A kind of breathing and HR Heart Rate detecting system based on UWB technologyTechnical field
The invention belongs to ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR detection and signal processing technology fields；More particularly to a kind of based on UWB technologyBreathing and HR Heart Rate detecting system.
Background technology
The breathing used on Present clinical and HR Heart Rate detection method are substantially intrusive, are needed testee and surveyAmount equipment links together.For example, in respiratory rate detection, simple electromechanical respiratory rate measurement must be in the chest of testeeAn elastic webbing is bound, respiratory rate based on acoustic technique measures the neck for then requiring device being connected to testee, and capacitanceThe measurement of technology respiratory rate then requires to install a kind of bed mattress special in bed or installs sensing element on the body of testee；In the heartIn the detection of hop rate rate, b12extrocardiography can detect HR Heart Rate, phonocardiography table by placing electrode in human body specified pointIt is now to monitor heart valvular opening and closing sound during shrinking with diastole with stethoscope etc..These clinical methods can carryFor accurately breathing and heart rate information.However, when sensor and body are contacted, it will usually to the psychology of testeeIt causes stress or uneasy, this uneasy breathing or heartbeat that can influence testee in turn, so as to make test resultInaccuracy, particularly, in some patients with severe symptoms such as skin burn, the patient for having sleep disturbance, baby etc., the measurement of contact is thenIt is not applicable.
Breathing and HR Heart Rate detection technique based on UWB technology use electromagnetic waves to detect, and system is using nanosecondBurst pulse is acquired the breathing of human body and heart rate information, it is not necessary that tester is physically contacted in sensor, overcomes biographyThe deficiency for detection method of uniting, may replace traditional touch sensor, for clinically patient（Especially especial patient such as skinBurn, mental disease etc.）Breathing and HR Heart Rate detection.
In the breathing and HR Heart Rate detection technique based on UWB technology, accuracy is very important one of index, exhalesSignal is inhaled relatively to be easy by force to measure, and heartbeat signal is then very faint, is easy to be submerged in the noise and clutter of radar, particularlyIt is easy to be interfered by random motions such as the shakes of human body, it is therefore desirable to design good detecting system to reduce interference and improve detectionAccuracy.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of breathing based on UWB technology and HR Heart Rate detecting systems.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：A kind of breathing and HR Heart Rate based on UWB technologyDetecting system, operation are specific as follows：Including UWB physiological characteristics signal pickup assembly and breathing and HR Heart Rate detecting system；
The UWB physiological characteristics signal pickup assembly includes a low frequency signal source, a high-frequency signal source, a delays time to controlUnit, a microprocessor, two pulse shapers, a channel switch, a signal mixer, transmitting antenna, oneA reception antenna, an A/D converter, a data transmitter and eight filters；
The breathing includes that a data sink, the roads I signal remove direct current, for the N of the roads I signal with HR Heart Rate detecting systemRoad, which is breathed, to be removed direct current with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm, the roads Q signal, detects and calculate for the roads the N breathing of the roads Q signal and HR Heart RateMethod, respiratory rate joint-detection, HR Heart Rate joint-detection, respiratory rate output and HR Heart Rate output.
Further, the low frequency signal through delays time to control unit generate two-way output signal, the one of delays time to control unitRoad output signal generates a short pulse for controlling the unlatching of high-frequency signal source to generate the period via a pulse shaperProperty high-frequency signal, the filtered device filtering of periodical high-frequency signal enters channel switch；The another way output letter of delays time to control unitNumber a short pulse is generated via pulse shaper, short pulse control channel switch exports high-frequency signal to transmitting antennaPath, then launched by transmitting antenna after a filter filtering；
Reception antenna receives the high-frequency signal being reflected back input signal mixer after a filter filtering；
The time delayed signal that delays time to control unit generates generates a short pulse through pulse shaper, and short pulse control channel switch willThe high-frequency signal exported after filtered device filtering is sent to signal mixer, and smear is carried out with the high-frequency signal of reception；Signal mixesDevice will obtain the roads I signal and the roads Q signal after the high-frequency signal of reception and original high-frequency signal smear；The roads I signal and the roads Q signalRespectively after two filter filterings, it is sent into high-precision A/D converting units and is converted to digital signal feeding microprocessor, byMicroprocessor is inputted data transmission unit, is sent to breathing HR Heart Rate detecting system and carries out further data processing.
Further, the breathing is received with the data sink in HR Heart Rate detecting system comes from UWB physiological characteristicsThe data separating of signal pickup assembly goes out the roads I signal and the roads Q signal, then carries out DC processing respectively, then is respectively fed to exhaleInhale the separation that initial respiratory rate and initial heart rate are carried out with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm；Breathing is calculated with HR Heart Rate detectionMethod carries out parallel processing using the breathing of the roads N with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm；
N number of initial respiratory rate and N number of initial heart speed can be obtained by the breathing of the roads N and HR Heart Rate detection algorithm in the roads I signalN number of initial respiratory rate and N number of initial heart speed can be obtained by the breathing of the roads N and HR Heart Rate detection algorithm in rate, the roads Q signalRate, the 2N that the roads I and Q roods are arrived an initial respiratory rates and 2N initial heart rate distribution are sent into respiratory rate joint-detectionWith HR Heart Rate joint-detection；Finally by respiratory rate output and HR Heart Rate output export respectively final respiratory rate andHR Heart Rate.
Further, the roads the N breathing is provided with different smoothing filter parameters and noise from HR Heart Rate detection algorithmLeaching parameter；
Breathing is simultaneously handled input signal with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm；It is calculated per breathing all the way and HR Heart Rate detectionIn method, input signal first passes through the elimination that the disposal of gentle filter carries out heartbeat and noise signal（Here smothing filtering can be usedSuch as moving average filtering, gaussian filtering scheduling algorithm）；Output is that breath signal is handled by amplitude inhibition to eliminate human bodyShake introduce interference, and after through FFT transform to frequency domain carry out respiratory rate extraction, after spectrum-peak amplitudes judge, satisfactionCertain condition（Spectrum-peak amplitudes are more than other Frequency and Amplitude certain values）It can be obtained initial respiratory rate；
Input signal and smothing filtering output signal subtract each other, the heartbeat signal with noise can be obtained, by the heartbeat with noiseThe leaching of signal input noise can obtain heartbeat letter to filter out noise, then by the heartbeat signal with noise and the noise subtraction filtered outNumber, heartbeat signal then pass through amplitude inhibit handled with eliminate human body shake introduce interference, and after through FFT transform to frequentlyDomain carries out HR Heart Rate extraction and meets certain condition after spectrum-peak amplitudes judge（Spectrum-peak amplitudes are more than other frequenciesAmplitude certain value）It can be obtained initial heart rate.
Breathing and HR Heart Rate detecting system provided by the invention based on UWB technology can be the non-contact testees the case whereIt effectively extracts breathing and heartbeat signal down and acquisition accurately breathes and HR Heart Rate, effectively solve traditional breathing and heart rate inspectionInstrument is surveyed in special clinically patient（Such as skin burn, mental disease）Not applicable problem.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show belowThere is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only thisSome embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be withObtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings；
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the breathings of UWB technology and HR Heart Rate detecting system functional block diagram；
Fig. 2 is single channel breathing and the HR Heart Rate detection algorithm flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the respiratory rate testing result schematic diagram of the method and respiration monitor of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the heart rate detection result schematic diagram of the method and heart rate monitor of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that advantages and features of the invention can be more easy toIn being readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the present invention a kind of breathing and HR Heart Rate detecting system based on UWB technology includes UWB physiologyCharacteristic signal harvester and breathing and HR Heart Rate detecting system；
The UWB physiological characteristics signal pickup assembly includes a low frequency signal source, a high-frequency signal source, a delays time to controlUnit, a microprocessor, two pulse shapers, a channel switch, a signal mixer, transmitting antenna, oneA reception antenna, an A/D converter, a data transmitter and eight filters；
The breathing includes that a data sink, the roads I signal remove direct current, for the N of the roads I signal with HR Heart Rate detecting systemRoad, which is breathed, to be removed direct current with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm, the roads Q signal, detects and calculate for the roads the N breathing of the roads Q signal and HR Heart RateMethod, respiratory rate joint-detection, HR Heart Rate joint-detection, respiratory rate output and HR Heart Rate output.
The low frequency signal generates two-way output signal, the output signal all the way of delays time to control unit through delays time to control unitA short pulse is generated via a pulse shaper to be used to control the unlatching of high-frequency signal source to generate periodical high-frequency signal,The filtered device filtering of periodical high-frequency signal enters channel switch；The another way output signal of delays time to control unit is via an arteries and veinsPunching forming device generates a short pulse, and short pulse control channel switch exports high-frequency signal to transmitting antenna path, then through oneLaunched by transmitting antenna after a filter filtering；
Reception antenna receives the high-frequency signal being reflected back input signal mixer after a filter filtering；
The time delayed signal that delays time to control unit generates generates a short pulse through pulse shaper, and short pulse control channel switch willThe high-frequency signal exported after filtered device filtering is sent to signal mixer, and smear is carried out with the high-frequency signal of reception；Signal mixesDevice will obtain the roads I signal and the roads Q signal after the high-frequency signal of reception and original high-frequency signal smear；The roads I signal and the roads Q signalRespectively after two filter filterings, it is sent into high-precision A/D converting units and is converted to digital signal feeding microprocessor, byMicroprocessor is inputted data transmission unit, is sent to breathing HR Heart Rate detecting system and carries out further data processing.
The breathing is received with the data sink in HR Heart Rate detecting system to be filled from UWB physiological characteristic signal acquisitionsThe data separating set goes out the roads I signal and the roads Q signal, then carries out DC processing respectively, then is respectively fed to breathing and heartbeat speedRate detection algorithm carries out the separation of initial respiratory rate and initial heart rate；Breathing uses the roads N with HR Heart Rate detection algorithmBreathing carries out parallel processing with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm；
N number of initial respiratory rate and N number of initial heart speed can be obtained by the breathing of the roads N and HR Heart Rate detection algorithm in the roads I signalN number of initial respiratory rate and N number of initial heart speed can be obtained by the breathing of the roads N and HR Heart Rate detection algorithm in rate, the roads Q signalRate, the 2N that the roads I and Q roods are arrived an initial respiratory rates and 2N initial heart rate distribution are sent into respiratory rate joint-detectionWith HR Heart Rate joint-detection；Finally by respiratory rate output and HR Heart Rate output export respectively final respiratory rate andHR Heart Rate.
The roads the N breathing is provided with different smoothing filter parameters and noise leaching parameter from HR Heart Rate detection algorithm；
Breathing is simultaneously handled input signal with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm；It is calculated per breathing all the way and HR Heart Rate detectionIn method, input signal first passes through the elimination that the disposal of gentle filter carries out heartbeat and noise signal（Here smothing filtering can be usedSuch as moving average filtering, gaussian filtering scheduling algorithm）；Output is that breath signal is handled by amplitude inhibition to eliminate human bodyShake introduce interference, and after through FFT transform to frequency domain carry out respiratory rate extraction, after spectrum-peak amplitudes judge, satisfactionCertain condition（Spectrum-peak amplitudes are more than other Frequency and Amplitude certain values）It can be obtained initial respiratory rate；
Input signal and smothing filtering output signal subtract each other, the heartbeat signal with noise can be obtained, by the heartbeat with noiseThe leaching of signal input noise can obtain heartbeat letter to filter out noise, then by the heartbeat signal with noise and the noise subtraction filtered outNumber, heartbeat signal then pass through amplitude inhibit handled with eliminate human body shake introduce interference, and after through FFT transform to frequentlyDomain carries out HR Heart Rate extraction and meets certain condition after spectrum-peak amplitudes judge（Spectrum-peak amplitudes are more than other frequenciesAmplitude certain value）It can be obtained initial heart rate.
The operation principle of the present invention：
The thoracic cavity of UWB physiological characteristic signal pickup assembly face human bodies is placed first, while according to antenna at a distance from human bodyIt calculates delay inequality and input microprocessor is to control time delay control unit.Low frequency signal source generates the signal of 1MHz,After time delay control unit, pass through high-frequency signal and process that pulse shaper control high-frequency signal source generates 7.25GHz all the wayThe filter of one 3.9GHz ~ 9.8GHz, another way switch the high-frequency signal of generation is defeated by pulse shaper control channelIt send to transmission path, is sent by transmitting antenna after the filter filtering of a 0 ~ 8GHz, high-frequency signal is through human body chestIt is received by reception antenna after cavity reflection, receives signal and also pass through the filter of a 0 ~ 8GHz and enter signal mixer, thisWhen delays time to control unit the pulse that is generated through pulse shaper of another way output just control channel switch high-frequency signal is defeatedIt send to signal mixer（The filter that high-frequency signal first passes through a 0 ~ 8GHz enters back into signal mixer）, receive signal and originalBeginning high-frequency signal exports the signal that two-way includes breathing and heart rate information after signal mixer：The roads I signal and the roads Q letterNumber.The roads I signal and the roads Q signal pass through the filter filtering of the filter and a 0.1Hz ~ 10Hz of a 0 ~ 400MHz respectivelyAfterwards, high-precision A/D converting units are sent into and are converted to digital signal feeding microprocessor, microprocessor is again by the roads I signal and the roads QSignal is sent to breathing HR Heart Rate detecting system through data transmission unit and carries out further data processing, and data here are sentUnit can be bluetooth equipment or serial ports.
Breathing is received with the data sink in HR Heart Rate detecting system from UWB physiological characteristic signal pickup assembliesData receiver simultaneously therefrom isolates the roads I signal and the roads Q signal, then first carries out DC processing respectively, then be respectively fed to breatheThe separation of initial respiratory rate and initial heart rate is carried out with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm, uses the breathing of 5 tunnels and heartbeat hereRate detection algorithm carry out parallel processing, 5 tunnels breathing with HR Heart Rate detection algorithm in, per all the way smoothing filter andNoise leaching uses moving average filter, and is configured with and organizes different parameters from other, and parameter here is filter windowThe parameter of length, 5 tunnels is respectively（55,50）、（60,50）、（65,50）、（70,50）、（70,55）, spectrum-peak amplitudes judgementCondition, which is peak value, need to be more than one times of minor peaks or more.The roads I signal is 5 available by the breathing of 5 tunnels and HR Heart Rate detection algorithmInitial respiratory rate and 5 initial heart rates, likewise, the roads Q signal can be obtained by the breathing of 5 tunnels with HR Heart Rate detection algorithmTo 5 initial respiratory rates and 5 initial heart rates, 10 initial respiratory rates that the roads I and Q roods are arrived and 10 are initialRespiratory rate joint-detection and HR Heart Rate joint-detection are sent into HR Heart Rate distribution（Wherein respiratory rate joint-detection and heartbeatRate joint-detection is mainly to prevent the initial respiratory rate initial heart rate in certain road from excessive causing exception due to band because interfering in futureThe flase drop come, majority rule or other, which usually can be used, can exclude the algorithm of abnormal data to realize）, breathing speedRate joint-detection criterion is：Differences with other numbers per number are calculated, when having the number of more than half in the difference array of certain numberValue rejects the array when being more than 2, remaining number exports after calculating average and rounding；HR Heart Rate joint-detection criterion is：MeterThe difference with other numbers per number is calculated, the array is rejected when there is the numerical value of more than half more than 3 in the difference array of certain number,Remaining number exports after calculating average and rounding.
Fig. 3 be this instance method and respiration monitor testing result, it can be seen that in addition to have at the 10th second 1 time/Other than the difference of minute, this instance method can coincide well with respiration monitor in other observation times.
Fig. 4 is the testing result of this instance method and heart rate monitor, it can be seen that in addition to the 30th second and the 85th secondPlace has other than 1 beat/min of difference, this instance method can coincide well with heart rate monitor in other observation times.
The standardized element that the present invention uses can commercially, and shaped piece is according to specification and attached drawing noteLoad can carry out customized, and the specific connection type of each part is all made of ripe in the prior art bolt, rivet, welding etc.Conventional means, machinery, part and equipment are all made of in the prior art, conventional model, in addition circuit connection uses the prior artMiddle conventional connection type, this will not be detailed here.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the artFor member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications are also answeredIt is considered as protection scope of the present invention.