A kind of hot water apparatus improving water resources managementTechnical field
The present invention relates to solar water heater water resources management technical field, specially a kind of heat improving water resources managementWater installations.
Background technology
Hot water apparatus refers to just, within a certain period of time by heating element, making cold water temperature liter by various physical principlesHeight becomes a kind of device of hot water, can be divided into electric heater, gas heater, solar water heater, magnetic energy according to principle differenceWater heater, air-source water heater, water heater in central heating etc., under the present, water resource is particularly important, therefore hot water apparatus also has water moneyThe function of management is saved in source, is stopped by the water inlet and water inlet of liquid level sensor control device.
And existing hot water apparatus is still incomplete, after liquid level sensor breaks down, is unable to control into water and stopsOnly so that water inlet is overflowed, so as to cause the serious waste of water resource.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hot water apparatus improving water resources management, to solve in above-mentioned background technologyIt is proposed after liquid level sensor breaks down, be unable to control the stopping into water so that water inlet overflow, so as to cause water moneyThe serious waste in source.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：A kind of hot water apparatus improving water resources management, packetShell is included, the case surface fixation is inlaid with temperature indicator, and the outer casing underpart left is installed with sewage draining exit, describedOutlet pipe is installed on the right side of sewage draining exit, the enclosure is installed with liner, and peace is fixed in lower section on the left of the linerEquipped with the first heating tube, temperature sensor is installed with above first heating tube, the liner lower right-hand side fixes peaceEquipped with the second heating tube, it is installed with liquid level sensor above second heating tube, is opened up below second heating tubeThere is water inlet, is installed with electric box on the right side of the shell, the electric box front side surface is installed with indicator light, describedIt is installed with water inlet pipe below electric box, the electric box lower inside is installed with operated pneumatic valve, the operated pneumatic valveRight side is installed with relay, and phase inverter is installed with above the operated pneumatic valve, is fixedly mounted on the right side of the phase inverterThere is PLC controller.
Preferably, the water inlet pipe is connect by operated pneumatic valve with water inlet.
Preferably, the height of the outlet pipe is on the upper side in the middle part of liner.
Preferably, it is installed with insulating layer between the liner and shell.
Preferably, the model THSMS-A of the PLC controller, the temperature sensor model pt10, liquid level sensingDevice model GUY5.
Preferably, the output end of the liquid level sensor is separately connected PLC controller and phase inverter.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, the hot water apparatus of the raising water resources management, it is simple in structure, it is easy to use, it is ensured that the saving of water resource utilizes liquidFace sensor makes the water inlet of device to touch, and reaches after specifying liquid level, stops water inlet, and if liquid level sensor failure, no letterNumber output, pass through phase inverter, export high level so that signal lamp brighten prompt liquid level sensor failure, and safety it is secure,Anti- locking apparatus occurs short circuit and causes the accident in use.
2, the hot water apparatus of the raising water resources management effectively avoids the thing of accidental shock by the way that relay is arrangedTherefore occur, if when device short circuit occurred inside, line current has been more than setting value, then relay can act, disconnecting circuit.
3, the hot water apparatus of the raising water resources management is higher than water inlet by the way that outlet pipe is arranged, is effectively guaranteed dressThe lasting hot-water supply set, because the density of cold water is more than the density of hot water, therefore water inlet pipe is located at lower section, and outlet pipe is located at upperSide, supplies water and heating water inlet is independent of each other.
4, the hot water apparatus of the raising water resources management directly reminds user's liquid level sensing by the way that indicator light is arrangedThe state of device, indicator light brighten, then represent liquid level sensor failure, can not ensuring equipment normal water inlet.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is cross-sectional view of the present invention.
In figure：1- shells；2- insulating layers；3- liners；4- temperature indicators；5- sewage draining exits；6- outlet pipes；7- first is heatedPipe；The second heating tubes of 8-；9- temperature sensors；10- liquid level sensors；11- electric boxs；12- indicator lights；13- water inlet pipes；14-Operated pneumatic valve；15- relays；16- phase inverters；17-PLC controllers；18- water inlets.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, completeSite preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based onEmbodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every otherEmbodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of this practicality, it should be noted that the orientation of the instructions such as term "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal" orPerson's position relationship is orientation based on ... shown in the drawings or position relationship, is merely for convenience of describing this practicality and simplify to describe,Rather than instruction either implies that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and behaviourMake, therefore should not be understood as the limitation to this practicality.In addition, " first ", " second ", " third ", " the 4th " are only used for description mesh, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of this practicality, it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise specific regulation and limitation, term " setting ", " peaceDress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrallyConnection can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection, can be directly connected to, and can also be to be connected by intermediary, canTo be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentionedConcrete meaning of the term in this practicality.
- 2 are please referred to Fig.1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution：A kind of hot water apparatus improving water resources management, includingShell 1,1 surface of the shell are fixed and are inlaid with temperature indicator 4, and 1 lower part left of the shell is installed with sewage draining exit 5,The right side of the sewage draining exit 5 is installed with outlet pipe 6, is installed with liner 3 inside the shell 1, under 3 left side of the linerSide is installed with the first heating tube 7, and first heating tube, 7 top is installed with temperature sensor 9, the temperature sensing9 model pt10 of device, 3 lower right-hand side of the liner are installed with the second heating tube 8, and second heating tube, 8 top is fixedLiquid level sensor 10,10 model GUY5 of liquid level sensor are installed, second heating tube, 8 lower section offers water inlet 18,1 right side of the shell is installed with electric box 11, and 11 front side surface of the electric box is installed with indicator light 12, by settingIndicator light 12 is set, directly reminds the state of user's liquid level sensor 10, indicator light 12 to brighten, then represents liquid level sensor 10Break down, can not ensuring equipment normal water inlet, the lower section of the electric box 11 is installed with water inlet pipe 13, the electric box11 lower insides are installed with operated pneumatic valve 14, and 14 right side of the operated pneumatic valve is installed with relay 15, passes through settingRelay 15, the accident for effectively avoiding accidental shock occurs, if when device short circuit occurred inside, line current has been more than to setDefinite value, then relay 15 can act, disconnecting circuit, the top of the operated pneumatic valve 14 is installed with phase inverter 16, the reverse phase16 right side of device is installed with PLC controller 17.
The water inlet pipe 13 is connect by operated pneumatic valve 14 with water inlet 18, is higher than water inlet 18 by the way that outlet pipe 6 is arranged,It is effectively guaranteed the lasting hot-water supply of device, because the density of cold water is more than the density of hot water, therefore water inlet 18 is located atLower section, outlet pipe 6 are located above, and are supplied water and are heated water inlet and be independent of each other, and the height of the outlet pipe 6 is in 3 middle part of liner partiallyOn, the model THSMS-A of the PLC controller 17, the output end of the liquid level sensor 10 is separately connected PLC controller 17And phase inverter 16.
Operation principle：When in use, power supply is the first heating tube 7, the second heating tube 8, temperature sensor 9, liquid level sensingDevice 10, indicator light 12, relay 15, phase inverter 16, PLC controller 17 are powered, and water is entered by water inlet pipe 13, and outlet pipe 6 flows out,Temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of water, when water temperature is less than setting value, controls the first heating tube 7 and the heating of the second heating tube 8Water, liquid level sensor 10 control 14 valve of operated pneumatic valve by the height of water in the pressure detecting liner 3 of water by PLC controller 17Aperture, if liquid level sensor 10 breaks down, no signal output, output end becomes high level by phase inverter 16, controlsIndicator light 12 brightens, and to remind user to replace in time, prevents the aperture that can not close operated pneumatic valve 14, leads to water resourceWaste so recycles, and completes the course of work.
For better heat insulation effect, insulating layer 2 is installed between the liner 3 and shell 1, insulating layer 2 usesIt is prepared by low-density foamed thermal insulation material, with polystyrene resin, graphene, triacetyl glycerine, silane coupled modified calcium silicates,Polystyrene resin, ethylene glycol, NaHCO3, sodium metasilicate, milk of lime be primary raw material, after calcium silicates coupling modifier, not onlyImprove with the bond strength of polystyrene resin and silicate crystallization it is complete, crystal development is good, the microcosmic knot of productOn structure, the molecule of pelletizing shape is formed by interfibrous mutual winding and intertexture, in the web of pelletizing shape moleculeIn network space, there is also a large amount of pore structures, there is microtexture special in this way just because of product, in heat-insulating property,The heat preservation property for having taken into account fiber heat preservation material, porous insulation material and powder thermal insulation material, in the effect of a variety of insulation constructionsUnder, the heat of insulating layer is difficult the cell size narrow distribution range scattered and disappeared, and formed on material, and cell diameter size is equalIt is even.Density after being foamed as moulding material substantially reduce obtained by expanded material abscess rate of closed hole it is high, heat-insulating property is hadEffect improves, so that low-density foamed thermal insulation material has good heat insulation effect.Specific preparation method is as follows：
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of low-density foamed thermal insulation material, includes the following steps：
Step 1, by 20 parts of polystyrene resins, 5 parts of graphenes and 8 parts of triacetyl glycerines under conditions of 150 DEG C, with1.5h is mixed in the rotating speed of 500rpm, forms mixture A；
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 40 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；
Step 3, by 12 parts of ethylene glycol and 10 parts of NaHCO3It mixes after stirring 10min with 50rpm rotating speeds, be added extremely will at normal temperaturesIn mixture B, 1h is stirred with 40rpm rotating speeds at 50 DEG C, extruding pelletization postcooling to room temperature is to get expanded beads;
Step 4, by above-mentioned gained expanded beads be placed in foaming unit in carry out heating and melting, by CO2Foamed gas injects unitEnd after being sufficiently mixed, is squeezed out by mold, is cooling, sizing obtains low-density foamed thermal insulation material.
The silane coupled modified calcium silicates preparation method is as follows：
4 parts of sodium metasilicate and 20 parts of milk of limes are added in 1000ml deionized waters step 1, and 0.5 part of glass is added after mixingFiber, which is put into mixed liquor, to be thoroughly mixed and disperses, and reaction temperature is controlled at 60 DEG C, reaction time 45min, and stirring turnsSpeed is 150rpm, obtains gel calcium silicates；
Step 2 forms above-mentioned hydrothermal synthesis reaction gel calcium silicates and is dehydrated, and is carried out with 80 DEG C of hot water in dehydration inverseTo washing, during washing, maintain to be reacted under stirring, control mixing speed is 50rpm, reaction time 25min；
Deionized water is added in the gel calcium silicates obtained after above-mentioned washing dealkalize by step 3, and the water-solid ratio being adjusted in slurry is20:1, then it is mixed；
Step 4 is put into after stirring evenly and is warming up to 180 DEG C in autoclave, and heating and reaction time control are 2h, stirringThen speed 100rpm keeps the temperature 1h, mixing speed 50rpm at 180 DEG C, obtained after room temperature is dropped to after the completion of reaction, by filteringWith hard calcium silicates is obtained after shaping and drying；
4 parts of hard calcium silicates and 6 parts of coupling agent KH560 are added in three mouthfuls of burnings step 5,50 parts of acetone are added, then ultrasound pointIt dissipates 30 minutes, 1 part of triethylamine of addition, back flow reaction 4h at 80 DEG C；
Step 6, reaction finish, and are filtered after being cooled to room temperature, and acetone washs three times, and 60 DEG C of vacuum drying for 24 hours, obtain silane coupledModified calcium silicates.
Embodiment 2
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 35 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 3
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 30 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 4
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 25 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 5
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 20 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 6
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 15 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 7
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 10 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 8
4 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 5 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, in 100 DEG C of itemUnder part, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 9
2 parts of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 40 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 10
1 part of silane coupled modified calcium silicates and 40 parts of polystyrene resins are added into mixture A step 2, at 100 DEG CUnder the conditions of, 1h is stirred with the rotating speed of 80rpm, forms mixture B；Remaining is prepared and embodiment 1 is identical.
Reference examples 1
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by thermal insulation material, replace graphene with the kaolin powder of equivalent,Remaining step is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 2
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by thermal insulation material, graphene is not added, remaining step and embodiment1 is identical.
Reference examples 3
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by thermal insulation material, graphene, triacetyl glycerine quality proportioning are 8：5, remaining step is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 4
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by thermal insulation material, graphene, triacetyl glycerine quality proportioning are 1：1, remaining step is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 5
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by modified calcium silicates, replace sodium metasilicate with the Ludox of equivalent, remainingStep is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 6
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by modified calcium silicates, replace sodium metasilicate with the silica flour of equivalent, remainingStep is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 7
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by modified calcium silicates, sodium metasilicate, milk of lime quality proportioning 1：1, remainingStep is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 8
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 1 prepared by modified calcium silicates, sodium metasilicate, milk of lime quality proportioning 5：1, remainingStep is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 9
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 5 prepared by modified calcium silicates, hard calcium silicates and coupling agent KH560 mass ratioes4:1, remaining step is identical with embodiment 1.
Reference examples 10
It is with 1 difference of embodiment：In step 5 prepared by modified calcium silicates, hard calcium silicates and coupling agent KH560 mass ratioes10:1, remaining step is identical with embodiment 1.
It chooses the low-density foamed thermal insulation material being prepared and carries out performance detection respectively, using GB/T22588-2008 flicker methodsMeasure thermal diffusion coefficient or thermal coefficient
Test result
The experimental results showed that there is low-density foamed thermal insulation material provided by the invention good heat insulation effect, material to be marked in countryUnder quasi- test condition, thermal coefficient is lower, illustrates that heat insulation effect is good, conversely, effect is poorer；Embodiment 2 arrives embodiment 10, respectivelyChange the proportioning of each raw material composition in heat insulation nano composite material, it is low that thermal coefficient is all not so good as embodiment 1, illustrates silane coupledModified calcium silicates, polystyrene resin quality proportioning are 1：10, when other dispensing dosages are fixed, heat insulation effect is best；Reference examples 1Graphene is not added to reference examples 2 and is replaced with kaolin powder, and heat insulation effect is decreased obviously, and illustrates graphene to materialIt is synthetically produced great influence；Reference examples 3 and reference examples 4 change graphene, triacetyl glycerine quality proportioning, the material of synthesisThermal coefficient is not still low；Reference examples 5 replace sodium metasilicate to the silica flour of reference examples 6 and Ludox, and effect is also bad, illustrates siliconSour sodium is preferable to materials synthesis effect as silicon source；Reference examples 7 and reference examples 8 change sodium metasilicate, milk of lime quality proportioning, heat conductionCoefficient is higher, illustrates that the two is affected with compound heat insulation effect is compared；Reference examples 9 and example 10 reduce coupling agent KH560Dosage, thermal coefficient is significantly raised, illustrates that the heat insulation effect of the very few material of silane coupling agent is deteriorated；Therefore it is protected using the present inventionThe low-density foamed thermal insulation material that warm layer uses has good heat insulation effect.