CN108938014B - Shoulder arthroscopy working channel positioning expander - Google Patents

Abstract

Shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, including square pipe, the bottom fixed mounting hypoplastron of side pipe inner wall, four bar spouts are seted up to the top surface of hypoplastron, the bar spout links to each other in proper order and constitutes the groined type, the bottom side of bar spout is seted up the bar respectively and is passed through the groove, respectively movable mounting rack in the bar spout, the rack can slide along the bar spout that corresponds respectively, the bar passes through the inslot and is movably mounted the slider respectively, the slider can slide along the bar that corresponds passes through the groove respectively, the top side of slider respectively with the one end fixed connection of rack bottom side, establish the cylinder under the hypoplastron, the lower extreme of cylinder is the back taper, the cylinder is by the front side pull rod, the left side pull rod, back side pull rod and right side pull rod are constituteed, the front side pull rod. The epidural puncture needle has a simple structure, integrates an epidural puncture needle and a straight clamp, can directly expand a channel after epidural puncture is finished, and is convenient and fast to use and operate.

Description

Translated fromChinese

肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器Shoulder arthroscopy working channel positioning expander

技术领域technical field

本发明属于医疗设备领域，具体地说是一种肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器。The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander.

背景技术Background technique

关节镜手术是将具有照明装置的透镜金属管通过很小的切口插入关节腔内，并在监视器上将关节腔的内部结构放大，观察关节腔内的病变情况及部位，同时在电视监视下进行全面检查和清理病损部位；关节镜的定位与扩张一般分步进行，需要将硬膜外穿刺针定位后再用直钳给予扩张通道，然后放入工作套管，操作繁琐，影响手术的进度，通道扩张中医生使用双手紧握直钳，使直钳将通道撑开，医生很难控制用力的大小，用力过小难以将通道撑开，用力过大，容易使通道扩张过大，导致手术开口过大难以愈合，同时，通道扩张后医生依然需要用力握住直钳来维持直钳的开口状态，保持通道扩张状态，浪费医生大量的体力支出，增加手术难度，无法满足实际需求，故我们发明了一种新的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器。Arthroscopic surgery is to insert a lens metal tube with an illumination device into the joint cavity through a small incision, and magnify the internal structure of the joint cavity on the monitor to observe the lesions and locations in the joint cavity, and at the same time, under the surveillance of TV. Carry out a comprehensive inspection and clean up the lesion site; the positioning and expansion of the arthroscope are generally carried out step by step. It is necessary to position the epidural needle and then use straight forceps to give the expansion channel, and then put the working cannula into it. The operation is cumbersome and affects the operation. In the process of channel expansion, the doctor uses both hands to hold the straight forceps tightly to open the channel. It is difficult for the doctor to control the amount of force. It is difficult for the doctor to open the channel with too little force. The surgical opening is too large and difficult to heal. At the same time, after the channel is expanded, the doctor still needs to hold the straight forceps firmly to maintain the opening state of the straight forceps and maintain the channel expansion state, which wastes a lot of physical expenditure of the doctor, increases the difficulty of the operation, and cannot meet the actual needs. Therefore, We have invented a new shoulder arthroscopic working channel positioning expander.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供一种肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，用以解决现有技术中的缺陷。The present invention provides a shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, which is used to solve the defects in the prior art.

本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，包括方管，方管内壁的底部固定安装下板，下板的顶面开设四个条形滑槽，条形滑槽依次相连组成井字形，条形滑槽的底侧分别开设条形透槽，条形滑槽内分别活动安装齿条，齿条能够分别沿对应的条形滑槽滑动，条形透槽内分别活动安装滑块，滑块能够分别沿对应的条形透槽滑动，滑块的顶侧分别与齿条底侧的一端固定连接，下板的正下方设圆柱体，圆柱体的下端为倒锥形，圆柱体由前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆及右侧拉杆组成，前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆及右侧拉杆的形状相同，左侧滑块的底侧与前侧拉杆的顶侧、后侧滑块的底侧与左侧拉杆的顶侧、右侧滑块的底侧与后侧拉杆的顶侧、前侧滑块的底侧与右侧拉杆的顶侧分别通过连接杆固定连接；方管内壁前后左右的下部中间分别轴承连接横轴的一端，横轴外周的中部分别固定安装齿轮，齿轮分别与对应的齿条啮合配合，横轴的另一端分别固定安装第一斜齿轮，方管内设有竖轴，竖轴与方管中心线共线，竖轴的下端固定安装第二斜齿轮，第一斜齿轮分别与第二斜齿轮啮合配合，竖轴外周的中部轴承安装轴套，轴套的外周与方管的内壁通过数个横杆固定连接，方管的顶部固定安装上板，上板顶面的中间开设通孔，通孔的内侧与竖轴外周的上部轴承连接，竖轴的上端固定安装棘轮，棘轮的顶侧固定安装手轮，手轮与竖轴中心线共线，上板顶面的左侧通过扭簧铰链连接棘齿，棘齿与棘轮活动配合，棘齿的后侧设有档杆，档杆的前侧与棘齿的后侧接触配合。The shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander includes a square tube, the bottom of the inner wall of the square tube is fixedly installed with a lower plate, and the top surface of the lower plate is provided with four bar-shaped chutes, which are connected in sequence to form a well-shaped, bar-shaped chutes. There are bar-shaped through grooves on the bottom side respectively, and racks are movably installed in the bar-shaped chutes. The racks can slide along the corresponding bar-shaped chutes respectively. Sliders are installed in the bar-shaped through grooves respectively. The corresponding bar-shaped through-slot slides, the top side of the slider is fixedly connected with one end of the bottom side of the rack, and a cylinder is set directly under the lower plate, and the lower end of the cylinder is an inverted cone. It is composed of side pull rod, rear pull rod and right pull rod. The shape of front pull rod, left pull rod, rear pull rod and right pull rod are the same. The bottom side of the left slider is the top and rear sliders of the front pull rod The bottom side of the slider and the top side of the left pull rod, the bottom side of the right slider and the top side of the rear pull rod, the bottom side of the front slider and the top side of the right pull rod are fixedly connected by connecting rods respectively; the inner wall of the square tube The middle parts of the front, rear, left, and right lower parts are respectively connected to one end of the horizontal shaft. The middle part of the outer circumference of the horizontal shaft is fixedly installed with gears. The gears are meshed with the corresponding racks respectively. The other end of the horizontal shaft is respectively fixed with a first helical gear. The vertical shaft is collinear with the center line of the square tube. The lower end of the vertical shaft is fixedly installed with a second helical gear. The first helical gear meshes with the second helical gear respectively. The outer periphery and the inner wall of the square tube are fixedly connected by several cross rods. The top of the square tube is fixedly installed with the upper plate, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the top surface of the upper plate. The ratchet wheel is fixedly installed. The top side of the ratchet wheel is fixedly installed with a hand wheel. The hand wheel is collinear with the center line of the vertical axis. The left side of the top surface of the upper plate is connected to the ratchet tooth through a torsion spring hinge. A gear lever is provided, and the front side of the gear lever is in contact with the rear side of the ratchet.

如上所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，所述的圆柱体顶面的中间开设空腔，空腔的底部为倒锥形，且空腔的底部与外部相通。In the above-mentioned shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, a cavity is set in the middle of the top surface of the cylinder, the bottom of the cavity is an inverted cone, and the bottom of the cavity communicates with the outside.

如上所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，所述的横轴外周的另一端分别轴承安装轴座，轴座的顶侧分别与对应的横杆的底侧通过支撑杆固定连接。In the aforementioned shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, the other end of the outer periphery of the transverse shaft is respectively bearing and mounted with a shaft seat, and the top side of the shaft seat is respectively fixedly connected with the bottom side of the corresponding transverse rod through a support rod.

如上所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，所述的圆柱体采用医用不锈钢。In the above-mentioned shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, the cylindrical body is made of medical stainless steel.

如上所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，所述的档杆的外周覆盖一层橡胶层。In the above-mentioned shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, the outer periphery of the stop rod is covered with a layer of rubber.

如上所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，所述的方管的外周均匀开设数个装饰裂纹。In the above-mentioned shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, several decorative cracks are evenly opened on the outer periphery of the square tube.

本发明的优点是：本发明结构简单，集硬膜外穿刺针与直钳于一体，完成硬膜穿刺后能够直接进行通道的扩张，使用操作便捷，通道扩张程度的调节方便，通道扩张中无直接作用力拉扯通道，通过转动手轮的方式调节通道扩张的大小，且设有自锁装置，能够维持通道扩张后的状态，节省医生大量的体力劳动支出，加快手术进程，能够满足市场需求，适合推广。临床使用时，圆柱体在闭合状态，前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆及右侧拉杆之间的相邻面接触配合，圆柱体下端的倒锥形能够当做穿刺定位针使用，医生手持方管，使圆柱体的下端置于患者病变部位的皮肤切口处，医生用力推动方管的顶部，使圆柱体的下端做关节穿刺；完成定位后，圆柱体的下部位于肩关节镜工作通道内，正向转动手轮，棘轮随手轮转动，棘轮与棘齿活动配合，棘轮通过竖轴带动第二斜齿轮转动，第一斜齿轮分别与第二斜齿轮啮合配合，第一斜齿轮分别开始逆时针转动，第一斜齿轮分别通过横轴带动对应的齿轮转动，齿轮分别与对应的齿条啮合配合，齿条分别沿对应的条形槽滑动，齿条分别通过对应的滑块带动连接杆沿条形透槽移动，连接杆分别带动对应的前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆或右侧拉杆向外侧移动，前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆及右侧拉杆之间的相邻面分离，圆柱体在张开的状态能够当做撑开器使用，前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆及右侧拉杆的外侧分别向外侧撑开通道，使通道扩张，继续正向转动手轮，通道不断扩大，至通道大小适当，停止转动手轮，在扭簧的作用下棘齿的后侧与档杆的前侧接触配合，棘齿的右端将棘轮卡住，使棘轮无法反向转动，圆柱体张开的大小被固定，通过圆柱体中间的开口将关节镜插入肩关节腔内，然后进行肩关节腔内观察；观察结束后，将关节镜从圆柱体中间的开口内拔出，并继续正向转动手轮，同时向后按压棘齿前侧的左端，棘齿沿其铰接轴顺时针转动，至棘齿的右端与棘轮分离，再反向转动手轮，棘轮随手轮转动，棘轮通过竖轴带动第二斜齿轮转动，第一斜齿轮分别与第二斜齿轮啮合配合，第一斜齿轮分别开始顺时针转动，第一斜齿轮分别通过横轴带动对应的齿轮转动，齿轮分别与对应的齿条啮合配合，齿条分别沿对应的条形槽滑动，齿条分别通过对应的滑块带动连接杆沿条形透槽移动，连接杆分别带动对应的前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆或右侧拉杆向内侧移动，至前侧拉杆、左侧拉杆、后侧拉杆及右侧拉杆之间的相邻面重新接触配合，松开棘齿，并向上拉动方管，将圆柱体的下部从肩关节腔内拉出，清理肩关节腔后缝合皮肤切口，完成肩关节镜手术。The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has a simple structure, integrates an epidural puncture needle and a straight forceps, and can directly expand the channel after the dural puncture is completed. Direct force pulls the channel, adjusts the size of the channel expansion by turning the handwheel, and is equipped with a self-locking device, which can maintain the state of the channel after expansion, save a lot of manual labor costs for doctors, speed up the operation process, and meet market demand. suitable for promotion. In clinical use, when the cylinder is in a closed state, the adjacent surfaces of the front pull rod, left pull rod, rear pull rod and right pull rod are in contact and fit, and the inverted cone at the lower end of the cylinder can be used as a puncture positioning needle. Square tube, place the lower end of the cylinder at the skin incision of the patient's diseased part, and the doctor pushes the top of the square tube hard to make the lower end of the cylinder for joint puncture; after the positioning is completed, the lower part of the cylinder is located in the working channel of the shoulder arthroscope , rotate the handwheel in the forward direction, the ratchet rotates with the handwheel, the ratchet and the ratchet are movably matched, the ratchet drives the second helical gear to rotate through the vertical shaft, the first helical gear meshes with the second helical gear respectively, and the first helical gear starts to reverse When the clock rotates, the first helical gear drives the corresponding gears to rotate through the horizontal axis respectively, the gears mesh with the corresponding racks, the racks slide along the corresponding strip grooves, and the racks drive the connecting rods along the corresponding The bar-shaped through slot moves, and the connecting rod drives the corresponding front pull rod, left pull rod, rear pull rod or right pull rod to move to the outside. The adjacent surfaces are separated, and the cylinder can be used as a spreader in the open state. The outer sides of the front pull rod, left pull rod, rear pull rod and right pull rod open the channel to the outside respectively, so that the channel expands and continues to rotate forward. The hand wheel, the channel continues to expand, until the channel size is appropriate, stop turning the hand wheel, under the action of the torsion spring, the rear side of the ratchet is in contact with the front side of the gear lever, and the right end of the ratchet locks the ratchet, so that the ratchet cannot reverse. The size of the opening of the cylinder is fixed, and the arthroscope is inserted into the shoulder joint cavity through the opening in the middle of the cylinder, and then the shoulder joint cavity is observed; after the observation, the arthroscope is pulled out from the opening in the middle of the cylinder. out, and continue to turn the handwheel in the forward direction, while pressing the left end of the front side of the ratchet back, the ratchet rotates clockwise along its hinge axis until the right end of the ratchet is separated from the ratchet, and then turn the handwheel in the reverse direction, and the ratchet follows the handwheel. Rotating, the ratchet drives the second helical gear to rotate through the vertical shaft, the first helical gear meshes with the second helical gear respectively, the first helical gear starts to rotate clockwise respectively, and the first helical gear drives the corresponding gear to rotate through the horizontal shaft respectively, The gears mesh and cooperate with the corresponding racks respectively, the racks slide along the corresponding strip grooves, the racks drive the connecting rods to move along the strip through grooves through the corresponding sliders, and the connecting rods drive the corresponding front pull rods, left Move the side pull rod, rear pull rod or right pull rod inward until the adjacent surfaces between the front pull rod, left pull rod, rear pull rod and right pull rod are in contact again, release the ratchet teeth, and pull the square tube upwards , Pull out the lower part of the cylinder from the shoulder joint cavity, clean the shoulder joint cavity and suture the skin incision to complete the shoulder arthroscopy.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

图1是本发明的结构示意图；图2是沿图1的A-A线剖视图的放大图；图3是沿图1的B-B线剖视图的放大图；图4是图1的C向视图的放大图；图5是图1的Ⅰ局部放大图。Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a cross-sectional view along line A-A of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a cross-sectional view along line B-B of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the C-direction view of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of part I of Fig. 1 .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，如图所示，包括方管1，方管1内壁的底部固定安装下板2，下板2的顶面开设四个条形滑槽3，条形滑槽3依次相连组成井字形，条形滑槽3的底侧分别开设条形透槽4，条形滑槽3内分别活动安装齿条5，齿条5能够分别沿对应的条形滑槽3滑动，条形透槽4内分别活动安装滑块6，滑块6能够分别沿对应的条形透槽4滑动，滑块6的顶侧分别与齿条5底侧的一端固定连接，下板2的正下方设圆柱体20，圆柱体20的下端为倒锥形，圆柱体20由前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203及右侧拉杆204组成，前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203及右侧拉杆204的形状相同，左侧滑块6的底侧与前侧拉杆201的顶侧、后侧滑块6的底侧与左侧拉杆202的顶侧、右侧滑块6的底侧与后侧拉杆203的顶侧、前侧滑块6的底侧与右侧拉杆204的顶侧分别通过连接杆21固定连接；方管1内壁前后左右的下部中间分别轴承连接横轴7的一端，横轴7外周的中部分别固定安装齿轮8，齿轮8分别与对应的齿条5啮合配合，横轴7的另一端分别固定安装第一斜齿轮9，方管1内设有竖轴10，竖轴10与方管1中心线共线，竖轴10的下端固定安装第二斜齿轮11，第一斜齿轮9分别与第二斜齿轮11啮合配合，竖轴10外周的中部轴承安装轴套12，轴套12的外周与方管1的内壁通过数个横杆13固定连接，方管1的顶部固定安装上板14，上板14顶面的中间开设通孔15，通孔15的内侧与竖轴10外周的上部轴承连接，竖轴10的上端固定安装棘轮16，棘轮16的顶侧固定安装手轮17，手轮17与竖轴10中心线共线，上板14顶面的左侧通过扭簧铰链连接棘齿18，棘齿18与棘轮16活动配合，棘齿18的后侧设有档杆19，档杆19的前侧与棘齿18的后侧接触配合。本发明结构简单，集硬膜外穿刺针与直钳于一体，完成硬膜穿刺后能够直接进行通道的扩张，使用操作便捷，通道扩张程度的调节方便，通道扩张中无直接作用力拉扯通道，通过转动手轮的方式调节通道扩张的大小，且设有自锁装置，能够维持通道扩张后的状态，节省医生大量的体力劳动支出，加快手术进程，能够满足市场需求，适合推广。临床使用时，圆柱体20在闭合状态，前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203及右侧拉杆204之间的相邻面接触配合，圆柱体20下端的倒锥形能够当做穿刺定位针使用，医生手持方管1，使圆柱体20的下端置于患者病变部位的皮肤切口处，医生用力推动方管1的顶部，使圆柱体20的下端做关节穿刺；完成定位后，圆柱体20的下部位于肩关节镜工作通道内，正向转动手轮17，棘轮16随手轮17转动，棘轮16与棘齿18活动配合，棘轮16通过竖轴10带动第二斜齿轮11转动，第一斜齿轮9分别与第二斜齿轮11啮合配合，第一斜齿轮9分别开始逆时针转动，第一斜齿轮9分别通过横轴7带动对应的齿轮8转动，齿轮8分别与对应的齿条5啮合配合，齿条5分别沿对应的条形槽3滑动，齿条5分别通过对应的滑块6带动连接杆21沿条形透槽4移动，连接杆21分别带动对应的前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203或右侧拉杆204向外侧移动，前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203及右侧拉杆204之间的相邻面分离，圆柱体20在张开的状态能够当做撑开器使用，前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203及右侧拉杆204的外侧分别向外侧撑开通道，使通道扩张，继续正向转动手轮17，通道不断扩大，至通道大小适当，停止转动手轮17，在扭簧的作用下棘齿18的后侧与档杆19的前侧接触配合，棘齿18的右端将棘轮16卡住，使棘轮16无法反向转动，圆柱体20张开的大小被固定，通过圆柱体20中间的开口将关节镜插入肩关节腔内，然后进行肩关节腔内观察；观察结束后，将关节镜从圆柱体20中间的开口内拔出，并继续正向转动手轮17，同时向后按压棘齿18前侧的左端，棘齿18沿其铰接轴顺时针转动，至棘齿18的右端与棘轮16分离，再反向转动手轮17，棘轮16随手轮17转动，棘轮16通过竖轴10带动第二斜齿轮11转动，第一斜齿轮9分别与第二斜齿轮11啮合配合，第一斜齿轮9分别开始顺时针转动，第一斜齿轮9分别通过横轴7带动对应的齿轮8转动，齿轮8分别与对应的齿条5啮合配合，齿条5分别沿对应的条形槽3滑动，齿条5分别通过对应的滑块6带动连接杆21沿条形透槽4移动，连接杆21分别带动对应的前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203或右侧拉杆204向内侧移动，至前侧拉杆201、左侧拉杆202、后侧拉杆203及右侧拉杆204之间的相邻面重新接触配合，松开棘齿18，并向上拉动方管1，将圆柱体20的下部从肩关节腔内拉出，清理肩关节腔后缝合皮肤切口，完成肩关节镜手术。The shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander, as shown in the figure, includes asquare tube 1, the bottom of the inner wall of thesquare tube 1 is fixedly installed with alower plate 2, and the top surface of thelower plate 2 is provided with four bar-shaped chute 3, the bar-shaped chute 3 are connected in sequence to form a well-shaped shape, the bottom side of the bar-shaped chute 3 is respectively provided with a bar-shaped through-groove 4, theracks 5 are respectively installed in the bar-shaped chute 3, and theracks 5 can slide along the corresponding bar-shaped chute 3 respectively. , thesliders 6 are movably installed in the bar-shaped through-slots 4, and thesliders 6 can slide along the corresponding bar-shaped through-slots 4 respectively. Acylinder 20 is set directly below thecylinder 20, and the lower end of thecylinder 20 is an inverted cone. Thecylinder 20 is composed of afront pull rod 201, aleft pull rod 202, arear pull rod 203 and aright pull rod 204. Thefront pull rod 201, theleft pull rod 204 The shape of thepull rod 202 , therear pull rod 203 and theright pull rod 204 are the same. The bottom side of theright slider 6 and the top side of therear pull rod 203, the bottom side of thefront slider 6 and the top side of theright pull rod 204 are fixedly connected by connectingrods 21 respectively; Bearings are connected to one end of thehorizontal shaft 7, respectively, the middle part of the outer circumference of thehorizontal shaft 7 is fixedly installed with agear 8, thegear 8 is meshed with thecorresponding rack 5, and the other end of thehorizontal shaft 7 is fixedly installed with a firsthelical gear 9. Thesquare tube 1 is provided with avertical shaft 10, thevertical shaft 10 is collinear with the center line of thesquare tube 1, the lower end of thevertical shaft 10 is fixedly installed with a secondhelical gear 11, the firsthelical gear 9 is meshed with the secondhelical gear 11 respectively, thevertical shaft 10. The middle bearing of the outer circumference is installed with theshaft sleeve 12, the outer circumference of theshaft sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of thesquare tube 1 through several cross bars 13, the top of thesquare tube 1 is fixedly installed with theupper plate 14, and the middle of the top surface of theupper plate 14 is opened.Hole 15, the inner side of the throughhole 15 is connected to the upper bearing of the outer periphery of thevertical shaft 10, the upper end of thevertical shaft 10 is fixedly installed with aratchet 16, the top side of theratchet 16 is fixedly installed with ahandwheel 17, and thehandwheel 17 is collinear with the center line of thevertical shaft 10 , the left side of the top surface of theupper plate 14 is connected to theratchet tooth 18 through a torsion spring hinge, and theratchet tooth 18 is movably matched with theratchet wheel 16. Rear side contact fit. The invention has a simple structure, integrates the epidural puncture needle and the straight forceps, and can directly expand the channel after the dural puncture is completed. The size of the channel expansion is adjusted by turning the handwheel, and a self-locking device is provided, which can maintain the state of the channel after expansion, save doctors a lot of manual labor costs, speed up the operation process, can meet market demand, and is suitable for promotion. In clinical use, when thecylinder 20 is in a closed state, the adjacent surfaces between thefront pull rod 201, theleft pull rod 202, therear pull rod 203 and theright pull rod 204 are in contact and fit, and the inverted cone at the lower end of thecylinder 20 can be used as a puncture. To use the positioning needle, the doctor holds thesquare tube 1 and places the lower end of thecylinder 20 at the skin incision of the patient's diseased part. The lower part of thebody 20 is located in the working channel of the shoulder arthroscope. When thehand wheel 17 is rotated forward, theratchet wheel 16 rotates with thehand wheel 17. Theratchet wheel 16 cooperates with theratchet tooth 18 movably. Ahelical gear 9 meshes with the secondhelical gear 11 respectively, the firsthelical gear 9 starts to rotate counterclockwise respectively, the firsthelical gear 9 drives thecorresponding gear 8 to rotate through thehorizontal shaft 7 respectively, and thegear 8 is respectively connected with thecorresponding rack 5. Meshing and matching, theracks 5 slide along thecorresponding strip grooves 3 respectively, theracks 5 respectively drive the connectingrods 21 to move along the strip-shaped through grooves 4 through the correspondingsliders 6, and the connectingrods 21 respectively drive the corresponding front pullrods 201 , the leftside tie rod 202, the rearside tie rod 203 or the rightside tie rod 204 moves to the outside, the adjacent surfaces between the frontside tie rod 201, the leftside tie rod 202, the rearside tie rod 203 and the rightside tie rod 204 are separated, and thecylinder 20 is in the The open state can be used as a spreader. The outer sides of thefront pull rod 201 , theleft pull rod 202 , therear pull rod 203 and theright pull rod 204 respectively open the channel to the outside to expand the channel, and continue to rotate thehandwheel 17 in the forward direction. , the channel continues to expand until the size of the channel is appropriate, stop turning thehand wheel 17, under the action of the torsion spring, the rear side of theratchet tooth 18 is in contact with the front side of thegear lever 19, and the right end of theratchet tooth 18 locks theratchet wheel 16, so that the Theratchet 16 cannot be rotated in the reverse direction, and the opening size of thecylinder 20 is fixed. Insert the arthroscope into the shoulder joint cavity through the opening in the middle of thecylinder 20, and then observe the shoulder joint cavity; after the observation, remove the arthroscope from the cylinder. Pull out from the opening in the middle of the body 20, and continue to rotate the handwheel 17 in the forward direction, while pressing the left end of the front side of the ratchet tooth 18 backward, the ratchet tooth 18 rotates clockwise along its hinge axis, until the right end of the ratchet tooth 18 and the ratchet 16 Separate, and then turn the hand wheel 17 in the opposite direction, the ratchet wheel 16 rotates with the hand wheel 17, the ratchet wheel 16 drives the second helical gear 11 to rotate through the vertical shaft 10, the first helical gear 9 meshes with the second helical gear 11 respectively, the first helical gear 11 9 respectively start to rotate clockwise, the first helical gear 9 drives the corresponding gear 8 to rotate through the horizontal shaft 7 respectively, the gear 8 is meshed with the corresponding rack 5 respectively, the rack 5 slides along the corresponding strip groove 3, the tooth The bar 5 drives the connecting rod 21 to move along the bar-shaped through slot 4 through the corresponding slider 6 respectively, and the connecting rod 21 respectively drives the corresponding front pull rod 201, left pull rod 202, rear pull rod 203 or right pull rod 204 to move inwardly , until the adjacent surfaces between the front pull rod 201 , the left pull rod 202 , the rear pull rod 203 and the right pull rod 204 contact and cooperate again, release the ratchet 18 , and Pull the square tube 1 upward, pull out the lower part of the cylinder 20 from the shoulder joint cavity, clean the shoulder joint cavity and suture the skin incision to complete the shoulder arthroscopic surgery.

具体而言，如图所示，本实施例所述的圆柱体20顶面的中间开设空腔22，空腔22的底部为倒锥形，且空腔22的底部与外部相通。圆柱体20的尖端在硬膜穿刺过程中，肩关节腔内的部分积液、气体能够沿空腔22排出，避免肩关节腔内的积液或气体被圆柱体20的尖端压迫，使肩关节腔膨胀导致硬膜撕裂。Specifically, as shown in the figure, acavity 22 is provided in the middle of the top surface of thecylinder 20 in this embodiment, the bottom of thecavity 22 is an inverted cone, and the bottom of thecavity 22 communicates with the outside. During the dural puncture process at the tip of thecylinder 20, part of the fluid and gas in the shoulder joint cavity can be discharged along thecavity 22, so as to avoid the fluid or gas in the shoulder joint cavity being compressed by the tip of thecylinder 20, causing the shoulder joint to be compressed. Dilation of the cavity results in a tear in the dura mater.

具体的，如图所示，本实施例所述的横轴7外周的另一端分别轴承安装轴座23，轴座23的顶侧分别与对应的横杆13的底侧通过支撑杆24固定连接。横轴7的另一端分别通过轴座23、支撑杆24与对应的横杆13固定连接，增加横轴7的稳定性，避免横轴7转动时晃动。Specifically, as shown in the figure, the other end of the outer circumference of thehorizontal shaft 7 in this embodiment is respectively bearing and installed with theshaft seat 23 , and the top side of theshaft seat 23 is respectively fixedly connected with the bottom side of the correspondinghorizontal rod 13 through thesupport rod 24 . The other end of thehorizontal shaft 7 is fixedly connected with the correspondinghorizontal rod 13 through theshaft seat 23 and thesupport rod 24 respectively, which increases the stability of thehorizontal shaft 7 and avoids the shaking of thehorizontal shaft 7 when it rotates.

进一步的，如图所示，本实施例所述的圆柱体20采用医用不锈钢。医用不锈钢耐用、抗腐蚀、稳定性好，便于本装置的高温消毒，并延长圆柱体20的使用寿命。Further, as shown in the figure, thecylindrical body 20 in this embodiment is made of medical stainless steel. The medical stainless steel is durable, anti-corrosion and stable, which facilitates the high-temperature sterilization of the device and prolongs the service life of thecylinder 20 .

更进一步的，如图所示，本实施例所述的档杆19的外周覆盖一层橡胶层。橡胶层能够减缓棘齿18的后侧与档杆19的前侧接触时的震动，消除本装置对患者的额外伤害。Further, as shown in the figure, the outer periphery of thegear lever 19 in this embodiment is covered with a layer of rubber. The rubber layer can slow down the vibration when the rear side of theratchet tooth 18 is in contact with the front side of thegear lever 19, so as to eliminate the additional injury of the device to the patient.

更进一步的，如图所示，本实施例所述的方管1的外周均匀开设数个装饰裂纹25。装饰裂纹25能够增加手掌与方管1之间的摩擦力，方便使用者用手把持方管1。Further, as shown in the figure, severaldecorative cracks 25 are evenly opened on the outer circumference of thesquare tube 1 in this embodiment. Thedecorative cracks 25 can increase the frictional force between the palm and thesquare tube 1 , which is convenient for the user to hold thesquare tube 1 by hand.

最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1.肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，包括方管（1），其特征在于：方管（1）内壁的底部固定安装下板（2），下板（2）的顶面开设四个条形滑槽（3），条形滑槽（3）依次相连组成井字形，条形滑槽（3）的底侧分别开设条形透槽（4），条形滑槽（3）内分别活动安装齿条（5），齿条（5）能够分别沿对应的条形滑槽（3）滑动，条形透槽（4）内分别活动安装滑块（6），滑块（6）能够分别沿对应的条形透槽（4）滑动，滑块（6）的顶侧分别与齿条（5）底侧的一端固定连接，下板（2）的正下方设圆柱体（20），圆柱体（20）的下端为倒锥形，圆柱体（20）由前侧拉杆（201）、左侧拉杆（202）、后侧拉杆（203）及右侧拉杆（204）组成，前侧拉杆（201）、左侧拉杆（202）、后侧拉杆（203）及右侧拉杆（204）的形状相同，左侧滑块（6）的底侧与前侧拉杆（201）的顶侧、后侧滑块（6）的底侧与左侧拉杆（202）的顶侧、右侧滑块（6）的底侧与后侧拉杆（203）的顶侧、前侧滑块（6）的底侧与右侧拉杆（204）的顶侧分别通过连接杆（21）固定连接；方管（1）内壁前后左右的下部中间分别轴承连接横轴（7）的一端，横轴（7）外周的中部分别固定安装齿轮（8），齿轮（8）分别与对应的齿条（5）啮合配合，横轴（7）的另一端分别固定安装第一斜齿轮（9），方管（1）内设有竖轴（10），竖轴（10）与方管（1）中心线共线，竖轴（10）的下端固定安装第二斜齿轮（11），第一斜齿轮（9）分别与第二斜齿轮（11）啮合配合，竖轴（10）外周的中部轴承安装轴套（12），轴套（12）的外周与方管（1）的内壁通过数个横杆（13）固定连接，方管（1）的顶部固定安装上板（14），上板（14）顶面的中间开设通孔（15），通孔（15）的内侧与竖轴（10）外周的上部轴承连接，竖轴（10）的上端固定安装棘轮（16），棘轮（16）的顶侧固定安装手轮（17），手轮（17）与竖轴（10）中心线共线，上板（14）顶面的左侧通过扭簧铰链连接棘齿（18），棘齿（18）与棘轮（16）活动配合，棘齿（18）的后侧设有档杆（19），档杆（19）的前侧与棘齿（18）的后侧接触配合。1. Shoulder arthroscopy working channel positioning expander, comprising a square tube (1), characterized in that: the bottom of the inner wall of the square tube (1) is fixedly installed with a lower plate (2), and four bars are provided on the top surface of the lower plate (2). The bar-shaped chute (3) and the bar-shaped chute (3) are connected in turn to form a well-shaped shape. The bottom side of the bar-shaped chute (3) is respectively provided with bar-shaped through grooves (4), and the bar-shaped chute (3) is respectively movable in the bottom side. Install the racks (5), the racks (5) can slide along the corresponding bar-shaped chute (3) respectively, the sliders (6) are movably installed in the bar-shaped through grooves (4), and the sliders (6) can be respectively Sliding along the corresponding bar-shaped through grooves (4), the top side of the slider (6) is fixedly connected with one end of the bottom side of the rack (5), and a cylinder (20) is provided directly under the lower plate (2). The lower end of the body (20) is an inverted cone, and the cylindrical body (20) is composed of a front side tie rod (201), a left side tie rod (202), a rear side tie rod (203) and a right side tie rod (204). 201), the left pull rod (202), the rear pull rod (203) and the right pull rod (204) have the same shape, the bottom side of the left slider (6) and the top and rear sides of the front pull rod (201) The bottom side of the slider (6) and the top side of the left pull rod (202), the bottom side of the right slider (6) and the top side of the rear pull rod (203), and the bottom side of the front slider (6) The top side of the right tie rod (204) is fixedly connected by connecting rods (21) respectively; the lower middle parts of the inner wall of the square tube (1) are respectively connected to one end of the horizontal shaft (7) by bearings, and the middle part of the outer circumference of the horizontal shaft (7) The gears (8) are respectively fixedly installed, and the gears (8) are meshed and matched with the corresponding racks (5) respectively. There is a vertical shaft (10), the vertical shaft (10) is collinear with the center line of the square tube (1), the lower end of the vertical shaft (10) is fixedly installed with a second helical gear (11), and the first helical gear (9) is respectively connected with the second helical gear (11). The two helical gears (11) are engaged in meshing engagement, and the shaft sleeve (12) is installed in the middle bearing of the outer periphery of the vertical shaft (10). , the top of the square tube (1) is fixedly installed with the upper plate (14), a through hole (15) is opened in the middle of the top surface of the upper plate (14), and the inner side of the through hole (15) is connected with the upper bearing of the outer periphery of the vertical shaft (10). , the upper end of the vertical shaft (10) is fixedly installed with the ratchet (16), the top side of the ratchet (16) is fixedly installed with the handwheel (17), the handwheel (17) is collinear with the center line of the vertical shaft (10), and the upper plate (14) ) The left side of the top surface is connected to the ratchet (18) through a torsion spring hinge, the ratchet (18) is movably matched with the ratchet (16), and the rear side of the ratchet (18) is provided with a gear lever (19), the gear lever (19) ) in contact with the rear side of the ratchet (18).2.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，其特征在于：所述的圆柱体（20）顶面的中间开设空腔（22），空腔（22）的底部为倒锥形，且空腔（22）的底部与外部相通。2 . The shoulder arthroscopy working channel positioning expander according to claim 1 , wherein a cavity ( 22 ) is provided in the middle of the top surface of the cylinder ( 20 ), and the bottom of the cavity ( 22 ) is inverted. 3 . Conical, and the bottom of the cavity (22) communicates with the outside.3.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，其特征在于：所述的横轴（7）外周的另一端分别轴承安装轴座（23），轴座（23）的顶侧分别与对应的横杆（13）的底侧通过支撑杆（24）固定连接。3. The shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: the other end of the outer circumference of the transverse shaft (7) is respectively bearing mounting shaft seat (23), and the top of the shaft seat (23) The sides are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom sides of the corresponding transverse rods (13) through the support rods (24).4.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，其特征在于：所述的圆柱体（20）采用医用不锈钢。4 . The shoulder arthroscopy working channel positioning expander according to claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical body ( 20 ) is made of medical stainless steel. 5 .5.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，其特征在于：所述的档杆（19）的外周覆盖一层橡胶层。5. The shoulder arthroscope working channel positioning expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer periphery of the blocking rod (19) is covered with a layer of rubber.6.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节镜工作通道定位扩张器，其特征在于：所述的方管（1）的外周均匀开设数个装饰裂纹（25）。6 . The shoulder arthroscopy working channel positioning expander according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of decorative cracks ( 25 ) are evenly formed on the outer periphery of the square tube ( 1 ). 7 .

Images