Adjustable artificial blood vessel with hemorrhage preventing functionTechnical Field
The invention is general is related to (a) the field of vascular prostheses. And more particularly to an adjustable vascular prosthesis having an anti-bleeding function.
Background
In the clinical artificial large blood vessel replacement operation, after the natural blood vessel and the artificial blood vessel are anastomosed, the problem of blood leakage of a pinhole of an anastomotic stoma often exists due to the pressure effect of blood flow in the blood vessel, which is also a main cause of postoperative concurrent death. In particular, intraoperative hemostasis is a biggest problem for cardiac surgeons. Several hemostatic methods currently employed by doctors are: the hemostatic agent is used for stopping bleeding, and gauze is used for stopping bleeding by pressing the anastomotic stoma, or a section of pericardial tissue or a section of artificial vascular material is used for covering the anastomotic stoma by circular suturing to play a role in stopping bleeding by pressing. The various methods described above may ultimately be effective but time consuming and ineffective. In the above methods, the effect of wrapping the anastomotic stoma with the pericardial patch or the artificial vascular patch is relatively good, but the patch is free and can not be fixed at the anastomotic stoma, so that the patch can easily slip off from the original position, and the anastomotic stoma is exposed and bleeding continues.
Thus, there is a need for a more efficient and easy to implement way to avoid the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved artificial blood vessel, so that the anastomotic stoma is free from blood leakage after a replacement operation, and the artificial blood vessel can be suitable for various occasions of adjusting the length or the bending radian according to the situation after implantation.
To this end, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adjustable vascular prosthesis having an anti-bleeding function, the vascular prosthesis comprising: an inner tube elastically stretchable and constituting a blood flow passage of the artificial blood vessel; and the outer layer pipe is coaxially nested on the outer wall of the inner layer pipe and is connected with the outer wall of the inner layer pipe through circumferential connection points which are spaced along the length direction of the inner layer pipe so as to form a discontinuous multi-section double-layer structure.
The present invention may further include any one or more of the following preferred forms according to the above technical idea.
In certain preferred forms, the outer tube comprises a plurality of segmented outer tubes distributed along the length of the inner tube.
In certain preferred forms, the outer tube is made of a different resilient material than the inner tube.
In certain preferred forms, the outer tube has a lower elasticity than the inner tube.
In certain preferred forms, the outer wall of the inner tube is configured to be corrugated in a length direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for using the above-mentioned adjustable artificial blood vessel having a bleeding preventing function, wherein the method comprises: one or more outer layers are annularly cut to change the length or tortuosity of the vascular prosthesis.
In certain preferred forms, the outer tube is cut circumferentially around its entire circumference, and the inner tube is stretched to extend the length of the vascular prosthesis.
In some preferred forms, the outer tube is cut circumferentially around the entire circumference, the inner tube is compressed, and the cut outer tube edges are tightly connected to each other, thereby shortening the length of the vascular prosthesis.
In some preferred forms, the outer layer tube is cut at half or part of the tube wall, and the inner layer tube is bent and stretched, so that the bending degree of the artificial blood vessel is adjusted.
In some preferred forms, the inner tube is cut circumferentially around the wall thereof, and the outer tube is cut circumferentially around the outer tube at a position extending beyond the cross section of the inner tube, so that after the inner tube is anastomosed with the natural vessel, the wall of the free outer tube can be tightly stitched over the anastomotic orifice by the loop Zhou Su to prevent bleeding.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for manufacturing an adjustable artificial blood vessel having a bleeding preventing function, the artificial blood vessel including an inner tube elastically stretchable and constituting a blood flow passage of the artificial blood vessel, and an outer tube coaxially nested on an outer wall of the inner tube, wherein the method comprises: arranging spaced apart circumferential connection points along the length of the inner tube; and connecting the outer walls of the outer and inner tubes to each other through the circumferential connection point.
In certain preferred forms, the inner tube is made of dacron or polytetrafluoroethylene.
In certain preferred forms, the inner tube comprises a wire or memory alloy material.
In certain preferred forms, the outer tube is made of a material having a lower elasticity than the inner tube.
In certain preferred forms, the joining of the outer tube to the inner tube comprises bonding with an adhesive, suturing with a suture, or physical fusion by high temperature and pressure.
The invention provides an improved artificial blood vessel, wherein the inner layer tube is continuous and uniform and has elasticity and stretchability; the outer layer tube has lower elasticity and forms a multi-section double-layer structure with the inner layer tube, so that the outer layer tube can be cut in different ways according to actual needs to realize the effect of limiting the extension and shortening of the inner layer tube or preventing blood leakage of the anastomotic stoma after bending and operation, and the invention is suitable for various replacement operation occasions.
Drawings
The invention will be better understood from the following description of specific embodiments, which are listed by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an artificial blood vessel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the application of an artificial blood vessel according to the present invention to a natural blood vessel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a section of outer tube cut circumferentially around the circumference to stretch the inner tube;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the cut outer layer tube of FIG. 4 with its edges tightly sewn to each other to shorten the length of the artificial blood vessel; and
FIG. 6 is a section of outer tube half-round or partial schematic drawing of cut-away to bend and stretch the inner tube.
Detailed Description
The making and using of the embodiments are discussed in detail below. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating specific ways of making and using the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring first to fig. 1, 2A and 2B, an adjustable vascular prosthesis with hemorrhage prevention according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The artificial blood vessel comprises an elastic telescopic inner tube 1 which forms a blood flow passage of the artificial blood vessel, and an outer tube 2 which is coaxially nested on the outer wall of the inner tube 1. According to the invention, spaced apart circumferential connection points 3 are arranged along the length of the inner tube 1. In certain embodiments, the circumferential connection points 3 are arranged at even intervals so as to form a discontinuous multi-segment double-layer structure after connecting the outer layer tube with the outer wall of the inner layer tube, i.e. the outer layer tube is separated from the inner layer tube in segments. In some embodiments, the outer tube 2 may further comprise a plurality of segmented outer tubes distributed along the length of the inner tube 1, the circumferential connection points 3 being arranged such that the plurality of segmented outer tubes are spaced apart at uniform predetermined intervals to form a discontinuous multi-segmented double layer structure, as shown in fig. 1. In this embodiment, the artificial blood vessel includes a double layer structure formed of the inner layer tube 1 and the outer layer tube 2 at the section A-A shown in fig. 2A, whereas the artificial blood vessel includes only the inner layer tube 1 at the section B-B shown in fig. 2B.
According to the present invention, the inner tube 1 may be made of the same material and structure as those of the artificial blood vessel products existing in the market, to be used as a blood flow channel. Preferably, the inner tube 1 is made of a medical vascular material with high elasticity, such as an artificial vascular material of terylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like, so that the length of the blood vessel can be prolonged by pulling the blood vessel axially outwards, and the length of the blood vessel can be shortened by pushing the blood vessel axially inwards. The outer tube 2 is made of a different elastic material from the inner tube 1, preferably a medical vascular material having a smaller elasticity. In certain preferred embodiments, the inner tube 1 may also comprise a wire or memory alloy material, so that the shape may be fixed. According to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the outer wall of the inner tube may also be provided with folds in the length direction to facilitate stretching and compression of the inner tube when adjusting the vessel length.
By the mode, the inner tube of the artificial blood vessel has no difference with the common artificial blood vessel, and plays a role of a blood flow channel, and the outer tube can be annularly cut according to actual needs to change the length of the artificial blood vessel, so that the special artificial blood vessel with a double-layer structure can be applied to clinic, and at least the following functions can be realized:
1. after the inner tube 1 is anastomosed with the natural vessel 5 (end-to-end) at the time of vascular prosthesis implantation, the walls 2a, 2b of the free outer tube 2 extending beyond the cross-sectional position of the inner tube 1 at the vascular prosthesis port can be tightened, for example, by a suture ring Zhou Fengge, to naturally cover the anastomotic orifice which has been sutured by the suture thread 4, preventing blood leakage and bleeding from the anastomotic orifice, as shown in fig. 3;
2. after the inner tube 1 is anastomosed with the natural blood vessel when the artificial blood vessel is transplanted, if the transplanted blood vessel length is not ideal (frequently occurs), for example, the transplanted artificial blood vessel is too short, the outer tube 2 can be annularly (transversely) cut at the whole circumference (360 degrees), and the inner tube 1 is stretched, as shown in fig. 4, so that the blood vessel length is prolonged;
3. after the inner tube 1 is anastomosed with a natural vessel when an artificial blood vessel is transplanted, if the transplanted vessel length is too long, the inner tube 1 may be compressed after the outer tube 2 is annularly cut all around, and edges of the cut tube walls 2a, 2b of the outer tube 2 are tightly sutured, for example, by a suture thread 4, as shown in fig. 5, thereby achieving a shortened vessel length;
4. after the inner tube 1 is anastomosed with the natural blood vessel during the artificial blood vessel transplantation, if the curvature/angle/curvature of the transplanted blood vessel is not ideal, the half circumference or part of the wall of the outer tube 2 can be transversely cut, as shown in fig. 6, at this time, the inner tube 1 can be bent and stretched, thereby adjusting the curvature of the artificial blood vessel.
It should be understood that the connection between the outer tube 2 and the inner tube 1 is not limited to suture, but may be bonded by using an adhesive, or by high-temperature and high-pressure physical fusion, etc.
The invention provides an artificial blood vessel with an outer layer tube and an inner layer tube, wherein the outer layer tube and the inner layer tube for a blood flow channel form a multi-section double-layer structure, and the special structure of the outer layer tube can be covered and wrapped on an anastomotic orifice to achieve a disposable hemostatic effect. In addition, the length of the blood vessel can be lengthened or shortened by circumferentially cutting or constricting one or more outer layers. The outer tube may also be cut through half-cycles or portions to adjust the tortuosity of the vessel. Thus, the vascular prosthesis of the present invention can be adapted for a variety of applications.
While the basic principles, principal features and technical features of the present invention have been disclosed and described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the above disclosed technical features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but fall within the scope of the present invention. The above description of embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.