技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械的技术领域，特别是一种弹性髓内钉。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an elastic intramedullary nail.
背景技术Background technique
胫骨、股骨的长骨骨折是临床常见骨折，现市场上的髓内钉都是以AO原则设计，强调的是坚强内固定。由于坚强内固定使骨折端缺乏生物学刺激，不利于骨痂生长和骨折端愈合，而髓内钉材料均采用钛合金制造，弹性模量远远大于人体骨骼，手术后由于应力遮挡导致应力集中，可能导致内固定物松动或断裂，并且由于人体的个体差异，现有的髓内钉无法满足所有人体骨骼生理形状，导致部分手术时存在髓内钉插入困难，复位不合理的现象。中国专利CN200810079983中，提供了一种弹性髓内钉，其在近端钉体和远端钉体之间增设了弹簧体，使得髓内钉的整体在植入骨骼内部后可以随着人体的肌肉运动、重力作用以及外力作用下，近端钉体和远端钉体可以产生微动，减少应力遮挡，但是该设计目前制作工艺不能达到设计要求。Long bone fractures of the tibia and femur are common clinical fractures. The intramedullary nails on the market are all designed according to the AO principle, emphasizing strong internal fixation. Due to the strong internal fixation, the fracture end lacks biological stimulation, which is not conducive to the growth of callus and the healing of the fracture end. However, the intramedullary nail material is made of titanium alloy, and the elastic modulus is much greater than that of human bones. Stress concentration is caused by stress shielding after surgery. , may lead to loosening or breaking of the internal fixation, and due to individual differences in the human body, the existing intramedullary nails cannot meet the physiological shape of all human bones, resulting in difficulty in inserting the intramedullary nail and unreasonable reduction during some operations. In Chinese patent CN200810079983, an elastic intramedullary nail is provided, which adds a spring body between the proximal nail body and the distal nail body, so that the whole intramedullary nail can follow the muscles of the human body after being implanted into the bone. Under the action of motion, gravity and external force, the proximal nail body and the distal nail body can produce micro-movements to reduce stress shielding, but the current manufacturing process of this design cannot meet the design requirements.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种克服现有技术的不足，结构简单、使用方便的一种在植入后骨折部分可以微动、弹性模量更接近人体、减少应力遮挡的弹性髓内钉。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elastic intramedullary nail which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, has a simple structure and is easy to use, and the fracture part can move slightly after implantation, the elastic modulus is closer to the human body, and stress shielding is reduced.
为了实现上述目的，本发明所采取的技术手段是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical means adopted in the present invention are:
一种弹性髓内钉，包括近端钉体、远端钉体和设置在其两者之间的弹性钉体，在近端钉体上设置有近端交锁螺钉孔，在远端钉体上设置有远端交锁螺钉孔，关键在于：所述的弹性钉体与近端钉体和远端钉体为一体式结构，所述的弹性钉体为空心的圆柱体式结构，在弹性钉体的侧壁上设置有螺旋状弹性槽。An elastic intramedullary nail comprises a proximal nail body, a distal nail body and an elastic nail body arranged between them, a proximal interlocking screw hole is arranged on the proximal nail body, and a proximal interlocking screw hole is arranged on the distal nail body. Distal interlocking screw holes are arranged on the top, the key lies in: the elastic nail body, the proximal nail body and the distal nail body are in one structure, the elastic nail body is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the elastic nail body The side wall of the body is provided with a spiral elastic groove.
所述的近端钉体的直径大于远端钉体的直径，且近端钉体的长度小于远端钉体的长度，在近端钉体和远端钉体的结合处设置有锥台形的过渡段钉体，所述的弹性钉体的个数至少为一个。The diameter of the proximal nail body is greater than the diameter of the distal nail body, and the length of the proximal nail body is less than the length of the distal nail body, and a frustum-shaped cone is arranged at the junction of the proximal nail body and the distal nail body. As for the nail body in the transition section, the number of the elastic nail body is at least one.
所述的弹性钉体设置在远端钉体的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，或者设置在近端钉体的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，或者设置在远端钉体的远离过渡段钉体的一侧。The elastic nail body is set on the side of the distal nail body close to the transition section nail body, or on the proximal nail body side close to the transition section nail body, or on the distal nail body away from the transition section side of the nail body.
所述的螺旋状弹性槽的结构为沿弹性钉体轴向设置的多头螺旋槽。The structure of the helical elastic groove is a multi-headed helical groove arranged axially along the elastic nail body.
所述的多头螺旋槽的螺旋槽头数至少为2个，多头螺旋槽的导程为2mm-20cm。The number of spiral groove heads of the multi-start spiral groove is at least two, and the lead of the multi-start spiral groove is 2mm-20cm.
所述的螺旋状弹性槽的结构为分段的单边槽式结构，各个单边槽之间都旋转相同角度的5-1080度。The structure of the spiral elastic groove is a segmented single-side groove structure, and each single-side groove is rotated by the same angle of 5-1080 degrees.
所述的分段的单边槽式结构的段数至少为1个。The segmented unilateral groove structure has at least one segment.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明依据BO原则，设计了一种部分结构存在弹性的弹性髓内钉，在植入后骨折部分可以微动，刺激骨痂生长，缩短骨折愈合时间。1. Based on the BO principle, the present invention designs an elastic intramedullary nail with partial structure elasticity. After implantation, the fracture part can move slightly to stimulate the growth of callus and shorten the fracture healing time.
2、弹性模量更接近人体，减少了应力遮挡。2. The elastic modulus is closer to the human body, reducing stress shielding.
3、本方案的髓内钉由于弹性钉体的存在，在插入髓腔使可以髓内钉自动适应不同人体的髓腔角度，插入方便减少手术时间。3. Due to the existence of the elastic nail body, the intramedullary nail in this solution can automatically adapt to the angle of the medullary cavity of different human bodies when inserted into the medullary cavity, and the insertion is convenient and the operation time is reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明中具体实施例1的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图2是图1的俯视图。FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .
图3是图1中的A-A剖面图。Fig. 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 .
图4是图1中的B-B剖面图。Fig. 4 is a B-B sectional view in Fig. 1 .
图5是图1中的C-C剖面图。Fig. 5 is a C-C sectional view in Fig. 1 .
图6是本发明中具体实施例2的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图7是图6的俯视图。FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
具体实施例1，如图1至图5所示，一种弹性髓内钉，包括近端钉体1、远端钉体2和设置在其两者之间的弹性钉体3，在近端钉体1上设置有近端交锁螺钉孔，在远端钉体2上设置有远端交锁螺钉孔，其特征在于：所述的弹性钉体3与近端钉体1和远端钉体2为一体式结构，所述的弹性钉体3为空心的圆柱体式结构，在弹性钉体3的侧壁上设置有螺旋状弹性槽，所述的近端钉体1的直径大于远端钉体2的直径，且近端钉体1的长度小于远端钉体2的长度，在近端钉体1和远端钉体2的结合处设置有锥台形的过渡段钉体，所述的弹性钉体3的个数至少为一个，所述的弹性钉体3设置在远端钉体2的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，所述的螺旋状弹性槽的结构为分段的单边槽式结构，各个单边槽之间都旋转相同角度的5-1080度。所述的分段的单边槽式结构的段数至少为1个。Specific embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, an elastic intramedullary nail, comprising a proximal nail body 1, a distal nail body 2 and an elastic nail body 3 arranged between them, at the proximal end The nail body 1 is provided with a proximal interlocking screw hole, and the distal nail body 2 is provided with a distal interlocking screw hole, which is characterized in that: the elastic nail body 3 is connected with the proximal nail body 1 and the distal nail The body 2 is an integral structure, the elastic nail body 3 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a spiral elastic groove is arranged on the side wall of the elastic nail body 3, and the diameter of the proximal nail body 1 is larger than that of the distal end The diameter of the nail body 2, and the length of the proximal nail body 1 is less than the length of the distal nail body 2, a truncated cone-shaped transition section nail body is provided at the junction of the proximal nail body 1 and the distal nail body 2, the The number of the elastic nail body 3 is at least one, and the elastic nail body 3 is arranged on the side of the distal nail body 2 close to the transition section nail body, and the structure of the spiral elastic groove is a segmented single Side groove structure, each single side groove rotates at the same angle of 5-1080 degrees. The segmented unilateral groove structure has at least one segment.
根据弹性设计可设置不同的开槽间距与槽口尺寸，弹性钉体3可按需设置1处或多处，弹性钉体3可分布在杆身除螺钉孔外任意位置，根据患者骨折线的位置，弹性钉体3分布在与骨折线临近的位置，可以设置在远端钉体2的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，也可以设置在近端钉体1的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，还可以设置在远端钉体2的远离过渡段钉体的一侧。According to the elastic design, different slotting distances and notch sizes can be set. The elastic nail body 3 can be set at one or more places as required. The elastic nail body 3 can be distributed at any position of the shaft except the screw hole. According to the fracture line of the patient position, the elastic nail body 3 is distributed in a position close to the fracture line, and can be arranged on the side of the distal nail body 2 close to the transition section nail body, or can be arranged on a side of the proximal nail body 1 close to the transition section nail body It can also be arranged on the side of the distal nail body 2 away from the transition section nail body.
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为5度时，对应适用的骨折状态为横行骨折或者短斜形骨折；When the rotation angle between the unilateral grooves is 5 degrees, the applicable fracture state is transverse fracture or short oblique fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为30度时，对应适用的骨折状态为横行骨折或者短斜形骨折；When the rotation angle between unilateral grooves is 30 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is transverse fracture or short oblique fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为45度时，对应适用的骨折状态为楔形或者长斜形骨折；When the rotation angle between unilateral grooves is 45 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is wedge-shaped or oblique fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为90度时，对应适用的骨折状态为粉碎骨折；When the rotation angle between the unilateral grooves is 90 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is a comminuted fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为135度时，对应适用的骨折状态为粉碎骨折或者多节段骨折；When the rotation angle between unilateral grooves is 135 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is comminuted fracture or multi-segment fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为180度时，对应适用的骨折状态为粉碎骨折或者多节段骨折；When the rotation angle between unilateral grooves is 180 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is comminuted fracture or multi-segment fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为360度时，对应适用的骨折状态为粉碎骨折或者多节段骨折；When the rotation angle between unilateral grooves is 360 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is comminuted fracture or multi-segment fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为720度时，对应适用的骨折状态为多节段骨折；When the rotation angle between unilateral grooves is 720 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is multi-segment fracture;
当单边槽之间的旋转角度为1080度时，对应适用的骨折状态为多节段骨折。When the rotation angle between the unilateral grooves is 1080 degrees, the corresponding applicable fracture state is a multi-segment fracture.
具体实施例2，如图6和图7所示，所述的螺旋状弹性槽的结构为沿弹性钉体3轴向设置的多头螺旋槽，所述的多头螺旋槽的螺旋槽头数至少为2个，多头螺旋槽的导程为2mm-20cm。Specific embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the structure of described helical elastic groove is the multi-head helical groove that is arranged axially along elastic nail body 3, and the helical groove head number of described multi-head helical groove is at least 2, the lead of the multi-head spiral groove is 2mm-20cm.
根据弹性设计布置多头螺旋槽，并根据弹性需求设置螺旋槽头数及导程，弹性钉体3可按需设置一处或多处，弹性钉体3可分布在杆身除螺钉孔外任意位置，根据患者骨折线的位置，弹性钉体3分布在与骨折线临近的位置，可以设置在远端钉体2的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，也可以设置在近端钉体1的靠近过渡段钉体的一侧，还可以设置在远端钉体2的远离过渡段钉体的一侧。Arrange multi-head spiral grooves according to the elastic design, and set the number and lead of the spiral grooves according to the elastic demand. The elastic nail body 3 can be set at one or more places as needed, and the elastic nail body 3 can be distributed at any position on the shaft except the screw hole. , according to the position of the patient's fracture line, the elastic nail body 3 is distributed at a position close to the fracture line, and can be set on the side of the distal nail body 2 close to the transition section nail body, or on the proximal nail body 1 close to the One side of the nail body of the transition section can also be arranged on the side of the distal nail body 2 away from the nail body of the transition section.
当多头螺旋槽的导程为2mm时，对应适用的骨折状态为横行骨折；When the lead of the multi-head spiral groove is 2mm, the applicable fracture state is transverse fracture;
当多头螺旋槽的导程为1cm，对应适用的骨折状态为横行骨折；When the lead of the multi-head spiral groove is 1cm, the applicable fracture state is transverse fracture;
当多头螺旋槽的导程为5cm，对应适用的骨折状态为短斜形骨折；When the lead of the multi-head spiral groove is 5cm, the applicable fracture state is short oblique fracture;
当多头螺旋槽的导程为10cm，对应适用的骨折状态为粉碎骨折；When the lead of the multi-head spiral groove is 10cm, the applicable fracture state is comminuted fracture;
当多头螺旋槽的导程为20cm，对应适用的骨折状态为大段粉碎骨折、多节段骨折。When the lead of the multi-head spiral groove is 20cm, the applicable fracture states are large segmental comminuted fractures and multi-segmental fractures.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810462026.6ACN108553155A (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | A kind of flexible intramedullary nail |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810462026.6ACN108553155A (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | A kind of flexible intramedullary nail |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108553155Atrue CN108553155A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810462026.6APendingCN108553155A (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | A kind of flexible intramedullary nail |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108553155A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115137459A (en)* | 2022-05-27 | 2022-10-04 | 中国人民解放军总医院第四医学中心 | Intramedullary fixation device based on hip triangle stable reconstruction theory |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101416902A (en)* | 2008-12-09 | 2009-04-29 | 张奇 | Elastic intramedullary nail |
| US20130012942A1 (en)* | 2005-05-18 | 2013-01-10 | Sonoma Orthopedic Products, Inc. | Segmented intramedullary fracture fixation devices and methods |
| CN105997215A (en)* | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏艾迪尔医疗科技股份有限公司 | Tibia inverted intramedullary nail |
| US20170189085A1 (en)* | 2013-03-14 | 2017-07-06 | William R. Krause | Flexible intramedullary nail |
| WO2017147537A1 (en)* | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | Activortho, Inc. | Active compression apparatus, methods of assembly and methods of use |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130012942A1 (en)* | 2005-05-18 | 2013-01-10 | Sonoma Orthopedic Products, Inc. | Segmented intramedullary fracture fixation devices and methods |
| CN101416902A (en)* | 2008-12-09 | 2009-04-29 | 张奇 | Elastic intramedullary nail |
| US20170189085A1 (en)* | 2013-03-14 | 2017-07-06 | William R. Krause | Flexible intramedullary nail |
| WO2017147537A1 (en)* | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | Activortho, Inc. | Active compression apparatus, methods of assembly and methods of use |
| CN105997215A (en)* | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏艾迪尔医疗科技股份有限公司 | Tibia inverted intramedullary nail |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115137459A (en)* | 2022-05-27 | 2022-10-04 | 中国人民解放军总医院第四医学中心 | Intramedullary fixation device based on hip triangle stable reconstruction theory |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20180921 |