技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统的数据加密技术，能够有效的防止数据丢失，防止恶意渗透。The invention relates to a data encryption technology based on a Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system, which can effectively prevent data loss and malicious infiltration.
背景技术Background technique
电力系统通信是电力系统不可缺少的重要组成部分，是电网调度自动化和生产管理现代化的基础，是确保电网安全、经济、稳定运行的重要技术手段。通信光缆作为桥梁为电力生产和经营管理的保护、安控、自动化、调度电话、行政电话、综合数据、会议电视等业务提供可靠的传输通道。保护光缆不受损伤，对电网安全运行有着非常重要的意义。Power system communication is an indispensable and important part of the power system, the basis of power grid dispatching automation and production management modernization, and an important technical means to ensure the safe, economical and stable operation of the power grid. As a bridge, the communication optical cable provides a reliable transmission channel for the protection, security control, automation, dispatching telephone, administrative telephone, comprehensive data, conference TV and other services of power production and operation management. Protecting optical cables from damage is of great significance to the safe operation of power grids.
随着国家电力基础设施投入的逐年增大，电力隧道的长度、通信光缆的长度、竖井的个数等也正在迅速增加，由于运行维护人员的增长速度远远跟不上电力基础设施的增长速度，致使电力隧道运行工作面临着巨大压力。电缆沟是变电站、发电厂中必不可少的基础设施，电缆沟中敷设的光缆是发电厂和变电站的神经中枢，一旦光缆发生故障，不仅检查处理工作难度大、时间长，还可能造成继电保护、稳控业务失效，造成事故扩大，造成安全事件。想解决当前面临的种种问题，仅靠大量增加运行人员数量来应对电缆沟道、通信光缆、竖井的迅速增长和管理压力已不现实，采用现代化的技术手段来提高运行维护水平是当务之急。及时有效并且准备地判断电缆沟、竖井或是机房内的潜在隐患，避免由于起火、渗水等因素造成光缆、电缆和通信设备的损坏，保障通信网、电网安全存在重要意义。With the increasing investment in national power infrastructure year by year, the length of power tunnels, the length of communication optical cables, the number of shafts, etc. are also increasing rapidly, because the growth rate of operation and maintenance personnel is far behind the growth rate of power infrastructure , As a result, the operation of the power tunnel is facing enormous pressure. Cable trenches are essential infrastructure in substations and power plants. The optical cables laid in the cable trenches are the nerve centers of power plants and substations. Once the optical cables fail, it will not only be difficult and time-consuming to check and deal with, but may also cause relay failures. The protection and stability control business fails, resulting in the expansion of accidents and security incidents. To solve the current problems, it is unrealistic to rely on a large increase in the number of operating personnel to cope with the rapid growth and management pressure of cable trenches, communication optical cables, and shafts. It is urgent to use modern technical means to improve the level of operation and maintenance. It is of great significance to timely and effectively judge potential hidden dangers in cable trenches, shafts or computer rooms, avoid damage to optical cables, cables and communication equipment due to factors such as fire and water seepage, and ensure the safety of communication networks and power grids.
随着变电站智能化的应用，通过先进的技术、设备、方法的应用，实现电网的安全、可靠、环境友好成为一种途径。通过在电缆沟、竖井布放环境监测装置，实时监测烟雾、温湿度、是否渗水等一系列环境信息，将该信息通过加密的无线传输技术传送至运维人员，实现数据的超远距离、抗干扰、可靠传输。With the application of substation intelligence, through the application of advanced technology, equipment and methods, it has become a way to realize the safety, reliability and environmental friendliness of the power grid. By deploying environmental monitoring devices in cable trenches and shafts, a series of environmental information such as smog, temperature and humidity, and water seepage are monitored in real time, and the information is transmitted to operation and maintenance personnel through encrypted wireless transmission technology to achieve ultra-long-distance and anti-corrosion data Interference, reliable transmission.
在数据传输过程中，如何防止数据丢失，防止恶意渗透，对电力系统的安全稳定运行有着巨大的作用。因此，采用智能预警算法，分析历史数据，提前发现可能存在的隐患和故障，可有效降低光缆故障导致的电网运行风险，提升电网的供电可靠性。In the process of data transmission, how to prevent data loss and malicious infiltration has a huge effect on the safe and stable operation of the power system. Therefore, using intelligent early warning algorithms to analyze historical data and discover possible hidden dangers and faults in advance can effectively reduce the risk of power grid operation caused by fiber optic cable failures and improve the power supply reliability of the power grid.
发明内容Contents of the invention
基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统主要由三部分组成：现场数据采集部分，中间数据服务器部分和上端应用展示部分。现场数据采集部分主要由水位监测子系统、温度检测子系统、气体检测子系统、三个子系统构成，采集电缆沟、竖井等内部的温度、水位、气体、搜集整理后发送给最近的Lora/4G网关设备，网关设备负责把接收到的信息转发给远程的服务器主机。The wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system based on Lora spread spectrum mainly consists of three parts: on-site data acquisition part, intermediate data server part and upper-end application display part. The on-site data acquisition part is mainly composed of water level monitoring subsystem, temperature detection subsystem, gas detection subsystem, and three subsystems. It collects the temperature, water level, and gas inside cable trenches, shafts, etc., and sends them to the nearest Lora/4G after collection and sorting. Gateway device, the gateway device is responsible for forwarding the received information to the remote server host.
为了保证电缆沟和竖井内光缆安全可靠工作，保证现场数据采集的传输过程中，防止数据丢失，防止恶意渗透，本发明提出一种基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法。In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of optical cables in cable trenches and shafts, and to prevent data loss and malicious infiltration during the transmission process of on-site data collection, the present invention proposes a data encryption method based on Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system.
本发明可有效降低光缆故障导致的电网运行风险，提升电网的供电可靠性。The invention can effectively reduce the operation risk of the power grid caused by the failure of the optical cable, and improve the power supply reliability of the power grid.
本发明所采用的技术方案：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention:
一种基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法，包括采集终端与Lora网关之间的数据加密和Lora网关和远程服务器之间的数据加密，采集终端与Lora网关之间的数据加密采用跳频技术，通过对无线数据进行AES128加密处理实现数据的加密传输，可以有效地抗击干扰；Lora网关和远程服务器之间的数据加密采用安全传输层协议TLS(TransportLayer Security Protocol)，该协议用于在两个通信应用程序之间提供保密性和数据完整性。A data encryption method based on Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system, including data encryption between the acquisition terminal and the Lora gateway and data encryption between the Lora gateway and the remote server, the data encryption between the acquisition terminal and the Lora gateway adopts Frequency hopping technology, through AES128 encryption processing of wireless data to realize encrypted transmission of data, which can effectively fight against interference; data encryption between Lora gateway and remote server adopts TLS (TransportLayer Security Protocol), which is used for Provides confidentiality and data integrity between two communicating applications.
所述的基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法，其特征在于：安全传输层协议TLS由两层组成：TLS 记录协议（TLS Record）和 TLS 握手协议（TLS Handshake）；TLS 记录协议采用对称加密方法，其产生的密钥对每个连接都是唯一的，且此密钥基于握手协议协商；信息传输使用密钥的MAC进行信息完整性检查，并采用安全哈希功能用于 MAC计算。The data encryption method based on Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system is characterized in that: the secure transport layer protocol TLS is composed of two layers: TLS record protocol (TLS Record) and TLS handshake protocol (TLS Handshake); TLS record protocol The symmetric encryption method is adopted, and the key generated by it is unique to each connection, and the key is negotiated based on the handshake protocol; the information transmission uses the MAC of the key to check the integrity of the information, and uses the secure hash function for the MAC calculate.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、本发明基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法，能够有效的防止数据丢失，防止恶意渗透，可有效降低光缆故障导致的电网运行风险，提升电网的供电可靠性。采集终端与Lora网关之间的数据加密采用跳频技术，可以有效地抗击干扰。1. The present invention is based on the data encryption method of the Lora spread-spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system, which can effectively prevent data loss and malicious penetration, effectively reduce the risk of power grid operation caused by optical cable failure, and improve the power supply reliability of the power grid. The data encryption between the collection terminal and the Lora gateway adopts frequency hopping technology, which can effectively fight against interference.
2、本发明基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法，Lora网关和远程服务器之间的数据加密采用安全传输层协议TLS(Transport Layer Security Protocol)，该协议用于在两个通信应用程序之间提供保密性和数据完整性。2. The present invention is based on the data encryption method of the Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system. The data encryption between the Lora gateway and the remote server adopts a secure transport layer protocol TLS (Transport Layer Security Protocol), which is used in two communication applications. Confidentiality and data integrity are provided between programs.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施方式，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below through specific implementation methods.
实施例1Example 1
基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统，主要由三部分组成：现场数据采集部分，中间数据服务器部分和上端应用展示部分。现场数据采集部分主要采集电缆沟、竖井等内部的温度、水位、气体、搜集整理后发送给最近的Lora/4G网关设备，网关设备负责把接收到的信息转发给远程的服务器主机。Based on Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system, it mainly consists of three parts: on-site data collection part, intermediate data server part and upper-end application display part. The on-site data collection part mainly collects the temperature, water level, gas inside cable trenches, shafts, etc., and sends them to the nearest Lora/4G gateway device after collection and arrangement. The gateway device is responsible for forwarding the received information to the remote server host.
应用展示部分实现了当前比较流行的两种展示方式：WEB访问和APP。其特点为客户端仅加载浏览器即可访问数据库，数据查看方便、及时、规范；数据快速可靠地传输、存储、更新，以及前端显示多样性；实时监测，分析电缆沟、竖井环境；实现对传感器智能控制；实现系统的运行维护管理，主要包括系统管理，人员管理，权限管理；最终将现场实时监测到的数据进行后端存储，前端展示（以组态图、曲线图、详细数据等显示出来），并对这些数据进行统计和分析，将结果以报表等形式显示出来，对电缆沟、竖井的异常状态给予报警提示。The application display part implements two currently popular display methods: WEB access and APP. Its characteristics are that the client can access the database only by loading a browser, and the data viewing is convenient, timely, and standardized; the data is transmitted, stored, and updated quickly and reliably, and the front-end display is diverse; real-time monitoring and analysis of the environment of cable trenches and shafts; Sensor intelligent control; realize the operation and maintenance management of the system, mainly including system management, personnel management, and authority management; finally store the data monitored in real time on-site at the back end, and display it at the front end (displayed in configuration diagrams, graphs, detailed data, etc.) come out), and carry out statistics and analysis on these data, display the results in the form of reports, etc., and give alarm prompts to the abnormal status of cable trenches and shafts.
液位监测终端设备采用进口水位传感器，传感器将液位高度信息转换为4-20ma的电流信号，经过转换器之后调整为1-5V 的电压信号。处理器采集电压信号，建立液位-电压数学模型，达到实时监测液位的目的，并且通过Lora无线通信技术将数据发送给Lora/4G网关。The liquid level monitoring terminal equipment adopts the imported water level sensor. The sensor converts the liquid level height information into a 4-20ma current signal, which is adjusted to a 1-5V voltage signal after the converter. The processor collects voltage signals, establishes a liquid level-voltage mathematical model to achieve real-time monitoring of the liquid level, and sends the data to the Lora/4G gateway through Lora wireless communication technology.
温度检测终端设备采用数字温度传感器，处理器通过数字接口读取电缆沟和竖井内部温度，达到通过温度监测线缆工作状态的目的，并且通过Lora无线通信技术将数据发送给Lora/4G网关。The temperature detection terminal equipment uses a digital temperature sensor, and the processor reads the internal temperature of the cable trench and shaft through the digital interface to achieve the purpose of monitoring the working status of the cable through the temperature, and sends the data to the Lora/4G gateway through the Lora wireless communication technology.
气体检测终端设备可检测电缆沟内部的有害气体，采用国外原装进口传感器，可以同时检测气体中的氨气、沼气和一氧化碳，传感器输出的是1-5V的电压信号，处理器采用片内集成模数转换器计算电压值，建立气体成分浓度和电压的函数关系式，根据电压值监测空气中有害气体成分和浓度。烟雾的监测采用国产的高精度烟雾传感器，将空气中的烟雾浓度直接通过数字接口输出，处理器可以直接读取。然后将读取的数据通过Lora无线通信方式发送给网关设备。The gas detection terminal equipment can detect the harmful gas inside the cable trench. The imported sensor can detect ammonia, methane and carbon monoxide in the gas at the same time. The sensor outputs a voltage signal of 1-5V. The digital converter calculates the voltage value, establishes the functional relationship between the gas composition concentration and the voltage, and monitors the harmful gas composition and concentration in the air according to the voltage value. The smoke monitoring adopts the domestic high-precision smoke sensor, which directly outputs the smoke concentration in the air through the digital interface, and the processor can directly read it. Then send the read data to the gateway device through Lora wireless communication.
Lora/4G 网关设备可为物联网设备提供低功耗的、移动的、安全的本地双向通信服务。LoRaWAN可以简化设备、用户、网络之间的交互，并提供标准。Lora/4G gateway devices can provide low-power, mobile, and secure local two-way communication services for IoT devices. LoRaWAN can simplify the interaction between devices, users, and networks, and provide standards.
本发明基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法，包括采集终端与Lora网关之间的数据加密和Lora网关和远程服务器之间的数据加密。采集终端与Lora网关之间的数据加密采用跳频技术，可以有效地抗击干扰，通过对无线数据进行AES128加密处理实现数据的加密传输。Lora网关和远程服务器之间的数据加密采用安全传输层协议TLS(Transport Layer Security Protocol)，该协议用于在两个通信应用程序之间提供保密性和数据完整性。该协议由两层组成： TLS 记录协议（TLS Record）和 TLS 握手协议（TLSHandshake）。TLS 记录协议提供的连接安全性具有两个基本特性，私有和可靠，采用对称加密。其产生的密钥对每个连接都是唯一的，且此密钥基于另一个协议（如握手协议）协商。信息传输包括使用密钥的MAC进行信息完整性检查。安全哈希功能（ SHA、MD5 等）用于 MAC计算。The invention is based on a Lora spread spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system data encryption method, including data encryption between a collection terminal and a Lora gateway, and data encryption between a Lora gateway and a remote server. The data encryption between the collection terminal and the Lora gateway adopts frequency hopping technology, which can effectively resist interference, and the encrypted transmission of data is realized by performing AES128 encryption processing on wireless data. The data encryption between the Lora gateway and the remote server adopts the secure transport layer protocol TLS (Transport Layer Security Protocol), which is used to provide confidentiality and data integrity between two communication applications. The protocol consists of two layers: TLS Record Protocol (TLS Record) and TLS Handshake Protocol (TLSHandshake). The connection security provided by the TLS record protocol has two basic properties, private and reliable, using symmetric encryption. The key it generates is unique to each connection, and this key is negotiated based on another protocol (such as a handshake protocol). Message transfer includes message integrity checks using the key's MAC. Secure hash functions (SHA, MD5, etc.) are used for MAC calculations.
本发明基于Lora扩频无线长距环境监测系统数据加密方法，能够有效的防止数据丢失，防止恶意渗透，可有效降低光缆故障导致的电网运行风险，提升电网的供电可靠性。The invention is based on the data encryption method of the Lora spread-spectrum wireless long-distance environmental monitoring system, which can effectively prevent data loss and malicious infiltration, effectively reduce the operation risk of the power grid caused by the failure of the optical cable, and improve the power supply reliability of the power grid.
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| CN201711433382.7ACN108183788A (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | Based on Lora spread spectrum radios length away from environmental monitoring system data ciphering method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711433382.7ACN108183788A (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | Based on Lora spread spectrum radios length away from environmental monitoring system data ciphering method |
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| CN108183788Atrue CN108183788A (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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| CN201711433382.7APendingCN108183788A (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | Based on Lora spread spectrum radios length away from environmental monitoring system data ciphering method |
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