Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a battery pack implementation device that performs charging at a low temperature while ensuring a charge rate and a charge capacity without damaging the battery pack.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the low-temperature charging storage battery pack realizing device comprises a temperature sensor arranged at the positive electrode of the battery core, a heating film wrapped at the outer side of the battery core, a temperature control automatic switching module and external charging equipment; the external charging equipment is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell through the temperature control automatic switching module to form a charging channel, and the external charging equipment is connected with the heating film through the temperature control automatic switching module to form a heating channel; the temperature control automatic switching module is connected with the temperature sensor and selectively connected with the charging channel and the heating channel according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.
A temperature sensor is arranged near the positive electrode of the battery pack internal cell and is used for monitoring the internal temperature T of the battery pack; the positive electrode of the battery cell can reflect the real temperature of the battery cell most. The heating film is tightly wrapped on the metal shell at the outer side of the single battery in a winding mode so as to ensure rapid temperature rise and heating; the temperature control automatic switching module automatically judges whether heating needs to be started or not by reading the temperature T of the temperature sensor. When an external power supply is connected to charge the battery pack, the temperature control automatic switching module reads a temperature T value, when the temperature T value is lower than a temperature T1, the external power supply is firstly switched to a heating channel to enable a heating film to start to work and heat, when the T value reaches a certain temperature T1, the heating channel is cut off, the external power supply is switched to the charging channel, and the battery pack is charged; when the T value is lower than a certain temperature T1 again, the cycle is repeated, and the temperature of the battery cell is always higher than the safe charging temperature when the battery pack is charged.
The temperature control automatic switching module comprises a temperature control signal generating circuit and a charging and discharging signal generating circuit, wherein the temperature control signal generating circuit is as follows: the +5V voltage is connected to the inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator through the first resistor, the inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator is grounded through the third resistor, the +5V voltage is connected to the non-inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator through the second resistor, the non-inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator is grounded through the temperature sensor, and the output end of the 1 st-1 st comparator generates a temperature control signal;
the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor is input to the non-inverting input end of the 1 st-1 comparator, the set standard value temperature T1 is input to the inverting input end, and when the temperature T < T1 is detected, the heating channel circuit starts to work; on the contrary, the charging channel works, and the heating channel and the charging channel are automatically switched at the temperature point T1.
The charge-discharge signal generating circuit is as follows: the negative electrode of the battery pack is connected to the non-inverting input end of the 5-1 th comparator and the inverting input end of the 5-2 th comparator, the negative electrode of the battery pack is connected to the ground through a twenty-first resistor and a twenty-sixth resistor parallel branch, the twenty-first resistor and a twenty-fourth resistor parallel branch are connected to the ground, the inverting input end of the 5-1 th comparator and the non-inverting input end of the 5-2 th comparator are grounded, the output end of the 5-1 th comparator generates a discharge signal, and the output end of the 5-2 th comparator generates a charging signal;
when the external load of the battery pack discharges, the discharge current flows to the ground from the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery pack is larger than that of the ground, and the two potential signals are sent to a 5-1 comparator for comparison to generate a high-level discharge signal; when the battery pack is externally connected with a charger, charging current flows from the ground to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the potential of the negative electrode of the battery pack is smaller than the ground potential, and the two potential signals are sent to a 5-2 comparator for comparison to generate a high-level charging signal.
The temperature control signal and the charging signal are connected to the input end of a sixth AND gate circuit, the output end of the sixth AND gate circuit is connected to the base electrode of a second triode through an eleventh resistor, the emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded, the collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the grid electrode of a field effect transistor and the collector electrode of a third triode, the drain electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with the in-phase input end of a 1-2 comparator through a heating film, the in-phase input end of the 1-2 comparator is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack and the inverting input end of the 1-2 comparator through a parallel branch circuit of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor, and the output end of the 1-2 comparator generates a heating signal; the source electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with the anode of the battery pack and the collector electrode of the third triode through the switch and the eighth resistor respectively, and the emitter electrode of the third triode is grounded;
when the battery pack is connected with the charger, the charger is electrified instantly, the charger has a charging current for the battery pack, the charging signal is at a high level at the moment, if the battery pack is in a low-temperature environment, the temperature control signal is also at a high level, a switch circuit consisting of an eleventh resistor, a second triode and an eighth resistor is controlled to be opened by outputting a high-level signal through a sixth AND gate circuit, and meanwhile, a field effect tube, a heating film, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor heating channel are opened to have heating currents passing through, and a 1-2 comparator compares voltage signals at two ends of the fifth sampling resistor and the sixth sampling resistor to generate heating signals.
The discharging signal and the heating signal are connected to the input end of the exclusive-OR gate circuit, the output end of the exclusive-OR gate circuit and the temperature control signal are connected to the input end of the 3-1 rd AND gate circuit, the output end of the 3-1 rd AND gate circuit and the heating signal are connected to the input end of the 3-2 rd AND gate circuit, and the output end of the 3-2 rd AND gate circuit generates a channel switching signal and is connected to the base electrode of the third triode through the twelfth resistor.
When the battery pack is connected with the battery pack and the battery pack is in a low-temperature environment, a heating signal is generated at the moment of power-on, at the moment, the discharging signal is in a low level, a high-level signal generated by sending the two levels into the exclusive OR circuit and a temperature control signal are sent into a 3-1 AND gate circuit, and then the high-level signal generated by the 3-1 AND gate circuit and the heating signal (at the moment, the high level) are subjected to phase-connection, so that a channel switching signal is generated.
When the charging machine is connected with the battery pack, the charging machine is started to be electrified in a low-temperature environment, a charging signal and a heating signal are generated before and after the charging machine is electrified, after the heating signal is detected, a channel switching signal of a heating channel and a charging channel is generated through an exclusive OR circuit and an AND circuit, and when the channel switching signal is in a high level, the heating channel is started; conversely, the heating channel is closed. When the heating channel is opened, heating the battery pack, when the temperature T is higher than T1, changing the temperature control signal into a low level, generating a low level signal of the temperature control signal through an AND gate, closing the heating channel, and stopping heating; when the temperature T is lower than T1 again, the heating channel is started again to heat.
A protection circuit is arranged in the charging channel, and the protection circuit adopts an S-8204A series battery to protect an IC.
The protection circuit is characterized in that a protection chip is arranged in a charging channel, an S-8204A series battery protection IC is adopted to prevent an external charging device from overcharging and charging a battery pack, prevent overdischarging and short circuit when the battery is discharged, and cut off the channel between the battery pack and a port to achieve a protection effect when a charging port and a discharging port are short-circuited; a temperature control switch is arranged between the heating channel and the charge and discharge port to prevent the heating channel from being cut off when the heating is out of control.
The heating film is a graphene heating film with extremely high heat conversion efficiency. The graphene heating film is tightly adhered to the metal shell at the outer side of the single battery in a winding mode, so that the heat conduction rate can be accelerated, and rapid heating is ensured.
Preferably, the electric core is round, and the heating film is wrapped outside the electric core in an S shape.
Preferably, the electric core is sheet-shaped, and the heating film is wrapped outside the electric core in a return shape.
The invention can accurately acquire the temperature of the battery cell of the battery pack through the temperature sensor, and rapidly heat the battery cell, so that the problem of charging the battery pack in a low-temperature environment can be effectively solved, and the charging rate and the charging capacity can be ensured under the condition that the battery pack is not damaged. The invention effectively solves the charging problem of the battery pack in a low-temperature environment and prevents the battery from being physically damaged due to insufficient charging caused by the low temperature during charging.
Detailed Description
The low-temperature charging storage battery pack realizing device comprises a temperature sensor arranged at the positive electrode of a battery cell, a graphene heating film wrapped at the outer side of the battery cell, a temperature control automatic switching module and external charging equipment as shown in fig. 1; the external charging equipment is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell through the temperature control automatic switching module to form a charging channel, and the external charging equipment is connected with the graphene heating film through the temperature control automatic switching module to form a heating channel; the temperature control automatic switching module is connected with the temperature sensor and selectively connected with the charging channel and the heating channel according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor. A protection circuit is arranged in the charging channel, and the protection circuit adopts an S-8204A series battery to protect an IC.
As shown in fig. 2, the temperature control automatic switching module includes a temperature control signal generating circuit and a charge/discharge signal generating circuit, where the temperature control signal generating circuit is: the +5V voltage is connected to the inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator U1-1 through a first resistor R1, the inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator U1-1 is grounded GND through a third resistor R3, the +5V voltage is connected to the non-inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator U1-1 through a second resistor R2, the non-inverting input end of the 1 st-1 st comparator U1-1 is grounded GND through a temperature sensor Rt1, and the output end of the 1 st-1 st comparator U1-1 generates a temperature control signal Tem;
the charge-discharge signal generating circuit is as follows: the negative pole Port-of the battery pack is connected to the non-inverting input end of the 5-1 th comparator U5-1 and the inverting input end of the 5-2 th comparator U5-2, the negative pole Port-of the battery pack is connected in parallel with a branch circuit through a twenty-first resistor R21 and a twenty-sixth resistor R26, the twenty-fourth resistor R20 and the twenty-fourth resistor R24 are connected in parallel with the branch circuit to be grounded GND, the inverting input end of the 5-1 th comparator U5-1 and the non-inverting input end of the 5-2 th comparator U5-2 are grounded GND, the output end of the 5-1 th comparator U5-1 generates a discharge signal DOP, and the output end of the 5-2 th comparator U5-2 generates a charging signal COP;
the temperature control signal Tem and the charging signal COP are connected to the input end of a sixth AND gate circuit U6, the output end of the sixth AND gate circuit U6 is connected to the base electrode of a second triode Q2 through an eleventh resistor R11, the emitter electrode of the second triode Q2 is grounded GND, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of a field effect tube Q1 and the collector electrode of a third triode Q3, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with the in-phase input end of a 1-2 comparator U1-2 through a heating film R4, the in-phase input end of the 1-2 comparator U1-2 is connected with the negative electrode Port-, 1-2 inverting input end of a battery pack through a parallel branch circuit of a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6, and the output end of the 1-2 comparator U1-2 generates a heating signal Heat; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the positive electrode Port+ of the battery pack and the collector electrode of the third triode Q3 through a switch S1 and an eighth resistor R8 respectively, and the emitter electrode of the third triode Q3 is grounded GND;
the discharging signal DOP and the heating signal Heat are connected to the input end of the exclusive-OR gate circuit U2, the output end of the exclusive-OR gate circuit U2 and the temperature control signal Tem are connected to the input end of the 3-1 rd AND gate circuit U3-1, the output end of the 3-1 rd AND gate circuit U3-1 and the heating signal Heat are connected to the input end of the 3-2 rd AND gate circuit U3-2, and the output end of the 3-2 rd AND gate circuit U3-2 generates a channel switching signal CTL and is connected to the base electrode of the third triode Q3 through a twelfth resistor R12.
As shown in fig. 3, the electric core is circular, and the heating film is S-shaped and wrapped on the outer side of the electric core.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric core is sheet-shaped, and the heating film is wrapped outside the electric core in a loop shape.