CN108319513B - A message passing method and device in a multi-partition operating system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本申请涉及嵌入式技术领域，尤其涉及一种多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法及装置。The present application relates to the field of embedded technologies, and in particular, to a method and device for message passing in a multi-partition operating system.
背景技术Background technique
随着互联网技术的飞速发展，应用于航空领域的航空电子软件的种类也日益繁多，由于航空电子软件对安全性和可靠性要求比较高，因此，要求运行航空电子软件的操作系统的安全性也比较高。With the rapid development of Internet technology, there are more and more types of avionics software used in the aviation field. Since avionics software has high requirements for safety and reliability, the security of the operating system that runs avionics software is also required. relatively high.
目前，多是使用安全性比较高的ARINC653操作系统来开发航空电子软件，其中，ARINC653操作系统可以将电子设备划分出多个分区，并且在不同分区中运行不同的应用，不同应用之间通过ARINC653操作系统提供的端口进行通信。由于ARINC653操作系统仅提供了基本的区间通信端口，难以满足实际业务流程中不同分区间的通信需求，因此，在开发应用软件时，开发人员需要结合具体的业务流程和实际的分区数量重新配置区间通信端口，配置过程比较复杂，并且，当分区数量增加时，开发人员还需要重新配置区间通信端口，这样，区间通信端口的配置工作比较复杂，并且需要对配置的每一通信端口进行测试，因此，还会增加测试成本。At present, the ARINC653 operating system with high security is mostly used to develop avionics software. Among them, the ARINC653 operating system can divide electronic equipment into multiple partitions, and run different applications in different partitions. port provided by the operating system for communication. Since the ARINC653 operating system only provides basic interval communication ports, it is difficult to meet the communication requirements between different partitions in the actual business process. Therefore, when developing application software, developers need to reconfigure the interval based on the specific business process and the actual number of partitions. Communication ports, the configuration process is more complicated, and when the number of partitions increases, developers also need to reconfigure the interval communication ports. In this way, the configuration of the interval communication ports is more complicated, and each configured communication port needs to be tested. Therefore, , but also increases the cost of testing.
可见，现有技术中存在着区间通信端口的配置工作比较复杂、测试成本也比较高的问题。It can be seen that there are problems in the prior art that the configuration of the interval communication ports is relatively complicated and the testing cost is relatively high.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本申请实施例提供一种多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法及装置，用以解决现有技术中存在着区间通信端口的配置工作比较复杂、测试成本也比较高的问题。Embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for message passing in a multi-partition operating system, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the configuration work of the inter-region communication ports is relatively complicated and the test cost is relatively high.
本申请实施例提供的一种多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法，包括：A message passing method in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
通过中间件提供的消息发送接口接收各分区中的应用发送的消息，其中，每一条消息都具有一个消息号，所述消息号用于标识该条消息的传递机制；Receive messages sent by applications in each partition through a message sending interface provided by the middleware, wherein each message has a message number, and the message number is used to identify the delivery mechanism of the message;
对接收到的每一条消息，根据该条消息的消息号和配置的消息号与物理总线之间的对应关系，确定对该条消息进行派发时使用的物理总线，使用所述物理总线派发该条消息；For each received message, according to the message number of the message and the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the physical bus, determine the physical bus used when the message is dispatched, and use the physical bus to dispatch the message information;
从各物理总线上读取消息，对读取到的每一条消息进行解析，得到该条消息的消息号；Read messages from each physical bus, parse each read message, and get the message number of the message;
对具有相同消息号的消息，根据配置的消息号与目的应用之间的对应关系，确定所述消息对应的目的应用，通过所述中间件提供的消息接收接口将所述消息发送给所述目的应用。For messages with the same message number, determine the destination application corresponding to the message according to the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the destination application, and send the message to the destination through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware. application.
本申请实施例提供的一种多分区操作系统中的消息传递装置，包括：A message passing device in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
接收模块，用于通过中间件提供的消息发送接口接收各分区中的应用发送的消息，其中，每一条消息都具有一个消息号，所述消息号用于标识该条消息的传递机制；a receiving module, configured to receive messages sent by applications in each partition through a message sending interface provided by the middleware, wherein each message has a message number, and the message number is used to identify the delivery mechanism of the message;
派发模块，用于对接收到的每一条消息，根据该条消息的消息号和配置的消息号与物理总线之间的对应关系，确定对该条消息进行派发时使用的物理总线，使用所述物理总线派发该条消息；The dispatching module is used to determine the physical bus used for dispatching the message according to the corresponding relationship between the message number of the message and the configured message number and the physical bus for each received message, and use the The physical bus dispatches this message;
读取模块，用于从各物理总线上读取消息，对读取到的每一条消息进行解析，得到该条消息的消息号；The reading module is used to read messages from each physical bus, parse each read message, and obtain the message number of the message;
发送模块，用于对具有相同消息号的消息，根据配置的消息号与目的应用之间的对应关系，确定所述消息对应的目的应用，通过所述中间件提供的消息接收接口将所述消息发送给所述目的应用。The sending module is configured to, for messages with the same message number, determine the destination application corresponding to the message according to the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the destination application, and send the message through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware. sent to the destination application.
本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备，包括至少一个处理单元、以及至少一个存储单元，其中，所述存储单元存储有程序代码，当所述程序代码被所述处理单元执行时，使得所述电子设备执行上述多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法的步骤。An electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes at least one processing unit and at least one storage unit, wherein the storage unit stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by the processing unit, the The electronic device executes the steps of the above-mentioned message passing method in the multi-partition operating system.
本申请实施例提供的一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序代码，当所述程序代码在电子设备上运行时，使所述电子设备执行上述多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application includes program code, which, when the program code runs on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the steps of the above-mentioned message passing method in a multi-partition operating system.
本申请实施例中，通过中间件提供的消息发送接口接收各分区中的应用发送的消息，其中，每一条消息都具有一个用于标识该条消息的传递机制的消息号，之后，对每一条消息，根据该条消息的消息号和配置的消息号与物理总线之间的对应关系，确定对该条消息进行派发时使用的物理总线，然后使用确定出的物理总线派发该条消息，进一步地，从各物理总线上读取消息，对读取的每一条消息进行解析得到该条消息的消息号，并对具有相同消息号的消息，根据配置的消息号与目的应用之间的对应关系，确定这些消息对应的目的应用，目的应用通过中间件提供的消息接收接口即可收取这些消息。这里，由中间件为分区中的各应用提供统一的消息发送接口和消息接收接口，不同分区中的应用进行消息传递时，源应用只需调用消息发送接口发送消息，目的应用只需调用消息接收接口接收消息，开发人员不必再关心区间通信端口的底层配置，即不必进行复杂的区间通信端口配置工作，并且也不必对区间通信端口进行测试，因此还可以降低测试成本。In the embodiment of the present application, the messages sent by the applications in each partition are received through the message sending interface provided by the middleware, wherein each message has a message number used to identify the delivery mechanism of the message, and then, for each message message, according to the corresponding relationship between the message number of the message and the configured message number and the physical bus, determine the physical bus used when the message is dispatched, and then use the determined physical bus to dispatch the message, and further , read messages from each physical bus, parse each read message to get the message number of the message, and for messages with the same message number, according to the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the destination application, The destination application corresponding to these messages is determined, and the destination application can receive these messages through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware. Here, the middleware provides a unified message sending interface and message receiving interface for each application in the partition. When applications in different partitions perform message transmission, the source application only needs to call the message sending interface to send the message, and the destination application only needs to call the message receiving interface. When the interface receives the message, the developer does not need to care about the underlying configuration of the interval communication port, that is, there is no need to perform complex configuration of the interval communication port, and there is no need to test the interval communication port, so the test cost can also be reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本申请实施例提供的多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法流程图；1 is a flowchart of a message passing method in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的航空电子软件的软件架构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a software architecture of avionics software provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的第一分区中的应用A向第二分区中的应用B 发送消息的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of an application A in a first partition sending a message to an application B in a second partition according to an embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例提供的多分区操作系统中的消息传递装置结构图；4 is a structural diagram of a message passing apparatus in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例提供的用于实现多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法的电子设备的硬件结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device for implementing a message passing method in a multi-partition operating system according to an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本申请实施例中，通过中间件提供的消息发送接口接收各分区中的应用发送的消息，其中，每一条消息都具有一个用于标识该条消息的传递机制的消息号，之后，对每一条消息，根据该条消息的消息号和配置的消息号与物理总线之间的对应关系，确定对该条消息进行派发时使用的物理总线，然后使用确定出的物理总线派发该条消息，进一步地，从各物理总线上读取消息，对读取的每一条消息进行解析得到该条消息的消息号，并对具有相同消息号的消息，根据配置的消息号与目的应用之间的对应关系，确定这些消息对应的目的应用，目的应用通过中间件提供的消息接收接口即可收取这些消息。这里，由中间件为分区中的各应用提供统一的消息发送接口和消息接收接口，不同分区中的应用进行消息传递时，源应用只需调用消息发送接口发送消息，目的应用只需调用消息接收接口接收消息，开发人员不必再关心区间通信端口的底层配置，即不必进行复杂的区间通信端口配置工作，并且也不必对区间通信端口进行测试，因此还可以降低测试成本。In the embodiment of the present application, the messages sent by the applications in each partition are received through the message sending interface provided by the middleware, wherein each message has a message number used to identify the delivery mechanism of the message, and then, for each message message, according to the corresponding relationship between the message number of the message and the configured message number and the physical bus, determine the physical bus used when the message is dispatched, and then use the determined physical bus to dispatch the message, and further , read messages from each physical bus, parse each read message to get the message number of the message, and for messages with the same message number, according to the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the destination application, The destination application corresponding to these messages is determined, and the destination application can receive these messages through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware. Here, the middleware provides a unified message sending interface and message receiving interface for each application in the partition. When applications in different partitions perform message transmission, the source application only needs to call the message sending interface to send the message, and the destination application only needs to call the message receiving interface. When the interface receives the message, the developer does not need to care about the underlying configuration of the interval communication port, that is, there is no need to perform complex configuration of the interval communication port, and there is no need to test the interval communication port, so the test cost can also be reduced.
下面结合说明书附图对本申请实施例作进一步详细描述。The embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，为本申请实施例提供的多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法流程图，包括以下步骤：As shown in FIG. 1 , a flowchart of a message passing method in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
S101：通过中间件提供的消息发送接口接收各分区中的应用发送的消息。S101: Receive a message sent by an application in each partition through a message sending interface provided by the middleware.
其中，每一条消息都具有一个消息号，消息号用于标识该条消息的传递机制，为了得到每一条消息的消息号，中间件提供的消息发送接口可以包含至少两个参数，一个参数代表消息内容，一个参数代表消息号，消息号决定了传输消息时使用的物理总线、消息传输至的目的应用、以及消息的转换规则，这样，具有相同消息号的消息其传递机制相同，具有不同消息号的消息其传递机制则不相同。Among them, each message has a message number, and the message number is used to identify the transmission mechanism of the message. In order to obtain the message number of each message, the message sending interface provided by the middleware can contain at least two parameters, one parameter represents the message Content, a parameter represents the message number. The message number determines the physical bus used when transmitting the message, the destination application to which the message is transmitted, and the conversion rules of the message. In this way, messages with the same message number have the same transmission mechanism, but different message numbers. The message delivery mechanism is different.
在具体实施过程中，任一分区中的应用在调用消息发送接口发送消息时，只需指定消息发送接口中各参数的取值即可将消息发送到中间件，后续，中间件根据消息的消息号和预先为消息号设置的传递机制，就可确定消息的传递机制。In the specific implementation process, when an application in any partition calls the message sending interface to send a message, it only needs to specify the value of each parameter in the message sending interface to send the message to the middleware. number and the delivery mechanism pre-set for the message number, the delivery mechanism of the message can be determined.
S102：对接收到的每一条消息，根据该条消息的消息号和配置的消息号与物理总线之间的对应关系，确定对该条消息进行派发时使用的物理总线，使用确定的物理总线派发该条消息。S102: For each received message, according to the message number of the message and the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the physical bus, determine the physical bus used for dispatching the message, and use the determined physical bus to dispatch the message.
在具体实施过程中，每一条消息可以有两种存在形式，一种是适用于在应用中传输的应用消息，应用消息开发人员能直接看懂、直接使用；另一种是适用于在物理总线上传输的网络消息，如接口控制文件(Interface Control Document)形式的消息，简称ICD消息。In the specific implementation process, each message can exist in two forms. One is the application message that is suitable for transmission in the application, and the application message developer can directly understand and use it; the other is suitable for the physical bus. The network message transmitted over the Internet, such as a message in the form of an interface control document (Interface Control Document), referred to as an ICD message.
其中，网络消息是对应用消息的压缩，并且可用于描述应用消息中每个位域信号的含义和内容，如是否为字符串标识、是否有精度要求、精度是多少、每个位域信号相对于信号的偏移、位域信号对应的应用数据类型等，并且网络消息由多个信号组成，每个信号又可以由多个位域信号组成。Among them, the network message is the compression of the application message, and can be used to describe the meaning and content of each bit-field signal in the application message, such as whether it is a string identifier, whether there is a precision requirement, what is the precision, and the relative value of each bit-field signal It depends on the offset of the signal, the application data type corresponding to the bit-field signal, etc., and the network message is composed of multiple signals, and each signal may be composed of multiple bit-field signals.
上述通过消息发送接口接收到的消息为应用消息，在具体实施过程中，为了节省物理总线资源，可以将接收到的应用消息转换为网络消息，之后在物理总线中传输网络消息。The above messages received through the message sending interface are application messages. In the specific implementation process, in order to save physical bus resources, the received application messages can be converted into network messages, and then the network messages are transmitted on the physical bus.
具体地，每个消息号均可对应一个应用消息与ICD消息之间的转换规则，即可以预先为每个消息号设置专属的消息转换规则，之后，对接收到的每一条应用消息，可以根据该条应用消息的消息号和为该消息号设置的消息转换规则，将该条应用消息转换为物理消息，之后，再使用与该消息号对应的物理总线派发转换后的物理消息，其中，转换前、后应用消息和物理消息的消息号保持不变。Specifically, each message number can correspond to a conversion rule between an application message and an ICD message, that is, a dedicated message conversion rule can be set for each message number in advance. The message number of the application message and the message conversion rule set for the message number convert the application message into a physical message, and then use the physical bus corresponding to the message number to distribute the converted physical message. The message numbers of pre- and post-application messages and physical messages remain unchanged.
比如，1号应用消息的数据结构为：int|int|int|short|，为1号应用消息设置的消息转换规则为：第一个int数据转换成ICD数据后对应4位，偏移从0开始；第二个int数据转换成ICD数据后对应5位，偏移从8开始；第三个int 数据转换成ICD数据后对应5位，偏移从16开始；第四个short数据转换成ICD 数据后对应3位，偏移从24开始。For example, the data structure of application message No. 1 is: int|int|int|short|, and the message conversion rule set for application message No. 1 is: the first int data is converted into ICD data and corresponds to 4 bits, and the offset is from 0 Start; the second int data is converted to ICD data and corresponds to 5 bits, and the offset starts from 8; the third int data is converted to ICD data and corresponds to 5 bits, and the offset starts from 16; the fourth short data is converted to ICD There are 3 bits after the data, and the offset starts from 24.
那么转换后的1号ICD消息由一个信号组成，且信号中含有的4个位域分别为：第一个int数据转换成ICD数据后对应4位，偏移从0开始，0到3位表示第一个应用数据；第二个int数据转换成ICD数据后对应5位，偏移从8 开始，8到12位表示第二个应用数据；第三个int数据转换成ICD数据后对应 5位，偏移从16开始，16到20位表示第三个应用数据；第四个short数据转换成ICD数据后对应3位，偏移从24开始，24到26位表示第四个应用数据。Then the converted No. 1 ICD message consists of a signal, and the 4 bit fields contained in the signal are: the first int data is converted into ICD data, corresponding to 4 bits, the offset starts from 0, and 0 to 3 bits represent The first application data; the second int data is converted into ICD data and corresponds to 5 bits, the offset starts from 8, and 8 to 12 bits represent the second application data; the third int data is converted into ICD data and corresponds to 5 bits , the offset starts from 16, and bits 16 to 20 represent the third application data; the fourth short data is converted into ICD data and corresponds to 3 bits, the offset starts from 24, and bits 24 to 26 represent the fourth application data.
以32位机为例，转换前1号应用消息的长度为：3*4+2＝14字节，转换后 1号ICD消息的长度为4字节，可以节省10个字节。Taking a 32-bit machine as an example, the length of the No. 1 application message before conversion is: 3*4+2=14 bytes, and the length of the No. 1 ICD message after conversion is 4 bytes, which can save 10 bytes.
在具体实施过程中，为每一消息号设置的消息转换规则是根据消息的数据结构和实际的业务需求确定的，在此只是列举了一种具体的消息转换规则，并不构成对消息转换规则的限定，所有可以将应用消息转换为网络消息的规则都属于本申请实施例中消息转换规则的范畴。In the specific implementation process, the message conversion rules set for each message number are determined according to the data structure of the message and the actual business requirements. Here, only a specific message conversion rule is listed, and it does not constitute a specific message conversion rule. All rules that can convert application messages into network messages belong to the category of message conversion rules in this embodiment of the present application.
S103：从各物理总线上读取消息，对读取到的每一条消息进行解析，得到该条消息的消息号。S103: Read messages from each physical bus, parse each read message, and obtain a message number of the message.
这里，从各物理总线上读取到的消息为适用于在物理总线上传输的网络消息。Here, the messages read from each physical bus are network messages suitable for transmission on the physical bus.
在具体实施过程中，对每一种物理总线，都存在一个接收进程，用于从该物理总线上周期性读取消息，其中，物理总线的种类如光纤通道(Fiber Channel， FC)总线和1553总线。In the specific implementation process, for each physical bus, there is a receiving process for periodically reading messages from the physical bus, wherein the types of the physical bus are fiber channel (Fiber Channel, FC) bus and 1553 bus.
S104：对具有相同消息号的消息，根据配置的消息号与目的应用之间的对应关系，确定这些消息对应的目的应用，通过中间件提供的消息接收接口将这些消息发送给目的应用。S104: For messages with the same message number, determine the destination application corresponding to the message according to the corresponding relationship between the configured message number and the destination application, and send the messages to the destination application through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware.
在具体实施过程中，物理总线中存在着各种各样的消息，同一时刻可能有多个源应用向同一个目的应用发送消息，并且这些消息都可以从物理总线上读取到，为了提高消息的发送效率，可以将目的应用相同的消息进行打包，之后一起发送给目的应用。In the specific implementation process, there are various messages in the physical bus. At the same time, there may be multiple source applications sending messages to the same destination application, and these messages can be read from the physical bus. In order to improve the message The same message of the destination application can be packaged, and then sent to the destination application together.
并且，为了便于在应用间传递消息，对任一组具有相同消息号的消息，在将这些消息发送给对应的目的应用时，还可以根据这些网络消息的消息号和预设的消息转换规则，将这些网络消息转换为应用消息，之后，再通过中间件提供的消息接收接口将这些应用消息发送给对应的目的应用。In addition, in order to facilitate the transfer of messages between applications, for any group of messages with the same message number, when these messages are sent to the corresponding destination applications, the message numbers of these network messages and the preset message conversion rules can also be used. These network messages are converted into application messages, and then these application messages are sent to the corresponding destination applications through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware.
与中间件提供的消息发送接口类似，消息接收接口也至少包含两个参数，其中，一个参数代表消息内容，一个参数代表消息号。Similar to the message sending interface provided by the middleware, the message receiving interface also contains at least two parameters, one of which represents the content of the message, and the other represents the number of the message.
可选地，当通过中间件提供的消息接收接口将消息发送给目的应用时，还可以根据消息的消息号确定消息的类型，再根据消息的类型和配置的消息类型与缓冲区之间的对应关系确定这些消息对应的缓冲区，并将这些消息存储在确定的缓冲区中，之后，再通过中间件提供的消息接收接口将缓冲区中的消息发送给目的应用，其中，消息的类型包括采样消息和队列消息。Optionally, when the message is sent to the destination application through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware, the type of the message can also be determined according to the message number of the message, and then the correspondence between the type of the message and the configured message type and the buffer can be determined. The relationship determines the buffers corresponding to these messages, and stores these messages in the determined buffers. After that, the messages in the buffers are sent to the destination application through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware. The types of the messages include sampling messages and queue messages.
并且，在将缓存区中的消息发送给目的应用时，可以指示目的应用主动调用中间件提供的消息接收接口接收消息；也可以采用回调的方式接收消息。Moreover, when sending the message in the buffer area to the target application, the target application can be instructed to actively call the message receiving interface provided by the middleware to receive the message; the message can also be received in a callback manner.
具体地，预先为目标应用构建至少一个回调函数，将各回调函数注册到中间件中，并使每一个回调函数与一个消息号绑定，之后保存绑定了回调函数的消息号。当确定缓存中消息的消息号位于保存的消息号集合中时，调用与该消息的消息号之间具有绑定关系的回调函数，将消息主动发送给目的应用。Specifically, at least one callback function is constructed for the target application in advance, each callback function is registered in the middleware, and each callback function is bound with a message number, and then the message number bound to the callback function is saved. When it is determined that the message number of the message in the cache is in the saved message number set, a callback function that has a binding relationship with the message number of the message is called to actively send the message to the destination application.
现有技术中，航空电子软件开发过程中，为方便开发人员理解和使用各种数据，通常将数据定义成基本类型数据，或者将数据组织成以基本数据类型为基础的数据结构，为了节省空间、充分利用每一位数据，在总线传输时通常是以位域来传输数据，这样，开发人员需要先识别各位上数据的含义，然后再将位域数据转换成基本类型的数据，由于对每一条消息都存在位域与基本类型数据的转换，也会提升程序开发的复杂度，降低航空电子软件的开发效率，而在本申请实施例中，虽然从应用发出的消息为应用消息，但由中间件自动将这些应用消息转换为网络消息，并且，在向应用发送消息时又将网络消息转换为应用消息，这样，屏蔽掉了位域数据与应用数据之间的差别，开发人员在开发应用软时不用关注数据的位域，只需关注应用逻辑本身，因此，能够进一步提高航空电子软件的开发效率。In the prior art, in the development process of avionics software, in order to facilitate developers to understand and use various data, the data is usually defined as basic type data, or the data is organized into a data structure based on the basic data type, in order to save space. , Make full use of each bit of data, and usually use bit fields to transmit data during bus transmission. In this way, developers need to identify the meaning of the data on each bit, and then convert the bit field data into basic types of data. There is a conversion between bit field and basic type data in a message, which will also increase the complexity of program development and reduce the development efficiency of avionics software. In the embodiment of the present application, although the message sent from the application is an application message, the The middleware automatically converts these application messages into network messages, and converts network messages into application messages when sending messages to the application. In this way, the difference between the bit field data and the application data is masked, and developers are developing applications. When soft, you don't need to pay attention to the bit field of the data, but only to the application logic itself. Therefore, the development efficiency of avionics software can be further improved.
此外，本申请实施例中，不同分区中应用之间的消息都从物理总线上传送，这样，在物理总线中放置监控设备就可以方便地对各分区中的应用进行监控，因此，对ARINC653操作系统中各分区中应用可实现更加细致的管理。In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the messages between applications in different partitions are all transmitted from the physical bus, so that monitoring devices in the physical bus can easily monitor the applications in each partition. Therefore, the ARINC653 operation Applications in each partition in the system can achieve more detailed management.
如图2所示，为本申请实施例提供的航空电子软件的软件架构示意图，包括模块支持层(Moduel Support Level，MSL)映像、核心操作系统(Core Operation System，CoreOS)映像、分区操作系统(Partition Operation System，POS)映像、应用分区映像、中间件IO应用映像和中间件运行框架映像，其中，灰色区域所示的中间件IO应用映像和中间件运行框架映像是在原有映象基础上增加的两个映象，构成了航电软件执行环境。As shown in FIG. 2 , a schematic diagram of a software architecture of avionics software provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a module support layer (Moduel Support Level, MSL) image, a core operating system (Core Operation System, CoreOS) image, a partition operating system ( Partition Operation System (POS) image, application partition image, middleware IO application image and middleware running framework image, among which, the middleware IO application image and middleware running framework image shown in the gray area are added on the basis of the original image The two images constitute the avionics software execution environment.
下面，结合图2对上述软件架构中各映像的功能分别进行介绍。Below, in conjunction with FIG. 2 , the functions of each image in the above-mentioned software architecture will be introduced respectively.
1、MSL映像：每个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)上只有一个，提供驱动、映像管理等服务。1. MSL image: There is only one on each central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), which provides services such as driver and image management.
2、CoreOS映像：每个CPU上只有一个，提供基本操作系统资源服务。2. CoreOS image: There is only one on each CPU, providing basic operating system resource services.
3、POS映像：共享库，每个CPU上只有一个，提供应用程序执行 (ApplicationExecutive，APEX)接口封装的操作系统资源。3. POS image: Shared library, only one on each CPU, provides operating system resources encapsulated by the ApplicationExecutive (APEX) interface.
4、应用分区映像：功能应用，每个CPU上可以有多个。4. Application partition image: function application, there can be multiple on each CPU.
5、中间件IO分区映像：以应用方式运行，每个CPU上只有一个，提供消息通信转发服务。5. Middleware IO partition image: run in application mode, there is only one on each CPU, providing message communication forwarding service.
6、中间件运行框架映像：共享库，以动态库的形式存在，每个CPU上只有一个，提供消息通信。6. Middleware running framework image: shared library, which exists in the form of dynamic library, there is only one on each CPU, and provides message communication.
在具体实施过程中，ARINC653操作系统是本软件架构的运行基础，所有程序均运行于ARINC653操作系统上，由ARINC653操作系统向中间件IO应用及中间件运行框架提供区间通信端口。In the specific implementation process, the ARINC653 operating system is the running basis of the software architecture, all programs run on the ARINC653 operating system, and the ARINC653 operating system provides the middleware IO application and the middleware running framework with the interval communication port.
本申请实施例提供的通信机制是基于消息的通信，即分区中应用每次发送的消息均会对应一个消息号，消息号会决定消息的种类，总线类型，其中，消息的种类包括采样消息和队列消息；总线类型包括FC总线和1553总线，并且，应用A和应用B均是通过中间件运行框架与中间件IO应用进行通信。The communication mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application is based on message communication, that is, each message sent by the application in the partition corresponds to a message number, and the message number determines the type of the message and the type of the bus, where the type of the message includes sampling messages and Queue message; bus types include FC bus and 1553 bus, and both application A and application B communicate with the middleware IO application through the middleware running framework.
如图3所示，为本申请实施例提供的第一分区中的应用A向第二分区中的应用B发送消息的示意图，其中，中间件运行框架和中间件IO应用可统称为中间件，并且中间件IO应用又可称为IO分区，这里，中间件运行框架内部封装了复杂的区间通信端口配置，对外仅提供消息发送接口和消息接收接口，当分区中的应用需要发送消息时，只需调用消息发送接口即可将消息发送到中间件运行框架，当分区中的应用需要接收消息时，只需调用消息接收接口即可从中间件运行框架接收消息，并且，中间件运行框架可以根据消息号和预先设置的消息转换规则，将应用消息转换为网络消息，相当于屏蔽掉了位域数据(应用消息包含多个位域数据)与应用数据的差别；中间件IO应用主要提供将中间件运行框架中的网络消息转发到物理总线，以及将读取的物理总线中的网络消息转发到中间件运行框架的服务，这样，应用A向应用B发送消息需经过：应用->IO分区->网络驱动->IO分区->应用的过程。As shown in FIG. 3 , a schematic diagram of application A in a first partition sending a message to application B in a second partition provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the middleware running framework and the middleware IO application may be collectively referred to as middleware, And the middleware IO application can also be called IO partition. Here, the middleware running framework encapsulates the complex interval communication port configuration, and only provides the message sending interface and the message receiving interface. When the application in the partition needs to send a message, only the The message sending interface needs to be called to send the message to the middleware running framework. When the application in the partition needs to receive the message, it only needs to call the message receiving interface to receive the message from the middleware running framework, and the middleware running framework can receive the message according to the The message number and preset message conversion rules convert application messages into network messages, which are equivalent to masking the difference between bit field data (application messages contain multiple bit field data) and application data; middleware IO applications mainly provide The network message in the software running framework is forwarded to the physical bus, and the network message in the read physical bus is forwarded to the service of the middleware running framework. In this way, application A sends a message to application B through: application->IO partition- >Network drive->IO partition->application process.
下面结合图3对第一分区中的应用A向第二分区中的应用B发送消息的过程进行介绍。The following describes the process of sending a message from application A in the first partition to application B in the second partition with reference to FIG. 3 .
1、应用A向应用B发送应用消息时，调用中间件运行框架提供的消息发送接口将应用消息发送到中间件运行框架。1. When application A sends an application message to application B, it calls the message sending interface provided by the middleware running framework to send the application message to the middleware running framework.
2、中间件运行框架获取到应用消息后，根据应用消息的消息号将应用消息转换为ICD消息，转换成ICD消息后消息号保持不变，然后将ICD消息通过ARINC653操作系统提供的端口发送到中间件IO应用。2. After the middleware running framework obtains the application message, it converts the application message into an ICD message according to the message number of the application message, and the message number remains unchanged after being converted into an ICD message, and then sends the ICD message to the Middleware IO application.
3、中间件IO应用遍历ARINC653操作系统提供的所有接收端口，收取从普通应用发送过来的ICD消息。3. The middleware IO application traverses all the receiving ports provided by the ARINC653 operating system, and receives ICD messages sent from ordinary applications.
进一步地，中间件IO应用对接收到的每一条ICD消息，根据该条ICD消息的消息号和配置表中消息号与总线类型之间的对应关系，确定该条ICD消息对应的总线类型，将该条ICD消息发送到对应的总线缓存中，之后，利用其它进程从总线缓存中读取该条ICD消息，并调用总线驱动接口将该条ICD消息发送到物理总线上，这里，不同的物理总线对应着不同的物理总线。Further, for each ICD message received by the middleware IO application, according to the message number of the ICD message and the correspondence between the message number and the bus type in the configuration table, determine the bus type corresponding to the ICD message, and The ICD message is sent to the corresponding bus cache. After that, other processes are used to read the ICD message from the bus cache, and the bus driver interface is called to send the ICD message to the physical bus. Here, different physical buses Corresponds to different physical buses.
4、同时中间件IO应用中还有一个接收进程，接收进程会一直从物理总线上读取消息，其中，接收进程的个数由总线的类型数决定，比如有FC总线和 1553总线，那么就有两个进程，一个进程从FC总线上读取消息，另一个进程从1553总线上读取消息。4. At the same time, there is also a receiving process in the middleware IO application. The receiving process will always read messages from the physical bus. The number of receiving processes is determined by the number of bus types. For example, if there is an FC bus and a 1553 bus, then There are two processes, one reads messages from the FC bus and the other reads messages from the 1553 bus.
5、中间件IO应用中的接收进程收到物理总线上的ICD消息时，会解析出 ICD消息的消息号，对具有相同消息号的ICD消息，根据包含消息号与目的应用之间对应关系的配置表，查找与这些ICD消息对应的目的应用及目的应用对应的端口，通过ARINC653提供的端口将这些ICD消息发送到中间件运行框架。5. When the receiving process in the middleware IO application receives the ICD message on the physical bus, it will parse the message number of the ICD message. For ICD messages with the same message number, according to the corresponding relationship between the message number and the destination application. In the configuration table, look up the destination application corresponding to these ICD messages and the port corresponding to the destination application, and send these ICD messages to the middleware running framework through the port provided by ARINC653.
进一步地，中间件运行框架根据ICD消息的消息号将ICD消息转换为应用消息，并且根据消息号判断应用消息的类型，进而将应用消息放到相应类型的缓冲区中，如果这些应用消息的类型为采样类型，则将这些应用消息存储在采样类型对应的缓冲区中；如果这些应用消息的类型为队列类型，则将这些应用消息存储在队列类型对应的缓冲区中。这里，为了和ARINC653的端口类型保持一致，在中间件运行框架中也设置了采样和队列两种消息类型。Further, the middleware running framework converts the ICD message into an application message according to the message number of the ICD message, and judges the type of the application message according to the message number, and then puts the application message into the buffer of the corresponding type, if the type of these application messages is If the type of the application messages is the sampling type, the application messages are stored in the buffer corresponding to the sampling type; if the type of the application messages is the queue type, the application messages are stored in the buffer corresponding to the queue type. Here, in order to be consistent with the port type of ARINC653, two message types, sampling and queue, are also set in the middleware running framework.
6、中间件运行框架将消息发送给应用B。6. The middleware running framework sends the message to application B.
在具体实施过程中，应用B可以主动调用中间件运行框架提供的消息接收接口接收消息，也可以采用注册回调方式接收消息，其中，注册回调方式接收消息是指为应用B构建回调函数，并将回调函数注册到中间件运行框架中，使回调函数与一个消息号绑定，之后，当中间件运行框架收到该消息号的消息后，可以调用回调函数主动将消息发送给应用B。In the specific implementation process, application B can actively call the message receiving interface provided by the middleware running framework to receive the message, and can also receive the message in the way of registering a callback. The callback function is registered in the middleware running framework, so that the callback function is bound to a message number. After that, when the middleware running framework receives the message of the message number, it can call the callback function to actively send the message to application B.
在具体实施过程中，航电软件执行环境负责为航电应用提供基于消息的通信服务：提供统一的消息通信服务的应用程序编程接口(Application ProgrammingInterface，API)，其中，消息通信服务如发送消息、接收消息、注册消息派发回调函数、注销消息派发回调函数；支持不同分区中应用之间的通信；支持将应用发送的消息发送到物理总线；支持从物理总线接收消息，派发给分区中的应用；支持使用一种或多种物理总线进行通信；发送消息时根据消息号确定使用的总线类型；接收消息时根据消息号确定派发消息的分区中的应用；支持将应用消息转换为ICD格式的网络消息进行发送；支持将接收到的ICD格式的网络消息转换为应用消息格式再派发给分区中的应用；可通过配置文件指定应用消息的格式和ICD消息的格式。In the specific implementation process, the avionics software execution environment is responsible for providing message-based communication services for avionics applications: an application programming interface (Application Programming Interface, API) that provides a unified message communication service. Receive messages, register message dispatch callback functions, and cancel message dispatch callback functions; support communication between applications in different partitions; support sending messages sent by applications to the physical bus; support receiving messages from the physical bus and dispatching to applications in the partition; Support the use of one or more physical buses for communication; determine the bus type used according to the message number when sending a message; determine the application in the partition where the message is dispatched according to the message number when receiving a message; support converting application messages to network messages in ICD format Send; support to convert received network messages in ICD format into application message format and distribute them to applications in the partition; the format of application messages and ICD messages can be specified through configuration files.
本申请实施例中提供的航电软件执行环境，以消息的方式进行数据通信，在分区间通信时，可以使应用开发人员不必关心端口等操作系统的配置，并且屏蔽掉位域数据与应用数据的差别，使应用开发人员也不用关注数据的位域，而只需要关注应用逻辑本身，因此，能够提高应用开发人员工作效率，并且，能够为不同分区中的应用提供支撑和接口，进一步提高软件的扩展性和移植性，便于应用软件的并行开发和综合。The avionics software execution environment provided in the embodiment of the present application performs data communication in the form of messages. During inter-partition communication, application developers do not need to care about the configuration of operating systems such as ports, and the bit field data and application data are shielded. The difference makes application developers not need to pay attention to the bit field of the data, but only needs to pay attention to the application logic itself. Therefore, it can improve the work efficiency of application developers, and can provide support and interfaces for applications in different partitions, further improving the software. The expansibility and portability are convenient for the parallel development and synthesis of application software.
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例中还提供了一种与多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法对应的多分区操作系统中的消息传递装置，由于该装置解决问题的原理与本申请实施例多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法相似，因此该装置的实施可以参见方法的实施，重复之处不再赘述。Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a message passing device in a multi-partition operating system corresponding to a message passing method in a multi-partition operating system, because the principle of the device for solving problems is different from that of the embodiments of the present application. The message passing method in the partitioned operating system is similar, so the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repetition will not be repeated.
如图4所示，为本申请实施例提供的多分区操作系统中的消息传递装置结构图，包括：As shown in FIG. 4 , a structure diagram of a message passing apparatus in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
接收模块401，用于通过中间件提供的消息发送接口接收各分区中的应用发送的消息，其中，每一条消息都具有一个消息号，所述消息号用于标识该条消息的传递机制；The receiving module 401 is used to receive the message sent by the application in each partition through the message sending interface provided by the middleware, wherein each message has a message number, and the message number is used to identify the delivery mechanism of the message;
派发模块402，用于对接收到的每一条消息，根据该条消息的消息号和配置的消息号与物理总线之间的对应关系，确定对该条消息进行派发时使用的物理总线，使用所述物理总线派发该条消息；The
读取模块403，用于从各物理总线上读取消息，对读取到的每一条消息进行解析，得到该条消息的消息号；The
发送模块404，用于对具有相同消息号的消息，根据配置的消息号与目的应用之间的对应关系，确定所述消息对应的目的应用，通过所述中间件提供的消息接收接口将所述消息发送给所述目的应用。The sending
可选地，通过所述消息发送接口接收到的消息为适用于在应用中传输的应用消息，所述派发模块402具体用于：Optionally, the message received through the message sending interface is an application message suitable for transmission in an application, and the
根据该条应用消息的消息号和为所述消息号设置的消息转换规则，将该条应用消息转换为适用于在物理总线上传输的网络消息；According to the message number of the application message and the message conversion rule set for the message number, convert the application message into a network message suitable for transmission on the physical bus;
调用总线驱动接口将所述网络消息发送到所述物理总线上。The bus driver interface is called to send the network message to the physical bus.
可选地，从各物理总线上读取到的消息为适用于在物理总线上传输的网络消息，所述发送模块404具体用于：Optionally, the message read from each physical bus is a network message suitable for transmission on the physical bus, and the sending
根据所述网络消息的消息号和为所述消息号设置的消息转换规则，将所述网络消息转换为适用于在应用中传输的应用消息；converting the network message into an application message suitable for transmission in an application according to the message number of the network message and the message conversion rule set for the message number;
通过所述消息接收接口将所述应用消息发送给所述目的应用。The application message is sent to the destination application through the message receiving interface.
可选地，所述发送模块404具体用于：Optionally, the sending
根据所述消息的消息号确定所述消息的类型，其中，消息的类型包括采样消息和队列消息；Determine the type of the message according to the message number of the message, wherein the type of the message includes a sampling message and a queue message;
根据所述消息的类型和配置的消息类型与缓冲区之间的对应关系确定所述消息对应的缓冲区，将所述消息存储在所述缓冲区中；Determine the buffer corresponding to the message according to the type of the message and the corresponding relationship between the configured message type and the buffer, and store the message in the buffer;
通过中间件提供的消息接收接口将所述缓冲区中的消息发送给所述目的应用。Send the message in the buffer to the destination application through the message receiving interface provided by the middleware.
可选地，所述发送模块404具体用于：Optionally, the sending
指示所述目的应用调用所述消息接收接口接收所述缓冲区中的消息；或者，Instruct the destination application to call the message receiving interface to receive the message in the buffer; or,
当确定所述缓冲区中消息的消息号位于预设的消息号集合中时，调用与所述消息的消息号之间具有绑定关系的回调函数，将所述缓冲区中的消息发送给所述目的应用，所述回调函数是预先注册的。When it is determined that the message number of the message in the buffer is in the preset message number set, a callback function with a binding relationship with the message number of the message is called, and the message in the buffer is sent to the For the purpose application, the callback function is pre-registered.
如图5所示，为本申请实施例提供的用于实现多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法的电子设备的硬件结构示意图，包括至少一个处理单元501、以及至少一个存储单元502，其中，存储单元存储有程序代码，当程序代码被所述处理单元执行时，使得电子设备执行上述多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法的步骤。As shown in FIG. 5 , a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device for implementing a message passing method in a multi-partition operating system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes at least one
本申请实施例提供的一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序代码，当所述程序代码在电子设备上运行时，使电子设备执行上述多分区操作系统中的消息传递方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application includes program code, which, when the program code runs on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the steps of the above-mentioned message passing method in a multi-partition operating system.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、 CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、装置(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和 /或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/ 或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce Means for implementing the functions specified in a flow or flow of a flowchart and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process such that The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow or blocks of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of this application.
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
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| CN110262903B (en)* | 2019-05-17 | 2021-09-03 | 北京恒赢智航科技有限公司 | Middleware framework and method based on aviation reservation system |
| CN111190746A (en)* | 2019-12-06 | 2020-05-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | VxWorks 653-based multi-core partition real-time operating system and communication method |
| CN111478839B (en)* | 2020-04-09 | 2021-08-24 | 中电科航空电子有限公司 | Physical bus and operating system decoupled distributed aviation communication system |
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