Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by illustrating various embodiments of the present invention with the aid of the accompanying drawings. The inventive concept may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals may be used to designate similar components.
First, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 together, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for compensating an induction amount of a touch sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic functional block diagram of a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for compensating the sensing amount of the touch sensor of fig. 1 can be implemented in thetouch controller 22 of fig. 2, but the present invention does not limit the method of fig. 1 to be implemented only in thetouch controller 22 of fig. 2. In addition, thetouch panel 2 of fig. 2 is only one implementation of the method for compensating the sensing amount of the touch sensor, and is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, thetouch panel 2 includes atouch sensor 20 and atouch controller 22. Thetouch sensor 20 includes a plurality of sensing lines SA _1 to SA _ M arranged along a first direction and a plurality of driving lines DA _1 to DA _ N arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and thus the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _ M and the driving lines DA _1 to DA _ N are interlaced to form a plurality of sensing nodes N _11 to N _ MN. It should be noted that, for convenience of the following description, the first direction and the second direction in the embodiment of the present invention are expressed by the X direction and the Y direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _ M and the driving lines DA _1 to DA _ M of the embodiment of the invention are all 9 (i.e., M and N are all equal to 9, and the sensing nodes have N _11 to N _99), but the invention is not limited thereto.
In addition, thetouch controller 22 is electrically connected to the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _9 and the driving lines DA _1 to DA _9 of thetouch sensor 20, and is configured to transmit a driving signal (not shown) to the driving lines DA _1 to DA _9, and then receive a sensing capacitance (not shown) associated with each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 from the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _ 9. It should be noted that thetouch controller 22 can be implemented by a pure hardware circuit, or implemented by a hardware circuit with firmware or software, but the invention is not limited thereto. In summary, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation of thetouch controller 22, and those skilled in the art should be able to design thetouch controller 22 according to actual requirements or applications.
Further, assuming that the sensing node N _88 is intersected by the sensing line SA _8 and the driving line DA _8 as an example, thetouch controller 22 transmits a driving signal to the driving line DA _8 of the sensing node N _88 and receives a sensing capacitance associated with the sensing node N _88 from the sensing line SA _8 of the sensing node N _ 88. However, when the sensing node N _88 is touched by an external object (e.g., a finger of a user), the sensing capacitance of the sensing node N _88 will change accordingly. Therefore, thetouch controller 22 can determine whether the sensing node N _88 (or the touch sensor 20) is touched by utilizing the variation characteristic. Since the above-mentioned operation is a conventional mutual inductance type (mutual capacitance type) sensing method, details thereof will not be described herein.
It should be noted that, as described above, since the sensing capacitance of the sensing node N _ ij (i.e., i and j are positive integers from 1 to 9, respectively) caused by the touch of the external object is proportional to (Δ Cm (N _ ij)/Cm (N _ ij)), and the basic capacitance Cm (N _11) -Cm (N _99) of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 may not be the same because of the bad process. Therefore, even under the same touch condition, the sensing capacitance of each sensing node N _11 to N _99 caused by the touch of the external object is different according to the basic capacitance Cm (N _11) to Cm (N _ 99). That is, the sensing capacitance generated by each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 due to the touch of the external object is influenced by the basic capacitance Cm (N _11) to Cm (N _99) thereof to change. Therefore, this may easily cause thetouch controller 22 to make a false determination, and further cause an erroneous operation.
Therefore, the steps in fig. 1 will be described with reference to fig. 2. First, in step S101, thetouch controller 22 obtains the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _11) - Δ Cm (N _99) associated with each of the sensing nodes N _ 11-N _99 by using at least one default circuit (not shown). Next, in step S103, thetouch controller 22 further obtains gain coefficients gm (N _11) to gm (N _99) corresponding to each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 according to the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _11) to Δ Cm (N _99) of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 and the default circuit. Finally, in step S105, for each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99, when the sensing node N _ ij generates the sensing capacitance due to the external object touch, thetouch controller 22 compensates the sensing capacitance generated by the sensing node N _ ij due to the external object touch by using the gain coefficient gm (N _ ij) of the sensing node N _ ij.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation of the compensation for the sensing capacitor, and therefore, those skilled in the art should be able to design the compensation according to the actual needs or applications. It should be noted that the above-mentioned "default circuit" may refer to a dummy finger circuit known in advance, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other words, based on the above disclosure, those skilled in the art should understand that one of the main concepts of the present invention is to simulate the virtual situation when a user's finger (i.e., an external object) touches each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 by using the pseudo finger circuit. Therefore, the dummy finger circuit must be sequentially coupled between the driving lines DA _1 to DA _9 and the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _9 of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99, and thetouch controller 22 can obtain the sensing capacitance generated by the dummy finger circuit coupling with respect to each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _ 99.
Next, the implementation of the default circuit of the present embodiment will be further described below. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a default circuit in the touch panel of fig. 2. Components in fig. 3 that are the same as those in fig. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus, further description is omitted here. It should be noted that the default circuit of the embodiment of the present invention may be referred to as thedummy finger circuit 30 shown in fig. 3, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For convenience of the following description, thedummy finger circuit 30 of fig. 3 is described by taking an example between the driving line DA _8 and the sensing line SA _8 coupled to the sensing node N _88 (i.e., the connection point P1 and the connection point P2 in fig. 3 are respectively represented as two connection points of thedummy finger circuit 30 coupled to the driving line DA _8 and the sensing line SA _8), but the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in FIG. 3, the pseudo finger circuit 30 (i.e., the default circuit) includes a first capacitor Cfd, a second capacitor Cfs, and anelectronic component 300. A first terminal of the first capacitor Cfd is coupled to the junction P1 (i.e., the driving line DA _8), a first terminal of the second capacitor Cfs is coupled to a second terminal of the first capacitor Cfd, and a second terminal of the second capacitor Cfs is coupled to the junction P2 (i.e., the sensing line SA _ 8). In practice, as described above, since thedummy finger circuit 30 must be sequentially coupled between the driving lines DA _1 to DA _9 and the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _9 of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99, the first terminal of the first capacitor Cfd is sequentially coupled to one of the driving lines DA _1 to DA _9, and the second terminal of the second capacitor Cfs is sequentially coupled to one of the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _ 9. In addition, the unit of the first capacitor Cfd and the second capacitor Cfs may be, for example, 1pf, respectively, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In addition, the first terminal of theelectronic component 300 is coupled between the second terminal of the first capacitor Cfd and the first terminal of the second capacitor Cfd, and the second terminal of theelectronic component 300 is coupled to a ground voltage GND. However, since thepseudo finger circuit 30 is used to simulate a user's finger, theelectronic component 300 in thepseudo finger circuit 30 may be composed of at least one passive component, for example. In one application, theelectronic component 300 may be a resistor R _ HBM, as shown in FIG. 3, and the unit of the resistor R _ HBM may be, for example, 1.5k ohms; still alternatively, in other applications, theelectronic component 300 may also be an inductor (not shown), or even a series combination of a resistor R _ HBM and another capacitor (not shown), or the like. In summary, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should be able to design theelectronic device 300 according to actual requirements or applications.
Thus, when thedummy finger circuit 30 is coupled between the driving line DA _8 (i.e., the node P1) of the sensing node N _88 and the sensing line SA _8 (i.e., the node P2), thetouch controller 22 transmits a driving signal to the driving line DA _8 of the sensing node N _88 to drive the sensing line SA _8 of the sensing node N _88 to generate the sensing capacitance Cm' generated by the sensing node N _88 due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30. Then, thetouch controller 22 can obtain the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _88) related to the sensing node N _88 according to a comparison between the sensing capacitance Cm 'generated by the sensing node N _88 due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30 and a ratio between the sensing capacitance Cm' of the sensing node N _88 not touched by an external object or a basic capacitance Cm (N _88) existing before the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30.
For example, the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _88) caused by thedummy finger circuit 30 at the sensing node N _88 can be, for example, equal to the basic capacitance Cm (N _88) of the sensing node N _88, and then the sensing capacitance Cm' of fig. 3 is subtracted, but the invention is not limited thereto. In summary, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation of the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _ ij) of the sensing node N _ ij obtained by thetouch controller 22, and therefore, those skilled in the art should be able to design the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _ ij) according to actual requirements or applications.
On the other hand, please refer to fig. 4 to describe step S101 in fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a process of obtaining a capacitance variation associated with each sensing node by using a default circuit in the sensing amount compensation method of the touch sensor of fig. 1. In the method of fig. 4, thedummy finger circuit 30 of fig. 3 is also used as a default circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, so please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3 for understanding. In addition, the same flow steps in fig. 4 as those in fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus the details thereof will not be described herein.
Specifically, step S101 in fig. 4 may further include step S401 to step S403. First, in step S401, for each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99, when thedummy finger circuit 30 is coupled between the driving line DA _ i and the sensing line SA _ j of the sensing node N _ ij, thetouch controller 22 is configured to transmit a driving signal to the driving line DA _ i of the sensing node N _ ij to drive the sensing line SA _ j of the sensing node N _ ij to generate the sensing capacitance Cm' generated by thedummy finger circuit 30 coupled to the sensing node N _ ij.
Next, in step S403, thetouch controller 22 obtains capacitance variations Δ Cm (N _11) - Δ Cm (N _99) associated with each of the sensing nodes N _ 11-N _99 according to a comparison between the sensing capacitances Cm '(N _11) -Cm' (N _99) generated by each of the sensing nodes N _ 11-N _99 due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30 and the basic capacitances Cm (N _11) -Cm (N _99) of each of the sensing nodes N _ 11-N _99 that are not touched by an external object or existed before the coupling of the dummy finger circuit.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3, since the components in the pseudo finger circuit 30 (i.e., the first capacitor Cfd, the second capacitor Cfs and the resistor R _ HBM) are known parameter components, and thetouch controller 22 can also obtain the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _88) caused by thepseudo finger circuit 30 on the sensing node N _88, thetouch controller 22 can obtain the gain coefficient gm (N _88) corresponding to the sensing node N _88 by utilizing the relationship. It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. In summary, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific implementation manner of obtaining the gain coefficient gm (N _ ij) of the sensing node N _ ij, so that those skilled in the art can design the gain coefficient gm (N _ ij) according to the actual requirements or applications.
In summary, since the sensing capacitance generated by each sensing node N _ 11-N _99 due to the touch of the external object is affected by its own basic capacitance Cm (N _11) -Cm (N _99), the important point of the present invention is that the capacitance variation Δ Cm (N _11) - Δ Cm (N _99) of each sensing node N _ 11-N _99 can be simulated and obtained in advance by using the known dummy finger circuit, and then the gain coefficients (N _11) -gm (N _99) corresponding to each sensing node N _ 11-N _99 can be obtained, so that when the current sensing capacitance generated by the sensing node N _ ij due to the touch of the external object is generated, thetouch controller 22 of the embodiment of the present invention can compensate the current sensing capacitance by using the gain coefficient gm (N _ ij) of the sensing node N _ ij, thereby canceling out the gain effect of the basic capacitor Cm (N _ ij).
For example, if the gain coefficient gm (N _88) of the sensing node N _88 is 1.025, that is, the sensing capacitance Cm' generated by thedummy finger circuit 30 coupled to the sensing node N _88 is obviously increased by 0.025 times by the influence of the basic capacitance Cm (N _ 88). Therefore, when the sensing node N _88 actually generates the current sensing capacitance due to the touch of the external object, thetouch controller 22 of the embodiment of the invention can compensate the current sensing capacitance by using the gain coefficient gm (N _88) of the sensing node N _88 to offset the increased gain of 0.025 times.
In addition, thetouch controller 22 of the embodiment of the invention may determine whether thetouch sensor 20 is actually touched by an external object by determining whether the sensing capacitance of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 is lower than a threshold value. Therefore, when it is considered that the sensing capacitance of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 is changed due to the influence of its own basic capacitance Cm (N _11) to Cm (N _99), the sensing amount compensation method of the touch sensor and the touch panel thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention may be further configured with different technical means (for example, adaptively adjusting the threshold value) to avoid thetouch controller 22 from making a false determination.
For example, please refer to fig. 5, wherein fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a sensing quantity compensation method of a touch sensor according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method of fig. 5 can be implemented in thetouch controller 22 of fig. 2 as well, and thepseudo finger circuit 30 of fig. 3 is also used as the default circuit of the present embodiment, so please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3 for understanding, and details thereof are not repeated herein. In addition, the same flow steps in fig. 5 as those in fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and therefore, the details thereof will not be further described herein.
Specifically, compared to the method of fig. 1, the method of fig. 5 further includes steps S501 to S503. First, in step S501, thetouch controller 22 can further obtain a sensing value related to each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 according to the sensing capacitances Cm '(N _11) to Cm' (N _99) generated by the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30 for each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _ 99. In addition, in step S503, thetouch controller 22 adjusts at least one sensing threshold (not shown) of thetouch controller 22 according to the sensing values of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _ 99.
It should be noted that the term "sensing threshold" refers to a threshold used in the above description to determine whether thetouch sensor 20 is actually touched. In addition, based on the above teachings, those skilled in the art should understand that step S103 and steps S501 to S503 are executed in parallel without conflict. That is, while thetouch controller 22 is executing the step S103, thetouch controller 22 can further obtain the sensing value of each sensing node N _ 11-N _99 by using the sensing capacitance Cm '(N _11) -Cm' (N _99) generated by the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30 of each sensing node N _ 11-N _99, and adjust the sensing threshold value originally used for determining whether thetouch sensor 20 is actually touched according to the sensing values of the sensing nodes N _ 11-N _ 99.
It should be noted that, for the method for compensating the sensing amount of the touch sensor and the touch panel thereof provided in the embodiment of the invention, how to perform the subsequent determination of whether the sensing capacitance of each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99 is lower than the sensing threshold is not an important point to be discussed in the present patent, and therefore, the above description is only taken as an illustration, and the following description is not repeated. In addition, it should be understood that thetouch panel 2 of fig. 2 may further include at least one memory unit (not shown), and the memory unit is responsible for storing the sensing threshold.
On the other hand, in order to further explain details about implementation of steps S501 to S503, the present invention further provides one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a process of obtaining sensing values related to each sensing node in the sensing amount compensation method of the touch sensor of fig. 5 and adjusting at least one sensing threshold according to the sensing values, and fig. 7 is a schematic functional block diagram of a touch panel according to another embodiment of the invention. The method for compensating the sensing amount of the touch sensor of fig. 6 can be implemented in thetouch controller 72 of fig. 7, but the present invention does not limit the method of fig. 6 to be implemented only in thetouch controller 72 of fig. 7. In addition, thetouch panel 7 of fig. 7 is only one implementation of the method for compensating the sensing amount of the touch sensor, and is not intended to limit the present invention.
It should be noted that the same flow steps in fig. 6 as those in fig. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and therefore, the details thereof will not be described in detail. In addition, components in fig. 7 that are the same as or similar to those in fig. 2 are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and thus, further description is omitted here. In addition, thepseudo finger circuit 30 of fig. 3 can be used as a default circuit of the present embodiment in thetouch panel 7 of fig. 7, so please refer to fig. 3 for understanding.
Further, compared to thetouch controller 22 of fig. 2, thetouch controller 72 of fig. 7 may further include at least oneconverter 700, at least one analog-to-digital converter 720 and adigital signal processor 740. In addition, in the embodiment of fig. 6, the steps S501 and S503 may further include steps S601 and S603 to S605, respectively. First, in step S601, thetouch controller 72 may utilize at least oneconverter 700 to receive the sensing capacitances Cm '(N _11) to Cm' (N _99) generated by the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30 from each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99, and thereby output the sensing values VS1(N _11) to VS1(N _99) associated with each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _ 99. Next, in step S603, thetouch controller 72 may further utilize at least one adc 720 to convert the sensing values VS1(N _11) -VS 1(N _99) output from each sensing node N _ 11-N _99 of theconverter 700 due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30, so as to generate digital voltage signals VS2(N _11) -VS 2(N _99) associated with each sensing node N _ 11-N _99 due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30.
Next, in step S605, thetouch controller 72 utilizes thedsp 740 to adjust the sensing threshold of thetouch controller 72 according to the digital voltage signals VS2(N _11) -VS 2(N _99) of the sensing nodes N _ 11-N _ 99. It is to be noted that, for the convenience of the following description, theconverters 700 and the analog-to-digital converters 720 of the embodiments of the present invention are described by taking the number of the examples as 1, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, in one application, thetouch controller 72 may also include the same number ofconverters 700 and analog-to-digital converters 720 as the number of the sensing lines SA _1 to SA _9, and eachconverter 700 is respectively coupled between one of the sensing lines SA _ j and one of the analog-to-digital converters 720. Therefore, when thedummy finger circuit 30 is coupled to the sensing node N _ ij, theconverter 700 corresponding to the sensing line SA _ j of the sensing node N _ ij outputs the sensing value VS1(N _ ij) generated by the sensing node N _ ij due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30, and theadc 720 at the back end further converts the digital voltage signal VS2(N _ ij) generated by the sensing node N _ ij due to the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30.
Alternatively, in other applications, thetouch panel 7 may further include a switch (switch) to connect thesingle switch 700 to the plurality of sensing lines SA _1 to SA _9 and thesingle adc 720. In summary, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should be able to design the invention according to actual needs or applications. Based on the above teachings, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that theconverter 700 can be, for example, a capacitor-to-voltage converter, but the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, to further illustrate details regarding the implementation of theconverter 700, the present invention further provides one embodiment thereof. Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a converter in the touch panel of fig. 7.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the capacitor-to-voltage converter described below are only examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and in summary, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation of the capacitor-to-voltage converter. In addition, for the convenience of the following description, thedummy finger circuit 30 in the embodiment of fig. 8 is only illustrated by using an example between the driving line DA _8 and the sensing line SA _8 coupled to the sensing node N _ 88. Therefore, the components in fig. 8 that are the same as those in fig. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus, the description thereof is not repeated herein.
As shown in fig. 8, theconverter 700 mainly includes an operational amplifier OP and a negative feedback circuit LC. The inverting input terminal (inverting input) of the operational amplifier OP is coupled to the node P2 (i.e., the sensing line SA _8), the non-inverting input terminal (non-inverting input) of the operational amplifier OP is coupled to a reference voltage Vref, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP is used for outputting a sensing value VS1(N _88) related to the sensing node N _88 generated by the coupling of thedummy finger circuit 30. In addition, the negative feedback circuit LC is coupled between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP, and is composed of a third capacitor Cf and a resistor Rf connected in parallel.
As can be seen from the above, for each of the sensing nodes N _11 to N _99, in practice, when the sensing node N _ ij is coupled to thedummy finger circuit 30 to generate the sensing capacitor Cm' (N _ ij), the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP is coupled to the sensing line SA _ j corresponding to the sensing node N _ ij, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP is used to output the sensing value VS1(N _ ij) generated by thedummy finger circuit 30 coupled to the sensing node N _ ij. However, since the operation principle of the capacitor-voltage converter is also known in the art, details about the operational amplifier OP and the negative feedback circuit LC are not further described herein.
In summary, since thedigital signal processor 740 can finally obtain the digital voltage signals VS2(N _11) -VS 2(N _99) generated by the coupling of thepseudo finger circuit 30 with respect to each sensing node N _ 11-N _99, thedigital signal processor 740 can intuitively design the sensing threshold value to be adjusted by using the digitized data information. It should be noted that how to design and adjust the sensing threshold for the method for compensating the sensing amount of the touch sensor and the touch panel thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention is not an important point to be discussed in the present patent, and therefore, the above description is only for illustrative purposes and will not be described in more detail below.
In summary, the sensing amount compensation method of the touch sensor and the touch panel thereof according to the embodiments of the invention can simulate the virtual situation when the user's finger touches each sensing node on the touch sensor respectively by using the known dummy finger circuit, and further obtain the gain coefficient of each sensing node, so as to ensure that when the current sensing capacitance is actually generated at a certain sensing node due to the touch of an external object, the current sensing capacitance can be compensated by using the gain coefficient of the sensing node, thereby canceling out the gain influence caused by the basic capacitance of the sensing node, and avoiding the occurrence of erroneous determination.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications can be covered by the claims.