技术领域Technical field
本发明属于太阳能热发电技术领域，具体涉及一种基于气液两相集热器的太阳能复叠有机朗肯循环发电系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and specifically relates to a solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on a gas-liquid two-phase collector.
背景技术Background technique
光热发电是大规模开发利用太阳能的一个重要途径。不同于常规的光热电站采用导热油、熔盐等介质，直接蒸汽的太阳能热发电技术由于采用水同时作为集热场吸热介质，蓄热介质，以及热功转换工质，因此具有系统结构相对简单、易于降低成本等优点。Photothermal power generation is an important way to develop and utilize solar energy on a large scale. Different from conventional solar thermal power stations that use heat transfer oil, molten salt and other media, direct steam solar thermal power generation technology uses water as the heat absorption medium, heat storage medium, and heat power conversion medium in the heat collection field, so it has a system structure. Relatively simple and easy to reduce costs.
蒸汽直接发生式太阳能热发电技术有两个关键的问题亟待解决：首先，水工质在集热器场中的吸热过程存在相变，而两相流动的控制比单相流动复杂得多，并且外界的太阳辐照又具有明显的波动特性。在这种情况下，如果要使得集热场出口产出过热蒸汽，那么蒸汽的过热度很难控制，因此蒸汽输出的稳定性较差，可靠性较低，所以实际应用中一般采用相对简单的直接产生饱和蒸汽方案。其次，与过热蒸汽循环相匹配的储热设计较为复杂，通常包括多级蓄热（预热级，相变级和过热级）。常规的熔盐冷、热罐倒换运行模式会造成很大的传热不可逆损失，并且需要较大的换热面积，实用性较差。因此目前尚缺乏经济高效的直膨式太阳能热发电储热技术。There are two key problems that need to be solved in direct steam generation solar thermal power generation technology: First, there is a phase change in the heat absorption process of the water working fluid in the collector field, and the control of two-phase flow is much more complicated than single-phase flow. Moreover, the external solar radiation has obvious fluctuation characteristics. In this case, if you want to produce superheated steam at the outlet of the collector field, the superheat degree of the steam is difficult to control. Therefore, the stability of the steam output is poor and the reliability is low. Therefore, in practical applications, a relatively simple method is generally used. Directly generate saturated steam solution. Secondly, the heat storage design matching the superheated steam cycle is more complex and usually includes multi-stage heat storage (preheating stage, phase change stage and superheating stage). The conventional switching operation mode of molten salt cold and hot tanks will cause a large irreversible loss of heat transfer, require a large heat exchange area, and have poor practicality. Therefore, there is currently a lack of cost-effective direct expansion solar thermal power generation and heat storage technology.
基于螺杆膨胀机的直膨式太阳能热发电技术可以在一定程度上解决上述问题。与汽轮机相比，螺杆膨胀机可以处理气液两相混合物而不会造成机械损害，并且启停迅速。在热力学特性方面，螺杆膨胀机相比于汽轮机的最大优点在于其良好的变工况运行能力，这也已经被众多学者通过实验加以证明。比如，对于一个内置比体积比为5的螺杆膨胀机，当实际压比变成内置压比的三倍时，其等熵效率相比于最大值的降低只有10%。因此当采用螺杆膨胀机时，直膨式太阳能热发电系统集热场产生的蒸汽可以处于气液两相，而无须过热。特别地，当采用两级蓄热水罐时，直膨式太阳能热发电系统将利用不同的放热模式进行热功转换；使得有机朗肯循环的全年工作时间增长，大幅度提高了系统的蓄热能力（与单罐系统相比，蓄热能力可提高5-8倍），缩短了系统投资回收期；并且有效地避免膨胀机在严重偏离设计工况的条件下运行，保证系统高效运行。Direct expansion solar thermal power generation technology based on screw expanders can solve the above problems to a certain extent. Compared with steam turbines, screw expanders can handle gas-liquid two-phase mixtures without causing mechanical damage and can start and stop quickly. In terms of thermodynamic properties, the biggest advantage of a screw expander compared to a steam turbine is its good ability to operate under variable working conditions, which has been proven by many scholars through experiments. For example, for a screw expander with a built-in specific volume ratio of 5, when the actual pressure ratio becomes three times the built-in pressure ratio, its isentropic efficiency decreases by only 10% compared to the maximum value. Therefore, when a screw expander is used, the steam generated in the collector field of the direct expansion solar thermal power generation system can be in the gas and liquid phases without overheating. In particular, when a two-stage hot water storage tank is used, the direct expansion solar thermal power generation system will use different heat release modes to convert heat to power; this increases the annual working hours of the organic Rankine cycle and greatly improves the system's efficiency. The heat storage capacity (compared with a single tank system, the heat storage capacity can be increased by 5-8 times) shortens the system investment payback period; and effectively prevents the expander from operating under conditions that seriously deviate from the design conditions, ensuring efficient operation of the system. .
另一方面，现阶段螺杆膨胀机有几个显著缺点：第一，单机容量较小。商业化的螺杆膨胀机的单机容量一般小于2.5 MW。对于太阳能热发电系统，如果装机容量较小，那么热功转换单元在整个系统中的成本比例会增大，系统经济性会降低。鉴于此，太阳能热发电系统规模通常为10MW或更大，这给螺杆膨胀机带来了挑战。第二，与主流的干蒸气汽轮机相比，饱和蒸汽或湿蒸汽螺杆膨胀机的效率不高。螺杆膨胀机的等熵效率在60%-75%之间，而干蒸气汽轮机的等熵效率为80%-89%。On the other hand, the current screw expander has several significant shortcomings: first, the single unit capacity is small. The unit capacity of commercial screw expanders is generally less than 2.5 MW. For solar thermal power generation systems, if the installed capacity is small, the cost proportion of the thermal power conversion unit in the entire system will increase, and the system economy will decrease. For this reason, solar thermal power generation systems are typically 10MW or larger, which poses challenges for screw expanders. Second, saturated or wet steam screw expanders are not as efficient as mainstream dry steam turbines. The isentropic efficiency of a screw expander is between 60% and 75%, while the isentropic efficiency of a dry steam turbine is 80% and 89%.
针对以上问题，一个潜在的解决方案为采用基于干有机工质（dry organicfluid）的汽轮机实现复叠朗肯循环的顶部热功转换。In response to the above problems, a potential solution is to use a steam turbine based on dry organic fluid to achieve top heat power conversion of the cascade Rankine cycle.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了进一步提高太阳能复叠有机朗肯循环发电系统的热力学性能和技术可行性，本发明提供一种基于气液两相集热器的太阳能复叠有机朗肯循环发电系统。In order to further improve the thermodynamic performance and technical feasibility of the solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system, the present invention provides a solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on a gas-liquid two-phase collector.
基于气液两相集热器的太阳能复叠有机朗肯循环发电系统包括太阳能集热蓄热回路、一级有机朗肯循环发电回路和二级有机朗肯循环发电回路；The solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on gas-liquid two-phase collectors includes a solar thermal collection and storage circuit, a first-level organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit and a second-level organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit;
所述太阳能集热蓄热回路包括太阳能集热场1、高温蓄热水罐2、低温蓄热水罐3、低温集热水泵12、中温水泵13和高温换热水泵14，太阳能集热场1的出口串联着高温蓄热水罐2，太阳能集热场1的入口串联着低温蓄热水罐3；The solar heat collection and storage circuit includes a solar heat collection field 1, a high temperature water storage tank 2, a low temperature water storage tank 3, a low temperature water collection pump 12, a medium temperature water pump 13 and a high temperature water exchange pump 14. The solar heat collection field 1 A high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 is connected in series to the outlet, and a low-temperature hot water storage tank 3 is connected in series to the entrance of the solar collector field 1;
所述一级有机朗肯循环发电回路包括第一级蒸发器4、中间换热器5、第一级汽轮机8、第一级发电机10和第一级有机工质泵15，其中第一级蒸发器4、第一级汽轮机8、中间换热器5和第一级有机工质泵15串联形成第一级有机工质回路；The first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes a first-stage evaporator 4, an intermediate heat exchanger 5, a first-stage steam turbine 8, a first-stage generator 10 and a first-stage organic working fluid pump 15, in which the first-stage The evaporator 4, the first-stage steam turbine 8, the intermediate heat exchanger 5 and the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 are connected in series to form a first-stage organic working fluid loop;
所述二级有机朗肯循环发电回路包括中间换热器5、第二级冷凝器6、第二级蒸发器7、第二级汽轮机9、第二级发电机11和第二级有机工质泵16，其中中间换热器5和第二级蒸发器7分别与第二级汽轮机9、第二级冷凝器6和第二级有机工质泵16串联形成第二级有机工质回路；The two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes an intermediate heat exchanger 5, a second-stage condenser 6, a second-stage evaporator 7, a second-stage steam turbine 9, a second-stage generator 11 and a second-stage organic working fluid. Pump 16, in which the intermediate heat exchanger 5 and the second-stage evaporator 7 are respectively connected in series with the second-stage steam turbine 9, the second-stage condenser 6 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 to form a second-stage organic working fluid loop;
所述第一级蒸发器4的一侧为水工质，第一级蒸发器4的另一侧为有机工质，水工质一侧的第一级蒸发器4串联在太阳能集热蓄热回路的高温蓄热水罐2一侧，有机工质一侧的第一级蒸发器4串联在一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中；One side of the first-stage evaporator 4 is a hydraulic medium, and the other side of the first-stage evaporator 4 is an organic working medium. The first-stage evaporator 4 on one side of the hydraulic medium is connected in series with a solar thermal collector. On the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 side of the loop, the first-stage evaporator 4 on the organic working fluid side is connected in series in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit;
所述第二级蒸发器7的一侧为水工质，第二级蒸发器7的另一侧为有机工质，水工质一侧的第二级蒸发器7串联在太阳能集热蓄热回路的低温蓄热水罐3一侧，有机工质一侧的第二级蒸发器7串联在二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中；One side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is a hydraulic medium, and the other side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is an organic working medium. The second-stage evaporator 7 on one side of the hydraulic medium is connected in series with a solar thermal collector. The low-temperature hot water storage tank 3 side of the loop and the second-stage evaporator 7 on the organic working medium side are connected in series in the secondary organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit;
所述中间换热器5的两侧均为有机工质，中间换热器5的一侧串联在一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中，中间换热器5的另一侧串联在二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中；Both sides of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 are organic working fluids. One side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected in series in the first-level organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit, and the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected in series in the second-level organic Rankine cycle. In the Rankine cycle power generation circuit;
白天太阳辐照大于400W/m2时，所述系统同时进行集热、蓄热和发电三种运行模式；When the solar irradiation is greater than 400W/m2 during the day, the system performs three operating modes of heat collection, heat storage and power generation at the same time;
夜晚或阴天时，所述系统利用高温蓄热水罐2储存的热量继续进行发电运行模式。At night or on cloudy days, the system uses the heat stored in the high-temperature water storage tank 2 to continue the power generation operation mode.
进一步限定的技术方案如下：The further limited technical solutions are as follows:
所述太阳能集热场1的出口连接高温蓄热水罐2下部一侧的入口，高温蓄热水罐2下部一侧的出口连接高温换热水泵14的入口，高温换热水泵14的出口连接第一级蒸发器4水工质一侧的入口，第一级蒸发器4水工质一侧的出口连接高温蓄热水罐2上部一侧的入口，高温蓄热水罐2底部的出口连接中温水泵13的入口，中温水泵13的出口分别连接中温集热水阀18的入口和中温换热水阀19的入口，中温集热水阀18的出口连接太阳能集热场1的入口，中温换热水阀19的出口连接第二级蒸发器7水工质一侧的入口，第二级蒸发器7水工质一侧的出口连接节流阀20的入口，节流阀20的出口连接低温蓄热水罐3上部的入口，低温蓄热水罐3底部的出口连接低温集热水泵12的入口，低温集热水泵12的出口连接低温集热水阀17的入口，低温集热水阀17的出口连接太阳能集热场1的入口；The outlet of the solar heat collecting field 1 is connected to the inlet on the lower side of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2, the outlet on the lower side of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14, and the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14 is connected. The inlet on the water working medium side of the first-stage evaporator 4, the outlet on the water working medium side of the first-stage evaporator 4 are connected to the inlet on the upper side of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2, and the outlet on the bottom of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 is connected. The inlet of the medium temperature water pump 13 and the outlet of the medium temperature water pump 13 are respectively connected to the entrance of the medium temperature hot water collecting valve 18 and the entrance of the medium temperature hot water exchange valve 19. The outlet of the medium temperature hot water collecting valve 18 is connected to the entrance of the solar heat collecting field 1. The outlet of the hot water valve 19 is connected to the inlet on the water working medium side of the second-stage evaporator 7, the outlet on the water working medium side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is connected to the inlet of the throttle valve 20, and the outlet of the throttle valve 20 is connected to the low temperature The inlet of the upper part of the hot water storage tank 3 and the outlet of the bottom of the low-temperature hot water storage tank 3 are connected with the inlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting pump 12. The outlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting pump 12 is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting valve 17. The low-temperature hot water collecting valve 17 The outlet is connected to the entrance of solar collector field 1;
所述第一级蒸发器4的有机工质一侧的出口连接第一级汽轮机8的入口，第一级汽轮机8的出口连接中间换热器5一侧的入口，中间换热器5一侧的出口连接第一级有机工质泵15的入口，第一级有机工质泵15的出口连接第一级蒸发器4有机工质一侧的入口；The outlet of the organic working fluid side of the first-stage evaporator 4 is connected to the inlet of the first-stage steam turbine 8, and the outlet of the first-stage steam turbine 8 is connected to the inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger 5. The outlet of is connected to the inlet of the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15, and the outlet of the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 is connected to the inlet of the organic working fluid side of the first-stage evaporator 4;
所述中间换热器5另一侧的出口连接第一换热出口阀22的入口，第一换热出口阀22的出口连接第二级汽轮机9的入口，第二级汽轮机9的出口连接第二级冷凝器6的有机工质一侧的入口，第二级冷凝器6的有机工质一侧的出口连接第二级有机工质泵16的入口，第二级有机工质泵16的出口分别连接第一换热进口阀21的入口和第二换热进口阀23的入口，第一换热进口阀21的出口连接中间换热器5另一侧的入口，第二换热进口阀23的出口连接第二级蒸发器7的有机工质一侧的入口，第二级蒸发器7的有机工质一侧的出口连接第二换热出口阀24的入口，第二换热出口阀24的出口连接第二级汽轮机9的入口。The outlet on the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange outlet valve 22, the outlet of the first heat exchange outlet valve 22 is connected to the inlet of the second-stage steam turbine 9, and the outlet of the second-stage steam turbine 9 is connected to the inlet of the second-stage steam turbine 9. The inlet on the organic working medium side of the second-stage condenser 6 and the outlet on the organic working medium side of the second-stage condenser 6 are connected to the inlet of the second-stage organic working medium pump 16 and the outlet of the second-stage organic working medium pump 16 The inlet of the first heat exchange inlet valve 21 and the inlet of the second heat exchange inlet valve 23 are respectively connected. The outlet of the first heat exchange inlet valve 21 is connected with the inlet on the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5. The second heat exchange inlet valve 23 The outlet of is connected to the inlet of the organic working fluid side of the second-stage evaporator 7, and the outlet of the organic working fluid side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange outlet valve 24, and the second heat exchange outlet valve 24 The outlet is connected to the inlet of the second stage steam turbine 9.
所述太阳能集热场1为抛物面槽式集热场、线性菲涅尔集热场、塔式集热场中的一种。The solar collector field 1 is one of a parabolic trough collector field, a linear Fresnel collector field, and a tower collector field.
所述一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质为甲苯和戊烷中的一种；第一级蒸发器4中的有机工质和中间换热器5一侧的有机工质均与一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质相同。The organic working fluid in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit is one of toluene and pentane; the organic working fluid in the first-stage evaporator 4 and the organic working fluid on one side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 are both with The organic working fluid in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit is the same.
所述二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质为三氟二氯乙烷（R123）和五氟丙烷（R245fa）中的一种；中间换热器5另一侧的有机工质、第二级冷凝器6中的有机工质和第二级蒸发器7中的有机工质均与二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质相同。The organic working fluid in the secondary organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit is one of trifluorodichloroethane (R123) and pentafluoropropane (R245fa); the organic working fluid on the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5, The organic working fluid in the second-stage condenser 6 and the organic working fluid in the second-stage evaporator 7 are the same as the organic working fluid in the second-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit.
所述高温蓄热水罐2的工作温度为180～280℃，低温蓄热水罐3的工作温度为30～150℃。The working temperature of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 is 180-280°C, and the working temperature of the low-temperature hot water storage tank 3 is 30-150°C.
本发明与现有技术相比的有益技术效果体现在以下方面：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects:
1.本发明采用气液两相集热器，集热场产生的蒸汽在高温蓄热罐中冷凝，释放的热量用于驱动有机朗肯循环发电。这种集热场直接产生蒸汽，而产生的蒸汽并不进入汽轮机或其它类型膨胀机进行热功转换的技术方案，在已有的太阳能热发电系统中尚未见报道。1. The present invention uses a gas-liquid two-phase heat collector. The steam generated in the heat collection field is condensed in a high-temperature heat storage tank, and the heat released is used to drive the organic Rankine cycle to generate electricity. This kind of technical solution in which the heat collecting field directly generates steam without entering the steam turbine or other types of expanders for thermal power conversion has not been reported in existing solar thermal power generation systems.
2.本发明在放热发电的第一阶段，高温水罐的热量用于驱动复叠式有机朗肯循环发电，在放热发电的第二阶段，高温水罐的水流入低温水罐中，热量用于驱动底部有机朗肯循环发电。这种具有独特放热模式的直接膨胀式太阳能热发电系统，仅仅在发明申请CN201710608229.7中有报道。本发明与发明CN201710608229.7具有显著的不同：（1本发明顶部循环采用汽轮机而不是螺杆膨胀机，热功转换过程具有效率更高，输出功率更大等优点。（2汽轮机采用干有机工质，膨胀过程中工质处于过热状态，不会产生液滴，因此膨胀机的效率高于湿蒸汽汽轮机，且不会发生机械损坏。有机工质和水在热物性上存在本质区别。以二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质R123为例，其对比于水的饱和温度-熵(T-s)曲线如图5所示：当R123从饱和气态开始膨胀时，做功过程中一直处于过热气态（黑色竖线所示），而饱和水蒸汽在膨胀过程中一直处于气液两相状态（黑色竖线所示）。因此即使高温水罐的温度发生波动，那么采用干有机工质的汽轮机也可以避免膨胀过程中产生液滴。2. In the first stage of exothermic power generation, the heat from the high-temperature water tank is used to drive the cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation. In the second stage of exothermic power generation, the water from the high-temperature water tank flows into the low-temperature water tank. The heat is used to drive the bottom organic Rankine cycle to generate electricity. This direct expansion solar thermal power generation system with a unique heat release mode is only reported in the invention application CN201710608229.7. The present invention has significant differences with the invention CN201710608229.7: (1) The top circulation of the present invention uses a steam turbine instead of a screw expander, and the thermal power conversion process has the advantages of higher efficiency and greater output power. (2) The steam turbine uses dry organic working fluid , the working fluid is in a superheated state during the expansion process and no droplets will be generated. Therefore, the efficiency of the expander is higher than that of the wet steam turbine, and no mechanical damage will occur. There is an essential difference in the thermal physical properties of organic working fluids and water. In terms of secondary Take the organic working fluid R123 in the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit as an example. Its saturation temperature-entropy (T-s) curve compared to water is shown in Figure 5: When R123 begins to expand from a saturated gas state, it remains in a superheated gas state during the work process. (shown by the black vertical line), while the saturated water vapor is always in a gas-liquid two-phase state during the expansion process (shown by the black vertical line). Therefore, even if the temperature of the high-temperature water tank fluctuates, a steam turbine using dry organic working fluid will The generation of droplets during expansion can be avoided.
3.本发明第一级和第二级有机朗肯循环全部采用汽轮机，系统可以实现10MW以上规模化应用。针对采用湿蒸汽汽轮机的10 MW系统，湿蒸汽汽轮机出口蒸汽湿度约11-14%，等熵膨胀效率最高可达80%左右，集热温度为250℃时系统总体发电效率约为21%；而当顶部热力循环采用基于干工质的有机朗肯循环时，汽轮机等熵效率可以维持在85%左右，系统发电效率在25%以上。3. The first and second stages of the organic Rankine cycle of the present invention all use steam turbines, and the system can achieve large-scale application of more than 10MW. For a 10 MW system using a wet steam turbine, the steam humidity at the outlet of the wet steam turbine is about 11-14%, the isentropic expansion efficiency can reach up to about 80%, and the overall power generation efficiency of the system is about 21% when the heat collection temperature is 250°C; while When the organic Rankine cycle based on dry working fluid is used in the top thermodynamic cycle, the isentropic efficiency of the steam turbine can be maintained at about 85%, and the system power generation efficiency is above 25%.
4. 集热场、蓄热单元与有机朗肯循环单元之间采用间接换热，集热场产生的水蒸气仅仅为传热介质，不进入汽轮机膨胀做功，有效降低了系统对集热和蓄热水工质的品质要求。集热和蓄热采用水工质，经济环保。4. Indirect heat exchange is used between the heat collection field, heat storage unit and organic Rankine cycle unit. The water vapor generated in the heat collection field is only a heat transfer medium and does not enter the steam turbine to expand and do work, which effectively reduces the system's impact on heat collection and storage. Quality requirements for hot water working fluid. The heat collection and heat storage adopt hydraulic fluid, which is economical and environmentally friendly.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
图2为集热、蓄热和发电模式同时进行示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of simultaneous heat collection, heat storage and power generation modes.
图3为第一阶段放热发电模式示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first stage of heat generation mode.
图4为第二阶段放热发电模式示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second stage heat generation mode.
图5为R123和水的饱和温度-熵（T-s曲线图）。Figure 5 shows the saturation temperature-entropy (T-s curve) of R123 and water.
图1中序号：太阳能集热场1、高温蓄热水罐2、低温蓄热水罐3、第一级蒸发器4、中间换热器5、第二级冷凝器6、第二级蒸发器7、第一级汽轮机8、第二级汽轮机9、第一级发电机10、第二级发电机11、低温集热水泵12、中温水泵13、高温换热水泵14、第一级有机工质泵15、第二级有机工质泵16、低温集热水阀17、中温集热水阀18、中温换热水阀19、第一换热进口阀21、第一换热出口阀22、第二换热进口阀23、第二换热出口阀24、节流阀20。Serial numbers in Figure 1: Solar collector field 1, high-temperature hot water storage tank 2, low-temperature hot water storage tank 3, first-stage evaporator 4, intermediate heat exchanger 5, second-stage condenser 6, second-stage evaporator 7. First-stage steam turbine 8. Second-stage steam turbine 9. First-stage generator 10. Second-stage generator 11. Low-temperature water collecting pump 12. Medium-temperature water pump 13. High-temperature heat exchanger pump 14. First-stage organic working fluid Pump 15, second stage organic working fluid pump 16, low temperature hot water collecting valve 17, medium temperature hot water collecting valve 18, medium temperature hot water exchange valve 19, first heat exchange inlet valve 21, first heat exchange outlet valve 22, The second heat exchange inlet valve 23, the second heat exchange outlet valve 24, and the throttle valve 20.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图，通过实施例对本发明作进一步地描述。The present invention will be further described below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1，基于气液两相集热器的太阳能复叠有机朗肯循环发电系统包括太阳能集热蓄热回路、一级有机朗肯循环发电回路和二级有机朗肯循环发电回路。Referring to Figure 1, the solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on gas-liquid two-phase collectors includes a solar heat collection and storage circuit, a first-level organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit and a second-level organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit.
太阳能集热蓄热回路包括太阳能集热场1、高温蓄热水罐2、低温蓄热水罐3、低温集热水泵12、中温水泵13和高温换热水泵14，太阳能集热场1为抛物面槽式集热场。The solar heat collection and storage circuit includes a solar heat collection field 1, a high temperature water storage tank 2, a low temperature water storage tank 3, a low temperature water collection pump 12, a medium temperature water pump 13 and a high temperature water exchange pump 14. The solar heat collection field 1 is a paraboloid. Trough collector field.
一级有机朗肯循环发电回路包括第一级蒸发器4、中间换热器5、第一级汽轮机8、第一级发电机10和第一级有机工质泵15，其中第一级蒸发器4、第一级汽轮机8、中间换热器5和第一级有机工质泵15串联形成第一级有机工质回路；第一级蒸发器4的一侧为水工质，第一级蒸发器4的另一侧为有机工质，水工质一侧的第一级蒸发器4串联在太阳能集热蓄热回路的高温蓄热水罐2一侧，有机工质一侧的第一级蒸发器4串联在一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中；一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质为甲苯；第一级蒸发器4中的有机工质和中间换热器5一侧的有机工质均与一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质相同。The first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes a first-stage evaporator 4, an intermediate heat exchanger 5, a first-stage steam turbine 8, a first-stage generator 10 and a first-stage organic working fluid pump 15. The first-stage evaporator 4. The first-stage steam turbine 8, the intermediate heat exchanger 5 and the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 are connected in series to form a first-stage organic working fluid loop; one side of the first-stage evaporator 4 is water working fluid, and the first-stage evaporator The other side of the evaporator 4 is an organic working fluid. The first-stage evaporator 4 on the water working fluid side is connected in series to the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 of the solar heat collection and heat storage circuit. The first-stage evaporator on the organic working fluid side The evaporator 4 is connected in series in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit; the organic working fluid in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit is toluene; the organic working fluid in the first-stage evaporator 4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 5 side The organic working fluids are the same as those in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit.
二级有机朗肯循环发电回路包括中间换热器5、第二级冷凝器6、第二级蒸发器7、第二级汽轮机9、第二级发电机11和第二级有机工质泵16，其中中间换热器5和第二级蒸发器7分别与第二级汽轮机9、第二级冷凝器6和第二级有机工质泵16串联形成第二级有机工质回路。中间换热器5的两侧均为有机工质，中间换热器5的一侧串联在一级有机朗肯循环发电回路中，中间换热器5的另一侧串联在二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中。第二级蒸发器7的一侧为水工质，第二级蒸发器7的另一侧为有机工质，水工质一侧的第二级蒸发器7串联在太阳能集热蓄热回路的低温蓄热水罐3一侧，有机工质一侧的第二级蒸发器7串联在二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中；二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质为R123；中间换热器5另一侧的有机工质、第二级冷凝器6中的有机工质和第二级蒸发器7中的有机工质均与二级有机朗肯循环发电回路中的有机工质相同。The two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes an intermediate heat exchanger 5, a second-stage condenser 6, a second-stage evaporator 7, a second-stage steam turbine 9, a second-stage generator 11 and a second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 , wherein the intermediate heat exchanger 5 and the second-stage evaporator 7 are respectively connected in series with the second-stage steam turbine 9, the second-stage condenser 6 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 to form a second-stage organic working fluid loop. Both sides of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 are organic working fluids. One side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected in series in the first-level organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit, and the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected in series in the second-level organic Rankine cycle. in the circulation power generation circuit. One side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is a hydraulic medium, and the other side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is an organic working medium. The second-stage evaporator 7 on the hydraulic medium side is connected in series to the solar heat collection and storage circuit. On one side of the low-temperature water storage tank 3, the second-stage evaporator 7 on the organic working fluid side is connected in series in the secondary organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit; the organic working fluid in the secondary organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit is R123; in the middle The organic working fluid on the other side of the heat exchanger 5, the organic working fluid in the second-stage condenser 6, and the organic working fluid in the second-stage evaporator 7 are all the same as the organic working fluid in the secondary organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit. same.
太阳能复叠有机朗肯循环发电系统的各部件的具体连接关系如下：The specific connection relationships of each component of the solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system are as follows:
太阳能集热场1的出口连接高温蓄热水罐2下部一侧的入口，高温蓄热水罐2下部一侧的出口连接高温换热水泵14的入口，高温换热水泵14的出口连接第一级蒸发器4水工质一侧的入口，第一级蒸发器4水工质一侧的出口连接高温蓄热水罐2上部一侧的入口，高温蓄热水罐2底部的出口连接中温水泵13的入口，中温水泵13的出口分别连接中温集热水阀18的入口和中温换热水阀19的入口，中温集热水阀18的出口连接太阳能集热场1的入口，中温换热水阀19的出口连接第二级蒸发器7水工质一侧的入口，第二级蒸发器7水工质一侧的出口连接节流阀20的入口，节流阀20的出口连接低温蓄热水罐3上部的入口，低温蓄热水罐3底部的出口连接低温集热水泵12的入口，低温集热水泵12的出口连接低温集热水阀17的入口，低温集热水阀17的出口连接太阳能集热场1的入口；The outlet of the solar thermal field 1 is connected to the inlet on the lower side of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2, the outlet on the lower side of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14, and the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14 is connected to the first The inlet on the water working medium side of the first-stage evaporator 4, the outlet on the water working medium side of the first-stage evaporator 4 is connected to the inlet on the upper side of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2, and the outlet at the bottom of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the medium temperature water pump. The inlet of 13 and the outlet of the medium-temperature water pump 13 are respectively connected with the inlet of the medium-temperature hot water collecting valve 18 and the inlet of the medium-temperature hot water exchange valve 19. The outlet of the medium-temperature hot water collecting valve 18 is connected with the inlet of the solar heat collection field 1, and the medium temperature hot water exchange valve 19. The outlet of the valve 19 is connected to the inlet on the water working medium side of the second-stage evaporator 7, the outlet on the water working medium side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is connected to the inlet of the throttle valve 20, and the outlet of the throttle valve 20 is connected to the low-temperature heat storage The inlet of the upper part of the water tank 3 and the outlet of the bottom of the low-temperature hot water storage tank 3 are connected with the inlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting pump 12. The outlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting pump 12 is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting valve 17 and the outlet of the low-temperature hot water collecting valve 17. The entrance connected to the solar collector field 1;
第一级蒸发器4的有机工质一侧的出口连接第一级汽轮机8的入口，第一级汽轮机8的出口连接中间换热器5一侧的入口，中间换热器5一侧的出口连接第一级有机工质泵15的入口，第一级有机工质泵15的出口连接第一级蒸发器4有机工质一侧的入口；The outlet on the organic working medium side of the first-stage evaporator 4 is connected to the inlet of the first-stage steam turbine 8, the outlet of the first-stage steam turbine 8 is connected to the inlet on the side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5, and the outlet on the side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected. Connected to the inlet of the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15, and the outlet of the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 connected to the inlet of the organic working fluid side of the first-stage evaporator 4;
中间换热器5另一侧的出口连接第一换热出口阀22的入口，第一换热出口阀22的出口连接第二级汽轮机9的入口，第二级汽轮机9的出口连接第二级冷凝器6的有机工质一侧的入口，第二级冷凝器6的有机工质一侧的出口连接第二级有机工质泵16的入口，第二级有机工质泵16的出口分别连接第一换热进口阀21的入口和第二换热进口阀23的入口，第一换热进口阀21的出口连接中间换热器5另一侧的入口，第二换热进口阀23的出口连接第二级蒸发器7的有机工质一侧的入口，第二级蒸发器7的有机工质一侧的出口连接第二换热出口阀24的入口，第二换热出口阀24的出口连接第二级汽轮机9的入口。The outlet on the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange outlet valve 22, the outlet of the first heat exchange outlet valve 22 is connected to the inlet of the second-stage steam turbine 9, and the outlet of the second-stage steam turbine 9 is connected to the second-stage steam turbine 9. The inlet of the organic working fluid side of the condenser 6 and the outlet of the organic working fluid side of the second-stage condenser 6 are connected to the inlet of the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16, and the outlet of the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 is connected respectively. The inlet of the first heat exchange inlet valve 21 and the inlet of the second heat exchange inlet valve 23. The outlet of the first heat exchange inlet valve 21 is connected to the inlet on the other side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5. The outlet of the second heat exchange inlet valve 23 The inlet on the organic working medium side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is connected, the outlet on the organic working medium side of the second-stage evaporator 7 is connected with the inlet of the second heat exchange outlet valve 24, and the outlet of the second heat exchange outlet valve 24. Connect the inlet of the second stage steam turbine 9.
本发明的工作原理说明如下：The working principle of the present invention is explained as follows:
（1）在白天太阳辐照较充足时如大于400W/m2，系统同时进行集热、蓄热和发电三种运行模式如图2所示。低温集热水泵12、中温水泵13、高温换热水泵14、第一级有机工质泵15和第二级有机工质泵16运行，低温集热水阀17、中温集热水阀18、第一阶段换热进口阀21和第一阶段换热出口阀22开启。低温蓄热水罐3中的低温水经由低温集热水泵12和低温集热水阀门17进入太阳能集热场1加热至设定温度后进入高温蓄热水罐2，其中一部分高温水经由高温换热水泵14进入第一级蒸发器4降温放热后回到高温蓄热水罐2与剩余的高温水混合，混合后降温的高温水经由中温水泵13和中温集热水阀门18进入太阳能集热场1加热至设定温度后重新储存在高温蓄热水罐2，通过低温集热水泵12和中温水泵13的协调运行，可以始终保持高温蓄热水罐2中的高温水维持在设定温度。第一级有机朗肯循环中的干有机工质在第一级蒸发器4中吸热蒸发，高温干有机工质蒸汽进入第一级汽轮机8膨胀做功并经由第一级发电机10输出电能，膨胀降温后的第一级汽轮机8出口干有机工质蒸汽进入中间换热器5冷凝放热成液体，中温液体经由第一级有机工质泵15再次进入第一级蒸发器4完成第一级有机朗肯循环。第二级有机朗肯循环中的干有机工质在中间换热器5中吸热蒸发，中温干有机工质蒸汽经第一阶段换热出口阀门22进入第二级汽轮机9膨胀做功并由第二级发电机11输出电能，膨胀降温后的第二级汽轮机9出口干有机工质蒸汽进入第二级冷凝器6冷凝放热成液体，低温液体经由第二级有机工质泵16和第一阶段换热进口阀门21进入中间换热器5完成第二级有机朗肯循环。(1) When the solar radiation is sufficient during the day, if it is greater than 400W/m2 , the system operates in three operating modes of heat collection, heat storage and power generation at the same time, as shown in Figure 2. The low-temperature hot water collecting pump 12, the medium temperature water pump 13, the high-temperature hot water exchange pump 14, the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 operate, the low-temperature hot water collecting valve 17, the medium temperature hot water collecting valve 18, and the The first-stage heat exchange inlet valve 21 and the first-stage heat exchange outlet valve 22 are opened. The low-temperature water in the low-temperature water storage tank 3 enters the solar thermal collector field 1 through the low-temperature water collection pump 12 and the low-temperature water collection valve 17 and is heated to the set temperature and then enters the high-temperature water storage tank 2. Part of the high-temperature water passes through the high-temperature exchanger. The hot water pump 14 enters the first-stage evaporator 4 to cool down and release heat, and then returns to the high-temperature water storage tank 2 to mix with the remaining high-temperature water. The mixed high-temperature water that is cooled enters the solar heat collection via the medium-temperature water pump 13 and the medium-temperature hot water collecting valve 18 After the field 1 is heated to the set temperature, it is stored again in the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2. Through the coordinated operation of the low-temperature water collecting pump 12 and the medium-temperature water pump 13, the high-temperature water in the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 can always be maintained at the set temperature. . The dry organic working fluid in the first-stage organic Rankine cycle absorbs heat and evaporates in the first-stage evaporator 4. The high-temperature dry organic working fluid vapor enters the first-stage steam turbine 8, expands and performs work, and outputs electrical energy through the first-stage generator 10. After expansion and cooling, the dry organic working fluid vapor at the outlet of the first-stage steam turbine 8 enters the intermediate heat exchanger 5 and condenses and releases heat into a liquid. The medium-temperature liquid enters the first-stage evaporator 4 again through the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 to complete the first stage. Organic Rankine cycle. The dry organic working fluid in the second-stage organic Rankine cycle absorbs heat and evaporates in the intermediate heat exchanger 5. The medium-temperature dry organic working fluid steam enters the second-stage steam turbine 9 through the first-stage heat exchange outlet valve 22 to expand and perform work. The secondary generator 11 outputs electric energy. After expansion and cooling, the dry organic working fluid vapor at the outlet of the second stage steam turbine 9 enters the second stage condenser 6 and condenses and releases heat into a liquid. The low-temperature liquid passes through the second stage organic working fluid pump 16 and the first stage The stage heat exchange inlet valve 21 enters the intermediate heat exchanger 5 to complete the second stage organic Rankine cycle.
（2）在阴天或夜晚时，系统利用高温蓄热水罐2储存的热量继续进行发电模式。在第一阶段放热发电模式下如图3所示，高温换热水泵14、第一级有机工质泵15和第二级有机工质泵16运行，第一阶段换热进口阀门21和第一阶段换热出口阀门22开启。高温蓄热水罐2中的高温水经由高温换热水泵14进入第一级蒸发器4降温放热，降温后的中温水重新进入高温蓄热水罐2，通过调节高温换热水泵14控制进入第一级蒸发器4的水工质流量以维持换热温降在70℃以内。第一级有机朗肯循环和第二级有机朗肯循环的工作过程与上述集热、蓄热和发电三种模式共同运行时相同。(2) On cloudy days or nights, the system uses the heat stored in the high-temperature water storage tank 2 to continue the power generation mode. In the first stage of exothermic power generation mode, as shown in Figure 3, the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14, the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 are running, and the first-stage heat exchange inlet valve 21 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 are running. The first stage heat exchange outlet valve 22 is opened. The high-temperature water in the high-temperature water storage tank 2 enters the first-stage evaporator 4 through the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14 for cooling and releasing heat. The cooled medium-temperature water re-enters the high-temperature water storage tank 2 and is controlled by adjusting the high-temperature heat exchange pump 14. The water flow rate of the first-stage evaporator 4 is to maintain the heat exchange temperature drop within 70°C. The working process of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle and the second-stage organic Rankine cycle is the same as when the above three modes of heat collection, heat storage and power generation operate together.
在第二阶段放热发电模式下如图4所示，中温水泵13、第二级有机工质泵16运行，中温换热水阀门19、节流阀20第二阶段换热进口阀门23和第二阶段换热出口阀门24开启。高温蓄热水罐2剩余的中温水经由中温水泵13和中温换热水阀门19进入第二级蒸发器7降温放热，经由节流阀20进入低温蓄热水罐3，第二级有机朗肯循环中的干有机工质在第二级蒸发器7中吸热蒸发，中温干有机工质蒸汽经由第二阶段换热出口阀门24进入第二级汽轮机9膨胀做功并经由第二级发电机11输出电能，膨胀降温后的第二级汽轮机9出口低温有机工质蒸汽进入第二级冷凝器6冷凝放热成液体，低温液体经由第二级有机工质泵16和第二阶段换热进口阀门23再次进入第二级蒸发器7，完成第二级有机朗肯循环。As shown in Figure 4 in the second-stage heat release power generation mode, the medium-temperature water pump 13 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 are running, and the medium-temperature hot water exchange valve 19 and the throttle valve 20 are the second-stage heat exchange inlet valve 23 and the second-stage heat exchange inlet valve 20. The second-stage heat exchange outlet valve 24 is opened. The remaining medium-temperature water in the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 enters the second-stage evaporator 7 for cooling and releasing heat through the medium-temperature water pump 13 and the medium-temperature hot water exchange valve 19, and enters the low-temperature hot water storage tank 3 through the throttle valve 20. The second-stage organic evaporator The dry organic working fluid in the Ken cycle absorbs heat and evaporates in the second-stage evaporator 7. The medium-temperature dry organic working fluid vapor enters the second-stage steam turbine 9 through the second-stage heat exchange outlet valve 24, expands and performs work, and passes through the second-stage generator. 11 outputs electric energy, and the low-temperature organic working fluid vapor at the outlet of the second-stage steam turbine 9 after expansion and cooling enters the second-stage condenser 6 and condenses and releases heat into a liquid. The low-temperature liquid passes through the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 and the second-stage heat exchange inlet. The valve 23 enters the second-stage evaporator 7 again to complete the second-stage organic Rankine cycle.
本实施例处于设计工况时，相关参数如下：太阳直射辐照强度为800W/m2，太阳辐照时长为6小时，环境温度为25℃，环境风速为2.5m/s，第一级汽轮机8额定发电功率为10MW，第二级汽轮机9额定发电功率15.3MW，第一级汽轮机8和第二级汽轮机9的效率为85%，第一级发电机10和第二级发电机11的效率为95%，低温集热水泵12、中温集热水泵13、高温换热水泵14、第一级有机工质泵15和第二级有机工质泵16的效率均为80%，高温蓄热水罐2的蓄热温度为250℃、压力为4.5MPa，低温蓄热水罐3的蓄热温度为50℃、压力为1.5MPa，高温蓄热水罐2和低温蓄热水罐3的蓄热时长为4小时，第一阶段放热发电模式下高温蓄热水罐2中的水温由250℃逐步降至180℃、第二阶段放热发电模式下高温蓄热水罐2中的水温由180℃逐步降至50℃，第一级有机朗肯循环的蒸发温度为240℃、第二级有机朗肯循环的蒸发温度为150℃，第一级有机朗肯循环的冷凝温度为160℃、第二级有机朗肯循环的冷凝温度为35℃；When this embodiment is in the design working condition, the relevant parameters are as follows: direct solar radiation intensity is 800W/m2 , solar radiation duration is 6 hours, ambient temperature is 25°C, ambient wind speed is 2.5m/s, first-stage steam turbine The rated generating power of 8 is 10MW, the rated generating power of the second-stage steam turbine 9 is 15.3MW, the efficiency of the first-stage steam turbine 8 and the second-stage steam turbine 9 is 85%, the efficiency of the first-stage generator 10 and the second-stage generator 11 The efficiency of the low-temperature hot water collecting pump 12, the medium-temperature hot water collecting pump 13, the high-temperature hot water exchange pump 14, the first-stage organic working fluid pump 15 and the second-stage organic working fluid pump 16 are all 80%. The heat storage temperature of tank 2 is 250°C and the pressure is 4.5MPa. The heat storage temperature of low-temperature water storage tank 3 is 50°C and the pressure is 1.5MPa. The heat storage of high-temperature water storage tank 2 and low-temperature water storage tank 3 is The duration is 4 hours. In the first stage of heat release power generation mode, the water temperature in the high temperature water storage tank 2 gradually drops from 250°C to 180°C. In the second stage of heat release power generation mode, the water temperature in the high temperature heat storage tank 2 decreases from 180°C to 180°C. ℃ gradually drops to 50℃, the evaporation temperature of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle is 240℃, the evaporation temperature of the second-stage organic Rankine cycle is 150℃, the condensation temperature of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle is 160℃, and the evaporation temperature of the second-stage organic Rankine cycle is 160℃. The condensation temperature of the secondary organic Rankine cycle is 35°C;
根据以上参数，并选择目前太阳能光热电站普遍采用的欧洲槽ET150和肖特PTR70集热管组成太阳能集热场，计算结果表明：第一级有机朗肯循环的净输出功率为9.6MW，发电效率为10.1%；第二级有机朗肯循环的净输出功率为14.6MW，发电效率为17.1%；复叠有机朗肯循环系统的总输出功率为24.2MW，总发电效率为25.5%；系统额定运行时需要太阳能集热场1收集热量将水温由180℃加热至250℃，集热效率为75.7%，集热功率为95.0MW，所需的集热场面积为156856m2。此外，若第一阶段放热发电模式持续运行四小时，高温蓄热水罐2需要储存4263吨高温水；在第二阶段放热发电模式下，高温蓄热水罐2剩余的中温水可以驱动第二级有机朗肯循环运行7.6小时；收集四小时蓄热所需的热量时，需要额外的太阳能集热场1将低温蓄热水罐3中50℃低温水加热至250℃，集热效率为76.1%，所需的集热场面积为281577m2。Based on the above parameters, and selecting the European trough ET150 and SCHOTT PTR70 collector tubes commonly used in solar thermal power stations to form the solar collector field, the calculation results show that the net output power of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle is 9.6MW, and the power generation efficiency is 10.1%; the net output power of the second-stage organic Rankine cycle is 14.6MW, and the power generation efficiency is 17.1%; the total output power of the cascade organic Rankine cycle system is 24.2MW, and the total power generation efficiency is 25.5%; the system is rated for operation When the solar collector field 1 is needed to collect heat to heat the water temperature from 180°C to 250°C, the heat collection efficiency is 75.7%, the heat collection power is 95.0MW, and the required heat collection field area is 156856m2 . In addition, if the first-stage heat release power generation mode continues to operate for four hours, the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 needs to store 4263 tons of high-temperature water; in the second-stage heat release power generation mode, the remaining medium-temperature water in the high-temperature hot water storage tank 2 can be driven The second stage organic Rankine cycle runs for 7.6 hours; when collecting the heat required for four hours of heat storage, an additional solar collector field 1 is needed to heat the 50°C low-temperature water in the low-temperature water storage tank 3 to 250°C. The heat collection efficiency is 76.1%, the required collector field area is 281577m2 .
详细的计算结果如下：The detailed calculation results are as follows:
第一级有机朗肯循环：额定发电功率10.0MW、第一级有机工质泵耗功414.4kW、甲苯工质流量218.1kg/s、水工质流量296.1kg/s、吸热功率95.0MW、发电效率10.1%；The first-stage organic Rankine cycle: rated power generation power 10.0MW, power consumption of the first-stage organic working fluid pump 414.4kW, toluene working fluid flow 218.1kg/s, hydraulic fluid flow 296.1kg/s, endothermic power 95.0MW, Power generation efficiency 10.1%;
第二级有机朗肯循环：额定发电功率15.3MW、第二级有机工质泵耗功653.5KW、R123工质流量381.6kg/s、水工质流量154.9kg/s、吸热功率85.4MW、发电效率17.1%。Second-stage organic Rankine cycle: rated power generation power 15.3MW, second-stage organic working fluid pump power consumption 653.5KW, R123 working fluid flow 381.6kg/s, hydraulic fluid flow 154.9kg/s, endothermic power 85.4MW, The power generation efficiency is 17.1%.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810418139.6ACN108506177B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on gas-liquid two-phase heat collector |
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| CN201810418139.6ACN108506177B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on gas-liquid two-phase heat collector |
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| CN201810418139.6AActiveCN108506177B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Solar cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on gas-liquid two-phase heat collector |
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