技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械，确切的说是骨外科器具，更确切的说是适用小骨折块手术固定的骨钉。The invention relates to a medical device, specifically a bone surgical instrument, more precisely a bone nail suitable for surgical fixation of small bone fragments.
背景技术Background technique
手部、脚部掌指骨骨折是临床常见创伤，过去对于闭合骨折多采用手法复位和石膏外固定；开放复位多采用克氏针、钢丝内固定，也有采用微型接骨板及微型外固定系统治疗此类骨折。但对于存在微小骨折块的骨折情况，上述固定方式存在固定不充分稳定。为解决上述问题，现有也存在适用小骨折块固定且对骨折处形成生理压力，但其主要采用直接钉入小骨折块上，导致对小骨折块的固定以及施压不可靠，同时存在骨钉的置于操作不便的缺陷。Metacarpal and phalanx fractures of the hands and feet are common clinical traumas. In the past, closed fractures were mostly treated with manual reduction and plaster external fixation; open reduction mostly used internal fixation with Kirschner wires and steel wires, and miniature bone plates and miniature external fixation systems were also used to treat such fractures. Class fracture. However, in the case of fractures with tiny fracture fragments, the above-mentioned fixation methods are not sufficiently stable. In order to solve the above problems, there are existing small bone fragments that are suitable for fixing and forming physiological pressure on the fracture, but they mainly use direct nails on the small bone fragments, resulting in unreliable fixation and pressure on the small bone fragments, and there are bone fractures. The nail's placement is a defect that makes it inconvenient to operate.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明发明目的：为克服现有技术存在的缺陷，本发明提供一种结构设计合理，对小骨折块固定牢固可靠的小骨折块固定U型骨钉。Purpose of the present invention: In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a U-shaped bone nail with reasonable structural design and firm and reliable fixation of small bone fragments.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种小骨折块固定U型骨钉，包括两只钉脚以及连接两只钉脚的弹性连接体，其特征在于：两只所述的钉脚尾端部横向延伸有端头，弹性连接体两端分别固定连接于两只钉脚的端头，弹性连接体为沿钉脚尖端方向凸起的拱形，弹性连接体中部具有压持于小骨折块上的抵压把持部。A U-shaped bone nail for fixing small bone fragments, comprising two nail feet and an elastic connecting body connecting the two nail feet, characterized in that: the ends of the two nail feet extend laterally with ends, and the elastic connecting body The two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two nail feet, the elastic connecting body is in the shape of an arch protruding along the direction of the tip of the nail feet, and the middle part of the elastic connecting body has a pressing and holding part that presses on the small bone fragment.
本发明的小骨折块固定U型骨钉，两只钉脚打入骨折处的主骨位置，采用克氏针预先在骨折处的主骨位置打孔操作，之后再将钉脚压入孔内，弹性连接部压于小骨折块上，实现将小骨折块与主骨保持固定，钉脚具有端头提供更好的顶推位置，便于U型骨钉的压入骨折处的操作；弹性连接体压于小骨折块处实现将小骨折块与主骨之间连接，弹性连接体采用拱形设计，提供良好的压持力，保证骨折处固定牢固可靠以及促进骨折处愈合。The U-shaped bone nail for fixing small fractures of the present invention, two nail feet are driven into the main bone position of the fracture, and Kirschner wires are used to punch holes in the main bone position of the fracture in advance, and then the nail feet are pressed into the holes , the elastic connection part is pressed on the small fracture fragment to keep the small fracture fragment and the main bone fixed. The nail foot has a tip to provide a better pushing position, which is convenient for the U-shaped bone screw to be pressed into the fracture; the elastic connection The body pressure on the small fracture fragments realizes the connection between the small fracture fragments and the main bone. The elastic connecting body adopts an arched design to provide good pressure and holding force, to ensure firm and reliable fixation of the fracture and to promote the healing of the fracture.
优选的，两只所述钉脚在小骨折块固定U型骨钉自由状态下呈自尾端向尖端沿相互聚拢方向倾斜延伸。该结构设计下，在小骨折块固定U型骨钉使用时，两只钉脚的尖端张开角度的控制可控制弹性连接体的拱形高度，即控制弹性连接体抵压小骨折块的弹性把持力度；在两只钉脚的垂直打入骨折处，弹性连接体对小骨折块的把持力最佳。Preferably, the two nail feet extend obliquely from the tail end to the tip along the direction of mutual gathering when the U-shaped bone nail is in a free state for fixing small fracture fragments. Under this structural design, when U-shaped bone screws are used for fixing small bone fragments, the control of the opening angle of the tips of the two nail feet can control the arch height of the elastic connector, that is, control the elasticity of the elastic connector against the small bone fragment. Holding strength; at the place where the two nail feet are vertically driven into the fracture, the elastic connector has the best holding force on the small fracture fragment.
优选的，两只所述钉脚侧壁设有倒钩，所述倒钩外侧面为与钉脚侧壁平滑过渡连接凹弧面。该结构设计下，倒钩的设计保证骨钉固定牢固可靠，同时倒钩的外侧面为与钉脚侧壁平滑过渡连接凹弧面设计，方便骨钉压入骨折处的主骨内。Preferably, the two nail foot side walls are provided with barbs, and the outer surface of the barbs is a concave arc surface that smoothly transitions and connects with the nail foot side walls. Under this structural design, the design of the barb ensures firm and reliable fixation of the bone screw. At the same time, the outer surface of the barb is designed to smoothly transition with the side wall of the nail foot and connect with a concave arc surface, which facilitates the bone screw to be pressed into the main bone at the fracture site.
优选的，所述抵压把持部由三根沿宽度方向分布抵压条构成，且中间位置的抵压条对小骨折块的弹性抵压力大于两侧的抵压条对小骨折块的弹性抵压力。该结构设计下，对小骨折块实现中心抵压力大于两侧，使得对小骨折块的固定更为牢固可靠。Preferably, the pressing grip part is composed of three pressing bars distributed along the width direction, and the elastic pressing force of the pressing bars at the middle position on the small bone fragments is greater than the elastic pressing force of the pressing bars on both sides on the small bone fragments. Under this structural design, the central resisting force on the small bone fragments is greater than that on both sides, making the fixation of the small bone fragments more firm and reliable.
优选的，所述中间位置的抵压条沿凸出方向高出两侧的抵压条。该结构设计下，中间的抵压条预先对小骨折块进行抵压固定，然后中间抵压条逐渐加压，以及相继的两侧抵压条对小骨折块进行加压，使得小骨折块的固定更为牢固可靠。Preferably, the pressing strip at the middle position is higher than the pressing strips on both sides along the protruding direction. Under this structural design, the middle compression strip presses and fixes the small bone fragments in advance, and then the middle compression strip gradually pressurizes the small bone fragments, and the successive pressure strips on both sides pressurize the small fracture fragments, making the fixation of the small fracture fragments easier. Solid and reliable.
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明具体实施例小骨折块固定U型骨钉结构示意图(钉脚呈竖直状态)；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the U-shaped bone nail fixing small fracture fragments according to a specific embodiment of the present invention (the pin feet are in a vertical state);
图2为本发明具体实施例小骨折块固定U型骨钉侧视图(钉脚呈竖直状态)；Fig. 2 is a side view of a U-shaped bone nail for fixing small fracture fragments according to a specific embodiment of the present invention (the pin feet are in a vertical state);
图3为本发明具体实施例小骨折块固定U型骨钉俯视图(钉脚呈竖直状态)；Fig. 3 is a top view of the U-shaped bone nail for fixing small fracture fragments according to a specific embodiment of the present invention (the pin feet are in a vertical state);
图4为本发明具体实施例小骨折块固定U型骨钉自由状态下结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a U-shaped bone screw in a free state for fixing a small fracture fragment according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
参见附图1～4，本发明公开的一种小骨折块固定U型骨钉，包括两只钉脚1以及连接两只钉脚1的弹性连接体2，两只所述钉脚1侧壁设有倒钩11，所述倒钩11外侧面为与钉脚1侧壁平滑过渡连接凹弧面111，倒钩的设计保证骨钉固定牢固可靠，同时倒钩的外侧面为与钉脚侧壁平滑过渡连接凹弧面设计，方便骨钉压入骨折处的主骨内；两只所述的钉脚1尾端部横向延伸有端头12，弹性连接体2两端分别固定连接于两只钉脚1的端头12，端头12顶部具有供骨钉压入工具上顶针配合的凹面121，弹性连接体2为沿钉脚1尖端方向凸起的拱形，弹性连接体2中部具有压持于小骨折块上的抵压把持部21，抵压把持部21的两侧为与所述端头12连接的连接臂22。Referring to accompanying drawings 1 to 4, a U-shaped bone screw for fixing small bone fragments disclosed by the present invention includes two nail feet 1 and an elastic connector 2 connecting the two nail feet 1, and the side walls of the two nail feet 1 are There is a barb 11, and the outer surface of the barb 11 is a concave arc surface 111 that smoothly transitions with the side wall of the nail foot 1, and the design of the barb ensures that the bone nail is fixed firmly and reliably, and at the same time, the outer surface of the barb is connected to the side of the nail foot. The wall is smoothly transitioned and connected to the concave arc surface design, which is convenient for the bone nail to be pressed into the main bone at the fracture site; the tail ends of the two nail feet 1 extend laterally with ends 12, and the two ends of the elastic connector 2 are fixedly connected to the two ends respectively. Only the end 12 of the nail foot 1, the top of the end 12 has a concave surface 121 for the thimble on the bone nail press-in tool to fit, the elastic connector 2 is an arch that protrudes along the direction of the tip of the nail foot 1, and the middle of the elastic connector 2 has a The pressing and holding part 21 is pressed on the small bone fragment, and the two sides of the pressing and holding part 21 are connecting arms 22 connected with the end 12 .
进一步的设置，两只所述钉脚1在小骨折块固定U型骨钉自由状态下呈自尾端向尖端沿相互聚拢方向倾斜延伸(如图4所示)。在小骨折块固定U型骨钉使用时，两只钉脚的尖端张开角度的控制可控制弹性连接体的拱形高度，即控制弹性连接体抵压小骨折块的弹性把持力度；在两只钉脚的垂直打入骨折处，弹性连接体对小骨折块的把持力最佳。In a further setting, the two nail feet 1 extend obliquely from the tail end to the tip along the direction of mutual gathering when the U-shaped bone nail is in a free state for fixing small bone fragments (as shown in FIG. 4 ). When U-shaped bone nails are used to fix small bone fragments, the control of the opening angle of the tips of the two nail feet can control the arch height of the elastic connecting body, that is, control the elastic holding force of the elastic connecting body against the small bone fragment; Only the nail feet are driven vertically into the fracture, and the elastic connector has the best holding force on the small fracture fragments.
所述抵压把持部21由三根沿宽度方向分布抵压条21-1、21-2、21-3构成，且中间位置的抵压条21-2对小骨折块的弹性抵压力大于两侧的抵压条21-1、21-3对小骨折块的弹性抵压力。对小骨折块实现中心抵压力大于两侧，使得对小骨折块的固定更为牢固可靠。所述中间位置的抵压条21-2沿凸出方向高出两侧的抵压条21-1、21-3；这样设计的同时达到中间位置的抵压条对小骨折块的弹性抵压力大于两侧的抵压条对小骨折块的弹性抵压力，中间的抵压条预先对小骨折块进行抵压固定，然后中间抵压条逐渐加压，以及相继的两侧抵压条对小骨折块进行加压，使得小骨折块的固定更为牢固可靠。The pressing grip part 21 is composed of three pressing bars 21-1, 21-2, 21-3 distributed along the width direction, and the elastic pressing force of the pressing bar 21-2 in the middle position on the small bone fragments is greater than that of the pressing bars on both sides. The elastic resistance of the pressure strips 21-1, 21-3 to the small bone fragments. Realizing that the center resisting force for small bone fragments is greater than that of both sides, so that the fixation of small bone fragments is more firm and reliable. The compression strip 21-2 at the middle position is higher than the compression strips 21-1, 21-3 on both sides along the protruding direction; in this way, the compression strip at the middle position has a greater elastic resistance to the small bone fragments than the compression strips on both sides The elastic pressure of the compression strips on the small fracture fragments, the middle compression strips press and fix the small fracture fragments in advance, and then the middle compression strips gradually pressurize, and the successive compression strips on both sides press the small fracture fragments, so that The fixation of small bone fragments is more firm and reliable.
本发明的小骨折块固定U型骨钉，两只钉脚打入骨折处的主骨位置，采用克氏针预先在骨折处的主骨位置打孔操作，之后再将钉脚压入孔内，弹性连接部压于小骨折块上，实现将小骨折块与主骨保持固定，钉脚具有端头提供更好的顶推位置，便于U型骨钉的压入骨折处的操作；弹性连接体压于小骨折块处实现将小骨折块与主骨之间连接，弹性连接体采用拱形设计，提供良好的压持力，保证骨折处固定牢固可靠以及促进骨折处愈合。The U-shaped bone nail for fixing small fractures of the present invention, two nail feet are driven into the main bone position of the fracture, and Kirschner wires are used to punch holes in the main bone position of the fracture in advance, and then the nail feet are pressed into the holes , the elastic connection part is pressed on the small fracture fragment to keep the small fracture fragment and the main bone fixed. The nail foot has a tip to provide a better pushing position, which is convenient for the U-shaped bone screw to be pressed into the fracture; the elastic connection The body pressure on the small fracture fragments realizes the connection between the small fracture fragments and the main bone. The elastic connecting body adopts an arched design to provide good pressure and holding force, to ensure firm and reliable fixation of the fracture and to promote the healing of the fracture.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810592213.6ACN108771562B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Small Fragment Fixation U-shaped Nails |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810592213.6ACN108771562B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Small Fragment Fixation U-shaped Nails |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108771562Atrue CN108771562A (en) | 2018-11-09 |
| CN108771562B CN108771562B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810592213.6AActiveCN108771562B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Small Fragment Fixation U-shaped Nails |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108771562B (en) |
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