A kind of quick early warning system of real-time blood pressure and its methodTechnical field
The present invention relates to blood pressure early warning system and its method, more particularly to the quick early warning system of a kind of real-time blood pressure and its sideMethod.
Background technology
Blood pressure is one important physiological parameter of human body, can reflect the function status of human heart and blood vessel.Human bodyBlood pressure refers to that endovascular blood, to lateral pressure caused by unit area vascular wall, is ventricular ejection and periphery in flowingThe coefficient result of resistance.Blood pressure is divided into angiosthenia, capillary pressure and vein pressure.Usually said blood pressure refers to arteryPressure, it be not only reaction human circulation function important physiological parameter, and clinically diagnose the illness, observe therapeutic effect, intoThe important evidence of row Index for diagnosis.In the application fields such as emergency treatment and ICU, blood pressure jumpy is that great change occurs for a variety of diseasesThe important indication changed.Therefore, how rapid examination to patient's pressure value variation, and accurately measure its variation as a result,It timely feedbacks to its attending physician end, seems of crucial importance for patient's survival rate to improving.
It is typically using invasive for the existing timely method for finding patient's blood pressure of the real-time monitoring of critically ill patientMonitoring of blood pressure mode carries out the continuous monitoring of blood pressure；Which is by opening patient vessel, and implantation Miniature Sensor is real-timeThe pressure value of patient is acquired, operation difficulty is relatively high, and considerable distress is caused to patient, and open blood vessel sensorImplantation easily causes infection, is extremely unfavorable for prolonged monitoring of blood pressure.
In recent years, the measurement method for blood pressure being extrapolated based on pulse wave translation time PWTT algorithms is increasingly becoming major scholarThe great direction of research.PWTT refers to that pulse wave is transmitted to peripheral arterial the time it takes from aorta, has with blood pressureDirect relationship, but we can not directly obtain PWTT, can only utilize the ecg wave form figure ECG and periphery pulse of heartbeat each timeWave oscillogram PPG comes secondhand；It is that ECG is obtained by synchronous acquisition electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal under normal conditionsAnd PPG, the time that the wave crest of R wave of electrocardiosignal reaches used in the characteristic point of pulse wave is PWTT.But this time in factIt is not PWTT truly, but it is that blood is pumped to the preaortic stage to contain pre-ejection PEP, PEP.GreatlyPEP is varied less in most cases, can be neglected, but there are special circumstances；For example, some suffer from angiocardiopathyOld man, the PWTT measured is very big, there is a high likelihood that being due to existing PEP；And the research of P.A.Payne et al.This above-mentioned problem is also demonstrated, due to reason existing for PEP, the blood pressure detected based on PWTT algorithms is the result is that unreliable's.
And the variation of PWA values is utilized to assess blood pressure trend, since PWA and PWTT (Pulse transit time) is at equal proportionRelationship, therefore PWTT is consistent with PWA variation tendencies.When blood pump is entered aorta by heart, a pressure wave can be generated simultaneously, thisA pressure wave can downwards transmit before the blood pumped out along artery；Pulse wave conduction speed PWV is by the tight of arterial blood tube wallZhang Chengdu is determined.When blood pressure increases, artery is gone short of, and pulse wave transmission becomes faster；When blood pressure reduces, arterial wall becomes pineIt relaxes, pulse wave transmits slack-off.Therefore the potential variation of blood pressure is can be reacted by the variation of PWV.And the value of PWV can be according to public affairsFormula PWV=L/PWTT be calculated (wherein, L be ECG signal sampling point between pulse wave signal test point at a distance from).SameWith one testee, PWV and the inversely proportional relationships of PWTT, therefore when blood pressure increases, PWTT durations measured by same position will becomeIt is short.By the principle, therefore detect the variation of PWTT durations to assess patients' blood's variation, the variation for further relating to PWA values is can be withExpress patients' blood's variation.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned prior art, be to provide one kind can be noninvasive, real-time, accurate for the technical problem to be solved in the present inventionReally, the change dramatically of patient's blood pressure, the pressure value of its variation of accurate feedback are effectively monitored, and is sent out in time to its guardianA kind of quick early warning system of real-time blood pressure and its method of pre-warning signal.
The present invention provides a kind of real-time quick early warning system of blood pressure, including ecg signal acquiring module, photoelectric sensor, placeManage device, buzzer, air pump, cuff air bag and pressure sensor, the ecg signal acquiring module and photoelectric sensor are and instituteProcessor signal connection is stated, the buzzer is connect with the processor signal, and the air pump is connect with the processor signal,The air pump controls the cuff air bag inflation/deflation, and the cuff air bag is set on the arm of human body, and the pressure sensor is usedBlood pressure on the arm monitored at the cuff air bag, the pressure sensor are also connect with the processor signal.
A kind of quick method for early warning of real-time blood pressure, includes the following steps：
S1：If the time used in R wave of electrocardiosignal wave crest point to pulse wave wave crest point is peak time difference PWA, and is setThe normal value section of peak time difference PWA；
S2：Using ecg signal acquiring module acquire subject electrocardiosignal, using photoelectric sensor acquisition acquisition byThe pulse wave signal of examination person, to obtain electro-cardiologic signal waveforms figure ECG and pulse waveform figure PPG, to the R wave wave crest points of ECGPosition mark, and the value of the PWA by calculating acquisition mark position are carried out with the wave crest point of PPG；
S3：By the difference of current PWA (N) measured values and the last time PWA (N-1) measured value, and according to the PWA(N) whether the difference between measured value and PWA (N-1) measured value belongs to normal value section, so judge patient blood pressure whetherChange dramatically occurs；
S4：If change dramatically occurs for blood pressure, gas is filled with to the cuff air bag by the air pump, and by describedThe arm vascular flow of the pressure blocking subject of cuff air bag is become using the fluctuation of the pressure sensor monitoring blood pressure pressureChange, and the fluctuating change data transmission of blood pressure pressure is calculated to processor and obtains the systolic pressure of blood pressure and diastole at this timePressure；
S5：Buzzer is set to send out alarm signal by the processor.
Further, when carrying out the measurement of PWA, current PWA measured values and the last time PWA measured values are repeatedly calculatedDifference.
Further, collected ECG and PPG is smoothed using smothing filtering method.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
A kind of real-time quick early warning system of blood pressure provided by the invention, by including ecg signal acquiring module and photoelectric transferSensor acquires the electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal of subject in real time, to which electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal are sent to processingIt is handled in device, and the signal of the processor is sent to air pump according to the actual conditions of subject so that air pump is to instituteThe detection that cuff air bag is inflated and carries out blood pressure by pressure sensor is stated, it is finally that the pressure sensor is obtainedWhether data are sent to the processor, to be in just by the blood pressure of the data judging subject stored by the processorReason condition, and then the progress for controlling by processor buzzer is alarmed accordingly, monitoring that can be noninvasive, real-time, accurate and effectiveTo the change dramatically of patient's blood pressure, the pressure value of its variation of accurate feedback, and issued warning signal in time to its guardian so thatPatient attending physician can respond the variation of its physiological parameter information at the first time, make counte-rplan in time, improve patient's lifeDeposit rate.
Description of the drawings
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodimentAttached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, forFor those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawingsHis attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure chart of the real-time quick early warning system of blood pressure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of oscillogram of the electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal of the real-time quick method for early warning of blood pressure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that generated pressure wave shows when a kind of blood pump of the real-time quick method for early warning of blood pressure of the present invention enters aortaIt is intended to；
Fig. 4 is to illustrate with PWA time trends a kind of present invention PWTT times of the real-time quick method for early warning of blood pressureFigure；
Fig. 5 is a kind of logical schematic of the real-time quick method for early warning of blood pressure of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is ecg signal acquiring module, and 2 be photoelectric sensor, and 3 be processor, and 4 be buzzer, and 5 be air pump, 6It is pressure sensor for cuff air bag, 7.
Specific implementation mode
In order to be best understood from the technology of the present invention content, be provided below specific embodiment, and in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention do intoThe explanation of one step.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of real-time quick early warning system of blood pressure, including ecg signal acquiring module 1, photoelectric sensor 2, placeManage device 3, buzzer 4, air pump 5, cuff air bag 6 and pressure sensor 7, the ecg signal acquiring module 1 and photoelectric sensor 2It is connect with 3 signal of the processor, the buzzer 4 is connect with 3 signal of the processor, the air pump 5 and the processing3 signal of device connects, and the air pump 5 controls 6 inflation/deflation of cuff air bag, and the cuff air bag 6 is set on the arm of human body, institutePressure sensor 7 is stated for monitoring the blood pressure on arm at the cuff air bag 6, the pressure sensor 7 also with instituteThe connection of 3 signal of processor is stated, by the electrocardio for acquiring subject in real time including ecg signal acquiring module 1 and photoelectric sensor 2Signal and pulse wave signal are handled so that electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal to be sent in processor 3, and by the placeThe signal of reason device 3 is sent to air pump 5 according to the actual conditions of subject so that air pump 5 is inflated simultaneously the cuff air bag 67 obtained data of the pressure sensor are finally sent to the processing by the detection that blood pressure is carried out by pressure sensor 7Device 3 to whether be in normal condition by the blood pressure of the data judging subject stored by the processor 3, and then passes throughThe progress that processor 3 controls buzzer 4 is alarmed accordingly, can be noninvasive, real-time, accurate and effective monitor patient's blood pressureChange dramatically, the pressure value of its variation of accurate feedback, and issued warning signal in time to its guardian so that patient attending physicianCounte-rplan are made in the variation that its physiological parameter information can be responded at the first time in time, improve patient's survival rate.
Referring to Fig. 2, left side is the oscillogram of electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal, is made with electro-cardiologic signal waveforms in clinical diagnosisFor the basis for estimation of cardiac mechanical movement, the peak positions the R closest cardiac ejection time wherein in QRS wave；Referring to Fig. 3, take careDirty to generate a pressure wave simultaneously when blood pump is entered aorta, this pressure wave can be before the blood pumped out along dynamicArteries and veins transmits downwards；Referring to Fig. 4, coring electric signal pulse wave signal graphic correlation synchronous with finger tip, from the peaks ECG signal R to PPGThe position of signal trough is pulse wave translation time PWTT, is peak time from the peaks ECG signal R to the time of PPG signal wave crestsPoor PWA, then the PWTT times are consistent with PWA time trends；Referring to Fig. 5, a kind of quick pre- police of real-time blood pressure of the inventionMethod includes the following steps：
S1：If the time used in R wave of electrocardiosignal wave crest point to pulse wave wave crest point is peak time difference PWA, and is setThe normal value section of peak time difference PWA；
S2：The electrocardiosignal that subject is acquired using ecg signal acquiring module 1 is acquired using photoelectric sensor 2The pulse wave signal of subject, to obtain electro-cardiologic signal waveforms figure ECG and pulse waveform figure PPG, to the R wave wave crests of ECGThe wave crest point of point and PPG carry out position mark, and the value of the PWA by calculating acquisition mark position；
S3：By the difference of current PWA (N) measured values and the last time PWA (N-1) measured value, and according to the PWA(N) whether the difference between measured value and PWA (N-1) measured value belongs to normal value section, so judge patient blood pressure whetherChange dramatically occurs；
S4：If change dramatically occurs for blood pressure, gas is filled with to the cuff air bag 6 by the air pump 5, and pass through instituteThe arm vascular flow for stating the pressure blocking subject of cuff air bag 6 monitors the wave of blood pressure pressure using the pressure sensor 7Dynamic variation, and the fluctuating change data transmission of blood pressure pressure is calculated to processor 3 and obtains the systolic pressure of blood pressure at this timeWith diastolic pressure；
S5：Buzzer 4 is set to send out alarm signal by the processor 3.
Specifically, when carrying out the measurement of PWA, the difference of current PWA measured values and the last time PWA measured values is repeatedly calculatedValue realizes the standard of measurement data and result by repeatedly calculating the difference of current PWA measured values and the last time PWA measured valuesTrue property avoids the issuable error of single measurement institute, reduces the wrong report of measurement result, avoid and increase the follow-up work of medical staffWorking strength when making.
Specifically, being smoothed using smothing filtering method to collected ECG and PPG, electrocardiosignal wave is avoidedShape figure ECG and pulse waveform figure PPG is excessively coarse and causes the wave crest point of the R waves wave crest point of ECG and PPG not clear enough, keeps awayThe selection mistake for having exempted from R waves wave crest point and the wave crest point of PPG, so as to avoid subsequent calculating mistake.
When starting patient care work, its PWA normal values area is set according to the current illness of patient and blood pressure stateBetween, unit is s (second)；The electrocardiosignal and pulse wave signal for then acquiring testee in real time, to obtain electro-cardiologic signal waveforms figureECG and pulse waveform figure PPG；Smooth processing is carried out using smothing filtering method to collected ECG and PPG, to the R of ECGThe wave crest point of wave wave crest point and PPG carry out position mark, and the value for obtaining PWA is calculated using algorithm；And then judge current measureWhether the difference of value PWA (N) and the last time measured value PWA (N-1) is in normal value section：
When the difference of PWA (N)-PWA (N-1) is in normal value section, show that subject's blood pressure is normal, display is nearestBlood pressure measurement, assessment terminate；
When the difference of PWA (N)-PWA (N-1) is not or not normal value section, predict that the blood pressure of subject is changed, it is rightThe point is marked, and the measurement of blood pressure is carried out by the cooperation of air pump 5, cuff air bag 6 and pressure sensor 7, obtains currentBlood pressure actual value, if pressure value makes buzzer 4 send out alarm signal not in normal range (NR), by processor 3 notifies guardian,Enable patient attending physician to respond the variation of its physiological parameter information at the first time, make counte-rplan in time, improves diseasePeople living rate, and show current pressure value；If institute's measuring blood pressure shows current pressure value in normal range (NR).
Normotensive value range, 90mmHg<Systolic pressure<140mmHg、60mmHg<Diastolic pressure<90mmHg.
Noninvasive, real-time, the accurate and effective change dramatically for monitoring patient's blood pressure can be realized by this method, accuratelyThe pressure value of testee's variation is fed back, and accuracy rate and the more traditional detection method of the efficiency of detection are obtained and significantly carriedIt rises, realizes the progress of blood pressure detecting method.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present inventionWith within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.