技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于演奏键盘乐器的标志，涉及一种如钢琴、风琴等一样演奏者通过用手来操作键盘或者用脚来操作踏板而发出声音的用于演奏乐器的标志。更加详细地，本发明涉及一种用于演奏的视觉标志或者用于演奏的触觉标志，其传递在演奏者演奏所述乐器时对如音乐技巧或者音乐表现等一样的演奏质量产生较大影响的信息，比如(1)针对演奏者的手操作、躯干操作、脚操作的信息，或者(2)针对与所述操作相关的特定身体部位的解剖学姿势的信息，或者(3)针对与所述解剖学姿势相关的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息，或者涉及一种包括一个以上所述标志的乐谱。The present invention relates to a mark for playing a keyboard musical instrument, and relates to a mark for playing a musical instrument such as a piano, an organ, etc., in which a player produces sound by operating the keyboard with hands or operating pedals with feet. In more detail, the present invention relates to a visual sign for performance or a tactile sign for performance that conveys information that has a large influence on the quality of performance such as musical technique or musical expression, etc., when the player plays said musical instrument. Information, such as (1) information on the player's hand manipulation, torso manipulation, foot manipulation, or (2) information on the anatomical posture of a specific body part related to the manipulation, or (3) information on the Anatomical posture related to the overall posture of the player, etc., or to a musical score including more than one of said landmarks.
背景技术Background technique
演奏键盘乐器的演奏者根据写在乐谱上的音符或者记号而利用自己的手或脚来操作所述乐器，从而发出声音。例如，演奏者用两手来操作键盘，用脚来操作踏板，从而演奏如钢琴或者风琴一样的键盘乐器。A player who plays a keyboard musical instrument produces sounds by operating the musical instrument with his or her hands or feet according to notes or marks written on a musical score. For example, a player operates a keyboard with both hands and operates pedals with his feet, thereby playing a keyboard instrument such as a piano or an organ.
如上所述，若学习者想要演奏所述乐器，则应学会手或脚的操作，但是其不是一件容易的事。例如，若演奏者用手指来打击如钢琴一样的键盘乐器的键盘，则就演奏的声音而言，可根据手指的打击速度、打击强度、打击角度或者打击时间而使得声音的强弱、音响、音色等不同。此外，也可以随着演奏者打击键盘的上部或者下部而使得音色不同，并且与手指的打击一起或者在手指的打击前后，随着用脚踩踏特定踏板而使得音响、音长等的音色不同，不仅如此，也可以去除声音或者将音量减少一定程度。As mentioned above, if the learner wants to play the musical instrument, he should learn the operation of the hands or feet, but it is not an easy task. For example, if the player hits the keyboard of a keyboard instrument as a piano with his fingers, then with regard to the sound of playing, the intensity, sound, The tone and so on are different. In addition, it is also possible to make the timbre different as the player hits the upper or lower part of the keyboard, and together with the finger strike or before and after the finger strike, the timbre of the sound, sound length, etc. will be different as the foot steps on a specific pedal, not only In this way, it is also possible to remove the sound or reduce the volume to a certain extent.
但是，在大多数情况下，大部分乐谱根据现有的音乐记谱法仅包括音乐的调、音符、音符的强弱或者如连音符等一样的基本音乐记号、或者歌词。由此，在大多数情况下，为了熟练没有包括在乐谱中的音乐技巧或者音乐表现而练习的学习者用文字或者记号来将所述技巧或者表现记载于乐谱，在乐谱的有限的空间内记入详细的说明是有限制的。由此，即使学习者演奏相同的乐谱，根据自己的学习能力及讲师的讲课能力，在学习所述技巧或者表现时所需的时间以及可学习的技巧或者表现力也是不同的。However, in most cases, most musical scores only include the key of music, musical notes, strengths and weaknesses of musical notes, or basic musical symbols such as tuplets, or lyrics according to existing music notation methods. Thus, in most cases, learners who practice in order to master musical techniques or musical expressions not included in the score use words or symbols to record said techniques or expressions on the score, within the limited space of the score. Entering detailed instructions is limited. Therefore, even if learners play the same score, the time required to learn the technique or expression and the skills or expressiveness that can be learned are different according to their own learning ability and the lecturer's lecturing ability.
为了解决所述问题，韩国专利公开号第10-2009-0063548号公开了一种用于有效地教授和学习键盘乐器的教具套装。但是，其具有仅限于手指或者手操作的一部分的缺点。In order to solve the problem, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0063548 discloses a teaching aid set for effectively teaching and learning a keyboard musical instrument. However, it has the disadvantage of being limited to a part of finger or hand operation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决如上所述的问题，本发明的用于演奏键盘乐器的标志、包括于所述标志的详细标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱以如下形式构成：演奏键盘乐器的演奏者识别到针对没有包括在现有的乐谱中的，或者无法用现有的音乐记号来详细说明的身体部位的操作，或者伴随所述操作的姿势等的信息，据此，容易执行特定音乐技巧或者容易实现特定音乐表现。此外，本发明的各种标志构成为，在尽可能包括少量的文字或者数字，或根本不包括文字或者数字的情况下，演奏者也可以容易识别针对所述操作或者姿势的信息。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the mark for playing a keyboard instrument, the detailed mark included in the mark, or the musical score including the mark of the present invention are constituted in such a form that the player playing the keyboard In existing musical notation, or the operation of body parts that cannot be specified in existing music notation, or information such as postures accompanying said operations, whereby it is easy to perform a specific musical technique or to achieve a specific musical expression . In addition, the various marks of the present invention are configured so that the player can easily recognize the information on the operation or gesture even when the characters or numerals are included as little as possible, or no characters or numerals are included at all.
本发明的各种用于演奏键盘乐器的标志、包括于所述标志的详细标志，或者包括所述标志的乐谱的第一个目的在于，向演奏键盘乐器的演奏者提供(1)针对没有包括在现有的乐谱中的，或者无法用现有的音乐记号来详细说明的身体部位(即，手、脚、躯干、肺，或者其他身体部位)的操作的信息；(2)针对与所述操作相关的所述身体部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(3)针对通过所述操作及姿势而操作键盘乐器的信息；或者(4)针对与所述解剖学姿势相关的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息，从而使得键盘乐器演奏者的音乐技巧或者音乐表现提高。The first purpose of the various symbols for playing keyboard instruments, the detailed symbols included in the symbols, or the musical score including the symbols of the present invention is to provide players who play keyboard instruments with (1) information on the manipulation of body parts (i.e., hands, feet, torso, lungs, or other body parts) in existing musical notation, or that cannot be specified in existing musical notation; Information on the anatomical posture of the body part related to the operation; (3) information on operating the keyboard instrument through the operation and posture; or (4) overall posture of the player related to the anatomical posture, etc. information, thereby improving the musical skills or musical performance of the keyboard player.
本发明的各种标志、其中包括的详细标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱的第二个目的在于，当演奏键盘乐器的演奏者用特定音乐技巧来演奏键盘乐器或者用键盘乐器来表现特定音乐表现时，针对此时所需的所述身体部位的操作、针对与所述操作相关的所述身体部位的解剖学姿势的信息、针对通过所述操作及姿势而操作键盘乐器的信息或者针对整体姿势的信息，不是阅读由许多文字或者数字构成的文章(即短语或者从句)，而是通过视觉或者触觉来识别所述标志传递的信息的相当的部分，据此，也容易识别所述信息。为此，所述标志或者详细标志构成为与所述文章相比尽可能只包括少量的文字或者数字，或者构成为在根本不包括文字或者数字的情况下可传递针对所述操作、解剖学姿势或者整体姿势的信息。A second purpose of the various symbols of the present invention, the detailed symbols included therein, or the musical score including said symbols is that when a player playing a keyboard instrument plays a keyboard instrument with a specific musical technique or expresses a specific musical expression with a keyboard instrument , for the operation of the body part required at this time, for information on the anatomical posture of the body part related to the operation, for information on operating the keyboard instrument through the operation and posture, or for the overall posture Instead of reading articles (that is, phrases or clauses) composed of many characters or numbers, a considerable part of the information conveyed by the signs is recognized visually or tactilely, and accordingly, the information is easily recognized. For this purpose, the symbols or detailed symbols are designed to contain as few letters or numbers as possible compared to the article, or, if they do not contain letters or numbers at all, to convey information about the operation, anatomical position, Or overall posture information.
为此，所述标志可以构成为包括：(1)直接描述所述信息的针对人类的身体部位的解剖学图片、简化了所述图片的图标(icon)或者表示所述图片的其他记号；(2)直接描述所述信息，但不是针对所述人类的身体部位，而是针对与动植物的一般或者特定姿势或者行动相关的部位的解剖学图片、简化了所述图片的图标或者表示所述图片的其他记号；或者(3)间接描述所述信息，但不属于演奏者的身体部位或者动物的身体部位的图片、简化了所述图片的图标或者表示所述图片的其他记号等。其中，“标志”是以纸质或塑料之类的材料告知指示事项的“物品”，“图标”也是具有类似动物的特定形象的“物品”。此外，当学习者为孩子的情况下，所述标志可以构成为包括所述(1)、(2)或者(3)的图片，以便孩子们喜欢，或者孩子们容易理解，或者能够诱发孩子们的兴趣。此外，当学习者为成人的情况下，所述标志构成为，不是通过阅读长的文章来识别，而是可以从所述标志的视觉或者触觉特征中容易识别学习者用特定音乐技巧演奏键盘乐器或者用键盘乐器来表现特定音乐表现时所需的说明，从而可以提高学习者的集中度。To this end, the mark may be configured to include: (1) an anatomical picture for human body parts that directly describe the information, an icon (icon) that simplifies the picture, or other signs representing the picture; 2) Describe the information directly, but not for the body parts of the human beings, but for anatomical pictures of parts related to general or specific postures or actions of animals and plants, icons that simplify the pictures, or represent the Other signs of pictures; or (3) pictures that indirectly describe the information but do not belong to the player's body parts or animal body parts, icons that simplify the pictures, or other signs that represent the pictures, etc. Among them, a "sign" is an "item" that informs instructions on a material such as paper or plastic, and an "icon" is an "item" that has a specific image similar to an animal. In addition, when the learner is a child, the sign can be configured to include the pictures of (1), (2) or (3), so that the children like it, or the children can easily understand it, or can induce the children interest of. In addition, when the learner is an adult, the mark is configured so that, instead of being recognized by reading a long text, the learner can be easily recognized from the visual or tactile features of the mark that the learner plays a keyboard instrument with a specific musical technique Or the instructions needed to perform a particular musical expression with a keyboard instrument, thereby increasing the learner's concentration.
本发明的所述第二个目的不仅包括使得演奏者容易利用所述标志或者所述乐谱而构成的方法，还包括使用其的方法。此外，所述第二个目的包括根据各种形态、颜色或者排列而构成所述各种图片、与此相关的各种图标或者各种记号的方法，还包括使用其的方法。The second object of the present invention includes not only a method of making it easy for a player to compose using the notation or the score, but also a method of using it. In addition, the second object includes a method of composing the various pictures, various icons or various symbols related thereto according to various shapes, colors, or arrangements, and also includes a method of using them.
本发明的各种标志的第三个目的在于，为了能够使得键盘乐器演奏者容易识别，将各种标志(1)印刷在乐谱，或者(2)用除此之外的其他方法来固定于乐谱，或者(3)以可拆卸的形式构成于乐谱。但是为了方便，所述标志的目的在于，演奏者利用自己的视觉或者触觉来识别针对没有包括在现有的乐谱中的手操作、脚操作、躯干操作、呼吸器官操作或者其他身体部位的操作、与所述操作相关的上半身部位、下半身部位、躯干部位、呼吸器官部位或者其他身体部位的解剖学姿势或与此相关的整体姿势等的信息，从而提高演奏者的音乐技巧或音乐表现。为此，所述标志可以构成为视觉标志或者触觉标志的形态。或者为了相同的目的而可以同时使用多个所述标志，另一方面，可以构成为将单一的标志不仅可以用作所述视觉标志，还可以用作触觉标志。The third purpose of the various signs of the present invention is to (1) print the various signs on the score, or (2) fix them on the score by other methods, in order to make it easy for keyboard players to identify , or (3) constituted in the music score in a detachable form. However, for the sake of convenience, the purpose of the marks is to enable the performer to use his/her own sense of sight or touch to recognize the operations of hands, feet, torso, respiratory organs, or other body parts that are not included in the existing music scores. Information about the anatomical posture of upper body parts, lower body parts, torso parts, respiratory organ parts or other body parts related to the operation or the overall posture related thereto, so as to improve the musician's musical skills or musical performance. To this end, the markings can be designed in the form of visual markings or tactile markings. Alternatively, a plurality of such marks may be used simultaneously for the same purpose, or a single mark may be used not only as the visual mark but also as a tactile mark.
如上面文章的(3)一样，在以可拆卸的形式制作本发明的各种标志的情况下，提供包括一个以上的视觉标志或者一个以上的触觉标志的标志套装，从而可以促进使得演奏者便于识别所述标志。为此，(1)可以使得包括有多个所述标志的一个以上的标志套装包括于乐谱的第一部分或者末尾部分，或者(2)使得多个标志套装包括于所述乐谱的两处以上的部分，或者(3)将所述标志套装可提供为与所述乐谱分开的物件或者独立的物件。此外，使得一部分标志印刷或者固定于所述乐谱，另外，也可以构成为使得剩余的标志包括于所述标志套装，从而演奏者可以对其进行附着或者拆卸。此外，也可以构成各个标志，以便按一定顺序或者排列将多个标志附着于乐谱的特定部分，从而提供针对多个身体部位操作的信息、针对多个身体部位的解剖学姿势的信息、针对键盘乐器的多个部分的操作的信息，或者针对演奏者身体的整体姿势的信息。As in (3) of the above article, in the case of making various signs of the present invention in a detachable form, providing a set of signs including more than one visual sign or more than one tactile sign can facilitate the player's convenience. Identify the flags. To this end, (1) more than one set of signs including a plurality of said signs may be included in the first part or the end of the score, or (2) more than one set of signs may be included in two or more places of the score. part, or (3) the sign set may be provided as a separate item from the score or as an independent item. In addition, a part of marks may be printed or fixed on the score, and the remaining marks may be included in the mark set so that the player can attach or detach them. In addition, individual markers can also be constructed so that multiple markers are attached to specific parts of the score in a certain order or arrangement to provide information for manipulation of multiple body parts, information for anatomical posture of multiple body parts, information for keyboard Information about the operation of multiple parts of the instrument, or information about the overall posture of the player's body.
此外，包括于所述标志套装的一个以上的视觉标志或者一个以上的触觉标志可构成为也可以附着于除乐谱以外的其他物件。由此，所述标志可构成为包括磁铁或者吸附于磁铁的物质，从而可附着于被磁铁吸附的黑板或者包括磁铁的黑板。或者可构成为，将魔术贴附着于所述标志，从而所述标志可附着于附着有魔术贴的板或者从附着有魔术贴的板拆卸，也可以构成为通过其他纽扣、凹凸等公知的方法来附着或者拆卸所述标志。Furthermore, one or more visual indicia or one or more tactile indicia included in the indicia set may be configured to be attached to other objects besides musical scores as well. Thus, the sign can be configured to include a magnet or a substance that is attracted to a magnet, so that it can be attached to a blackboard that is attracted to a magnet or a blackboard that includes a magnet. Alternatively, it may be configured such that Velcro is attached to the sign, so that the sign may be attached to or detached from the plate attached to the Velcro, or it may be configured by other known methods such as buttons, embossments, etc. to attach or detach the flag.
本发明的所述第三个目的不仅包括构成各种所述视觉标志或者触觉标志的方法，还包括使用其的方法。同样地，所述第三个目的不仅包括构成所述标志套装的方法，还包括使用其的方法。Said third object of the invention includes not only the method of constituting the various said visual or tactile signs, but also the method of using them. Likewise, said third object includes not only the method of making said sign set, but also the method of using it.
本发明的各种标志或者包括其的乐谱的第四个目的在于，促进键盘乐器演奏者为了用特定音乐技巧来演奏键盘乐器或者用键盘乐器来表现特定音乐表现，根据所述标志或者参考所述标志来操作特定身体部位，并且采取特定解剖学姿势。A fourth purpose of the various markers of the present invention or the musical score including them is to facilitate keyboard players to play keyboard instruments with specific musical techniques or express specific musical expressions with keyboard instruments, according to said markers or with reference to said Use landmarks to manipulate specific body parts, and assume specific anatomical postures.
为此，所述视觉标志或者触觉标志包括用于特定技巧或者特定音乐表现的(1)与位于手或者胳膊等上半身的上半身部位相关的上半身标志；(2)与位于肩部或者背部、腹部等躯干的躯干部位相关的躯干标志；(3)与位于脚等下半身的下半身部位相关的下半身标志；或者(4)与位于嘴、肺、呼吸道等胸部的呼吸部位相关的呼吸标志中一个以上。此外，就所述标志而言，也可以利用所述躯干标志或者相当于在本段落列出的两个以上的身体部位的解剖学姿势的两个以上的所述标志来用作针对演奏者的整体姿势的标志。To this end, the visual signs or tactile signs include (1) upper body signs related to upper body parts located on the upper body such as hands or arms for specific techniques or specific musical performances; (3) Lower body markers related to lower body parts located on the lower body such as feet; or (4) One or more of respiratory markers related to respiratory parts located on the chest such as the mouth, lungs, and airway. In addition, as far as the landmarks are concerned, the torso landmarks or two or more of the landmarks corresponding to the anatomical postures of two or more body parts listed in this paragraph can also be used as a marker for the player. A sign of overall posture.
本发明的所述第四个目的不仅包括构成所述上半身标志、躯干标志、下半身标志或者呼吸标志的方法、在所述标志中包括各种详细标志的方法，还包括使用其的方法。此外，所述第四个目的不仅包括构成包括所述各种标志或者一个以上所述标志的所述乐谱的方法，还包括使用其的方法。The fourth object of the present invention includes not only a method of constituting the upper body mark, torso mark, lower body mark or breathing mark, a method of including various detailed marks in the mark, but also a method of using the same. Furthermore, said fourth object includes not only a method of composing said musical score including said various marks or more than one of said marks, but also a method of using it.
本发明的各种标志或者包括其的乐谱的第五个目的在于，促进键盘乐器演奏者为了用特定音乐技巧来演奏键盘乐器或用键盘乐器来表现特定音乐表现，根据所述标志或者参考所述标志来操作键盘乐器的特定部分。A fifth purpose of the various markers of the present invention or the musical score including them is to facilitate keyboard players to play keyboard instruments with specific musical techniques or express specific musical expressions with keyboard instruments, according to said markers or with reference to said flags to operate specific parts of the keyboard instrument.
为此，就所述上半身标志、躯干标志或者下半身标志而言，演奏者通过所述身体部位来操作键盘或者踏板，并且(1)提供针对所述操作的动态特性或者静态特性的信息，或者(2)提供对键盘或者踏板的特定部分进行操作的信息，或者(3)也可以提供针对执行所述操作的演奏者的身体部位的解剖学姿势的信息或针对整体姿势的信息。由此，所述标志可以提供针对演奏者操作键盘的一个以上的手指的打击速度、打击强度、打击角度、打击时间、由此产生的声音的强弱、音响、声音的持续、声音的去除、音色、和弦、打击前后的心理准备等各种动态或者静态特性的信息。或者，所述标志也可以提供针对演奏者是否用一个以上的手指来仅打击键盘或者踏板的上部或者中部或者下部，或打击键盘或者踏板整体的信息。或者，所述标志也可以提供针对当演奏者用一只手或者一只脚或两只手或者两只脚来打击键盘或者踏板时的手指或脚的模样、向上下方向的角度或旋转、向左右方向的角度或旋转、手背或者脚背的模样、手指或脚的移动等的信息。此外，当演奏者使用两只手或者两只脚的情况下，所述标志可提供针对各个手或脚的各种信息，或者提供针对两只手或者两只脚的静态或者动态特性的类似性的信息，或者提供针对各个手或脚的静态或者动态特性的差异点的信息。To this end, with respect to the upper body markers, torso markers or lower body markers, the player operates the keyboard or the pedals through the body part and (1) provides information on the dynamic or static characteristics of the operation, or ( 2) Provide information on operations performed on specific parts of the keyboard or pedals, or (3) may also provide information on the anatomical posture of the body part of the player performing the operation or information on the overall posture. Thus, the sign can provide the strike speed, strike intensity, strike angle, strike time, strength of the resulting sound, sound, duration of sound, removal of sound, etc. Information about various dynamic or static characteristics such as timbre, chords, psychological preparation before and after hitting, etc. Or, the sign can also provide information on whether the player strikes only the upper part, the middle part or the lower part of the keyboard or the pedal with more than one finger, or strikes the entirety of the keyboard or the pedal. Or, the sign can also provide the appearance of the fingers or feet, the angle or rotation of the up and down directions, Information such as the angle or rotation of the left and right directions, the appearance of the back of the hand or the back of the foot, and the movement of the fingers or feet. In addition, in the case where a player uses two hands or two feet, the markers can provide various information for each hand or two feet, or provide similarities for static or dynamic characteristics of the two hands or two feet. information, or provide information on points of difference in the static or dynamic characteristics of individual hands or feet.
本发明的所述第五个目的不仅包括以演奏者可利用所述标志或者所述乐谱来操作键盘乐器的特定部分的形式构成所述标志或者乐谱的方法，还包括使用其的方法。此外，所述第五个目的还包括利用所述标志或者所述乐谱来操作乐器的特定部分的方法。The fifth object of the present invention includes not only a method of composing the mark or the score in a form in which a player can use the mark or the score to operate a specific part of a keyboard instrument, but also a method of using it. Furthermore, the fifth object also includes a method of operating a specific part of a musical instrument using the mark or the musical score.
本发明的各种标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱的第六个目的在于，构成为演奏键盘乐器的演奏者可根据所述标志(1)统一或者一致性地操作特定身体部位，或者用统一或者一致性的解剖学姿势来练习所述部位；(2)用所述操作或者所述解剖学姿势来反复练习；或者(3)学习者至少仅在讲师的帮助下也可以进行练习，从而促进演奏者用特定音乐技巧来演奏键盘乐器或者用键盘乐器来表现特定音乐表现。为此，所述标志构成为演奏者可容易且一致性地识别(1)所述音乐技巧或者音乐表现所需的身体部位的操作，或者(2)与所述音乐技巧或者表现相关的解剖学姿势等所需信息。或者，所述标志构成为附着于所述乐谱中(1)演奏者的技巧或者表现不熟练的部分，或者(2)对所述技巧或者表现重要的部分，从而演奏者可以容易且一致性地识别所述信息。The sixth purpose of the various marks of the present invention or the musical score including the marks is that a player who is configured to play a keyboard instrument can operate a specific body part in a unified or consistent manner according to the marks (1), or use a uniform or consistent (2) repeated practice with either the manipulation or the anatomical position; or (3) the learner can also perform the practice at least only with the help of the instructor, thereby facilitating performance A person uses a specific musical technique to play a keyboard instrument or uses a keyboard instrument to perform a specific musical expression. To this end, the landmarks are constructed so that a player can easily and consistently identify (1) the manipulation of body parts required for the musical technique or musical performance, or (2) the anatomical features associated with the musical technique or performance. Posture and other required information. Alternatively, the marks are constructed to be attached to parts of the musical score that are (1) the player's technique or performance is not proficient, or (2) important to the technique or performance, so that the player can easily and consistently Identify said information.
本发明的所述第六个目的包括构成所述标志或者乐谱的方法。此外，所述第六个目的不仅包括演奏者利用所述标志或者乐谱进行一致性练习的方法、反复练习的方法，还包括以使得演奏者容易且一致性地识别所述信息的形式构成所述标志或者乐谱的方法。Said sixth object of the present invention comprises a method of constituting said sign or musical score. Furthermore, the sixth object includes not only a method for a player to perform consistent practice using the marks or music scores, a method for repeated practice, but also to compose the method of notation or sheet music.
本发明的各种标志或者包括其的乐谱的第七个目的在于，防止因演奏键盘乐器的演奏者不恰当地操作特定身体部位或者采取不恰当的解剖学姿势而产生的所述部位的受伤或者不正确的姿势，或使得所述部位的受伤或者不正确的姿势最小化。为此，所述标志提供针对因演奏者的手腕肌肉或者韧带等炎症或者破裂而容易产生的脊椎症、腱鞘炎、腱炎、韧带破裂，或者针对其他身体部位的操作或者所述部位的优选的解剖学姿势的信息，从而防止所述炎症或者破裂或者使得所述炎症或者破裂最小化。A seventh object of the various symbols of the present invention, or the musical scores including them, is to prevent injury or injury to a particular body part caused by a player playing a keyboard instrument improperly manipulating said part or adopting an inappropriate anatomical posture. Incorrect posture, or to minimize injury to the area or incorrect posture. To this end, the landmarks provide for spondylosis, tenosynovitis, tendonitis, ligament rupture, which is prone to occur due to inflammation or rupture of the player's wrist muscles or ligaments, etc., or for manipulation of other body parts or the preferred anatomy of said parts information of learned posture, thereby preventing or minimizing said inflammation or rupture.
本发明的所述第七个目的不仅包括构成与容易发生炎症或者破裂的身体部位的操作或者所述部位的解剖学姿势相关的标志的方法，还包括使用其的方法。此外，所述第七个目的还包括利用所述标志来防止所述身体部位的炎症或者破裂或者使得所述身体部位的炎症或者破裂最小化的方法。Said seventh object of the invention includes not only the method of constituting landmarks related to the manipulation of a body part prone to inflammation or rupture, or the anatomical posture of said part, but also the method of using it. Furthermore, said seventh object also includes a method of using said markers to prevent or minimize inflammation or rupture of said body part.
本发明的各种标志的第八个目的在于，为了能够使得键盘乐器演奏者容易识别而使用各种标志，并且与注释部一起一致性地使用所述标志，从而促进演奏者利用所述注释部而准确地识别所述标志所传递的信息。The eighth purpose of the various signs of the present invention is to use various signs in order to enable keyboard players to easily recognize them, and to use the signs consistently with the notes, thereby promoting the use of the notes by the players. And accurately identify the information conveyed by the sign.
本发明的各种标志的第九个目的在于，为了能够使得键盘乐器演奏者容易识别而使用各种标志，并且使用标准化的标志或者规格化的标志，从而促进演奏者准确地识别所述标志所传递的信息。由此，所述标志构成为独立地或者与前面说明的注释部一起使得各种身体部位标准化或者规格化，或使得所述身体部位的解剖学姿势标准化或者规格化，或者使得演奏者的整体姿势标准化或者规格化，以便演奏者容易识别所述信息。据此，演奏者可容易识别针对所述标志或者详细标志所表示的特定身体部位或者特定姿势的信息。The ninth purpose of the various marks of the present invention is to use various marks for easy recognition by keyboard players, and to use standardized marks or standardized marks, thereby facilitating players to accurately identify the signs. information delivered. Thus, the markers are configured to standardize or normalize the various body parts, or to standardize or normalize the anatomical posture of the body parts, or to standardize or normalize the overall posture of the player, independently or together with the annotations described above. Standardize or normalize so that players can easily recognize the information. Accordingly, the player can easily recognize information on a specific body part or a specific posture indicated by the marks or detailed marks.
由此，本发明的下半身标志构成为针对键盘乐器演奏者的特定音乐技巧执行和特定音乐表现实现中一个以上提供帮助，为此，所述标志与根据针对键盘乐器演奏的记谱法的记号不同，利用图片和图标中一个以上向所述演奏者传递针对演奏者的下半身部位的姿势、所述下半身部位的操作、所述键盘乐器的踏板的操作中一个以上的信息，从而构成为对所述键盘乐器演奏者的特定音乐技巧执行和特定音乐表现实现中一个以上提供帮助。所述下半身部位是脚趾、趾骨、脚背、跖骨、脚踝、跗骨、小腿、小腿骨、大腿、大腿骨、膝盖或者膝盖骨中一个，所述踏板是右侧踏板、中间踏板、左侧踏板一个。所述下半身标志可与所述音符一起印刷在印刷有音符的纸上，并且可包括纸、布、木材、塑料、金属中一个以上。Thus, the lower body markers of the present invention are constructed to aid in one or more of the execution of specific musical techniques and the realization of specific musical expressions for a keyboard player, for which purpose the markers differ from notation according to notation for keyboard performance , using more than one of pictures and icons to transmit to the player more than one of the posture of the lower body of the player, the operation of the lower body, and the operation of the pedals of the keyboard instrument, so as to configure the Keyboard players are aided in one or more of the execution of specific musical techniques and the realization of specific musical expressions. The lower part of the body is one of toes, phalanges, instep, metatarsals, ankles, tarsals, shanks, shin bones, thighs, femurs, knees or kneecaps, and the pedals are right pedals, middle pedals, and one left pedal. The lower body mark can be printed together with the musical note on the paper on which the musical note is printed, and can include more than one of paper, cloth, wood, plastic, and metal.
此外，本发明的标志套装包括一个以上的下半身标志和一个以上的上半身标志。尤其，所述下半身标志与根据针对键盘乐器演奏的记谱法的记号不同，并且构成为利用第一个图片和第一个图标中一个以上向所述演奏者传递针对演奏者的下半身部位的姿势、所述下半身部位的操作、所述键盘乐器的踏板的操作中一个以上的信息。此外，所述上半身标志构成为利用第二个图片和第二个图标中一个以上向所述演奏者传递针对所述演奏者的上半身部位的姿势、所述上半身部位的操作、所述键盘乐器的键盘的操作中一个以上的信息。所述标志具有前面和后面，所述前面包括所述图片和图标中一个以上，相反，所述后面包括附着部，附着部包括粘附剂，据此，所述后面的所述附着部可附着于纸上，从而所述标志也附着于所述纸上。所述粘附剂可附着于所述纸上以及可从所述纸上脱离，因而所述标志也可以附着于所述纸上以及可从所述纸上脱离。或者所述标志具有前面和后面，所述标志套装具有底板，所述前面包括所述图片和图标中一个以上，相反，所述后面包括附着部，附着部包括粘附剂，所述后面的所述附着部附着于底板，但可以从所述底板分离。Additionally, the logo set of the present invention includes more than one lower body logo and more than one upper body logo. In particular, the lower body mark is different from the notation for keyboard instrument performance, and is configured to convey to the player the gesture of the lower body part of the player by using one or more of the first picture and the first icon. , the operation of the lower body part, and the operation of the pedal of the keyboard musical instrument. In addition, the upper body mark is configured to use one or more of the second picture and the second icon to convey to the player the posture of the upper body part of the player, the operation of the upper body part, and the keyboard instrument. More than one message in keyboard operation. The logo has a front and a back, the front includes more than one of the picture and the icon, and the back includes an attachment part, the attachment part includes an adhesive, whereby the attachment part of the back can be attached on the paper so that the logo is also attached to the paper. The adhesive is attachable and detachable from the paper, so that the logo is also attachable and detachable from the paper. Or the sign has a front and a back, the sign set has a base plate, the front includes more than one of the pictures and icons, and the back includes an attachment, the attachment includes an adhesive, and all of the back The attachment part is attached to the bottom plate, but can be detached from the bottom plate.
本发明的呼吸标志向演奏者传递针对键盘乐器演奏者的呼吸部位的姿势和所述呼吸部位的操作中一个以上的信息，并且可利用针对所述呼吸部位的解剖学结构的第一类图片、简化了所述第一类图片的第一类图标、针对表示所述呼吸部位的动物的部位的第二类图片、针对表示所述呼吸部位的操作的动物的部位的第二类图片、简化了所述第二类图片的第二类图标中一个以上而传递所述信息。但是，所述呼吸部位是嘴唇、牙齿、牙龈、舌头、呼吸道、肺中一个，所述呼吸标志可与所述音符一起印刷在印刷有音符的纸上，所述呼吸标志可包括纸、塑料、金属中一个以上。所述呼吸标志具有前面和后面，所述前面包括所述图片和图标中一个以上，相反，所述后面包括附着部，附着部包括粘附剂，据此，所述后面的所述附着部附着于纸上，据此，所述呼吸标志也可以附着于所述纸上，所述粘附剂可附着于所述纸上以及可从所述纸上脱离，据此，所述呼吸标志也可以附着于所述纸上以及可从所述纸上脱离。The breathing mark of the present invention conveys to the player more than one of the posture of the breathing part of the keyboard player and the operation of the breathing part, and can utilize the first type of picture for the anatomical structure of the breathing part, Simplify the first type of icons of the first type of pictures, the second type of pictures for the part of the animal representing the breathing part, the second type of pictures for the part of the animal representing the operation of the breathing part, simplify More than one of the second-type icons in the second-type picture conveys the information. However, the breathing site is one of the lips, teeth, gums, tongue, respiratory tract, and lungs, and the breathing mark can be printed on the paper with the musical note together with the note, and the breathing mark can include paper, plastic, More than one of the metals. The breath symbol has a front and a back, the front includes more than one of the picture and the icon, on the contrary, the back includes an attachment part, and the attachment part includes an adhesive, whereby the attachment part of the back is attached on paper, whereby the breath mark can also be attached to the paper, the adhesive can be attached to and detachable from the paper, whereby the breath mark can also Attached to and detachable from the paper.
本发明的利用各种标志或者详细标志的键盘乐器演奏教育方法包括：确认步骤，对用于特定音乐技巧的执行和特定音乐表现的实现中一个以上的演奏者的下半身部位和呼吸部位中一个以上的姿势、所述部位的操作和所述键盘乐器的踏板的操作中一个以上进行确认；以及构成步骤，构成包括传递针对所述姿势和操作中一个以上的信息的图片和图标中一个以上的标志，因此若所述演奏者识别到所述标志，则识别针对所述姿势和操作中一个以上的所述信息，从而可容易执行所述音乐技巧或者实现所述音乐表现。所述构成步骤可以是使得所述姿势和所述操作简单化的步骤、使得所述姿势和所述操作漫画化的步骤以及使得所述姿势和所述操作具体化的步骤中的一个，所述构成步骤可以是使得所述姿势和所述操作简单化的步骤、使得所述姿势和所述操作漫画化的步骤以及使得所述姿势和所述操作具体化的步骤中的一个。The keyboard musical instrument playing education method utilizing various signs or detailed signs of the present invention includes: a confirmation step, and one or more of the lower body parts and breathing parts of more than one player in the implementation of specific musical techniques and the realization of specific musical expressions Confirmation of one or more of the gesture, the operation of the part, and the operation of the pedal of the keyboard instrument; and the constituting step of constituting one or more signs including pictures and icons conveying information for one or more of the posture and operation , so if the player recognizes the sign, the information for one or more of the gesture and operation is recognized, so that the musical technique or the musical expression can be easily performed. The composing step may be one of a step of simplifying the gesture and the operation, a step of maniculating the gesture and the operation, and a step of making the gesture and the operation concrete, the The composing step may be one of a step of simplifying the gesture and the operation, a step of caricating the gesture and the operation, and a step of embodying the gesture and the operation.
本发明中，“乐谱”意味着利用现有的音乐记号、音乐文字或者音乐数字等而根据记谱法表示音乐的物件。由此，乐谱通常包括类似于谱号(即，高音谱号或者低音谱号等)、音乐组、音符、音符的强弱、半升音、降号、连音符等的基本音乐记号或者歌词。In the present invention, "music score" means an object expressing music by notation using existing musical notation, musical characters, musical numbers, and the like. Thus, a musical score typically includes basic musical notation or lyrics like clefs (ie, treble or bass clefs, etc.), musical groups, notes, note strengths, half sharps, flats, tuplets, and the like.
本发明中，“乐器”是指统称具备若打击则发出声音的键盘的“键盘乐器”，作为所述键盘乐器的例子，有钢琴、风琴、管风琴、拨弦古钢琴、古钢琴、手风琴等。钢琴的情况，若打击键盘，则所述键盘打击钢琴内部的弦，从而发出音，但是演奏者直接打击的部分相当于键盘。在这样的属性下，钢琴具有打击乐器或者弦乐器的特性，但是演奏者直接打击的部位是键盘，因此在本发明中将其分类为键盘乐器。In the present invention, "instrument" refers to a "keyboard instrument" that has a keyboard that emits sound when struck. Examples of such keyboard instruments include piano, organ, pipe organ, harpsichord, clavichord, and accordion. In the case of a piano, when the keyboard is struck, the keyboard strikes the strings inside the piano to produce sound, but the part directly struck by the player corresponds to the keyboard. Under such attributes, the piano has the characteristics of a percussion instrument or a stringed instrument, but the part directly struck by the player is the keyboard, so it is classified as a keyboard instrument in the present invention.
本发明的各种标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱构成为使得演奏者容易识别并利用，所述演奏者通称为学习乐器的初级演奏者、学习者、教他们音乐技巧或者音乐表现的讲师及实现相当的音乐技巧的专门演奏者。The various symbols of the present invention or the musical scores including the symbols are constructed so as to be easily recognized and utilized by players, who are generally referred to as novice players who learn musical instruments, learners, instructors and implementers who teach them musical techniques or musical expression. A dedicated player of considerable musical skill.
本发明中，“标志”是以纸质或塑料之类的材料告知指示事项的“物品”，“图标”也是具有类似动物的特定形象的“物品”。In the present invention, a "sign" is an "item" that informs instructions with materials such as paper or plastic, and an "icon" is also an "item" that has a specific image similar to an animal.
本发明中，“上半身标志”是指针对位于手或者胳膊等身体的上半身的身体部位的上半身部位的标志，所述上半身标志包括用于执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现的(1)与位于手指或者手指骨(指骨)、手背或者掌骨(中手骨)、手腕或者腕骨(手根骨)、前臂或者前臂骨(桡骨及尺骨)、上臂或者上膊骨(肱骨)、肩或者肩胛骨等演奏者的上半身的各种上半身部位的解剖学姿势相关的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志；或者(3)与通过所述姿势或者操作的特定乐器的特定部分操作相关的标志等。In the present invention, "upper body marks" refer to marks for upper body parts located on the upper body parts of the body such as hands or arms, and the upper body marks include (1) and the Finger or finger bone (phalange), back of hand or metacarpal bone (middle hand bone), wrist or carpal bone (root bone), forearm or forearm bone (radius and ulna), upper arm or upper arm bone (humerus), shoulder or scapula, etc. (2) landmarks associated with the operation of said parts; or (3) landmarks associated with the operation of a particular part of a particular musical instrument through said posture or operation Wait.
本发明的“躯干标志”是指针对作为位于肩部或者背部、腹部等身体的躯干的身体部位的躯干部位的标志，所述躯干标志包括用于执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现的(1)与位于背部或者脊骨(脊柱)、胸部或者肋骨、臀部或者骶骨等演奏者的躯干的各种躯干部位的解剖学姿势相关的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志；或者(3)与通过所述姿势或者操作的特定乐器的特定部分的操作相关的标志等。The "trunk mark" of the present invention refers to a mark for a body part that is a body part of the body such as the shoulder or the back, the abdomen, etc., and the body mark includes (1 ) landmarks related to the anatomical posture of various parts of the player's torso located on the back or spine (spine), chest or ribs, hips or sacrum; (2) landmarks related to the manipulation of said parts; or (3) A sign or the like related to the operation of a specific part of a specific musical instrument by the gesture or operation.
此外，本发明的“下半身标志”是指针对作为位于脚等身体的下半身的身体部位的下半身部位的标志，所述下半身标志包括用于执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现的(1)与位于脚趾或者趾骨(指骨)、脚背或者跖骨(中足骨)、脚踝或者跗骨(足根骨)、小腿或者小腿骨(胫骨及腓骨)、大腿或者大腿骨(股骨)、膝盖或者膝盖骨(髌骨)等演奏者下半身的各种下半身部位的解剖学姿势相关的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志；或者(3)与通过所述姿势或者操作的特定乐器的特定部分的操作相关的标志等。In addition, the "lower body mark" of the present invention refers to a mark for a lower body part that is a body part located on the lower half of the body such as a foot, and the lower body mark includes (1) and the Toe or phalanges (phalanges), instep or metatarsals (midfoot bones), ankle or tarsal bones (heel bones), lower leg or lower leg bones (tibia and fibula), thigh or femur bones (femur), knee or kneecap (patella) Landmarks related to the anatomical posture of various lower body parts of the player's lower body; (2) landmarks related to the operation of said parts; or (3) related to the operation of a specific part of a specific instrument through said posture or operation logo etc.
另外，本发明的“呼吸标志”是指针对作为主要与呼吸相关的身体部位的呼吸部位的标志，并且包括(1)有关与用于呼吸的嘴唇、牙齿、牙龈、舌头、呼吸道或者肺等演奏者的呼吸相关的各种呼吸部位的解剖学姿势的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志等。In addition, the "breathing sign" of the present invention refers to a sign for a breathing part as a part of the body mainly related to breathing, and includes (1) signs related to playing with lips, teeth, gums, tongue, airway or lungs, etc. used for breathing. (2) signs related to the operation of said parts, etc.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是各种用于演奏乐器的标志及包括多个所述标志的标志套装的概略图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of various signs for playing a musical instrument and a sign set including a plurality of such signs.
图2(a)是包括多个所述标志的乐谱的概略图，图2的(b)是标志的可附着和拆卸的标志套装的概略图。Fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a musical score including a plurality of said marks, and Fig. 2(b) is a schematic view of a mark set which can be attached and detached of marks.
图3的(a)至(j)是各种上半身标志的概略图。(a) to (j) of FIG. 3 are schematic diagrams of various upper body marks.
图4的(a)及(b)是各种躯干标志的概略图。(a) and (b) of FIG. 4 are schematic diagrams of various body markers.
图5的(a)至(d)是各种下半身标志的概略图。(a) to (d) of FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams of various lower body marks.
图6的(a)及(b)是各种呼吸标志的概略图。(a) and (b) of FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of various breath marks.
图7的(a)至(g)是用于表现各种音乐的各种标志的概略图。(a) to (g) of FIG. 7 are schematic diagrams of various symbols for expressing various kinds of music.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的各种用于演奏键盘乐器的标志、包括于所述标志的详细标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱包括针对各种构成、制作、排列等的各种方面、针对所述各个方面的各个实施例、实现所述实施例的各种详细例等。此外，所述标志、详细标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱也包括针对其的制作方法或者使用方法的各种方面、针对各个方面的各种实施例、针对所述实施例的各种详细例等。以下，参照附图，对针对所述标志、详细标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱的各种方面、实施例、详细例的各种构成及方法进行更加详细说明。Various symbols for playing keyboard instruments, detailed symbols included in the symbols, or musical scores including the symbols of the present invention include various aspects of various configurations, productions, arrangements, etc., and various aspects for the various aspects. Embodiments, various detailed examples for realizing the embodiments, and the like. In addition, the logo, the detailed logo, or the musical score including the logo also includes various aspects of its production method or method of use, various embodiments for various aspects, various detailed examples for the embodiments, etc. . Hereinafter, various configurations and methods of various aspects, embodiments, and detailed examples of the marks, detailed marks, or musical scores including the marks will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
但是，针对本发明的各种标志、详细标志或者包括所述标志的乐谱的上述及下述的针对各种构成及各种方法的方面、实施例或者详细例分别仅仅是举例说明的。由此，在本发明中示例的所述标志、详细标志或者所述乐谱将如下全部包括在内：(1)可根据上述及下述的各种构成制作并使用的所有用于演奏乐器的标志、构成方法及使用方法；(2)可通过上述及下述的各种方法制作并使用的所有用于演奏乐器的标志或者各种乐谱；以及(3)具有相关领域的一般知识的本领域技术人员可通过容易变形本发明示例的各种所述方面、实施例或者详细例而获得的各种构成、各种制作方法及各种使用方法。However, the above-mentioned and following aspects, embodiments, or detailed examples of various configurations and various methods for various symbols, detailed symbols, or musical scores including the symbols of the present invention are merely illustrative. Therefore, the marks, detailed marks, or musical scores exemplified in the present invention include all of the following: (1) All marks for playing musical instruments that can be produced and used according to the above-mentioned and following various configurations , method of composition and method of use; (2) all signs or various music scores for playing musical instruments that can be made and used by the above and below various methods; Various configurations, various production methods, and various usage methods can be obtained by easily modifying various aspects, embodiments, or detailed examples of the examples of the present invention.
本发明的第一个方面作为用于演奏键盘乐器的标志及包括多个所述标志的标志套装，图1是各种标志及包括所述标志的标志套装30的概略图，所述标志套装30构成为将各种标志10附着于底板上面。尤其，所述标志10构成为提供为了执行特定音乐技巧或者实现表现而需要但没有包括在现有的乐谱中的或者无法仅用现有的记谱法来说明的如下信息：(1)针对上半身部位、下半身部位、躯干部位或者呼吸部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(2)针对所述部位的操作的信息；(3)与通过所述姿势或者操作的乐器的特定部分的操作相关的信息；或者(4)针对与所述姿势或者操作相关的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。The first aspect of the present invention is used as a sign for playing a keyboard instrument and a sign set including a plurality of said signs. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of various signs and a sign set 30 including said sign. It is configured to attach various signs 10 to the upper surface of the bottom plate. In particular, the markers 10 are configured to provide the following information that is required in order to perform a particular musical technique or achieve a performance but is not included in existing musical notation or cannot be accounted for using existing notation alone: (1) for the upper body Information about the anatomical posture of a part, lower body part, trunk part, or respiratory part; (2) information about the operation of said part; (3) information related to the operation of a specific part of the musical instrument through said posture or operation; Or (4) information on the player's overall posture and the like related to the posture or operation.
由此，当演奏者需要操作“上半身(或者下半身)部位”的情况下，所述标志10相当于包括(1)与所述“上半身(或者下半身)部位”的解剖学姿势相关的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志；(3)通过所述姿势或者操作的乐器的特定部分的操作；或者(4)与用于所述姿势或者操作的整体姿势相关的标志等的“上半身标志(或者下半身标志)”。Thus, when the player needs to operate the "upper body (or lower body) part", the mark 10 is equivalent to including (1) a mark related to the anatomical posture of the "upper body (or lower body) part"; 2) signs related to the operation of the part; (3) the operation of a specific part of the musical instrument through the gesture or operation; or (4) signs related to the overall gesture used for the gesture or operation, etc. " Upper body mark (or lower body mark)".
另外，当演奏者需要操作所述“躯干(或者呼吸)部位”的情况下，所述标志10相当于包括(1)与所述“躯干(或者呼吸)部位”的解剖学姿势相关的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志；(3)通过所述姿势或者操作的乐器的特定部分的操作；或者(4)与用于所述姿势或者操作的整体姿势相关的标志等的“躯干标志”(或者呼吸标志)。In addition, when the player needs to operate the "trunk (or breathing) part", the sign 10 is equivalent to include (1) a sign related to the anatomical posture of the "trunk (or breathing) part"; (2) signs related to the operation of the part; (3) the operation of a specific part of the musical instrument through the gesture or operation; or (4) signs related to the overall gesture used for the gesture or operation, etc. "Torso sign" (or breath sign).
所述标志套装30可以构成为各种大小、厚度或者形状。尤其，所述标志套装30的大小或者形状由其所包括的标志10的种类或者数量、标志10的大小或者形状来决定。此外，当所述套装30插入于乐谱时，其大小或者形状也可以由乐谱的大小或者形状来决定。此外，所述标志10可以配置于所述套装30的前面的一部分或全部，或者可以配置于后面的一部分或全部。此外，根据所述标志10之间的空空的空间的大小或者形状、数量、排列而使得所述标志套装30的底板和附着于所述底板的标志10的大小或者形状不同，不仅如此，也可以使得所述标志套装30的大小、形状、厚度不同。The sign set 30 can be configured in various sizes, thicknesses or shapes. In particular, the size or shape of the logo set 30 is determined by the type or quantity of the logos 10 contained therein, and the size or shape of the logos 10 . In addition, when the set 30 is inserted into the score, its size or shape can also be determined by the size or shape of the score. In addition, the logo 10 may be arranged on a part or all of the front of the suit 30, or may be arranged on a part or all of the rear. In addition, the bottom plate of the sign set 30 and the signs 10 attached to the bottom plate are different in size or shape according to the size or shape, number, and arrangement of the empty spaces between the signs 10, not only that, but also The size, shape and thickness of the sign set 30 are different.
演奏者可通过各种构成或者方法来使用所述标志10。图2的(a)的乐谱20包括类似于谱号、音符、降号、连音符等的记谱法上的记号及多个标志10，并且提供针对无法用现有的记谱法来详细说明的身体部位、与所述操作相关的所述身体部位的操作、与所述操作相关的所述身体部位的解剖学姿势或者与所述解剖学姿势相关的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。Players can use the marker 10 in various configurations or methods. The musical score 20 of Fig. 2 (a) includes notational marks 10 similar to clefs, notes, flats, tuplets, etc. information about the body part, the operation of the body part related to the operation, the anatomical posture of the body part related to the operation, or the overall posture of the player related to the anatomical posture.
作为所述第一个方面的第一个实施例，所述标志10可构成为印刷在乐谱20或者通过其他方式固定的形态。所述标志10可印刷在所属的音符或者记号的上端、下端或者其他部分，所述标志10印刷为与音符或者记号相比大、小或者类似的大小。此外，以与音符或者记号的形状、颜色不同的形式印刷所述标志10的形状、颜色。As a first embodiment of the first aspect, the mark 10 can be configured to be printed on the score 20 or fixed in other ways. The mark 10 can be printed on the upper end, lower end or other parts of the corresponding note or mark, and the mark 10 is printed to be larger, smaller or similar in size than the note or mark. In addition, the shape and color of the mark 10 are printed in a form different from the shape and color of musical notes or symbols.
如图2的(a)一样，所述标志10可包括由少量的文字构成的注释部12，并且构成为提供针对所述身体部位的解剖学姿势、所述身体部位的操作、乐器的特定部位的操作或者由此所需的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。当然，也可以适当地选定注释部12的形状、颜色或者大小。此外，注释部12可构成为具有与所述标志10和/或者如包括于所述标志10的图片、图标或者记号一样的详细标志相应的大小，或者具有不同的大小。此外，所述注释部12可配置于所述标志10和/或者包括于所述标志10的详细标志的上部、下部或者侧部，并且可根据需要配置于所述标志10或者详细标志的周围。As in (a) of FIG. 2 , the mark 10 may include an annotation portion 12 composed of a small amount of text, and is configured to provide information on the anatomical posture of the body part, the operation of the body part, and the specific parts of the musical instrument. Information such as the operation of the player or the overall posture of the player required thereby. Of course, the shape, color, or size of the annotation portion 12 may be appropriately selected. In addition, the annotation part 12 may be configured to have a size corresponding to the above-mentioned mark 10 and/or detailed marks such as pictures, icons or signs included in the above-mentioned mark 10, or may have a different size. In addition, the annotation part 12 may be arranged on the upper part, lower part or side part of the sign 10 and/or the detailed sign included in the sign 10, and may be arranged around the sign 10 or the detailed sign as required.
所述注释部的颜色可以与所述标志或者详细标志的颜色相同或者类似或者不同。此外，以与所述标志分开的物件的形式构成所述注释部，因此演奏者将所述标志和注释部一起附着于乐谱，或者也可以只将所述标志或者注释部中一个附着于所述乐谱。或者，各种标志(或者注释部)印刷在乐谱，一个以上的注释部(或者标志)以分开的物件的形式构成，从而演奏者也可以选择性地附着于乐谱。The color of the annotation part may be the same as or similar to or different from the color of the logo or detailed logo. In addition, the comment part is constituted as a separate object from the mark, so the performer attaches the mark and the comment part to the score, or only one of the mark or the comment part may be attached to the music score. sheet music. Alternatively, various marks (or notes) are printed on the score, and one or more notes (or marks) are formed as separate items so that the player can selectively attach them to the score.
此外，按一定顺序或者一定排列将多个标志附着于乐谱的特定部分，因此也可以提供针对多个身体部位的操作与所述操作相关的多个身体部位的解剖学姿势、乐器的多个部分的操作或者为此的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。In addition, a plurality of landmarks are attached to specific parts of the score in a certain order or in a certain arrangement, so it is also possible to provide an operation for multiple body parts, anatomical postures of multiple body parts, multiple parts of musical instruments, etc. Information such as the operation of the player or the overall posture of the player for this purpose.
作为所述方面的第二个实施例，所述标志10与乐谱20分开制作，并且可根据需要附着于乐谱20，图2的(b)是其的例子，左侧面板是当从上方观看所述套装30时的正面图，右侧面板是当沿着左侧面板的AA方向垂直地切割所述套装30时的截面图，尤其，所述右侧面板示出沿着AA方向将多个标志10拆卸的情况。所述标志套装30包括底板31和多个标志10，底板31具有前面36和后面37，多个标志10附着于所述底板31的前面36，所述标志10也具有前面16和后面17。As a second embodiment of the aspect, the sign 10 is made separately from the score 20, and can be attached to the score 20 as required. (b) of FIG. The front view of the suit 30, the right side panel is a cross-sectional view when the suit 30 is cut vertically along the AA direction of the left side panel, especially, the right side panel shows a plurality of logos along the AA direction 10 Disassembled case. The sign set 30 includes a base plate 31 having a front face 36 and a rear face 37 to which a plurality of signs 10 are attached and a plurality of signs 10 also having a front face 16 and a rear face 17 .
演奏者在所述标志套装30中选定适当的标志10后，可将其附着于乐谱20的音符或者记号的上端、下端或者其他部分。为此，将附着部13构成于所述标志10的后面17，将现有的粘附剂附加于所述附着部13，从而所述标志10附着于所述底板31，当然，可以构成为演奏者将其拆卸后附着于乐谱。此外，所述底板31的前面36构成为使得所述附着部13容易附着或分离。此外，当所述标志10的附着部13构成为不仅可以附着于乐谱20而且还可以从乐谱20分离时，也可以构成为演奏者从乐谱20去除已附着于乐谱20的标志10，或者将其分离后移动至乐谱20的其他部分，或者将其分离后可再使用。After the player selects an appropriate mark 10 in the mark set 30, he can attach it to the upper end, lower end or other parts of the notes or marks of the musical score 20. For this reason, the attachment part 13 is formed on the back face 17 of the said sign 10, and the existing adhesive is added to the said attachment part 13, so that the said sign 10 is attached to the said base plate 31. Certainly, it can be constituted as a playing or attach it to the sheet music after detaching it. In addition, the front surface 36 of the bottom plate 31 is configured such that the attachment part 13 is easily attached or detached. In addition, when the attaching portion 13 of the mark 10 is configured not only to be attached to the score 20 but also to be detachable from the score 20, the player may remove the mark 10 attached to the score 20 from the score 20 or remove it from the score 20. Move it to other parts of the score 20 after detaching, or it can be reused after detaching.
所述标志10可以由纸、塑料、金属等各种物质构成，在其前面16印刷有各种详细标志后，在其上面覆盖涂层，从而保护所述详细标志，或者可以构成为防水标志。此外，在所述标志10的后面17构成有附着部13，从而可构成为演奏者将所述标志10附着于乐谱20或者所述标志从乐谱20分离。此外，将所述标志10薄薄地制成，或者由透明或者半透明的塑料制作，因此可以构成为即使将所述标志10附着于乐谱20，乐谱20也至少部分可见。与此不同地，将所述标志10厚厚地制成或者由不透明的材料制作，因此在将所述标志10附着于乐谱20的情况下，其下面也可以不会透过。The sign 10 can be made of various materials such as paper, plastic, metal, etc. After printing various detailed signs on its front 16, it is covered with a coating to protect the detailed signs, or it can be constituted as a waterproof sign. In addition, an attachment portion 13 is formed on the rear surface 17 of the marker 10 , so that the player can attach the marker 10 to the score 20 or separate the marker from the score 20 . Furthermore, the mark 10 is made thinly, or is made of transparent or translucent plastic, so that the score 20 is at least partially visible even if the mark 10 is attached to the score 20 . In contrast to this, the marking 10 is made thick or is made of an opaque material, so that when the marking 10 is attached to the musical score 20 , the underside may not see through.
所述标志套装30的底板31也可以由纸、塑料、金属等制作，尤其，所述底板31的前面36可构成为与所述标志10的后面17容易附着及分离。为此，在所述底板31的前面36可涂覆与所述标志10的附着部13容易分离的物质。The bottom plate 31 of the sign set 30 can also be made of paper, plastic, metal, etc. In particular, the front 36 of the bottom plate 31 can be configured to be easily attached and separated from the back 17 of the sign 10 . For this purpose, the front surface 36 of the base plate 31 can be coated with a substance that is easily detachable from the attachment portion 13 of the sign 10 .
作为所述方面的第三个实施例，所述标志10的一部分印刷在乐谱20或者以固定为其他形态的形态提供给演奏者，另外，如第二个实施例一样，所述标志10的剩余部分是与乐谱20分开的物件，或者可构成为所述标志套装30的形态。据此，演奏者将特定标志10拆卸后附着于乐谱20，或者将拆卸下来的标志10附着于印刷在乐谱20的标志10上，从而也可以代替印刷的标志10。As a third embodiment of the aspect, a part of the mark 10 is printed on the score 20 or provided to the performer in a form fixed in other forms. In addition, like the second embodiment, the rest of the mark 10 Parts are separate items from the sheet music 20, or may be configured in the form of the marker set 30. Accordingly, the player can replace the printed mark 10 by detaching the specific mark 10 and attaching it to the score 20 , or attaching the detached mark 10 to the mark 10 printed on the score 20 .
所述第三个实施例可适用于所述注释部12。换句话说，所述注释部12仅一次印刷在乐谱20的特定部分或者经过特定次数仅印刷在多个部分，从而使得演奏者识别其，而不是使得与特定标志10相关的注释部12包括于特定标志10，相反，从标志10去除所述注释部12，因此可以使得所述标志10的大小最小化或者简单化。或者，使得特定数量的注释部12包括于所述标志套装30，或者只有特定数量的标志10包括所述注释部12，相反，也可以通过使得其他标志10不包括注释部12来使得标志10的大小最小化。The third embodiment is applicable to the comment section 12 . In other words, the comment section 12 is printed only once at a certain part of the musical score 20 or only at a plurality of sections over a certain number of times so that the player recognizes it, instead of having the comment section 12 related to a specific mark 10 included in Certain logos 10, on the contrary, remove the annotation portion 12 from the logo 10, so that the size of the logo 10 can be minimized or simplified. Or, make a specific number of annotations 12 included in the sign set 30, or only a specific number of signs 10 include the annotations 12, on the contrary, it is also possible to make other signs 10 not include the annotations 12 to make the signs 10 Size is minimized.
所述标志10可印刷或者附着于乐谱的各种部分。例如，所述标志10可印刷或者附着于与其相应的音符或者记号的正上方、下方。或者，所述标志10印刷或者附着于与其相应的音符的前方一点，因此可促进演奏者事先准备由此所需的上半身部位、下半身部位、躯干部位或者呼吸部位的操作。The logo 10 may be printed or attached to various parts of the musical score. For example, the logo 10 can be printed or attached directly above or below the corresponding musical notes or symbols. Alternatively, the mark 10 is printed or attached to a point in front of the corresponding musical note, thereby facilitating the player's preparation of the required upper body parts, lower body parts, trunk parts or breathing parts in advance.
本发明的针对用于演奏乐器的标志的第二个方面是作为各种用于演奏乐器的标志中一个的“上半身标志”，所述上半身标志是指与如上半身部位，即手指、手、胳膊等一样位于演奏者的身体上半身的各种上半身部位相关的标志。由此，所述上半身标志可以将如下标志全部包括在内：(1)与位于手指或者手指骨(指骨)、手背或者掌骨(中手骨)、手腕或者腕骨(手根骨)、前臂或者前臂骨(桡骨及尺骨)、上臂或者上膊骨(肱骨)、肩或者肩胛骨等上半身的各种身体部位的解剖学姿势相关的标志；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的标志；(3)与通过所述姿势或者操作的乐器的特定部分的操作相关的标志；或者(4)与所述姿势或者操作相关的标志等。所述上半身标志可以制作成包括于前面说明的标志套装，或者可以制作成分开的标志。The second aspect of the present invention directed to marks for playing a musical instrument is an "upper body mark" as one of various marks for playing a musical instrument. Etc. Marks related to various upper body parts located on the upper body of the player's body. Thus, the upper body landmarks can include all of the following landmarks: (1) those located on the fingers or finger bones (phalanges), the back of the hand or metacarpal bones (middle hand bones), wrist or carpal bones (hand root bones), forearm or forearm (2) Landmarks related to the manipulation of said parts; (3) A sign related to the operation of a specific part of the musical instrument through the gesture or operation; or (4) a sign related to the gesture or operation, etc. The upper body logo can be made as part of the logo set described above, or it can be made as a separate logo.
所述上半身标志可构成为包括：(1)作为直接描述所述信息的针对身体部位(即，上半身部位或者在解剖学方面或者含义上与所述上半身部位相关的非上半身人体部位)的解剖学图片的第一类图片、简化了所述第一类图片的第一类图标或者表示所述第一类图片或者第一类图标的其他第一类记号；(2)直接描述所述信息，但不是针对(1)的人体部位，而是作为针对与此相应的或者与此相关的动物的部位的解剖学图片的第二类图片、简化了所述第二类图片的第二类图标或者表示所述第二类图片或者第二类图标的其他第二类记号；或者(3)间接描述所述信息，但不属于(1)的人体部位或者(2)的动物的部位的第三类图片、简化了所述第三类图片的第三类图标或者表示所述第三类图片或者第三类图标的其他第三类记号等。The upper body landmarks may be configured to include: (1) as an anatomy for a body part (i.e., an upper body part or a non-upper body body part that is anatomically or meaningfully related to the upper body part) that directly describes the information First-type pictures of pictures, first-type icons that simplify the first-type pictures, or other first-type marks that represent the first-type pictures or first-type icons; (2) directly describe the information, but Not for the human body part of (1), but as a second type of picture for anatomical pictures of animal parts corresponding to or related to this, a second type of icon or representation that simplifies said second type of picture The second-type pictures or other second-type symbols of the second-type icons; or (3) third-type pictures that indirectly describe the information, but do not belong to (1) human body parts or (2) animal parts , simplifying the third-type icon of the third-type picture, or other third-type symbols representing the third-type picture or third-type icon, and the like.
由此，各种用于演奏乐器的标志中，所述第一类及第二类图片、第一类及第二类图标或者第一类及第二类记号通常与用于用特定音乐技巧来演奏所述乐器的“演奏者的姿势”相关，相反，所述第三类图片、第三类图标或者第三类记号通常可与所述姿势相关，不仅如此，而且还可以与通过所述乐器实现的特定“音乐表现”相关。当然，与此相反，用所述第三类图片、第三类图标或者第三类记号来传递针对演奏者的姿势的信息，或者也可以用所述第一类及第二类图片、第一类及第二类图标或者第一类及第二类记号来传递针对音乐表现的信息。Thus, among the various signs for playing musical instruments, the first and second types of pictures, the first and second types of icons, or the first and second types of symbols are usually related to The "player's posture" of playing the instrument, on the contrary, the third type of picture, third type of icon or third type of symbol can generally be related to the posture, not only that, but also can be related to the The specific "musical expression" achieved. Of course, on the contrary, use the third type of picture, the third type of icon or the third type of mark to transfer the information for the player's posture, or you can also use the first type and the second type of picture, the first type of Class and second class icons or first and second class notations to convey information specific to musical performance.
本发明的针对用于演奏乐器的标志的第三个方面也是“上半身标志”，所述上半身标志构成为向演奏键盘乐器的演奏者提供如下信息：(1)针对没有包括在现有的乐谱中的或者无法用现有的音乐记号来详细说明的上半身部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(2)与所述部位的操作相关的信息；(3)针对通过所述姿势或者操作的键盘乐器的特定部分的操作的信息；或者(4)针对用于所述姿势或者操作的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。由此，各种上半身标志可传递当演奏者执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现时所需的各种信息。A third aspect of the present invention directed to markers for playing musical instruments is also an "upper body marker" configured to provide a player playing a keyboard instrument with the following information: (1) information about the anatomical posture of the upper body part that cannot be specified by existing musical notation; (2) information related to the operation of the part; (3) specific information about the keyboard instrument through the posture or operation or (4) information on the player's overall posture or the like for the posture or operation. As such, the various upper body markers can convey various information needed when a player performs a specific musical technique or achieves a specific musical expression.
就钢琴而言，比起演奏者通过打击键盘而直接产生声音，其具有利用音锤和弦来产生声音的打击乐器特征。因为演奏者只有用特定的力或者速度以上打击键盘才能够发出声音，所以演奏者只能适当地操作打击键盘的力、速度、时间等。此外，所述力、速度、时间等不仅对键盘乐器所产生的声音的大小、时间等产生影响，还对所述声音的音色产生影响。由此，针对上半身部位的恰当的姿势、所述部位的操作及据此的键盘的操作等的上半身标志在键盘乐器演奏者执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现时传递非常重要的信息。The piano is characterized by a percussion instrument that produces sounds using hammers and strings, rather than directly producing sounds by the player striking the keyboard. Because the player can only produce sound by striking the keyboard with a specific force or speed, the player can only properly operate the force, speed, time, etc. of striking the keyboard. In addition, the force, speed, time, etc. not only affect the magnitude, time, etc. of the sound produced by the keyboard instrument, but also affect the timbre of the sound. Thus, upper body markers for proper posture of upper body parts, operation of said parts and corresponding keyboard operation convey very important information when a keyboard player performs a specific musical technique or achieves a specific musical expression.
下述的图3是针对各种上半身部位的解剖学姿势或者所述部位的操作的各种标志的示例，尤其是视觉上半身标志的示例。为了便于说明，从此以后，两只手的一号手指称为拇指，以下将食指称为二号手指，将中指称为三号手指，将无名指称为四号手指，将小拇指称为五号手指。Figure 3, described below, is an example of various landmarks, particularly visual upper body landmarks, for the anatomical posture of various upper body parts or the manipulation of said parts. For the sake of explanation, from now on, the first finger of both hands is called the thumb, the index finger is called the second finger, the middle finger is called the third finger, the ring finger is called the fourth finger, and the little finger is called the fifth finger .
所述第三个方面的第一个实施例是针对依据手肌肉、骨及腱的解剖学结构的手指指法的各种标志，图3的(a)的标志10A是针对手的肌肉及腱的解剖学结构的第一类图片的示例。The first embodiment of the third aspect is aimed at various signs of finger fingering based on the anatomical structure of hand muscles, bones and tendons, and the sign 10A of Fig. 3 (a) is for the muscles and tendons of the hand An example of a first class picture of an anatomical structure.
所述侧面的第二个实施例是针对胳膊的位置标志，图3的(b)的标志10A是大致相当于第三类图片或者第三类图标的量角器，提供针对前臂的优选位置的信息。尤其，所述标志10A印刷或者附着于演奏者使用四号(或者五号)手指的音符上部或者下部或其他容易识别的位置，据此，可以使得演奏者手腕、胳膊等的肌肉疲劳最小化，尤其，当用如四号(或者五号)手指一样很难单独使用的手指来打击键盘时，使得手腕或者胳膊的位置产生变化，从而进行优选的打击。The second embodiment of the side is a position mark for the arm, and the mark 10A of FIG. 3( b ) is a protractor roughly equivalent to a third type of picture or a third type of icon, providing information on the preferred position of the forearm. In particular, said mark 10A is printed or attached to the upper or lower part of the note where the player uses the fourth (or fifth) finger or other easily identifiable positions, thereby minimizing the muscle fatigue of the player's wrist, arm, etc. Especially, when striking the keyboard with a finger that is difficult to use alone like the fourth (or fifth) finger, the position of the wrist or arm is changed, thereby performing a preferred strike.
所述方面的第三个实施例是针对手指姿势的标志，图3的(c)的标志10B作为针对演奏者打击键盘之前的手指的姿势的第二类图片或者第二类图标的示例，示出青蛙跳起来之前的坐姿的例子。The third embodiment of said aspect is for the sign of the finger posture, and the sign 10B of (c) of Fig. 3 is as an example of the second type of picture or the second type of icon for the gesture of the finger before the player strikes the keyboard, showing Give an example of the frog's sitting position before jumping.
所述方面的第四个实施例是针对手掌和手指的姿势的标志，图3的(d-1)的标志10A作为针对手的肌肉及腱的解剖学结构的第二类图片或者第二类图标的示例，乌龟的背意味着演奏者的手背，乌龟的脖子意味着演奏者的手腕，并且乌龟的腿及尾巴意味着演奏者的手指。标志10B也作为第二类图片或者第二类图标的示例，是包括描述乌龟的脖子的移动的图标等的追加详细标志11的情况。标志10C作为第一类图片，是演奏者的手背和所述(d-1)或者(d-2)的标志10A或者标志10B结合的混合标志，传递如所述乌龟背一样牢牢地维持打击键盘时的手和手背的信息。The fourth embodiment of said aspect is for the signs of the posture of the palm and fingers, and the sign 10A of (d-1) of FIG. As an example of icons, the back of the turtle means the back of the player's hand, the neck of the turtle means the wrist of the player, and the legs and tail of the turtle mean the fingers of the player. The mark 10B is also an example of a second-type image or a second-type icon, and includes an additional detailed mark 11 such as an icon describing the movement of the turtle's neck. The symbol 10C, as the first type of image, is a hybrid symbol combining the back of the player's hand and the symbol 10A or 10B of (d-1) or (d-2), and delivers the blow firmly like the turtle's back Information on the hands and the back of the hand when keyboarding.
所述方面的第五个实施例是针对打击键盘前后的手腕和胳膊的角度的标志，图3的(e-1)的标志10A作为针对演奏者打击键盘的瞬间或者打击前后的手腕和胳膊的角度及姿势的第二类图片或者第二类图标的示例，表示青蛙的跳姿。(e-2)的标志10B作为针对演奏者打击键盘的瞬间的手腕和胳膊的角度的标志，是混用表示打击键盘的第一类图片和作为(e-1)的标志10A的跳跃的青蛙的图片或者图标的标志。此外，(e-3)的标志10C和(e-4)的标志10D传递演奏者打击键盘的速度或者时间上存在差异的信息。The fifth embodiment of said aspect is aimed at the sign of the angle of the wrist and arm before and after striking the keyboard, and the sign 10A of (e-1) in Fig. 3 is used as the moment when the player strikes the keyboard or the angle of the wrist and arm before and after striking the keyboard. An example of a second category of pictures or icons of a second category of angles and poses, representing the frog's jumping posture. The symbol 10B of (e-2) is used as a symbol of the angle of the wrist and arm at the moment when the player hits the keyboard, and the first type of picture showing the keyboard hitting is mixed with the jumping frog which is the symbol 10A of (e-1). Logo for picture or icon. Also, the symbol 10C of (e-3) and the symbol 10D of (e-4) convey information that there is a difference in the speed or timing at which the player strikes the keyboard.
所述方面的第六个实施例是针对手指姿势，尤其针对位于手的两端的一号及五号手指姿势的标志，图3的(f-1)的标志10A或者标志10B是针对当演奏者用一号或者五号手指来打击键盘时需使用的各种肌肉的第一类图片的示例。The sixth embodiment of said aspect is aimed at the gestures of the fingers, especially for the signs of the No. 1 and No. 5 finger positions located at the two ends of the hand. The sign 10A or sign 10B of (f-1) in FIG. 3 is aimed at when the player An example of a first-class picture of the various muscles used to strike the keyboard with fingers one or five.
图3的(f-2)的标志10D作为针对当演奏者用一号或者五号手指来演奏时施加力的姿势的第一类图片或者第一类图标的示例，所述标志10D描述因用力而收缩的状态的肱二头肌。当然，肱二头肌是与手指不同的解剖学部位，但是所述肱二头肌在含义上与手指的操作有关，因此相当于第一类图片或者第一类图标。另外，(f-3)的标志10E传递当演奏者打击键盘时施加适当的力的同时操作胳膊的角度的信息。The sign 10D of (f-2) of Fig. 3 is as an example of the first type of picture or the first type of icon for the gesture of exerting force when the player uses No. 1 or No. 5 fingers to play, and the sign 10D describes While contracting the biceps brachii. Of course, the biceps brachii is a different anatomical part than the fingers, but said biceps brachii is meaningfully related to the operation of the fingers and thus corresponds to a first type of picture or a first type of icon. In addition, the symbol 10E of (f-3) conveys the information of the angle at which the player operates the arm while applying an appropriate force when striking the keyboard.
所述方面的第七个实施例是针对手指姿势的标志，(g-1)的标志10A是示出一号手指下面肌肉的位置及结构的第一类图片，(g-2)的标志10B是具有与所述肌肉类似的形状的鱼形状的第二类图片或者第二类图标。除此之外，可以对利用注释部训练所述肌肉的力的练习方法进行说明。(g-3)的标志10D至标志10G是将(g-2)的鱼形状的标志10B和箭头混合的第二类图标。此外，表示右转的标志10D及标志10F、表示左转的标志10E及标志10G通常是包括针对左手一号手指操作的信息的标志。The seventh embodiment of said aspect is a sign for finger gestures, the sign 10A of (g-1) is the first type of picture showing the position and structure of the muscles under the number one finger, the sign 10B of (g-2) is a second-type picture or second-type icon in the shape of a fish having a similar shape to the muscle. In addition, an exercise method for training the strength of the muscle using the comment section can be described. The symbols 10D to 10G of (g-3) are second-type icons in which the fish-shaped symbol 10B of (g-2) and an arrow are mixed. In addition, the sign 10D and the sign 10F indicating a right turn, and the sign 10E and the sign 10G indicating a left turn are usually signs including information for operation with the first finger of the left hand.
所述方面的第八个实施例是针对掌关节的标志，图3的(h)的标志10B是在棒球手套混合手骨及掌关节等的第三类图片或者第三类图标。The eighth embodiment of this aspect is the mark for the palm joint. The mark 10B in (h) of FIG.
所述方面的第九个实施例是针对打击键盘时的力和时间的标志，图3的(i-1)的标志10A作为第二类图片，传递如鹰喙一样用手指用力地打击键盘的信息，(i-2)的标志10B作为第二类图片，传递如鹰喙一样竖起手指的状态下打击键盘的信息。The ninth embodiment of said aspect is aimed at the sign of force and time when hitting the keyboard, and the sign 10A of (i-1) in Fig. 3 is used as the second type of picture, conveying the image of striking the keyboard with fingers vigorously like an eagle's beak. Information, the sign 10B of (i-2), as the second type of picture, conveys the information of hitting the keyboard under the state of raising the finger like an eagle's beak.
所述方面的第十个实施例也是针对打击键盘的力和时间的标志，图3的(j-1)的标志10A作为第二类图片，传递如鹰爪一样用力地打击键盘的信息，(j-2)的标志10B传递如下信息：如鹰爪一样打击键盘，从而使得声音更加准确且清晰地振动。The tenth embodiment of said aspect is also aimed at the sign of the force and time of beating the keyboard. The sign 10A of (j-1) of FIG. The sign 10B of j-2) conveys the information that the keyboard is hit like an eagle's talons, so that the sound vibrates more accurately and clearly.
如上所述的本发明的第三个方面的各种用于演奏键盘乐器的上半身标志除了所述图3中示例的各种实施例及与其相关而示例的各种详细例之外，还包括下面要说明的各种改良(也包括变形)。The various upper body signs for playing keyboard instruments according to the third aspect of the present invention as described above include the following in addition to the various embodiments illustrated in FIG. 3 and the various detailed examples related thereto. Various improvements (including deformations) to be described.
所述第三个方面的第一个改良是适当的注释部的制作及利用。换句话说，可利用所述注释部来提供各种静态或者动态信息。The first improvement of the third aspect is the creation and utilization of appropriate comment sections. In other words, various static or dynamic information can be provided using the annotation section.
所述方面的第二个改良是通过使得所述上半身标志简单化、漫画化或者具体化而进行的变形或者改良。为此，所述上半身标志包括如上所述的第一类图片、第一类图标或者第一类记号、如上所述的第二类图片、第二类图标或者第二类记号、如上所述的第三类图片、第三类图标或者第三类记号等。由此，表示演奏者的上半身部位的特定种类的图片可通过简单化或者漫画化而容易变形或者改良为相同的种类的图标或者相同的种类的记号。例如，作为示出手指肌肉的第一类图片的图3的(f-1)的标志10B或者标志10C可通过简单化作业而容易变形为传递相同信息的第一类的图标。作为又另一个例子，表示演奏者的上半身部位的特定种类图片将图片的对象变换为动物或者无生物，因此可变换为其他种类的图片。与此相反，将特定种类的图片、图标或者记号从无生物的对象动物化到动物或者人性化为人类，或者将对象从动物变为人性化，因此可变换为其他种类的图片、图标或者记号。作为又另一个例子，表示演奏者的上半身部位的特定种类的特定标志不仅可通过对象的简单化、漫画化或者具体化变换为不同种类的不同标志，还可以通过对象的人性化、动物化或者无生物化变换为不同种类的不同标志。The second improvement of the aspect is a deformation or improvement by making the upper body emblem simplified, caricatured or embodied. For this reason, the upper body signs include the above-mentioned first-type pictures, first-type icons or first-type marks, the above-mentioned second-type pictures, second-type icons or second-type marks, the above-mentioned The third type of picture, the third type of icon or the third type of mark, etc. As a result, a specific type of picture representing the player's upper body can be easily transformed or improved into the same type of icon or the same type of symbol by simplification or caricature. For example, the symbol 10B or symbol 10C in (f-1) of FIG. 3 (f-1), which is a first-type picture showing finger muscles, can be easily transformed into a first-type icon conveying the same information by simplifying the work. As yet another example, a specific type of picture representing a player's upper body parts changes the object of the picture to an animal or an inanimate object, and thus may be changed into another type of picture. Contrary to this, animalizing a particular kind of picture, icon or sign from an inanimate object to an animal or anthropomorphic to a human, or changing an object from an animal to anthropomorphic, so that it can be transformed into another kind of picture, icon or sign . As yet another example, a specific symbol representing a specific type of player's upper body parts can be transformed into different symbols of different types not only through simplification, caricature, or concretization of the object, but also through humanization, animalization, or Inanimate transforms into different signs of different species.
就所述方面的第三个改良而言，用透明或者半透明材料制作所述上半身标志，从而在附着有所述标志的状态下也可以阅读被所述标志遮盖的音符或者音乐记号。此外，用透明材料或者半透明材料制作的所述上半身标志也可以用作调节声音的强弱的标志。As for the third improvement of the above aspect, the upper body mark is made of transparent or translucent material, so that the musical notes or music symbols covered by the mark can be read even when the mark is attached. In addition, the upper body mark made of transparent material or translucent material can also be used as a mark for adjusting the intensity of sound.
就本发明的第三个方面的第四个改良而言，对上半身标志的边缘或者背景的形状或者颜色进行操作，从而传递更多的信息。换句话说，对各个标志的边缘或者背景的形状或者颜色进行操作，因此特定种类的图片、图标或者记号也可以提供不同的追加信息。As for the fourth improvement of the third aspect of the present invention, the edge of the upper body logo or the shape or color of the background is manipulated, so as to convey more information. In other words, the shape or color of the edge or background of each logo is manipulated, so that a specific type of picture, icon or mark can also provide different additional information.
就所述方面的第五个改良而言，用具有弹性的材料制作所述上半身标志。例如，在用具有弹性的材料制作上半身标志后，沿着横向、纵向或者斜线方向对其进行延伸并附着，因此演奏的大小可传递针对时间的信息。As a fifth improvement of the aspect, the upper body emblem is made of elastic material. For example, after the upper body logo is made of elastic material, it is stretched and attached in the horizontal, vertical or diagonal direction, so the size of the performance can convey information for time.
就所述方面的第六个改良而言，以使得如上所述的各种上半身标志适合于演奏者的身体特性的形式制作。Regarding the sixth improvement of the aspect, it is made in such a form that the various upper body marks as described above are adapted to the player's physical characteristics.
所述方面的第七个改良是包括多个如上所述的上半身标志的标志套装的构成及所述标志套装的配置。换句话说，将包括多个标志的一张或者许多张的标志套装沿着另外的一侧配置于乐谱的前半部、后半部或者中央，或者也可以将由一张或者许多张构成的标志套装配置于乐谱的多个部分。The seventh improvement of said aspect is the composition of a logo suit including a plurality of upper body logos as described above and the configuration of said logo suit. In other words, one or a plurality of marker sets including a plurality of markers may be placed in the front half, the second half or the center of the score along the other side, or a marker set consisting of one or a plurality of markers may be arranged. Arranged in multiple parts of the score.
就所述方面的第八个改良而言，提供演奏者可利用触觉而不是视觉来识别的触觉标志。例如，各种第一类至第三类图片、图标或者记号等的视觉标志可通过在所述标志增加凹凸或者浮雕等而转换为传递相同的或者类似的信息的触觉标志。In an eighth improvement of the aspect, there are provided tactile markers that a player can recognize by touch rather than vision. For example, visual marks of various first to third types of pictures, icons, or signs can be converted into tactile signs that convey the same or similar information by adding concavo-convex or embossing to the marks.
此外，所述触觉标志可构成为不仅视觉障碍者而且一般演奏者也使用。例如，在仅用平面的视觉标志来很难充分传递针对特定音乐技巧或者音乐表现的信息的情况下，将另外的触觉标志附着于视觉标志附近，或者也可以构成混用视觉标志和触觉标志的标志。Furthermore, the tactile markers can be configured to be used by not only visually impaired persons but also ordinary players. For example, where it is difficult to adequately convey information specific to a specific musical technique or musical performance with only a flat visual sign, additional tactile signs may be attached near the visual sign, or a sign that uses both visual and tactile signs may be constructed .
就所述方面的第九个改良而言，利用如上所述的各种上半身标志向演奏者传递打击键盘的特定部分，即中央部分、上部或者下部的信息。例如，可以用文字在表4的(d-3)、(i-2)或者(j-2)等的标志上说明将要打击的键盘部分，或者用图片或者图标来表示所述部分。With regard to the ninth improvement of said aspect, the various upper body markers as described above are used to convey to the player the information of hitting a specific part of the keyboard, ie, the central part, the upper part or the lower part. For example, the part of the keyboard to be hit can be illustrated on the signs (d-3), (i-2) or (j-2) etc. of Table 4 with text, or the part can be represented with a picture or an icon.
本发明的针对各种标志的第四个方面是向键盘乐器演奏者传递如下信息的各种躯干标志：(1)针对各种躯干部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(2)针对与所述姿势相关的所述躯干部位的操作的信息；(3)针对通过所述姿势或者操作的键盘乐器的特定部分的操作的信息；或者(4)针对用于所述姿势或者操作的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。下述的图4作为针对各种躯干部位的姿势或者操作的各种标志的示例，主要是针对与钢琴演奏相关的各种躯干视觉标志的示例。A fourth aspect of the present invention directed to landmarks are torso landmarks that communicate to keyboard players: (1) information on the anatomical posture of various body parts; Information related to the operation of the body part; (3) information for the operation of a specific part of the keyboard instrument through the gesture or operation; or (4) the overall posture of the player for the gesture or operation and other information. The following FIG. 4 is an example of various signs for postures or operations of various parts of the body, and is mainly an example of various visual signs of the body related to piano performance.
所述第四个方面的第一个实施例是针对依据作为躯干部位的肩(或者背)的肌肉或者腱的解剖学结构的肩(或者背)的姿势或者操作的标志，图4的(a-1)至(a-3)的标志为其的示例。例如，图4的(a-1)的标志10A是使得肩和背的骨头及肌肉、与其相连接的胳膊的骨头及肌肉的解剖学结构简单化的第一类图标的示例，所述标志10A提供如下信息：因为演奏者的手指与胳膊、肩或者背相连接，所以在打击键盘时不仅需要手指的操作，还需要胳膊、肩或者背的操作。(a-2)的标志10B是使得标志10A简单化的第一类图标，并且传递如下信息：在打击键盘时，如鹰展开翅膀一样采取肩和背的姿势打击键盘。(a-3)的标志10C可以视为使得标志10A或者标志10B简单化的第一类图标的示例或者简单化。The first embodiment of the fourth aspect is aimed at the posture or operation of the shoulder (or back) according to the anatomical structure of the muscles or tendons of the shoulder (or back) as the trunk part, Fig. 4 (a The symbols -1) to (a-3) are examples thereof. For example, the symbol 10A of (a-1) of FIG. Information is provided that since the player's fingers are connected to the arm, shoulder or back, not only the operation of the fingers but also the operation of the arm, shoulder or back is required when hitting the keyboard. The symbol 10B of (a-2) is the first type of icon that simplifies the symbol 10A, and conveys the message that when hitting the keyboard, strike the keyboard with the posture of shoulders and back like an eagle spreading its wings. The logo 10C of (a-3) can be regarded as an example or simplification of the first type of icon that simplifies the logo 10A or the logo 10B.
所述方面的第二个实施例是针对作为躯干部位的肩或者背的姿势的标志，图4的(b)的标志10A作为使得肩和背的整体姿势简单化的第一类图标的示例，传递从坐姿降低肩膀的信息。The second embodiment of this aspect is aimed at the sign of the posture of the shoulder or the back as a body part, and the sign 10A in (b) of FIG. 4 is an example of the first type of icon that simplifies the overall posture of the shoulder and back, Sends the message of lowering the shoulders from a sitting position.
所述方面的第三个实施例也可以通过包括具体化的解剖学信息的第一类至第三类图片来传递针对背或者肩等的各种躯干部位的解剖学姿势的信息或者针对用于所述姿势的所述部位的操作的信息。In the third embodiment of the aspect, the information about the anatomical postures of various trunk parts such as the back or the shoulders can also be transmitted through the first to third types of pictures including the embodied anatomical information, or the information for the Information about the operation of the part of the gesture.
如上所述的本发明的第四个方面的各种用于演奏键盘乐器的躯干标志除了图4中示例的各种实施例及与其相关而示例的各种详细例之外，还包括下面说明的各种改良(包括变形)。The various torso markers for playing keyboard instruments according to the fourth aspect of the present invention as described above, in addition to the various embodiments illustrated in FIG. 4 and the various detailed examples illustrated in relation thereto, also include the following Various improvements (including deformations).
所述第四个方面的第一个改良是适当的注释部的制作及利用，其与如上所述的第三个方面的改良相同或者类似。由此省略进一步的详细的说明。The first improvement of the fourth aspect is the creation and use of an appropriate annotation part, which is the same as or similar to the improvement of the third aspect described above. Further detailed description is therefore omitted.
所述方面的第二个改良是所述躯干标志的变形或者改良。例如，如与所述躯干部位相关的图片、图标或者记号等一样的躯干标志以及其所包括的各种详细标志也是与针对如上所述的第三个方面的各种上半身标志的第二个变形或者改良类似地，可通过简单化、漫画化或者具体化而变形或者改良为相同的纸或者不同的纸的图片、图标或者记号形态的躯干标志。A second modification of said aspect is a modification or modification of said torso landmark. For example, the torso marks, such as the pictures, icons or signs related to the torso parts, and the various detailed marks included therein are also the second variant of the various upper body marks for the third aspect as described above. Or Improvement Similarly, the torso mark can be transformed or improved into a picture, icon or symbol form of the same paper or a different paper by simplification, caricature or embodiment.
所述方面的第三个改良是用透明或者半透明材料制作所述各种躯干标志，第四个改良是对所述躯干标志的边缘或者背景的形状或者颜色进行操作，从而通过特定数量的躯干标志传递更加多的信息，第五个改良是用具有弹性的材料制作所述躯干标志。通过所述第三个至第五个改良的各种躯干标志与通过如上所述的第三个方面的第三个至第五个改良的上半身标志只是所表示的身体部位不同，其他特性是相同或者类似，因此省略详细说明。The third improvement of the aspect is to make the various torso marks with transparent or translucent materials, and the fourth improvement is to manipulate the shape or color of the edge or background of the torso marks, so that through a specific number of torso marks The logo conveys more information, and the fifth improvement is to make the torso logo with elastic material. The various torso landmarks modified through the third to fifth aspects are different from the upper body landmarks modified through the third to fifth aspects of the third aspect as described above only in the body parts represented, other characteristics are the same or similar, so detailed description is omitted.
所述方面的第六个改良是以符合演奏者的个别特性的形式制作如上所述的各种躯干标志，第七个改良涉及包括多个如上所述的躯干标志的标志套装的构成及所述标志套装的配置，第八个改良是制作演奏者可利用触觉而不是视觉而识别所述各种躯干标志的触觉躯干标志。通过所述第四个方面的第六个至第八个改良的各种躯干标志与如上所述的第三个方面的第六个至第八个改良的上半身标志只是所表示的身体部位不同，其他特性也是相同或者类似，因此省略详细的说明。The sixth improvement of said aspect is to make various torso marks as described above in a form that conforms to the individual characteristics of the player, and the seventh improvement relates to the composition of a mark set including a plurality of torso marks as described above and the The configuration of the marker set, the eighth improvement is to make tactile torso markers that the player can recognize the various torso markers by touch instead of vision. The various torso signs modified by the sixth to eighth aspects of said fourth aspect differ from the sixth to eighth improved upper body signs of the third aspect as described above only in the body parts represented, Other features are also the same or similar, and thus detailed descriptions are omitted.
针对本发明的各种标志的第五个方面是向演奏键盘乐器的演奏者传递如下信息的各种下半身标志：(1)针对下半身部位的操作的信息；(2)针对与所述操作相关的所述下半身部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(3)针对通过所述操作及姿势的键盘乐器的特定部分的操作的信息；或者(4)针对用于所述姿势或者操作等的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。键盘乐器包括演奏者可用下半身部位操作的一定数量的踏板，在执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现时，所述下半身部位的姿势和操作及据此的所述踏板的各种操作也可以与上半身部位的姿势及据此的键盘操作一样发挥重要的作用。A fifth aspect of the various signs of the present invention is various lower body signs that convey the following information to the player playing the keyboard instrument: (1) information for the operation of the lower body parts; (2) information for the operation related to said operation Information on the anatomical posture of the lower body part; (3) information on the operation of a specific part of the keyboard instrument through the operation and posture; or (4) information on the overall performance of the player for the posture or operation, etc. information about posture, etc. A keyboard instrument includes a certain number of pedals that a player can operate with the lower body parts, the posture and operation of the lower body parts and the various operations of the pedals accordingly can also be connected with the upper body when performing a specific musical technique or achieving a specific musical expression. The posture of the parts and the keyboard operation accordingly play an important role.
通常，钢琴包括排成一列的右侧踏板、中间踏板及左侧踏板等三个踏板，尤其，在大钢琴的情况下，右侧踏板称为延音踏板或者制音(damper)踏板，中间踏板称为持音(sostenuto)踏板，左侧踏板称为弱音踏板。右侧踏板作为延音踏板，若演奏者踩踏所述右侧踏板，则使得弱音装置得不到激活，从而使得弦的音响丰富，或者可以产生仅用手指打击而无法连接的多个音连接的连音(legato)效果。此外，若演奏者打击特定键盘并打击分配给该特定键盘的弦后踩踏中间踏板，则所述中间踏板直到演奏者将脚从所述中间踏板松开为止使得所述弦继续振动。左侧踏板是弱音踏板，若演奏者踩踏左侧踏板，则键盘稍微移动，据此，音锤在多个(即2-3个)弦中只打击一部分(即，1-2个)，并且使得音量弱化。Generally, a piano includes three pedals, a right pedal, a middle pedal, and a left pedal arranged in a row. Especially, in the case of a grand piano, the right pedal is called a sustain pedal or a damper pedal, and the middle pedal The sostenuto pedal is called the sostenuto pedal, and the left pedal is called the soft pedal. The right pedal is used as a sustain pedal, and if the player steps on the right pedal, the mute device will not be activated, so that the sound of the strings is rich, or it is possible to produce multiple tones that cannot be connected by finger strikes. Legato effect. Furthermore, if the player steps on the middle pedal after hitting a specific keyboard and hitting the strings assigned to the specific keyboard, the middle pedal continues to vibrate the strings until the player releases his foot from the middle pedal. The left side pedal is a soft pedal, if the player steps on the left side pedal, then the keyboard moves slightly, accordingly, the hammer only strikes a part (i.e., 1-2) among a plurality of (i.e. 2-3) strings, and make the volume weaker.
由此，根据演奏者将哪个下半身部位用何种姿势施加多少力如何操作所述踏板而使得发出的音的强度、长度、音响、音色等不同。尽管如此，现有的记谱法及现有的音乐记号仅提供用脚踩踏特定踏板并松开的程度的信息，并不传递比这个更详细的信息。Thus, depending on which part of the lower body, in which posture, how much force is exerted and how the player operates the pedals, the strength, length, sound, timbre, etc. of the sound to be produced are different. Nevertheless, existing notation and existing musical notation only provide information on the degree to which a particular pedal is pressed and released with the foot, and do not convey more detailed information than this.
本发明的第五个方面示例各种下半身标志，各种下半身标志传递针对为了执行各种音乐技巧或者实现各种音乐表现而所需的各种下半身部位的解剖学姿势、所述下半身部位的操作、通过所述姿势或者操作的乐器的特定部分的操作或者用于所述姿势或者操作的演奏者的整体姿势的信息。A fifth aspect of the present invention exemplifies various lower body landmarks conveying anatomical postures, manipulations of said lower body parts required to perform various musical techniques or achieve various musical expressions , the operation of a specific part of the musical instrument by the gesture or operation or information on the overall posture of the player for the gesture or operation.
所述第五个方面的第一个实施例中，将所述第三个方面的各种上半身标志用作下半身标志。换句话说，上半身标志的大部分也可以用作下半身标志，上半身标志传递针对打击键盘的上半身部位的姿势、用于所述姿势的所述上半身部位的操作、通过所述姿势或者操作的键盘乐器特定部分的操作或者用于实现其的演奏者的整体姿势的信息，下半身标志传递针对用于打击踏板的下半身部位的解剖学姿势、用于所述姿势的所述下半身部位的操作、通过所述姿势或者操作的键盘乐器特定部分的操作或者用于实现其的演奏者的整体姿势的信息。In the first embodiment of the fifth aspect, various upper body marks of the third aspect are used as lower body marks. In other words, most of the upper body markers can also be used as lower body markers, the upper body markers convey gestures for the upper body parts striking the keyboard, operations of the upper body parts for the gestures, keyboard instruments through the gestures or operations The operation of a specific part or the information of the overall posture of the player used to achieve it, the lower body flag conveys the anatomical posture for the lower body part used to strike the pedal, the operation of the lower body part for the posture, through the Gesture or operation of a specific part of the keyboard instrument operated or information of the player's overall posture for realizing it.
例如，所述第三个方面的图3的(b)的胳膊位置相关的上半身标志也可以用作提供脚位置信息的下半身标志。同样地，与手掌或者手指姿势相关的图3的(d-1)至(d-3)的乌龟形状上半身标志也可以用作提供针对当用脚打击踏板时的脚趾、脚背等的姿势的信息的下半身标志。提供针对手腕和胳膊的角度的信息的图3的(e-1)至(e-5)的青蛙形状上半身标志也可以用作提供针对用脚打击踏板的之前或者之后的脚踝和脚的角度的信息的下半身标志。此外，提供针对在打击键盘时向手指、手背或者手腕施加的力的信息的图3的(f-1)至(f-3)的肱二头肌形状的上半身标志也可以用作传递针对在用脚踩踏踏板时向脚趾、脚背或者脚踝施加的力的信息的下半身标志。For example, the arm position-related upper body markers in (b) of FIG. 3 of the third aspect may also be used as lower body markers providing foot position information. Likewise, the turtle-shaped upper body marks of (d-1) to (d-3) of FIG. 3 related to palm or finger postures can also be used to provide information for postures of toes, insteps, etc. when hitting pedals with feet lower body logo. The frog-shaped upper body markers of (e-1) to (e-5) of FIG. 3 that provide information on the angles of the wrists and arms can also be used to provide information on the angles of the ankles and feet before or after hitting the pedals with the feet. Informational lower body logo. In addition, the biceps-shaped upper body markers of (f-1) to (f-3) of FIG. Lower body symbol for information on the force applied to the toes, instep or ankle when pedaling with the foot.
此外，针对用一号手指打击键盘的力及姿势的图3的(g-1)至(g-3)的上半身标志也可以用作提供针对在用大脚趾踩踏踏板时或稍微扭曲脚踝而踩踏踏板时向踏板施加的力及施加所述力的姿势的信息的下半身标志。提供针对打击键盘的手指及手腕关节的姿势的信息的图3的(h)的棒球手套形状的上半身标志也可以用作提供针对当用脚踩踏踏板时的脚趾或者脚踝关节的姿势及其操作的信息的下半身标志。In addition, the upper body signs of (g-1) to (g-3) in Figure 3 for the force and posture of hitting the keyboard with the number one finger can also be used to provide guidance for pedaling when pedaling with the big toe or slightly twisting the ankle. Lower body flag for information on the force applied to the pedals when pedaling and the posture in which the force is applied. The baseball glove-shaped upper body sign of FIG. 3 (h) that provides information on the gestures of the fingers and wrist joints that hit the keyboard can also be used as a guideline that provides information on the gestures of the toes or ankle joints when pedaling with the feet and their operation. Informational lower body logo.
但是，在将所述上半身标志用作第五个方面的各种下半身标志的情况下，为了防止混淆，上半身标志和下半身标志可以构成为(1)具有相互不同的形状或者颜色；或者(2)具有相互不同的形状或者颜色的背景或者边缘；或者(3)具有相互不同的图片、图标或者记号等的详细标志。另外，在各种图片、图标或者记号中，第一类、第二类或者第三类的特定种类可以始终用作上半身标志，另外,剩余的种类可以始终用作下半身标志，与此不同地，第一类、第二类或者第三类的图片、图标或者记号中，特定图片或图标或者记号可以始终用作上半身标志，另外，剩余的图片、图标或者记号可以始终用作下半身标志。However, in the case of using the upper body mark as the various lower body marks of the fifth aspect, in order to prevent confusion, the upper body mark and the lower body mark may be configured to (1) have mutually different shapes or colors; or (2) Backgrounds or borders with mutually different shapes or colors; or (3) detailed signs with mutually different pictures, icons or marks, etc. In addition, among various pictures, icons, or symbols, a specific type of the first, second, or third type can always be used as an upper body mark, and the remaining types can always be used as a lower body mark. Among the pictures, icons or signs of the first, second or third categories, specific pictures, icons or signs can always be used as upper body signs, and the remaining pictures, icons or signs can always be used as lower body signs.
就所述第五个方面的第二个实施例而言，通过使得所述上半身标志简单化、漫画化或者具体化来构成所述下半身标志。此时，所述下半身标志无需和与此相应的上半身标志相同或者类似。换句话说，因为针对手指或者手腕关节的棒球手套形状的上半身标志无需一定仅用作针对在用脚踩踏踏板时的脚趾或者脚踝关节的姿势及其操作的标志。因此，可以通过使得所述上半身标志简单化、漫画化或者具体化来构成所述下半身标志。例如，可通过使得表示演奏者上半身部位的第一类、第二类或者第三类的图片简单化或者漫画化来容易构成类似于相同的种类的图标或者相同的种类记号的下半身标志。As for the second embodiment of the fifth aspect, the lower body symbol is formed by making the upper body symbol simplified, caricatured or specific. At this time, the lower body mark need not be the same as or similar to the corresponding upper body mark. In other words, because the baseball glove-shaped upper body marker for fingers or wrist joints does not necessarily have to be used only as a marker for postures of toes or ankle joints and operations thereof when stepping on the pedals with feet. Therefore, the lower body mark can be constituted by making the upper body mark simple, caricatured, or concrete. For example, it is possible to easily form a lower body mark similar to an icon of the same category or a symbol of the same category by simplifying or caricatured a picture representing the first category, the second category, or the third category of the player's upper body parts.
作为又另一个例子，表示演奏者上半身部位的第一类、第二类或者第三类的图片通过将图片的对象变换为动物或者无生物(或者相反)，因此可以构成类似于其他种类的图片等的下半身标志。与此相反，将类似于特定种类的图片、图标或者记号等的上半身标志的对象从无生物动物化为动物或者人性化为人类，因此也可以构成其他种类的图片、图标或者记号形态的下半身标志。作为又另一个例子，表示演奏者上半身部位的第一类、第二类或者第三类的各种标志也可以通过使得所述标志的对象简单化、漫画化、具体化、人性化、动物化或者无生物化来变换为不同的种类的下半身标志。As yet another example, pictures of the first, second, or third categories representing the upper body of a player can be constructed similar to other categories by transforming the subject of the picture into an animal or inanimate (or vice versa) etc. lower body logo. On the contrary, changing the object of the upper body mark similar to a specific type of picture, icon, or mark from an inanimate animal to an animal or anthropomorphized into a human being can also constitute a lower body mark in the form of other types of pictures, icons, or marks . As yet another example, the various signs representing the first, second or third categories of the player's upper body parts can also be simplified, caricatured, concretized, humanized, or animalized by making the objects of the signs Or transform into a different type of lower body mark without living things.
但是，如上所述，若通过将特定上半身标志变换为相同的或者不同的种类的图片、图标或者记号等而用作下半身标志，则需要一致性。例如，可以在乐谱的前面部分或后面部分或者其他特定部分配置对各种下半身标志进行说明的注释部，或者在初次使用特定下半身标志时配置注释部。However, as described above, if a specific upper body mark is used as a lower body mark by converting it into the same or a different type of picture, icon, or symbol, uniformity is required. For example, a comment part explaining various lower body marks may be arranged at the front part or back part of the score or other specific parts, or a comment part may be arranged when a specific lower body mark is used for the first time.
就所述方面的第三个实施例而言，通过各种构成或者方法来使用所述上半身标志和下半身标志。例如，所述下半身标志可以与所述上半身标志不同地构成。作为另一个例子，不管标志是第一类还是第二类还是第三类，可以用相同的图片、图标或者记号来构成所述下半身标志和上半身标志。在此情况下，所述下半身标志可以构成为可与上半身标志容易区分开来。例如，所述下半身标志可以构成为与所述上半身标志具有不同的形状或者大小，所述下半身标志的背景或者边缘的颜色或图案也可以构成为与所述上半身标志的背景或者边缘颜色或图案不同。或者也可以将所述下半身标志的边缘形状、颜色或者图案与所述上半身标志的边缘形状、颜色或者图案不同地构成。As for the third embodiment of the aspect, the upper body mark and the lower body mark are used by various configurations or methods. For example, the lower body markings can be designed differently than the upper body markings. As another example, regardless of whether the logo is of the first type, the second type or the third type, the same picture, icon or symbol may be used to form the lower body logo and the upper body logo. In this case, the lower body mark can be easily distinguished from the upper body mark. For example, the lower body logo can be configured to have a different shape or size from the upper body logo, and the background or edge color or pattern of the lower body logo can also be configured to be different from the upper body logo. . Alternatively, the edge shape, color, or pattern of the lower body mark may be configured differently from the edge shape, color, or pattern of the upper body mark.
作为又另一个例子，所述下半身标志和所述上半身标志不管是相同还是不同，将各个标志印刷或者附着于各个乐谱的特定位置，因此也可以使得演奏者能够容易识别它们。例如，所述下半身标志始终附着于乐谱的特定音符的下端(或者上端)，相反，所述上半身标志可始终附着于乐谱的特定音符的上端(或者下端)。此外，用类似于手指等的上半身部位来打击键盘并演奏的音符及记号位于乐句的上部，相反，用脚等的下半身部位来操作踏板并演奏的音符及记号也可以位于乐句的下部。As still another example, regardless of whether the lower body marks and the upper body marks are the same or different, each mark is printed or attached to a specific position of each score, so that players can also easily identify them. For example, the lower body mark is always attached to the lower end (or upper end) of a specific note in the music score, whereas the upper body mark can always be attached to the upper end (or lower end) of a specific note in the music score. In addition, the notes and symbols played by hitting the keyboard with the upper body parts such as fingers are located in the upper part of the phrase, and conversely, the notes and symbols played by operating the pedals with the lower body parts such as feet may be located in the lower part of the phrase.
就所述方面的第四个实施例而言，以能够传递所述上半身标志不传递的不同的信息的形式构成下半身标志。例如，所述上半身标志大部分为传递分别针对演奏者打击的键盘或者音符的信息的情况，但是所述下半身标志可以仅用单一的标志来提供针对多个音符的各种信息，与此相反，也可以构成为仅用单一的标志来提供针对单一音符的一部分的信息。此外，因为所述下半身标志可能对音的音响、持续等产生直接影响，所以当演奏者用手指打击单一的键盘或者通过打击多个键盘来演奏和弦时也可以有效使用。下述的图5是针对各种下半身部位的姿势或者操作的各种下半身标志的概略图，主要是针对与钢琴演奏相关的各种下半身视觉标志的概略图。In a fourth embodiment of the aspect, the lower body marker is configured in a form capable of conveying different information that the upper body marker does not convey. For example, the upper part of the body mark is mostly used to transmit the information of the keyboard or musical note struck by the player, but the lower part of the body mark can provide various information for multiple notes with only a single mark. On the contrary, It may also be configured so that only a single mark is used to provide information for a part of a single note. In addition, since the lower body marks may have a direct influence on sound, sustain, etc. of the sound, it can also be effectively used when the player hits a single keyboard with his fingers or plays a chord by hitting a plurality of keyboards. The following FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of various lower body signs for postures or operations of various lower body parts, mainly a schematic diagram of various lower body visual signs related to piano performance.
所述方面的第五个实施例是针对依据脚部肌肉、骨及腱的解剖学结构的下半身部位的解剖学姿势或者所述下半身部位的操作的各种标志。作为参考，虽然没有包括在图中，但是为了演奏者可以插入针对脚部肌肉、足骨及腱的解剖学结构的解剖学图片及针对详细说明的注释部。A fifth embodiment of said aspect is directed to various landmarks for the anatomical posture of the lower body part or the operation of said lower body part according to the anatomical structure of the muscles, bones and tendons of the foot. For reference, although not included in the figure, anatomical pictures for the anatomical structure of the foot muscles, foot bones, and tendons and notes for detailed instructions can be inserted for the player.
所述方面的第六个实施例是针对用下半身部位来操作右侧踏板的连音(legato)操作的各种标志，图5的(a)的标志10A是包括放在踏板11A上的脚、脚的移动11B及附加在脚的后面部分的耳朵11C等的多个详细标志的第一类记号或者第一类图标的示例。换句话说，所述详细标志11A传递用脚踩踏踏板11A的信息，详细标志11B传递针对用脚踩踏踏板11A后松开的脚的操作的信息，详细标志耳朵11C传递听声音的振动并操作踏板11A的信息。由此，演奏者打击键盘而发出的声音持续回响，据此，可以获得演奏者打击的下一个音与之前的音不会断开而连接的音乐效果。The sixth embodiment of this aspect is directed to various signs of legato operation in which the right side pedal is operated with the lower part of the body, and the sign 10A of (a) of FIG. 5 includes a foot placed on the pedal 11A, An example of a first-type symbol or a first-type icon of a plurality of detailed marks such as the movement 11B of the foot and the ear 11C attached to the rear portion of the foot. In other words, the detailed mark 11A conveys the information of stepping on the pedal 11A with the foot, the detailed mark 11B conveys the information of the operation of the foot released after stepping on the pedal 11A with the foot, and the detailed mark 11C conveys the vibration of listening to the sound and operating the pedal. 11A information. As a result, the sound produced by the player striking the keyboard continues to reverberate, thereby obtaining a musical effect in which the next sound struck by the player is connected to the previous sound without being disconnected.
所述方面的第七个实施例是针对用下半身部位操作右侧踏板的切分音(syncopation)操作或者韵格变异操作的各种标志，切分音是指如下操作：打击键盘并产生第一个音，再次打击键盘并产生第二个音，并且将第二个音响得长一点，改变第一个音和第二个音的强弱。换句话说，切分音操作相当于针对第二个音适用所述连音操作的操作。由此，针对切分音操作的标志也是与所述图5的(a)的标志10A相同或者类似，并且传递演奏者根据所述标志10A用手指打击键盘的同时或者打击之后按压右侧踏板的信息。The seventh embodiment of this aspect is aimed at various signs of syncopation operation or rhyme variation operation of operating the right pedal with the lower part of the body. Syncopation refers to the operation of striking the keyboard and producing the first sound, strike the keyboard again and produce a second sound, and make the second sound a little longer, changing the intensity of the first and second sounds. In other words, the syncopation operation is equivalent to applying the legato operation to the second note. Thus, the sign for the syncopation operation is also the same as or similar to the sign 10A of (a) of FIG. information.
所述切分音标志构成为与所述连音标志完全不同，或者也可以构成为与所述连音标志类似并只有特定部分不同。例如，切分音标志可以不同地构成图(b)的连音标志10A的脚的角度或者类似于脚趾形状等的详细标志或者类似于脚的移动11B等的详细标志。此外，也可以利用注释部来对切分音标志和连音标志的共同点及差异点等进行说明。The syncopation mark is completely different from the legato mark, or it may be configured similarly to the legato mark and differ only in a specific part. For example, the syncopation marks can be variously constituted as the angle of the foot of the legato mark 10A of FIG. In addition, the common points and differences between the syncopation markers and the legato markers, etc. may be described using the comment section.
所述方面的第八个实施例是针对用下半身部位来操作右侧踏板的半弱音(half-damping)操作的各种标志，图5的(b)的标志10A是包括放在踏板11A上的脚、脚的移动11B或者附加在踏板11A后面部分的耳朵11C等的各种详细标志的第一类记号或者第一类图标的示例。换句话说，所述标志10A的脚传递踩踏踏板11A的信息，详细标志11B传递针对用脚踩踏踏板11A后松开的脚的操作的信息，像鸡蛋11C一样的详细标志传递用不会破碎踏板11A下面的鸡蛋的程度的力或者距离来小心地操作踏板11A的信息。The eighth embodiment of said aspect is aimed at various signs of the half-damping operation of operating the right pedal with the lower part of the body, and the sign 10A of (b) of FIG. Examples of first-type symbols or first-type icons of various detailed marks such as feet, foot movement 11B, and ears 11C attached to the rear portion of the pedal 11A. In other words, the foot of the mark 10A transmits the information of stepping on the pedal 11A, the detailed mark 11B transmits information on the operation of the foot that is released after stepping on the pedal 11A with the foot, and the detailed mark like the egg 11C transmits the non-breakable pedal 11A below the level of force or distance to carefully operate the pedal 11A information.
所述方面的第九个实施例是针对演奏者用下半身部位来操作右侧踏板的振动(fluttering)操作或者踏板颤音(pedal vibrato)操作的各种标志，振动是指相当于弦乐器的颤音操作的操作。图5的(c)的标志10A是包括放在踏板11A上的脚、脚的移动11B及附加在踏板11A下部的弹簧11C等的各种详细标志的第一类记号或者第一类图标，传递像位于踏板11A下部的弹簧11C移动似的踩踏踏板11A后松开的信息。如上所述，也可以根据双腿颤抖的下半身部位的操作来获得颤音效果。所述图5的(c)的标志10A也可以包括前面说明的耳朵形状，并且可以通过操作所述弹簧11C的大小、高度、厚度等来向演奏者提供在多长时间内持续各种强度的振动操作的信息。The ninth embodiment of this aspect is aimed at various indications that the player uses the lower part of the body to operate the vibration (fluttering) operation of the right pedal or the operation of pedal vibrato (pedal vibrato). operate. The mark 10A of Fig. 5 (c) is a first-type symbol or a first-type icon including various detailed marks such as the foot placed on the pedal 11A, the movement 11B of the foot, and the spring 11C attached to the lower part of the pedal 11A. This is information that the pedal 11A is depressed and released as if the spring 11C located at the lower part of the pedal 11A moves. As mentioned above, it is also possible to obtain a vibrato effect based on the manipulation of the lower body part with trembling legs. The sign 10A of (c) of FIG. 5 can also include the ear shape explained above, and can provide players with information on how long to last various intensities by manipulating the size, height, thickness, etc. of the spring 11C. Information on vibration operation.
所述方面的第十个实施例是针对用下半身部位来操作右侧踏板的踩踏操作(tread pedaling)的各种标志，传递如下信息：打击键盘并发出声音后按压右侧踏板，并且按一半踏板后再次按压，从而连接特定音调。所述方面的第十一个实施例是针对用下半身部位来操作右侧踏板的半踏板操作(half-pedaling)的各种标志，弱音装置去除从短弦产生的高音，但是使得从长度长的弦产生的低音持续，因此可以去除因弦的不必要的振动而产生的杂音。The tenth embodiment of this aspect is aimed at various signs of the tread pedaling operation (tread pedaling) that operates the right pedal with the lower part of the body, and transmits the following information: press the right pedal after hitting the keyboard and making a sound, and press half the and then press it again to connect the specific tone. The eleventh embodiment of this aspect is directed to the various signs of half-pedaling in which the right pedal is operated with the lower part of the body. The bass produced by the strings is sustained, so the noise caused by the unwanted vibrations of the strings can be removed.
所述方面的第十二个实施例是针对用下半身部位来操作左侧踏板的减音操作(unacorda pedaling)的各种标志，传递通过左侧踏板操作使得音量变小的操作的信息。所述方面的第十三个实施例是针对用下半身部位来操作中间踏板的持音操作(sostenutopedaling)的各种标志，可通过操作中间踏板来使得打击键盘而产生的音持续回响。The twelfth embodiment of this aspect transmits the information of the operation of lowering the volume by the operation of the left pedal for various signs of unacorda pedaling in which the left pedal is operated with the lower part of the body. The thirteenth embodiment of this aspect is aimed at various signs of sostenutopedaling in which the middle pedal is operated by the lower body part, and the sound produced by hitting the keyboard can be continuously reverberated by operating the middle pedal.
针对所述第十个实施例的踩踏操作、第十一个实施例的半踏板操作、第十二个实施例的减音操作或者第十三个实施例的持音操作的标志可以根据各个操作的定性的或定量的特性与针对连音操作、切分音操作、半弱音操作、振动操作的标志类似地使用或者对这些标志进行变形后使用。例如，针对半踏板操作的标志可以构成为与针对半弱音操作的标志相同或者类似，针对利用中间踏板的切分音操作或者利用左侧踏板的减音操作的标志也可以构成为与连音操作或者半弱音标志相同或者类似。与此不同地，针对所述踩踏操作、半踏板操作、减音操作或者持音操作的标志也可以构成为与针对所述连音操作、切分音操作、半弱音操作、振动操作的标志不同。此外，在需要的情况下，可利用所述注释部来传递针对各个标志的详细信息。The signs for the stepping operation of the tenth embodiment, the half-pedal operation of the eleventh embodiment, the sound reduction operation of the twelfth embodiment or the holding operation of the thirteenth embodiment can be based on each operation The qualitative or quantitative properties of are used similarly to or modified from the signs for legato operation, syncopation operation, semi-soft operation, vibration operation. For example, the sign for the half-pedal operation can be configured to be the same as or similar to the sign for the semi-soft operation, and the sign for the syncopated operation using the middle pedal or the damping operation using the left pedal can also be configured to be the same as the legato operation. Or the semi-weet sign is the same or similar. In contrast, the symbols for the stepping operation, half-pedal operation, tone reduction operation or holding operation can also be configured differently from the symbols for the legato operation, syncopation operation, half mute operation, and vibration operation. . In addition, the comment section can be used to convey detailed information for each flag, if necessary.
就所述方面的第十四个实施例而言，根据各个踏板不同地构成针对所述右侧踏板、中间踏板及左侧踏板等的操作的标志。就其的第一个详细例而言，下半身标志的种类不管是第一类、第二类或者第三类，针对不同的踏板使用不同的图片、图标或者记号。由此，演奏者通过识别所述图片、图标或者记号可以容易得知所述标志是针对哪一个踏板的标志。就第二个详细例而言，针对所述各个踏板使用各种图片、图标或者记号等的标志，并且构成为使得所述标志的背景或者边缘不同，从而演奏者可以容易得知所述标志是针对哪一个踏板的标志。作为又另一个详细例，针对所述各个踏板使用相同或者类似的标志，在所述标志使用文字或者数字等的详细标志，或者使用形状或者颜色不同的背景或者边缘等的详细标志，从而也可以区分针对所述各个踏板的标志。In the fourteenth embodiment of the aspect, the flags for the operation of the right pedal, the middle pedal, the left pedal, etc. are configured differently according to the respective pedals. As for the first detailed example, regardless of the type of the lower body mark is the first type, the second type or the third type, different pictures, icons or symbols are used for different pedals. Thus, the player can easily know which pedal the mark is for by recognizing the picture, icon or mark. As for the second detailed example, marks such as various pictures, icons, or marks are used for the respective pedals, and the backgrounds or edges of the marks are different, so that the player can easily know that the marks are Which pedal to target. As yet another detailed example, the same or similar marks are used for each of the pedals, detailed marks such as letters or numbers are used for the marks, or detailed marks such as backgrounds or edges with different shapes or colors are used, so that Differentiate the markings for the respective pedals.
如上所述的所述第五个方面的各种用于演奏键盘乐器的下半身标志除了在所述图5中示例的各种实施例及与此相关而示例各种详细例之外，还包括下面说明的各种改良(以及变形)。In addition to the various embodiments illustrated in Figure 5 and various detailed examples related thereto, the various lower body signs for playing keyboard instruments in the fifth aspect as described above also include the following Various improvements (and variations) described.
所述第五个方面的第一个改良是恰当的注释部的制作及利用，因为针对所述上半身标志及键盘操作的第一个改良与适用于所述下半身标志或者踏板操作的改良相同或者类似，所以省略详细的说明。The first improvement of the fifth aspect is the production and utilization of appropriate annotations, because the first improvement for the upper body marking and keyboard operation is the same or similar to the improvement for the lower body marking or pedal operation , so the detailed description is omitted.
所述方面的第二个改良是使用所述第一类、第二类、第三类图片、图标或者记号的所述下半身标志的改良。由此，类似于与所述下半身部位相关的图片、图标或者记号等的下半身标志及包括于其的各种详细标志也可以与针对所述上半身标志的第二个类似地通过简单化、漫画化或者具体化改良为相同的种类或者不同的种类的图片、图标或者记号形态的下半身标志。由此，省略详细的说明。The second improvement of said aspect is the improvement of said lower body logo using said first type, second type, third type of pictures, icons or symbols. Thus, the lower body marks similar to pictures, icons or signs related to the lower body parts and various detailed marks included therein can also be simplified and caricatured similarly to the second one for the upper body marks. Or materialize and improve the lower body mark in the form of an image, an icon, or a symbol of the same type or a different type. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
所述方面的第三个改良是用透明或者半透明材料制作所述下半身标志，所述方面的第四个改良是对所述下半身标志的边缘或者背景的形状或者颜色进行操作，因此用特定数量的下半身标志传递更加多样的或更加多的信息，所述方面的第五个改良是用具有弹性的材料制作所述下半身标志。根据所述第五个方面的第三个至第五个改良的各种下半身标志与所述上半身标志的第三个至第五个改良只是所表示的身体部位及利用其操作的键盘乐器的部位(键盘或者踏板)不同，但其他特性相同或者类似，因此省略详细的说明。The third improvement of the aspect is to use transparent or translucent materials to make the lower body logo, and the fourth improvement of the aspect is to operate on the shape or color of the edge or background of the lower body logo, so use a specific amount The lower body logo conveys more variety or more information, and the fifth improvement of said aspect is to make said lower body logo with elastic material. The various lower body symbols according to the third to fifth modifications of the fifth aspect and the third to fifth modifications of the upper body symbols are only the parts of the body represented and the parts of the keyboard instrument operated by them (keyboard or pedal) are different, but other features are the same or similar, so detailed descriptions are omitted.
所述方面的第六个改良是以符合演奏者的身体特性的形式制作所述各种下半身标志，所述方面的第七个改良涉及包括多个所述下半身标志的标志套装的构成及所述标志套装的配置，所述方面的第八个改良是提供演奏者可利用触觉而不是视觉来识别所述各种下半身标志的触觉下半身标志。根据所述第六个至第八个改良的各种下半身标志与所述上半身标志的第六个至第八个改良只是所表示的身体部位及利用其操作的键盘乐器的部位不同，但其他特性也是相同或者类似的，因此省略详细的说明。The sixth improvement of the aspect is to make the various lower body marks in a form conforming to the physical characteristics of the player, and the seventh improvement of the aspect relates to the composition of a mark suit including a plurality of the lower body marks and the The configuration of the marker set, an eighth improvement of the aspect is to provide tactile lower body markers that the player can recognize the various lower body markers by tactile rather than visually. The various lower body signs according to the sixth to eighth improvements mentioned above are different from the sixth to eighth improvements of the upper body signs only in the parts of the body represented and the parts of the keyboard instruments operated by them, but other characteristics are also the same or similar, and thus detailed descriptions are omitted.
就所述方面的第九个改良而言，利用所述下半身标志来对踏板的末端部分、上部或者中间部分中特定部分进行操作，因此可以传递发出特定音色的信息。In the ninth improvement of the aspect, the lower body marker is used to operate a specific part of the end part, the upper part or the middle part of the pedal, so that information to produce a specific tone color can be transmitted.
操作踏板的特定部位的所述下半身标志可以通过变形或者改良所述各种下半身标志来容易构成。例如，在表6的(b-1)、(c-1)或者(d)等的下半身标志上可以用文字阐明或者用图片或图标来表示将要打击的踏板的特定部分。与此相反，单独地构成表示踏板的特定部分的第一类、第二类或者第三类图片、图标或者记号或者详细标志，并且通过注释部对其进行详细说明，因此也可以构成所述标志。The lower body marks on specific parts of the operating pedals can be easily configured by deforming or improving the various lower body marks. For example, on the lower body marks of (b-1), (c-1) or (d) etc. of Table 6, it is possible to clarify with words or to represent the specific part of the pedal to be struck with pictures or icons. Contrary to this, the first, second or third type of picture, icon or symbol or detailed mark representing a specific part of the pedal is separately constituted, and it is explained in detail through the comment section, so the mark can also be constituted .
就所述侧面的第十个改良而言，利用各种下半身标志传递针对所述下半身部位的解剖学姿势、用于所述姿势的所述下半身部位的操作、通过所述姿势或者操作的踏板的特定部分的操作或者用于所述姿势或者操作的演奏者的整体姿势的信息，不仅如此，传递与此相关的或者没有包括在其中的各种信息。为此，就所述下半身标志而言，演奏者用所述下半身部位来操作键盘乐器的踏板，并且也可以提供如下信息：(1)针对所述操作的动态特性或者静态特性的信息；或者(2)对所述踏板的特定部分进行操作的信息；或者(3)针对执行所述操作的演奏者的下半身部位的解剖学姿势的信息或者针对整体姿势的信息。所述静态或者动态信息与所述第三个方面的第十个改良的上半身标志只是所表示的身体部位及利用其来操作的键盘乐器的部位不同，但其他特性相同或者类似，因此省略详细说明。As for the tenth modification of the profile, the anatomical pose for the lower body part, the operation of the lower body part for the pose, the position of the pedals passed through the pose or the operation are communicated using various lower body markers. The operation of a specific part or the information of the player's overall posture for the gesture or operation, not only that, conveys various information related thereto or not included therein. For this reason, as far as the lower body sign is concerned, the player uses the lower body part to operate the pedals of the keyboard instrument, and may also provide the following information: (1) information on the dynamic characteristics or static characteristics of the operation; or ( 2) information on the operation of a specific part of the pedal; or (3) information on the anatomical posture of the lower body part of the player performing the operation or information on the overall posture. The static or dynamic information is different from the tenth improved upper body symbol of the third aspect only in the parts of the body represented and the parts of the keyboard instrument operated by it, but other characteristics are the same or similar, so detailed description is omitted .
所述方面的第十一个改良是将所述各种下半身标志用于各种目的。由此，讲师可根据各个标志所传递的信息利用所述下半身标志暗示地传递信息并校正演奏者每个人不足或者错误的下半身部位的操作、踏板操作或者所述部位的姿势。An eleventh improvement of said aspect is to use said various lower body markers for various purposes. Thus, the instructor can use the lower body markers to implicitly convey information based on the information conveyed by each marker and correct the insufficient or wrong operation of the lower body parts, pedal operations or postures of the parts for each player.
就本发明的针对用于演奏键盘乐器的标志的第六个方面而言，利用各种呼吸标志向演奏者传递如下信息：(1)针对没有包括在现有的乐谱中的或者无法用现有的音乐记号来详细说明的呼吸部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(2)针对所述呼吸部位的操作的信息；(3)针对通过所述姿势或者操作的键盘乐器的特定部分的操作的信息；或者(4)针对用于所述姿势或者操作的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。由此，所述呼吸标志传递针对演奏者利用呼吸部位来执行的吸气、呼气的信息，不仅如此，也可以根据存储吸入的空气的方法传递针对腹式呼吸或者肺呼吸等的信息。With respect to the 6th aspect of the present invention for the sign that is used to play keyboard instrument, utilize various breathing sign to deliver following message to player: Information on the anatomical posture of the breathing part specified by the musical notation of the instrument; (2) information on the operation of the breathing part; (3) information on the operation of a specific part of the keyboard instrument through the posture or operation; Or (4) information on the player's overall posture or the like used for the posture or operation. In this way, the breathing flag conveys information on inhalation and exhalation performed by the player using the breathing part, and not only that, but also information on abdominal respiration or lung respiration according to the method of storing the inhaled air.
通常，呼吸标志是与演奏者利用嘴唇、牙齿、牙龈、舌头或者肺等的呼吸部位的呼吸相关的标志，不仅对乐句和乐句之间的呼吸调节产生较大的影响，而且还对执行特定音乐技巧或者实现特定音乐表现产生较大的影响。由此，就所述呼吸标志而言，通过呼吸标志向演奏者传递(1)针对演奏键盘乐器的演奏者的肺呼吸时间点及呼吸速度等的呼吸法；或者(2)针对吸气和呼气姿势及时间点等的信息等。Usually, breathing signs are signs related to the breath of the player using the breathing parts of the lips, teeth, gums, tongue or lungs, etc., not only have a greater impact on the breath regulation between phrases and phrases, but also have a great impact on the performance of specific music. Technique or the realization of a particular musical expression has a greater impact. Thus, as far as the breath marks are concerned, the breath marks are used to convey to the player (1) the breathing method for the lung breathing time point and breathing speed of the player playing the keyboard instrument; Information such as breath posture and time point, etc.
所述第六个方面的第一个实施例是针对演奏中利用嘴或者鼻子来快速吸入空气的快速吸气的各种标志，图6的(a)的标志10A是表示演奏者的脸部及吸气的第一类记号的示例，作为详细标志的箭头11传递通过操作呼吸部位来吸气的信息。此外，可通过调节所述箭头11的宽度或者长度等来向演奏者传递针对速度要多快、要吸入多少空气的信息。此外，呼吸标志通过变形所述标志10A来表示开始吸气或者停止吸气的时间点，或者也可以利用与此不同的图片、图标、记号或者详细标志来表示开始吸气或者停止吸气的时间点。The first embodiment of the sixth aspect is aimed at various signs of quick inhalation that utilizes the mouth or nose to quickly inhale air during performance, and the sign 10A of (a) of Fig. 6 is to represent the player's face and An example of a first type of notation for inhalation, the arrow 11 as a detail symbol conveys information about inhalation by manipulating the breathing parts. In addition, by adjusting the width or length of the arrow 11, etc., information about how fast the speed should be and how much air should be inhaled can be conveyed to the player. In addition, the breathing mark shows the time point of inhalation start or stop by deforming the mark 10A, or may use a different picture, icon, symbol, or detailed mark to show the time point of start or stop of inhalation. point.
所述方面的第二个实施例是针对演奏中利用嘴、鼻子或者肺来慢慢吸入空气的呼气的各种标志，图6的(b)的标志10A是表示演奏者的脸部及呼出的呼气的第一类记号的示例，作为详细标志的箭头11传递利用呼吸部位来呼气的信息。此外，可通过调节所述箭头11的宽度或者长度等来向演奏者传递针对根据乐句的位置或者长度速度要多快、要呼出多少量的呼气的信息。此外，呼吸标志通过变形所述标志10A来表示开始呼气或者停止呼气的时间点，或者也可以利用与此不同的图片、图标、记号或者详细标志来表示开始呼气或者停止呼气的时间点。The second embodiment of said aspect is aimed at the various signs of exhalation that slowly inhales air through the mouth, nose or lungs during performance, and the sign 10A of (b) in Fig. 6 represents the player's face and exhalation An example of a first type of notation for exhalation in , the arrow 11 as a detailed sign conveys the information of exhaling with the respiration site. In addition, by adjusting the width or length of the arrow 11, etc., the information about how fast the speed should be according to the position or length of the phrase and how much exhalation should be exhaled can be conveyed to the performer. In addition, the breathing mark shows the time point when exhalation starts or stops by deforming the mark 10A, or it may also use a different picture, icon, symbol, or detailed mark to show the time point when exhalation starts or stops. point.
所述方面的各种呼吸标志除了所述图6中示例的各种实施例及与此相关而示例的各种详细例之外，还包括下面说明的各种改良(以及变形)。In addition to the various embodiments illustrated in FIG. 6 and the various detailed examples illustrated in connection therewith, the various breathing symbols of the aspect include various improvements (and modifications) described below.
所述第六个方面的第一个改良是恰当的注释部的制作及利用，其与将针对所述上半身标志的第一个改良适用于所述呼吸标志的改良相同或者类似。The first improvement of the sixth aspect is the creation and use of an appropriate annotation part, which is the same as or similar to the improvement of applying the first improvement to the upper body marker to the breathing marker.
所述方面的第二个改良是所述呼吸标志的变形或者改良。如前面说明的一样，所述呼吸标志向键盘乐器演奏者提供如下信息：(1)针对没有包括在现有乐谱中的或者无法用现有记谱法来详细说明的呼吸部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(2)针对所述呼吸部位的操作的信息；(3)针对通过所述姿势或者操作的乐器的特定部分的操作的信息；或者(4)针对与所述姿势或者操作相关的演奏者的整体姿势的信息等，为此，可以使用第一类、第二类、第三类图片、图标或者记号。由此，类似于与所述呼吸部位相关的图片、图标或者记号等的呼吸标志也可以与针对所述第三个方面的各种上半身标志的第二个变形或者改良类似地通过简单化、漫画化或者具体化变形或者改良为相同的种类或者不同的种类图片、图标或者记号形态的下半身标志，所述变形或改良的呼吸标志也可以利用注释部来一致性地使用。由此，省略更加详细的说明。A second refinement of this aspect is a modification or refinement of the breath signature. As previously explained, the breathing markers provide the keyboard player with the following information: (1) anatomical positions for breathing parts that are not included in the existing score or cannot be specified in existing notation; information; (2) information on the operation of the breathing part; (3) information on the operation of a specific part of the instrument through the gesture or operation; or (4) information on the player related to the gesture or operation For this purpose, the first, second, and third types of pictures, icons or symbols can be used. Thus, breathing marks similar to pictures, icons or signs related to the breathing parts can also be simplified, cartooned, similar to the second modification or improvement of the various upper body marks in the third aspect. Transformation or materialization of the lower body mark that is transformed or improved into the same type or a different type of picture, icon, or symbol form, and the deformed or improved breath mark can also be used consistently by using the comment section. Therefore, a more detailed description is omitted.
所述方面的第三个改良是用透明或者半透明材料制作所述各种呼吸标志，所述方面的第四个改良是对所述各种呼吸标志的边缘或者背景的形状或者颜色进行操作，因此用特定数量的呼吸标志传递更加多的信息，所述方面的第五个改良是用具有弹性的材料制作所述各种呼吸标志。根据所述第六个方面的第三个至第五个改良的各种呼吸标志与所述上半身标志的第三个至第五个改良只是所表示的身体部位不同，但其他特性相同或者类似，因此省略详细的说明。The third improvement of the aspect is to use transparent or translucent materials to make the various breathing signs, and the fourth improvement of the aspect is to operate on the shape or color of the edge or background of the various breathing signs, Therefore, more information can be conveyed with a specific number of breathing marks, and the fifth improvement of the aspect is to use elastic materials to make the various breathing marks. According to the third to fifth improvements of the sixth aspect, the various breathing signs are different from the third to fifth improvements of the upper body sign only in the indicated body parts, but the other characteristics are the same or similar, Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
所述方面的第六个改良是以符合演奏者的身体特性的形式制作所述各种呼吸标志，所述方面的第七个改良涉及包括多个所述呼吸标志的标志套装构成及所述标志套装的配置，所述方面的第八个改良是为了使得演奏者可利用触觉而不是视觉来识别所述各种呼吸标志而提供针对呼吸部位的触觉标志。根据所述方面的第六个至第八个改良的各种呼吸标志与所述上半身标志的第六个至第八个改良只是所表示的身体部位不同，但其他特性也是相同或者类似的，因此省略详细的说明。The sixth improvement of the aspect is to make the various breathing symbols in a form that conforms to the physical characteristics of the player, and the seventh improvement of the aspect involves the composition of a symbol suit including a plurality of the breathing symbols and the symbols The configuration of the set, the eighth improvement of the aspect is to provide tactile symbols for breathing parts in order to enable the player to recognize the various breathing symbols by touch instead of vision. According to the sixth to eighth improvements of the various breathing signs and the sixth to eighth improvements of the upper body signs, only the body parts represented are different, but other characteristics are also the same or similar, so Detailed description is omitted.
本发明的针对用于演奏乐器的标志的第七个方面是提供如下信息的各种标志：(1)针对用于键盘乐器演奏者用所述乐器来实现特定音乐表现的上半身部位、下半身部位、躯干部位、呼吸部位等各种身体部位的解剖学姿势的信息；(2)针对用于键盘乐器演奏者用所述姿势实现所述表现的所述身体部位的操作的信息；(3)针对通过所述姿势或者操作的所述乐器的特定部分的操作的信息；或者(4)针对用于所述姿势或者操作的演奏者的整体姿势等的信息。A seventh aspect of the present invention directed to markers for playing musical instruments are markers that provide information on (1) upper body parts, lower body parts, Information on anatomical postures of various body parts such as torso parts, respiratory parts, etc.; (2) information on the operation of the body parts used by the keyboard player to achieve the performance with the postures; (3) information on the operation of the body parts through the postures Information on the operation of a specific part of the musical instrument for the gesture or operation; or (4) information on the player's overall posture or the like for the gesture or operation.
所述第七个方面的第一个实施例是针对演奏者以约1.5倍至2倍程度将特定音符(note)或者休止符(rest)演奏得长一点的延长或者停留记号的各种标志，图7的(a)的标志10A是表示沙漏的第三类图标的示例，类似于沙漏上部11A或者下部11B的沙子等的详细标志向演奏者传递在演奏所述音符或者根据休止符来休止时比标记在乐谱的长度维持得更长一些的信息。The first embodiment of the seventh aspect is aimed at various signs of prolonging or staying marks that the player plays a specific note (note) or rest (rest) a little longer by about 1.5 times to 2 times, as shown in Fig. The symbol 10A of (a) of 7 is an example of the third type of icon representing an hourglass, and a detailed symbol such as sand in the upper part 11A or the lower part 11B of the hourglass conveys to the player when playing the note or resting according to the rest. The information is maintained longer in the length of the sheet music.
若通过各种方法变换所述沙漏标志10A或者其的详细标志，则可传递针对音符或者休止符的延长的信息。例如，也可以通过使得所述标志10A的大小或者颜色不同或者调节上部或下部的沙子的量、颜色等来传递针对所述延长的程度的信息。By changing the hourglass mark 10A or its detailed mark by various methods, it is possible to transmit information on the extension of notes or rests. For example, the information on the degree of extension may also be transmitted by making the size or color of the sign 10A different, or adjusting the amount and color of sand on the upper or lower part.
所述方面的第二个实施例是针对在演奏者演奏特定声音后慢慢去除其的延长或者持续不断的各种标志，图7的(b)的标志10A是表示鞋的第三类图标的示例，如因作为位于鞋11A下部的详细标志的口香糖11B粘到鞋11A上而不易移开似的，向演奏者传递在演奏声音后不要立即将手指从键盘乐器的键盘移开的信息。可以视为所述标志10A具有与将声音持续充分长度并演奏的持续音(tenuto)等类似的含义。The second embodiment of said aspect is aimed at slowly removing its extended or continuous various signs after the player plays a specific sound, and the sign 10A of (b) in FIG. 7 is a third type of icon representing shoes. For example, as if the chewing gum 11B, which is a detailed mark located at the lower part of the shoe 11A, sticks to the shoe 11A and cannot be easily removed, a message is sent to the player not to remove the finger from the keyboard of the keyboard instrument immediately after playing the sound. The symbol 10A can be considered to have a meaning similar to that of tenuto, which is played while sustaining a sound for a sufficient length.
若通过各种方法变换所述鞋标志10A或者其的详细标志，则可传递针对音符的延长或者持续不断的信息。例如，可通过调节所述鞋11A的大小或者角度等或者通过调节所述口香糖11B的厚度、长度或颜色或者通过调节所述鞋11A和口香糖11B之间的距离等来传递针对所述音符的持续的信息。If the shoe logo 10A or its detailed logo is changed by various methods, extended or continuous information for musical notes can be transmitted. For example, the sustain for the note can be transmitted by adjusting the size or angle of the shoe 11A, etc., or by adjusting the thickness, length or color of the gum 11B, or by adjusting the distance between the shoe 11A and the gum 11B, etc. Information.
所述方面的第三个实施例是针对作为演奏者调节演奏速度的高难度技术的渐进的速度变化的各种标志，图7的(c)的标志10A是包括作为详细标志的掉头11的第三类记号，传递渐进地减小演奏速度的信息。The third embodiment of the aspect is aimed at the various signs of the progressive speed change as a highly difficult technique for the player to adjust the performance speed, and the sign 10A of (c) of FIG. Three types of marks, conveying information that gradually reduces the playing speed.
此外，也通过各种方法对所述掉头标志10A或者其的详细标志进行变换，从而可传递针对演奏速度的各种或者详细的信息。例如，可利用所述标志10A的U字11的大小或颜色或者通过调节角度来表示速度变化的程度。In addition, by converting the U-turn mark 10A or its detailed marks by various methods, various or detailed information on the playing speed can be transmitted. For example, the size or color of the letter U 11 of the sign 10A can be used to indicate the degree of speed change or by adjusting the angle.
所述方面的第四个实施例是针对演奏者打击键盘的方法中放松手腕的各种标志，图7的(d-1)的标志10A是包括位于演奏者的手11A及手腕下面的弹簧11B等的各种详细标志的第一类图标或者第三类图标，传递使得手腕柔软地上下移动并施加弹力而进行演奏的信息。此外，图7的(d-2)的标志10B是包括所述图(d-1)的标志10A和键盘的第一类图标及第三类图标的示例，传递在上面的段落中说明的针对放松手腕的详细信息。The fourth embodiment of said aspect is aimed at the various signs that the player relaxes the wrist in the method of hitting the keyboard, and the sign 10A of (d-1) of Fig. 7 includes a spring 11B positioned under the player's hand 11A and the wrist The first type icon or the third type icon of various detailed marks such as , conveys the information of playing by moving the wrist flexibly up and down and exerting elastic force. In addition, the sign 10B of (d-2) of FIG. 7 is an example of the first type icon and the third type icon including the sign 10A of the figure (d-1) and the keyboard, and conveys the above paragraphs for Relaxed wrist details.
所述方面的第五个实施例是针对柔软的键盘打击的各种标志，图7的(e)的标志10A是表示慢慢掉落的鸟的羽毛的第二类图标的示例，传递在打击键盘时内声部柔软地演奏并在末尾部分将手指从键盘慢慢移开的信息。其结果，演奏者可以以使得许多声部的作用变得明显的形式演奏的同时，容易实现也需要调节各个声部的声音的高难度的音乐表现。The fifth embodiment of said aspect is various symbols for soft keyboard strikes, and the symbol 10A of (e) of FIG. The message that the inner part of the keyboard is played softly and the fingers are slowly moved away from the keyboard at the end. As a result, the performer can easily perform difficult musical expression that requires adjustment of the sounds of the individual parts while performing in a form in which the effects of many parts become apparent.
所述方面的第六个实施例是针对键盘打击的强弱调节的各种标志，图7的(f)的标志10A是第二类图标的示例，传递如蝴蝶拍动着翅膀飞走似的，插入强弱并打击键盘的信息。此外，图7的(e)的羽毛标志或者图7的(f)的蝴蝶标志也可以通过变换为各种构成来传递针对手指或者手腕操作的各种或者详细的信息。The sixth embodiment of said aspect is various symbols for adjusting the intensity of keyboard strikes. The symbol 10A of (f) in FIG. , insert strength and strike keypad information. In addition, the feather mark in (e) of FIG. 7 or the butterfly mark in (f) of FIG. 7 can also be converted into various configurations to convey various or detailed information for finger or wrist operations.
所述方面的第七个实施例是针对用两只手打击键盘的双手操作的各种标志，图7的(g)的标志10A是在脖子上佩戴作为详细标志的铃铛11的猫的第二类图标的示例，传递如猫为了不让铃铛11发出响声而轻轻地走似的，通过打击键盘使得演奏的音调小一点的信息。尤其，所述猫标志10A使得用两只手来演奏的键盘乐器演奏者实现如下效果：通过使得用特定手来打击的键盘所产生的音调的大小不同来使得旋律更加鲜明。The seventh embodiment of this aspect is aimed at various signs of two-handed operation that strikes the keyboard with two hands. The sign 10A of (g) in FIG. An example of a class icon conveys the information that the tone of the performance is lowered by hitting the keyboard like a cat walking gently so as not to make the bell 11 sound. In particular, the cat mark 10A enables a keyboard player who plays with both hands to achieve an effect of making the melody more vivid by making the magnitude of the tone produced by the keyboard struck with a specific hand different.
如上所述，在本发明中，利用图来对针对用于演奏键盘乐器的标志的各种方面、各个方面的各种实施例或者详细例进行了说明。但是，针对各种所述标志的详述的实施例及详细例只是为了全面理解而提供的，并不是用于限制下述的权利要求的权利范围。此外，在所述键盘乐器领域具有一般知识的制作者、演奏者可以对上述的各种标志进行各种变形或者改良。由此，本发明的用于演奏键盘乐器的标志也包括与上述的各种标志均等或者所述用于演奏的标志的等价变形或者等价改良。As described above, in the present invention, various aspects, various embodiments, or detailed examples of the symbols for playing keyboard instruments have been described with reference to the drawings. However, the detailed working examples and detailed examples of various symbols described above are provided for comprehensive understanding, and are not intended to limit the scope of the following claims. In addition, makers and players who have general knowledge in the field of keyboard instruments can make various modifications or improvements to the above-mentioned various symbols. Therefore, the symbols for playing keyboard instruments of the present invention also include equality with the above-mentioned various symbols or equivalent deformations or equivalent improvements of the symbols for playing.
标号说明Label description
10：标志 11：详细标志10: Logo 11: Detailed logo
12：注释部 13：附着部12: Annotation section 13: Attachment section
16：标志的前面 17：标志的后面16: Front of logo 17: Back of logo
20：乐谱 30：标志套装20: Sheet Music 30: Logo Set
31：标志套装的底板 36：底板的前面31: Base plate of logo set 36: Front of base plate
37：底板的后面37: Back of base plate
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211695527.1ACN116071981A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-03-16 | Lower body sign for playing keyboard musical instrument and sign including the same |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2017-0034009 | 2017-03-17 | ||
| KR1020170034009AKR101953967B1 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | A set of markers for the lower body marking and the keyboard musical instrument performance for the keyboard musical instrument performance, and a training method of the keyboard musical instrument performance using the set |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211695527.1ADivisionCN116071981A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-03-16 | Lower body sign for playing keyboard musical instrument and sign including the same |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108630174Atrue CN108630174A (en) | 2018-10-09 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810218056.2APendingCN108630174A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-03-16 | Lower body sign for playing keyboard instruments, sign including said sign |
| CN202211695527.1APendingCN116071981A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-03-16 | Lower body sign for playing keyboard musical instrument and sign including the same |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211695527.1APendingCN116071981A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-03-16 | Lower body sign for playing keyboard musical instrument and sign including the same |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR101953967B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN108630174A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116386424A (en)* | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-04 | 黄志坚 | Method, device and computer readable storage medium for music teaching |
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| KR20090063548A (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | 송지혜 | Parish set for keyboard musical instrument performance teaching |
| JP2009244828A (en)* | 2008-06-26 | 2009-10-22 | Jurin Kk | Musical score for musical instrument with embouchure |
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| CN116386424A (en)* | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-04 | 黄志坚 | Method, device and computer readable storage medium for music teaching |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116071981A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
| KR20180106215A (en) | 2018-10-01 |
| KR101953967B1 (en) | 2019-03-04 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20181009 |