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CN108243551A - A Proton Synchrotron Composed of Combined Magnets - Google Patents

A Proton Synchrotron Composed of Combined Magnets
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CN108243551A
CN108243551ACN201810071320.4ACN201810071320ACN108243551ACN 108243551 ACN108243551 ACN 108243551ACN 201810071320 ACN201810071320 ACN 201810071320ACN 108243551 ACN108243551 ACN 108243551A
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magnet
deflection
combined
combination
magnets
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张满洲
李德明
赵振堂
王坤
谢修璀
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Shanghai Alliance Investment Ltd
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics of CAS
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器,包括通过四个直线节连接以形成环形结构的四个偏转组合磁铁,所述偏转组合磁铁为兼具偏转二极磁铁和水平聚焦、水平散焦四极磁铁功能的组合磁铁,所述直线节中包括具有水平聚焦或水平散焦功能的四六极组合磁铁。通过首次在医用质子加速器上采用四极二极组合磁铁和四极六极组合磁铁,将全环包络函数控制在较小水平,有效增加了同步加速器的接受度和质子储存数目,提高了质子利用率和占空比,缩短治疗时间;另外,组合型磁铁和四块弯铁的采用减少了磁铁元件和他们之间的间隙,利用尽可能少的元件数目实现医用加速器的功能,从而减少同步加速器占用的空间,降低了设备成本和治疗成本。

The invention relates to a proton synchrotron composed of combined magnets, which includes four deflection combined magnets connected by four linear joints to form a ring structure. A combined magnet with the function of a focusing quadrupole magnet, the linear section includes a four-six-pole combined magnet with the function of horizontal focusing or horizontal defocusing. By using quadrupole-two-pole combined magnets and quadrupole-six-pole combined magnets on medical proton accelerators for the first time, the full-circle envelope function is controlled to a small level, which effectively increases the acceptance of synchrotrons and the number of protons stored, and improves the proton The utilization rate and duty cycle shorten the treatment time; in addition, the use of combined magnets and four bent irons reduces the gap between the magnet components and them, and realizes the function of a medical accelerator with as few components as possible, thereby reducing synchronization The space occupied by the accelerator reduces equipment cost and treatment cost.

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器A Proton Synchrotron Composed of Combined Magnets

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及用于肿瘤治疗的同步加速器领域,尤其涉及一种组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器。The invention relates to the field of synchrotrons for tumor treatment, in particular to a proton synchrotron composed of combined magnets.

背景技术Background technique

质子在深度方向上优异的布拉格峰特性使得其成为肿瘤治疗中最为先进的手段之一,目前世界上质子治疗装置和治疗中心的建设越来越多。目前运行及建造中的质子治癌加速器主要是回旋加速器和同步加速器。The excellent Bragg peak characteristics of proton in the depth direction make it one of the most advanced methods in tumor treatment. At present, there are more and more proton therapy devices and treatment centers in the world. The proton cancer treatment accelerators currently in operation and under construction are mainly cyclotrons and synchrotrons.

回旋加速器可以提供稳定的连续束,其束流切断和开启速度很快,可以满足呼吸门控的要求。但是回旋加速器改变能量依靠的是安放在高能线上的机械装置——降能器,利用散射将束流能量降低;其优点是能量调节迅速,可以实现50毫秒一档的改变能量速度,能够支持快速重复扫描模式来治疗移动肿瘤;但缺点是散射造成束流利用率很低,治疗时最低能量70MeV时的通过效率不到1%,降能造成的散射和之后能量选择造成的大量束流损失会导致极大的辐射,对辐射防护以及设备安全造成很大的压力。The cyclotron can provide a stable continuous beam, and its beam cutting and opening speed is very fast, which can meet the requirements of respiratory gating. However, the energy change of the cyclotron depends on the mechanical device placed on the high-energy line—the energy reducer, which reduces the energy of the beam by scattering; its advantage is that the energy can be adjusted quickly, and the energy change speed can be changed in 50 milliseconds, which can support Fast repetitive scanning mode to treat moving tumors; but the disadvantage is that the beam utilization rate is very low due to scattering, and the passing efficiency is less than 1% at the lowest energy of 70 MeV during treatment, and a large amount of beam loss is caused by scattering caused by energy reduction and subsequent energy selection It will cause great radiation, which will cause great pressure on radiation protection and equipment safety.

与回旋加速器相比,同步加速器的明显优点在于它可以对束流的能量方便地进行调节,以适应放射治疗对离子能量精确变化的需要,不需要额外的能量降能片,能够确保相对干净(辐射小)的环境。采用了新的多能量引出方式之后,其固有的换能时间缓慢、造成无效治疗时间长而无法适应快速重复扫描的缺点基本不存在。Compared with the cyclotron, the obvious advantage of the synchrotron is that it can easily adjust the energy of the beam to meet the needs of radiotherapy for precise changes in ion energy. It does not require additional energy-reduced chips and can ensure relatively clean ( environment with low radiation). After adopting the new multi-energy extraction method, the inherent shortcomings of slow transduction time, long ineffective treatment time and inability to adapt to rapid repeated scanning basically do not exist.

已有专利文献CN105392270A在具体磁铁、电源等设计时,考虑上述这种新的技术,从而极大减少的治疗时间。但是这种加速器的设计一是较为复杂,采用了8块偏转二极磁铁和12块聚焦和散焦四极磁铁,元件的增加意味着可靠性的下降;二是结构不够紧凑,元件与元件之间的空隙成了浪费;三是磁场强度很高,接近饱和,励磁效率不高,造成能耗较高,磁铁是大功率设备,循环的升能降能过程浪费了大量能量。The existing patent document CN105392270A considers the above-mentioned new technology when designing specific magnets, power supplies, etc., thereby greatly reducing the treatment time. However, the design of this kind of accelerator is relatively complicated, using 8 deflecting dipole magnets and 12 focusing and defocusing quadrupole magnets. The increase of components means the decline of reliability; the second is that the structure is not compact enough, and the relationship between components The gap between them becomes a waste; the third is that the magnetic field strength is very high, close to saturation, and the excitation efficiency is not high, resulting in high energy consumption. The magnet is a high-power device, and a lot of energy is wasted in the cycle of energy-up and down-energy.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明旨在提供一种组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a proton synchrotron composed of combined magnets.

本发明所述的组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器,包括通过四个直线节连接以形成环形结构的四个偏转组合磁铁,所述偏转组合磁铁为兼具偏转二极磁铁和水平聚焦、水平散焦四极磁铁功能的二四极组合磁铁,所述直线节中包括具有水平聚焦或水平散焦功能的四六极组合磁铁。The proton synchrotron composed of combined magnets according to the present invention includes four deflection combined magnets connected by four linear joints to form a ring structure. The two-four-pole combination magnet with the function of focusing four-pole magnet, the linear section includes four-six-pole combination magnet with horizontal focusing or horizontal defocusing function.

所述偏转组合磁铁为第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁,其中,第一偏转组合磁铁和第二偏转组合磁铁相连,第二偏转组合磁铁和第三偏转组合磁铁相连,第三偏转组合磁铁和第四偏转组合磁铁相连,第四偏转组合磁铁还与第一偏转组合磁铁相连以构成一环形结构。The combined deflection magnets are the first, second, third and fourth combined deflection magnets, wherein the first combined deflection magnet is connected to the second combined deflection magnet, the second combined deflection magnet is connected to the third combined deflection magnet, and the combined deflection magnet is connected to the third combined deflection magnet. The three deflection combination magnets are connected with the fourth deflection combination magnet, and the fourth deflection combination magnet is also connected with the first deflection combination magnet to form a ring structure.

所述四六极组合磁铁包括第一、第二、第三和第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁,其中,第一水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁连接在第一偏转组合磁铁和第二偏转组合磁铁之间,第二水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁连接在第二偏转组合磁铁和第三偏转组合磁铁之间,第三水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁连接在第三偏转组合磁铁和第四偏转组合磁铁之间,第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁连接在第四偏转组合磁铁和第一偏转组合磁铁之间。The four-six-pole combined magnet includes first, second, third and fourth horizontal defocused four-pole and six-pole combined magnets, wherein the first horizontal defocused four-pole and six-pole combined magnet is connected to the first deflection combination Between the magnet and the second deflection combination magnet, the second horizontal defocusing four-pole and six-pole combination magnet is connected between the second deflection combination magnet and the third deflection combination magnet, and the third horizontal defocusing four-pole and six-pole combination magnet It is connected between the third deflection combination magnet and the fourth deflection combination magnet, and the fourth horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combination magnet is connected between the fourth deflection combination magnet and the first deflection combination magnet.

第一偏转组合磁铁和第二偏转组合磁铁之间依次连接有高频加速装置、第一注入凸轨磁铁、横向高频激励电极、以及第一水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁。The first deflection combination magnet and the second deflection combination magnet are sequentially connected with a high-frequency acceleration device, a first injection bump magnet, a transverse high-frequency excitation electrode, and a first horizontal defocusing four-pole and six-pole combination magnet.

第二偏转组合磁铁和第三偏转组合磁铁之间依次连接有第二水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁和引出静电切割板。Between the second deflection combined magnet and the third deflection combined magnet, a second horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole combined magnet and a static electricity cutting plate are sequentially connected.

第三偏转组合磁铁和第四偏转组合磁铁之间依次连接有第二注入凸轨磁铁和第三水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁。Between the third deflection combination magnet and the fourth deflection combination magnet, the second injection bump magnet and the third horizontal defocusing four-pole and six-pole combination magnet are sequentially connected.

第三偏转组合磁铁依次连接有第一引出静磁切割磁铁和第二引出静磁切割磁铁。The third deflection combination magnet is sequentially connected with the first lead-out static magneto-cutting magnet and the second lead-out static magnetostat cut-off magnet.

第四偏转组合磁铁和第一偏转组合磁铁之间依次连接有第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁和注入静电切割板。Between the fourth deflection combination magnet and the first deflection combination magnet, a fourth horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole combination magnet and an injection static cutting plate are sequentially connected.

注入静电切割板连接有注入静磁切割磁铁。The injection static cutting plate is connected with injection static magnetic cutting magnets.

所述偏转组合磁铁为分段式结构,形成为带梯度的偏转磁铁。The combined deflection magnet has a segmented structure and is formed as a deflection magnet with a gradient.

本发明通过使偏转组合磁铁兼具偏转二极磁铁和水平聚焦、水平散焦四极磁铁功能,从而达到双向聚焦控制其水平和垂直包络函数都在较小水平,通过设计偏转组合磁铁所具有的四极分量的强度,可以将工作点控制在弱聚焦(工作点小于1)和强聚焦(工作点大于1)。强聚焦可以提高束流对磁场和安装等误差的容忍性。由于在设计和制造中就固定了每块偏转组合磁铁具有的四极分量强度,制造过程中的误差和设计的不完美会造成不同偏转组合磁铁强度下所具有的四极分量的相对强度(四极分量强度/偏转二极磁铁强度)不同,且无法进行调节,这就需要一些附加的四极磁铁进行工作点校正,以及进行工作点移动。此外,同步加速器还需要六极磁铁进行共振激发和色品校正。将校正四极磁铁和六极磁铁组合成四极六极组合磁铁使得同一元件具有两种功能也有助于结构的优化。与专利文献CN105392270A相比,本发明的包络函数更小,进而有效增加了同步加速器的接受度,增加了质子储存数目,提高了质子利用率和占空比,缩短了治疗时间;小的包络函数意味着较小的磁铁孔径和小的磁铁储能,也降低了能量消耗;也减少整个加速器的周长,进而最大程度地降低装置和建筑的建造成本,降低了治疗成本。另外,本发明的结构非常紧凑,减少了不必要的间隙和磁铁元件,以利用尽可能少的元件数目实现医用加速器的功能。总之,本发明通过首次在医用质子加速器上采用四极二极组合磁铁和四极六极组合磁铁,将全环包络函数控制在较小水平,有效增加了同步加速器的接受度和质子储存数目,提高了质子利用率和占空比,缩短治疗时间;另外,组合型磁铁和四块弯铁的采用减少了磁铁元件和他们之间的间隙,利用尽可能少的元件数目实现医用加速器的功能,从而减少同步加速器占用的空间,降低了设备成本和治疗成本。In the present invention, the deflection combined magnet has the functions of the deflection dipole magnet and the horizontal focusing and horizontal defocusing quadrupole magnets, so as to achieve two-way focusing control, and its horizontal and vertical envelope functions are at a relatively small level. By designing the deflection combined magnet, the The intensity of the quadrupole component can control the working point in weak focus (working point less than 1) and strong focus (working point greater than 1). Strong focusing increases the tolerance of the beam to errors such as magnetic field and installation. Since the quadrupole component strength of each deflection combination magnet is fixed in design and manufacture, errors in the manufacturing process and imperfect design will cause the relative strength of the quadrupole components (four poles) under different deflection combination magnet strengths. Pole component strength/deflection dipole magnet strength) are different and cannot be adjusted, which requires some additional quadrupole magnets for operating point correction, as well as for operating point shifting. In addition, a synchrotron requires a hexapole magnet for resonant excitation and chromaticity correction. Combining the correction quadrupole magnet and the hexapole magnet into a quadrupole-six-pole combined magnet makes the same component have two functions, which also contributes to the optimization of the structure. Compared with the patent document CN105392270A, the envelope function of the present invention is smaller, thereby effectively increasing the acceptance of the synchrotron, increasing the number of proton storage, improving the proton utilization rate and duty cycle, and shortening the treatment time; the small envelope The network function means smaller magnet aperture and small magnet energy storage, which also reduces energy consumption; it also reduces the perimeter of the entire accelerator, thereby minimizing the construction cost of devices and buildings, and reducing treatment costs. In addition, the structure of the present invention is very compact, reducing unnecessary gaps and magnet elements, so as to realize the function of a medical accelerator with as few elements as possible. In a word, the present invention controls the full-circle envelope function at a relatively small level by using quadrupole-two-pole combined magnets and quadrupole-six-pole combined magnets on the medical proton accelerator for the first time, effectively increasing the acceptance of the synchrotron and the number of protons stored , improve the proton utilization rate and duty cycle, and shorten the treatment time; in addition, the use of combined magnets and four bent irons reduces the gap between the magnet components and them, and realizes the function of a medical accelerator with as few components as possible , thereby reducing the space occupied by the synchrotron, reducing equipment costs and treatment costs.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是根据本发明的一个优选实施例的组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a proton synchrotron made of a combined magnet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

图2是图1的组合型磁铁构成的医用质子同步加速器的包络函数的示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the envelope function of the medical proton synchrotron formed by the combined magnet of Fig. 1;

图3是根据本发明的另一个优选实施例的偏转组合磁铁的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deflection composite magnet according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图1-3,给出本发明的优选实施例,并予以详细描述。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1-3, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is given and described in detail.

如图1所示,根据本发明的组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器包括第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁1、2、3、4,其中,第一偏转组合磁铁1与第二偏转组合磁铁2相连,第二偏转组合磁铁2与第三偏转组合磁铁3相连,第三偏转组合磁铁3与第四偏转组合磁铁4相连,第四偏转组合磁铁4与第一偏转组合磁铁1相连以构成一环形结构以偏转束流(束流方向为图1中环形结构的顺时针方向)。其中,第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁1、2、3、4均为偏转角度为90度的组合型磁铁,其同时具有偏转二极磁铁、水平聚焦和水平散焦四极磁铁功能。具体地,第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁1、2、3、4均由两部分组成,每部分具有预定的不同强度四极分量,分别具有水平散焦和水平聚焦作用,构成二极四极组合型磁铁。As shown in Fig. 1, the proton synchrotron composed of combined magnets according to the present invention includes first, second, third and fourth deflection combined magnets 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein the first deflection combined magnet 1 and The second deflection combination magnet 2 is connected, the second deflection combination magnet 2 is connected with the third deflection combination magnet 3, the third deflection combination magnet 3 is connected with the fourth deflection combination magnet 4, and the fourth deflection combination magnet 4 is connected with the first deflection combination magnet 1 are connected to form a ring structure to deflect the beam (the beam direction is clockwise of the ring structure in Figure 1). Among them, the first, second, third and fourth deflection combined magnets 1, 2, 3, and 4 are combined magnets with a deflection angle of 90 degrees, and they have four deflection two-pole magnets, horizontal focus and horizontal defocus. Pole magnet function. Specifically, the first, second, third, and fourth deflection combined magnets 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all composed of two parts, each of which has a predetermined quadrupole component of different intensity, and has horizontal defocusing and horizontal focusing functions respectively. , forming a two-pole four-pole combination magnet.

质子同步加速器还包括第一直线节、第二直线节、第三直线节和第四直线节,其中第一直线节连接在第一偏转组合磁铁1与第二偏转组合磁铁2之间,第二直线节连接在第二偏转组合磁铁2与第三偏转组合磁铁3之间,第三直线节连接在第三偏转组合磁铁3与第四偏转组合磁铁4之间,第四直线节连接在第四偏转组合磁铁4与第一偏转组合磁铁1之间。The proton synchrotron also includes a first linear section, a second linear section, a third linear section and a fourth linear section, wherein the first linear section is connected between the first deflection combined magnet 1 and the second deflection combined magnet 2, The second linear section is connected between the second deflection combined magnet 2 and the third deflection combined magnet 3, the third linear section is connected between the third deflection combined magnet 3 and the fourth deflection combined magnet 4, and the fourth linear section is connected between Between the fourth deflection combined magnet 4 and the first deflection combined magnet 1 .

第一直线节包括依次连接在第一偏转组合磁铁1与第二偏转组合磁铁2之间的高频加速装置41、第一注入凸轨磁铁13、横向高频激励电极31、以及第一水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁21。The first linear section includes a high-frequency accelerator 41 sequentially connected between the first deflection combined magnet 1 and the second deflection combined magnet 2, the first injection bump magnet 13, the transverse high-frequency excitation electrode 31, and the first horizontal Defocus quadrupole and hexapole combined magnet 21.

第二直线节包括依次连接在第二偏转组合磁铁2与第三偏转组合磁铁3之间的第二水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁22、以及引出静电切割板32。The second linear section includes a second horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole magnet 22 sequentially connected between the second deflection composite magnet 2 and the third deflection composite magnet 3 , and a static electricity cutting plate 32 .

第三直线节包括依次连接在第三偏转组合磁铁3与第四偏转组合磁铁4之间的第二注入凸轨磁铁14、以及第三水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁23。另外,第三直线节还包括与第三偏转组合磁铁3依次连接的第一引出静磁切割磁铁33和第二引出静磁切割磁铁34。The third linear section includes the second injection bump magnet 14 sequentially connected between the third deflection combined magnet 3 and the fourth deflection combined magnet 4 , and the third horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole combined magnet 23 . In addition, the third linear section also includes a first lead-out static magnet cutting magnet 33 and a second lead-out static magnet cutting magnet 34 which are sequentially connected to the third deflection combined magnet 3 .

第四直线节包括依次连接在第四偏转组合磁铁4与第一偏转组合磁铁1的第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁24、以及注入静电切割板12。另外,第四直线节还包括与注入静电切割板12连接的注入静磁切割磁铁11。The fourth linear section includes a fourth horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole combined magnet 24 sequentially connected to the fourth deflection combined magnet 4 and the first deflection combined magnet 1 , and the electrostatic injection cutting plate 12 . In addition, the fourth linear section further includes an injected static magnet cutting magnet 11 connected to the injected electrostatic cutting plate 12 .

其中,第一、第二、第三和第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁21、22、23、24同时具有水平散焦四极磁铁和水平散焦六极磁铁功能,构成四极六极组合磁铁。具体地,第一、第二、第三和第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁21、22、23、24具有既定的六极分量,分别具有共振六极磁铁和色品六极磁铁作用,形成了四极六极组合磁铁。Among them, the first, second, third and fourth horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole combined magnets 21, 22, 23, 24 have the functions of horizontal defocusing quadrupole magnet and horizontal defocusing hexapole magnet at the same time, forming a quadrupole Hexapole combined magnet. Specifically, the first, second, third, and fourth horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combined magnets 21, 22, 23, and 24 have predetermined hexapole components, respectively having a resonant hexapole magnet and a chromaticity hexapole magnet Effect, forming a four-pole six-pole combination magnet.

应理解,第一、第二、第三和第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁21、22、23、24也可以替换为第一、第二、第三和第四水平聚焦四极与六极组合磁铁。It should be understood that the combined magnets 21, 22, 23, and 24 of the first, second, third and fourth horizontal defocusing quadrupoles and hexapoles may also be replaced by the first, second, third and fourth horizontal focusing quadrupoles Combination magnet with hexapole.

以上提到的各部件之间通过真空管(图中未示)相连。The above-mentioned components are connected through vacuum tubes (not shown in the figure).

在实际使用时,一个治疗周期内由注入器提供低能质子束经过注入静磁切割磁铁11、注入静电切割板12、第一和第二注入凸轨磁铁13、14、以及第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁1、2、3、4注入到本发明的组合型磁铁构成的医用质子同步加速器并形成储存;然后,根据治疗要求,通过同步上升第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁1、2、3、4的场强,质子在高频加速装置41的作用下能量得到提升。在相应治疗的能量,激励第一、第二、第三和第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁21、22、23、24,移动工作点到靠近三阶共振线,在横向激励电极31、第一、第三水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁21、23所具有的六极分量作用下扩散到引出通道,经过引出静电切割板32和第一、第二引出静电切割磁铁33、34引出到质子同步加速器外直至病人。在需要时,可以在治疗周期内停止引出,并切换能量实施引出。In actual use, the low-energy proton beam provided by the injector passes through the injection static cutting magnet 11, the injection electrostatic cutting plate 12, the first and second injection bump rail magnets 13, 14, and the first, second, and The third and fourth deflection combined magnets 1, 2, 3, 4 are injected into the medical proton synchrotron formed by the combined magnet of the present invention and stored; then, according to treatment requirements, the first, second and third Combining the field strength of the magnets 1, 2, 3, and 4 with the fourth deflection, the energy of the protons is enhanced under the action of the high-frequency accelerator 41. In the energy of the corresponding treatment, excite the first, second, third and fourth horizontal defocused four-pole and six-pole combined magnets 21, 22, 23, 24, move the working point to be close to the third-order resonance line, and excite the electrodes in the transverse direction 31. The hexapole components of the first and third horizontal defocused quadrupole and hexapole combined magnets 21 and 23 diffuse to the lead-out channel, passing through the lead-out electrostatic cutting plate 32 and the first and second lead-out electrostatic cutting magnets 33 , 34 lead out to the outside of the proton synchrotron until the patient. Extraction can be stopped during a treatment cycle and energy can be switched to perform extraction when needed.

图2为本发明的水平和垂直束流包络函数,其中,纵坐标表示函数的大小,单位为米(m),横坐标表示在同步加速器中的纵向位置,单位为米(m)。可见,本发明具有包络函数小,有效接受度大的特点,模拟计算表明可以储存更多的质子。Fig. 2 is horizontal and vertical beam current envelope function of the present invention, and wherein, the size of ordinate represents function, and the unit is meter (m), and abscissa represents the longitudinal position in synchrotron, and unit is meter (m). It can be seen that the present invention has the characteristics of small envelope function and large effective acceptance, and simulation calculation shows that more protons can be stored.

在本实施例中,第四偏转组合磁铁4为两段式结构,每段都具有不同强度的水平散焦或水平聚焦四极分量,形成为带梯度的偏转磁铁。实际上,第四偏转组合磁铁40也可以根据需要形成为三段式结构,如图3所示。应理解,根据本发明的第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁1、2、3、4均可以根据需要进行设计。In this embodiment, the fourth combined deflection magnet 4 has a two-stage structure, and each stage has a horizontal defocus or horizontal focus quadrupole component with different strengths, forming a gradient deflection magnet. In fact, the fourth combined deflection magnet 40 can also be formed into a three-stage structure as required, as shown in FIG. 3 . It should be understood that the first, second, third and fourth deflection combined magnets 1, 2, 3, 4 according to the present invention can be designed as required.

综上,本发明采用了4块组合型偏转磁铁形成双向聚焦降低了包络函数和缩短周长,并且4块四极六极组合磁铁可以同时完成调节工作点和激励三阶共振工作。这样的结构极大的减少了元件数量,同时为了保证一定的调节的灵活性。To sum up, the present invention adopts four combined deflection magnets to form two-way focusing, which reduces the envelope function and shortens the circumference, and four four-pole and six-pole combined magnets can simultaneously complete the work of adjusting the operating point and stimulating the third-order resonance. Such a structure greatly reduces the number of components, and at the same time ensures a certain degree of adjustment flexibility.

以上的,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非用以限定本发明的范围,本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various changes can also be made to the above embodiments of the present invention.

本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰,皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。Various changes can also be made to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention. That is to say, all simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and description of the application for the present invention fall within the protection scope of the claims of the patent of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese
1.一种组合型磁铁构成的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,质子同步加速器包括通过四个直线节连接以形成环形结构的四个偏转组合磁铁,所述偏转组合磁铁为兼具偏转二极磁铁和水平聚焦、水平散焦四极磁铁功能的二四极组合磁铁,所述直线节中包括具有水平聚焦或水平散焦功能的四六极组合磁铁。1. A proton synchrotron composed of combined magnets is characterized in that the proton synchrotron comprises four deflection combined magnets connected to form an annular structure by four linear joints, and the deflection combined magnet is a deflection dipole magnet The two-quadrupole combined magnet with the functions of horizontal focusing and horizontal defocusing quadrupole magnets, the linear section includes four or six-pole combined magnets with the functions of horizontal focusing or horizontal defocusing.2.根据权利要求1所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,所述偏转组合磁铁为第一、第二、第三和第四偏转组合磁铁(1、2、3、4),其中,第一偏转组合磁铁(1)和第二偏转组合磁铁(2)相连,第二偏转组合磁铁(2)和第三偏转组合磁铁(3)相连,第三偏转组合磁铁(3)和第四偏转组合磁铁(4)相连,第四偏转组合磁铁(4)还与第一偏转组合磁铁(1)相连以构成一环形结构。2. The proton synchrotron according to claim 1, characterized in that, the deflection combined magnets are first, second, third and fourth deflection combined magnets (1, 2, 3, 4), wherein the first A deflection combination magnet (1) is connected with the second deflection combination magnet (2), the second deflection combination magnet (2) is connected with the third deflection combination magnet (3), the third deflection combination magnet (3) is connected with the fourth deflection combination magnet The magnets (4) are connected together, and the fourth deflection combination magnet (4) is also connected with the first deflection combination magnet (1) to form a ring structure.3.根据权利要求2所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,所述四六极组合磁铁包括第一、第二、第三和第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(21、22、23、24),其中,第一水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(21)连接在第一偏转组合磁铁(1)和第二偏转组合磁铁(2)之间,第二水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(22)连接在第二偏转组合磁铁(2)和第三偏转组合磁铁(3)之间,第三水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(23)连接在第三偏转组合磁铁(3)和第四偏转组合磁铁(4)之间,第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(24)连接在第四偏转组合磁铁(4)和第一偏转组合磁铁(1)之间。3. The proton synchrotron according to claim 2, characterized in that, the four hexapole combined magnets comprise first, second, third and fourth horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combined magnets (21, 22 , 23, 24), wherein, the first horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combined magnet (21) is connected between the first deflection combined magnet (1) and the second deflection combined magnet (2), and the second horizontal defocus The four-pole and six-pole combination magnet (22) is connected between the second deflection combination magnet (2) and the third deflection combination magnet (3), and the third horizontal defocus four-pole and six-pole combination magnet (23) is connected at the Between the three deflection combination magnets (3) and the fourth deflection combination magnet (4), the fourth horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combination magnet (24) is connected between the fourth deflection combination magnet (4) and the first deflection combination magnet (1) between.4.根据权利要求3所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,第一偏转组合磁铁(1)和第二偏转组合磁铁(2)之间依次连接有高频加速装置(41)、第一注入凸轨磁铁(13)、横向高频激励电极(31)、以及第一水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(21)。4. The proton synchrotron according to claim 3, characterized in that, between the first deflection combined magnet (1) and the second deflection combined magnet (2), a high-frequency accelerator (41), a first injection The raised rail magnet (13), the transverse high-frequency excitation electrode (31), and the first horizontal defocusing four-pole and six-pole combined magnet (21).5.根据权利要求3所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,第二偏转组合磁铁(2)和第三偏转组合磁铁(3)之间依次连接有第二水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(22)和引出静电切割板(32)。5. The proton synchrotron according to claim 3, characterized in that a second horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combination are sequentially connected between the second deflection combination magnet (2) and the third deflection combination magnet (3) Magnet (22) and lead static cutting plate (32).6.根据权利要求3所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,第三偏转组合磁铁(3)和第四偏转组合磁铁(4)之间依次连接有第二注入凸轨磁铁(14)和第三水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(23)。6. The proton synchrotron according to claim 3, characterized in that, between the third deflection combination magnet (3) and the fourth deflection combination magnet (4), the second injection bump magnet (14) and the second injection bump magnet (4) are sequentially connected. Three horizontal defocusing quadrupole and hexapole combined magnets (23).7.根据权利要求6所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,第三偏转组合磁铁(3)依次连接有第一引出静磁切割磁铁(33)和第二引出静磁切割磁铁(34)。7. The proton synchrotron according to claim 6, characterized in that, the third deflection combined magnet (3) is sequentially connected with a first extracting magnetostatic cutting magnet (33) and a second extracting magnetostatic cutting magnet (34).8.根据权利要求3所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,第四偏转组合磁铁(4)和第一偏转组合磁铁(1)之间依次连接有第四水平散焦四极与六极组合磁铁(24)和注入静电切割板(12)。8. The proton synchrotron according to claim 3, characterized in that a fourth horizontal defocus quadrupole and hexapole combination are sequentially connected between the fourth deflection combined magnet (4) and the first deflection combined magnet (1) Magnet (24) and injection static cutting plate (12).9.根据权利要求8所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,注入静电切割板(12)连接有注入静磁切割磁铁(11)。9. The proton synchrotron according to claim 8, characterized in that, the injection electrostatic cutting plate (12) is connected with an injection static magnetic cutting magnet (11).10.根据权利要求1所述的质子同步加速器,其特征在于,所述偏转组合磁铁为分段式结构,形成为带梯度的偏转磁铁。10. The proton synchrotron according to claim 1, characterized in that, the deflection combined magnet has a segmented structure and is formed as a gradient deflection magnet.
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