技术领域technical field
本发明涉及塑料领域，具体涉及一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜及其制备方法。The invention relates to the field of plastics, in particular to a light-controllable, biological double-degradable plastic mulch film and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
解决塑料地膜引起的“白色污染”和土壤板结等问题的有效措施之一是开发使用可降解塑料地膜。目前可降解的塑料地膜主要是生物降解地膜。生物降解地膜主要使用淀粉等可生物降解的原料制备，薄膜强度往往难达到使用要求，且制备工艺复杂，不易加工成型。开发性能优良易加工可充分降解的塑料地膜对于解决地膜污染和农业可持续发展至关重要。One of the effective measures to solve the problems of "white pollution" and soil compaction caused by plastic mulch is to develop and use degradable plastic mulch. At present, the degradable plastic mulch is mainly biodegradable mulch. Biodegradable mulch films are mainly prepared from biodegradable raw materials such as starch. The strength of the film is often difficult to meet the requirements for use, and the preparation process is complicated, and it is not easy to process and shape. The development of plastic mulch with excellent performance, easy processing and fully degradable performance is very important to solve the pollution of mulch film and the sustainable development of agriculture.
发明内容Contents of the invention
(一)解决的技术问题(1) Solved technical problems
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜及其制备方法，解决了目前大多数塑料地膜不能降解或者降解不充分的问题。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a light-controllable, biodegradable plastic mulch film and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that most plastic mulch films cannot degrade or are not fully degradable at present.
(二)技术方案(2) Technical solution
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜及其制备方法。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a light-controllable, biodegradable plastic mulch film and a preparation method thereof.
一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜的原料按重量份计包括：The raw materials of a light-controllable and biodegradable plastic mulch film include by weight:
优选的，一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜由如下步骤制备：Preferably, a light-controllable, biodegradable plastic mulch film is prepared by the following steps:
(1)纳米蒙脱土过筛后干燥；(1) drying after nanometer montmorillonite is sieved;
(2)纳米蒙脱土、线性低密度聚乙烯、聚乳酸、增韧剂、增塑剂按比例加入到高剪切搅拌器中混合均匀，高剪切搅拌机转速600rpm，温度50℃，搅拌时间半个小时。加入光敏剂和光敏促进剂继续混合，搅拌10分钟；(2) Nano-montmorillonite, linear low-density polyethylene, polylactic acid, toughening agent, and plasticizer are added in proportion to the high-shear mixer and mixed evenly. half an hour. Add photosensitizer and photosensitizer to continue mixing and stir for 10 minutes;
(3)双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒；(3) Twin-screw extruder extrusion granulation;
(4)再经吹塑机吹塑成型。(4) Blow molding by a blow molding machine.
优选的，所述光敏剂为纳米二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、硬脂酸铈、月桂酸铁的一种或几种的混合物。Preferably, the photosensitizer is one or a mixture of nano titanium dioxide, iron stearate, cerium stearate and iron laurate.
优选的，所述光敏促进剂为硬脂酸盐。Preferably, the photosensitization accelerator is stearate.
优选的，所述增韧剂为聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇的一种或几种的混合物。Preferably, the toughening agent is one or a mixture of polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol.
优选的，纳米蒙脱土直径为5-20nm。蒙脱土矿产资源丰富，具有良好的分散性能，可广泛应用于高分子材料行业作为纳米聚合物高分子材料的添加剂，提高抗冲击、抗疲劳、尺寸稳定性及气体阻隔性能等，从而起到增强聚合物综合物理性能的作用，同时改善物料加工性能。Preferably, the nanometer montmorillonite has a diameter of 5-20nm. Montmorillonite is rich in mineral resources and has good dispersion properties. It can be widely used in the polymer material industry as an additive for nano-polymer polymer materials to improve impact resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and gas barrier properties, thereby playing a role Enhance the role of polymer comprehensive physical properties, while improving material processing performance.
优选的，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸酯、脂肪二羧酸酯、聚酯的一种或几种的混合物。Preferably, the plasticizer is one or a mixture of phthalates, aliphatic dicarboxylates and polyesters.
(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
本发明提供了一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜及其制备方法，具备以下有益效果：The invention provides a light-controllable, biodegradable plastic mulch film and a preparation method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明工艺配方中可通过调节聚乳酸、光敏剂以及光敏促进剂的比例控制制备的塑料地膜的降解时间，具有降解可控性。(1) In the process formula of the present invention, the degradation time of the prepared plastic mulch film can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of polylactic acid, photosensitizer and photosensitizer, and has degradation controllability.
(2)本发明制备的塑料地膜可以通过光、生物双降解，可以完全降解，不会造成环境污染，生产工艺简单，适合大规模工业生产。(2) The plastic mulch film prepared by the present invention can be degraded completely by light and biology, can not cause environmental pollution, has simple production process, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明的实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜的制备方法如下：A preparation method of light-controllable and biodegradable plastic mulch film is as follows:
(1)纳米蒙脱土过筛后干燥；(1) drying after nanometer montmorillonite is sieved;
(2)纳米蒙脱土10份、线性低密度聚乙烯40份、聚乳酸30份、聚乙烯醇5份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯2份加入到高剪切搅拌器中混合均匀，高剪切搅拌机转速600rpm，温度50℃，搅拌时间半个小时。加入月桂酸铁5份和硬脂酸铁2份继续混合，搅拌10分钟；(2) 10 parts of nano-montmorillonite, 40 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 2 parts of dioctyl phthalate were added to a high-shear mixer and mixed evenly. The rotation speed of the shearing mixer is 600 rpm, the temperature is 50° C., and the stirring time is half an hour. Add 5 parts of iron laurate and 2 parts of iron stearate to continue mixing and stir for 10 minutes;
(3)双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒；(3) Twin-screw extruder extrusion granulation;
(4)再经吹塑机吹塑成型。(4) Blow molding by a blow molding machine.
对本实施案例中制备的塑料地膜进行降解实验，结果见表1。The plastic mulch film prepared in this implementation case was subjected to a degradation experiment, and the results are shown in Table 1.
实施例2Example 2
一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜的制备方法如下：A preparation method of light-controllable and biodegradable plastic mulch film is as follows:
(1)纳米蒙脱土过筛后干燥；(1) drying after nanometer montmorillonite is sieved;
(2)纳米蒙脱土13份、线性低密度聚乙烯50份、聚乳酸40份、聚乙烯醇10份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯3份加入到高剪切搅拌器中混合均匀，高剪切搅拌机转速600rpm，温度50℃，搅拌时间半个小时。加入月桂酸铁6份和硬脂酸铁3份继续混合，搅拌10分钟；(2) 13 parts of nano-montmorillonite, 50 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 40 parts of polylactic acid, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate were added to a high-shear mixer and mixed evenly. The rotation speed of the shearing mixer is 600 rpm, the temperature is 50° C., and the stirring time is half an hour. Add 6 parts of iron laurate and 3 parts of iron stearate to continue mixing and stir for 10 minutes;
(3)双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒；(3) Twin-screw extruder extrusion granulation;
(4)再经吹塑机吹塑成型。(4) Blow molding by a blow molding machine.
对本实施案例中制备的塑料地膜进行降解实验，结果见表1。The plastic mulch film prepared in this implementation case was subjected to a degradation experiment, and the results are shown in Table 1.
实施例3Example 3
一种可控光、生物双降解塑料地膜的制备方法如下：A preparation method of light-controllable and biodegradable plastic mulch film is as follows:
(1)纳米蒙脱土过筛后干燥；(1) drying after nanometer montmorillonite is sieved;
(2)纳米蒙脱土15份、线性低密度聚乙烯60份、聚乳酸50份、聚乙烯醇15份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯5份加入到高剪切搅拌器中混合均匀，高剪切搅拌机转速600rpm，温度50℃，搅拌时间半个小时。加入月桂酸铁8份和硬脂酸铁5份继续混合，搅拌10分钟；(2) 15 parts of nano-montmorillonite, 60 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 50 parts of polylactic acid, 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 5 parts of dioctyl phthalate were added to a high-shear mixer and mixed evenly. The rotation speed of the shearing mixer is 600 rpm, the temperature is 50° C., and the stirring time is half an hour. Add 8 parts of iron laurate and 5 parts of iron stearate to continue mixing and stir for 10 minutes;
(3)双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒；(3) Twin-screw extruder extrusion granulation;
(4)再经吹塑机吹塑成型。(4) Blow molding by a blow molding machine.
对本实施案例中制备的塑料地膜进行降解实验，结果见表1。The plastic mulch film prepared in this implementation case was subjected to a degradation experiment, and the results are shown in Table 1.
表1实施案例制备的塑料地膜的降解程度The degree of degradation of the plastic mulch film prepared by the implementation case of table 1
从表1可以看出，实施案例制备的塑料地膜具有光、生物双降解性质，可以完全降解，不造成污染。实施案例中加入聚乳酸、光敏剂以及光敏促进剂的比例不同，制备的塑料地膜降解的时间不同。所以可以通过调节聚乳酸、光敏剂以及光敏促进剂的比例控制制备的塑料地膜的降解时间，具有降解可控性。It can be seen from Table 1 that the plastic mulch film prepared in the practical case has both photodegradation and biodegradation properties, and can be completely degraded without causing pollution. In the implementation cases, the proportions of polylactic acid, photosensitizer and photosensitizer are different, and the degradation time of the prepared plastic mulch is different. Therefore, the degradation time of the prepared plastic mulch can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of polylactic acid, photosensitizer, and photosensitizer, and the degradation is controllable.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711408963.5ACN108299723A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | A kind of controllable light, biodegradation plastic mulch and preparation method thereof |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711408963.5ACN108299723A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | A kind of controllable light, biodegradation plastic mulch and preparation method thereof |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108299723Atrue CN108299723A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711408963.5APendingCN108299723A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | A kind of controllable light, biodegradation plastic mulch and preparation method thereof |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108299723A (en) |
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| CN109836789A (en)* | 2019-02-15 | 2019-06-04 | 辽源市荣兴塑料制品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Polywoven Bag of fast degradation |
| CN112080118A (en)* | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-15 | 中星中大印刷（深圳）有限公司 | Degradable polylactic acid plastic |
| CN115477790A (en)* | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-16 | 台州黄岩泽钰新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of thermal insulation and photo-biological double degradable plastic and its preparation method and application |
| CN116728855A (en)* | 2023-03-09 | 2023-09-12 | 东莞市铭业包装制品有限公司 | Manufacturing process of top cover rolled film |
| CN117841490A (en)* | 2023-12-26 | 2024-04-09 | 安徽国风新材料股份有限公司 | A multi-degradable biaxially oriented film, preparation method and application thereof |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109836789A (en)* | 2019-02-15 | 2019-06-04 | 辽源市荣兴塑料制品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Polywoven Bag of fast degradation |
| CN112080118A (en)* | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-15 | 中星中大印刷（深圳）有限公司 | Degradable polylactic acid plastic |
| CN115477790A (en)* | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-16 | 台州黄岩泽钰新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of thermal insulation and photo-biological double degradable plastic and its preparation method and application |
| CN116728855A (en)* | 2023-03-09 | 2023-09-12 | 东莞市铭业包装制品有限公司 | Manufacturing process of top cover rolled film |
| CN117841490A (en)* | 2023-12-26 | 2024-04-09 | 安徽国风新材料股份有限公司 | A multi-degradable biaxially oriented film, preparation method and application thereof |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20180720 |