技术领域technical field
本发明涉及液滴行为控制领域，具体地说，涉及一种利用多孔吸湿纤维表面的稳定水膜层实现液滴无障碍定向导引的方法。The invention relates to the field of droplet behavior control, in particular to a method for realizing the barrier-free directional guidance of droplets by utilizing a stable water film layer on the surface of a porous hygroscopic fiber.
背景技术Background technique
液滴行为控制，是对液滴的性质或者与液滴接触的表面的性质加以改造，使得液滴可以按照预定的轨道运动的研究。采用液滴行为控制方法，对液滴的运动路径加以控制，可以解决一系列工程实际问题；例如:为解决质子交换膜燃料电池促排水问题提供全新思路，为混合溶液的分离提供全新方法等。Droplet behavior control is the study of modifying the properties of the droplets or the properties of the surfaces in contact with the droplets so that the droplets can move in a predetermined orbit. Using the droplet behavior control method to control the movement path of the droplets can solve a series of practical engineering problems; for example, it provides a new idea for solving the problem of promoting drainage in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and provides a new method for the separation of mixed solutions.
现有的液滴控制方法主要集中在通过电磁场实现对磁流体的控制，在一般液滴的运动控制方面，可实现对液滴小距离的导引。发明专利CN 104345140 A公开了“一种磁流体控制装置及其控制方法”，该装置无法实现对一般液滴进行控制；在专利CN 105833814 A“一种液滴自驱动式微反应器”中主要针对于微反应系统，该装置操作复杂，而且可导引距离有限；专利CN 1588090 A涉及“一种基于表面张力的低压微液滴控制器件”，该微液滴控制器件针对于微流体，且控制条件复杂；在发明专利CN 106053869 A中涉及“一种基于壁面润湿调控的液滴无质量损失的导引方法”，该方法需要液滴导引的环境洁净无较大灰尘。The existing droplet control methods mainly focus on the control of the magnetic fluid through the electromagnetic field. In the aspect of general droplet motion control, the droplet can be guided at a small distance. Invention patent CN 104345140 A discloses "a magnetic fluid control device and its control method", which cannot control general droplets; in patent CN 105833814 A "a droplet self-driven microreactor", it mainly aims at For the micro-reaction system, the operation of the device is complicated and the guiding distance is limited; the patent CN 1588090 A relates to "a low-pressure micro-droplet control device based on surface tension", the micro-droplet control device is aimed at microfluidics, and controls The conditions are complicated; in the invention patent CN 106053869 A, it relates to "a method for guiding liquid droplets without mass loss based on wall surface wetting regulation", which requires that the environment for guiding liquid droplets is clean and free of large dust.
现有的技术文献中给液滴的行为控制提供了很多非常有价值的方法，但也存在不足:如，对液滴性质要求有局限性；部分导引方法的控制系统复杂，不易操作和推广；导引方法对环境要求高。The existing technical literature provides many valuable methods for the behavior control of droplets, but there are also shortcomings: for example, there are limitations on the requirements for the properties of the droplets; the control systems of some guiding methods are complicated, and are not easy to operate and promote. ; The guidance method has high requirements on the environment.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了避免现有技术存在的不足，本发明提出一种基于多孔吸湿纤维的液滴无障碍导引方法。In order to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for unobstructed guidance of droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:基于多孔吸湿纤维的液滴无障碍导引方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤:The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the barrier-free guiding method for droplets based on porous moisture-absorbing fibers, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
步骤1.对材料待处理表面进行清洗，待处理表面为任意形面；Step 1. Clean the surface of the material to be treated, and the surface to be treated is an arbitrary surface;
步骤2.选择多孔纤维材料,并在多孔纤维材料上制成所需轨道路径；Step 2. Select the porous fiber material, and make the desired track path on the porous fiber material;
步骤3.将高纯度吸湿剂溶解水中,制成吸湿饱和水溶液；Step 3. Dissolve the high-purity hygroscopic agent in water to make a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution;
步骤4.将多孔纤维材料制成的轨道放置于吸湿饱和水溶液内，静置6h，使多孔纤维材料完全被溶液浸润，取出多孔纤维材料，烘干；Step 4. Place the track made of the porous fiber material in a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution, let it stand for 6 hours, so that the porous fiber material is completely infiltrated by the solution, take out the porous fiber material, and dry;
步骤5.将轨道路径的多孔纤维材料固定在步骤1所处理的表面上，完成吸湿材料的水膜导引制作；Step 5. Fix the porous fiber material of the track path on the surface treated in step 1, and complete the water film guiding production of the hygroscopic material;
步骤6.在步骤5的轨道上添加液滴，并调节液滴轨道所在的平面与水平面的角度β，β角的取值范围为0～180°；施加外力，调节外力大小使液滴沿表面上的预定导引轨道匀速运动，实现任意方向的导引。Step 6. Add droplets on the track of Step 5, and adjust the angle β between the plane where the droplet track is located and the horizontal plane, the value of the β angle ranges from 0 to 180°; apply an external force and adjust the size of the external force to make the droplets follow the surface. It moves at a constant speed on the predetermined guide track on it to achieve guidance in any direction.
有益效果beneficial effect
本发明提出的一种基于多孔吸湿纤维的液滴无障碍导引方法，采用多孔纤维材料制作导引轨道，多孔纤维材料制成的轨道放置于吸湿饱和水溶液内，静置，使多孔纤维材料完全被溶液浸润，取出多孔纤维材料并烘干；将烘干的多孔纤维弯曲成预定形状后固定在待导引液滴的特定位置处。导引轨道的材料由于吸湿饱和水溶液处理可吸收空气中的水分子，使多孔纤维材料表面长久存在一层厚度为微米级尺度的水膜，使导引轨道的有效时间得以延长。当待导引液滴接触到多孔纤维表面的水膜后，产生强烈的分子间吸引力，使得液滴被牢牢束缚在多孔纤维上，保证液滴不脱轨的空间角度范围大，有效地扩大液滴的可导引场合；且操作便捷、方便推广使用。A method for barrier-free guiding of droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers proposed by the present invention uses porous fibrous materials to make guide rails, and the rails made of porous fibrous materials are placed in a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution, and allowed to stand, so that the porous fibrous materials are completely After being soaked with the solution, the porous fiber material is taken out and dried; the dried porous fiber is bent into a predetermined shape and fixed at the specific position of the liquid droplet to be guided. The material of the guide track can absorb water molecules in the air due to the hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution treatment, so that a layer of water film with a thickness of micrometer scale exists on the surface of the porous fiber material for a long time, so that the effective time of the guide track is prolonged. When the droplet to be guided contacts the water film on the surface of the porous fiber, a strong intermolecular attraction is generated, so that the droplet is firmly bound on the porous fiber, and the spatial angle range of the droplet not to be derailed is large, effectively expanding the The droplet can be guided in the occasion; and the operation is convenient, and it is convenient to popularize and use.
本发明液滴无障碍导引方法对液滴导引表面的形状及粗糙度无特殊要求，可满足任何形状、宽度以及角度的需求。导引线的导引作用明显，导引线所形成的形状可根据需要改变。The barrier-free guiding method for droplets of the present invention has no special requirements on the shape and roughness of the droplet guiding surface, and can meet the requirements of any shape, width and angle. The guiding function of the guide wire is obvious, and the shape formed by the guide wire can be changed as required.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明一种基于多孔吸湿纤维的液滴无障碍导引方法作进一步详细说明。A method for unobstructed guidance of droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1为在二维平面内液滴在导引轨道上运动示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the movement of droplets on the guiding track in a two-dimensional plane.
图2为在三维空间内液滴在导引轨道上运动示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of droplets on the guiding track in three-dimensional space.
图中:In the picture:
1.水滴 2.碳纸 3.导引线 4.甘油溶液滴 5.圆锥体1. Water drop 2. Carbon paper 3. Guide wire 4. Glycerol solution drop 5. Cone
β液滴导引线所在的平面与水平面的夹角The angle between the plane where the β droplet guide line is located and the horizontal plane
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本实施例是一种基于多孔吸湿纤维的液滴无障碍导引方法。This embodiment is an obstacle-free guiding method for droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers.
溶解度相似相溶原理指出，结构相似的物质相互之间易于混溶，结构差异较大的物质难溶。物质的溶解是分子间的作用力，液体内部的分子间作用力决定液体之间溶解度的大小，所以，同一种液体之间绝对相互溶解，意味着溶液内部的分子间的吸引力相较于两种不同溶液绝对最大。所以用水膜导引液滴是较理想的导引方法。The principle of similar solubility states that substances with similar structures are easily miscible with each other, while substances with large differences in structure are insoluble. The dissolution of substances is the intermolecular force, and the intermolecular force inside the liquid determines the solubility between the liquids. Therefore, the absolute mutual dissolution of the same liquid means that the attraction between the molecules in the solution is compared with that of the two. Absolute maximum of different solutions. Therefore, it is an ideal guiding method to guide droplets with water film.
本实施例中，通过将多孔纤维材料在吸湿剂饱和溶液中进行浸泡，浸泡后的多孔纤维材料内部会充满饱和稀释溶液，然后将其取出烘干；将烘干的多孔纤维弯曲成预定形状后固定至待导引液滴的特定位置处。由于吸湿剂的吸湿作用，多孔纤维材料表面会从空气中吸湿水分，一直保持住一层微米级尺度的水膜层。当待导引液滴接触到多孔纤维表面的水膜后，会产生强烈的分子间吸引力，使得液滴被牢牢束缚在多孔纤维上。即使受到其它外力作用，也只能沿多孔纤维方向运动，展示出良好的液滴导引效果。利用多孔纤维的柔软性，可将其在空间上弯折成任意三维形状。因此，利用水膜和液滴之间的强束缚力，既能实现液滴在壁面上的导引，还可以实现液滴在三维空间上的导引。另外，由于吸湿剂出色的吸湿能力，可以保证水膜长久地存在于多孔纤维材料上，故该导引方法可长时间有效。但由于该导引方法本质是液滴的分子间作用力，故可导引的液滴类型仅限于与水的表面张力系数相近的溶液的液滴，水的表面张力系数为0.0732N/m。In this embodiment, by soaking the porous fiber material in a saturated solution of moisture absorbent, the soaked porous fiber material will be filled with saturated diluted solution, and then taken out and dried; after bending the dried porous fiber into a predetermined shape Fixed to the specific position of the droplet to be guided. Due to the hygroscopic effect of the hygroscopic agent, the surface of the porous fiber material will absorb moisture from the air and maintain a micron-scale water film layer all the time. When the droplet to be guided contacts the water film on the surface of the porous fiber, a strong intermolecular attraction will be generated, so that the droplet is firmly bound on the porous fiber. Even under the action of other external forces, it can only move in the direction of the porous fiber, showing a good droplet guiding effect. Taking advantage of the softness of porous fibers, they can be spatially bent into arbitrary three-dimensional shapes. Therefore, by using the strong binding force between the water film and the droplet, the guidance of the droplet on the wall surface and the guidance of the droplet on the three-dimensional space can be realized. In addition, due to the excellent hygroscopic ability of the hygroscopic agent, it can ensure that the water film exists on the porous fiber material for a long time, so the guiding method can be effective for a long time. However, since the guiding method is essentially the intermolecular force of the droplets, the types of droplets that can be guided are limited to droplets of solutions with a surface tension coefficient similar to that of water, which is 0.0732 N/m.
实施例1Example 1
参阅图1，本实施例以质子交换膜燃料电池内的多孔碳纸表面为测试表面，采用氯化锂制作吸湿饱和水溶液，通过调节液滴导引线所在的平面和水平面的夹角β值的方法，实现基于水膜导引线控制的无障碍导引,具体步骤如下:Referring to Figure 1, in this example, the porous carbon paper surface in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is used as the test surface, and lithium chloride is used to make a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution. method to achieve barrier-free guidance based on the control of the water film guide wire, and the specific steps are as follows:
第一步,选择碳纸2，碳纸尺寸为200×200mm，将碳纸表面处理干净，并充分干燥；The first step, select carbon paper 2, the size of carbon paper is 200×200mm, clean the surface of carbon paper, and dry it fully;
第二步,将纯度为99％的吸湿剂氯化锂溶于水中制成吸湿饱和水溶液；In the second step, the hygroscopic agent lithium chloride with a purity of 99% is dissolved in water to make a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution;
第三步,采用直径为1.5mm，长度为500mm的白色棉质线，放置在步骤二所提出的吸湿饱和水溶液内，静置6h，致使棉线完全被溶液浸润，取出烘干；In the third step, a white cotton thread with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 500 mm was used, placed in the hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution proposed in step 2, and allowed to stand for 6 hours, so that the cotton thread was completely soaked by the solution, and then taken out and dried;
第四步,将棉质线粘贴在碳纸表面，则被吸湿剂饱和水溶液处理过的水膜导引线3的导引系统制作完毕；The fourth step is to paste the cotton thread on the surface of the carbon paper, and then the guide system of the water film guide wire 3 processed by the saturated aqueous solution of the hygroscopic agent is completed;
第五步,在导引线3上滴入体积为20μL水滴1，并调节液滴导引线所在的平面与水平面夹角的角度β，使液滴开始在导引线上运动；The fifth step is to drop a volume of 20 μL of water droplet 1 on the guide wire 3, and adjust the angle β of the angle between the plane where the droplet guide wire is located and the horizontal plane, so that the droplet starts to move on the guide wire;
第六步,将液滴导引线所在的平面与水平面的夹角β从0°调节到180°，分别进行试验，测试水膜导引线导引效果的优劣；The sixth step is to adjust the angle β between the plane where the droplet guide line is located and the horizontal plane from 0° to 180°, and conduct tests respectively to test the advantages and disadvantages of the guiding effect of the water film guide line;
第七步，将导引装置放置30天后，再进行步骤六的实验，测试导引装置的持久性。In the seventh step, after placing the guiding device for 30 days, the experiment in step 6 is carried out to test the durability of the guiding device.
本实施例中，利用碳纸表面氯化锂的吸湿特性，以及对水滴具有超强束缚力的导引线，对水滴进行有效地束缚；体积为20μL的水滴沿着弯曲的导引线运动的启动夹角为20°；当液滴导引线所在的平面与水平面的夹角β值大于180°时，水滴仍然能够牢牢地被束缚在导引线上；将导引线放置一个月后，导引线的导引作用依然明显；实验中导引线所形成的形状可根据需要改变。In this embodiment, the hygroscopic properties of lithium chloride on the surface of the carbon paper and the guide wire with super strong binding force to the water droplets are used to effectively bind the water droplets; the water droplets with a volume of 20 μL move along the curved guide wire. The starting angle is 20°; when the angle β between the plane where the droplet guide line is located and the horizontal plane is greater than 180°, the water droplets can still be firmly bound on the guide line; after placing the guide line for one month , the guiding effect of the guide wire is still obvious; the shape formed by the guide wire in the experiment can be changed as needed.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例中,以聚苯乙烯材料制成圆锥体模型,制作三维空间螺旋导引轨道，采用氯化锂制作吸湿饱和水溶液浸泡处理，给出表面张力系数与水相近的10％的甘油溶液滴,实现甘油溶液滴在空间螺旋水膜导引线控制的无障碍导引,具体步骤如下:In this example, a cone model is made of polystyrene material, a three-dimensional space spiral guide track is made, and lithium chloride is used to make a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution for immersion treatment, and a 10% glycerin solution droplet with a surface tension coefficient similar to that of water is given. , to realize the barrier-free guidance of the glycerin solution dripping on the space spiral water film guide wire, the specific steps are as follows:
第一步,选择聚苯乙烯材料制成圆锥体，底座直径为200mm，高度为200mm，将表面处理干净，并充分干燥；The first step, choose polystyrene material to make a cone, the diameter of the base is 200mm, the height is 200mm, the surface is cleaned and fully dried;
第二步,将纯度为99％的吸湿剂氯化锂溶于水中制成吸湿饱和水溶液；In the second step, the hygroscopic agent lithium chloride with a purity of 99% is dissolved in water to make a hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution;
第三步,采用直径为1.5mm，长度为300mm的白色棉质线，放置在步骤二所提出的吸湿饱和水溶液内，静置6h，致使棉线完全被溶液浸润，取出烘干；In the third step, a white cotton thread with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 300 mm was used, placed in the hygroscopic saturated aqueous solution proposed in step 2, and allowed to stand for 6 hours, so that the cotton thread was completely soaked by the solution, and then taken out and dried;
第四步,将棉质线粘贴在圆锥体表面，则被吸湿剂饱和水溶液处理过的水膜导引线的导引系统制作完毕；The fourth step is to paste the cotton thread on the surface of the cone, then the guide system of the water film guide wire treated with the saturated aqueous solution of the hygroscopic agent is completed;
第五步,在导引线的顶端上滴入体积为20μL的10％的甘油溶液滴，甘油溶液滴在重力作用下沿着导引线向下运动；In the fifth step, drop a 10% glycerin solution with a volume of 20 μL on the top of the guide wire, and the glycerol solution droplets move down along the guide wire under the action of gravity;
第六步,将导引装置放置30天后，再进行步骤五的实验，测试导引装置的持久。Step 6: After placing the guiding device for 30 days, carry out the experiment of step 5 to test the durability of the guiding device.
本实施例中，在聚苯乙烯材料制成的圆锥体表面，利用氯化锂的吸湿特性，以及对液滴具有超强束缚力的导引线，对液滴束缚并使得液滴在空间被导引；将导引线放置30天后，导引线的导引作用明显；实验中导引线所形成的形状可根据需要改变。In this embodiment, on the surface of the cone made of polystyrene material, the hygroscopic properties of lithium chloride and the guide wire with super strong binding force to the droplets are used to bind the droplets and make the droplets trapped in the space. Guiding; after placing the guide wire for 30 days, the guiding effect of the guide wire is obvious; the shape formed by the guide wire in the experiment can be changed as required.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711263687.8ACN108167281B (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | A method for barrier-free guidance of droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers |
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| CN201711263687.8ACN108167281B (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | A method for barrier-free guidance of droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers |
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| CN108167281Btrue CN108167281B (en) | 2019-07-19 |
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| CN201711263687.8AActiveCN108167281B (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | A method for barrier-free guidance of droplets based on porous hygroscopic fibers |
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