技术领域technical field
本发明涉及基础动物实验器材领域，具体涉及一种实验用动物椎板移除辅助器。The invention relates to the field of basic animal experiment equipment, in particular to an animal lamina removal aid for experiments.
背景技术Background technique
脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)是指各种原因引起的椎管内脊髓组织损伤而导致损伤平面下感觉、运动功能及植物神经功能障碍的严重损伤，包括脊髓圆锥和马尾损伤。鉴于SCI的发病特点，目前国内外开展了诸多SCI相关的基础实验研究，主要研究对象为大鼠。Spinal cord injury (spinal cord injury, SCI) refers to the injury of spinal cord tissue in the spinal canal caused by various reasons, which leads to severe injury of sensory, motor function and autonomic dysfunction below the level of injury, including conus medullaris and cauda equina injury. In view of the pathogenic characteristics of SCI, many basic experimental studies related to SCI have been carried out at home and abroad, and the main research objects are rats.
在开展SCI相关的基础实验研究过程中，需要通过手术的方式移除椎板。目前移除椎板的方法有：(1)确定需要移除的脊椎椎板的位置，用骨剪在要移除的椎板上、下、左、右做切口，形成一个方形剪口界限，然后用咬骨钳咬住需要移除的椎板的棘突用力拉起，即“揭盖”，去除椎板，形成方形骨窗，暴露脊髓；(2)直接用微型咬骨钳咬除需要移除的椎板的棘突及椎板。In the process of carrying out basic experimental research related to SCI, it is necessary to remove the lamina through surgery. The current methods for removing the lamina are: (1) Determine the position of the vertebral lamina to be removed, and use bone scissors to make incisions on the lamina to be removed, below, left, and right to form a square cut boundary, Then use a rongeur to bite the spinous process of the lamina to be removed and pull it up forcefully, that is, "uncover", remove the lamina, form a square bone window, and expose the spinal cord; (2) directly use a micro-rongeur to remove the spinal cord The spinous processes and lamina of the removed lamina.
以上移除椎板的方法在椎板暴露前，需在大鼠后正中线做约3cm的纵行切口，皮下筋膜、椎旁肌剥离范围较大，术后大鼠恢复较慢，对大鼠的创伤较大。通过咬骨钳移除椎板的方法技术难度较大，在操作过程中施术者需小心谨慎，循序渐进咬除椎板，耗时较长，不适合研究对象样本较大的基础实验。此外，操作过程中不可避免的会碰触到脊髓，引起大鼠双下肢一过性扑动，甚至直接造成脊髓损伤，影响实验的客观性。The above method of removing the lamina needs to make a longitudinal incision of about 3 cm on the posterior midline of the rat before the lamina is exposed. The subcutaneous fascia and paraspinal muscles are dissected in a large range, and the rats recover slowly after the operation. Rats are more traumatized. The method of removing the lamina with a rongeur is technically difficult. During the operation, the operator needs to be careful and step by step to remove the lamina. It takes a long time and is not suitable for basic experiments with large samples of research subjects. In addition, it is inevitable to touch the spinal cord during the operation, causing transient fluttering of the lower limbs of the rat, and even directly causing spinal cord injury, which affects the objectivity of the experiment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明提供一种实验用动物椎板移除辅助器，既能降低实验的技术难度、提高实验的客观性，又能降低对实验动物的伤害。In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental animal lamina removal aid, which can not only reduce the technical difficulty of the experiment, improve the objectivity of the experiment, but also reduce the damage to the experimental animals.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种实验用动物椎板移除辅助器，包括开孔器固定装置、开孔器和电极，所述开孔器固定装置包括轴承和手钻，所述的轴承一端与手钻上端连接，另一端与电极连接，所述手钻下端与开孔器相连接，所述的电极与外部电极相连，由外部电极进一步控制电极。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: an animal lamina removal aid for experiments, comprising a hole opener fixing device, a hole opener and electrodes, and the hole opener fixing device includes a bearing and a hand drill One end of the bearing is connected to the upper end of the hand drill, the other end is connected to the electrode, the lower end of the hand drill is connected to the hole opener, the electrode is connected to the external electrode, and the external electrode further controls the electrode.
进一步的，该实验用动物椎板移除辅助器还包括支架、操作台、环形LED灯盘和升降筒，所述操作台固定在支架上，所述支架还和升降筒固定连接，所述环形LED灯盘固定在升降筒下端。Further, the experimental animal lamina removal aid also includes a bracket, an operating table, a ring-shaped LED lamp panel and a lifting tube, the operating table is fixed on the bracket, and the bracket is also fixedly connected to the lifting tube, and the ring-shaped The LED lamp panel is fixed at the lower end of the lifting tube.
进一步的，所述开孔器固定装置位于升降筒内部，所述升降筒高度可调。Further, the hole saw fixing device is located inside the lifting cylinder, and the height of the lifting cylinder is adjustable.
进一步的，所述的开孔器包括螺旋杆、调节螺丝和磨砂头，所述调节螺丝固定在螺旋杆上，所述磨砂头连接在螺旋杆下端。Further, the hole opener includes a screw rod, an adjusting screw and a grinding head, the adjusting screw is fixed on the screw rod, and the grinding head is connected to the lower end of the screw rod.
进一步的，所述磨砂头为中空结构，所述螺旋杆表面为螺旋结构，所述磨砂头可在螺旋杆上拧动，且磨砂头的位置通过调节螺丝进行紧固。Further, the sanding head is a hollow structure, the surface of the screw rod is a spiral structure, the sanding head can be screwed on the screw rod, and the position of the sanding head is fastened by adjusting screws.
进一步的，所述手钻下端是与开孔器的螺旋杆上端相连接的，此连接方式为可拆卸连接。Further, the lower end of the hand drill is connected to the upper end of the screw rod of the hole saw, and the connection method is detachable.
进一步的，所述的轴承边缘设有孔道，环形LED灯盘的电源线通过所述孔道穿出连接外部电源。Further, the edge of the bearing is provided with a hole through which the power cord of the ring-shaped LED lamp panel goes out to connect to an external power supply.
进一步的，所述的开孔器固定装置还包括稳定轴承，所述稳定轴承置于轴承上端，手钻通过所述稳定轴承进行紧固。Further, the hole saw fixing device also includes a stable bearing, the stable bearing is placed on the upper end of the bearing, and the hand drill is fastened through the stable bearing.
本发明的有益效果是：1、手术切口小，减少了对实验动物的创伤。与传统方法相比，本发明实现了将手术切口由约3cm降至了约2cm；对椎板的移除一改之前的用咬骨钳一点点咬除，通过开孔器的磨砂头消磨椎板骨质，出血少，对需要移除的椎板的周围组织损伤小，减少了对实验动物的创伤，使术后恢复速度加快。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The surgical incision is small, which reduces the trauma to experimental animals. Compared with the traditional method, the present invention reduces the surgical incision from about 3cm to about 2cm; the removal of the lamina is changed from the previous method of using a rongeur to bite off a little bit, and the grinding head of the hole opener is used to grind the vertebrae. Plate bone, less bleeding, less damage to the surrounding tissue of the lamina that needs to be removed, reduces trauma to experimental animals, and speeds up postoperative recovery.
2、连接外部电极，实现了操作速度可调；升降筒高度可调，也就实现了操作范围高度可调；磨砂头在螺旋杆上上下拧动，实现了消磨骨质深度可调，满足了不同操作者、不同情况下对操作手术的要求。2. Connect the external electrode to realize the adjustable operation speed; the height of the lifting cylinder is adjustable, which also realizes the height adjustment of the operation range; the grinding head is twisted up and down on the screw rod to realize the adjustable depth of bone grinding, which meets the requirements Different operators and different situations require surgical operations.
3、操作人员易于掌握，保证了实验的客观性，且使大样本实验的开展成为可能；操作人员只需控制好电极开关、磨砂头在螺旋杆上的固定位置及双手的力度即可完成椎板移除，技术难度要求降低，操作的速度明显提高，且避免了以往用咬骨钳咬除椎板的过程中对脊髓的损伤，增加了实验的可控性和客观性。3. The operator is easy to master, which ensures the objectivity of the experiment and makes it possible to carry out large-scale experiments; the operator only needs to control the electrode switch, the fixed position of the abrasive head on the screw rod and the strength of both hands to complete the vertebrae. The removal of the plate reduces the technical difficulty and significantly improves the speed of operation, and avoids the damage to the spinal cord in the process of biting off the lamina with a rongeur in the past, increasing the controllability and objectivity of the experiment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明整体结构示意图的侧视图；Fig. 1 is the side view of overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明整体结构示意图的主视图；Fig. 2 is the front view of the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明开孔器与开孔器固定装置的结构连接图；Fig. 3 is a structural connection diagram of the hole saw and the hole saw fixing device of the present invention;
图4为本发明开孔器固定装置的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hole saw fixing device of the present invention;
图5为本发明开孔器的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the hole opener of the present invention.
图中附图标记如下：1、支架，2、操作台，3、开孔器，4、环形LED灯盘，5、电极，6、升降筒，7、轴承，8、手钻，9、稳定轴承，31、螺旋杆，32、调节螺丝，33、磨砂头，41、电源线。The reference signs in the figure are as follows: 1. Bracket, 2. Operating table, 3. Hole opener, 4. Ring LED lamp panel, 5. Electrode, 6. Lifting tube, 7. Bearing, 8. Hand drill, 9. Stability Bearing, 31, screw rod, 32, adjusting screw, 33, frosted head, 41, power cord.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图1-5对本发明做进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-5, the present invention will be further described:
对显微镜的结构进行改造，利用显微镜的外部结构作为支架1，在原显微镜的载物台上用螺栓固定放置一个塑胶材料制成的平板作为操作台2，并使之与支架1固定，对原显微镜升降筒(也就是粗准焦和细准焦螺旋调节机构)的内部结构进行调整，将其内部其他零件拆除作为本实验用动物椎板移除辅助器的升降筒6，因此依据粗准焦和细准焦的调节原理可实现升降筒6的高度可调，以满足不同操作者对手术视野的要求。Modify the structure of the microscope, use the external structure of the microscope as the bracket 1, place a flat plate made of plastic material on the stage of the original microscope with bolts as the operating platform 2, and fix it with the bracket 1, and replace the original microscope The internal structure of the lifting cylinder (that is, the coarse and fine focus adjustment mechanism) is adjusted, and the other internal parts are removed as the lifting cylinder 6 of the animal lamina removal aid for this experiment. Therefore, according to the coarse focus and fine focus The adjustment principle of fine focus can realize the height adjustment of the lifting cylinder 6, so as to meet the requirements of different operators for the surgical field of view.
将开孔器固定装置以及环形LED灯盘4的电源线41置于升降筒6内部；所述开孔器固定装置包括轴承7、手钻8和稳定轴承9，所述的轴承7一端与手钻8上端连接，另一端与电极5连接，轴承7为环形结构，其中心直径为5mm，手钻8穿入此中心固定在轴承7上，轴承7外径与升降筒6内径一致，且轴承7边缘设有孔道，环形LED灯盘4的电源线41通过所述孔道穿出连接外部电源；所述手钻8下端与开孔器3的螺旋杆31上端可拆卸连接；所述稳定轴承9置于轴承7上端，其外径与升降筒6内径一致，进一步固定手钻8及开孔器3。Place the hole opener fixing device and the power cord 41 of the annular LED lamp panel 4 inside the lifting cylinder 6; the hole saw fixing device includes a bearing 7, a hand drill 8 and a stable bearing 9, and one end of the bearing 7 is connected to the hand The upper end of the drill 8 is connected, and the other end is connected with the electrode 5. The bearing 7 is a ring structure with a center diameter of 5mm. 7 There is a hole on the edge, and the power cord 41 of the annular LED lamp panel 4 passes through the hole to connect to the external power supply; the lower end of the hand drill 8 is detachably connected to the upper end of the screw rod 31 of the hole opener 3; the stable bearing 9 Place on the upper end of the bearing 7, whose outer diameter is consistent with the inner diameter of the lifting cylinder 6, and further fix the hand drill 8 and the hole opener 3.
所述开孔器3包括螺旋杆31、调节螺丝32和磨砂头33，所述调节螺丝32固定在螺旋杆31上，所述磨砂头33连接在螺旋杆31下端；所述螺旋杆31表面为螺旋结构，为调节螺丝32和磨砂头33的拧动提供保证；所述磨砂头33为中空结构，磨砂头33下端最大直径为5mm，内径为4mm，边缘厚度为0.5mm，磨砂头33可在螺旋杆31上进行拧动来调节磨砂头33中间的凹槽深度，此凹槽最大深度为3mm,以便根据脊椎不同部位椎板厚度确定消磨深度，当调至理想深度时，可通过拧动调节螺丝32来固定磨砂头33的位置，防止操作过程中磨砂头33位置上移，凹槽深度变浅；螺旋杆31为开孔器3的中心轴，上端与手钻8可拆卸连接，以便消毒或不用时卸下保管。The hole opener 3 includes a screw rod 31, an adjusting screw 32 and a grinding head 33, the adjusting screw 32 is fixed on the screw rod 31, and the grinding head 33 is connected to the lower end of the screw rod 31; the surface of the screw rod 31 is The spiral structure provides guarantee for the screwing of the adjusting screw 32 and the sanding head 33; the sanding head 33 is a hollow structure, the maximum diameter of the lower end of the sanding head 33 is 5mm, the inner diameter is 4mm, and the edge thickness is 0.5mm. Turn the screw rod 31 to adjust the depth of the groove in the middle of the sanding head 33. The maximum depth of the groove is 3mm, so as to determine the grinding depth according to the thickness of the lamina in different parts of the spine. When it is adjusted to the desired depth, it can be adjusted by twisting The screw 32 is used to fix the position of the sanding head 33 to prevent the position of the sanding head 33 from moving up during the operation, and the depth of the groove becomes shallow; the screw rod 31 is the central axis of the hole saw 3, and the upper end is detachably connected with the hand drill 8 for disinfection Or remove it for safekeeping when not in use.
所述电极5一端与轴承7连接，另一端连接外部电极，此外部电极参数如下：110/230V～56/60Hz-180W，Rc：8000～30000/min，可以通过调节外部电极自身所带的调节器完成对电极5的控制，进而控制轴承7带动手钻8高速旋转，磨砂头33可在手钻8的带动下高速旋转，与脊椎椎板进行摩擦，消磨骨质。One end of the electrode 5 is connected to the bearing 7, and the other end is connected to an external electrode. The parameters of the external electrode are as follows: 110/230V～56/60Hz-180W, Rc: 8000～30000/min, which can be adjusted by adjusting the external electrode itself. The device completes the control of the electrode 5, and then controls the bearing 7 to drive the hand drill 8 to rotate at a high speed, and the abrasive head 33 can rotate at a high speed driven by the hand drill 8 to rub against the vertebral lamina to wear away the bone.
所述环形LED灯盘4固定在升降筒6下端，由电源线41控制，接通电源后，环形LED灯盘4亮起，为操作视野提供充足的光线。The ring-shaped LED lamp panel 4 is fixed on the lower end of the lifting tube 6 and controlled by the power cord 41. After the power is turned on, the ring-shaped LED lamp panel 4 lights up to provide sufficient light for the operating field of view.
本发明的总工作原理是：通过利用由外部电极控制的手钻8的高速旋转，带动开孔器3的转动，利用开孔器3的磨砂头33与脊椎椎板骨质之间的摩擦作用，逐渐消磨椎板骨质，当椎板周围骨质均被消磨变薄后，利用镊子稍用力向上提拉棘突，椎板即可被移除。The general working principle of the present invention is: by using the high-speed rotation of the hand drill 8 controlled by the external electrode, the rotation of the hole opener 3 is driven, and the friction between the abrasive head 33 of the hole opener 3 and the bone of the vertebral plate is utilized. , Gradually wear away the bone of the lamina. When the bone around the lamina is worn and thinned, use forceps to pull up the spinous process with a little force, and the lamina can be removed.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810619058.2ACN108720957A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Animal for research vertebral plate removes assistor |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810619058.2ACN108720957A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Animal for research vertebral plate removes assistor |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108720957Atrue CN108720957A (en) | 2018-11-02 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810619058.2APendingCN108720957A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Animal for research vertebral plate removes assistor |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108720957A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20181102 |