CN108011121B - Microbial electrochemical system comprising air cathode with complete immersion operation - Google Patents

Abstract

A microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with a fully submerged operation relates to a microbial electrochemical system. The air cathode can not obtain sufficient oxygen and bear water pressure, the air cathode is deformed, and the adverse environment influences the normal operation of the microbial fuel cell. The system consists of a flat plate closed air cathode module and an anode; the anodes are arranged on one side or two sides of the flat plate closed air cathode module in parallel; or consists of a cylindrical closed air cathode module and a tubular anode; the tubular anode is sleeved outside the cylindrical sealed air cathode module. The invention can obtain sufficient oxygen supply so as to obtain higher electricity production performance, solves the water pressure problem and reoxygenation problem in the microbial fuel cell system, and avoids the influence of atmospheric environment because the air cathode is operated in a complete immersion way.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统A microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with fully submerged operation

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种微生物电化学系统。The present invention relates to a microbial electrochemical system.

背景技术Background technique

随着经济的快速发展，大量的污染物进入到环境水体中，造成了严重的水环境污染问题。我国是污水排放大国，且排放总量还在不断攀升，据2014年公布的2013年全国环境统计公报的统计数据显示，我国污(废)水年排放量已超过695.4亿吨，其中化学需氧量含有有机污染物的污水的排放量为2352.7万吨。面对严峻的水环境形势，国家不断加大治理力度，制定了更为严格的排放和减排标准，但随之带来的水处理能耗及成本不断上升，使得本以属于高能耗的水处理行业面临新的挑战。With the rapid economic development, a large number of pollutants enter the environmental water, causing serious water pollution problems. my country is a big country of sewage discharge, and the total discharge is still rising. According to the statistical data of the 2013 National Environmental Statistical Bulletin published in 2014, the annual discharge of sewage (waste) in my country has exceeded 69.54 billion tons, of which chemical oxygen demand The discharge of sewage containing organic pollutants was 23.527 million tons. In the face of the severe water environment situation, the state has continuously strengthened its governance and formulated stricter discharge and emission reduction standards. However, the energy consumption and cost of water treatment have continued to rise. The processing industry faces new challenges.

然而，废水其实是一种优质的能源和资源，废水中所蕴含的潜能和化学能是处理污水能耗的近10倍。目前，全球每日产生的污水潜能相当于1亿吨标准燃油的能量，如能实现废水污染物去除、同步资源化、能源化发展，可为社会节约10％的电能消耗。因此，污水能源化自供给系统的开发逐渐受到全世界范围内的广泛关注和重视。从目前的国际发展趋势来看，污水处理厂的功能正在从单纯的污染物削减，转变为资源、能源工厂，同时，相关的政策、标准、技术、实践等也正在进行着广泛而深刻的变革，以污水处理过程新概念新工艺为核心的“提效改造”已经势在必行成为重中之重。However, wastewater is actually a high-quality energy and resource, and the potential and chemical energy contained in wastewater is nearly 10 times the energy consumption of wastewater treatment. At present, the potential of sewage generated every day in the world is equivalent to the energy of 100 million tons of standard fuel oil. If wastewater pollutant removal, simultaneous resource utilization and energy-based development can be realized, 10% of electricity consumption can be saved for the society. Therefore, the development of the self-supply system of sewage energy has gradually attracted extensive attention and attention all over the world. Judging from the current international development trend, the function of sewage treatment plants is changing from pure pollutant reduction to resource and energy plants. At the same time, relevant policies, standards, technologies, practices, etc. are also undergoing extensive and profound changes , the "efficiency improvement transformation" centered on the new concept and new technology of the sewage treatment process has become imperative and has become the top priority.

生物电化学系统，即微生物燃料电池技术，是能直接利用微生物的催化作用将有机物中的化学能直接转化成电能的装置，因其具有产生清洁能源电能、高效降解有机污染物等诸多优点，在能源、环境及废水处理领域受到了广泛的关注。同时在水处理领域，该技术彻底改变了水处理的模式，从根本上解决了剩余污泥这一国际难题，属于水处理领域的颠覆性技术并受到高度重视。Bioelectrochemical system, namely microbial fuel cell technology, is a device that can directly convert chemical energy in organic matter into electrical energy by directly utilizing the catalysis of microorganisms. The fields of energy, environment and wastewater treatment have received extensive attention. At the same time, in the field of water treatment, this technology has completely changed the mode of water treatment and fundamentally solved the international problem of excess sludge. It is a disruptive technology in the field of water treatment and is highly valued.

在微生物燃料电池系统中，空气阴极由于具有更高的电流密度和能实现更紧凑的堆栈形式被广泛应用。在空气阴极微生物燃料电池的系统中，阳极微生物从废水中的有机或无机物质中获取电子，并将电子经过阳极极板和外电路传递到阴极催化层。从阴极扩散层进入的氧气作为电子受体在催化层发生氧还原反应。阴极的氧还原速率一般认为是微生物燃料电池系统的限速步骤。在实际应用系统中，单位体积的空间内能安装的空气阴极的面积被认为直接影响电池系统最终的水处理效率和产电效率。In microbial fuel cell systems, air cathodes are widely used due to their higher current density and more compact stack form. In the air cathode microbial fuel cell system, anode microorganisms obtain electrons from organic or inorganic substances in wastewater, and transfer electrons to the cathode catalytic layer through the anode plate and external circuit. The oxygen entering from the cathode diffusion layer acts as an electron acceptor and undergoes an oxygen reduction reaction in the catalytic layer. The oxygen reduction rate of the cathode is generally considered to be the rate-limiting step in a microbial fuel cell system. In practical application systems, the area of the air cathode that can be installed in a unit volume of space is considered to directly affect the final water treatment efficiency and power generation efficiency of the battery system.

其中空气阴极的承压能力和富氧速率是该技术实际应用的挑战之一。空气阴极微生物电化学系统中，阴极需要分割气、水两相并需要在较高的水压下承压工作；并且为保证微生物电化学系统的体积电流和功率密度，空气阴极需要尽量减少间距从而增大微生物电化学系统中阴极的填充面积。因此这种要求下，相邻的空气阴极可能因为间距过小无法获得充足的氧气。为提高阴极的比表面积，密集堆栈的组合形式被研究者广泛采用。密集堆栈的组合形式即为在系统中构建有多个模块，而各模块之间紧密毗邻并减小间距以提高空间的利用效率。密集堆栈的电池系统可以获得更高的功率密度输出，但在实际应用中仍然面临着各项挑战。在面向应用的系统中。在此条件下，空气阴极需要承受最高可达相当于一米或数米深度的水压作用。而在此作用下空气阴极将不可避免的发生变形并因此影响阴极的性能。以此同时，各模块之间狭小的间距也成为从空气中获得氧气的障碍。相反，如果各模块之间采用较大的毗邻阴极间距则需要以牺牲电池系统中阴极比表面积和电池系统的体积功率为代价。同时污水处理构筑物中恶劣的运行环境和降温降水沙尘等周围环境变化也对直接暴露在大气环境中的空气阴极的运行造成不利影响。截至目前为止针对这些技术难题，尚无在微生物燃料电池系统中获得解决的报道。并且空气阴极暴露在大气环境中还会使空气阴极表面潮湿、淋水、积尘、老化或附着污染物，影响微生物燃料电池的正常运行。Among them, the pressure bearing capacity and oxygen enrichment rate of the air cathode are one of the challenges for the practical application of this technology. In the air cathode microbial electrochemical system, the cathode needs to be separated into two phases, gas and water, and needs to work under high water pressure; Increase the filling area of the cathode in the microbial electrochemical system. Therefore, under this requirement, the adjacent air cathodes may not be able to obtain sufficient oxygen because the spacing is too small. In order to increase the specific surface area of the cathode, the combination of dense stacks is widely used by researchers. The combination of dense stacking is to build multiple modules in the system, and the modules are closely adjacent to each other and reduce the spacing to improve the efficiency of space utilization. Densely stacked battery systems can achieve higher power density output, but still face various challenges in practical applications. in application-oriented systems. Under these conditions, the air cathode needs to withstand water pressure up to a depth equivalent to a meter or several meters. Under this action, the air cathode will inevitably deform and thus affect the performance of the cathode. At the same time, the narrow spacing between the modules also becomes an obstacle to obtaining oxygen from the air. Conversely, if a larger adjacent cathode spacing is used between modules, it will be at the expense of the specific surface area of the cathode in the battery system and the volumetric power of the battery system. At the same time, the harsh operating environment in the sewage treatment structure and changes in the surrounding environment such as cooling, precipitation, sand and dust also adversely affect the operation of the air cathode directly exposed to the atmospheric environment. Up to now, there is no report on solving these technical problems in the microbial fuel cell system. In addition, the exposure of the air cathode to the atmospheric environment will also make the surface of the air cathode wet, splashed with water, dust, aging or adhered to pollutants, which affects the normal operation of the microbial fuel cell.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明为了解决现有密集堆栈的组合形式的微生物电化学系统中，为了实现增大微生物电化学系统中空气阴极的填充面积而缩小了系统中模块之间的间距，进而导致的空气阴极无法获得充足的氧气的问题，以及现有的空气阴极无法承受水压，进而导致空气阴极变形的问题，恶劣环境影响微生物燃料电池的正常运行的问题，提出了包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统。In order to solve the problem that in the existing microbial electrochemical system in the form of a combination of dense stacks, in order to increase the filling area of the air cathode in the microbial electrochemical system, the distance between the modules in the system is reduced, and the resulting air cathode cannot be obtained. The problem of sufficient oxygen, and the inability of existing air cathodes to withstand water pressure, which in turn leads to deformation of the air cathodes, and the problem of harsh environments affecting the normal operation of microbial fuel cells, proposed a microbial battery with fully submerged operating air cathodes. chemical system.

本发明包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统，该系统由平板密闭空气阴极模块和阳极构成；阳极平行设置于平板密闭空气阴极模块的一侧或两侧；The present invention includes a microbial electrochemical system with a fully submerged operating air cathode, the system is composed of a flat plate closed air cathode module and an anode; the anode is arranged in parallel on one side or both sides of the flat plate closed air cathode module;

所述平板密闭空气阴极模块由至少一个进气管、至少一个出气管、支撑板框、一个片状空气阴极、一个导流网和盖板构成；进气管和出气管分别设置在支撑板框的上边框外表面和下边框外表面，并且进气管和出气管分别与支撑板框内部连通；盖板、支撑板框、导流网和片状空气阴极依次平行设置，并且盖板、支撑板框、导流网和片状空气阴极之间边缘处通过弹性密封垫密封；The flat-plate airtight air cathode module is composed of at least one air inlet pipe, at least one air outlet pipe, a support plate frame, a sheet-shaped air cathode, a guide net and a cover plate; the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged on the upper part of the support plate frame The outer surface of the frame and the outer surface of the lower frame, and the air intake pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the inside of the support plate frame; The edge between the guide net and the sheet air cathode is sealed by an elastic gasket;

所述盖板的材质具体为绝缘金属板、PE、PC、PP或PVC；The material of the cover plate is specifically an insulating metal plate, PE, PC, PP or PVC;

或平板密闭空气阴极模块由至少一个进气管、至少一个出气管、支撑板框、两个片状空气阴极和两个导流网构成；进气管和出气管分别设置在支撑板框的上边框外表面和下边框外表面，并且进气管和出气管分别与支撑板框内部连通；其中一个片状空气阴极、其中一个导流网、支撑板框、另一个导流网和另一个片状空气阴极依次平行设置；Or the flat airtight air cathode module is composed of at least one air inlet pipe, at least one air outlet pipe, support plate frame, two sheet-shaped air cathodes and two guide nets; the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged outside the upper frame of the support plate frame surface and the outer surface of the lower frame, and the air intake pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the inside of the support plate frame; one of the sheet air cathodes, one of the guide nets, the support plate frame, the other guide net and the other sheet air cathode Set up in parallel;

所述片状空气阴极、导流网和支撑板框之间边缘处通过弹性密封垫密封；所述弹性密封垫的材质为天然橡胶、硅橡胶、乙丙橡胶、氟化橡胶、硅酮密封胶或硅胶密封胶；The edge between the sheet-shaped air cathode, the guide net and the support plate frame is sealed by an elastic gasket; the material of the elastic gasket is natural rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone sealant or silicone sealant;

所述支撑板框的形状为长方形、正方形或梯形；The shape of the support plate frame is a rectangle, a square or a trapezoid;

所述支撑板框的边框厚度为0.5～10cm，宽度为0.1～10cm；The thickness of the frame of the support plate frame is 0.5-10 cm, and the width is 0.1-10 cm;

所述导流网的材质为工程塑料或金属；The material of the guide net is engineering plastic or metal;

所述片状空气阴极为金属基阴极或碳纤维布基阴极；所述金属基阴极为多孔状的金属材质的阴极或网状的金属材质的阴极；The sheet-shaped air cathode is a metal-based cathode or a carbon fiber cloth-based cathode; the metal-based cathode is a porous metal cathode or a meshed metal cathode;

所述阳极为平板阳极、平板多孔阳极或碳刷组；The anode is a flat anode, a flat porous anode or a carbon brush group;

所述平板阳极的材质为导电碳基材料或导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料；The material of the flat anode is a conductive carbon-based material or a conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material;

所述平板多孔阳极的材质为多孔的导电碳基材料或多孔的导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料；The material of the flat porous anode is a porous conductive carbon-based material or a porous conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material;

所述导电碳基材料为碳纤维布、碳毡或活性碳；The conductive carbon-based material is carbon fiber cloth, carbon felt or activated carbon;

所述金属基材料的为钨、钛或不锈钢；The metal-based material is tungsten, titanium or stainless steel;

所述碳刷组为多个平行设置的碳刷构成的平面碳刷组；The carbon brush group is a plane carbon brush group composed of a plurality of carbon brushes arranged in parallel;

其中，弹性密封垫的作用是保证盖板、支撑板框、支撑板框和片状空气阴极之间良好贴合，进而实现空气阴极模块的密封；Among them, the function of the elastic gasket is to ensure a good fit between the cover plate, the support plate frame, the support plate frame and the sheet-like air cathode, thereby realizing the sealing of the air cathode module;

其中，盖板的设置目的是保持污水不会进入板框主体，盖板的材质为耐污水腐蚀的绝缘材质；Among them, the purpose of setting the cover plate is to keep the sewage from entering the main body of the plate frame, and the material of the cover plate is an insulating material resistant to sewage corrosion;

其中，支撑板框的形状根据适合实际浸没运行的污水构筑物截面形状确定；支撑板框的边框厚度应满足贴合后的密封，支撑板框的边框宽度设置应满足气体流通的空间的需求；支撑板框的作用是分隔相邻的阴极防止短路、调节阴极间距以及在平板密闭空气阴极模块内起到基本的支撑作用；Among them, the shape of the supporting plate and frame is determined according to the cross-sectional shape of the sewage structure suitable for the actual submerged operation; the thickness of the frame of the supporting plate and frame should meet the sealing after lamination, and the width of the frame of the supporting plate and frame should meet the needs of the space for gas circulation; The function of the plate frame is to separate adjacent cathodes to prevent short circuits, adjust the cathode spacing, and play a basic supporting role in the flat airtight air cathode module;

其中，平板密闭空气阴极模块要具有较好的防水能力和较好密封性，不会在污水之中发生渗漏以至于污水大量渗入阴极模块的气体腔室之中；平板密闭空气阴极模块中的进气管的气体来源为曝气泵，进气管和出气管能够完成平板密闭空气阴极模块内部的气体更新并维持氧气浓度，出气管处于模块底部，在排出气体的同时也能够排出偶然渗漏的少量污水。在运行过程中，平板密闭空气阴极模块能够适应不同深度的构筑物；在确定阴极模块的安装深度后，通过调节通向该模块进气管的气压使模块内部的气体压力和模块外部的液体压力始终处于平衡或接近平衡的状态，确保了平板密闭空气阴极模块承受水压能力；Among them, the flat air-tight air cathode module should have good waterproof ability and good sealing performance, and will not leak in the sewage so that a large amount of sewage infiltrates into the gas chamber of the cathode module; the flat air-tight air cathode module The gas source of the air inlet pipe is the aeration pump. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe can complete the gas renewal inside the flat closed air cathode module and maintain the oxygen concentration. sewage. During operation, the flat closed air cathode module can adapt to structures of different depths; after the installation depth of the cathode module is determined, the gas pressure inside the module and the liquid pressure outside the module are always at the same level by adjusting the air pressure leading to the air inlet pipe of the module. Equilibrium or near-equilibrium state ensures that the flat airtight cathode module can withstand water pressure;

其中，导流网的厚度与支撑板框的宽度相近，在片状空气阴极和支撑板框之间设置导流网的目的是为片状空气阴极提供内部支持，避免在浸没运行后片状空气阴极发生形变；使平板密闭空气阴极模块内部的气体均匀扩散，以及防止两侧阴极接触；Among them, the thickness of the guide net is similar to the width of the support plate frame. The purpose of setting the guide net between the sheet air cathode and the support plate frame is to provide internal support for the sheet air cathode and avoid the sheet air after immersion operation. The cathode is deformed; the gas inside the flat closed air cathode module is evenly diffused, and the cathodes on both sides are prevented from contacting;

其中，片状空气阴极的设置目的是分隔支撑板框和污水，避免污水进入支撑板框内部，以及催化氧还原反应；Among them, the purpose of setting the sheet-shaped air cathode is to separate the support plate frame and the sewage, to prevent the sewage from entering the inside of the support plate frame, and to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction;

本发明包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统，该系统还可以由圆柱密闭空气阴极模块和管状阳极构成；管状阳极套设于圆柱密闭空气阴极模块的外部，并且圆柱密闭空气阴极模块和管状阳极的轴线重合设置；The present invention includes a microbial electrochemical system with a fully submerged operating air cathode, which can also be composed of a cylindrical closed air cathode module and a tubular anode; the tubular anode is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical closed air cathode module, and the cylindrical closed air cathode module It is arranged to coincide with the axis of the tubular anode;

所述圆柱密闭空气阴极模块由管状板框、阴极管箍、管状空气阴极、至少一个上端进气管、至少一个下端出气管和管壁支撑条构成；The cylindrical airtight air cathode module is composed of a tubular plate frame, a cathode tube hoop, a tubular air cathode, at least one upper air inlet pipe, at least one lower air outlet pipe and a pipe wall support strip;

所述管状板框的管壁为镂空状，管状板框的两端设置有密封盖板，上端进气管和下端出气管分别垂直于管状板框的两端设置的密封盖板设置，上端进气管和下端出气管分别与管状板框内部连通；管状板框内部径向设置有数个管壁支撑条；管状空气阴极套设在管状板框的圆柱表面，阴极管箍套设在管状空气阴极的两端；The tube wall of the tubular plate frame is hollow, the two ends of the tubular plate frame are provided with sealing cover plates, the upper end air inlet pipe and the lower end air outlet pipe are respectively arranged perpendicular to the sealing cover plates arranged at both ends of the tubular plate frame, and the upper end air inlet pipe is arranged. and the air outlet pipe at the lower end are respectively communicated with the inside of the tubular plate frame; several tube wall support bars are radially arranged inside the tubular plate frame; end;

所述管状空气阴极和管状板框的圆柱表面之间边缘处通过弹性密封垫密封；所述弹性密封垫的材质为天然橡胶、硅橡胶、乙丙橡胶、氟化橡胶、硅酮密封胶或硅胶密封胶；The edge between the tubular air cathode and the cylindrical surface of the tubular plate frame is sealed by an elastic gasket; the material of the elastic gasket is natural rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone sealant or silicone sealant;

所述管状空气阴极为金属基阴极或碳纤维布基阴极；所述金属基阴极为多孔状的金属材质的阴极或网状的金属材质的阴极；The tubular air cathode is a metal-based cathode or a carbon fiber cloth-based cathode; the metal-based cathode is a porous metal cathode or a meshed metal cathode;

所述管状阳极为管状导电碳基材料、管状导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料、管状多孔的导电碳基材料、管状多孔的导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料或管状碳刷组；The tubular anode is a tubular conductive carbon-based material, a tubular conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material, a tubular porous conductive carbon-based material, a tubular porous conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material or a tubular carbon brush group;

所述导电碳基材料为碳纤维布、碳毡或活性碳；The conductive carbon-based material is carbon fiber cloth, carbon felt or activated carbon;

所述金属基材料的为钨、钛或不锈钢；The metal-based material is tungsten, titanium or stainless steel;

所述管状碳刷组为多个平行间隔设置的碳刷合围构成的管状碳刷组；The tubular carbon brush group is a tubular carbon brush group formed by enclosing a plurality of carbon brushes arranged in parallel and spaced apart;

其中，密封盖板的设置目的是保持污水不会进入板框主体；Among them, the purpose of setting the sealing cover is to keep the sewage from entering the main body of the plate frame;

其中，管状空气阴极的设置目的是分隔管状板框和污水，避免污水进入管状板框内部，以及催化氧还原反应；Among them, the purpose of setting the tubular air cathode is to separate the tubular plate frame and the sewage, to prevent the sewage from entering the inside of the tubular plate frame, and to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction;

其中，管状板框的形状根据适合实际浸没运行的污水构筑物截面形状确定；管状板框的边框厚度应满足贴合后的密封，管状板框的边框宽度设置应满足气体流通的空间的需求；管状板框和管壁支撑条的作用是分隔相邻的阴极防止短路、调节阴极间距以及在圆柱密闭空气阴极模块内起到基本的支撑作用；Among them, the shape of the tubular plate frame is determined according to the section shape of the sewage structure suitable for the actual submerged operation; the thickness of the frame of the tubular plate frame should meet the sealing after lamination, and the width of the frame of the tubular plate frame should meet the requirements of the space for gas circulation; The function of the plate frame and the tube wall support bar is to separate the adjacent cathodes to prevent short circuit, adjust the cathode spacing, and play a basic supporting role in the cylindrical airtight air cathode module;

其中，圆柱密闭空气阴极模块要具有较好的防水能力和较好密封性，不会在污水之中发生渗漏以至于污水大量渗入阴极模块的气体腔室之中；圆柱密闭空气阴极模块中的上端进气管的气体来源为曝气泵，上端进气管和下端出气管能够完成圆柱密闭空气阴极模块内部的气体更新并维持氧气浓度，下端出气管处于模块底部，在排出气体的同时也能够排出偶然渗漏的少量污水。在运行过程中，圆柱密闭空气阴极模块能够适应不同深度的构筑物；在确定阴极模块的安装深度后，通过调节通向该模块上端进气管的气压使模块内部的气体压力和模块外部的液体压力始终处于平衡或接近平衡的状态，确保了圆柱密闭空气阴极模块承受水压能力；Among them, the cylindrical airtight air cathode module should have good waterproof ability and good sealing performance, and will not leak in the sewage so that a large amount of sewage infiltrates into the gas chamber of the cathode module; The gas source of the upper air inlet pipe is the aeration pump. The upper air inlet pipe and the lower air outlet pipe can complete the gas renewal inside the cylindrical airtight air cathode module and maintain the oxygen concentration. Small amount of sewage leaking. During operation, the cylindrical airtight air cathode module can adapt to structures of different depths; after the installation depth of the cathode module is determined, the gas pressure inside the module and the liquid pressure outside the module can be kept constant by adjusting the air pressure leading to the air inlet pipe at the upper end of the module. In a state of equilibrium or close to equilibrium, ensuring the ability of the cylindrical airtight air cathode module to withstand water pressure;

其中，弹性密封垫的作用是保证管状空气阴极和管状板框之间良好贴合，进而实现空气阴极模块的密封；Among them, the function of the elastic gasket is to ensure a good fit between the tubular air cathode and the tubular plate frame, thereby realizing the sealing of the air cathode module;

其中，管状板框内部径向设置有数个管壁支撑条在强化整个管状板框的稳定性的同时还能保证管状板框内部的气体流通；Wherein, a plurality of tube wall support bars are radially arranged inside the tubular plate frame to enhance the stability of the entire tubular plate frame and at the same time ensure the gas circulation inside the tubular plate frame;

本发明具备以下有益效果；The present invention has the following beneficial effects;

本发明针对空气阴极微生物燃料电池系统在实际污水处理环境中面临的水压以及大尺度阴极表面氧气获取的问题，开发了包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统。该系统将毗邻的空气阴极做成密闭式的阴极模块，通过调节进气管的进气速率以及进气管的压力使闭式的阴极模块内部形成空气薄层，空气薄层的气压与阴极模块外部的水压平衡后，使阴极始终处于气水两侧平衡的压力之下，并且通过控制空气薄层与外界的气体交换使阴极能够获得充足的氧气供给。这种可流动的承压空气薄层还能够为阴极表面均匀的提供氧气，能够提高阴极表面氧气的分压从而获得更高的产电性能。因此，该系统成功解决了微生物燃料电池系统中的水压问题，并在维持高阴极比表面积的基础上解决了复氧问题，设置的密闭的阴极模块使该系统能够适用于各种实际深度的运行。同时，本发明空气阴极为完全浸没运行，避免了空气阴极暴露在大气环境中导致空气阴极表面潮湿、淋水、积尘、老化或附着污染物，影响微生物燃料电池的正常运行的发生。The present invention develops a microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with fully submerged operation in view of the problems of water pressure and oxygen acquisition on a large scale cathode surface faced by an air cathode microbial fuel cell system in an actual sewage treatment environment. The system makes the adjacent air cathodes into a closed cathode module. By adjusting the intake rate of the intake pipe and the pressure of the intake pipe, an air thin layer is formed inside the closed cathode module. The air pressure of the air thin layer is the same as the air pressure outside the cathode module. After the water pressure is balanced, the cathode is always under the balanced pressure on both sides of the gas and water, and the cathode can obtain sufficient oxygen supply by controlling the gas exchange between the thin air layer and the outside world. The flowable thin layer of pressurized air can also provide oxygen to the cathode surface uniformly, and can increase the partial pressure of oxygen on the cathode surface to obtain higher power generation performance. Therefore, the system successfully solves the problem of water pressure in the microbial fuel cell system, and solves the problem of re-oxygenation on the basis of maintaining a high specific surface area of the cathode. run. At the same time, the air cathode of the present invention operates completely submerged, which avoids the exposure of the air cathode to the atmospheric environment to cause the surface of the air cathode to be wet, splashed with water, dust, aging or adhered to pollutants, which affects the normal operation of the microbial fuel cell.

附图说明：Description of drawings:

图1为本发明微生物电化学系统结构示意图，阳极2平行设置于平板密闭空气阴极模块1两侧，阳极2为平板阳极；1 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial electrochemical system of the present invention, theanode 2 is arranged in parallel on both sides of the flat plate airtightair cathode module 1, and theanode 2 is a flat plate anode;

图2为本发明微生物电化学系统结构示意图，阳极2平行设置于平板密闭空气阴极模块1两侧，阳极2为平板多孔阳极；2 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial electrochemical system of the present invention, theanode 2 is arranged in parallel on both sides of the flat airtightair cathode module 1, and theanode 2 is a flat porous anode;

图3为本发明微生物电化学系统结构示意图，阳极2平行设置于平板密闭空气阴极模块1两侧，阳极2为碳刷组；3 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial electrochemical system of the present invention, theanode 2 is arranged in parallel on both sides of the flat plate closedair cathode module 1, and theanode 2 is a carbon brush group;

图4为设置有一个片状空气阴极14、一个导流网15和盖板16的平板密闭空气阴极模块1结构示意图，；4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat-plate airtightair cathode module 1 provided with a sheet-shapedair cathode 14, aguide net 15 and acover plate 16;

图5为设置有两个片状空气阴极14和两个导流网15的平板密闭空气阴极模块1结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat-plate airtightair cathode module 1 provided with two sheet-like air cathodes 14 and twoguide nets 15;

图6为平板密闭空气阴极模块1中形状为长方形的支撑板框13的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the rectangularsupport plate frame 13 in the flat plate airtightair cathode module 1;

图7为圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3的结构示意图；Fig. 7 is the structural representation of cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3;

图8为圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3中管状板框31的结构示意图；8 is a schematic structural diagram of the tubular plate frame 31 in the cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3;

图9为本发明微生物电化学系统结构示意图，由圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3和管状阳极4构成，管状阳极4为管状导电碳基材料；9 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial electrochemical system of the present invention, which is composed of a cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3 and atubular anode 4, and thetubular anode 4 is a tubular conductive carbon-based material;

图10为本发明微生物电化学系统结构示意图，由圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3和管状阳极4构成；管状阳极4为管状多孔的导电碳基材料；10 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial electrochemical system of the present invention, which is composed of a cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3 and atubular anode 4; thetubular anode 4 is a tubular porous conductive carbon-based material;

图11为本发明微生物电化学系统结构示意图，由圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3和管状阳极4构成；管状阳极4为管状碳刷组。11 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial electrochemical system of the present invention, which is composed of a cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3 and atubular anode 4; thetubular anode 4 is a tubular carbon brush group.

具体实施方式：Detailed ways:

本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举具体实施方式，还包括各具体实施方式间的任意合理组合。The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also include any reasonable combination between the specific embodiments.

具体实施方式一：结合图1～6说明本实施方式，本实施方式包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统由平板密闭空气阴极模块1和阳极2构成；阳极2平行设置于平板密闭空气阴极模块1的一侧或两侧；Embodiment 1: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 . This embodiment includes a microbial electrochemical system with a fully immersed air cathode, which is composed of a flat-plate airtightair cathode module 1 and ananode 2; One or both sides of theair cathode module 1;

所述平板密闭空气阴极模块1由至少一个进气管11、至少一个出气管12、支撑板框13、一个片状空气阴极14、一个导流网15和盖板16构成；进气管11和出气管12分别设置在支撑板框13的上边框外表面和下边框外表面，并且进气管11和出气管12分别与支撑板框13内部连通；盖板16、支撑板框13、导流网15和片状空气阴极14依次平行设置，并且盖板16、支撑板框13、导流网15和片状空气阴极14之间边缘处通过弹性密封垫密封；所述盖板16的材质具体为绝缘金属板、PE、PC、PP或PVC；The flat-plate airtightair cathode module 1 is composed of at least oneair inlet pipe 11, at least oneair outlet pipe 12, asupport plate frame 13, a sheet-shapedair cathode 14, aguide net 15 and acover plate 16; theair inlet pipe 11 and theair outlet pipe 12 are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the upper frame and the outer surface of the lower frame of thesupport plate frame 13, and theair inlet pipe 11 and theair outlet pipe 12 are respectively communicated with the inside of thesupport plate frame 13; thecover plate 16, thesupport plate frame 13, theguide net 15 and The sheet-shapedair cathodes 14 are arranged in parallel in sequence, and the edge between thecover plate 16, thesupport plate frame 13, theguide net 15 and the sheet-shapedair cathode 14 is sealed by an elastic gasket; the material of thecover plate 16 is specifically an insulating metal board, PE, PC, PP or PVC;

或平板密闭空气阴极模块1由至少一个进气管11、至少一个出气管12、支撑板框13、两个片状空气阴极14和两个导流网15构成；进气管11和出气管12分别设置在支撑板框13的上边框外表面和下边框外表面，并且进气管11和出气管12分别与支撑板框13内部连通；其中一个片状空气阴极14、其中一个导流网15、支撑板框13、另一个导流网15和另一个片状空气阴极14依次平行设置；Or the flat closedair cathode module 1 is composed of at least oneair inlet pipe 11, at least oneair outlet pipe 12,support plate frame 13, two sheet-shapedair cathodes 14 and twoguide nets 15; theair inlet pipe 11 and theair outlet pipe 12 are respectively provided On the outer surface of the upper frame and the outer surface of the lower frame of thesupport plate frame 13, and theair intake pipe 11 and theair outlet pipe 12 are respectively connected with the inside of thesupport plate frame 13; one of the sheet-shapedair cathodes 14, one of the guide nets 15, the support plate Theframe 13, anotherguide net 15 and another sheet-like air cathode 14 are arranged in parallel in sequence;

所述片状空气阴极14、导流网15和支撑板框13之间边缘处通过弹性密封垫密封。The edges between the sheet-shapedair cathode 14 , theguide net 15 and thesupport plate frame 13 are sealed by elastic sealing gaskets.

本实施方式具备以下有益效果；This embodiment has the following beneficial effects;

本实施方式针对空气阴极微生物燃料电池系统在实际污水处理环境中面临的水压以及大尺度阴极表面氧气获取的问题，开发了包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统。该系统将毗邻的空气阴极做成密闭式的阴极模块，通过调节进气管的进气速率以及进气管的压力使闭式的阴极模块内部形成空气薄层，空气薄层的气压与阴极模块外部的水压平衡后，使阴极始终处于气水两侧平衡的压力之下，并且通过控制空气薄层与外界的气体交换使阴极能够获得充足的氧气供给。这种可流动的承压空气薄层还能够为阴极表面均匀的提供氧气，能够提高阴极表面氧气的分压从而获得更高的产电性能。因此，该系统成功解决了微生物燃料电池系统中的水压问题，并在维持高阴极比表面积的基础上解决了复氧问题，设置的密闭的阴极模块使该系统能够适用于各种实际深度的运行。同时，本实施方式空气阴极为完全浸没运行，避免了空气阴极暴露在大气环境中导致空气阴极表面潮湿、淋水、积尘、老化或附着污染物，影响微生物燃料电池的正常运行的发生。The present embodiment develops a microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with fully submerged operation in response to the water pressure and large-scale cathode surface oxygen acquisition issues faced by an air cathode microbial fuel cell system in an actual sewage treatment environment. The system makes the adjacent air cathodes into a closed cathode module. By adjusting the intake rate of the intake pipe and the pressure of the intake pipe, an air thin layer is formed inside the closed cathode module. The air pressure of the air thin layer is the same as the air pressure outside the cathode module. After the water pressure is balanced, the cathode is always under the balanced pressure on both sides of the gas and water, and the cathode can obtain sufficient oxygen supply by controlling the gas exchange between the thin air layer and the outside world. The flowable thin layer of pressurized air can also provide oxygen to the cathode surface uniformly, and can increase the partial pressure of oxygen on the cathode surface to obtain higher power generation performance. Therefore, the system successfully solves the problem of water pressure in the microbial fuel cell system, and solves the problem of re-oxygenation on the basis of maintaining a high specific surface area of the cathode. run. At the same time, the air cathode in this embodiment is completely immersed, which prevents the air cathode from being exposed to the atmospheric environment, which will cause the surface of the air cathode to be wet, splashed with water, dust, aging or adhered to pollutants, which will affect the normal operation of the microbial fuel cell.

具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是：所述片状空气阴极14为金属基阴极或碳纤维布基阴极。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment andEmbodiment 1 is that the sheet-shapedair cathode 14 is a metal-based cathode or a carbon fiber cloth-based cathode. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式二不同的是：所述金属基阴极为多孔状的金属材质的阴极或网状的金属材质的阴极。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式二相同。Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment andEmbodiment 2 is that the metal-based cathode is a porous metal cathode or a meshed metal cathode. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the second embodiment.

具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同的是：所述阳极2为平板阳极、平板多孔阳极或碳刷组；所述碳刷组为多个平行设置的碳刷构成的平面碳刷组。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式一至三之一相同。Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and one ofEmbodiments 1 to 3 is that theanode 2 is a flat anode, a flat porous anode or a carbon brush group; the carbon brush group is composed of a plurality of carbon brushes arranged in parallel set of flat carbon brushes. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to three.

具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式四不同的是：所述平板多孔阳极的材质为多孔的导电碳基材料或多孔的导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式四相同。Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment andEmbodiment 4 is that the material of the flat porous anode is a porous conductive carbon-based material or a porous conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the fourth embodiment.

具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一不同的是：所述弹性密封垫的材质为天然橡胶、硅橡胶、乙丙橡胶、氟化橡胶、硅酮密封胶或硅胶密封胶。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式一至五之一相同。Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and one ofEmbodiments 1 to 5 is that the elastic gasket is made of natural rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, fluorinated rubber, silicone sealant or silicone sealant . Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to five.

具体实施方式七：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同的是：所述支撑板框13的形状为长方形、正方形或梯形。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式一至六之一相同。Embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and one ofEmbodiments 1 to 6 is that the shape of thesupport plate frame 13 is a rectangle, a square or a trapezoid. Other steps and parameters are the same as one ofEmbodiments 1 to 6.

具体实施方式八：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同的是：所述支撑板框13的边框厚度为0.5～10cm，宽度为0.1～10cm。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式一至七之一相同。Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and one ofEmbodiments 1 to 7 is that the thickness of the frame of thesupport plate frame 13 is 0.5-10 cm, and the width is 0.1-10 cm. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to seven.

具体实施方式九：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至八之一不同的是：所述导流网15的材质为工程塑料或金属。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式一至八之一相同。Embodiment 9: The difference between this embodiment and one ofEmbodiments 1 to 8 is that the material of theguide net 15 is engineering plastic or metal. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to eight.

具体实施方式十：本实施方式与具体实施方式四不同的是：所述平板阳极的材质为导电碳基材料或导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式四相同。Embodiment 10: The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the material of the flat anode is a conductive carbon-based material or a conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the fourth embodiment.

具体实施方式十一：本实施方式与具体实施方式五不同的是：所述导电碳基材料为碳纤维布、碳毡或活性碳。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式五相同。Embodiment 11: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 5 in that the conductive carbon-based material is carbon fiber cloth, carbon felt or activated carbon. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the fifth embodiment.

具体实施方式十二：本实施方式与具体实施方式五不同的是：所述金属基材料的为钨、钛或不锈钢。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式五相同。Embodiment 12: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 5 in that the metal-based material is tungsten, titanium or stainless steel. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the fifth embodiment.

具体实施方式十三：结合图7至图11说明本实施方式，本实施方式包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统由圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3和管状阳极4构成；管状阳极4套设于圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3的外部，并且圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3和管状阳极4的轴线重合设置；Embodiment 13: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11 . This embodiment includes a microbial electrochemical system with a fully immersed air cathode, which is composed of a cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3 and atubular anode 4; 4 sets of tubular anodes It is arranged on the outside of the cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3, and the axes of the cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3 and thetubular anode 4 are coincidently arranged;

所述圆柱密闭空气阴极模块3由管状板框31、阴极管箍32、管状空气阴极33、至少一个上端进气管34、至少一个下端出气管35和管壁支撑条36构成；The cylindrical airtight air cathode module 3 is composed of a tubular plate frame 31, acathode tube hoop 32, atubular air cathode 33, at least one upperair inlet pipe 34, at least one lowerair outlet pipe 35 and a tubewall support bar 36;

所述管状板框31的管壁为镂空状，管状板框31的两端设置有密封盖板37，上端进气管34和下端出气管35分别垂直于管状板框31的两端设置的密封盖板37设置，上端进气管34和下端出气管35分别与管状板框31内部连通；管状板框31内部径向设置有数个管壁支撑条36；管状空气阴极33套设在管状板框31的圆柱表面，阴极管箍32套设在管状空气阴极33的两端；The tube wall of the tubular plate frame 31 is hollow, the two ends of the tubular plate frame 31 are provided with sealingcover plates 37 , and the upperair inlet pipe 34 and the lowerair outlet pipe 35 are respectively perpendicular to the sealing covers provided at both ends of the tubular plate frame 31 . Theplate 37 is provided, and the upperair inlet pipe 34 and the lowerair outlet pipe 35 are respectively communicated with the inside of the tubular plate frame 31; a number of tube wall support bars 36 are radially arranged inside the tubular plate frame 31; thetubular air cathode 33 is sleeved on the tubular plate frame 31. On the cylindrical surface, thecathode tube hoop 32 is sleeved on both ends of thetubular air cathode 33;

所述管状空气阴极33和管状板框31的圆柱表面之间边缘处通过弹性密封垫密封；The edge between thetubular air cathode 33 and the cylindrical surface of the tubular plate frame 31 is sealed by an elastic gasket;

所述弹性密封垫的材质为天然橡胶、硅橡胶、乙丙橡胶、氟化橡胶、硅酮密封胶或硅胶密封胶。The material of the elastic sealing gasket is natural rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, fluorinated rubber, silicone sealant or silicone sealant.

本实施方式具备以下有益效果；This embodiment has the following beneficial effects;

本实施方式针对空气阴极微生物燃料电池系统在实际污水处理环境中面临的水压以及大尺度阴极表面氧气获取的问题，开发了包含具有完全浸没运行的空气阴极的微生物电化学系统。该系统将毗邻的空气阴极做成密闭式的阴极模块，通过调节进气管的进气速率以及进气管的压力使闭式的阴极模块内部形成空气薄层，空气薄层的气压与阴极模块外部的水压平衡后，使阴极始终处于气水两侧平衡的压力之下，并且通过控制空气薄层与外界的气体交换使阴极能够获得充足的氧气供给。这种可流动的承压空气薄层还能够为阴极表面均匀的提供氧气，能够提高阴极表面氧气的分压从而获得更高的产电性能。因此，该系统成功解决了微生物燃料电池系统中的水压问题，并在维持高阴极比表面积的基础上解决了复氧问题，设置的密闭的阴极模块使该系统能够适用于各种实际深度的运行。同时，本实施方式空气阴极为完全浸没运行，避免了空气阴极暴露在大气环境中导致空气阴极表面潮湿、淋水、积尘、老化或附着污染物，影响微生物燃料电池的正常运行的发生。The present embodiment develops a microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with fully submerged operation in response to the water pressure and large-scale cathode surface oxygen acquisition issues faced by an air cathode microbial fuel cell system in an actual sewage treatment environment. The system makes the adjacent air cathodes into a closed cathode module. By adjusting the intake rate of the intake pipe and the pressure of the intake pipe, an air thin layer is formed inside the closed cathode module. The air pressure of the air thin layer is the same as the air pressure outside the cathode module. After the water pressure is balanced, the cathode is always under the balanced pressure on both sides of the gas and water, and the cathode can obtain sufficient oxygen supply by controlling the gas exchange between the thin air layer and the outside world. The flowable thin layer of pressurized air can also provide oxygen to the cathode surface uniformly, and can increase the partial pressure of oxygen on the cathode surface to obtain higher power generation performance. Therefore, the system successfully solves the problem of water pressure in the microbial fuel cell system, and solves the problem of re-oxygenation on the basis of maintaining a high specific surface area of the cathode. run. At the same time, the air cathode in this embodiment is completely immersed, which prevents the air cathode from being exposed to the atmospheric environment, which will cause the surface of the air cathode to be wet, splashed with water, dust, aging or adhered to pollutants, which will affect the normal operation of the microbial fuel cell.

具体实施方式十四：本实施方式与具体实施方式十三不同的是：所述管状空气阴极33为金属基阴极或碳纤维布基阴极。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式十三相同。Embodiment 14: The difference between this embodiment andEmbodiment 13 is that thetubular air cathode 33 is a metal-based cathode or a carbon fiber cloth-based cathode. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the thirteenth embodiment.

具体实施方式十五：本实施方式与具体实施方式十四不同的是：所述金属基阴极为多孔状的金属材质的阴极或网状的金属材质的阴极。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式十四相同。Embodiment 15: This embodiment is different fromEmbodiment 14 in that the metal-based cathode is a porous metal cathode or a meshed metal cathode. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the fourteenth embodiment.

具体实施方式十六：本实施方式与具体实施方式十三至十五之一不同的是：所述管状阳极4为管状导电碳基材料、管状导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料、管状多孔的导电碳基材料、管状多孔的导电耐腐蚀的金属基材料或管状碳刷组；所述管状碳刷组为多个平行间隔设置的碳刷合围构成的管状碳刷组。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式十三至十五之一相同。Embodiment 16: The difference between this embodiment andEmbodiment 13 to 15 is that thetubular anode 4 is made of tubular conductive carbon-based material, tubular conductive and corrosion-resistant metal-based material, tubular porous conductive carbon A base material, a tubular porous conductive and corrosion-resistant metal base material or a tubular carbon brush group; the tubular carbon brush group is a tubular carbon brush group formed by enclosing a plurality of carbon brushes arranged in parallel and spaced apart. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the thirteenth to fifteenth embodiments.

具体实施方式十七：本实施方式与具体实施方式十六不同的是：所述导电碳基材料为碳纤维布、碳毡或活性碳；所述金属基材料的为钨、钛或不锈钢。其他步骤和参数与具体实施方式十六相同。Embodiment 17: This embodiment differs fromEmbodiment 16 in that: the conductive carbon-based material is carbon fiber cloth, carbon felt or activated carbon; the metal-based material is tungsten, titanium or stainless steel. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the sixteenth embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. A microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode having a fully submerged operation, characterized by: the system consists of a flat plate closed air cathode module (1) and an anode (2); the anode (2) is arranged on one side or two sides of the flat-plate closed air cathode module (1) in parallel;

the flat-plate closed air cathode module (1) is composed of at least one air inlet pipe (11), at least one air outlet pipe (12), a support plate frame (13), a sheet-shaped air cathode (14), a flow guide net (15) and a cover plate (16); the air inlet pipe (11) and the air outlet pipe (12) are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the upper frame and the outer surface of the lower frame of the support plate frame (13), and the air inlet pipe (11) and the air outlet pipe (12) are respectively communicated with the inside of the support plate frame (13); the cover plate (16), the support plate frame (13), the flow guide net (15) and the sheet-shaped air cathode (14) are sequentially arranged in parallel, and the edges among the cover plate (16), the support plate frame (13), the flow guide net (15) and the sheet-shaped air cathode (14) are sealed through elastic sealing gaskets; the cover plate (16) is made of an insulated metal plate, PE, PC, PP or PVC;

or the flat plate closed air cathode module (1) is composed of at least one air inlet pipe (11), at least one air outlet pipe (12), a support plate frame (13), two sheet-shaped air cathodes (14) and two flow guide nets (15); the air inlet pipe (11) and the air outlet pipe (12) are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the upper frame and the outer surface of the lower frame of the support plate frame (13), and the air inlet pipe (11) and the air outlet pipe (12) are respectively communicated with the inside of the support plate frame (13); one sheet-shaped air cathode (14), one flow guide net (15), the support plate frame (13), the other flow guide net (15) and the other sheet-shaped air cathode (14) are sequentially arranged in parallel;

the edges among the sheet-shaped air cathode (14), the flow guide net (15) and the support plate frame (13) are sealed through elastic sealing gaskets.

2. The microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation of claim 1, wherein: the sheet-shaped air cathode (14) is a metal-based cathode or a carbon fiber cloth-based cathode.

3. A microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with fully submerged operation according to claim 2, wherein: the metal-based cathode is a porous metal cathode or a mesh-shaped metal cathode.

4. The microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation of claim 1, wherein: the anode (2) is a flat plate anode, a flat plate porous anode or a carbon brush group; the carbon brush group is a plane carbon brush group formed by a plurality of carbon brushes arranged in parallel.

5. The microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation of claim 4, wherein: the flat porous anode is made of a porous conductive carbon-based material or a porous conductive corrosion-resistant metal-based material.

6. A microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode having a fully submerged operation, characterized by: the system consists of a cylindrical closed air cathode module (3) and a tubular anode (4); the tubular anode (4) is sleeved outside the cylindrical sealed air cathode module (3), and the axes of the cylindrical sealed air cathode module (3) and the tubular anode (4) are superposed;

the cylindrical sealed air cathode module (3) is composed of a tubular plate frame (31), a cathode pipe hoop (32), a tubular air cathode (33), at least one upper end air inlet pipe (34), at least one lower end air outlet pipe (35) and a pipe wall support strip (36);

the pipe wall of the tubular plate frame (31) is hollow, sealing cover plates (37) are arranged at two ends of the tubular plate frame (31), an upper end air inlet pipe (34) and a lower end air outlet pipe (35) are respectively perpendicular to the sealing cover plates (37) arranged at two ends of the tubular plate frame (31), and the upper end air inlet pipe (34) and the lower end air outlet pipe (35) are respectively communicated with the interior of the tubular plate frame (31); a plurality of pipe wall support bars (36) are radially arranged in the tubular plate frame (31); the tubular air cathode (33) is sleeved on the cylindrical surface of the tubular plate frame (31), and the cathode tube hoop (32) is sleeved at two ends of the tubular air cathode (33);

the edge between the tubular air cathode (33) and the cylindrical surface of the tubular plate frame (31) is sealed by an elastic sealing gasket;

the elastic sealing gasket is made of natural rubber, silicon rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, fluorinated rubber, silicone sealant or silica gel sealant.

7. The microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation of claim 6, wherein: the tubular air cathode (33) is a metal-based cathode or a carbon fiber cloth-based cathode.

8. The microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation of claim 7, wherein: the metal-based cathode is a porous metal cathode or a mesh-shaped metal cathode.

9. The microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation of claim 6, wherein: the tubular anode (4) is a tubular conductive carbon-based material, a tubular conductive corrosion-resistant metal-based material, a tubular porous conductive carbon-based material, a tubular porous conductive corrosion-resistant metal-based material or a tubular carbon brush group; the tubular carbon brush group is formed by encircling a plurality of carbon brushes arranged in parallel at intervals.

10. A microbial electrochemical system comprising an air cathode with full submerged operation according to claim 9, wherein: the conductive carbon-based material is carbon fiber cloth, carbon felt or activated carbon; the metal-based material is tungsten, titanium or stainless steel.

Images