技术领域technical field
本发明涉及黄疸检测技术领域，尤其是一种成人黄疸测定装置及其检测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of jaundice detection, in particular to an adult jaundice measurement device and a detection method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
黄疸是常见症状与体征，其发生是由于胆红素代谢障碍而引起血清内胆红素浓度升高所致。临床上表现为巩膜、黏膜、皮肤及其他组织被染成黄色。因巩膜含有较多的弹性硬蛋白，与胆红素有较强的亲和力，故黄疸患者巩膜黄染常先于黏膜、皮肤而首先被察觉。当血清总胆红素在17.1～34.2μmol/L，而肉眼看不出黄疸时，称隐性黄疸或亚临床黄疸；当血清总胆红素浓度超过34.2μmol/L时，临床上即可发现黄疸，也称为显性黄疸。Jaundice is a common symptom and sign, and its occurrence is caused by the increase of serum bilirubin concentration due to bilirubin metabolism disorder. Clinically, the sclera, mucous membranes, skin and other tissues are stained yellow. Because the sclera contains more elastin and has a strong affinity with bilirubin, yellow staining of the sclera in patients with jaundice is often noticed before the mucous membrane and skin. When the serum total bilirubin is 17.1-34.2 μmol/L, but no jaundice is visible to the naked eye, it is called recessive jaundice or subclinical jaundice; when the serum total bilirubin concentration exceeds 34.2 μmol/L, it can be detected clinically Jaundice, also known as overt jaundice.
新生儿黄疸是新生儿期常见疾病，尤其多见于早产儿，是指新生儿出现黏膜、巩膜、皮肤黄染的临床症状，其发病原因主要为新生儿的血脑屏障在出生时发育不够完善，如果黄疸指数过高且治疗不够及时的话会给新生儿的智力发育带来很大的影响，严重患儿可导致胆红素脑病，从而对患儿大脑造成不可逆的损伤，后果严重。因此，对新生儿黄疸的预防和治疗应给予足够的重视。蓝光照射治疗一直以来是临床上认可的治疗早产儿黄疸最有效的治愈方法之一。Neonatal jaundice is a common disease in the neonatal period, especially in premature infants. It refers to the clinical symptoms of yellow staining of the mucous membrane, sclera, and skin in newborns. The main cause of the disease is that the blood-brain barrier of newborns is not fully developed at birth. If the jaundice index is too high and the treatment is not timely enough, it will have a great impact on the intellectual development of newborns. Severe cases can lead to bilirubin encephalopathy, which will cause irreversible damage to the brain of the children, with serious consequences. Therefore, adequate attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of neonatal jaundice. Blue light irradiation therapy has been clinically recognized as one of the most effective curative methods for the treatment of jaundice in premature infants.
蓝光治疗(波长420～470nm的光照射)，是临床上新生儿黄疸的首要治疗方法，能使患儿体内的间接胆红素转变为无毒的水溶性衍生物，从而降低患儿体内的血清胆红素含量，防止胆红素脑病的发生。目前蓝光照射治疗方法临床上常采用两种：间歇蓝光照射与持续蓝光照射方式。现有的新生儿黄疸测定仪是利用蓝色光波(450mm)和绿色光波(550nm)之间的光波差，来测定沉淀于初生婴儿皮肤组织内胆红素的浓度。黄疸测定仪探头有两个光波，使用这种方式可测定出在黑色素和皮肤成熟期影响下新生儿皮肤组织内胆红素的浓度最小值。此点是传统方式不是能达到的。将探头置于婴儿前额头或胸骨部位并启动电源后，氙光管发出的光线经玻璃纤维导引到皮肤表面，并直射皮下。在皮肤上的光波反复分散与吸收，最终回到玻璃纤维。返回到玻璃纤维的光部分经纤维内芯分散在表层皮肤组织内(短光波)，另部分光外芯(长光波)深入到皮肤组织内，并达到皮肤组织内，并到达相应的光电二极管。通过计算光密度的差异，表皮和真皮之间共同的光波将被扣除。得到的仅是皮肤组织内两波长区间的光密度差。光波密度的差异显示出相联的血清胆红素，显示器上的读数为血清胆红素浓度值。Blue light therapy (light irradiation with a wavelength of 420-470nm) is the primary treatment method for neonatal jaundice in clinical practice. Bilirubin content, to prevent the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy. Currently, two methods of blue light irradiation are commonly used clinically: intermittent blue light irradiation and continuous blue light irradiation. The existing neonatal jaundice measuring instrument utilizes the light wave difference between the blue light wave (450mm) and the green light wave (550nm) to measure the concentration of bilirubin deposited in the skin tissue of newborn babies. The probe of the jaundice measuring instrument has two light waves, which can be used to determine the minimum concentration of bilirubin in the skin tissue of newborns under the influence of melanin and skin maturation. This point is that the traditional way cannot be achieved. After the probe is placed on the baby's forehead or sternum and the power is turned on, the light emitted by the xenon light tube is guided to the surface of the skin through the glass fiber and directly shines under the skin. The light waves on the skin are repeatedly dispersed and absorbed, and finally return to the glass fiber. The part of the light returning to the glass fiber is dispersed in the superficial skin tissue (short light wave) through the inner core of the fiber, and the other part of the light outer core (long light wave) penetrates deep into the skin tissue, reaches the skin tissue, and reaches the corresponding photodiode. By calculating the difference in optical density, the common light waves between the epidermis and dermis are subtracted. What is obtained is only the optical density difference between the two wavelength intervals in the skin tissue. The difference in optical wave density shows the associated serum bilirubin, and the reading on the display is the serum bilirubin concentration value.
而对于成人黄疸患者，由于成人的皮肤较厚，长波光并不能全部深入到皮肤组织内，对光的吸收不完全，从而影响测量结果的准确性。因此，成人黄疸的检测，医院一般通过对血清、尿液、肝功能的检查，检测其中胆红素的含量。但这种检测方法由于需要抽血检查，对人体损害较大。For adult patients with jaundice, due to the thicker skin of adults, the long-wave light cannot fully penetrate into the skin tissue, and the absorption of light is not complete, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, for the detection of adult jaundice, hospitals generally detect the content of bilirubin through serum, urine, and liver function tests. However, this detection method is relatively harmful to the human body due to the need for blood tests.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种成人用无创黄疸测定仪。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a non-invasive jaundice measuring instrument for adults.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：成人黄疸测定装置，包括测定仪本体，设置在测定仪本体内的光源、测试探头、控制单元，还包括设置在测定仪本体外表面上的显示器，光源、测试探头、显示器并联在控制单元上，在测定仪本体的测试探头的一端设置有接触眼角膜的角膜镜，角膜镜直接检测巩膜，使检测结果更精确，使检测光经过角膜镜折射后可以更大范围的检测巩膜，使检测更精确，角膜镜外表面设置有遮光层，遮光层防止光线外泄对检测人员造成伤害。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: adult jaundice measuring device, including measuring instrument body, light source, test probe, control unit arranged in the measuring instrument body, also includes a display arranged on the outer surface of the measuring instrument body, light source, test The probe and the display are connected in parallel to the control unit, and a corneal lens that touches the cornea is installed at one end of the test probe of the main body of the measuring instrument. The corneal lens directly detects the sclera to make the detection result more accurate, and the detection light can be larger after being refracted by the corneal lens. The scope of detection of sclera makes the detection more accurate. The outer surface of the corneal mirror is equipped with a light-shielding layer, which prevents light from leaking out and causing damage to the testing personnel.
进一步地，角膜镜曲率半径较小的一面连接测试探头，保证可以调节眼睛的屈光度。Furthermore, the test probe is connected to the side with the smaller curvature radius of the corneal lens to ensure that the diopter of the eye can be adjusted.
进一步地，遮光层由反光树脂制成。Further, the light-shielding layer is made of reflective resin.
黄疸检测方法，包括以下步骤：(a)将角膜镜接触患者的眼睛；(b)打开电源，光源透过角膜镜照射到眼角膜上，角膜镜用于调节眼睛的屈光度；(c)控制单元的采集模块采集光源发射的光线并将其转换成电信号；(d)电信号经控制单元的处理模块处理得到胆红素浓度信息通过显示器显示。The method for detecting jaundice comprises the following steps: (a) touching the corneal lens to the patient's eyes; (b) turning on the power supply, the light source is irradiated on the cornea through the corneal lens, and the corneal lens is used to adjust the diopter of the eye; (c) the control unit The acquisition module collects the light emitted by the light source and converts it into an electrical signal; (d) the electrical signal is processed by the processing module of the control unit to obtain the bilirubin concentration information and display it on the display.
进一步地，光源包括并联在控制单元上的短波光光源和长波光光源，根据检测到的短波光、长波光的光密度差计算得到胆红素浓度。本发明的有益效果是：Further, the light source includes a short-wave light source and a long-wave light source connected in parallel to the control unit, and the bilirubin concentration is calculated according to the detected optical density difference between the short-wave light and the long-wave light. The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)在测定仪本体的测试探头的一端设置有接触眼角膜的角膜镜，角膜镜直接检测巩膜，使检测结果更精确，使检测光经过角膜镜折射后可以更大范围的检测巩膜，使检测更精确，且操作简便，成本低。(1) A corneal lens contacting the cornea is arranged at one end of the test probe of the measuring instrument body, and the corneal lens directly detects the sclera to make the detection result more accurate, so that the detection light can detect the sclera in a wider range after being refracted by the corneal lens, so that The detection is more accurate, and the operation is simple and the cost is low.
(2)角膜镜外表面设置有遮光层，遮光层防止光线外泄对检测人员造成伤害。(2) The outer surface of the corneal mirror is provided with a light-shielding layer, which prevents the leakage of light from causing damage to the testing personnel.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图中标记为：1-测定仪本体，2-测试探头，3-显示器，4-角膜镜，5-遮光层。The marks in the figure are: 1-measurement instrument body, 2-test probe, 3-display, 4-corneal lens, 5-shading layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，本发明的成人黄疸测定装置，包括测定仪本体1，设置在测定仪本体1内的光源、测试探头2、控制单元，光源包括并联的短波光光源和长波光光源，还包括设置在测定仪本体1外表面上的显示器3，光源、测试探头2、显示器3并联在控制单元上，在测定仪本体1的测试探头2的一端设置有接触眼角膜的角膜镜4，将角膜镜4曲率半径较小的一面连接测试探头2，角膜镜4的横截面积应该使角膜镜4能够覆盖眼睛，角膜镜4外表面设置有遮光层5，遮光层5由反光树脂制成，为了进一步加强遮光效果，可以在制成的遮光层表面再涂覆一层石墨，反光树脂可以选择PMMA、PHEMA、PMMA与NVP共聚物、HEMA与MAA共聚物、IPN、聚氨酯水凝胶、硅水凝胶或氟聚合物中的一种，具体的可以在背景技术所述的黄疸测定仪的测试探头上加设角膜镜、遮光层，短波光光源和长波光光源分别是绿色光波(550nm)、蓝色光波(450mm)。As shown in Figure 1, the adult jaundice measuring device of the present invention comprises a measuring instrument body 1, a light source arranged in the measuring instrument body 1, a test probe 2, a control unit, the light source comprises a parallel short-wave light source and a long-wave light source, and also It includes a display 3 arranged on the outer surface of the measuring instrument body 1, the light source, the test probe 2, and the display 3 are connected in parallel on the control unit, and one end of the test probe 2 of the measuring instrument body 1 is provided with a corneal lens 4 that contacts the cornea. The side of the corneal mirror 4 with a smaller radius of curvature is connected to the test probe 2. The cross-sectional area of the corneal mirror 4 should enable the corneal mirror 4 to cover the eyes. The outer surface of the corneal mirror 4 is provided with a light-shielding layer 5, and the light-shielding layer 5 is made of reflective resin. In order to further enhance the shading effect, a layer of graphite can be coated on the surface of the shading layer. The reflective resin can be PMMA, PHEMA, PMMA and NVP copolymer, HEMA and MAA copolymer, IPN, polyurethane hydrogel, silicon water A kind of in gel or fluoropolymer, concretely can add corneal mirror, light-shielding layer on the test probe of the jaundice measuring instrument described in the background technology, short-wave light source and long-wave light source are respectively green light wave (550nm), Blue light wave (450mm).
具体测定时，(a)首先将角膜镜4接触患者的眼睛；(b)打开电源，长波光光源及短光波光源透过角膜镜4照射到眼角膜上，短波光分散在角膜表层组织，长光波深入到角膜组织内，光源经过角膜镜4后可以更大范围地照射到眼角膜；(c)相应的采集模块收到光信号后反馈给控制单元，控制单元的处理模块将其转换成电信号；(d)控制单元的处理模块根据检测到的短波光、长波光的光密度差计算处理得到胆红素浓度信息并通过显示器3显示。During concrete measurement, (a) at first corneal mirror 4 contacts the patient's eye; (b) turn on power supply, long-wave light source and short-wave light source are irradiated on the cornea through corneal mirror 4, and short-wave light is dispersed in corneal superficial tissue, long-wave The light wave goes deep into the corneal tissue, and the light source can irradiate the cornea in a wider range after passing through the corneal mirror 4; (c) the corresponding acquisition module receives the light signal and feeds it back to the control unit, and the processing module of the control unit converts it into electrical Signal; (d) The processing module of the control unit calculates and processes the bilirubin concentration information according to the detected optical density difference between the short-wave light and long-wave light and displays it through the display 3 .
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711456125.5ACN108078544A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Jaundice measurement device of being grown up and its detection method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711456125.5ACN108078544A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Jaundice measurement device of being grown up and its detection method |
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| CN108078544Atrue CN108078544A (en) | 2018-05-29 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711456125.5APendingCN108078544A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Jaundice measurement device of being grown up and its detection method |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108078544A (en) |
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