Mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test methodTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test method.
Background technology
Wireless phone has generally used in today's society, with the coverage rate of its extended network, reliability, ability and offerThe growth of service ability, mobile phone have turned into the necessity of people.Present most of airline aircrafts prohibit the use of in flight courseMobile phone, the mancarried electronic aid (Portable such as mobile phone, notebook computer, palm PC are used however as passengerElectronic Device, PED) demand gradual increase, unintentional use or unwarranted deliberately using being all by accidentIt is possible.Relatively expensive backrest satellite phone, airline and communication supplier, which wait, increasingly to be favored in parts per trillionOne unit network technology, also increasingly pay close attention to providing cellular service on aircraft.In recent years flight example is shown uses hand on aircraftMachine is technically feasible, i.e., uses low-power wireless cellular base station aboard, forms part per trillion element mesh.On aircraftCommunication linkage is established in part per trillion unit base station on the PED such as mobile phone equipment and aircraft, and aircraft part per trillion unit base station and groundFace communication is realized by satellite link.Therefore reduce and establish electromagnetism caused by communication link with terrestrial cellular base station and doThe possibility disturbed.
Passenger's PED equipment such as carrying mobile phone in airplane, while bringing convenient, also set aircraft airborne electronicsThe standby potential threat for receiving electromagnetic interference.American National Air and Space Executive Agent is directed to two parts of research report tables of PED issuesIt is bright, continuously with PED can on reduction machine sensitive equipment safety allowance, and aircraft GPS system, ranging can be directly affectedThe normal work of the airborne equipments such as instrument.Different from the airborne equipment on aircraft, the PED equipment of passenger's carrying is need not be by tightThe aircraft radiation-emitting limitation of lattice checks, and current popular data in mobile phone function service of new generation is increasingly more, workFrequency range is also increasingly abundanter, therefore in different bandwidth test research mobile phone radiation transmittings and assesses electromagnetic interference to aircraft electronicThe influence and its threat of electrical system are significantly.
Threatened to assess PEDs in interference of the radiation-emitting signal caused by the specific radio frequency band of aircraft to aircraft, mustMust test aircraft path loss.For the aircraft of different operating type, every kind of type of airplane and series have oneself unique dayLine position and radio receiver installation configuration, these changes can all cause a wide range of path loss values, therefore need every kind ofType of airplane should all carry out path loss test, to assess whether PEDs produces threat to aircraft, influence Primary communication navigationDeng the work of electronic equipment.
Interference caused by PEDs can be coupled to aircraft receiver by aircraft airborne antenna, and this interference is referred to as front door and doneDisturb, it is in band or out of band that this interference signal is present in aircraft operation of receiver frequency, mainly passes through aircraft door and window path and couplesTo antenna.Interference path loss is defined as reference antenna (being approximately portable electric appts PED) and connect to aircraft particular radioThe loss of receipts machine terminator terminating junctor.
Wang Yonggen, Dai Jigang, Wang Leyi were in the paper delivered in scientific and technical innovation Leader in 2015《Commercial aircraft portable electricSub- installation electromagnetical interference source forecast analysis research》In, using the method for simulation modeling calculating, opened in commercial aircraft and use PEDIn the state of, using the domestic commercial aircraft newly developed as model, to the electromagnetic interference source of portable electric appts that may be presentForecast analysis has been carried out, the interference field strength distribution in aircraft passenger compartment is calculated, has been not directed to how aircraft interference path is lostSpecific method of testing.
Master's thesis of the Sun Jingling of Nanjing Aero-Space University in 2010《Wireless Telecom Equipment in airline carriers of passengers main cabinAerial radiation interference damage is studied》In, the commercial simulation software EMPIRE-XCcel based on FDTD algorithms is established available for electricityThe B737-300 passenger plane electromagnetic models of magnetic simulation calculation, simulation calculation is under multiple types cordless communication network, each crossing cabin lineThe port induced-current of cable, establish the electromagnetic simulation model of interference path loss (IPL), the airborne very high frequency(VHF) day of simulation calculationThe least interference path loss of line and L-band antenna, checking test is done to electromagnetic environment in the cabin of PED equipment, not carried outElectromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test is studied.
Dai Jigang, Chen Zhili were in the paper delivered in information communication in 2013《Commercial passenger aircraft portable electric appts electricityMagnetic protection Design and verification technique research》In, cause the mechanism of electromagnetic interference, PED radiation-emittings to control from PED, newly grind aircraftThe several respects such as PED electromagnetic protections design requirement and seaworthiness authorization experiment are illustrated, and are referred to the coupling of aircraft front door and back door couplingVerification experimental verification method is closed, but does not provide specific method of testing and testing procedure, calculation formula etc..
Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd. Shanghai Aircraft Design Research Institute patent " detection electromagnetic interference method andIts system " (application number：201611051284.2) in, there is provided one kind detection civil aircraft portable electric appts electromagnetic interferenceTest system, including：Control unit, it is configured as controlling the unit in the system to implement the survey of electromagnetic interferenceExamination；Transmitter unit, described control unit is configured to respond to, generates and launch test signal；And receiving unit, it is configuredIn response to described control unit, to measure the test signal.Set in addition, patent provides detection civil aircraft portable electronicThe method of standby electromagnetic interference.
BJ University of Aeronautics ＆ Astronautics is in a kind of patent " electromagnetic compatibility test between transceiver based on GIS-Geographic Information SystemMethod " (publication number：In 103454523B), the transmission signal of equipment is launched in methods described using being directly injected into or radiation sideFormula receives, and is calculated by Path Loss for Radio Wave Propagation and playback monitoring is carried out after correcting, and used after playing back be directly injected into orRadiation mode, which is sent on receiving device, carries out emc testing, with PEDs interference paths loss test provided by the inventionMethod is different.CHINA PUTIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Co., Ltd is in a kind of patent " method of testing of path loss " (publication number：In 104519519A), there is provided method of testing include：Signal transmitter produces LTE230 protocol signals according to LTE230 agreements,And test signal is regard the LTE230 protocol signals as by omnidirectional antenna and is sent to signal receiver；The signal receiverThe test signal received is demodulated, the received signal power of response is calculated according to the data after demodulation；According to instituteThe transmission power of received signal power and the test signal is stated, obtains path loss data, this invention is applied to LTE230 netsNetwork.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test method,Suitable for the test acquisition methods of the various portable electric appts interference path lossy datas of commercial aircraft, to assess its interferenceThreat to aircraft.
A kind of mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test method, it is characterized in that, the loss is surveyedExamination comprises the steps of：
S1, determine PEDs electromagnetic interferences path and simulation test transmitting antenna placement location；
S2, the respective working frequency range according to aircraft airborne equipment and its antenna, determine the test of aircraft interference path lossFrequency range；
S3, aircraft path loss test system is established, the loss test system includes：Frequency track source, for providing radio frequency letterNumber；Transmitting antenna, it is arranged in aircraft passenger compartment, frequency track source is connected by the first test cable and amplifier；Spectrum analyzer,Frequency track source and the airborne antenna by the second test cable and aircraft antenna cable connection to aircraft are connected respectively；Computer,By controlling cable connection spectrum analyzer；
S4, the calibration before path loss is carried out, determine the excess loss outside aircraft antenna cable loss；It is determined that transmitting is logicalThe straight-through loss of the second test cable and aircraft antenna cable that are used in the first test cable for being used in road, receiving channel；
S5, aircraft coupling path loss test is carried out, the position to be tested in aircraft passenger compartment of localizing emission antenna, make dayLine crack between a door and its frame radiant power, spectrum analyzer is set to keep tracking to maximum, test obtains transmitting antenna will in aircraft passenger compartmentThe power maximum for the coupled flutter that the track of each opening position of test and spectrum analyzer receive；
S6, carry out aircraft path loss calculation：
IPL=P(1)-P(2)=PT+GTF+GTA-αTL1-αRL1-PR (1)
In formula, IPL represents path loss；P(1)For the radiant power of the transmission signal of transmitting antenna；P(2)For aircraft antennaThe power maximum of the coupled flutter of cable reception；PTFor RF signal power caused by frequency track source；GTFFor transmission signalAmplifier gain；GTAFor the gain of transmitting antenna；αTL1For the loss of the first test cable used in transmission channel；αRL1ForThe loss of the second test cable used in receiving channel；PRPower for the coupled flutter of spectrum analyzer test is maximumValue；
Carry out GPS system path loss calculation on aircraft：
IPL=P(1)-P(3)=PT+GTF+GTA-αTL1-αRL1-αAL-PR (2)
In formula, P(3)The coupled flutter power directly received for aircraft airborne antenna；αALFor aircraft in receiving channelThe loss of antenna cable.
Above-mentioned mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test method, wherein, described step S4Specifically include：
Position of transmitting antenna is arranged on from aircraft antenna 1m, the frequency scanning of configuration frequency track source tracking spectrum analyzer,To determine whether the excess loss outside aircraft antenna cable loss；
The straight-through loss of all test cables and Aircraft Cables used in calibration system, and dB numbers are converted into, recorded.
Above-mentioned mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test method, wherein, described step S5Specifically include：
S51, the position to be tested in aircraft passenger compartment of localizing emission antenna, the position to be tested include window, door, seatAnd junction between seat；
S52, using frequency track source and amplifier, provide radiofrequency signal for transmitting antenna, make transmitting antenna transmission signal；
S53, spectrum analyzer is set to keep tracking to maximum, continuously in test band scan；
S54, make transmitting antenna mobile or motionless, spectrum analyzer is arranged to maximum all the time during mobile or motionlessKeep the coupled flutter power maximum of tracking, recording track and test；
S55, change transmitting antenna polarization, carry out path loss test, make the vertically and horizontally polarization of transmitting antenna canTest；
S56, transmitting antenna is redeployed to another position, return and perform step S52 progress path loss survey next timeThe coupled flutter power maximum of examination, recording track and test, until completing all test positions.
Above-mentioned mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test method, wherein, described step S54In：
To be tested if junction between window, seat and seat, then transmitting antenna does not move, and is tested if aircraft door,Then transmitting antenna moves along crack between a door and its frame.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Suitable for the PEDs electromagnetic interferences of all kinds commercial aircraftCoupling path loss test is studied, to assess its threat of the interference to aircraft.The present invention suggested a kind of path loss simultaneouslyThe composition configuration of test system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection relationship diagram of loss test system used in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 2 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by describing a preferable specific embodiment in detail, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in figure 1, in order to realize the inventive method, the mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft that is used in the present embodimentCoupling path loss test system is included with lower component：
Frequency track source 1, for providing radiofrequency signal；
Amplifier 2, power amplification is carried out to the radiofrequency signal that frequency track source provides, the radiofrequency signal access transmitting day after amplificationLine 3；
Transmitting antenna 3, is arranged in aircraft passenger compartment, connects frequency track source 1 by the first test cable and amplifier 2, makesThe emission of radio frequency signals for coming self-frequency track source 1 and amplifier 2 is gone out, and is disturbed with simulating radiation-emitting caused by portable electric apptsSignal；
Spectrum analyzer 4, frequency track source 1 is connected respectively and is connected to by the second test cable and aircraft antenna cable 6The airborne antenna 7 of aircraft, the coupled flutter that aircraft airborne antenna 7 receives is received, to calculate aircraft path loss values；
Computer 5, by controlling cable connection spectrum analyzer 4, realize Automated condtrol and data acquisition, the place of testReason, the coupled flutter power received by spectrum analyzer 4 and transmission signal power calculation aircraft path loss values, afterIt will be described in detail in text.
Preferably, frequency track source 1, which is frequency, couples frequency track source, spectrum analyzer 4 is frequency coupling spectral analyzer, this groupConjunction allows to frequency scan, and is compared detailed test, and reduce the testing time；Transmitting antenna 3 is using dipole antenna and doubleRidged horn antenna, dipole antenna are applied to low-frequency range, and double-ridged horn antenna is mainly used in more than 1GHz high bands.
The confirmation of the test frequency range of aircraft interference path loss is the respective work according to aircraft airborne equipment and its antennaFrequency range is completed.The main airborne antenna of usual aircraft includes high-frequency communication (HF), VHF communication (VHF), localizerPlatform (LOC), VHF Omnidirection range (VOR), glide-path localizer (GS), airway traffic control radar (ATC), traffic alert and anticollisionSystem (TCAS), range finder (DME), global positioning system (GPS), microwave the reception antenna of the equipment such as road system (MLS).CanTo be tested according to the working frequency range of these equipment and merge test to these test frequency ranges, but these machines must be coveredCarry the working frequency range of equipment.Table 1 gives typical commercial aircraft airborne equipment and its working frequency range：
The typical commercial aircraft airborne equipment of table 1 and its working frequency range
In the present embodiment, spectrum analyzer 4 is with computer 5 by controlling cable connection, spectrum analyzer 4 and frequency track source 1And by controlling cable connection.
In this test system, transmitting antenna is arranged on junction between the window OR gate or seat or seat of aircraft.TestWhen, the position between each window, hatch door, each seat, the associated seat of aircraft seat side two in aircraft cabin, allShould be tested, wherein, hatch door is larger, hatch door location arrangements test one group of data, i.e., transmitting antenna 3 should be moved along crack between a door and its frame intoRow test.
A kind of as shown in Fig. 2 mancarried electronic aid electromagnetic interference aircraft coupling path loss test side proposed by the present inventionMethod, it is specifically comprised the steps of：
S1, determine PEDs electromagnetic interferences path and simulation test transmitting antenna placement location.PEDs interference sources are positioned at visitorIn cabin, victim is the radio receiver of the equipment such as communication and navigation on aircraft, and PED electromagnetic interferences path is to pass through aircraft windowWith the crack between a door and its frame of aircraft door, aircraft antenna is reached along aircraft body, therefore simulate the transmitting of PEDs electromagnetic radiations interferenceAntenna placement location is that transmitting antenna is predominantly disposed in each window, hatch door, each seat of aircraft passenger compartment in main cabin, itsMiddle hatch door location arrangements are one group of data of test, i.e. transmitting antenna should be moved along crack between a door and its frame and tested；Seat test position should alsoIncluding the position between the associated seat of aircraft seat side two, interference path loss test should be all carried out；
S2, the respective working frequency range according to aircraft airborne equipment and its antenna, determine the test of aircraft interference path lossFrequency range；The main airborne antenna of usual aircraft include high-frequency communication (HF), VHF communication (VHF), localizer (LOC),VHF Omnidirection range (VOR), glide-path localizer (GS), airway traffic control radar (ATC), traffic alert and CAS(TCAS), range finder (DME), global positioning system (GPS), microwave the reception antenna of the equipment such as road system (MLS).Can rootTested according to the working frequency range of these equipment and test is merged to these test frequency ranges, but these must be covered and airborne setStandby working frequency range；
S3, aircraft path loss test system is established, the loss test system includes：Frequency track source, for providing radio frequency letterNumber；Transmitting antenna, it is arranged in aircraft passenger compartment, frequency track source is connected by first test cable and amplifier；Frequency spectrum pointAnalyzer, frequency track source and the airborne antenna by the second test cable and aircraft antenna cable connection to aircraft are connected respectively；MeterCalculation machine, by controlling cable connection spectrum analyzer；
S4, the calibration before path loss is carried out, determine the excess loss outside aircraft antenna cable loss, this excess lossIt is probably caused by the connector erosion in path, this excess loss data is not used to calculate path loss；It is determined that transmittingThe second test cable and the straight-through damage of aircraft antenna cable used in the first test cable for being used in passage, receiving channelConsumption；
S5, aircraft coupling path loss test is carried out, the position to be tested in aircraft passenger compartment of localizing emission antenna, make dayLine crack between a door and its frame radiant power, spectrum analyzer is set to keep tracking to maximum, test obtains transmitting antenna will in aircraft passenger compartmentThe coupled flutter power maximum that the track of each opening position of test and spectrum analyzer receive；
S6, carry out aircraft path loss calculation：
IPL=P(1)-P(2)=PT+GTF+GTA-αTL1-αRL1-PR (1)
In formula, IPL represents path loss；P(1)For the radiant power of the transmission signal of transmitting antenna；P(2)For aircraft antennaThe power maximum of the coupled flutter of cable reception；PTFor RF signal power caused by frequency track source；GTFFor transmission signalAmplifier gain；GTAFor the gain of transmitting antenna；αTL1For the loss of the first test cable used in transmission channel；αRL1ForThe loss of the second test cable used in receiving channel；PRPower for the coupled flutter of spectrum analyzer test is maximumValue；
Carry out GPS system path loss calculation on aircraft：
IPL=P(1)-P(3)=PT+GTF+GTA-αTL1-αRL1-αAL-PR (2)
In formula, P(3)The coupled flutter power (being free of aircraft antenna cable) directly received for aircraft airborne antenna；αALFor the loss of aircraft antenna cable in receiving channel.
Described step S4 is specifically included：
Position of transmitting antenna is arranged on from aircraft antenna 1m, the frequency scanning of configuration frequency track source tracking spectrum analyzer,To determine whether the excess loss outside aircraft antenna cable loss；
The straight-through loss of all test cables and Aircraft Cables used in calibration system, and dB numbers are converted into, recorded.
Described step S5 is specifically included：
S51, the position to be tested in aircraft passenger compartment of localizing emission antenna, the position to be tested include window, door, seatAnd junction between seat；
S52, using frequency track source and amplifier, provide radiofrequency signal for transmitting antenna, make transmitting antenna transmission signal；
S53, spectrum analyzer is set to keep tracking to maximum, continuously in test band scan；
S54, make transmitting antenna mobile or motionless, spectrum analyzer is arranged to maximum all the time during mobile or motionlessKeep the coupled flutter power maximum of tracking, recording track and test；
S55, change transmitting antenna polarization, carry out path loss test, make the vertically and horizontally polarization of transmitting antenna canTest；
S56, transmitting antenna is redeployed to another position, return and perform step S52 progress path loss survey next timeThe coupled flutter power maximum of examination, recording track and test, until completing all test positions.
In described step S54：
To be tested if junction between window, seat and seat, then transmitting antenna does not move, and is tested if aircraft door,Then transmitting antenna slowly moves along crack between a door and its frame.
Although present disclosure is discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentionedDescription is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for the present invention'sA variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.