CN108200664B - Wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises: the system comprises a wireless data terminal and a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway; the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is connected with the M wireless data terminals through wireless network communication, and the wireless data terminals upload the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway in parallel. Transparent relays are also included. Has the advantages that: the invention well expands the number of sensors which can be accommodated in bridge monitoring, solves the problem of real-time and reliable collection of data in bridge monitoring, greatly improves the timeliness of bridge monitoring and abnormal early warning, and provides more timely and effective various state data of the bridge for bridge operation management and maintenance departments.

Description

Wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of data collection of real-time bridge monitoring, and particularly relates to a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and method.

Background

With the rapid development of urban traffic, the bridge is used as one of the most important traffic infrastructures in cities, so that the urban economic construction development is effectively promoted, convenience is provided for people to go out, and the quality of life of people is improved. Although the engineering life of an urban bridge is considerable, the safety and durability of the bridge structure are at risk, such as: under the influence of long-term load work of the bridge or adjacent engineering construction and the like, the local or whole structure of the bridge is changed, and the structural stress and the strain exceed the standard. In addition, factors such as inclination, torsion, cracks, support displacement, bridge pier settlement and the like all affect the use safety of the bridge and the structure.

In recent years, many bridge collapse accidents occur at home and abroad, and most of the accidents are caused by the lack of a bridge state monitoring means. Therefore, health monitoring of bridges has attracted a high attention. The bridge is monitored on line, the factors influencing the safe operation of the bridge are monitored regularly and quantitatively, real-time data are obtained, the data are processed and analyzed in time, the operation state and the structural safety of the bridge are evaluated, the health state of the bridge can be evaluated, a basis is provided for daily maintenance, detection, maintenance, reinforcement and repair of the bridge, and the bridge monitoring system has a positive effect on guaranteeing the integrity, safety, smoothness and the like of the urban bridge.

At present, the management and the protection of the bridge mainly depend on a manual mode, namely: and performing inspection tour on the appearance of the bridge, and performing objective evaluation on the sound condition grade so as to determine the technical safety state of the bridge. At present, a bridge running state monitoring scheme based on wireless communication is provided, various monitoring sensors are installed and deployed on a bridge, and data of the monitoring sensors are transmitted to a service platform through a wireless network. However, as the variety of information needed to monitor a bridge increases, the types and number of deployed sensors also increases. For example: a river-crossing bridge with a medium length generally needs to deploy more than one hundred various monitoring sensors, and a large number of sensors initiate wireless data reporting, which is very easy to generate co-channel interference and cause delay or even loss of data reporting. How to improve the real-time performance and the adaptability while ensuring the reliable collection and report of the bridge monitoring data, and flexibly adjusting the sampling period according to the business requirements to achieve the real-time online monitoring value is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection method, which can effectively solve the problems.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system, which comprises: the system comprises a wireless data terminal and a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway; the arrangement number of the wireless data terminals is M, and M is a natural number; each wireless data terminal is connected with a plurality of monitoring sensors arranged on a bridge, and the monitoring sensors are used for acquiring bridge monitoring data of the bridge and transmitting the bridge monitoring data to the wireless data terminals; the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is connected with the M wireless data terminals through wireless network communication, and the wireless data terminals upload the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway in parallel.

Preferably, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is connected with the M wireless data terminals through an internet of things LoRa.

Preferably, a transparent relay is also included; the transparent relay is connected between the wireless data terminal and the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway.

The invention also provides a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection method based on the wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway comprises a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body and M LoRa routing modules; the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body defines N paths of LoRa frequency points, No. 0 uplink frequency points and No. 0 downlink frequency points; the N paths of LoRa frequency points are respectively a No. 1 frequency point, a No. 2 frequency point, … frequency point and an N frequency point; the No. 0 uplink frequency point is a special frequency point and is defined as a frequency point used by the wireless data terminal for reporting registration information and reporting abnormal events to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway; the No. 0 downlink frequency point is a fixed frequency point and is defined as a frequency point used by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway for transmitting frequency point configuration information and task information to the wireless data terminal; the frequency point configuration information refers to frequency point values of N paths of LoRa frequency points and an optimal LoRa frequency point value selected from the N paths of LoRa frequency points by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body based on a load balancing strategy; n paths of LoRa frequency points are defined as special frequency points for data collection;

step 2, for the wireless data terminal, the working process is as follows: after the wireless data terminal is powered on, reading the address information of the wireless data terminal and the address information of a monitoring sensor connected with the wireless data terminal; then, the wireless data terminal sends registration information to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a special No. 0 uplink frequency point, wherein the registration information carries address information of the wireless data terminal and address information of a monitoring sensor connected with the wireless data terminal;

then, the wireless data terminal continuously monitors whether frequency point configuration information and task information sent by a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a No. 0 downlink frequency point are received or not in a No. 0 downlink frequency point receiving state; the frequency point configuration information comprises an optimal LoRa frequency point value; if so, the wireless data terminal is registered successfully; then, the wireless data terminal carries out bridge state collection work through a corresponding monitoring sensor according to the received task information, when the wireless data terminal obtains required bridge monitoring data, the wireless data terminal works at an optimal LoRa frequency point value, and reports the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the optimal LoRa frequency point; then, the wireless data terminal is switched to a state of continuously receiving the downlink frequency point No. 0, and whether new task information issued by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the downlink frequency point No. 0 is received or not is monitored; in the whole working process of the wireless data terminal, once the wireless data terminal detects an abnormal event, the wireless data terminal immediately works at the No. 0 uplink frequency point, and actively reports the abnormal event to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 uplink frequency point;

for the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway, the working process is as follows:

for the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway, M LoRa routing modules are provided, and for each LoRa routing module, an idle state, a data receiving state and a data issuing state are provided; when the LoRa routing module is in an idle state, configuring the LoRa routing module to work in a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state, and receiving abnormal event reporting information and registration information initiated by a wireless data terminal at any time;

when more than two LoRa routing modules receive registration information reported by the same wireless data terminal through a No. 0 uplink frequency point, a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body selects an optimal LoRa routing module from the more than two LoRa routing modules based on a preset priority rule, and simultaneously, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body selects an optimal LoRa frequency value from a No. 1 frequency point to a No. N frequency point based on a load balancing strategy, then, the registration information is responded through the optimal LoRa routing module, if the registration is passed, the optimal LoRa routing module firstly works at a No. 0 downlink frequency point, and sends frequency point configuration information and task information carrying the optimal LoRa frequency value to the corresponding wireless data terminal through the No. 0 downlink frequency point; then, the optimal LoRa routing module is converted into a data receiving state, works at an optimal frequency point corresponding to the optimal LoRa frequency point value, and waits for a corresponding wireless data terminal to report bridge monitoring data through the optimal LoRa frequency point, so that a data acquisition function is realized; and when the data acquisition is successful, the optimal LoRa routing module is switched to a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state and is used for receiving the abnormal event report information and the registration information initiated by the wireless data terminal at any time.

Preferably, the preset priority rule refers to: the priority of the LoRa routing module which receives the registration information reported by the wireless data terminal first is highest.

Preferably, for the transparent relay, the working process is as follows:

the transparent relay is simultaneously connected with the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway and each wireless data terminal; the transparent relay configures an M +2 path relay communication module;

after the transparent relay is electrified and initialized, reading address information of each wireless data terminal, address information of a monitoring sensor connected with each wireless data terminal and transparent relay address information; then, the transparent relay sends registration information to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a special No. 0 uplink frequency point, wherein the registration information carries address information of each wireless data terminal, address information of a monitoring sensor connected with each wireless data terminal and transparent relay address information;

then, the transparent relay continuously receives the state of No. 0 downlink frequency point, and monitors whether the frequency point configuration information and the task information sent by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 downlink frequency point are received; the frequency point configuration information comprises an optimal LoRa frequency point value; if so, the transparent relay is registered successfully; then, the transparent relay performs bridge state collection work through a corresponding monitoring sensor according to the received task information, when the transparent relay obtains required bridge monitoring data, the transparent relay works at an optimal LoRa frequency point value, and reports the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the optimal LoRa frequency point; then, the transparent relay is switched to a state of continuously receiving the downlink frequency point No. 0, and whether new task information issued by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the downlink frequency point No. 0 is received or not is monitored; in the whole working process of the transparent relay, once the transparent relay detects an abnormal event, the transparent relay immediately works at the No. 0 uplink frequency point and actively reports the abnormal event to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 uplink frequency point.

The wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and method provided by the invention have the following advantages:

the invention realizes the acquisition method by designing a new parallel data acquisition method and deploying the method at a multi-frequency parallel data acquisition gateway, a transparent relay and a wireless data terminal connected with a bridge monitoring sensor. The invention well expands the number of sensors which can be accommodated in bridge monitoring, solves the problem of real-time and reliable collection of data in bridge monitoring, greatly improves the timeliness of bridge monitoring and abnormal early warning, and provides more timely and effective various state data of the bridge for bridge operation management and maintenance departments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an implementation of a wireless data terminal;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of an implementation of the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of the implementation of transparent relay.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides a wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and a corresponding method, aiming at solving the problem of real-time and reliable collection of data in bridge monitoring. The data of a large amount of wireless data terminals for bridge monitoring can be comprehensively and efficiently fused to the back-end service platform in a low-delay mode, and the timeliness of bridge monitoring and abnormal early warning is greatly improved.

Fig. 1 shows a scheme of a bridge monitoring system based on wireless communication, in which various monitoring sensors are deployed on a bridge. The wireless data terminal is connected to various monitoring sensors, and the running state data of the bridge is transmitted to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a low-power consumption internet of things (LoRa). The multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway passes through various operator networks, such as: and uploading the NB-IoT, the 4G and the GPRS to a service platform server. The invention mainly relates to a reliable and low-delay data collection method and a system between a wireless data terminal connected with various bridge monitoring sensors and a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway.

The data collection of the bridge running state relates to a wireless data terminal and a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway of a monitoring sensor end. Transparent relays are also involved if the bridge or environmental barrier is severe. The wireless data collection method of the present invention is applied to these three devices. The core of the invention is that the parallel acquisition of the bridge monitoring data is realized by using a multi-path long-distance LoRa network, and the efficiency of various monitoring data of the bridge is greatly improved. The wireless data terminal of the monitoring sensor end is realized by adopting single-frequency-band LoRa, and the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is realized by adopting N-path LoRa hardware (N is more than or equal to 2). The following describes the frequency point definition and the implementation and execution logic on different devices of the data collection system and the data collection method of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system includes: the system comprises a wireless data terminal and a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway; the arrangement number of the wireless data terminals is M, and M is a natural number; each wireless data terminal is connected with a plurality of monitoring sensors arranged on a bridge, and the monitoring sensors are used for acquiring bridge monitoring data of the bridge and transmitting the bridge monitoring data to the wireless data terminals; the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is connected with the M wireless data terminals through wireless network communication, and the wireless data terminals upload the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway in parallel. The multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is connected with the M wireless data terminals through an internet of things LoRa. Also includes a transparent relay; the transparent relay is connected between the wireless data terminal and the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway.

(1) Frequency point definition for data collection

In order to realize multi-channel wireless parallel work to improve the data collection efficiency, the invention efficiently utilizes the data collection frequency points as much as possible, and particularly considers the problem of avoiding load imbalance possibly occurring at different frequency points. N LoRa frequency points are defined, where N is 4 as an example, and the setting principle of other N is similar. When N is 4, frequency points 1-4 are defined, and an uplink frequency point 0 and a downlink frequency point 0 are also defined.

The No. 0 uplink frequency point is a special frequency point and is defined as a frequency point used by the wireless data terminal for reporting registration information and reporting abnormal events to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway;

the No. 0 downlink frequency point is a fixed frequency point and is defined as a frequency point used by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway for transmitting frequency point configuration information and task information to the wireless data terminal; the frequency point configuration information refers to frequency point values of N paths of LoRa frequency points and an optimal LoRa frequency point value selected from the N paths of LoRa frequency points by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body based on a load balancing strategy;

the N paths of LoRa frequency points are defined as special frequency points for data collection, and specific frequency points are determined by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway. The frequency point 1-4 can be flexibly changed after the bridge monitoring sensor is deployed.

(2) Execution logic for data terminal

The workflow of the data terminal is described as follows:

referring to fig. 2, after the wireless data terminal is powered on, the address information of the wireless data terminal and the address information of the monitoring sensor connected to the wireless data terminal are automatically read; then, the wireless data terminal sends registration information to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a special No. 0 uplink frequency point, wherein the registration information carries address information of the wireless data terminal and address information of a monitoring sensor connected with the wireless data terminal;

then, the wireless data terminal continuously monitors whether frequency point configuration information and task information sent by a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a No. 0 downlink frequency point are received or not in a No. 0 downlink frequency point receiving state; the frequency point configuration information comprises an optimal LoRa frequency point value; if so, the wireless data terminal is registered successfully; then, the wireless data terminal carries out bridge state collection work through a corresponding monitoring sensor according to the received task information, when the wireless data terminal obtains required bridge monitoring data, the wireless data terminal works at an optimal LoRa frequency point value, and reports the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the optimal LoRa frequency point; then, the wireless data terminal is switched to a state of continuously receiving the downlink frequency point No. 0, and whether new task information issued by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the downlink frequency point No. 0 is received or not is monitored; in the whole working process of the wireless data terminal, once the wireless data terminal detects an abnormal event, such as the data terminal is abnormal or a monitoring sensor is abnormal, the wireless data terminal immediately works at the uplink frequency point No. 0, and the abnormal event is actively reported to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the uplink frequency point No. 0.

(3) Execution logic for multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway

Referring to fig. 3, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway operates as follows: for the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway, M LoRa routing modules are provided, and for each LoRa routing module, an idle state, a data receiving state and a data issuing state are provided; when the LoRa routing module is in an idle state, configuring the LoRa routing module to work in a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state, and receiving abnormal event reporting information and registration information initiated by a wireless data terminal at any time;

when more than two LoRa routing modules receive registration information reported by the same wireless data terminal through a No. 0 uplink frequency point, a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body selects an optimal LoRa routing module from the more than two LoRa routing modules based on a preset priority rule, and simultaneously, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body selects an optimal LoRa frequency value from a No. 1 frequency point to a No. N frequency point based on a load balancing strategy, then, the registration information is responded through the optimal LoRa routing module, if the registration is passed, the optimal LoRa routing module firstly works at a No. 0 downlink frequency point, and sends frequency point configuration information and task information carrying the optimal LoRa frequency value to the corresponding wireless data terminal through the No. 0 downlink frequency point; then, the optimal LoRa routing module is converted into a data receiving state, works at an optimal frequency point corresponding to the optimal LoRa frequency point value, and waits for a corresponding wireless data terminal to report bridge monitoring data through the optimal LoRa frequency point, so that a data acquisition function is realized; and when the data acquisition is successful, the optimal LoRa routing module is switched to a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state and is used for receiving the abnormal event report information and the registration information initiated by the wireless data terminal at any time.

The summary is as follows:

(1) the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway can be provided with N LoRa routing modules (N is 4 in the invention for example), and can realize parallel data collection by using frequency points 1-4. The LoRa routing module is not bound with the frequency points 1-4, namely the corresponding relation is not fixed clearly;

(2) the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway 4-path LoRa routing module is in a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state when no data is sent, can receive abnormal event reports initiated by a wireless data terminal at any time, and does not affect the frequency points in data collection. For example: in the 4 LoRa routing modules, a 1 st route is issued by using a No. 0 downlink frequency point in a data collection task, and the 2 nd to 4 th LoRa routing modules are all in a No. 0 uplink receiving state;

(3) the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway may have the situation that a request is received by multiple LoRa routing modules at the uplink frequency point No. 0, and then the gateway decides which LoRa routing module responds to the wireless data terminal at the downlink frequency point No. 0, for example: a gateway where the request arrives first may be used to respond preferentially, or a response mechanism that introduces priority may be used.

(4) Before each data packet is issued, the LoRa routing module of the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway selects 1 or several available frequency points among the frequency points No. 1-4. For example: the No. 1 and No. 3 LoRa routing modules of the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway currently occupy the frequency points of No. 2 and No. 3 respectively for data reception, and the No. 3 LoRa routing modules of the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway can use the No. 0 downlink frequency point to send data, and select the No. 3 channel at the No. 1 frequency point and the No. 4 channel at the No. 4 frequency point to receive data.

(4) Execution logic for transparent relay

When some wireless data terminals cannot communicate with the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway due to communication distance or barrier blocking and the like, the invention designs the transparent relay, and can be conveniently deployed on the bridge on the premise of not influencing the communication mechanism of the wireless data terminals and the parallel gateway and changing network configuration. Meanwhile, wireless data terminals at certain specific positions can be replaced by wireless data terminals with relay functions, and the wireless data terminals have the wireless data terminal functions and the relay functions. The execution logic may generally describe:

(1) the transparent relay is provided with 6 LoRa communication modules and can simultaneously forward No. 0 uplink, No. 0 downlink and No. 1-4 frequency point data;

(2) the transparent relay sends a request for acquiring the frequency point parameters of No. 1 to No. 4 to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the uplink frequency point of No. 0, and the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway sends back the frequency point parameters of No. 1 to No. 4 through the downlink frequency point of No. 0

Referring to fig. 4, for the transparent relay, the specific working process is as follows:

the transparent relay is simultaneously connected with the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway and each wireless data terminal; the transparent relay configures an M +2 path relay communication module;

after the transparent relay is electrified and initialized, reading address information of each wireless data terminal, address information of a monitoring sensor connected with each wireless data terminal and transparent relay address information; then, the transparent relay sends registration information to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a special No. 0 uplink frequency point, wherein the registration information carries address information of each wireless data terminal, address information of a monitoring sensor connected with each wireless data terminal and transparent relay address information;

then, the transparent relay continuously receives the state of No. 0 downlink frequency point, and monitors whether the frequency point configuration information and the task information sent by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 downlink frequency point are received; the frequency point configuration information comprises an optimal LoRa frequency point value; if so, the transparent relay is registered successfully; then, the transparent relay performs bridge state collection work through a corresponding monitoring sensor according to the received task information, when the transparent relay obtains required bridge monitoring data, the transparent relay works at an optimal LoRa frequency point value, and reports the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the optimal LoRa frequency point; then, the transparent relay is switched to a state of continuously receiving the downlink frequency point No. 0, and whether new task information issued by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the downlink frequency point No. 0 is received or not is monitored; in the whole working process of the transparent relay, once the transparent relay detects an abnormal event, the transparent relay immediately works at the No. 0 uplink frequency point and actively reports the abnormal event to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 uplink frequency point.

The bridge health monitoring based on wireless needs to consider the real-time performance of data collection on one hand and the robustness of data collection on the other hand, and when part of wireless data terminals or relays are abnormal, the collection of other data can be guaranteed not to be affected. Because the whole network adopts a broadcast concurrency mechanism, the problem of establishing a routing table is avoided, and only the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway module stores the data terminal relay time parameter (power failure loss), once a certain communication module in the network formed by the wireless data terminal and the transparent relay is damaged, a new module can be directly replaced, meanwhile, the wireless data terminal can be randomly increased or reduced in the network, and the whole network cannot be influenced.

The wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system and method provided by the invention have the following advantages:

the invention realizes the acquisition method by designing a new parallel data acquisition method and deploying the method at a multi-frequency parallel data acquisition gateway, a transparent relay and a wireless data terminal connected with a bridge monitoring sensor. The invention well expands the number of sensors which can be accommodated in bridge monitoring, solves the problem of real-time and reliable collection of data in bridge monitoring, greatly improves the timeliness of bridge monitoring and abnormal early warning, and provides more timely and effective various state data of the bridge for bridge operation management and maintenance departments.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a wireless remote multifrequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection method based on wireless remote multifrequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system which characterized in that, wireless remote multifrequency parallel bridge monitoring data collection system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a wireless data terminal and a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway; the arrangement number of the wireless data terminals is M, and M is a natural number; each wireless data terminal is connected with a plurality of monitoring sensors arranged on a bridge, and the monitoring sensors are used for acquiring bridge monitoring data of the bridge and transmitting the bridge monitoring data to the wireless data terminals; the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is in communication connection with the M wireless data terminals through a wireless network, and each wireless data terminal uploads the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway in parallel;

the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway comprises a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body and M LoRa routing modules; the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body defines N paths of LoRa frequency points, No. 0 uplink frequency points and No. 0 downlink frequency points; the N paths of LoRa frequency points are respectively a No. 1 frequency point, a No. 2 frequency point, … frequency point and an N frequency point; the No. 0 uplink frequency point is a special frequency point and is defined as a frequency point used by the wireless data terminal for reporting registration information and reporting abnormal events to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway; the No. 0 downlink frequency point is a fixed frequency point and is defined as a frequency point used by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway for transmitting frequency point configuration information and task information to the wireless data terminal; the frequency point configuration information refers to frequency point values of N paths of LoRa frequency points and an optimal LoRa frequency point value selected from the N paths of LoRa frequency points by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body based on a load balancing strategy; n paths of LoRa frequency points are defined as special frequency points for data collection;

step 2, for the wireless data terminal, the working process is as follows: after the wireless data terminal is powered on, reading the address information of the wireless data terminal and the address information of a monitoring sensor connected with the wireless data terminal; then, the wireless data terminal sends registration information to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a special No. 0 uplink frequency point, wherein the registration information carries address information of the wireless data terminal and address information of a monitoring sensor connected with the wireless data terminal;

then, the wireless data terminal continuously monitors whether frequency point configuration information and task information sent by a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a No. 0 downlink frequency point are received or not in a No. 0 downlink frequency point receiving state; the frequency point configuration information comprises an optimal LoRa frequency point value; if so, the wireless data terminal is registered successfully; then, the wireless data terminal carries out bridge state collection work through a corresponding monitoring sensor according to the received task information, when the wireless data terminal obtains required bridge monitoring data, the wireless data terminal works at an optimal LoRa frequency point value, and reports the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the optimal LoRa frequency point; then, the wireless data terminal is switched to a state of continuously receiving the downlink frequency point No. 0, and whether new task information issued by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the downlink frequency point No. 0 is received or not is monitored; in the whole working process of the wireless data terminal, once the wireless data terminal detects an abnormal event, the wireless data terminal immediately works at the No. 0 uplink frequency point, and actively reports the abnormal event to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 uplink frequency point;

for the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway, the working process is as follows:

for the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway, M LoRa routing modules are provided, and for each LoRa routing module, an idle state, a data receiving state and a data issuing state are provided; when the LoRa routing module is in an idle state, configuring the LoRa routing module to work in a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state, and receiving abnormal event reporting information and registration information initiated by a wireless data terminal at any time;

when more than two LoRa routing modules receive registration information reported by the same wireless data terminal through a No. 0 uplink frequency point, a multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body selects an optimal LoRa routing module from the more than two LoRa routing modules based on a preset priority rule, and simultaneously, the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway body selects an optimal LoRa frequency value from a No. 1 frequency point to a No. N frequency point based on a load balancing strategy, then, the registration information is responded through the optimal LoRa routing module, if the registration is passed, the optimal LoRa routing module firstly works at a No. 0 downlink frequency point, and sends frequency point configuration information and task information carrying the optimal LoRa frequency value to the corresponding wireless data terminal through the No. 0 downlink frequency point; then, the optimal LoRa routing module is converted into a data receiving state, works at an optimal frequency point corresponding to the optimal LoRa frequency point value, and waits for a corresponding wireless data terminal to report bridge monitoring data through the optimal LoRa frequency point, so that a data acquisition function is realized; and when the data acquisition is successful, the optimal LoRa routing module is switched to a No. 0 uplink frequency point receiving state and is used for receiving the abnormal event report information and the registration information initiated by the wireless data terminal at any time.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined priority rule is: the priority of the LoRa routing module which receives the registration information reported by the wireless data terminal first is highest.

3. The method for collecting the wireless remote multi-frequency parallel bridge monitoring data according to claim 1, wherein for the transparent relay, the working process is as follows:

the transparent relay is simultaneously connected with the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway and each wireless data terminal; the transparent relay configures an M +2 path relay communication module;

after the transparent relay is electrified and initialized, reading address information of each wireless data terminal, address information of a monitoring sensor connected with each wireless data terminal and transparent relay address information; then, the transparent relay sends registration information to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through a special No. 0 uplink frequency point, wherein the registration information carries address information of each wireless data terminal, address information of a monitoring sensor connected with each wireless data terminal and transparent relay address information;

then, the transparent relay continuously receives the state of No. 0 downlink frequency point, and monitors whether the frequency point configuration information and the task information sent by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 downlink frequency point are received; the frequency point configuration information comprises an optimal LoRa frequency point value; if so, the transparent relay is registered successfully; then, the transparent relay performs bridge state collection work through a corresponding monitoring sensor according to the received task information, when the transparent relay obtains required bridge monitoring data, the transparent relay works at an optimal LoRa frequency point value, and reports the bridge monitoring data to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the optimal LoRa frequency point; then, the transparent relay is switched to a state of continuously receiving the downlink frequency point No. 0, and whether new task information issued by the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the downlink frequency point No. 0 is received or not is monitored; in the whole working process of the transparent relay, once the transparent relay detects an abnormal event, the transparent relay immediately works at the No. 0 uplink frequency point and actively reports the abnormal event to the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway through the No. 0 uplink frequency point.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway is connected to the M wireless data terminals via an internet of things LoRa.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a transparent relay; the transparent relay is connected between the wireless data terminal and the multi-frequency parallel data collection gateway.

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