Portable vision electrophysiology detecting system[ Technical field ]
The invention relates to the technical field of ophthalmic medical treatment, in particular to a portable visual electrophysiology detection system.
[ Background Art ]
Visual electrophysiological detection is a technique to record changes in the released potential from the eye, optic nerve or brain under light or graphic visual stimuli. The functions of retina, optic nerve and visual pathway can be objectively measured.
The visual electrophysiological detection mainly comprises:
1. electroretinogram (ERG)
Electroretinogram (ERG) primarily reflects photoreceptor-to-bipolar and non-long process cell function in the retina. Electroretinograms are commonly used clinically for diagnosis of diseases such as hereditary retinal degeneration (e.g., retinitis pigmentosa, etc.), diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, ocular trauma (e.g., retinal ferruginesis, sympathogenic ophthalmitis, etc.), achromatopsia, etc.
2. Electric eye pattern (EOG)
Electrooculography (EOG) is the measurement of the electrostatic retinal potential present between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells. According to the change of the retina static potential under the condition of light and dark adaptation, the photochemical reaction of the photoreceptor cells and the functional condition of the retina outer layer can be reflected, and the method can also be used for measuring the physiological change of eyeball position and eyeball movement.
3. Visual Evoked Potential (VEP)
Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) functional status of omental ganglion cells to visual cortex. The purpose of this examination is to infer the health of the conducting fibers from the retina to the cerebral cortex and the visual cortex functional activity. When both EOG and ERG tests are normal in vision-deprived patients, the lesions are located above ganglion cells to the cerebral cortex.
4. Multi-focus electroretinogram (MfERG)
A multi-focal electroretinogram (MfERG) system allows for assessment of electroretinogram activity in small areas of the retina. By this method, a multi-focal electroretinogram can be recorded from hundreds of retinal areas in a few minutes.
Visual electrophysiological detection clinically provides diagnosis of eye diseases, excludes specific conditions, prognosis, visual function evaluation during treatment and the like, and also plays an important role in early diagnosis of eye diseases of patients. The detection instrument generally consists of three main parts, including detection electrodes, light or pattern stimulators, and recording and processing means for data.
Electrodes for visual electrophysiological detection are all commercially available, but most are passive electrodes, not containing any active electronic components. Passive electrodes are known to have low disturbance resistance. Thus, in visual electrophysiological detection, electromagnetic noise from the environment typically interferes with the signal. Noise of 50Hz/60Hz is particularly common and is referred to as line noise because it is emitted by the power cable. Thus, the quality of the visual electrophysiological detection signals is affected, thereby reducing their diagnostic capabilities. Most commercial visual electrophysiology detection electrodes have long transmission wires, which facilitate docking to a remote device, but make the electrode more susceptible to interference from electromagnetic noise. For passive electrodes there is always a trade-off between convenience and recording quality. And because the active electrode is susceptible to interference from electromagnetic noise. Deviations in the analysis tend to occur and affect accurate determinations.
On the other hand, the instruments for integrating all visual electrophysiological examinations are expensive and have large volumes, and no product capable of combining electrode detection and wearing into a whole appears. In some cases, such as at the bedside of a hospital or in a treatment room, where the patient may be sitting, tilting or lying due to inconvenient movements, a device is needed that can be easily placed in front of the patient for detection, so that the mobility of the visual electrophysiology detector is of considerable importance. When the darkroom is observed, the darkroom can be realized only by needing to be in a special darkroom, and a large space is wasted. As smart portable device technology becomes mature and popular, today's smart portable devices can be easily operated and are relatively inexpensive. Aiming at the usability technology of the intelligent portable device, the intelligent portable device can be expanded into an ophthalmic clinical vision electrophysiology detection device. The active electrode compatible with the intelligent portable device is developed by matching with the active electrode, so that the active electrode becomes an ideal choice for being used outside a general detection environment and remote areas of the world.
[ Summary of the invention ]
The invention provides a portable visual electrophysiology detection system, which solves the problems of large volume, inconvenient use and low accuracy of the conventional visual electrophysiology detection equipment.
The portable visual electrophysiology detection system adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a portable vision electrophysiology detecting system, includes the head-mounted device, the head-mounted device is used for placing mobile device, detection electrode, signal amplifier, the head-mounted device still contains multichannel structure, and the signal of each detection electrode is through multichannel structure with the signal collection output of each detection electrode to mobile device behind the signal amplifier.
Preferably, the detection electrode is an ERG electrode, an EOG electrode, or a VEP electrode.
Preferably, the signal amplifier is a pre-signal amplifier and a VEP signal amplifier, the pre-signal amplifier is provided with an adjustable gain knob for amplifying signals of the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode, the VEP signal amplifier is provided with an adjustable gain knob for amplifying signals of the VEP electrode, and the detected signals are connected with the mobile device through independent channels after the multi-channel structure is converted.
Preferably, the pre-signal amplifier has an LCD display screen thereon for reading the test data in real time.
Preferably, the signal amplifier is further provided with a separate battery module.
Preferably, the pre-signal amplifier further comprises a ground electrode and a reference electrode, and the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode share one ground electrode and one reference electrode.
Preferably, the ERG electrodes are of three types, cornea contact, conjunctiva contact and skin contact, respectively.
Preferably, the ERG electrode, EOG electrode, VEP electrode, ground electrode and reference electrode are removably connected to respective signal amplifiers by magnetic means.
Preferably, the magnetic member connection portion is gold plated or silver chloride plated.
Preferably, the mobile device is provided with a display screen, a processor, a software module and a stimulation module, i.e. the mobile device integrates data processing, display and stimulation functions and can also convert detected electrical signals into a graphic display.
Preferably, the software module controls the display screen to stimulate, and the display screen is an OLED display screen used in international ISCEV standard.
Preferably, the head-mounted device also comprises a VEP electrode placing frame, and 5 VEP electrode grooves are formed in the placing frame and distributed in a cross shape and are used for placing VEP electrodes.
Preferably, the headset is provided with a bungee structure for placing the mobile device.
Preferably, the headset can form a darkroom, i.e. the space formed by the mobile device when being seen by eyes after being worn by the mobile device is darkroom, and light is not leaked.
Preferably, the head-mounted device further comprises two power lenses through which the eyes need to see the screen of the mobile device.
According to the portable visual electrophysiological detection system provided by the invention, the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode share one reference electrode and one ground electrode, so that the function inspection of retina cells and the function inspection of a retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor complex can be realized simultaneously. In addition, the VEP electrode enables inspection of visual pathway conditions.
The head-mounted equipment is used for realizing that the preamplifier is attached to the face through the reference electrode, is as close to the signal source as possible, reduces the length of the lead, eliminates noise from the cable lead, solves the problems of weak signal, more interference and the like in the use process of the traditional detection device, and is more resistant to electronic interference due to the arrangement of the battery module, as a result, the active electrode amplifies the signal of the source.
The head-mounted device can form a darkroom with the mobile device, the detection condition is achieved, the head-mounted device is light and convenient, the volume is small, the head-mounted device is convenient to carry, detected data are directly connected with the data processing display device through the lead, and the detection result can be obtained in real time.
[ Description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portable visual electrophysiology detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portable visual electrophysiology detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portable visual electrophysiology detection system of the present invention with a headset and a mobile device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a portable visual electrophysiology detection system of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a VEP electrode and a VEP electrode holder according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an ERG electrode and EOG electrode detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the ERG electrode conjunctiva contact and skin contact structures of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the ERG electrode conjunctiva contact and skin contact type wear of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of an ERG electrode and EOG electrode pre-signal amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an ERG electrogram of the ERG electrode of the present invention compared to a conventional ERG electrode during the same sensing time;
FIG. 11 shows that the ERG electrogram repeatability obtained by detecting the ERG electrode of the invention for multiple times in the same detection time is better;
FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram of an EOG electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a waveform of a VEP electrode of the present invention;
In the figure, 1 is a headset, 101 is an elastic structure, 102 is a multi-channel structure, 103 is a darkroom, 104 is a focal lens, 2 is a mobile device, 3 is a VEP electrode placement frame, 31 is a VEP electrode groove, 4 is a VEP electrode, a first VEP electrode 401, a second VEP electrode 402, a third VEP electrode 403, a fourth VEP electrode 404, a fifth VEP electrode 405,41 is a VEP signal amplifier, 42 is an adjustable gain knob, 5 is a prepositive signal amplifier, 51 is an LCD display screen, 53 is an adjustable gain knob, 6 is a reference electrode, 7 is a ground electrode, 8 is an EOG electrode, 9 is an ERG electrode/cornea contact ERG electrode, 91 is a conjunctiva contact ERG electrode, and 92 is a skin contact ERG electrode.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In order that the manner in which the invention is carried out will become clear, the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
As shown in fig. 1to 8, a portable visual electrophysiological detection system includes a head-mounted device 1, where the head-mounted device 1 is used to place a mobile device 2, detection electrodes, and a signal amplifier, and the head-mounted device 1 further includes a multi-channel structure 102, and after passing through the signal amplifier, signals of the detection electrodes are collected and output to the mobile device 2 through the multi-channel structure 102. Each detection electrode is connected with the signal amplifier through a wire, and the wire adopts twisted pair, so that the interference of other signals on each detection signal is reduced.
The detection electrodes are ERG electrode 9, EOG electrode 8 and VEP electrode 4, wherein the number of VEP electrodes 4 is 5, and the detection electrodes are first VEP electrode 401, second VEP electrode 402, third VEP electrode 403, fourth VEP electrode 404 and fifth VEP electrode 405.
The signal amplifiers are a pre-signal amplifier 5 and a VEP signal amplifier 41, wherein each VEP electrode of the VEP signal amplifier is provided with one VEP electrode, and one VEP electrode is selected for illustration, and the other VEP electrodes are the same, namely the VEP signal amplifier 41 is provided with an adjustable gain knob 42 for amplifying signals of the VEP electrodes, and the detected signals are connected with the mobile device 2 through independent channels after being converted by the multi-channel structure 102.
The pre-signal amplifier 5 has an LCD display screen 51 for reading test data, such as impedance values, in real time.
The signal amplifier is also provided with an independent battery module, and medical batteries meeting the standard are selected.
The prepositive signal amplifier 5 further comprises a ground electrode 7 and a reference electrode 6, the ERG electrode 9 and the EOG electrode 8 share one ground electrode 7 and one reference electrode 6, ERG is used for recording potential changes of cells in retina through electrode contact with cornea, EOG is used for recording potential changes of eyeball rest through electrode contact with skin positions on two sides of the orbit, and ERG electrode and EOG electrode share one reference electrode 6. The reference electrode 6 is attached to the skin surface of the human face. At the same time, the pre-signal amplifier 5 is also placed close to the signal source of the human eye, preferably the reference electrode 6 is placed at the inner side of the pre-amplifier 5, i.e. the position of the reference electrode 6 against the temple after wearing.
The pre-signal amplifier 5 further comprises a signal amplifying circuit, two adjustable gain knobs 53 are arranged on the pre-signal amplifier 5 and used for changing signals of the ERG electrode 4 and the EOG electrode 5 respectively, and detected signals are connected with the multichannel structure 102 through two wires after the pre-signal amplifier 5 is changed, wherein one wire transmits the ERG electrode signal and the other wire transmits the EOG electrode signal.
The ERG electrode may be designed to contact the eyeball in three forms, namely, cornea contact type 9, conjunctiva contact type 91 and skin contact type 92, and one contact end of the cornea contact type ERG electrode is in mirror contact, as shown in fig. 6. The contact end of the conjunctival contact type ERG electrode is a line contact, as shown on the left of fig. 7. The contact end of the skin contact type ERG electrode is a stick contact, fig. 7 right.
ERG electrode 9, EOG electrode 8, VEP electrode 4, ground electrode 7 and reference electrode 6 are detachably connected to the signal amplifier by magnetic means. The pre-signal amplifier 5 is provided with magnetic joints correspondingly connected with the ERG electrode, the EOG electrode, the ground electrode 7 and the reference electrode 6.
The magnetic component connection part is plated with gold or silver chloride.
The mobile device 2 is provided with a display screen, a processor, a software module and a stimulation module, namely the mobile device 2 integrates data processing, displaying and stimulation functions, and can also convert detected electric signals into graphic display, and the software module in the mobile device can control the screen to display needed.
The software module controls the display screen to stimulate, wherein the display screen is an OLED display screen used in international ISCEV standard.
The head-mounted device also comprises a VEP electrode placing frame 3, and 5 VEP electrode grooves 31 are formed in the placing frame and distributed in a cross shape and are used for placing the VEP electrodes 4. The head-mounted device 1 is provided with the elastic structure 101 for placing the mobile device 2, which is beneficial to conveniently placing the mobile devices 2 with different sizes or adjusting the positions of the mobile devices 2. The headset can form a darkroom 103, i.e. the space formed by the mobile device when being seen by eyes after being worn by the mobile device 2 is darkroom, and no light leakage is caused.
The headset 1 further comprises two power lenses 104, i.e. convex lenses, through which lenses 104 the eyes need to see the screen of the mobile device 2, so that when the patient is in use, stereoscopic effects with a sense of space are produced by the power lenses to be displayed in the brain in order to detect the response of the eyes in a specific mode.
Fig. 1-8 show a single eye test, and the principle of the present invention is the same by providing 2 preamplifiers to detect both eyes simultaneously.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the circuit design of the pre-signal amplifier 5 of the inventive device.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
a. selecting a proper ERG electrode and an EOG electrode, placing the ERG electrode at a position of eyes close to eyeballs, and placing the EOG electrode at different positions near eyelids of the faces;
b. the ground electrode is tightly attached to the middle of the forehead, and then the corresponding magnetic component and the magnetic connector are connected together.
C. The reference electrode is attached to the skin of the face of the person, preferably the temple position of the face of the person.
D. connecting signal wires of ERG electrode and EOG electrode and wires of ground electrode together to pre-amplifier
E. wearing the headset, the VEP electrodes are also worn together with the headset, the lowest one of the VEP electrode holders, the fifth VEP electrode 405, is aligned to the protruding position outside the human hindbrain occiput, the 5 VEP electrodes are placed, and the connection is made to the multichannel structure.
F. the signal amplifier is connected to the multichannel structure on the head-mounted equipment through signal wires, one of the two wires is a signal wire of the ERG electrode, the other wire is a signal wire of the EOG electrode, and the wires of the multichannel structure are connected to an interface on the mobile equipment;
g. After the eyes are in the darkroom for a certain time, the mobile equipment is opened for stimulation, and a proper stimulation mode is selected through the built-in APP or software;
h. the software of the mobile device records the electric signals detected by the electrodes and converts the electric signals into waveform diagrams to be displayed.
I. After the detection is finished, the reference electrode, the ground electrode, the ERG electrode, the EOG electrode and the VEP electrode are removed for next replacement of a new electrode for detection, and the pre-signal amplifier can be reused.
The invention connects ERG electrode and EOG electrode with a preposed signal amplifier at the same time, as signal pick-up electrode to pick up eyeball signal, use the same reference electrode together, and the ground electrode as anti-interference electrode, in order to reduce the interference voltage of the common mode of electric network to the influence connection circuit of the signal, ERG is through electrode and cornea contact to record the potential change of cells in retina, EOG is through electrode and eye socket peripheral specific position contact to record eyeball resting potential change, two signals are independent, through the signal of two positions is mutual reference, in order to help analysis and diagnosis of disease, ERG signal is mainly detection of retina cell function, EOG is auxiliary reference signal is for functional detection of retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor complex from the medical point of view.
According to the invention, the flash stimulator and the wearing equipment are used to form a darkroom, so that the detection condition is achieved, the wearing equipment is light and convenient, meanwhile, the corresponding electrode is directly arranged on the wearing equipment, the use is more convenient, the detected data is directly connected with the data processing display device through the lead, and the detection result can be obtained in real time.
The portable visual electrophysiological detection system provided by the invention has better sensitivity and repetition sensitivity than the conventional detection device. FIG. 10 shows that the active electrode detection device of the improved visual electrophysiological detection system has higher threshold value and higher detection sensitivity than the previous detection electrogram in the same detection time by single detection comparison. FIG. 11 shows that the threshold repeatability of the electrogram detected multiple times is better in the same detection time. Meanwhile, due to the design of the pre-amplifier and the VEP signal amplifier, the EOG electrode, the reference electrode, the ground electrode, the VEP electrode and the signal amplifier are close to a signal source, a connecting wire is short, external signal interference is greatly reduced, two-channel detection mutual interference is counteracted by a twisted pair, the ERG electrode, the EOG electrode and the VEP electrode are conveniently installed by a gold-plated magnetic joint, contact resistance can be reduced, electric conduction force can be increased, and rust prevention can be realized.
Compared with a passive electrode, the novel active electrode can improve the accuracy and the repeatability of recording signals. The main feature of this design is the short connection between the sensor and the amplifier. With a short transmission line, most of the external noise and interference will be eliminated. The design provides a signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio, higher reproducibility, higher common mode rejection ratio and lower stimulus level. The electrode can be made into disposable electrode, which can prevent infection, benefit patient and doctor, and meet the hospital infection control standard.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, in which the wires do not use twisted pair wires, other wires can also realize signal transmission, and the signals can be inspected by direct wire connection without using magnetic connector connection, but the accuracy is not as good as the above examples.
All technical schemes belonging to the principle of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention. Modifications which would occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention are also intended to be included within the scope of the invention.