CN108478897B - an automatic fluid changer - Google Patents
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- CN108478897B CN108478897BCN201810379422.2ACN201810379422ACN108478897BCN 108478897 BCN108478897 BCN 108478897BCN 201810379422 ACN201810379422 ACN 201810379422ACN 108478897 BCN108478897 BCN 108478897B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/1407—Infusion of two or more substances
- A61M5/1408—Infusion of two or more substances in parallel, e.g. manifolds, sequencing valves
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/162—Needle sets, i.e. connections by puncture between reservoir and tube ; Connections between reservoir and tube
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
- A61M5/16831—Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies
- A61M5/1684—Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies by detecting the amount of infusate remaining, e.g. signalling end of infusion
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/10—General characteristics of the apparatus with powered movement mechanisms
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3379—Masses, volumes, levels of fluids in reservoirs, flow rates
- A61M2205/3386—Low level detectors
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/60—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器材技术领域，具体是一种自动换液器。The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an automatic fluid changer.
背景技术Background technique
输液是由静脉滴注输入体内的大剂量(一次给药在100ml以上)注射液。通常包装在塑料或玻璃的输液袋或瓶中，不含防腐剂或抑菌剂。使用时，通过输液器建立静脉与药液之间通道且调整滴速，在大气压力作用下，瓶内液体顺着较细的输液软管流入滴斗，当滴斗水柱压力大于静脉压时，瓶内的液体顺着软管持续而稳定地流入静脉，以补充体液、电解质或提供营养物质。由于其用量大而且是直接进入血液，故质量要求高，生产工艺等也与小针注射剂有一定差异。Infusion is a large-dose (over 100ml) injection injected into the body by intravenous drip. Usually packaged in a plastic or glass infusion bag or bottle, it contains no preservatives or bacteriostatic agents. When in use, the channel between the vein and the medicinal liquid is established through the infusion set and the dripping speed is adjusted. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows into the dripping bucket along the thinner infusion hose. When the water column pressure of the dripping bucket is greater than the venous pressure, The fluid in the bottle flows continuously and steadily down the tube into the vein to replenish fluids, electrolytes or provide nutrients. Due to its large dosage and direct entry into the blood, the quality requirements are high, and the production process is also somewhat different from that of small needle injections.
输液器是一种常见的医疗耗材，经过无菌处理，建立静脉与药液之间通道，在大气压力作用下，瓶内液体顺着较细的输液软管流入滴斗，当滴斗水柱压力大于静脉压时，瓶内的液体顺着软管流入静脉，一般用于静脉输液。The infusion set is a common medical consumable. After aseptic treatment, a channel between the vein and the medicinal solution is established. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows into the drip bucket along the thin infusion hose. When the drip bucket water column pressure When the pressure is greater than the venous pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows into the vein along the hose, which is generally used for intravenous infusion.
在使用输液器进行输液时，当药剂种类或者容量多，需要分多瓶输液时，在上一瓶即将输完时，需要医护人员手动操作更换下一瓶药液。在病房或者老年康复中心等输液较为集中的医护场所，输液瓶更换量大，医护人员工作量大，存在不能及时更换输液瓶或者在输液过程中发生疏忽未能及时发现输液瓶内药液输完的情况，存在一定的安全隐患。When using an infusion set for infusion, when there are many types or volumes of medicines and multiple bottles of liquid need to be infused, when the previous bottle is about to be infused, the medical staff needs to manually operate to replace the next bottle of liquid medicine. In wards or elderly rehabilitation centers and other places where infusions are concentrated, the amount of infusion bottle replacement is large, and the workload of medical staff is heavy. There are cases where the infusion bottle cannot be replaced in time or the infusion process is negligent and fails to detect the end of the infusion bottle in time. There are certain security risks.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种自动换液器，将穿刺针组件及消毒组件相结合，且对多个等间距设置的输液袋或输液瓶进行自动消毒、插拔输液的结构原理，有效实现多个药袋连续自动更换输液的功能需要，具有使用方便、安全可靠及实用性强的特点。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic liquid changer, which combines the puncture needle assembly and the disinfection assembly, and automatically disinfects, inserts and pulls out a plurality of infusion bags or infusion bottles arranged at equal intervals. The structure principle effectively realizes the functional requirements of continuous and automatic replacement of infusion solutions for multiple medicine bags, and has the characteristics of convenient use, safety, reliability and strong practicability.
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种自动换液器，包括支架、滑动机构、穿刺针组件以及消毒组件，所述支架包括截面呈U形且开口朝向正面的固定架以及设置在固定架下端并呈U形且开口朝下的支撑架，所述固定架的顶壁上沿固定架纵向等间距设有多个用于吊挂输液袋的挂钩，所述支撑架的上端设有用于输液袋的口部竖直穿过的缺口，所述缺口上设有用于紧固输液袋口部的固定机构；An automatic liquid changer, comprising a bracket, a sliding mechanism, a puncture needle assembly and a sterilization assembly, the bracket includes a U-shaped cross-section and a fixed frame with an opening facing the front, and a U-shaped and downwardly opened fixing frame arranged at the lower end of the fixing frame. A supporting frame, the top wall of the fixing frame is provided with a plurality of hooks for hanging the infusion bag at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the fixing frame, and the upper end of the supporting frame is provided with a gap for the mouth of the infusion bag to pass vertically through , the gap is provided with a fixing mechanism for fastening the mouth of the infusion bag;
所述滑动机构包括滑槽、滑块、支座、螺杆以及与螺杆动力传递的驱动部，所述滑槽沿支撑架纵向安装在支撑架位于背面的内壁上，所述滑块与螺杆螺纹连接且在螺杆转动下沿滑槽往复滑动，所述支座呈L形且安装在滑块上，支座的水平部分与支撑架的上端相平行；The sliding mechanism includes a chute, a sliding block, a support, a screw rod and a driving part that transmits power to the screw rod. The sliding groove is longitudinally installed on the inner wall of the support frame on the back of the support frame, and the sliding block and the screw rod are threadedly connected. and slides reciprocatingly along the chute under the rotation of the screw, the support is L-shaped and is installed on the slider, and the horizontal part of the support is parallel to the upper end of the support frame;
所述穿刺针组件包括竖向设置在支座水平部分的第一电动推杆、连接在第一电动推杆的推杆上端的第一支板、安装在第一支板上的穿刺针以及设置在穿刺针前端的用于感应液位的传感器，所述穿刺针通过第一卡锁机构固定；The puncture needle assembly includes a first electric push rod vertically arranged on the horizontal part of the support, a first support plate connected to the upper end of the push rod of the first electric push rod, a puncture needle installed on the first support plate, and a A sensor for sensing the liquid level at the front end of the puncture needle, the puncture needle is fixed by the first locking mechanism;
所述消毒组件包括竖向设置在支座水平部分上且与第一电动推杆沿滑槽纵向间距设置的第二电动推杆、连接在第二电动推杆的推杆上端的第二支板以及安装在第二支板上的消毒杆组合，所述消毒杆组合包括套筒、内套于套筒且沿套体轴向往复滑动的连杆、设置在连杆上端的消毒杆以及套设在连杆上且位于消毒杆与套筒之间的弹簧，所述穿刺针、消毒杆与输液袋口部的轴心位于同一竖直面，所述套筒通过第二卡锁机构固定；The disinfection assembly includes a second electric push rod vertically arranged on the horizontal part of the support and arranged at a longitudinal distance from the first electric push rod along the chute, and a second support plate connected to the upper end of the push rod of the second electric push rod. and a sterilizing rod assembly installed on the second support plate, the sterilizing rod assembly includes a sleeve, a connecting rod that is sleeved inside the sleeve and that reciprocates along the axial direction of the sleeve body, a sterilizing rod disposed on the upper end of the connecting rod, and a sleeve A spring on the connecting rod and located between the sterilization rod and the sleeve, the puncture needle, the sterilization rod and the axis of the mouth of the infusion bag are located on the same vertical plane, and the sleeve is fixed by the second locking mechanism;
还包括设置在支座竖直部分背面上的控制器，所述控制器用于集成控制驱动部、传感器、第一电动推杆与第二电动推杆。It also includes a controller arranged on the back of the vertical part of the support, and the controller is used for integrated control of the driving part, the sensor, the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod.
进一步地，所述缺口呈矩形，且缺口的前侧贯穿支撑架的侧壁，缺口的后侧壁上开有第一半边槽，缺口的两侧壁上均开有卡槽。Further, the notch is rectangular, and the front side of the notch penetrates the side wall of the support frame, the rear side wall of the notch is provided with a first half-side groove, and the two side walls of the notch are both provided with clamping grooves.
进一步地，所述固定机构包括与缺口相适应的固定板、设置在固定板两侧且与卡槽滑动配合的卡块、设置在卡槽内且一端与卡块连接的弹性件以及与弹性件另一端连接且安装在卡槽的外端口的挡块，所述固定板的后侧壁开有与第一半边槽相对应的第二半边槽，所述第一半边槽与第二半边槽之间构成对输液袋口部的夹紧空间，所述弹性件的弹力构成夹紧力，向前侧拉动固定板，弹性件被压缩，固定板带动卡块沿卡槽滑动，以实现夹紧空间的松开。Further, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate adapted to the notch, a clamping block arranged on both sides of the fixing plate and slidingly matched with the clamping slot, an elastic member arranged in the clamping slot and connected with the clamping block at one end, and an elastic member. The other end is connected and installed on the stopper of the outer port of the card slot. A clamping space for the mouth of the infusion bag is formed between the two parts. The elastic force of the elastic member constitutes a clamping force. When the fixing plate is pulled forward, the elastic member is compressed, and the fixing plate drives the clamping block to slide along the clamping groove to realize the clamping space. of loosening.
进一步地，所述第一卡锁机构包括具有第一凹槽的第一抱环，所述第一抱环的一端与第一支板的侧壁于竖直面内铰接，第一抱环的另一端与该侧壁可拆卸连接，与所述第一凹槽相对应的第一支板侧壁上开有第二凹槽，所述第一凹槽与第二凹槽之间构成穿刺针卡紧空间。Further, the first locking mechanism includes a first holding ring with a first groove, one end of the first holding ring is hinged with the side wall of the first support plate in the vertical plane, and the first holding ring is hinged in the vertical plane. The other end is detachably connected to the side wall, a second groove is opened on the side wall of the first support plate corresponding to the first groove, and a puncture needle is formed between the first groove and the second groove Clamp the space.
进一步地，所述第二卡锁机构包括具有第三凹槽的第二抱环，所述第二抱环的一端与第二支板的侧壁于竖直面内铰接，第二抱环的另一端与该侧壁可拆卸连接，与所述第三凹槽相对应的第二支板侧壁上开有第四凹槽，所述第三凹槽与第四凹槽之间构成套筒卡紧空间。Further, the second locking mechanism includes a second holding ring with a third groove, one end of the second holding ring and the side wall of the second supporting plate are hinged in the vertical plane, and the second holding ring is hinged in the vertical plane. The other end is detachably connected to the side wall, a fourth groove is opened on the side wall of the second support plate corresponding to the third groove, and a sleeve is formed between the third groove and the fourth groove Clamp the space.
进一步地，所述穿刺针卡紧空间与套筒卡紧空间位于第一支板与第二支板之间相远离的一侧壁。Further, the puncture needle clamping space and the sleeve clamping space are located on a side wall away from the first support plate and the second support plate.
进一步地，所述支座的水平部分且靠近第一卡锁机构的下方开有与输液管相适应的U形孔，所述U形孔的一侧壁上铰接有卡条，与卡条相对的U形孔另一侧壁上开有与卡条相适应的卡孔，转动卡条以实现对输液管的松开与固定。Further, a U-shaped hole suitable for the infusion tube is opened on the horizontal part of the support and near the bottom of the first locking mechanism, and a side wall of the U-shaped hole is hinged with a clip, which is opposite to the clip. The other side wall of the U-shaped hole is provided with a clamping hole suitable for the clamping strip, and the clamping strip is rotated to realize the loosening and fixing of the infusion tube.
进一步地，所述穿刺针包括与第一卡锁机构相配合且下端连接输液管的固定端以及设置在固定端上端且前端呈尖锥状的针管本体，所述针管本体内具有第一腔体与第二腔体，所述第一腔体与输液管相导通，所述第二腔体用于容置传感器的连接电线。Further, the puncture needle includes a fixed end that cooperates with the first locking mechanism and the lower end is connected to the infusion tube, and a needle tube body disposed on the upper end of the fixed end and having a tapered front end, and the needle tube body has a first cavity. With the second cavity, the first cavity is in communication with the infusion tube, and the second cavity is used for accommodating the connecting wires of the sensor.
进一步地，所述支撑架的正面间距设有多个标签，所述标签与每个吊挂的输液袋位置相对应。Further, a plurality of labels are arranged on the front space of the support frame, and the labels correspond to the position of each hanging infusion bag.
本技术方案的自动换液器工作时，通过所述驱动部驱动滑块滑动，所述滑块带动消毒杆先进入第一个输液袋口部的下方，通过所述第二电动推杆带动消毒杆上升与下降以实现对输液袋口部消毒与回复原位，接着驱动部驱动滑块滑动以带动穿刺针进入输液袋口部的下方，通过所述第一电动推杆带动穿刺针上升以实现穿刺针插入输液袋口部，传感器感应输液袋内的液位，当液位低于传感器感应位时，控制器及时控制第一电动推杆下降以使穿刺针拔出，再通过驱动部驱动滑块滑动，滑块带动消毒杆进入下一个输液袋口部的下方，依上循环进行。When the automatic fluid changer of this technical solution works, the sliding block is driven by the driving part to slide, the sliding block drives the disinfection rod to enter the bottom of the mouth of the first infusion bag first, and the disinfection rod is driven by the second electric push rod to drive the disinfection rod. The rod rises and falls to sterilize the mouth of the infusion bag and return to its original position, and then the driving part drives the slider to slide to drive the puncture needle into the underside of the mouth of the infusion bag, and the first electric push rod drives the puncture needle to rise to achieve The puncture needle is inserted into the mouth of the infusion bag, and the sensor senses the liquid level in the infusion bag. When the liquid level is lower than the sensing position of the sensor, the controller controls the first electric push rod to descend in time to pull out the puncture needle, and then drives the slide through the driving part. The block slides, and the slider drives the sterilization rod into the lower part of the mouth of the next infusion bag, and proceeds according to the upper cycle.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、本发明的自动换液器，采用将多个输液袋或输液瓶等间距设置在固定架上，并在输液袋口部的下方设置穿刺针组件及消毒组件，通过滑动机构依次带动消毒杆与穿刺针分别进入输液袋口部的下方，先利用第二电动推杆带动消毒杆上升与下降以实现对输液袋口部消毒，再利用第一电动推杆带动穿刺针上升与下降以实现插拔于输液袋口部，穿刺针上的传感器可起到感应输液袋内液位的作用，进而实时控制穿刺针的下降或拔出时间，然后滑块带动消毒杆进入下一个输液袋口部的下方，依上循环进行，从而有效有效实现多个药袋连续自动更换输液的功能使用需要，极大减少护理人员的劳动量，有效提高输液效率；1. The automatic liquid changer of the present invention adopts a plurality of infusion bags or infusion bottles to be arranged on the fixing frame at equal intervals, and a puncture needle assembly and a sterilization assembly are arranged below the mouth of the infusion bag, and the sterilization rod is sequentially driven by a sliding mechanism. The puncture needle and the puncture needle respectively enter below the mouth of the infusion bag, first use the second electric push rod to drive the disinfection rod to rise and fall to realize the disinfection of the mouth of the infusion bag, and then use the first electric push rod to drive the puncture needle to rise and fall to achieve insertion. Pulled out from the mouth of the infusion bag, the sensor on the puncture needle can sense the liquid level in the infusion bag, and then control the drop or pull-out time of the puncture needle in real time, and then the slider drives the disinfection rod into the next infusion bag mouth. The lower part is carried out according to the upper cycle, so as to effectively and effectively realize the functional use needs of multiple medicine bags for continuous and automatic replacement of infusion, which greatly reduces the labor of nursing staff and effectively improves the efficiency of infusion;
2、本发明中的消毒组件，在穿刺针插拔输液袋口部输液之前，都经过了消毒杆的消毒处理，从根本上避免了护理人员手动操作时对药物的人为污染，杜绝了人体液对护理人员的感染情况发生，使用卫生安全。2. The sterilizing assembly in the present invention has been sterilized by a sterilizing rod before the puncture needle is inserted and pulled out of the infusion bag mouth for infusion, which fundamentally avoids the artificial contamination of medicines when the nursing staff operates manually, and eliminates human body fluids. In case of infection of nursing staff, it is safe to use hygiene.
3、本技术方案在使用时，设置的卡条可对穿过U形孔输液管进行固定，防止在输液过程中，由于人为活动等其它因素致使输液管甩动或拉扯的情况，造成输液管脱离等安全隐患发生，使用安全可靠；同时，设置的标签可与每个输液袋相对应，以标记输液袋的顺序序号或品类名称等，有效提高了使用的便利性，并具有实用性强的特点，适于本领域内推广应用。3. When this technical solution is in use, the set clips can fix the infusion tube passing through the U-shaped hole, so as to prevent the infusion tube from being shaken or pulled due to other factors such as human activities during the infusion process, resulting in the infusion tube. Safety hazards such as detachment occur, and the use is safe and reliable; at the same time, the set label can correspond to each infusion bag to mark the sequence number or category name of the infusion bag, which effectively improves the convenience of use and has strong practicability. Features, suitable for popularization and application in this field.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种自动换液器的主视结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of a kind of automatic liquid changer of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种自动换液器的左视结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a left-view structural schematic diagram of an automatic liquid changer of the present invention;
图3为图1中的局部放大结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged structural schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
图4为图3的俯视结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the top view structure schematic diagram of Fig. 3;
图5为本发明一种自动换液器的固定机构固定状态示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of a fixed state of a fixing mechanism of an automatic liquid changer according to the present invention;
图6为本发明一种自动换液器的固定机构拉开状态示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the fixing mechanism of an automatic fluid changer of the present invention is pulled apart.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“正”、“背”、“水平”、“竖直”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图1所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "horizontal", "vertical", etc. The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. limit.
如图1-6所示，一种自动换液器，主要根据输液袋或输液瓶的输液需要，本技术方案以输液袋展开技术说明，根据输液袋公知的结构特征，输液袋具有设置在后端的用于吊挂的环孔以及设置在前端用于穿刺针插拔的口部；本发明的自动换液器包括支架1、滑动机构2、穿刺针组件3以及消毒组件4，所述支架包括截面呈U形且开口朝向正面的固定架11以及设置在固定架下端并呈U形且开口朝下的支撑架12，固定架与支撑架优选采用一体成型，有利于降低制造成本，且提高结构强度，当然也可根据实际生产情况，选择焊接或螺栓固定等连接方式皆可；所述固定架的顶壁上沿固定架纵向等间距设有多个用于吊挂输液袋的挂钩111，可以理解的是，挂钩之间的间距至少大于输液袋的横向宽度，以满足输液袋的吊挂需要；所述支撑架的上端设有用于输液袋6的口部竖直穿过的缺口121，所述缺口上设有用于紧固输液袋口部的固定机构13；此处根据吊挂常识，挂钩优选具有伸缩能力或调节竖向高度的能力，以满足不同大小输液袋或输液瓶通过固定机构的固定需要；优选的，所述缺口呈矩形，且缺口的前侧贯穿支撑架的侧壁，也即延伸出支撑架的正面壁；缺口的后侧壁上开有第一半边槽122，第一半边槽优选呈半圆形，缺口的两侧壁上均开有卡槽123；所述固定机构包括与缺口相适应的固定板131、设置在固定板两侧且与卡槽滑动配合的卡块132、设置在卡槽内且一端与卡块连接的弹性件133以及与弹性件另一端连接且安装在卡槽的外端口的挡块134，弹性件优选为弹簧，挡块起到约束或阻挡弹性件的作用，以实现卡块沿卡槽的滑动需要，所述固定板的后侧壁开有与第一半边槽相对应的第二半边槽135，第二半边槽优选与第一半边槽相同的半圆形，第一半边槽与第二半边槽之间的圆形空间与输液袋的口部相适应，以使所述第一半边槽与第二半边槽之间构成对输液袋口部的夹紧空间，所述弹性件的弹力构成夹紧力，向前侧拉动固定板，弹性件被压缩，固定板带动卡块沿卡槽滑动，以实现夹紧空间的松开，有利于输液袋口部的固定与移除，使用方便。As shown in Figures 1-6, an automatic liquid changer is mainly based on the infusion needs of the infusion bag or the infusion bottle. The ring hole at the end for hanging and the mouth provided at the front end for the insertion and removal of the puncture needle; the automatic fluid changer of the present invention includes a bracket 1, a sliding
所述滑动机构包括滑槽21、滑块22、支座23、螺杆24以及与螺杆动力传递的驱动部25，所述滑槽沿支撑架纵向安装在支撑架位于背面的内壁上，所述滑块与螺杆螺纹连接且在螺杆转动下沿滑槽往复滑动，所述支座呈L形且安装在滑块上，支座的水平部分与支撑架的上端相平行，从而使输液袋口部端面与支座的水平部分相平行，以便于穿刺针组件的插拔。The sliding mechanism includes a
所述穿刺针组件包括竖向设置在支座水平部分的第一电动推杆31、连接在第一电动推杆的推杆上端的第一支板32、安装在第一支板上的穿刺针33以及设置在穿刺针前端的用于感应液位的传感器34，所述穿刺针通过第一卡锁机构35固定，安装时，穿刺针呈竖直状态固定，以便于穿刺针的前端呈竖直插拔于输液袋口部，第一电动推杆为穿刺针上升与下降的执行机构，当然可根据实际生产需要，替换为其它如气缸或液压杆等执行机构，此处优选电动形式，具有体积小，使用方便的优点。The puncture needle assembly includes a first
所述消毒组件包括竖向设置在支座水平部分上且与第一电动推杆沿滑槽纵向间距设置的第二电动推杆41、连接在第二电动推杆的推杆上端的第二支板42以及安装在第二支板上的消毒杆组合43，所述消毒杆组合包括套筒431、内套于套筒且沿套体轴向往复滑动的连杆432、设置在连杆上端的消毒杆433以及套设在连杆上且位于消毒杆与套筒之间的弹簧434，所述穿刺针、消毒杆与输液袋口部的轴心位于同一竖直面，所述套筒通过第二卡锁机构44固定，由上，消毒组件的安装固定方式与升降执行方式相同，此处不作赘述；The disinfection assembly includes a second
还包括设置在支座竖直部分背面上的控制器5，所述控制器用于集成控制驱动部、传感器、第一电动推杆与第二电动推杆，进而提高系统集成度与使用便利性，控制器设置在支座竖直部分背面上还可起到配重的作用，以平衡支座水平部分上的重力。It also includes a
作为优选的一种技术方案，所述第一卡锁机构包括具有第一凹槽351的第一抱环352，所述第一抱环的一端与第一支板的侧壁于竖直面内铰接，第一抱环的另一端与该侧壁可拆卸连接，优选采用蝶形螺母进行螺纹紧固，可轻松手动紧固与松懈，使用方便，与所述第一凹槽相对应的第一支板侧壁上开有第二凹槽353，所述第一凹槽与第二凹槽之间构成穿刺针卡紧空间。As a preferred technical solution, the first locking mechanism includes a
作为优选的一种技术方案，所述第二卡锁机构包括具有第三凹槽441的第二抱环442，所述第二抱环的一端与第二支板的侧壁于竖直面内铰接，第二抱环的另一端与该侧壁可拆卸连接，与所述第三凹槽相对应的第二支板侧壁上开有第四凹槽443，所述第三凹槽与第四凹槽之间构成套筒卡紧空间，由上可知，第二卡锁机构与第一卡锁机构的结构组成相同，固定方式可参考上述第一卡锁机构，此处不作赘述；优选的，所述穿刺针卡紧空间与套筒卡紧空间位于第一支板与第二支板之间相远离的一侧壁，进而保证穿刺针与套筒之间的间距，避免相互干扰影响，同时可减小支座的纵向宽度，结构更加紧凑。As a preferred technical solution, the second locking mechanism includes a
作为优选的一种技术方案，所述支座的水平部分且靠近第一卡锁机构的下方开有与输液管相适应的U形孔231，所述U形孔的一侧壁上铰接有卡条232，与卡条相对的U形孔另一侧壁上开有与卡条相适应的卡孔233，转动卡条以实现对输液管的松开与固定，操作简单，防止在输液过程中，由于人为活动等其它因素致使输液管甩动或拉扯的情况，造成输液管脱离等安全隐患发生，提高输液安全性。As a preferred technical solution, a
作为优选的一种技术方案，所述穿刺针包括与第一卡锁机构相配合且下端连接输液管的固定端331以及设置在固定端上端且前端呈尖锥状的针管本体332，所述针管本体内具有第一腔体333与第二腔体334，所述第一腔体与输液管相导通，所述第二腔体用于容置传感器的连接电线，从而保证传感器的安装与针管本体的穿刺功能相结合。As a preferred technical solution, the puncture needle includes a
作为优选的一种技术方案，所述支撑架的正面间距设有多个标签124，所述标签与每个吊挂的输液袋位置相对应，可在标签上标记输液袋的顺序序号或品类名称等，有效提高使用便利性。As a preferred technical solution, a plurality of
本技术方案一种自动换液器的使用方法：This technical solution is a method of using an automatic liquid changer:
工作流程如下：The workflow is as follows:
1)通过所述驱动部驱动滑块滑动，所述滑块带动消毒杆先进入第一个输液袋口部的下方，通过所述第二电动推杆带动消毒杆上升与下降以实现对输液袋口部消毒与回复原位；1) The sliding block is driven by the driving part to slide, and the sliding block drives the disinfection rod to enter the bottom of the mouth of the first infusion bag first, and the second electric push rod drives the disinfection rod to rise and fall to realize the operation of the infusion bag. Oral disinfection and return to original position;
2)接着，驱动部驱动滑块滑动以带动穿刺针进入输液袋口部的下方，通过所述第一电动推杆带动穿刺针上升以实现穿刺针插入输液袋口部，传感器感应输液袋内的液位，当液位低于传感器感应位时，控制器及时控制第一电动推杆下降以使穿刺针拔出；2) Next, the driving part drives the slider to slide to drive the puncture needle into the underside of the mouth of the infusion bag, and the first electric push rod drives the puncture needle to rise to realize the insertion of the puncture needle into the mouth of the infusion bag, and the sensor senses the puncture needle in the infusion bag. Liquid level, when the liquid level is lower than the sensor sensing level, the controller controls the first electric push rod to descend in time to pull out the puncture needle;
3)再通过驱动部驱动滑块滑动，滑块带动消毒杆进入下一个输液袋口部的下方，依上步骤循环进行；3) Then drive the slider to slide through the driving part, and the slider drives the disinfection rod to enter the bottom of the mouth of the next infusion bag, and the cycle is carried out according to the above steps;
综上所述，全部运动单元包括驱动部、第一电动推杆、第二电动推杆与传感器都通过控制器集成控制，控制器可预先设定第一电动推杆与第二电动推杆的升降高度，滑块每一次的滑动距离，比如：穿刺针与消毒杆之间的间距为a，相邻输液袋口部之间的间距为b，即可优先设定滑块的每次位移量为a与b相交替，其控制程序比较简单，容易实现。To sum up, all the motion units including the driving part, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod and the sensor are all controlled by the controller. The controller can preset the relationship between the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod. Lifting height, the sliding distance of the slider each time, for example: the distance between the puncture needle and the disinfection rod is a, and the distance between the mouths of the adjacent infusion bags is b, and the displacement amount of the slider can be set first. For the alternation of a and b, the control program is relatively simple and easy to implement.
以上的说明和实施例仅是范例性的，并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换，但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。The above descriptions and examples are exemplary only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN108478897A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
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