complete one collision, which improves the energy transfer efficiency of the ultrasonic drill.
为达此目的，本发明提出一种不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器包括采样钻具、回复弹簧、回转轴套、前壳体、纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器、后壳体、转子、加载弹簧、螺母、后轴承端盖和传动轴；To achieve this purpose, the present invention proposes a rotary impact ultrasonic drill without free mass blocks, including a sampling drill, a return spring, a rotary shaft sleeve, a front housing, a longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer, Rear housing, rotor, loading springs, nuts, rear bearing cover and drive shaft;
所述传动轴与采样钻具固定连接，所述传动轴的外周套有纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器，所述前壳体、后壳体和后轴承端盖依次连接形成一个壳体，所述传动轴的前端、纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器和采样钻具的尾端位于壳体内部，所述传动轴的尾部从后轴承端盖穿出，所述传动轴的外周从前到后依次套有转子、加载弹簧与螺母，所述转子与加载弹簧连接，通过调节螺母在传动轴上的位置调整加载弹簧的压缩量，所述纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器的尾端与转子接触，且工作状态时此接触面处产生摩擦力矩，所述摩擦力矩驱动转子做回转运动，所述转子通过传动轴驱动采样钻具做回转运动；The transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the sampling drilling tool, the outer periphery of the transmission shaft is covered with a longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer, and the front housing, rear housing and rear bearing end cover are sequentially connected to form a shell Body, the front end of the transmission shaft, the longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer and the tail end of the sampling drilling tool are located inside the housing, the tail of the transmission shaft passes through the rear bearing end cover, and the transmission shaft The rotor, the loading spring and the nut are sleeved in sequence from front to back on the outer periphery of the rotor, the rotor is connected to the loading spring, and the compression amount of the loading spring is adjusted by adjusting the position of the nut on the transmission shaft. The longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer The tail end of the energy device is in contact with the rotor, and a friction torque is generated at the contact surface in the working state, and the friction torque drives the rotor to make a rotary motion, and the rotor drives the sampling drilling tool to make a rotary motion through the transmission shaft;
所述采样钻具的尾端套有回复弹簧和回转轴套，所述回复弹簧与回转轴套连接，用于提供采样钻具运动过程中的回复力，所述采样钻具从前壳体的头部穿出。The tail end of the sampling drill is covered with a return spring and a rotary sleeve, and the return spring is connected with the rotary sleeve to provide a restoring force during the movement of the sampling drill. wear out.
优选地，所述纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器包括变幅杆、四片压电陶瓷片、电极片和四片纵扭耦合振子，所述四片压电陶瓷片与四片纵扭耦合振子间隔排列，且压电陶瓷片和纵扭耦合振子的中间均设置有圆孔，所述变幅杆穿过压电陶瓷片与纵扭耦合振子的圆孔插入电极片。Preferably, the longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer includes a horn, four piezoelectric ceramic sheets, electrode sheets and four longitudinal torsion coupling vibrators, the four piezoelectric ceramic sheets are connected to the four longitudinal The torsional coupling vibrators are arranged at intervals, and circular holes are arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the longitudinal torsion coupling vibrator, and the horn is inserted into the electrode sheet through the circular holes of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the longitudinal torsion coupling vibrator.
优选地，所述采样钻具位于变幅杆的前方，所述变幅杆与采样钻具发生冲击碰撞，使采样钻具沿轴向作冲击运动。Preferably, the sampling drilling tool is located in front of the horn, and the horn collides with the sampling drilling tool to make the sampling drilling tool impact in the axial direction.
优选地，所述电极片与传动轴连接且与转子接触。Preferably, the electrode piece is connected to the transmission shaft and in contact with the rotor.
优选地，所述变幅杆的尾部插入端外套有后密珠轴承，所述后密珠轴承位于变幅杆与电极片之间。Preferably, the insertion end of the tail of the horn is covered with a rear dense ball bearing, and the rear dense ball bearing is located between the horn and the electrode piece.
优选地，所述传动轴的尾部穿过回转轴承从后轴承端盖穿出，所述回转轴承固嵌在后轴承端盖的内部。Preferably, the tail of the transmission shaft passes through the slewing bearing and passes through the rear bearing end cover, and the slewing bearing is fixedly embedded in the rear bearing end cover.
优选地，所述采样钻具穿过冲击轴承从前壳体的头部穿出，所述冲击轴承固嵌在前壳体的头部内。Preferably, the sampling drill passes through the head of the front housing through the impact bearing, and the impact bearing is fixedly embedded in the head of the front housing.
本发明所述的不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器的工作原理为：The working principle of the rotary impact type ultrasonic drill without free mass block described in the present invention is:
在高频电压激励下，纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器的压电陶瓷片、电极片和纵扭耦合振子分别产生高频的简谐振动，并做椭圆运动，纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器的变幅杆与采样钻具发生冲击碰撞，使采样钻具沿轴向作冲击运动；Under the high-frequency voltage excitation, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the electrode sheet and the longitudinal-torsion coupling vibrator of the longitudinal-longitudinal-torsion composite piezoelectric transducer respectively generate high-frequency simple harmonic vibrations and perform elliptical motions. The horn of the piezoelectric transducer impacts and collides with the sampling drilling tool, causing the sampling drilling tool to perform impact movement along the axial direction;
纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器的电极片与转子接触，通过调节螺母在传动轴上的位置调整加载弹簧的压缩量，在加载弹簧提供的加载力及纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器电极片的椭圆运动作用下，在转子与纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器的接触面处产生摩擦力矩，所述摩擦力矩驱动转子作回转运动，所述转子通过传动轴驱动采样钻具作回转运动。The electrode pieces of the longitudinal-longitudinal-torsion composite piezoelectric transducer are in contact with the rotor, and the compression amount of the loading spring is adjusted by adjusting the position of the nut on the transmission shaft. Under the action of the elliptical motion of the transducer electrode sheet, a friction torque is generated at the contact surface between the rotor and the longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer, and the friction torque drives the rotor to make a rotary motion, and the rotor is driven by the transmission shaft The sampling drilling tool makes a rotary motion.
本发明所述的不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the rotary impact ultrasonic drill without free mass block of the present invention are as follows:
1)、本发明结构设计科学合理，利用单压电陶瓷叠堆驱动的纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器同时实现钻具的回转与冲击运动。具有结构简单、质量轻、无需润滑、所需钻压力小的特点。1) The structure design of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, and the longitudinal-longitudinal-torsion composite piezoelectric transducer driven by a single piezoelectric ceramic stack is used to realize the rotary and impact motion of the drilling tool at the same time. It has the characteristics of simple structure, light weight, no need for lubrication, and low drilling pressure required.
2)、本发明省去了一般超声波钻探器中的自由质量块部件，利用纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器变幅杆的简谐振动直接驱动钻具作冲击运动，具有能量传递效率高，钻进效率高的效果。2), the present invention omits the free mass block parts in the general ultrasonic drill, and uses the simple harmonic vibration of the horn of the longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer to directly drive the drilling tool for impact motion, which has energy transfer efficiency High, the effect of high drilling efficiency.
3)、本发明利用单压电陶瓷叠堆驱动的纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器驱动齿的椭圆运动实现钻具的回转运动，省去了电磁电机，使钻探器的结构简单、质量轻，具有较为宽泛的工作温度范围。3), the present invention utilizes the elliptical motion of the driving teeth of the vertical-longitudinal-torsion composite piezoelectric transducer driven by a single piezoelectric ceramic stack to realize the rotary motion of the drilling tool, eliminating the need for an electromagnetic motor, so that the structure of the drilling tool is simple, Lightweight and has a wide operating temperature range.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述的不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the rotary percussion type ultrasonic drill not containing free mass according to the present invention;
图2为本发明所述的纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer of the present invention;
图中：1-采样钻具；2-回转轴套；3-回复弹簧；4-前壳体；5-纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器； 501-变幅杆；502-压电陶瓷片；503-电极片；504-纵扭耦合振子；6-后壳体；7-转子；8-加载弹簧；9-螺母；10-后轴承端盖；11-回转轴承；12-传动轴；13-后密珠轴承；14-冲击轴承。In the figure: 1-sampling drilling tool; 2-rotary bushing; 3-recovery spring; 4-front housing; 5-longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer; 501-horn; Ceramic sheet; 503-electrode sheet; 504-longitudinal torsion coupling vibrator; 6-rear shell; 7-rotor; 8-loading spring; 9-nut; 10-rear bearing cover; 11-rotary bearing; ; 13-rear dense ball bearing; 14-impact bearing.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明：The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
具体实施方式一：参见图1说明本实施方式。本实施方式所述的一种不含自由质量块的回转冲击式超声波钻探器包括采样钻具1、回复弹簧2、回转轴套3、前壳体4、纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器5、后壳体6、转子7、加载弹簧8、螺母9、后轴承端盖10和传动轴12；Specific Embodiment 1: Refer to FIG. 1 to illustrate this embodiment. A rotary impact ultrasonic drill without free mass described in this embodiment includes a sampling drilling tool 1, a return spring 2, a rotary shaft sleeve 3, a front housing 4, and a longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer Device 5, rear casing 6, rotor 7, loading spring 8, nut 9, rear bearing cover 10 and transmission shaft 12;
所述传动轴12与采样钻具1固定连接，所述传动轴12的外周套有纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器5，所述前壳体4、后壳体6和后轴承端盖10依次连接形成一个壳体，所述传动轴 12的前端、纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器5和采样钻具1的尾端位于壳体内部，所述传动轴 12的尾部从后轴承端盖10穿出，所述传动轴12的外周从前到后依次套有转子7、加载弹簧8与螺母9，所述转子7与加载弹簧8连接，通过调节螺母9在传动轴12上的位置调整加载弹簧8的压缩量，所述纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器5的尾端与转子7接触且工作状态时此接触面处产生摩擦力矩，所述摩擦力矩驱动转子7做回转运动，所述转子7通过传动轴驱动采样钻具7做回转运动；The transmission shaft 12 is fixedly connected with the sampling drilling tool 1, and the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 12 is covered with a longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer 5. The front housing 4, the rear housing 6 and the rear bearing end The cover 10 is sequentially connected to form a housing, and the front end of the transmission shaft 12, the longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer 5 and the tail end of the sampling drill 1 are located inside the housing, and the tail of the transmission shaft 12 is connected from the The rear bearing end cover 10 passes through, and the outer circumference of the transmission shaft 12 is covered with a rotor 7, a loading spring 8 and a nut 9 in sequence from front to back. position to adjust the compression of the loading spring 8, the tail end of the longitudinal-longitudinal torsion composite piezoelectric transducer 5 is in contact with the rotor 7 and a friction torque is generated at this contact surface during the working state, and the friction torque drives the rotor 7 Make a rotary motion, and the rotor 7 drives the sampling drilling tool 7 to make a rotary motion through the transmission shaft;
所述采样钻具1的尾端套有回复弹簧2和回转轴套3，所述回复弹簧2与回转轴套3连接，用于提供采样钻具1运动过程中的回复力，所述采样钻具1从前壳体4的头部穿出。The tail end of the sampling drill 1 is covered with a return spring 2 and a rotary sleeve 3, and the return spring 2 is connected with the rotary sleeve 3 to provide the recovery force during the movement of the sampling drill 1. The sampling drill The tool 1 passes through the head of the front housing 4 .
所述纵-纵扭复合式压电换能器5包括变幅杆501、四片压电陶瓷片502、电极片503和四片纵扭耦合振子504，所述四片压电陶瓷片502与四片纵扭耦合振子504间隔排列且压电陶瓷片502和纵扭耦合振子504的中间均设置有圆孔，所述变幅杆501穿过压电陶瓷片502与纵扭耦合振子504的圆孔插入电极片503。The longitudinal-longitudinal-torsion composite piezoelectric transducer 5 includes a horn 501, four piezoelectric ceramic sheets 502, electrode sheets 503 and four longitudinal-torsion coupling vibrators 504, and the four piezoelectric ceramic sheets 502 and Four pieces of longitudinal-torsion coupling vibrators 504 are arranged at intervals, and a circular hole is set in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 502 and the longitudinal-torsion coupling vibrator 504, and the horn 501 passes through the circle between the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 502 and the longitudinal-torsion coupling vibrator 504. The hole inserts the electrode sheet 503 .
所述采样钻具1位于变幅杆501的前方，所述变幅杆501与采样钻具1发生冲击碰撞，使采样钻具1沿轴向作冲击运动。The sampling drilling tool 1 is located in front of the horn 501, and the horn 501 collides with the sampling drilling tool 1 to make the sampling drilling tool 1 perform an impact movement in the axial direction.
所述电极片503与传动轴12连接且与转子7接触。The electrode piece 503 is connected with the transmission shaft 12 and contacts with the rotor 7 .
所述变幅杆501的尾部插入端外套有后密珠轴承13，所述后密珠轴承13套于变幅杆 501与电极片503之间。The tail insertion end of the horn 501 is covered with a rear dense ball bearing 13, and the rear dense ball bearing 13 is sleeved between the horn 501 and the electrode sheet 503.
所述传动轴12的尾部穿过回转轴承11从后轴承端盖10穿出，所述回转轴承11固嵌在后轴承端盖10的内部。The tail of the transmission shaft 12 passes through the slewing bearing 11 and passes through the rear bearing end cover 10 , and the slewing bearing 11 is fixedly embedded in the rear bearing end cover 10 .
所述采样钻具1穿过冲击轴承14从前壳体4的头部穿出，所述冲击轴承14固嵌在前壳体4的头部内。The sampling drill 1 passes through the head of the front housing 4 through the impact bearing 14 , and the impact bearing 14 is fixedly embedded in the head of the front housing 4 .
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明。所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，还可以是上述各个实施方式记载的特征的合理组合，凡在本发明精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and may also be a reasonable combination of the features described in the above-mentioned implementations, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810827975.XACN108952562A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Rotary-percussion ultrasonic drilling device without free mass block |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810827975.XACN108952562A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Rotary-percussion ultrasonic drilling device without free mass block |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108952562Atrue CN108952562A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810827975.XAPendingCN108952562A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Rotary-percussion ultrasonic drilling device without free mass block |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108952562A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20181207 | |
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |