CN107847153B - A system and method for monitoring physiological parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a device (110), method and system (100) for calculating, estimating or monitoring a blood pressure of a subject. A first signal reflecting heart activity of a subject may be received. A plurality of second signals reflecting time-varying information on at least one pulse wave of the subject may be received. A first feature in the first signal may be identified. A second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals may be identified. A pulse transit time may be calculated based on a difference between the first feature and at least one of the second features. The blood pressure of the subject may be calculated according to a model based on the calculated pulse transit time. The model may comprise a compensation term related to the plurality of second signals or the second feature.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种生理参数监测的系统和方法A system and method for monitoring physiological parameters

交叉引用cross reference

本申请要求2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际申请的优先权，该国际申请要求2015年3月31日提交的申请号为201520188152.9的中国申请的优先权，其全部内容以引用方式并入本申请中。This application claims the priority of the international application with the application number PCT/CN2015/083334 filed on July 3, 2015, which claims the priority of the Chinese application with the application number of 201520188152.9 filed on March 31, 2015, which The entire contents of this application are incorporated by reference.

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种用于卫生保健相关领域的系统和方法。尤其涉及一种用于血压监测的系统和方法。The present invention relates to a system and method for use in health care related fields. In particular, it relates to a system and method for blood pressure monitoring.

背景技术Background technique

传统的血压测量系统也称为血压计，采用科氏音(Korotkoff sounds)或示波法，并基于外部压力与动脉容积脉动的幅度之间的关系来确定血压。这种传统的血压测量系统需要一个充气臂带来限制血流量。基于臂带的各种测量血压的方法都在连续测量之间以几分钟或更久的间隔不连续地进行。目前，高血压管理和心血管风险预测的专业团体推荐动态血压测量和家庭血压测量。然而，这种间歇性血压测量无法获取心血管系统在全天或更长期间内的动态。连续非入侵的血压监测可允许研究血压的瞬时变化，因此可探究血压控制机制。需要一种以非入侵、无臂带且具有一定准确性的方式来连续监测血压的系统和方法。Conventional blood pressure measurement systems, also known as sphygmomanometers, employ Korotkoff sounds or oscillometric methods and determine blood pressure based on the relationship between external pressure and the magnitude of arterial volume pulsation. This traditional blood pressure measurement system requires an inflatable arm strap to restrict blood flow. Various cuff-based methods of measuring blood pressure are performed discontinuously at intervals of a few minutes or more between successive measurements. Currently, ambulatory blood pressure measurement and home blood pressure measurement are recommended by professional groups for hypertension management and cardiovascular risk prediction. However, this intermittent blood pressure measurement cannot capture the dynamics of the cardiovascular system throughout the day or over a longer period of time. Continuous non-invasive blood pressure monitoring allows the study of transient changes in blood pressure and thus the mechanism of blood pressure control. There is a need for a system and method for continuously monitoring blood pressure in a non-invasive, cuffless, and accurate manner.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的一些实施例涉及一种设备，包括存储器存储指令以及至少一个处理器。所述设备可以用于计算、估计或者监测主体血压。当所述设备执行所述指令，所述至少一个处理器可以执行以下操作。可以接收反映一个主体的心脏活动的第一信号或反映所述第一信号或与所述第一信号相关的第一信息。可以接收反映所述主体的至少一个脉搏波上的时变信息的多个第二信号或反映所述第二信号或与所述第二信号相关的第二信息。所述第二信号或所述第二信息来自所述主体的多个身体位置(或者也可以是主体身体的多个位置或主体的多个位置)。可以识别所述第一信号中的第一特征。所述识别所述第一信号中的第一特征可以通过分析所述第一信息或第一信号实现。可以识别所述多个第二信号中每一个信号的第二特征。所述识别所述多个第二信号中每一个信号的第二特征可以通过分析所述第二信息或第二信号实现。可以基于所述第一特征与至少一个所述第二特征之间的差别，计算出脉搏传导时间。在一些实施例中，可以根据一个基于所述计算出的脉搏传导时间的模型，计算所述主体的血压。所述模型可以包括与所述多个第二信号或所述第二特征相关的补偿项。Some embodiments of the invention relate to an apparatus including a memory storing instructions and at least one processor. The device may be used to calculate, estimate or monitor a subject's blood pressure. When the apparatus executes the instructions, the at least one processor may perform the following operations. A first signal reflecting the cardiac activity of a subject or first information reflecting the first signal or related to the first signal may be received. A plurality of second signals reflecting time-varying information on at least one pulse wave of the subject or reflecting the second signals or second information related to the second signals may be received. The second signal or the second information comes from a plurality of body positions of the subject (or may also be a plurality of positions of the subject's body or a plurality of positions of the subject). A first feature in the first signal can be identified. The identifying of the first feature in the first signal may be accomplished by analyzing the first information or the first signal. A second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals can be identified. The identifying the second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals may be accomplished by analyzing the second information or the second signal. The pulse transit time may be calculated based on the difference between the first characteristic and at least one of the second characteristics. In some embodiments, the subject's blood pressure may be calculated according to a model based on the calculated pulse transit time. The model may include compensation terms related to the plurality of second signals or the second characteristic.

本申请的一些实施例涉及一种计算、估计或监测主体血压的方法。所述方法包括以下操作。可以接收反映一个主体的心脏活动的第一信号或反映所述第一信号或与所述第一信号相关的第一信息。可以接收反映所述主体的至少一个脉搏波上的时变信息的多个第二信号或反映所述第二信号或与所述第二信号相关的第二信息。所述第二信号或所述第二信息来自所述主体的多个身体位置(或者也可以是主体身体的多个位置或主体的多个位置)。可以识别所述第一信号中的第一特征。所述识别所述第一信号中的第一特征可以通过分析所述第一信息或第一信号实现。可以识别所述多个第二信号中每一个信号的第二特征。所述识别所述多个第二信号中每一个信号的第二特征可以通过分析所述第二信息或第二信号实现。可以基于所述第一特征与至少一个所述第二特征之间的差别，计算出脉搏传导时间。在一些实施例中，可以根据一个基于所述计算出的脉搏传导时间的模型，计算所述主体的血压。所述模型可以包括与所述多个第二信号或所述第二特征相关的补偿项。Some embodiments of the present application relate to a method of calculating, estimating or monitoring blood pressure in a subject. The method includes the following operations. A first signal reflecting the cardiac activity of a subject or first information reflecting the first signal or related to the first signal may be received. A plurality of second signals reflecting time-varying information on at least one pulse wave of the subject or reflecting the second signals or second information related to the second signals may be received. The second signal or the second information comes from a plurality of body positions of the subject (or may also be a plurality of positions of the subject's body or a plurality of positions of the subject). A first feature in the first signal can be identified. The identifying of the first feature in the first signal may be accomplished by analyzing the first information or the first signal. A second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals can be identified. The identifying the second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals may be accomplished by analyzing the second information or the second signal. The pulse transit time may be calculated based on the difference between the first characteristic and at least one of the second characteristics. In some embodiments, the subject's blood pressure may be calculated according to a model based on the calculated pulse transit time. The model may include compensation terms related to the plurality of second signals or the second characteristic.

本申请的一些实施例涉及一种可通过存储器及至少一个处理器实施的系统。所述系统可以用于计算、估计或监测主体血压。所述系统包括获取模块和分析模块。所述获取模块可以配置为接收反映一个主体的心脏活动的第一信号(或反映所述第一信号或与所述第一信号相关的第一信息)以及可以接收反映所述主体的至少一个脉搏波上的时变信息的多个第二信号(或反映所述第二信号或与所述第二信号相关的第二信息)。所述第二信号或所述第二信息来自所述主体的多个身体位置(或者也可以是主体身体的多个位置或主体的多个位置)。所述分析模块可以配置为识别所述第一信号中的第一特征；识别所述多个第二信号中每一个信号的第二特征；基于所述第一特征与至少一个所述第二特征之间的差别，计算出脉搏传导时间；根据一个基于所述计算出的脉搏传导时间的模型，计算所述主体的血压。所述模型可以包括与所述多个第二信号或所述第二特征相关的补偿项。所述识别所述第一信号中的第一特征可以通过分析所述第一信息或第一信号实现。所述识别所述多个第二信号中每一个信号的第二特征可以通过分析所述第二信息或第二信号实现。所述系统进一步包括输出模块，配置为输出所述计算出的血压。Some embodiments of the present application relate to a system implementable by memory and at least one processor. The system can be used to calculate, estimate or monitor a subject's blood pressure. The system includes an acquisition module and an analysis module. The acquisition module may be configured to receive a first signal reflecting cardiac activity of a subject (or reflecting the first signal or first information related to the first signal) and may receive at least one pulse reflecting the subject A plurality of second signals of time-varying information on the wave (or reflecting the second signals or second information related to the second signals). The second signal or the second information comes from a plurality of body positions of the subject (or may also be a plurality of positions of the subject's body or a plurality of positions of the subject). The analysis module may be configured to identify a first feature in the first signal; identify a second feature of each of the plurality of second signals; based on the first feature and at least one of the second features The difference between the pulse transit time is calculated; the blood pressure of the subject is calculated according to a model based on the calculated pulse transit time. The model may include compensation terms related to the plurality of second signals or the second characteristic. The identifying of the first feature in the first signal may be accomplished by analyzing the first information or the first signal. The identifying the second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals may be accomplished by analyzing the second information or the second signal. The system further includes an output module configured to output the calculated blood pressure.

在一些实施例中，可以计算多个脉搏传导时间。可以基于一个第一信号的第一特征与一个第二信号的第二特征之间的差别，计算出脉搏传导时间值。所述多个第二信号可以来自同一主体身体的不同位置。所述多个脉搏传导时间值可以基于同一第一信号或者是不同第一信号。例如，两个脉搏传导时间值可以基于一个第一信号和两个来自于所述主体身体的两个位置处的第二信号确定。又例如，两个脉冲传导时间值可以基于两个不同第一信号和两个来自于所述主体身体的两个位置处的第二信号确定。如本文所述，不同信号可以在同一时间或不同时间获取自一个主体的身体的不同位置。例如，不同的第一信号或者是不同的第二信号可以是不同时间获取自同一主体身体的同一位置。又例如，不同的第一信号或者是不同的第二信号可以是同一时间或不同时间获取自一个主体的身体的不同位置。在一些实施例中，可以根据根据计算的脉冲渡越时间值的模型计算主体的多个血压值。在一些实施例中，可以根据多个基于所计算出的多个脉冲传导时间值的多个模型计算所述主体的多个血压值。可以根据所述第一信号或第二信号的位置来选择这些模型，所述第一信号或第二信号的用于计算脉冲传导时间的特征已经被获取。例如，第二信号获取自主体的上臂和脚踝，可以识别所述两个第二信号的第二特征，两脉冲传导时间值可以基于所述两个第二特征和相同的第一信号的第一特征确定；可以根据同一模型或两个不同模型，基于所述两个脉搏传导时间值计算两个血压值；所述两模型可以根据所述第二信号获取的位置(上臂和脚踝)选取。In some embodiments, multiple pulse transit times may be calculated. A pulse transit time value may be calculated based on a difference between a first characteristic of a first signal and a second characteristic of a second signal. The plurality of second signals may come from different locations on the body of the same subject. The plurality of pulse transit time values may be based on the same first signal or different first signals. For example, two pulse transit time values may be determined based on a first signal and two second signals from two locations on the subject's body. As another example, two pulse transit time values may be determined based on two different first signals and two second signals from two locations on the subject's body. As described herein, different signals may be acquired from different locations on a subject's body at the same time or at different times. For example, different first signals or different second signals may be acquired from the same location on the same subject's body at different times. For another example, the different first signals or the different second signals may be acquired from different positions of the body of a subject at the same time or at different times. In some embodiments, a plurality of blood pressure values for the subject may be calculated from a model based on the calculated pulse transit time values. In some embodiments, the plurality of blood pressure values for the subject may be calculated according to a plurality of models based on the plurality of calculated pulse transit time values. These models may be selected based on the location of the first or second signal whose characteristics have been acquired for calculating the pulse transit time. For example, the second signal is obtained from the upper arm and ankle of the subject, the second characteristic of the two second signals can be identified, and the two-pulse transit time value can be based on the two second characteristics and the first signal of the same first signal Feature determination; two blood pressure values can be calculated based on the two pulse transit time values according to the same model or two different models; the two models can be selected according to the positions (upper arm and ankle) obtained by the second signal.

在一些实施例中，接收第一信号可以包括与放置在主体的第一位置上用于获取第一信号的第一传感器通信。接收第一信号可以包括使用第一位置上用于获取第一信号的第一传感器测量或获得第一信号，所述第一传感器配置为在主体的第一位置上获取第一信号。第一传感器可以是所述的一部分。在一些实施例中，接收多个第二信号可以包括与放置成在主体的多个第二位置上用于获取多个第二信号的多个第二传感器通信。在一些实施例中，接收多个第二信号可以包括与多个第二传感器阵列通信，所述第二传感器阵列配置为在主体的多个第二位置上获取多个第二信号。第二传感器和第二传感器阵列可以是所述设备的一部分。所述第一位置与所述第二位置可以基本相同。所述第二位置可以包括头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂、手腕、腰部、大腿、膝盖或主体的脚踝。所述设备可以包括主体可以穿戴的结构。In some embodiments, receiving the first signal may include communicating with a first sensor placed at the first location of the body for acquiring the first signal. Receiving the first signal may include measuring or obtaining the first signal using a first sensor at the first location for obtaining the first signal, the first sensor configured to obtain the first signal at the first location on the subject. The first sensor may be part of said. In some embodiments, receiving the plurality of second signals may include communicating with a plurality of second sensors positioned at the plurality of second locations on the body for acquiring the plurality of second signals. In some embodiments, receiving the plurality of second signals may include communicating with a plurality of second sensor arrays configured to acquire the plurality of second signals at the plurality of second locations on the subject. The second sensor and the second sensor array may be part of the device. The first position and the second position may be substantially the same. The second location may include the head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, thigh, knee, or ankle of the subject. The device may include a structure wearable by the subject.

在一些实施例中，所述多个第二传感器阵列中的至少一个可以包括多个传感器、一个或多个传感器的多个接收端、或一个或多个传感器的多个发射端。在一些实施例中，所述传感器阵列的配置可以是椭圆形阵列、矩形阵列、圆形阵列或三角形阵列。In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of second sensor arrays may include a plurality of sensors, a plurality of receiving ends of one or more sensors, or a plurality of transmitting ends of one or more sensors. In some embodiments, the configuration of the sensor array may be an elliptical array, a rectangular array, a circular array, or a triangular array.

在一些实施例中，所述第一信号可以包括光信号或电信号。所述第二信号中的至少一个信号可以包括光信号或电信号。所述第一信号或所述第二信号中的至少一个信号包括光电容积脉搏波波形、心电图波形或者心脏冲击图波形。In some embodiments, the first signal may comprise an optical signal or an electrical signal. At least one of the second signals may comprise an optical signal or an electrical signal. At least one of the first signal or the second signal includes a photoplethysmographic waveform, an electrocardiogram waveform, or a cardiogram waveform.

在一些实施例中，可以计算多个第二位置的多个血压。在一些实施例中，可以生成关系信息。例如，所述关系信息可以包括多个身体位置的血压值的分布(例如，左脚踝和右脚踝、左上臂和右上臂)。又例如，所述关系信息可以包括在身体位置的血压值与参考值的比较。典型的参考值可以包括同一主体的相同或相似位置的一个或多个历史血压值，即与所述主体具有相同或相似特征的一子群人或一般人群的一个或多个历史血压值。在一些实施例中，可以基于脉冲传导时间值，而不是由脉冲传导时间计算的血压值本身来生成所述关系信息。在一些实施例中，可以根据所述关系信息提供与主体相关的建议。在一些实施例中，所述建议可以包括用于计算血压的模型的补偿项。在一些实施例中，所述建议可以是关于选择可用于计算血压的模型的提示消息。在一些实施例中，所述建议可以包括用于计算血压的模型。所述模型可以包括基于补偿项修正后的第一模型。在一些实施例中，所述建议可以是关于所述主体的日常活动的推送信息。In some embodiments, multiple blood pressures may be calculated for multiple second locations. In some embodiments, relationship information may be generated. For example, the relationship information may include a distribution of blood pressure values for multiple body locations (eg, left and right ankles, left and right upper arms). For another example, the relationship information may include a comparison of the blood pressure value at the body location with a reference value. Typical reference values may include one or more historical blood pressure values at the same or similar locations for the same subject, ie one or more historical blood pressure values for a subgroup of people or the general population with the same or similar characteristics as the subject. In some embodiments, the relationship information may be generated based on the pulse transit time value rather than the blood pressure value itself calculated from the pulse transit time. In some embodiments, subject-related recommendations may be provided based on the relationship information. In some embodiments, the recommendations may include compensation terms for the model used to calculate blood pressure. In some embodiments, the suggestion may be a prompt message regarding the selection of a model that can be used to calculate blood pressure. In some embodiments, the suggestion may include a model for calculating blood pressure. The model may include a modified first model based on the compensation term. In some embodiments, the suggestion may be push information about the subject's daily activities.

在一些实施例中，所述至少一个处理器可以进一步接收与主体相关的信息或获取第一信号或第二信号时的条件。典型的信息可以包括，例如年龄、体重、白天的时间或获取第一信号或第二信号的日期、室温、当前主体的情绪、主体最近是否运动过等其中一种或多种的组合。当使用所述装置计算主体的血压时，可以考虑所述信息。In some embodiments, the at least one processor may further receive information related to the subject or conditions under which the first signal or the second signal was acquired. Typical information may include, for example, age, weight, time of day or date of acquisition of the first or second signal, room temperature, current subject's mood, whether the subject has exercised recently, or a combination of these. This information may be taken into account when calculating the blood pressure of the subject using the device.

本申请的一部分附加特性可以在下面的描述中进行说明。通过对以下描述和相应附图的检查或者对实施例的生产或操作的了解，本申请的一部分附加特性对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。本披露的特性可以通过对以下描述的具体实施例的各种方面的方法、手段和组合的实践或使用得以实现和达到。Some of the additional features of the present application may be illustrated in the following description. Some of the additional features of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the following description and the corresponding drawings, or from an understanding of the production or operation of the embodiments. The features of the present disclosure may be realized and attained through the practice or use of the methods, instrumentalities and combinations of the various aspects of the specific embodiments described below.

附图说明Description of drawings

根据示例性实施例可以进一步描述本申请。参考附图可以详细描述所述示例性实施例。所述实施例并非限制性的示例性实施例，其中相同的附图标记代表附图的几个视图中相似的结构，并且其中：The present application may be further described in accordance with exemplary embodiments. The exemplary embodiments may be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are not limiting example embodiments, wherein like reference numerals refer to similar structures throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein:

图1是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的生理信号监测系统的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of a physiological signal monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图2是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的图1所示系统中的引擎的示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an engine in the system shown in FIG. 1 according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图3是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的用于估算生理信号的示例性流程图；3 is an exemplary flowchart for estimating physiological signals according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图4是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的获取模块的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition module according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图5-A和5-B是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的心电图(ECG)传感器和光电容积脉搏波(PPG)传感器的排布或位置的示意图；5-A and 5-B are schematic diagrams of the arrangement or location of electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图6-A至6-D是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的传感器阵列的示意图；6-A to 6-D are schematic diagrams of sensor arrays according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图7是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的用于估算感兴趣生理参数的过程的示例性流程图；7 is an exemplary flowchart of a process for estimating a physiological parameter of interest, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图8-A至8-E是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的信号处理的示意图；8-A to 8-E are schematic diagrams of signal processing according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图9是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的个人健康管理器的示例性示意图；9 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a personal health manager according to some embodiments of the present invention;

图10所示的是一个用于实现并入本发明或部分并入本发明的专用系统的移动设备的结构示意图；Figure 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mobile device for implementing a dedicated system incorporating the present invention or partially incorporating the present invention;

图11所示的是一个用于实现并入本发明或部分并入本发明的专用系统的计算机的结构示意图；以及Figure 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer for implementing a special-purpose system incorporating or partially incorporating the present invention; and

图12是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的一个设备的示意图。Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

在以下详细描述中，以实例方式阐述许多特定细节，以便提供对相关发明的透彻理解。然而，对本领域技术人员应该显而易见的是，本发明可以在没有这样的细节的情况下实施。为了避免不必要地模糊本发明的各方面，已经以较高级别(没有细节)描述了众所周知的方法、程序、系统、部件和/或电路。In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth by way of example in order to provide a thorough understanding of the related invention. However, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without such details. Well-known methods, procedures, systems, components and/or circuits have been described at a high level (without detail) in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present invention.

本发明涉及血压监测的系统、方法及程序。血压监测可涉及一种无臂带系统和方法。在一些实施例中，血压是基于脉搏波相关信息估计的，如脉搏传导时间(PTT)、脉搏到达时间(PAT)等中的一种或多种组合。所述系统和方法包括改进的传感器设计及信号处理。本文公开的系统和方法可以以非入侵方式连续准确地监测血压。本文公开的系统和方法可实时地对身体多个位置处进行血压监测。以下关于血压监测相关的脉搏传导时间(PTT)的描述仅用于说明的目的，无意限制本公开的范围。仅作为示例，本文公开的系统和方法可利用如脉搏到达时间(PAT)等一个或多个其它脉搏波相关信息或信号来进行血压监测。The present invention relates to systems, methods and programs for blood pressure monitoring. Blood pressure monitoring may involve an armbandless system and method. In some embodiments, blood pressure is estimated based on pulse wave related information, such as one or more combinations of pulse transit time (PTT), pulse arrival time (PAT), and the like. The systems and methods include improved sensor design and signal processing. The systems and methods disclosed herein can continuously and accurately monitor blood pressure in a non-invasive manner. The systems and methods disclosed herein enable blood pressure monitoring at multiple locations on the body in real-time. The following description of blood pressure monitoring-related pulse transit time (PTT) is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For example only, the systems and methods disclosed herein may utilize one or more other pulse wave related information or signals, such as pulse arrival time (PAT), for blood pressure monitoring.

本申请的这些和其它特征以及特点，以及与结构相关的要素及部件组合的操作方法和功能以及生产制造的经济因素，再结合考虑参考附图的以下描述后会更加显然易见，所有这些都构成本申请的一部分。然而，应明确理解的是，附图仅用于阐述和说明的目的，无意限制本申请的范围。如本说明书和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可以包括复数。These and other features and characteristics of the present application, as well as the method of operation and function of the structurally related elements and combinations of components and the economics of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which are form part of this application. It should be expressly understood, however, that the accompanying drawings are for illustration and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. As shown in the specification and claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the words "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" are not intended to be specific in the singular and may include the plural.

图1是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的生理信号监测系统100的示意图。系统100可配置为监测感兴趣生理信号。系统100可以包括测量设备110、数据库(如服务器120)、外部数据源130及终端140。系统100的各个部件可通过网络150彼此直接或间接连接。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a physiologicalsignal monitoring system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention.System 100 may be configured to monitor physiological signals of interest.System 100 may includemeasurement equipment 110 , a database (eg, server 120 ),external data sources 130 , andterminals 140 . The various components ofsystem 100 may be directly or indirectly connected to each other throughnetwork 150 .

测量设备110可配置为测量信号。所述信号可以是心血管信号。所述信号可以与计算或估计感兴趣生理参数相关或用于计算或估计感兴趣生理参数。测量设备110可以包括，例如临床设备、家用设备、便携式设备、可穿戴设备等中的一种或多种的组合。如本文所述，临床设备适用于在临床环境包括，例如医院、医生办公室、疗养院等中使用的使用标准和/或规范。临床设备可以由医疗保健提供者使用或是在的医疗保健提供者协助下使用。如本文所述，家用设备符合在家或非临床环境下使用的适用标准和/或规格。家用设备可由专业或非专业提供者使用。临床设备、家用设备或各自的一部分可以是便携式或可穿戴的。典型的临床设备包括听诊器、示波器、心电(ECG)监护仪、光电容积脉搏波(PPG)监测仪等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的家用设备包括示波器、家用心电(ECG)监护仪、血压计等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的便携设备包括听诊器、便携式心电(ECG)监护仪、光电容积脉搏波(PPG)等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的可穿戴设备包括眼镜111、肩带112、智能手表113、脚链114、腿带115、臂带116、胸带117、项链118等中的一种或多种的组合。上述提供的测量设备110的示例是用于说明的目的，无意限制本发明的范围。测量设备110可以是其它形式，包括如护指套、腕带、胸罩、内衣、胸带等中的一种或多种的组合。Themeasurement device 110 may be configured to measure the signal. The signal may be a cardiovascular signal. The signal may be related to or used to calculate or estimate the physiological parameter of interest.Measurement device 110 may include, for example, one or a combination of clinical devices, household devices, portable devices, wearable devices, and the like. As described herein, clinical devices are suitable for use with standards and/or specifications used in clinical settings including, for example, hospitals, doctors' offices, nursing homes, and the like. Clinical equipment may be used by or with the assistance of a healthcare provider. As described herein, household equipment meets applicable standards and/or specifications for use in the home or non-clinical setting. Home equipment can be used by professional or non-professional providers. The clinical device, home device or part of each may be portable or wearable. Typical clinical equipment includes one or a combination of stethoscopes, oscilloscopes, electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors, photoplethysmography (PPG) monitors, and the like. Typical home equipment includes one or a combination of oscilloscopes, home electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors, blood pressure monitors, and the like. Typical portable devices include one or a combination of stethoscopes, portable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors, photoplethysmography (PPG), and the like. A typical wearable device includes a combination of one or more of glasses 111 ,shoulder straps 112 ,smart watches 113 ,anklets 114 , leg straps 115 , arm straps 116 , chest straps 117 ,necklaces 118 , and the like. The examples ofmeasurement devices 110 provided above are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Themeasurement device 110 may be in other forms including, for example, a combination of one or more of a finger guard, wrist strap, bra, underwear, chest strap, and the like.

仅作为示例，测量设备110可配置为测量一个或多个心血管信号的可穿戴或便携式设备。在一些实施例中，所述可穿戴或便携式设备可处理测量到的信号中的至少一些信号、基于测量到的信号估计感兴趣生理参数、以如图像、音频警报等形式显示包括所述感兴趣生理参数的结果、与其它设备或服务器(如服务器120)进行有线或无线通信等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，所述可穿戴或便携式设备可与其它设备(如终端140)或服务器(如云服务器)通信。所述设备或服务器可对测量到信号中的至少一些信号进行处理、基于测量到的信号估计感兴趣生理参数、以如图像、音频警报等形式显示包括该感兴趣生理参数的结果等中的一种或多种的组合。For example only, themeasurement device 110 may be configured as a wearable or portable device that measures one or more cardiovascular signals. In some embodiments, the wearable or portable device may process at least some of the measured signals, estimate a physiological parameter of interest based on the measured signals, display in a form such as an image, an audio alert, etc. A combination of one or more of results of physiological parameters, wired or wireless communication with other devices or servers (eg, server 120), and the like. In some embodiments, the wearable or portable device may communicate with other devices (eg, terminal 140 ) or a server (eg, a cloud server). The device or server may process at least some of the measured signals, estimate a physiological parameter of interest based on the measured signals, display results including the physiological parameter of interest in a form such as an image, an audio alert, or the like. one or more combinations.

在一些实施例中，对测量到的信号进行处理、估计生理参数、显示结果或进行有线或无线通信的操作可由一个集成设备执行或由多个彼此之间相互连接或通信的独立设备执行。所述集成设备可以是便携式或可穿戴的。在一些实施例中，所述独立设备中的至少一些设备可以是便携式的或可穿戴式的，或者是位于主体的附近，监测所述主体的信号或估计或测量感兴趣生理参数。仅作为示例，所述主体可以穿戴配置为测量一个或多个心血管信号的测量设备110；所测量到的一个或多个心血管信号被传输至服务器，所述服务器可配置为基于测量到的信号计算或估计感兴趣生理参数；计算或估计后的感兴趣生理参数可被传回至所述主体或除所述主体以外的用户(例如医生、护理人员、与所述主体相关的家庭成员等中的一种或多种的组合)。In some embodiments, processing measured signals, estimating physiological parameters, displaying results, or communicating wired or wirelessly may be performed by one integrated device or by multiple separate devices interconnected or in communication with each other. The integrated device may be portable or wearable. In some embodiments, at least some of the stand-alone devices may be portable or wearable, or located in the vicinity of a subject, monitoring the subject's signals or estimating or measuring a physiological parameter of interest. For example only, the subject may wear ameasurement device 110 configured to measure one or more cardiovascular signals; the measured one or more cardiovascular signals are transmitted to a server, which may be configured to measure one or more cardiovascular signals based on the measured The signal calculates or estimates a physiological parameter of interest; the calculated or estimated physiological parameter of interest may be communicated back to the subject or to a user other than the subject (eg, doctor, caregiver, family member associated with the subject, etc. a combination of one or more).

在一些实施例中，测量设备110可以包括多种类型的传感器，例如电极传感器、光学传感器、光电传感器、压力传感器、加速度计、重力传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器等中的一种或多种的组合。测量设备可配置为监测和/或检测一种或多种类型的变量，所述一种或多种类型的变量包括温度、湿度、用户或主体的输入等中的一种或几种的组合。测量设备110还可以包括例如GPS接收器、位置传感器等定位系统，且位置信息可以通过网络150被传输至服务器120、外部数据源130、终端140等中的一种或多种的组合。所述位置信息和测量到的信号可同时或依次进行传输。In some embodiments,measurement device 110 may include various types of sensors, such as one or more of electrode sensors, optical sensors, photosensors, pressure sensors, accelerometers, gravity sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and the like combination. The measurement device may be configured to monitor and/or detect one or more types of variables including one or a combination of temperature, humidity, user or subject input, and the like. Themeasurement device 110 may also include a positioning system such as a GPS receiver, a position sensor, etc., and the position information may be transmitted through thenetwork 150 to one or a combination of one or more of theserver 120,external data source 130, terminal 140, and the like. The location information and the measured signal may be transmitted simultaneously or sequentially.

所述系统可以包括服务器或数据库或与所述服务器或数据库通信，用于存储库1100和/或算法121。所述服务器或数据库可以是服务器120。服务器120可以是云服务器。仅作为示例，服务器120可以在能提供存储能力、计算能力等中的一种或多种的组合的云服务器中执行。库1100可配置为收集或存储数据。所述数据可以包括个人数据、非个人数据或以上组合。所述数据可以包括静态数据、动态数据或以上组合。典型的静态数据可以包括关于主体的各种信息，包括身份、联系信息、出生日期、健康历史(例如，主体是否具有吸烟史、关于先前手术的信息、食物过敏、药物过敏、医疗史、遗传病史、家庭健康史等中的一种或多种的组合)、性别、国籍、身高、体重、职业、习惯(例如，与健康相关的习惯如运动习惯)、教育背景、兴趣爱好、婚姻状况、宗教信仰等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的动态数据可以包括主体当前健康状况、正在服用的药物、正在进行的治疗、食谱、在多个时间点或一段时期内与主体相关的生理信号或参数(如脉搏传导时间(PTT)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)等)等中的一种多种的组合。The system may include or be in communication with a server or database for therepository 1100 and/or thealgorithm 121 . The server or database may beserver 120 .Server 120 may be a cloud server. For example only,server 120 may execute in a cloud server that can provide a combination of one or more of storage capabilities, computing capabilities, and the like.Library 1100 may be configured to collect or store data. The data may include personal data, non-personal data, or a combination of the above. The data may include static data, dynamic data, or a combination of the above. Typical static data can include a variety of information about the subject, including identity, contact information, date of birth, health history (eg, does the subject have a history of smoking, information about previous surgeries, food allergies, drug allergies, medical history, genetic medical history) , family health history, etc.), gender, nationality, height, weight, occupation, habits (e.g., health-related habits such as exercise habits), educational background, interests, marital status, religion A combination of one or more of beliefs, etc. Typical dynamic data may include the subject's current health status, medications being taken, treatments being administered, diets, physiological signals or parameters relevant to the subject at various points in time or over a period of time (eg, pulse transit time (PTT), contractions Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), etc.), etc.

如本文所述，主体可以是人或动物，其信号或信息被获取，其生理参数被获取、估计或监测。仅作为示例，主体可以是病人，其心血管信号被获取，血压可以基于获取的心血管信号被估计或监测。As described herein, a subject may be a human or an animal whose signals or information are acquired and whose physiological parameters are acquired, estimated or monitored. For example only, the subject may be a patient whose cardiovascular signals are acquired and blood pressure may be estimated or monitored based on the acquired cardiovascular signals.

服务器120中的一个或多个算法121可用于数据处理或分析，如本发明其它地方所述。上述提供的对服务器120的描述仅用于说明的目的，无意限制本公开的范围。服务器120可以具有不同的结构或配置。例如，算法121不存储在服务器120中；可代替地，算法121可本地存储在终端140中。进一步地，库1100还可储存在终端140中。One ormore algorithms 121 inserver 120 may be used for data processing or analysis, as described elsewhere herein. The description ofserver 120 provided above is for illustration purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.Server 120 may have different structures or configurations. For example, thealgorithm 121 is not stored in theserver 120 ; alternatively, thealgorithm 121 may be stored locally in theterminal 140 . Further, thelibrary 1100 may also be stored in theterminal 140 .

外部数据源130可以包括各种组织、系统和设备等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的外部数据源130可以包括医疗机构131、研究机构132、传统设备133、和外围设备134等中的一种或多种的组合。医疗机构131或研究机构132可以提供如个人医疗记录、临床检验结果、实验研究结果、理论或数学研究结果、适用于处理数据的算法等中的一种或多种的组合。传统设备133可以包括心血管信号测量设备，如汞血压计。外围设备134可配置为监测和/或检测一种或多种类型的变量，包括如温度、湿度、用户或主体输入等中的一种或多种的组合。上述提及的外部数据源130和数据类型的示例是用于说明的目的，无意限制本公开的范围。例如，外部数据源130可以包括其它源和其它数据类型，如与主体或其家族相关的基因信息。External data sources 130 may include one or a combination of one or more of various organizations, systems, and devices, among others. Typicalexternal data sources 130 may include a combination of one or more ofmedical institutions 131,research institutions 132,legacy devices 133,peripheral devices 134, and the like. Themedical institution 131 orresearch institution 132 may provide, for example, one or a combination of one or more of personal medical records, clinical test results, experimental research results, theoretical or mathematical research results, algorithms suitable for processing data, and the like.Legacy devices 133 may include cardiovascular signal measurement devices, such as mercury sphygmomanometers.Peripherals 134 may be configured to monitor and/or detect one or more types of variables, including combinations of one or more of, for example, temperature, humidity, user or subject input, and the like. The examples ofexternal data sources 130 and data types mentioned above are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For example,external data sources 130 may include other sources and other data types, such as genetic information related to a subject or its family.

系统100中的终端140可配置为用于对测量到信号中的至少一些信号进行处理、基于测量到的心血管信号估计感兴趣生理参数、以如图像、存储数据等形式显示包括所述感兴趣生理参数的结果、控制对系统100或其一部分的访问(如对存储在系统100中或可以从系统100中读取的个人数据的访问)、对来自主体或与主体相关的输入输出进行管理等中的一种或多种的组合。终端140可以包括，如移动设备141(如智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等)、个人电脑142、其它设备143等中的一种或多种的组合。其它设备143可以包括可独立运行的设备或组装在其它设备中(例如，智能家居终端)的处理单元或处理模块。仅作为示例，终端140包括测量设备110中的中央处理器(CPU)或处理器。在一些实施例中，终端140可以包括图2所示的引擎200，终端140还可以包括测量设备110。The terminal 140 in thesystem 100 may be configured to process at least some of the measured signals, estimate physiological parameters of interest based on the measured cardiovascular signals, display in a form such as an image, stored data, etc. Results of physiological parameters, controlling access tosystem 100 or a portion thereof (eg, access to personal data stored in or readable from system 100), managing input and output from or related to the subject, etc. A combination of one or more of.Terminal 140 may include, for example, one or a combination of mobile devices 141 (eg, smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc.),personal computers 142,other devices 143, and the like.Other devices 143 may include independently operable devices or processing units or processing modules assembled in other devices (eg, smart home terminals). For example only, the terminal 140 includes a central processing unit (CPU) or processor in themeasurement device 110 . In some embodiments, the terminal 140 may include theengine 200 shown in FIG. 2 , and the terminal 140 may further include themeasurement device 110 .

网络150可以是单一的网络或多个网络的组合。例如，网络150还可以是局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、公共网络、私有网络、专用网络、公共电话交换网络(PSTN)、互联网、无线网络、虚拟网络或其任意的组合。网络150还可以包括各种网络接入点，例如，基站或互联网交换点等有线或无线接入点(图1未示)，数据源或上述的系统100的任意部件可通过这些网络接入点连接至网络150，从而通过网络150传输信息。Network 150 may be a single network or a combination of multiple networks. For example,network 150 may also be a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), public network, private network, private network, public switched telephone network (PSTN), Internet, wireless network, virtual network, or any combination thereof. Thenetwork 150 may also include various network access points, eg, wired or wireless access points such as base stations or Internet exchange points (not shown in FIG. 1 ), through which data sources or any components of thesystem 100 described above may pass. Connect to thenetwork 150 to transmit information through thenetwork 150 .

系统100的各部件或可从系统100访问的各部件可以包括内存或电子存储介质。这种部件可以包括如测量设备110、服务器120、外部数据源130、终端140、图2中所描述的外围设备240等中的一种或多种的组合。系统100中任意部件的内存或电子存储介质可以包括系统存储器(如磁盘)，以及可移动存储器中的至少一个，其中所述系统存储器可以集成于所述部件(基本不可拆卸)，所述可移动存储器可通过如端口(例如，USB端口、火线端口等)或驱动器(例如，磁盘驱动器等)可移动地连接至所述部件。系统100中任意部件的内存或电子存储介质可以包括一个或多个虚拟存储资源(如云存储、虚拟私人网络和/或其它虚拟存储资源)或与所述一个或多个虚拟存储资源可连接地操作。Components ofsystem 100 or components accessible fromsystem 100 may include memory or electronic storage media. Such components may include one or a combination of one or more ofmeasurement devices 110,servers 120,external data sources 130,terminals 140,peripheral devices 240 described in FIG. 2, and the like. The memory or electronic storage medium of any component insystem 100 may include at least one of system memory (eg, magnetic disk), and removable storage, wherein the system memory may be integrated with the component (substantially non-removable), the removable storage The memory may be removably connected to the components through, for example, a port (eg, a USB port, a Firewire port, etc.) or a drive (eg, a disk drive, etc.). The memory or electronic storage media of any component insystem 100 may include or be connectable to one or more virtual storage resources (eg, cloud storage, virtual private network, and/or other virtual storage resources) operate.

系统100中的内存或电子存储介质可以包括动态存储设备，用于存储信息和指令，所述指令可以由系统芯片(SoC，例如，包括处理器的芯片集)的处理器、其它处理器(或计算单元)等中的一种或多种的组合加以执行。所述内存或电子存储介质还可用于存储处理器执行指令期间的临时变量或其它中间信息。整个或部分内存或电子存储介质可被实施为双列直插存储器模块(DIMMs)，且可以是以下内存类型中的一种或多种：静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、突发静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)或同步突发静态随机存取存储器(BSRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、快速页面模式的动态随机存取存储器(FPM DRAM)、增强型动态随机存取存储器(EDRAM)、扩展数据输出随机存取存储器(EDO RAM)、扩展数据输出动态随机存取存储器(EDO DRAM)、突发扩展数据输出动态随机存取存储器(BEDO DRAM)、增强型动态随机存取存储器(EDRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(SDRAM)、JEDECS随机存取存储器、PCIOOS动态随机存取存储器、双倍数据速率动态随机存取存储器(DDR SDRAM)、增强型动态随机存取存储器(ESDRAM)、SyncLink动态随机存取存储器(SLDRAM)、直接Rambus动态随机存取存储器(DRDRAM)、铁电随机存取存储器(FRAM)或其它任意类型内存设备。所述内存或电子存储介质还可以包括只读存储器(ROM)和/或配置为用于存储静态信息和SoC处理器和/或其它处理器(如计算单元)的指令的其它静态存储设备。进一步地，所述内存或电子存储介质可以包括磁盘、光盘或闪存设备以存储信息和指令。Memory or electronic storage media insystem 100 may include dynamic storage devices for storing information and instructions, which may be generated by a processor of a system-on-chip (SoC, eg, a chipset including a processor), other processors (or A combination of one or more of the computing units) and the like are executed. The memory or electronic storage medium may also be used to store temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions by the processor. All or part of the memory or electronic storage medium may be implemented as dual inline memory modules (DIMMs) and may be one or more of the following memory types: static random access memory (SRAM), burst static random access memory Access Memory (SRAM) or Burst Synchronous Static Random Access Memory (BSRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Fast Page Mode Dynamic Random Access Memory (FPM DRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDRAM) ), extended data output random access memory (EDO RAM), extended data output dynamic random access memory (EDO DRAM), burst extended data output dynamic random access memory (BEDO DRAM), enhanced dynamic random access memory ( EDRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), JEDECS Random Access Memory, PCIOOS DRAM, Double Data Rate Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (ESDRAM) , SyncLink Dynamic Random Access Memory (SLDRAM), Direct Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRDRAM), Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM), or any other type of memory device. The memory or electronic storage medium may also include read only memory (ROM) and/or other static storage devices configured to store static information and instructions for the SoC processor and/or other processors (eg, computing units). Further, the memory or electronic storage medium may comprise magnetic, optical or flash memory devices to store information and instructions.

在一些实施例中，所述系统芯片(SoC)可以是系统100中部件的核心处理或计算单元的一部分或可从系统100访问的部件的核心处理或计算单元的一部分。所述系统芯片(SoC)可配置为接收并处理输入数据和指令、提供输出和/或控制系统的其它部件。在一些实施例中，所述系统芯片(SoC)可以包括微处理器、存储控制器、存储器和外围部件。所述微处理器可以进一步包括缓存存储器(如SRAM)，其与所述系统芯片(SoC)的存储器都是用于存储指令和数据的内存层次结构的一部分。所述微处理器还可以包括一个或多个逻辑模块如现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它逻辑阵列。可通过存储控制器(或芯片集)促进所述系统芯片(SoC)中微处理器和存储器之间的通信，也会促进与外围部件的通信，如计时器、实时定时器、上电复位发生器等中的一种或多种的组合。所述系统芯片(SoC)还可以包括其它部件，包括如定时源(如振荡器、锁相环等)、电压调节器、电源管理电路等中的一种或多种的组合。In some embodiments, the system-on-chip (SoC) may be part of a core processing or computing unit of a component insystem 100 or part of a core processing or computing unit of a component accessible fromsystem 100 . The system-on-chip (SoC) may be configured to receive and process input data and instructions, provide output, and/or control other components of the system. In some embodiments, the system-on-chip (SoC) may include a microprocessor, memory controller, memory, and peripheral components. The microprocessor may further include cache memory (eg, SRAM) that, along with the memory of the system-on-chip (SoC), are part of a memory hierarchy for storing instructions and data. The microprocessor may also include one or more logic modules such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other logic array. Communication between the microprocessor and memory in the system-on-chip (SoC) may be facilitated by a memory controller (or chipset), as well as communication with peripheral components such as timers, real-time timers, power-on-reset occurrences A combination of one or more of the devices, etc. The system-on-chip (SoC) may also include other components including, for example, a combination of one or more of timing sources (eg, oscillators, phase-locked loops, etc.), voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like.

仅作为示例，系统100可以包括可穿戴或便携式设备。所沪可穿戴或便携式设备可以包括系统芯片(SoC)和多个传感器。典型的传感器可以包括光电传感器、电导传感器等中的一种或多种的组。所述系统芯片(SoC)可通过所述多个传感器中的至少部分的传感器对获取的信号进行处理。所获取的信号可以是各种生理信号，包括，例如光电容积脉搏波(PPG)、心电图(ECG)等中的一种或多种的组合。所述系统芯片(SoC)可基于获取的信号计算感兴趣生理参数。典型的感兴趣生理参数可以是血压等中的一种或多种的组合。For example only,system 100 may include a wearable or portable device. All wearable or portable devices can include a system-on-chip (SoC) and multiple sensors. Typical sensors may include a group of one or more of photoelectric sensors, conductivity sensors, and the like. The system-on-chip (SoC) may process the acquired signals by at least some of the plurality of sensors. The acquired signals may be various physiological signals including, for example, a combination of one or more of photoplethysmography (PPG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and the like. The system-on-chip (SoC) can calculate physiological parameters of interest based on the acquired signals. A typical physiological parameter of interest may be one or a combination of one or more of blood pressure and the like.

在一些实施例中，外部数据源130可通过网络150接收来自测量设备110、服务器120、终端140等中的一种或多种的组合的数据。仅作为示例，外部数据源130(如医疗机构或智能家居系统等)可基于从测量设备110或终端140接收的数据接收与主体相关的信息(如位置信息、来自云服务器或终端的数据等中的一种或多种的组合)。在一些实施例中，测量设备110可通过网络150接收来自服务器120、外部数据源130等中的一种或多种的组合的数据。仅作为示例，测量设备110可接收与主体相关的信息(如主体当前/历史健康状况、正在服用的药物、正在进行的治疗、当前/历史饮食、当前情绪状态、与主体有关的历史生理参数(例如，PTT、SBP、DBP)等中的一种或多种的组合)。进一步地，终端140可接收来自测量设备110、服务器120、外部数据源130等中的一种或几种的组合的数据。In some embodiments,external data source 130 may receive data from a combination of one or more ofmeasurement device 110 ,server 120 , terminal 140 , and the like overnetwork 150 . For example only, the external data source 130 (such as a medical institution or a smart home system, etc.) may receive information related to the subject (such as location information, data from a cloud server or terminal, etc.) based on data received from themeasurement device 110 or the terminal 140 . a combination of one or more). In some embodiments,measurement device 110 may receive data overnetwork 150 from a combination of one or more ofserver 120,external data sources 130, and the like. By way of example only,measurement device 110 may receive information related to the subject (eg, subject's current/historical health status, medications being taken, treatments in progress, current/historical diet, current emotional state, historical physiological parameters related to the subject ( For example, a combination of one or more of PTT, SBP, DBP), etc.). Further, the terminal 140 may receive data from one or a combination of themeasurement device 110, theserver 120, theexternal data source 130, and the like.

图1是系统100的一个具体实施例，系统100的配置不限于图1所示。例如，服务器120可以省略，并将其所有的功能转移至终端140。又例如，服务器120和终端140都可以省略，并将两者所有的功能转移至测量设备110。在不同是实施例中，系统可以包括各种设备或设备的组合。FIG. 1 is a specific embodiment of thesystem 100 , and the configuration of thesystem 100 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1 . For example, theserver 120 may be omitted and all its functions transferred to the terminal 140 . For another example, both theserver 120 and the terminal 140 can be omitted, and all functions of the two can be transferred to themeasurement device 110 . In different embodiments, the system may include various devices or combinations of devices.

在一个示例中，所述系统可以包括可穿戴或便携式设备以及移动设备(如智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等)。所述可穿戴或便携式设备可用于获取生理信号、环境信息等中的一种或多种的组合。移动设备可用于接收由所述可穿戴或便携式设备获取的信号或信息。所述移动设备可基于获取的信号或信息以及从其它源(如服务器)检索到的相关数据计算一个或多个感兴趣生理参数。所述检索到的相关数据可以包括，例如存储在服务器上的当前/历史信息。典型的当前/历史信息可以包括主体当前/历史健康状况、当前/历史服用的药物、当前/历史进行的治疗、当前/历史饮食、当前/历史情绪状态、与主体有关的当前/历史生理参数(例如，PTT、SBP、DBP)等中的一种或多种的组合。所述可穿戴或便携式设备或所述移动设备可显示、报告或存储至少部分的获取的信号、信息、检索到的相关数据、计算获得的一个或多个感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合中。显示结果或报告可提供给主体、用户、第三方、服务器或其它设备。In one example, the system may include wearable or portable devices as well as mobile devices (eg, smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc.). The wearable or portable device may be used to acquire one or a combination of physiological signals, environmental information, and the like. A mobile device may be used to receive signals or information acquired by the wearable or portable device. The mobile device may calculate one or more physiological parameters of interest based on the acquired signals or information and related data retrieved from other sources (eg, servers). The retrieved relevant data may include, for example, current/historical information stored on the server. Typical current/historical information may include the subject's current/historical health status, current/historical medications taken, current/historical treatments performed, current/historical diet, current/historical emotional state, current/historical physiological parameters associated with the subject ( For example, a combination of one or more of PTT, SBP, DBP) and the like. The wearable or portable device or the mobile device may display, report or store at least a portion of one or more of acquired signals, information, retrieved relevant data, computationally derived one or more physiological parameters of interest, etc. in various combinations. Display results or reports may be provided to subjects, users, third parties, servers or other devices.

在另一示例中，所述系统可以包括可穿戴或便携式设备，配置为执行以下功能，包括：获取生理信号或环境信息，从其它源(如服务器)检索相关数据，基于获取的信号、信息或检索到的相关数据计算一个或多个感兴趣生理参数，以及显示、报告或存储至少部分的获取的信号、信息、检索到的相关数据、计算的一个或多个感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合中。显示结果或报告可提供给主体、主体以外的用户、第三方、服务器或其它设备。In another example, the system may include a wearable or portable device configured to perform functions including: acquiring physiological signals or environmental information, retrieving relevant data from other sources (eg, servers), based on acquired signals, information or The retrieved relevant data calculates one or more physiological parameters of interest, and displays, reports or stores at least a portion of the acquired signals, information, retrieved relevant data, calculated one or more physiological parameters of interest, etc. one or more combinations. Display results or reports may be provided to the subject, users other than the subject, third parties, servers or other devices.

在又一个示例中，所述系统可以包括可穿戴或便携式设备，所述可穿戴或便携式设备配置为执行以下功能，包括：获取生理信号和环境信息，与服务器通信使得所获取的信号的至少部分信号可以传输至所述服务器，以使所述服务器可计算一个或多个感兴趣生理参数，从服务器接收所述计算获得的一个或多个感兴趣生理参数，显示、报告或存储至少部分的所述获取的信号、信息、计算获得的一个或多个感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合中。显示结果或报告可提供给主体、主体以外的用户、第三方、服务器或其它设备。在一些实施例中，所述可穿戴或便携式设备与服务器之间的通信可通过将所述可穿戴或便携式设备连接至网络(如网络150)来实现。在一些实施例中，所述可穿戴或便携式设备与服务器之间的通信可通过与两者之间都通信的通信设备(例如，智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等移动设备)来实现。In yet another example, the system may include a wearable or portable device configured to perform functions including acquiring physiological signals and environmental information, communicating with a server such that at least a portion of the acquired signals Signals may be transmitted to the server such that the server may calculate one or more physiological parameters of interest, receive the calculated one or more physiological parameters of interest from the server, display, report or store at least a portion of all physiological parameters of interest. in a combination of one or more of the acquired signals, information, one or more computationally acquired physiological parameters of interest, and the like. Display results or reports may be provided to the subject, users other than the subject, third parties, servers or other devices. In some embodiments, the communication between the wearable or portable device and the server may be accomplished by connecting the wearable or portable device to a network (eg, network 150). In some embodiments, the communication between the wearable or portable device and the server may be achieved through a communication device (eg, a mobile device such as a smartphone, tablet, laptop, etc.) that communicates with both.

在又一个示例中，所述系统可以包括可穿戴或便携式设备、移动设备(如智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等)、以及服务器。所述可穿戴或便携式设备可用于获取生理信号、环境信息等中的一种或多种的组合。所述移动设备可用于接收由所述可穿戴或便携式设备获取的信号或信息，并可基于所述接收的信号和/或信息以及从其它源(如服务器)检索到的相关数据计算一个或多个感兴趣生理参数。所述移动设备可显示、报告或存储至少部分的所获取的信号、信息、检索到的相关数据、所述计算获得的一个或多个感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合中。显示结果或报告可提供给主体、主体以外的用户、第三方、服务器或其它设备。In yet another example, the system may include wearable or portable devices, mobile devices (eg, smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc.), and servers. The wearable or portable device may be used to acquire one or a combination of physiological signals, environmental information, and the like. The mobile device may be configured to receive signals or information acquired by the wearable or portable device and may calculate one or more based on the received signals and/or information and related data retrieved from other sources such as servers. a physiological parameter of interest. The mobile device may display, report, or store at least a portion of one or more of the acquired signals, information, retrieved relevant data, the computationally derived one or more physiological parameters of interest, and the like in a combination of one or more. . Display results or reports may be provided to the subject, users other than the subject, third parties, servers or other devices.

在一些实施例中，所述系统可用于提供用户界面，以使主体、主体以外的用户或实体与本申请所述的系统交换信息(包括向所述系统输入或从所述系统输出)。所述用户界面可在终端设备上执行，所述终端设备包括，例如，移动设备、计算机等的一种或多种的组合。具有适当访问权限的人可被允许访问系统。访问权限可以包括，例如，读取与主体相关的部分或全部信息，更新与主体相关的部分或全部信息等权限。仅作为示例，所述系统可提供三层访问权限。第一层访问权限可以包括对与主体相关的信息的完全访问权限，允许接收和和更新与主体相关的信息。第二层访问权限可以包括对与主体相关的信息的部分访问权限，允许接收和更新与主体相关的部分信息。第三层访问权限可以包括对与主体相关的信息的最小访问权限，允许接收和和更新与主体相关的部分信息。不同的登录凭证可与所述系统中与主体相关的信息的不同访问权限相关。如本文所述，更新可以包括提供所述系统中不存在的信息或用新信息修改已经存在的信息。In some embodiments, the system may be used to provide a user interface to enable subjects, users or entities other than subjects to exchange information (including input to or output from) the systems described herein. The user interface may be executed on a terminal device including, for example, one or a combination of one or more of a mobile device, a computer, and the like. People with appropriate access rights can be allowed to access the system. Access rights may include, for example, rights to read some or all of the information related to the subject, update some or all of the information related to the subject, etc. For example only, the system may provide three tiers of access rights. The first tier of access rights may include full access rights to subject-related information, allowing the receipt and updating of subject-related information. The second tier of access rights may include partial access rights to subject-related information, allowing partial subject-related information to be received and updated. The third tier of access rights may include minimal access rights to subject-related information, allowing for receiving and updating part of subject-related information. Different login credentials may be associated with different access rights to subject-related information in the system. As described herein, updating may include providing information that does not exist in the system or modifying information that already exists with new information.

仅作为示例，所述系统可接收通过用户界面提供的与主体相关的信息。所述与主体相关的信息可以包括基本信息和可选信息。典型的基本信息可以包括身高、体重、年龄(出生日期)、性别、手臂长度、国籍、职业、习惯(例如，运动习惯等与健康相关的习惯)、教育背景、爱好、婚姻状况、宗教信仰、健康史(例如，主体是否有吸烟历史、食物过敏、药物过敏、医疗历史、家庭健康史、遗传病史、先前手术相关信息等中的一种或多种的组合)、联系信息、紧急联系人等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的可选信息可以包括主体当前健康状况、正在服用的药物、正在进行的医学治疗、饮食。所述系统可通过所述用户界面接收与具体测量相关的信息，例如感兴趣生理参数。此类信息可以包括主体在获取时间(在本公开其它地方限定)或获取时间前后的运动状态、在获取时间或获取时间前后的情绪状态、在获取时间或获取时间前后的压力水平等中的一种或多种的组合。所述系统可通过所述用户界面接收一种或多种选项或指令。在一些实施例中，所述选项或指令可由回答问题、根据问题或系统提示进行选择的主体或主体以外的用户提供。在一个示例中，所述选项或指令可以包括测量频率(如每周一次、每月一次、每周两次、每月两次、每天一次、每天两次)以及向主体或主体以外的用户展示信息所喜爱的形式(如电子邮件、语音信息、短信、音频警报、触觉反馈等中的一种或多种的组合)。在另一个示例中，所述选项和指令可以包括与计算感兴趣参数相关的信息，例如，关于如何选择模型、函数和标定数据等中的一种或多种的组合。For example only, the system may receive subject-related information provided through a user interface. The subject-related information may include basic information and optional information. Typical basic information can include height, weight, age (date of birth), gender, arm length, nationality, occupation, habits (eg, health-related habits such as exercise habits), educational background, hobbies, marital status, religious beliefs, Health history (eg, does the subject have a combination of one or more of smoking history, food allergies, drug allergies, medical history, family health history, genetic medical history, prior surgery related information, etc.), contact information, emergency contacts, etc. A combination of one or more of. Typical optional information may include the subject's current health status, medications being taken, medical treatments being administered, diet. The system may receive information related to a particular measurement, such as a physiological parameter of interest, through the user interface. Such information may include one of the subject's motion state at or around the acquisition time (defined elsewhere in this disclosure), emotional state at or around the acquisition time, stress levels at or around the acquisition time, and the like. one or more combinations. The system may receive one or more options or instructions through the user interface. In some embodiments, the options or instructions may be provided by the subject answering the question, making the selection based on the question or system prompt, or a user other than the subject. In one example, the options or instructions may include measuring frequency (eg, once a week, once a month, twice a week, twice a month, once a day, twice a day) and presenting to the subject or users other than the subject The preferred form of information (eg, a combination of one or more of emails, voice messages, text messages, audio alerts, haptic feedback, etc.). In another example, the options and instructions may include information related to computing the parameter of interest, eg, how to select a combination of one or more of models, functions, and calibration data, among others.

在一些实施例中，所述系统可通过所述用户界面向主体或主体以外的用户提供信息。典型的信息可以包括警告、推荐、提醒等中的一种或多种的组合。在一个示例中，如果触发事件发生，可向主体或主体以外的用户提供或显示警告。典型的触发事件可以是至少部分的所获取的信息或感兴趣生理参数超过一个阈值。仅作为示例，触发事件可以是所获取的心率超过一个阈值(例如，高于每分钟150次、低于每分钟40次等)。又例如，触发事件可以是感兴趣生理参数，例如，估算的血压，超过一个阈值。又例如，可以向主体或主体以外的用户提供或显示推荐。典型的推荐可以是输入数据的请求(如基本信息、可选信息、更新的感兴趣参数、更新的模型、更新的函数、更新的选项和指令等中的一种或多种的组合)。可以向主体或主体以外的用户提供或显示提醒。典型的提醒可以包括提醒服用处方药、休息、测量感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合。In some embodiments, the system may provide information to the subject or a user outside the subject through the user interface. Typical messages may include one or a combination of warnings, recommendations, reminders, and the like. In one example, if a triggering event occurs, an alert may be provided or displayed to the subject or to a user outside the subject. A typical trigger event may be that at least part of the acquired information or physiological parameter of interest exceeds a threshold. For example only, a trigger event may be an acquired heart rate exceeding a threshold (eg, above 150 beats per minute, below 40 beats per minute, etc.). As another example, a trigger event may be a physiological parameter of interest, eg, estimated blood pressure, exceeding a threshold. As another example, recommendations may be provided or displayed to the subject or to users outside the subject. A typical recommendation may be a request for input data (eg, a combination of one or more of basic information, optional information, updated parameters of interest, updated models, updated functions, updated options and instructions, etc.). Alerts can be provided or displayed to the subject or to users outside the subject. Typical reminders may include reminders to take prescription medications, take breaks, measure physiological parameters of interest, and a combination of one or more.

在一些实施例中，所述系统可通过所述用户界面与主体、主体以外的用户和/或第三方通信。典型的第三方可以是医生、护工、医疗机构、研究机构、主体或与主体联系良好的用户的外围设备等。典型的通信可与主体的健康状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯、处方药、进行测量的指令或步骤等中的一种或多种的组合相关。在一些实施例中，可访问第三方或可被第三方访问的用户界面可与可访问主体或可被主体访问的用户界面相同或不同。例如，输出或数据可被传输至第三方(例如，计算机、医生办公室终端、健康护理提供者所在且主体健康状况正被监测的医院等中的一种或多种的组合)。所述第三方可通过用户界面提供与输出信息相关的反馈信息或指令。仅作为示例，第三方可接收关于与主体相关的一个或多个感兴趣生理参数的信息，并相应地提供主体应采取的行动推荐(如服用处方药、休息、联系或访问第三方等中的一种或多种的组合)；系统可将所述推荐转达至主体。In some embodiments, the system may communicate with the subject, users outside the subject, and/or third parties through the user interface. A typical third party can be a doctor, a nurse, a medical institution, a research institution, a subject, or a peripheral device of a user well-connected to the subject, etc. Typical communications may relate to a combination of one or more of the subject's health status, eating habits, exercise habits, prescription medications, instructions or steps to take measurements, and the like. In some embodiments, the user interface accessible to or accessible by the third party may be the same or different from the user interface accessible to or accessible by the principal. For example, the output or data may be transmitted to a third party (eg, a combination of one or more of a computer, a doctor's office terminal, a hospital where the health care provider is located and the subject's health is being monitored, etc.). The third party may provide feedback information or instructions related to the output information through the user interface. By way of example only, a third party may receive information about one or more physiological parameters of interest associated with the subject and accordingly provide recommendations for actions the subject should take (such as taking prescribed medication, resting, contacting or visiting a third party, etc.). one or a combination of more); the system may relay the recommendation to the subject.

图2是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的图1所示系统中的引擎200的示意图。引擎200可配置为用于获取一个或多个信号并基于所获取的信号计算或估计一个或多个感兴趣生理参数。如图所示，引擎200可连接或与，例如外围设备240和服务器120通信。引擎200可以包括信息获取模块210、分析模块220和输出模块230。信息获取模块210可配置为用于获取与主体相关的信号或信息，例如生理信号、与主体健康状况相关的信息等中的一种或多种的组合。分析模块220可配置为用于分析所获取的信号或信息，或确定或估计一个感兴趣生理参数，或两者兼备。输出模块230可配置为用于输出所获取的信号或信息、感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合。如本文所述，模块可具有独立的处理器，或使用系统共享的处理器。所述处理器可根据与多个模块相关的指令执行功能。例如，分析模块220可根据相关指令对获取的信号进行检索并执行计算，以获取一个或多个感兴趣生理参数。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram ofengine 200 in the system shown in FIG. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention.Engine 200 may be configured to acquire one or more signals and calculate or estimate one or more physiological parameters of interest based on the acquired signals. As shown,engine 200 may connect to or communicate with, for example,peripherals 240 andserver 120 . Theengine 200 may include aninformation acquisition module 210 , ananalysis module 220 and anoutput module 230 . Theinformation acquisition module 210 may be configured to acquire signals or information related to the subject, such as a combination of one or more of physiological signals, information related to the health condition of the subject, and the like.Analysis module 220 may be configured to analyze acquired signals or information, or to determine or estimate a physiological parameter of interest, or both. Theoutput module 230 may be configured to output one or a combination of acquired signals or information, physiological parameters of interest, and the like. As described herein, modules may have independent processors, or use processors shared by the system. The processor may perform functions according to instructions associated with a plurality of modules. For example, theanalysis module 220 may retrieve the acquired signals and perform calculations according to the relevant instructions to obtain one or more physiological parameters of interest.

信息获取模块210可配置为用于获取来自一个或多个主体或与一个或多个主体相关的信号或信息。如本文所述，所述获取可通过接收，例如使用传感器感测、检测或测量到的信号或信息的方式实现，或通过接收来自主体或主体以外的用户(如医生、护理人员、与主体相关的家庭成员等中的一种或多种的组合)的输入实现。为了简洁，获取的信号或信息可称为获取的信息。如本文所述，信息可以包括通过设备包括，例如传感器获取的与主体相关的信号、通过设备包括，例如传感器获取的环境信息、其它获取的信息，包括例如通过主体或主体以外的用户的输入获取的信息、对所述获取信息处理或预处理后的信息等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的传感器可以包括电极传感器、光学传感器、光电传感器、压力传感器、加速计、重力传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器等中的一种或多种的组合。Information acquisition module 210 may be configured to acquire signals or information from or related to one or more subjects. As described herein, such obtaining may be accomplished by receiving, for example, signals or information sensed, detected or measured using sensors, or by receiving signals or information from the subject or a user other than the subject (eg, a doctor, caregiver, associated with the subject) The input implementation of one or more of the family members, etc.). For brevity, the acquired signal or information may be referred to as acquired information. As described herein, information may include signals associated with a subject acquired by a device including, for example, sensors, environmental information acquired by a device, including, for example, a sensor, other acquired information, including, for example, input by a subject or a user other than the subject A combination of one or more of the acquired information, the information processed or preprocessed, and the like. Typical sensors may include one or a combination of electrode sensors, optical sensors, photosensors, pressure sensors, accelerometers, gravity sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and the like.

典型的获取的信息可以包括生理信息。在确定血压的典型情况下，所述生理信息可以包括心血管信号。典型的心血管信号可以包括光电容积脉搏波(PPG)信号、心电图(ECG)信号、心冲击图(BCG)信号、血压(BP)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉搏率(PR)、心率(HR)、心率变异(HRV)、心脏杂音、血氧饱和度、血液密度、血液pH值、肠鸣音、脑电波、脂肪含量、血流量等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的获取的信息可以包括关于主体的信息，例如，身高、体重、年龄、性别、体温、手臂长度、病史等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的获取的信息可以包括在获取时间或获取时间前后来自主体周围环境的信息或与其周围环境相关的信息。典型的环境信息可以包括温度、湿度、气压、空气流量、环境光强度等中的一种或多种的组合。如本文所述，所述获取时间可指获取如主体生理信息等与主体相关的信息的时间点或时间段。Typical acquired information may include physiological information. In the typical case of determining blood pressure, the physiological information may include cardiovascular signals. Typical cardiovascular signals may include photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, ballistic cardiogram (BCG) signals, blood pressure (BP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate ( PR), heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), heart murmur, blood oxygen saturation, blood density, blood pH, bowel sounds, brain waves, fat content, blood flow, etc. combination. Typical acquired information may include information about the subject, eg, a combination of one or more of height, weight, age, gender, body temperature, arm length, medical history, and the like. Typical acquired information may include information from or related to the subject's surroundings at or around the acquisition time. Typical environmental information may include one or a combination of temperature, humidity, air pressure, air flow, ambient light intensity, and the like. As described herein, the acquisition time may refer to a point in time or period of time at which information related to the subject, such as the subject's physiological information, is acquired.

信息获取模块210可配置为接收或加载来自外围设备240、服务器120或其它设备(未示出)的信息包括如ECG监测器、PPG监测器、呼吸监测器、脑电波监测器、血糖监测器以及具有类似功能的设备。外围设备240可以包括智能手表、耳机、眼镜、手镯、项链等中的一种或多种的组合。外围设备240、服务器120或其它设备可是本地或远程的。例如，服务器120和引擎200可通过局域网(LAN)或互联网连接。外围装备240和引擎200可通过局域网或互联网连接。其它设备和引擎200可通过局域网或互联网连接。信息获取模块210和外围装备240、服务器120或此类其它设备之间的信息传输可通过有线连接、无线连接等中的一种或多种的组合进行。Information acquisition module 210 may be configured to receive or load information fromperipheral devices 240,server 120, or other devices (not shown) including, for example, ECG monitors, PPG monitors, respiration monitors, brain wave monitors, blood glucose monitors, and devices with similar capabilities.Peripherals 240 may include one or a combination of smart watches, headphones, glasses, bracelets, necklaces, and the like.Peripherals 240,server 120, or other devices may be local or remote. For example,server 120 andengine 200 may be connected through a local area network (LAN) or the Internet.Peripherals 240 andengine 200 may be connected via a local area network or the Internet. Other devices andengines 200 may be connected via a local area network or the Internet. Information transfer betweeninformation acquisition module 210 andperipheral equipment 240,server 120, or such other devices may be through one or a combination of wired connections, wireless connections, and the like.

信息获取模块210可配置为接收由主体或主体以外的用户通过，例如输入设备提供的信息。所述输入设备可以包括但不限于键盘、触摸屏(例如，具有触觉或触觉反馈)、语音输入设备、眼睛跟踪输入设备、大脑监控系统等中的一种或多种的组合。通过输入设备接收的信息可通过，例如总线传输至处理器进行进一步处理。用于进一步处理从输入设备获取的信息的处理器可以包括数字信号处理器(DSP)、系统芯片(SoC)、微处理器等中的一种或多种的组合。其它类型的输入设备可以包括光标控制设备，例如鼠标、追踪球或光标方向键等，以向，例如处理器传达关于方向和/或命令选择的信息。Theinformation acquisition module 210 may be configured to receive information provided by the subject or a user other than the subject through, for example, an input device. The input device may include, but is not limited to, a keyboard, a touch screen (eg, with tactile or tactile feedback), a voice input device, an eye-tracking input device, a brain monitoring system, or a combination of one or more. Information received via the input device may be transmitted, eg, via a bus, to the processor for further processing. The processor for further processing the information obtained from the input device may include one or a combination of a digital signal processor (DSP), a system-on-chip (SoC), a microprocessor, and the like. Other types of input devices may include cursor control devices, such as a mouse, trackball, or cursor direction keys, etc., to convey information regarding direction and/or command selection to, for example, a processor.

上述信息获取模块210的描述仅仅处于说明性的，并不限度本发明的范围。对于本领域技术人员而言，多种替代、修改和变化都是显而易见的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其它特征可以以各种方式组合起来，从而获得附加和/或替代的示例性实施例。例如，可将存储单元(图2未示)添加至信息获取模块210，用于储存获取的信息。The above description of theinformation acquisition module 210 is merely illustrative and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, a storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may be added to theinformation acquisition module 210 for storing the acquired information.

分析模块220可配置为用于分析获取的信息。分析模块220可连接一个或多个信息获取模块210-1、210-2、……、210-N或与一个或多个信息获取模块210-1、210-2、……、210-N通信，以接收至少部分获取的信息。分析模块220可配置为用于执行一个或多个操作，包括，例如预处理、计算、标定、统计分析等中的一种或多种的组合。所述操作中的任意一个操作都可基于至少部分的获取的信息或来自另一个操作(如由分析模块220或系统100另一部件执行的操作)的中间结果加以执行。例如，所述分析可以包括一个或多个操作，包括对至少部分的获取的信息进行预处理、识别获取的信息或预处理信息的特征点或特征、基于已识别的特征点或特征计算中间结果、执行标定、对由主体或主体以外的用户提供的关于主体的信息进行分析、对获取时间或获取时间前后关于主体周围环境的信息进行分析、估计感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合。Theanalysis module 220 may be configured to analyze the acquired information. Theanalysis module 220 may be connected to or in communication with one or more information acquisition modules 210-1, 210-2, ..., 210-N , to receive at least part of the acquired information.Analysis module 220 may be configured to perform one or more operations including, for example, a combination of one or more of preprocessing, computation, calibration, statistical analysis, and the like. Any of the described operations may be performed based at least in part on the acquired information or intermediate results from another operation (eg, an operation performed by theanalysis module 220 or another component of the system 100). For example, the analysis may include one or more operations including preprocessing at least a portion of the acquired information, identifying feature points or features of the acquired information or preprocessed information, computing intermediate results based on the identified feature points or features , perform calibration, analyze information about the subject provided by the subject or by a user other than the subject, analyze information about the subject's surroundings at or before and after acquisition time, estimate physiological parameters of interest, etc. The combination.

所述分析中的一些操作可并行执行或串行执行。如本文所述，并行行为可以指所述分析中的一些操作可在相同时间或相同时间前后进行；串行行为可以指所述分析中的一些操作可在所述分析中的其它操作之后开始或加以执行。在一些实施例中，所述分析中的至少两个操作可并行执行。在一些实施例中，所述分析中的至少两个操作可串行执行。在一些实施例中，所述分析中的一些操作可并行执行，一些操作可串行执行。Some of the operations in the analysis can be performed in parallel or in series. As described herein, parallel behavior can mean that some operations in the analysis can be performed at or around the same time; serial behavior can mean that some operations in the analysis can start after other operations in the analysis or be implemented. In some embodiments, at least two operations in the analysis may be performed in parallel. In some embodiments, at least two operations in the analysis may be performed serially. In some embodiments, some operations in the analysis may be performed in parallel and some operations may be performed in series.

所述分析或分析中的一些操作可实时执行，即在获取时间或获取时间前后执行。所述分析或分析中的一些操作可在信息被获取后延迟执行。在一些实施例中，获取的信息被存储起来用于延迟分析。在一些实施例中，获取的信息可以被预处理并存储起来用于进一步延迟分析。所述延迟大约可以是秒、分钟、小时、天、或更久。延迟之后，可通过来自主体或主体以外的用户(如医生、护理人员、与主体相关的家庭成员等中的一种或多种的组合)的指令、存储在系统100中的指令等中的一种或多种的组合触发所述分析。仅作为示例，存储在系统100中的指令可以指定延迟的持续时间、执行分析的时间、执行分析的频率、触发分析行为的触发事件等中的一种或多种的组合。存储在系统100中的指令可由主体或主体以外的用户提供。典型的触发事件可以是至少部分的获取的信息或感兴趣生理参数超过一个阈值。仅作为示例，触发事件可以是获取的心率超过阈值(如高于每分钟150次、低于每分钟40次等)。如本文所述，“超过”可以是大于或小于阈值。又例如，触发事件可以是感兴趣生理参数，例如估计的血压，超过阈值。The analysis or some of the operations in the analysis may be performed in real-time, ie at or around acquisition time. The analysis or some of the operations in the analysis may be performed with a delay after the information is acquired. In some embodiments, the acquired information is stored for latency analysis. In some embodiments, the acquired information may be preprocessed and stored for further latency analysis. The delay may be on the order of seconds, minutes, hours, days, or more. After the delay, it may be through one of an instruction from the subject or a user outside the subject (eg, a doctor, a caregiver, a combination of one or more of a family member associated with the subject, etc.), an instruction stored in thesystem 100, and the like. A combination of one or more triggers the analysis. For example only, the instructions stored in thesystem 100 may specify one or a combination of the duration of the delay, the time at which the analysis is performed, the frequency at which the analysis is performed, the triggering event that triggers the analysis action, and the like. The instructions stored in thesystem 100 may be provided by the subject or by a user outside the subject. A typical trigger event may be that at least part of the acquired information or physiological parameter of interest exceeds a threshold. For example only, a trigger event may be an acquired heart rate exceeding a threshold (eg, above 150 beats per minute, below 40 beats per minute, etc.). As used herein, "exceeding" can be greater than or less than a threshold. As another example, a trigger event may be a physiological parameter of interest, such as estimated blood pressure, exceeding a threshold.

分析模块220可以是集中式或分布式。集中式分析模块220可以包括处理器(图2未示)。所述处理器可配置为用于执行所述操作。分布式分析模块220可以包括多个操作单元(图2未示)。所述操作单元可配置为共同地执行同一个分析的所有操作。在分布式配置中，所述多个操作单元的行为由，例如，服务器120控制或协调。Analysis module 220 may be centralized or distributed. Thecentralized analysis module 220 may include a processor (not shown in Figure 2). The processor may be configured to perform the operations. The distributedanalysis module 220 may include a plurality of operation units (not shown in FIG. 2 ). The operating unit may be configured to collectively perform all operations of the same analysis. In a distributed configuration, the behavior of the plurality of operating units is controlled or coordinated by, for example,server 120 .

获取的信息、分析的中间结果或分析结果(例如，感兴趣生理参数)可以是模拟的或数字的。在血压监测的典型情境下，获取的信息、分析的中间结果或分析结果(如感兴趣生理参数)可以包括如PPG信号、ECG信号、BCG信号、BP、SBP、DBP、PR、HR HRV(心率变异)、心脏杂音、血氧饱和度、血液密度、血液pH值、肠鸣音、脑电波、脂肪含量、血流量等中的一种或多种的组合。The acquired information, the intermediate results of the analysis, or the results of the analysis (eg, physiological parameters of interest) may be analog or digital. In the typical context of blood pressure monitoring, the acquired information, the intermediate results of the analysis, or the results of the analysis (eg, physiological parameters of interest) may include, for example, PPG signals, ECG signals, BCG signals, BP, SBP, DBP, PR, HR HRV (heart rate Variation), heart murmur, blood oxygen saturation, blood density, blood pH, bowel sounds, brain waves, fat content, blood flow, etc., a combination of one or more.

分析结果，例如关于主体的感兴趣生理参数，可以受各种因素或状况影响，包括，例如环境因素、主体生理状况因素、主体心理状况因素等中的一种或多种的组合。一个或多个所述因素可影响获取的信息的准确性、分析中间结果的准确性、分析结果的准确性等中的一种或多种的组合。例如，可以基于与获取的信息的相关性估计感兴趣生理参数；生理状况因素可引起所述相关性出现偏差；所述因素可影响基于所述相关性估计的感兴趣生理参数的准确性。仅作为示例，与主体相关的心血管信号可随，例如时间、主体心理状况、主体心理状况等中的一种或多种的组合而变化。心血管信号与主体生理参数之间的相关性可随，例如主体生理状况、主体心理状况、主体周围环境等中的一种或多种的组合而变化。这种影响在分析中可以是被抵消。Analysis results, such as physiological parameters of interest about the subject, may be affected by various factors or conditions, including, for example, a combination of one or more of environmental factors, subject physiological condition factors, subject psychological condition factors, and the like. One or more of these factors may affect one or a combination of one or more of the accuracy of the information obtained, the accuracy of the intermediate results of the analysis, the accuracy of the results of the analysis, and the like. For example, a physiological parameter of interest may be estimated based on a correlation with acquired information; physiological condition factors may cause the correlation to be biased; such factors may affect the accuracy of the estimated physiological parameter of interest based on the correlation. For example only, cardiovascular signals associated with a subject may vary, eg, with a combination of one or more of time, subject mental state, subject mental state, and the like. The correlation between the cardiovascular signal and the subject's physiological parameter may vary, eg, with a combination of one or more of the subject's physiological condition, the subject's psychological condition, the subject's surrounding environment, and the like. This effect can be counteracted in the analysis.

在分析中，可获取与影响状况(例如，环境信息、生理状况、心理状况等)相关的信息，并在分析中进行相应的修正或调节。仅作为示例，所述修正或调节可通过修正因子实现。例如，可基于在获取时间或获取时间前后获取的来自主体周围环境的环境信息或与其周围环境相关的环境信息，将环境修正因子引入分析之中。典型的环境信息可以包括温度、湿度、气压、空气流量、环境光强度等中的一个或多个。典型的环境修正因子可以包括一个或多个温度修正因子、湿度修正因子、气压修正因子、空气流量修正因子、环境光强度修正因子素等。又例如，所述修正或调节可通过对用于估计感兴趣生理参数的相关性(如校准模型、校准功能等)执行标定来实现。进一步例如，所述修正或调节可通过基于与影响状况相关的信息从用于估计感兴趣生理参数的多个相关性中选择一个相关性来实现。In the analysis, information related to the influencing conditions (eg, environmental information, physiological conditions, psychological conditions, etc.) can be obtained, and corresponding corrections or adjustments can be made in the analysis. Merely as an example, the correction or adjustment may be achieved by a correction factor. For example, environmental correction factors may be introduced into the analysis based on environmental information from or related to the subject's surroundings acquired at or around the acquisition time. Typical environmental information may include one or more of temperature, humidity, air pressure, air flow, ambient light intensity, and the like. Typical environmental correction factors may include one or more of temperature correction factors, humidity correction factors, air pressure correction factors, air flow correction factors, ambient light intensity correction factors, and the like. As another example, the correction or adjustment may be accomplished by performing calibration on correlations (eg, calibration models, calibration functions, etc.) used to estimate physiological parameters of interest. Further for example, the correction or adjustment may be accomplished by selecting a correlation from among a plurality of correlations for estimating the physiological parameter of interest based on information related to the affected condition.

上述对分析模块220的描述仅仅是出于说明性的目的，并不限度本发明的范围。对于本领域技术人员而言，多种替代、修改和变化都是显而易见的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其它特征可以以各种方式组合起来，从而获得额外和/或替代的示例性实施例。例如，可将缓存单元(图2未示)添加至分析模块220，用于存储上述过程中产生的中间结果或实时信号或信息。The above description of theanalysis module 220 is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, a buffer unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may be added to theanalysis module 220 for storing intermediate results or real-time signals or information generated in the above-mentioned process.

输出模块230可配置为用于提供输出。所述输出可以包括感兴趣生理参数、至少部分的获取的信息(例如，获取的用于估计感兴趣生理参数的信息)等中的一种或多种的组合。所述输出可以通过有线连接、无线连接等中的一种或多种的组合的方式实现。所述输出可以在其可用于传输的瞬间进行实时传输。所述输出可以在其可用于传输之后延迟传输。所述延迟可以大约为秒、分钟、小时、天、或更久。在所述延迟之后，可通过来自主体、主体以外的用户或相关第三方的指令、存储在系统100中的指令等中的一种多种的组合触发所述输出。仅作为示例，存储在系统100中的指令可指定延迟持续时间、输出传输的时间、输出传输的频率、触发事件等中的一种或多种的组合。存储在系统100中的指令可由主体或主体以外的用户提供。典型的触发事件可以是感兴趣生理参数或至少部分的获取的信息超过阈值。仅作为示例，触发事件可以是获取的心率超过阈值(如高于每分钟150次、低于每分钟40次等)。又例如，触发事件可以是感兴趣生理参数，例如估计的血压超过阈值。Theoutput module 230 may be configured to provide output. The output may include one or a combination of one or more of the physiological parameter of interest, at least a portion of the acquired information (eg, information acquired for estimating the physiological parameter of interest), and the like. The output can be achieved through a combination of one or more of wired connections, wireless connections, and the like. The output may be transmitted in real time at the instant it is available for transmission. The output may be delayed for transmission after it is available for transmission. The delay may be on the order of seconds, minutes, hours, days, or more. After the delay, the output may be triggered by a combination of one or more of instructions from the subject, a user other than the subject, or an associated third party, instructions stored in thesystem 100, and the like. For example only, the instructions stored in thesystem 100 may specify one or a combination of delay duration, time of output transmission, frequency of output transmission, triggering event, and the like. The instructions stored in thesystem 100 may be provided by the subject or by a user outside the subject. A typical trigger event may be a physiological parameter of interest or at least a portion of the acquired information exceeding a threshold. For example only, a trigger event may be an acquired heart rate exceeding a threshold (eg, above 150 beats per minute, below 40 beats per minute, etc.). As another example, a trigger event may be a physiological parameter of interest, such as an estimated blood pressure exceeding a threshold.

用于传输的输出可以是，例如模拟形式、数字形式等中的一种或多种的组合。所述输出的格式可以是如图形、代码、语音消息、文本、视频、音频警报、触觉效果等中的一种或多种的组合。所述输出可以在本地终端上显示或传输至远程终端，或以上组合。终端可以包括，例如个人计算机(PC)、台式电脑、笔记本电脑、智能手机、智能手表等中的一种或多种的组合。仅作为示例，所述输出可以在主体穿戴的可穿戴或便携式设备上显示，还可传输至医生办公室或健康护理人员所处的并监测主体健康状况的医院的计算机或终端。The output for transmission may be, for example, in analog form, digital form, or a combination of one or more. The output may be in a format such as one or a combination of graphics, codes, voice messages, text, video, audio alerts, haptic effects, and the like. The output can be displayed on the local terminal or transmitted to a remote terminal, or a combination of the above. The terminal may include, for example, one or a combination of a personal computer (PC), a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a smart watch, and the like. For example only, the output may be displayed on a wearable or portable device worn by the subject, and may also be transmitted to a computer or terminal in a doctor's office or hospital where the health care staff is located and monitors the subject's health.

输出模块230可以包括显示设备或与其通信，用于向主体或主体以外的用户显示输出或其它信息。所述显示设备可以包括液晶显示器(LCD)、基于发光二极管(LED)的显示器或任何其它平板显示器，或可使用阴极射线管(CRT)、触摸屏等。所述触摸屏可以包括如电阻触摸屏、容量触摸屏、等离子触摸屏、矢量压力传感测触摸屏、红外触摸屏等中的一种或多种的组合。Theoutput module 230 may include or be in communication with a display device for displaying output or other information to the subject or a user outside the subject. The display device may comprise a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) based display, or any other flat panel display, or may use a cathode ray tube (CRT), a touch screen, or the like. The touch screen may include, for example, one or a combination of resistive touch screens, volumetric touch screens, plasma touch screens, vector pressure sensing touch screens, infrared touch screens, and the like.

外围装备240可以包括任意种类的与系统100或其部分相关或通信的本地或远程装置或设备。例如，外围装备240可以包括存储设备、显示器装备、测量设备、输入设备等中的一种或多种的组合。Peripherals 240 may include any variety of local or remote devices or devices associated with or in communication withsystem 100 or portions thereof. For example,peripheral equipment 240 may include one or a combination of storage devices, display equipment, measurement devices, input devices, and the like.

在一些实施例中，存储模块(图2未示)或存储单元(图2未示)可集成至引擎200中。在一些实施例中，所述存储单元(图2未示)可集成至信息获取模块210、分析模块220或输出模块230中的任意模块中。所述存储模块(图2未示)或存储单元(图2未示)可用于存储中间结果或分析结果。所述存储模块(图2未示)或存储单元(图2未示)可用于数据缓存。所述存储模块(图2未示)或存储单元(图2未示)可以包括硬盘、软盘、选择存储器、RAM、DRAM、SRAM气泡存储器、薄膜存储器、电镀线存储器、相变存储器、闪存、云盘等中的一种或多种的组合。所述存储模块(图2未示)或存储单元(图2未示)可以包括图1和本申请其它地方描述的存储器或电子存储介质。In some embodiments, a memory module (not shown in FIG. 2 ) or a memory unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may be integrated into theengine 200 . In some embodiments, the storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may be integrated into any of theinformation acquisition module 210 , theanalysis module 220 or theoutput module 230 . The storage module (not shown in FIG. 2 ) or storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may be used to store intermediate results or analysis results. The storage module (not shown in FIG. 2 ) or the storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) can be used for data caching. The storage module (not shown in FIG. 2 ) or storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may include hard disk, floppy disk, selection memory, RAM, DRAM, SRAM bubble memory, thin film memory, electroplating line memory, phase change memory, flash memory, cloud memory, etc. A combination of one or more of discs, etc. The storage module (not shown in FIG. 2 ) or storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2 ) may include the memory or electronic storage medium described in FIG. 1 and elsewhere in this application.

在一些实施例中，引擎200可以不包括存储模块或存储单元，外围装备240或服务器120可用作引擎200可访问的存储设备。服务器120可以是提供云存储器的云服务器。如本文所述，云存储器是数据存储模型，其中数字数据存储在逻辑池和跨越多个服务器(并且通常位于多个位置)的物理存储器。物理环境包括，例如逻辑池，跨越多个服务器的物理存储器，可以由托管公司拥有和管理。所述托管公司负责保持数据读取及访问以及所述物理环境在受保护的情况下运行。所述云存储器可通过云服务、Web服务应用程序编程接口(API)或利用了API的应用程序进行访问。典型的应用程序包括云桌面存储器、云存储器网关、基于Web的内容管理系统等中的一种或多种的组合。服务器120可以包括公共云、私有云或以上组合。例如，获取的信息可存储在私有云中，所述私有云在通过如用户名、口令、密码等中的一种或多种的组合的认证之后可访问。非个人信息包括，例如方法或计算模型可存储在公共云中。无需授权或认证即可访问公共云。信息获取模块210、分析模块220和输出模块230可对公共云或私有云的信息进行检索或加载。所述模块中的任意模块都可配置为将信号和数据传输至公共云或私有云。In some embodiments,engine 200 may not include storage modules or storage units, andperipherals 240 orserver 120 may be used as storage devices accessible byengine 200 . Theserver 120 may be a cloud server that provides cloud storage. As described herein, cloud storage is a data storage model in which digital data is stored in logical pools and physical storage spanning multiple servers (and often multiple locations). The physical environment includes, for example, logical pools, physical storage spanning multiple servers, which may be owned and managed by a hosting company. The hosting company is responsible for keeping the data readable and accessible and the physical environment running under protection. The cloud storage can be accessed through a cloud service, a web service application programming interface (API), or an application utilizing the API. Typical applications include one or a combination of cloud desktop storage, cloud storage gateways, web-based content management systems, and the like.Server 120 may include a public cloud, a private cloud, or a combination of the above. For example, the acquired information may be stored in a private cloud that is accessible after authentication, such as through a combination of one or more of usernames, passwords, passwords, and the like. Non-personal information including, for example, methods or computational models may be stored in public clouds. Access the public cloud without authorization or authentication. Theinformation acquisition module 210, theanalysis module 220, and theoutput module 230 can retrieve or load the information of the public cloud or the private cloud. Any of the modules can be configured to transmit signals and data to a public or private cloud.

信息获取模块210、分析模块220和输出模块230中任意两个模块之间的连接或传输都可以通过有线连接、无线连接等中的一种或多种的组合来实现。所述模块中的至少两个模块可以连接不同的外围设备。所述模块中的至少两个模块可连接同样的外围设备。外围装备240可通过有线连接、无线连接等中的一种或多种的组合与一个或多个模块连接。本领域技术人员应该理解，上述实施例只是用于描述本发明。在不背离本发明的精神的情况下，可对本发明进行多种修改和变形。例如，信息获取模块210和输出模块230可集成至一个单独模块中，所述单独模块可配置为用于获取和输出信号或结果。所述单独模块可通过有线连接、无线连接等中的一种或多种的组合与分析模块220连接。引擎200中的三个模块可以部分地集成至一个或多个单独模块中或共享一个或多个单元。The connection or transmission between any two of theinformation acquisition module 210 , theanalysis module 220 and theoutput module 230 can be implemented through a combination of one or more of wired connections, wireless connections, and the like. At least two of the modules can be connected to different peripheral devices. At least two of the modules can be connected to the same peripherals.Peripherals 240 may be connected to one or more modules through a combination of one or more of wired connections, wireless connections, and the like. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only used to describe the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, theinformation acquisition module 210 and theoutput module 230 may be integrated into a single module, which may be configured to acquire and output signals or results. The individual modules may be connected to theanalysis module 220 through a combination of one or more of wired connections, wireless connections, and the like. The three modules inengine 200 may be partially integrated into one or more separate modules or share one or more units.

系统100中各模块之间、各模块与外围装备240之间或所述系统与服务器120之间的连接或传输不限于上述描述。所有连接或传输都可组合或独立使用。各模块可以集成至一个单独模块中，即各模块的功能可以通过这一单独模块实现。类似地，一个或多个模块集成至外围装备240的其中一块上。上述任意连接或传输都可通过有线连接、无线连接等中的一种或多种的组合实现。例如，有线连接或无线连接可以包括如电线、电缆、卫星、微波、蓝牙、无线电、红外线等中的一种或多种的组合。The connection or transmission between the modules in thesystem 100, between the modules and theperipheral equipment 240, or between the system and theserver 120 is not limited to the above description. All connections or transfers can be combined or used independently. Each module can be integrated into a single module, that is, the function of each module can be realized through this single module. Similarly, one or more modules are integrated into one of theperipherals 240 . Any of the above-mentioned connections or transmissions may be implemented through one or a combination of wired connections, wireless connections, and the like. For example, wired or wireless connections may include one or a combination of, for example, wire, cable, satellite, microwave, Bluetooth, radio, infrared, and the like.

引擎200可以在一个或多个处理器上实施。引擎200的各模块或单元可以集成至一个或多个处理器中。例如，信息获取模块210、分析模块220和输出模块230可以在一个或多个处理器上实现。所述一个或多个处理器可以与存储设备(图2未示)、外围装备240和服务器120传输信号或数据。所述一个或多个处理器可对来自存储设备(图2未示)、外围装备240或服务器120的信号、信息或指令进行检索或加载，并处理所述信号、信息、数据、指令或其组合，从而计算一个或多个感兴趣生理参数。所述一个或多个处理器也可以和与系统100相关的其它设备连接或通信，通过，例如移动电话APP、本地或远程终端等中的一种或多种的组合与所述其它设备传输或共享信号、信息、指令、感兴趣生理参数等。Engine 200 may be implemented on one or more processors. The modules or units ofengine 200 may be integrated into one or more processors. For example,information acquisition module 210,analysis module 220, andoutput module 230 may be implemented on one or more processors. The one or more processors may communicate signals or data with storage devices (not shown in FIG. 2 ),peripherals 240 , andserver 120 . The one or more processors may retrieve or load signals, information, or instructions from storage devices (not shown in FIG. 2),peripherals 240, orserver 120, and process the signals, information, data, instructions, or the like. combined to calculate one or more physiological parameters of interest. The one or more processors may also be connected or communicated with other devices associated with thesystem 100 through, for example, a mobile phone APP, a combination of one or more of a local or remote terminal, etc. to communicate or communicate with the other devices. Share signals, information, instructions, physiological parameters of interest, etc.

图3是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的用于估算生理信号的示例性流程图。在步骤310中，可以获取关于主体的信息。所述信息获取可由信息获取模块210执行。获取的信息可以包括主体的生理信息、获取时间或获取时间前后与主体周围环境相关的环境信息、由主体或主体以外的用户提供的信息。所述获取的信息可以包括PPG信号、ECG信号、脉搏率、心率、心率变异、血氧饱和度、呼吸、肌肉状态、骨骼状态、脑电波、血脂水平、血糖水平、身高、体重、年龄、性别、体温、手臂长度、疾病历史、室温、湿度、气压、空气流量、环境光强度等中的一种或多种的组合。在步骤320中，可以分析至少部分的所述获取的信息。通过所述分析，可以识别至少部分的所述获取的信息的各种特征。例如，所述获取的信息可以包括PPG信号和ECG信号；这些信号的已识别特征可以包括，例如波形、特征点、峰值、流域、幅度、时间间隔、相、频率、周期等中的一种或多种的组合。基于已识别特征的分析可在步骤320中进行。例如，可基于已识别特征计算或估计感兴趣生理参数。基于所获取的PPG信号和ECG信号估算的感兴趣生理参数可以包括，例如BP、SBP、DBP等中的一种或多种的组合。在步骤330中，可以输出所述感兴趣生理参数。在步骤330中可以输出部分的所获取的信息。所述输出可以向主体或主体以外的用户显示、打印、存储在一个存储设备或服务器120中、传输至一个设备进行进一步处理等中的一种或多种的组合。应当注意的是，在步骤320的分析之后，可以在步骤310中执行新的获取步骤。Figure 3 is an exemplary flow diagram for estimating physiological signals according to some embodiments of the present invention. Instep 310, information about the subject may be obtained. The information acquisition may be performed by theinformation acquisition module 210 . The acquired information may include physiological information of the subject, environmental information related to the surroundings of the subject at or before and after the acquisition time, and information provided by the subject or users other than the subject. The acquired information may include PPG signal, ECG signal, pulse rate, heart rate, heart rate variability, blood oxygen saturation, respiration, muscle state, bone state, brain wave, blood lipid level, blood sugar level, height, weight, age, gender , body temperature, arm length, disease history, room temperature, humidity, air pressure, air flow, ambient light intensity, etc. Instep 320, at least a portion of the acquired information may be analyzed. Through the analysis, various characteristics of at least part of the acquired information may be identified. For example, the acquired information may include PPG signals and ECG signals; the identified characteristics of these signals may include, for example, one of waveform, feature point, peak value, flow domain, amplitude, time interval, phase, frequency, period, etc. or various combinations. Analysis based on the identified features may be performed instep 320 . For example, a physiological parameter of interest may be calculated or estimated based on the identified features. Physiological parameters of interest estimated based on the acquired PPG signals and ECG signals may include, for example, a combination of one or more of BP, SBP, DBP, and the like. Instep 330, the physiological parameter of interest may be output. Part of the acquired information may be output instep 330 . The output may be displayed to the subject or a user outside the subject, printed, stored in a storage device orserver 120, transmitted to a device for further processing, or a combination of one or more. It should be noted that after the analysis ofstep 320, a new acquisition step may be performed instep 310.

上述描述仅仅是处于说明性的目的，并不限度本发明的范围。对于本领域技术人员而言，多种替代、修改和变化都是明显的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其它特征可以以各种方式组合起来，从而获得额外和/或替代的示例性实施例。例如，可以在步骤310和步骤320之间添加预处理步骤。在预处理步骤中，可以对获取的信号进行预处理，从而减少或除去最初获取的信号中的噪声或干扰。例如，可以使用复杂的实时数字滤波来减少或除去PPG或ECG信号中的高频噪声，使信号特征被精确识别。典型的预处理方法可以包括低通滤波、带通滤波、小波变换、中值滤波、形态滤波、曲线拟合、Hilbert-Huang变换等中的一种或多种的组合。关于降低或移除如PPG信号或ECG信号等生理信号中的噪声的方法和系统，可以参考2015年4月20日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/077026的国际专利申请、申请号为PCT/CN2015/077025的国际申请和2015年5月27日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/079956的国际申请，分别以引用的形式并入本文。可在步骤310和步骤320之间或图3所示示意性过程中的其它地方添加一个或多个其它可选步骤。这些步骤的示例可以包括存储或缓存获取的信息。The above description is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, a preprocessing step may be added betweensteps 310 and 320 . In the preprocessing step, the acquired signal may be preprocessed to reduce or remove noise or interference in the originally acquired signal. For example, sophisticated real-time digital filtering can be used to reduce or remove high-frequency noise in PPG or ECG signals, allowing signal features to be accurately identified. Typical preprocessing methods may include a combination of one or more of low-pass filtering, band-pass filtering, wavelet transform, median filtering, morphological filtering, curve fitting, Hilbert-Huang transform, and the like. For methods and systems for reducing or removing noise in physiological signals such as PPG signals or ECG signals, please refer to the international patent application with the application number PCT/CN2015/077026 filed on April 20, 2015, and the application number is PCT/ The international application of CN2015/077025 and the international application of application number PCT/CN2015/079956 filed on May 27, 2015 are incorporated herein by reference, respectively. One or more other optional steps may be added betweensteps 310 and 320 or elsewhere in the illustrative process shown in FIG. 3 . Examples of these steps may include storing or caching the acquired information.

图4是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的获取模块的结构示意图。信息获取模块210可以通过网络150与，例如外围装备240、其它模块490和服务器120连接或通信。信息获取模块210可配置为用于获取生理信号、主体基本信息、主体周围的环境信息等中的一种或多种的组合。信息获取模块210可以包括一个或多个获取单元(例如，如图4所示的基本信息获取单元410、环境信息获取单元420、ECG获取单元430等)、控制单元470和存储单元480。所述一个或多个获取单元可配置为用于获取与主体相关的信息、由主体、主体以外的用户和/或相关第三方(如医生、护工、医疗机构、研究机构、主体的外围设备或与主体联系良好的用户等)提供的信息、获取时间或获取时间前后来自主体周围环境的环境信息等中的一种或多种的组合。所述一个或多个获取单元可以包括基本信息获取单元410、环境信息获取单元420、ECG获取单元430、PPG获取单元440、EMG获取单元450、血氧信号获取单元460等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，所述一个或多个获取单元可以与控制单元470和存储单元480实时连接或通信。所述获取过程可以实时控制，获取的信息的存储可以实时执行。在一些实施例中，所述一个或多个获取单元可以与控制单元470和存储器单元480延迟连接或通信。可以在一个获取周期完成之后对所述获取过程进行延迟控制或修改。所述获取的信息的存储可以在信息被获取后延迟执行。如本文所述，所述时间延迟可以大约是秒、分钟、小时、天、或更久等。类似地，所述一个或多个获取单元可以与外围装备240、服务器120或其它模块490实时或在时间延迟之后连接或通信。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition module according to some embodiments of the present invention. Theinformation acquisition module 210 may connect or communicate with, for example, theperipheral equipment 240 ,other modules 490 , and theserver 120 through thenetwork 150 . Theinformation acquisition module 210 may be configured to acquire one or a combination of physiological signals, basic information of the subject, environmental information around the subject, and the like. Theinformation acquisition module 210 may include one or more acquisition units (eg, basicinformation acquisition unit 410 , environmentalinformation acquisition unit 420 ,ECG acquisition unit 430 , etc. as shown in FIG. 4 ), acontrol unit 470 and astorage unit 480 . The one or more acquisition units may be configured to acquire information related to the subject, by the subject, users other than the subject and/or relevant third parties (such as doctors, nurses, medical institutions, research institutions, peripheral devices of the subject or A combination of one or more of the information provided by users with good contact with the subject, etc., the acquisition time or the environmental information from the surrounding environment of the subject before and after the acquisition time. The one or more acquisition units may include one or more of a basicinformation acquisition unit 410, an environmentalinformation acquisition unit 420, anECG acquisition unit 430, aPPG acquisition unit 440, anEMG acquisition unit 450, a blood oxygen signal acquisition unit 460, and the like. combination of species. In some embodiments, the one or more acquisition units may be connected or in communication with thecontrol unit 470 and thestorage unit 480 in real time. The acquisition process can be controlled in real time, and the storage of acquired information can be performed in real time. In some embodiments, the one or more acquisition units may be in delayed connection or communication with thecontrol unit 470 and thememory unit 480 . The acquisition process can be delayed controlled or modified after one acquisition cycle is complete. The storage of the acquired information may be performed with a delay after the information is acquired. As described herein, the time delay can be on the order of seconds, minutes, hours, days, or more, and the like. Similarly, the one or more acquisition units may be connected or communicated withperipheral equipment 240,server 120 orother modules 490 in real time or after a time delay.

基本信息获取单元410可以用于接收与主体相关的基本信息，包括如身高、体重、年龄(出生日期)、性别、手臂长度、国籍、职业、习惯(如运动习惯等健康习惯)、教育背景、爱好、婚姻状况、宗教信仰、与健康有关的历史(例如，主体是否具有吸烟史、食物过敏、药物过敏、医疗史、家庭健康史、遗传病史、关于先前手术的信息等中的一种或多种的组合)、联系信息、紧急联系人等中的一种或多种的组合。与主体相关的基本信息可以由主体、主体以外的用户或第三方(如医生、护工、医疗机构、研究机构、主体的外围设备或与主体联系良好的用户等)提供。与主体相关的基本信息可以加载自外围装备240或服务器120。与主体相关的基本信息可以存储在存储器单元480、服务器120、外围装备240或本申请任何地方披露的存储设备中。The basicinformation acquisition unit 410 can be used to receive basic information related to the subject, including such as height, weight, age (date of birth), gender, arm length, nationality, occupation, habits (such as exercise habits and other health habits), educational background, Hobbies, marital status, religious beliefs, health-related history (eg, does the subject have one or more of smoking history, food allergies, drug allergies, medical history, family health history, genetic medical history, information about previous surgeries, etc.) A combination of one or more of), contact information, emergency contacts, etc. The basic information related to the subject can be provided by the subject, users other than the subject, or third parties (such as doctors, nurses, medical institutions, research institutions, peripheral devices of the subject or users who have good contact with the subject, etc.). The basic information related to the subject may be loaded from theperipheral equipment 240 or theserver 120 . Basic information related to the subject may be stored in thememory unit 480, theserver 120, theperipheral equipment 240, or a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application.

环境信息获取单元420可以配置为用于获取主体周围的环境信息，包括温度、湿度、气压、空气流量、环境光强度等中的一种或多种的组合。所述环境信息可以以实时模式(例如，在获取时间或获取时间前后)被获取，或可以以某个时间间隔(例如，不依赖于获取时间)被获取。所述环境信息可以加载自服务器120或一些环境相关的APP(例如，天气预报APP)。所述获取的环境信息可以存储在存储器单元480、服务器120、外围装备240或本申请任何地方披露的存储设备中。The environmentalinformation acquisition unit 420 may be configured to acquire environmental information around the subject, including a combination of one or more of temperature, humidity, air pressure, air flow, ambient light intensity, and the like. The context information may be acquired in a real-time mode (eg, at or around the acquisition time), or may be acquired at certain time intervals (eg, independent of the acquisition time). The environment information may be loaded from theserver 120 or some environment-related APPs (eg, a weather forecast APP). The acquired environmental information may be stored in thememory unit 480, theserver 120, theperipheral equipment 240, or a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application.

ECG获取单元430可以配置为用于通过电极传感方法获取主体的ECG信号。所述电极传感方法可以包括12导联方法。所述电极传感方法可以是任意常规的心电图导联法。所述获取的ECG信号可以存储在存储器单元480、服务器120、外围装备240或本申请任何地方披露的存储设备中。所述获取的信号可以实时或在一个时间延迟之后传输至其它模块490(如分析模块220或输出模块230)。应当注意的是，ECG获取单元430可以配置为用于从相关外围设备接收主体的ECG信号。所述相关的外围设备可以包括ECG监测器、家用ECG监测器、便携式ECG监测器、医疗ECG监测器等中的一种或多种的组合。TheECG acquisition unit 430 may be configured to acquire the ECG signal of the subject through an electrode sensing method. The electrode sensing method may include a 12-lead method. The electrode sensing method can be any conventional ECG lead method. The acquired ECG signal may be stored inmemory unit 480,server 120,peripheral equipment 240, or a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application. The acquired signals may be transmitted to other modules 490 (eg,analysis module 220 or output module 230) in real time or after a time delay. It should be noted that theECG acquisition unit 430 may be configured to receive the subject's ECG signal from an associated peripheral device. The associated peripherals may include one or a combination of ECG monitors, home ECG monitors, portable ECG monitors, medical ECG monitors, and the like.

PPG获取单元440可以配置为用于通过光电传感方法获取主体的PPG信号。所述光电传感方法可以通过单一的光电传感器、光电传感器阵列或光源和接收端阵列实现。所述获取的PPG信号可以存储在存储器单元480、服务器120、外围装备240或本申请任何地方披露的存储设备中。所述获取的信号可以实时或在一个时间延迟之后传输至其它模块490(如分析模块220或输出模块230)。PPG获取单元440可以配置为用于从身体多个位置(例如，头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂部、腕部、腰部、大腿部、膝盖、脚踝等中的一种或多种的组合)获取主体的PPG信号。在一些实施例中，可以将一个或多个光电传感器设置于身体多个位置中的任意一个位置。在一些实施例中，可以将一个或多个光电传感器阵列设置于身体多个位置中的任意一个位置。应当注意的是，PPG获取单元440可以配置为用于从相关外围设备接收主体的PPG信号。所述相关的外围设备可以是PPG监测器、家用PPG监测器、便携式PPG监测器、医疗PPG监测器等中的一种或多种的组合。ThePPG acquisition unit 440 may be configured to acquire the PPG signal of the subject through a photoelectric sensing method. The photoelectric sensing method can be implemented by a single photoelectric sensor, an array of photoelectric sensors, or an array of light sources and receiving ends. The acquired PPG signal may be stored inmemory unit 480,server 120,peripheral equipment 240, or a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application. The acquired signals may be transmitted to other modules 490 (eg,analysis module 220 or output module 230) in real time or after a time delay. ThePPG acquisition unit 440 may be configured to retrieve data from one or more of multiple locations on the body (eg, head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arms, wrists, waist, thighs, knees, ankles, etc. combination) to obtain the PPG signal of the subject. In some embodiments, one or more photosensors may be positioned at any of a number of locations on the body. In some embodiments, one or more photosensor arrays may be positioned at any of a number of locations on the body. It should be noted that thePPG acquisition unit 440 may be configured to receive the subject's PPG signal from the associated peripheral device. The associated peripheral device may be one or a combination of PPG monitors, home PPG monitors, portable PPG monitors, medical PPG monitors, and the like.

EMG获取单元450可以配置为用于通过压力传感方法获取主体的EMG信号。可以将电极贴片放置于人体表面以记录可能的改变，或将电极针插入身体表面以记录局部可能的改变。血氧信号获取单元460可以配置为用于通过光电传感方法获取主体的血氧信息。所述血氧信息与PPG信号一同获取或单独获取。所述获取的EMG信号和血氧信息可以存储在存储器单元480、服务器120、外围装备240或本申请任何地方披露的存储设备中。TheEMG acquisition unit 450 may be configured to acquire the EMG signal of the subject through a pressure sensing method. Electrode patches can be placed on the body surface to record possible changes, or electrode needles can be inserted into the body surface to record local possible changes. The blood oxygen signal acquisition unit 460 may be configured to acquire blood oxygen information of the subject through a photoelectric sensing method. The blood oxygen information is acquired together with the PPG signal or acquired separately. The acquired EMG signal and blood oxygen information may be stored in thememory unit 480, theserver 120, theperipheral equipment 240, or a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application.

所述一个或多个获取单元可以与一个或多个传感器通信以获取由所述一个或多个传感器感测、检测或测量到的信息。典型的传感器可以包括电极传感器、光学传感器、光电传感器、电导传感器、压力传感器、加速计、重力传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器等中的一种或多种的组合。The one or more acquisition units may communicate with one or more sensors to acquire information sensed, detected or measured by the one or more sensors. Typical sensors may include one or a combination of electrode sensors, optical sensors, photosensors, conductivity sensors, pressure sensors, accelerometers, gravity sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and the like.

仅作为示例，光学传感器可以包括集成的光电探测器、放大器和光源。所述光源可以发射，例如可见光谱、红外区域等中的一种或多种的组合的波长的辐射。所述光电探测器可以对反射的辐射进行检测。可以将所述光学传感器放置于主体的一个位置上，以检测主体的脉冲相关的信号。在一个示例中，可以将多个可穿戴PPG传感器放置于主体的多个位置上。所述多个位置可以包括头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂部、腕部、腰部、大腿部、膝盖、脚踝等中的一种或多种的组合。在另一示例中，可以将包括一系列PPG传感器的PPG传感器阵列放置于主体的一个位置上。在一些实施例中，可以将PPG传感器安装在一个设备中。所述设备可以包括可穿戴或便携式设备，包括，例如T恤衫、智能手表、腕套等中的一种或多种的组合。所述设备可以进一步包括一个或多个处理器或处理单元。所述处理器或处理单元可以配置为用于控制信息获取过程，或可以配置为用于执行任意一个模块的一个或多个操作。信号或数据可以在设置于不同位置的传感器之间传输。所述传输可以通过无线连接(如wifi、蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)等中的一种或多种的组合)、有线连接等中的一种或多种的组合实现。例如，通过传感器接收的信号可通过无线身体传感器网络(BSN)或体内通信(IBC)进行传输。For example only, the optical sensor may include an integrated photodetector, amplifier, and light source. The light source may emit radiation at wavelengths of, for example, one or more combinations of the visible spectrum, the infrared region, and the like. The photodetector can detect reflected radiation. The optical sensor may be placed at a location on the subject to detect pulse-related signals from the subject. In one example, multiple wearable PPG sensors may be placed at multiple locations on the body. The plurality of locations may include one or a combination of one or more of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, thigh, knee, ankle, and the like. In another example, a PPG sensor array comprising a series of PPG sensors may be placed at one location on the body. In some embodiments, the PPG sensor may be installed in one device. The device may comprise a wearable or portable device including, for example, a combination of one or more of a t-shirt, smart watch, wristband, and the like. The apparatus may further comprise one or more processors or processing units. The processor or processing unit may be configured to control the information acquisition process, or may be configured to perform one or more operations of any one of the modules. Signals or data can be transmitted between sensors located at different locations. The transmission may be accomplished through a combination of one or more of wireless connections (eg, a combination of one or more of wifi, bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), etc.), wired connections, and the like. For example, the signals received by the sensors may be transmitted via a wireless body sensor network (BSN) or in vivo communication (IBC).

信息获取模块210可以包括以上所述以外的一个或多个获取单元，例如一个配置为获取BCG信号的获取单元(图4未示)、一个配置为获取主体体温信息的获取单元(图4未示)、一个配置为获取主体血液密度信息的获取单元(图4未示)、一个配置为获取血液pH值信息的获取单元(图4未示)等中的一种或多种的组合。Theinformation acquisition module 210 may include one or more acquisition units other than those described above, such as an acquisition unit configured to acquire BCG signals (not shown in FIG. 4 ), an acquisition unit configured to acquire body temperature information (not shown in FIG. 4 ) ), a combination of one or more of an acquisition unit (not shown in FIG. 4 ) configured to acquire blood density information of the subject, an acquisition unit (not shown in FIG. 4 ) configured to acquire blood pH value information, and the like.

以上描述仅仅是出于说明性的目的，并不限制本公开的范围。多种替换、修改和变形对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其他特征可以以各种方式组合以获得另外的和/或替代性的示例性实施例。例如，所述获取单元可以集成至一个独立单元中，所述独立单元配置为用于获取关于主体的不止一个信息或信号。所述获取单元中的至少部分可以集成至一个或多个独立单元中。The above description is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, the acquisition unit may be integrated into a separate unit configured to acquire more than one information or signal about the subject. At least some of the acquisition units may be integrated into one or more separate units.

控制单元470可以配置为在信息获取过程中控制一个因素或条件。所述因素或条件可以包括所述获取单元的开启/关闭(ON/OFF)、信息获取的配置、采样率、获取周期、获取信息的传输或处理、获取不同信号的顺序、一个或多个传感器或传感器阵列的选取、传感器的排布、传感器阵列的排布、传感器阵列的一个或多个电极的数量和/或形状、一个或多个光源的选取、传感器或传感器阵列的灵敏度或精确度等中的一种或多种的组合。Thecontrol unit 470 may be configured to control a factor or condition in the information acquisition process. The factors or conditions may include ON/OFF of the acquisition unit, configuration of information acquisition, sampling rate, acquisition period, transmission or processing of acquired information, sequence of acquisition of different signals, one or more sensors or selection of sensor arrays, arrangement of sensors, arrangement of sensor arrays, number and/or shape of one or more electrodes of sensor arrays, selection of one or more light sources, sensitivity or accuracy of sensors or sensor arrays, etc. A combination of one or more of.

仅作为示例，控制单元470可以配置为根据本申请中的一些实施例所示的控制用于信号获取过程的不同PPG传感器或PPG传感器阵列的选取。如上所述，PPG获取单元440中的传感器配置可以是单个光电传感器或多个光电传感器、或单个传感器阵列或多个传感器阵列。在一个特定获取过程中可以选择特定的传感器配置。传感器配置的选取可以基于主体的特征进行。典型的特征可以包括身高、体重、性别、体型等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，所述选取可以通过分档器或通过微型电机进行。在一些实施例中，所述选取可以通过使用记忆材料(例如，记忆金属)执行。在另一个示例中，控制单元470可以配置为根据主体的体型调节传感器或传感器阵列的位置。在另一个示例中，控制单元470可以配置为根据主体的身高或体重调节传感器或传感器阵列的排布。所述调节过程可以自动进行，或可以至少部分手动进行。例如，控制单元470可以基于主体的身高计算传感器的所需位置；并且主体、主体以外的用户和/或相关第三方可以手动将传感器或传感器阵列放置在所需位置。For example only, thecontrol unit 470 may be configured to control the selection of different PPG sensors or arrays of PPG sensors for the signal acquisition process as shown in some embodiments of the present application. As mentioned above, the sensor configuration in thePPG acquisition unit 440 may be a single photosensor or multiple photosensors, or a single sensor array or multiple sensor arrays. A specific sensor configuration can be selected during a specific acquisition. The selection of the sensor configuration can be made based on the characteristics of the subject. Typical characteristics may include a combination of one or more of height, weight, gender, body size, and the like. In some embodiments, the selection may be performed by a stepper or by a micromotor. In some embodiments, the selection may be performed using a memory material (eg, memory metal). In another example, thecontrol unit 470 may be configured to adjust the position of the sensor or sensor array according to the body size of the subject. In another example, thecontrol unit 470 may be configured to adjust the arrangement of the sensors or sensor arrays according to the height or weight of the subject. The adjustment process may be performed automatically, or may be performed at least partially manually. For example, thecontrol unit 470 may calculate the desired location of the sensor based on the subject's height; and the subject, a user other than the subject, and/or a relevant third party may manually place the sensor or sensor array at the desired location.

控制单元470可以包括一个或多个控制子单元(图4未示)。在一些实施例中，所述控制子单元(图4未示)可以分别执行不同的控制功能。在一些实施例中，所述控制子单元(图4未示)可以配置为分别控制不同的获取单元。在一些实施例中，所述控制子单元(图4未示)可以执行一个或多个控制步骤并串联地控制信息获取(例如，一个控制步骤在与另一个控制步骤相同或相近的时间进行)。控制单元470可以包括微型处理器。所述微型处理器可以配置为运行由主体、主体以外的用户、和/或相关第三方提供的一个或多个指令。Thecontrol unit 470 may include one or more control subunits (not shown in FIG. 4 ). In some embodiments, the control sub-units (not shown in FIG. 4 ) may perform different control functions respectively. In some embodiments, the control subunit (not shown in FIG. 4 ) may be configured to control different acquisition units respectively. In some embodiments, the control subunit (not shown in Figure 4) may perform one or more control steps and control information acquisition in series (eg, one control step is performed at the same or similar time as another control step) .Control unit 470 may include a microprocessor. The microprocessor may be configured to execute one or more instructions provided by the subject, a user other than the subject, and/or an associated third party.

存储单元480可以配置为储存获取信息、控制因素或条件、或信息获取期间的中间数据。存储单元480可以包括系统存储器(如磁盘)，以及可移动存储器中的至少一个，其中所述系统存储器可以集成于所述部件(基本不可拆卸)，所述可移动存储器可通过如端口(例如，USB端口、火线端口等)或驱动器(例如，磁盘驱动器等)可移动地连接至所述部件。存储单元480可以包括一个或多个虚拟存储资源(如云存储、虚拟私人网络和/或其它虚拟存储资源)或与所述一个或多个虚拟存储资源可连接地操作。存储单元480可以包括或与一个或多个虚拟存储资源(例如，云存储、虚拟专用网络、和/或其他虚拟存储资源)连接地操作。存储单元480可以包括硬盘、软盘、选数管存储器、RAM、DRAM、SRAM磁泡存储器、薄膜存储器、磁镀线存储器、相变存储器、闪光存储器、云盘等中的一种或多种的组合。存储单元480可以与其他模块490、服务器120和外围设备240连接或通信。存储单元480可以包括图1中所述的和本申请其他地方所述的内存或电子存储介质。Thestorage unit 480 may be configured to store acquisition information, control factors or conditions, or intermediate data during information acquisition. Thestorage unit 480 may include at least one of system memory (eg, a magnetic disk), which may be integrated into the component (substantially non-removable), and removable memory, which may be accessed through a port such as a port (eg, USB ports, Firewire ports, etc.) or drives (eg, disk drives, etc.) are removably connected to the components.Storage unit 480 may include or be operably connectable with one or more virtual storage resources (eg, cloud storage, virtual private network, and/or other virtual storage resources).Storage unit 480 may include or operate in connection with one or more virtual storage resources (eg, cloud storage, virtual private networks, and/or other virtual storage resources). Thestorage unit 480 may include one or a combination of hard disks, floppy disks, selective tube memory, RAM, DRAM, SRAM bubble memory, thin film memory, magnetic plated wire memory, phase change memory, flash memory, cloud disk, etc. . Thestorage unit 480 may be connected or communicated withother modules 490 , theserver 120 and theperipheral devices 240 .Storage unit 480 may include memory or electronic storage media as described in FIG. 1 and elsewhere in this application.

以上描述仅仅是出于说明性的目的，并不限制本公开的范围。多种替换、修改和变形对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其他特征可以以各种方式组合以获得另外的和/或替代性的示例性实施例。例如，存储单元480不是必需的，存储器可以通过本申请其他地方描述的其他存储器实现。存储单元480可以集成至获取单元中或者控制单元470中。The above description is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example,storage unit 480 is not required, and the memory may be implemented by other memories described elsewhere in this application. Thestorage unit 480 may be integrated into the acquisition unit or into thecontrol unit 470 .

图5-A和5-B是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的心电图(ECG)传感器和光电容积脉搏波(PPG)传感器的排布或位置的示意图。ECG传感器可以是包括一个或多个电极的电极传感器。所述一个或多个电极可以用于感测反映穿戴所述传感器的主体的心脏活动的潜在变化。仅作为示例，ECG传感器可以包括12导联的10个电极，用于获取ECG信号。图5-A所示的是12导联的ECG传感器的10个电极可以放置在主体身体上的位置。在12导联中，如图5-A所示，10个电极可以位于主体的一个或多个肢体和/或其胸部上。例如，10个电极的位置可以包括右臂(RA)、左臂(LA)、右腿(RL)、左腿(LL)、第四肋间隙至胸骨右侧(V1)、第四肋间隙至胸骨左侧(V2)、锁骨中线中的第五肋间隙(V4)、导联V2和V4之间(V3)、左腋前线中与V水平对齐(V5)以及腋中线中与V4和V5水平对齐(V6)。10个电极可以形成12个不同的导联，这些导联代表或测量数对身体位置点之间的电势差。在本实施例中，心脏电势的整体大小可以从12个不同的角度(“导联”)测量。应理解的是，对12导联的ECG传感器的描述仅仅是出于说明性目的，并不限制本公开的范围。可以使用另一形式的ECG传感器获取ECG信号，例如5-导联形式。还可以参考文献，例如，2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请，其全部内容通过引用方式并入本文。5-A and 5-B are schematic diagrams of the arrangement or location of electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors according to some embodiments of the present invention. The ECG sensor may be an electrode sensor including one or more electrodes. The one or more electrodes may be used to sense potential changes reflecting the cardiac activity of the subject wearing the sensor. For example only, an ECG sensor may include 10 electrodes in 12 leads for acquiring ECG signals. Figure 5-A shows where the 10 electrodes of a 12-lead ECG sensor can be placed on the subject's body. In 12 leads, as shown in Figure 5-A, 10 electrodes may be located on one or more limbs of the subject and/or on its chest. For example, 10 electrode locations may include right arm (RA), left arm (LA), right leg (RL), left leg (LL), fourth intercostal space to right sternum (V1), fourth intercostal space to Left side of sternum (V2), fifth intercostal space in midclavicular line (V4), between leads V2 and V4 (V3), aligned with V level in left anterior axillary line (V5), and in midaxillary line with V4 and V5 level Align (V6). 10 electrodes can form 12 different leads that represent or measure the potential difference between pairs of body locations. In this example, the overall magnitude of the cardiac potential can be measured from 12 different angles ("leads"). It should be understood that the description of a 12-lead ECG sensor is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. ECG signals can be acquired using another form of ECG sensor, such as a 5-lead form. Reference may also be made to, for example, International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2015/083334, filed July 3, 2015, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

根据本申请的一些实施例，PPG传感器可以是光电传感器。图5-B所示的是光电传感器可以放置在主体身体上的位置。所述光电传感器可以包括用于发射光源的发射端和用于获取该发射的光源产生的信号的接收端。所述获取的信号可以用于推导或提供PPG值。为了方便起见，本文中所使用的PPG信号可以指的是推导的PPG值或者用于推导所述PPG值的获取信号。所述光源可以包括具有合适波长的光源，包括，例如，红光、绿光、蓝光、红外线、紫光、黄光、橙光等中的一种或多种的组合。所述光源的光谱可以包括可见光光谱、红外线光谱、远红外线光谱等中的一种或多种的组合。所述接收端可以是探测器，可以探测所接收的信号的量和/或其变化、和/或提供相应的输出(例如，电信号或光学信号)。According to some embodiments of the present application, the PPG sensor may be a photosensor. Figure 5-B shows where the photosensors can be placed on the subject's body. The photoelectric sensor may include a transmitting end for emitting a light source and a receiving end for acquiring a signal generated by the emitted light source. The acquired signal can be used to derive or provide a PPG value. For convenience, a PPG signal as used herein may refer to a derived PPG value or an acquisition signal used to derive the PPG value. The light source may comprise a light source having a suitable wavelength, including, for example, one or a combination of more of red, green, blue, infrared, violet, yellow, orange, and the like. The spectrum of the light source may include one or a combination of one or more of the visible light spectrum, the infrared spectrum, the far infrared spectrum, and the like. The receiving end may be a detector, which may detect the amount and/or change of the received signal, and/or provide a corresponding output (eg, an electrical or optical signal).

如图5-B所示，光电传感器可以放置在主体身体的多个位置处。所述位置可以包括头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂、腕部、腰部、上腿、膝盖、脚踝等中的一种或多种的组合。放置在身体多个位置处的光电传感器可以用于获取多个信号，包括与相应身体位置处的脉搏相关的信息。仅作为示例，放置在主体头部上的光电传感器的光源可以将一个或多个光信号发射至附近的血管，接收端可以获取发射的光源产生的一个或多个信号。在一些实施例中，所述获取信号可以是PPG信号或者与PPG信号相关，所述PPG信号反映头部或其部分上与脉搏或血液相关的信息。在一些实施例中，所述获取的PPG信号可以用于计算感兴趣生理参数(例如，血压)，所述感兴趣生理参数可以反映主体的头部或其部分的健康状况。在一些实施例中，PPG波的变化可以反映主体的头部或其部分附近位置的血管的变化或血液粘度的变化。类似地，身体其他位置的血液相关信息可以通过放置在身体一个或多个位置处的一个或多个光电传感器获取。As shown in Figure 5-B, the photosensors can be placed at various locations on the subject's body. The location may include one or a combination of one or more of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, upper leg, knee, ankle, and the like. Photoelectric sensors placed at various locations on the body can be used to acquire a number of signals, including information related to the pulse at corresponding body locations. For example only, a light source of a photosensor placed on a subject's head may transmit one or more light signals to nearby blood vessels, and a receiving end may acquire one or more signals generated by the emitted light source. In some embodiments, the acquisition signal may be or be related to a PPG signal reflecting pulse or blood related information on the head or part thereof. In some embodiments, the acquired PPG signal may be used to calculate a physiological parameter of interest (eg, blood pressure) that may reflect the health of the subject's head or portion thereof. In some embodiments, changes in PPG waves may reflect changes in blood vessels or changes in blood viscosity at locations near the subject's head or portion thereof. Similarly, blood-related information elsewhere on the body may be acquired by one or more photosensors placed at one or more locations on the body.

上述描述仅仅是出于为说明性目的，并不限制本公开的范围。多种替换、修改和变形对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其他特征可以以各种方式组合以获得另外的和/或替代性的示例性实施例。例如，可以将一个或多个光电传感器添加到图5-B所示的位置配置以外的身体其他位置。在身体一个位置上，可以放置除了单独传感器以外的传感器阵列(将在图6中详细描述)。The above description is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, one or more photosensors can be added to other locations on the body than the location configuration shown in Figure 5-B. At one location on the body, an array of sensors other than individual sensors may be placed (described in detail in Figure 6).

图6-A至6-D是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的传感器阵列的示意图。传感器阵列可以包括多个部分。所述传感器阵列的一部分可以是一个传感器、或传感器的一个接收端、或传感器的一个发射端。如图6-A至6-D所示，所述传感器阵列的部分可以排布成椭圆形阵列、矩形阵列、菱形阵列、圆形阵列等中的一种或多种的组合。6-A through 6-D are schematic diagrams of sensor arrays shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. The sensor array may include multiple sections. A portion of the sensor array may be a sensor, or a receiving end of a sensor, or a transmitting end of a sensor. As shown in Figures 6-A to 6-D, portions of the sensor array may be arranged in one or a combination of one or more of elliptical arrays, rectangular arrays, diamond arrays, circular arrays, and the like.

在一些实施例中，所述传感器阵列的一部分可以是一个传感器。所述传感器阵列可以包括一种或多种类型的传感器。例如，传感器阵列可以包括至少一个光电传感器和至少另一类型的传感器。在一个示例中，所述传感器阵列可以包括一系列PPG传感器。所述传感器阵列可以配置为获取一系列PPG信号。In some embodiments, a portion of the sensor array may be a sensor. The sensor array may include one or more types of sensors. For example, the sensor array may include at least one photosensor and at least one other type of sensor. In one example, the sensor array may include a series of PPG sensors. The sensor array can be configured to acquire a series of PPG signals.

在一些实施例中，所述传感器阵列的一部分可以是传感器的一个接收端。所述传感器阵列可以包括一个或多个接收端。所述一个或多个接收端可以配置为接收基于相同的光源或基于不同的光源产生的信号。所述光源可以通过传感器的一个或多个发射端发射。所述一个或多个发射端可以集成至所述传感器阵列中，或位于所述传感器阵列外部、或位于系统任意模块或单元中。在一个示例中，在PPG信号检测期间，所述一个或多个发射端可以同时或连续地向一个感兴趣位置发射一系列光信号。因此，所述传感器阵列可以获取一系列信号。在一些实施例中，所述获取的一系列信号可以用于提供从身体的感兴趣位置处检测到一系列PPG信号。In some embodiments, a portion of the sensor array may be a receiving end of the sensor. The sensor array may include one or more receivers. The one or more receivers may be configured to receive signals generated based on the same light source or based on different light sources. The light source may be emitted through one or more emitting ends of the sensor. The one or more transmitters may be integrated into the sensor array, or located outside the sensor array, or in any module or unit of the system. In one example, during PPG signal detection, the one or more transmitters may simultaneously or continuously transmit a series of optical signals to a location of interest. Thus, the sensor array can acquire a series of signals. In some embodiments, the acquired series of signals may be used to provide a series of PPG signals detected from a location of interest on the body.

在一些实施例中，所述传感器阵列的一部分可以是传感器的一个发射端。所述传感器阵列可以包括一个或多个发射端。所述一个或多个发射端可以配置为用于向身体的一个感兴趣位置发射一系列光。一个或多个接收端可以集成至传感器阵列中，或位于传感器阵列外部、或位于传感器阵列附近一个模块或单元中。所述一个或多个接收端可以基于由该系列发射端发射的该系列光获取一系列信号。在一些实施例中，该系列获取的信号可以用于提供从身体的感兴趣位置检测到的一系列PPG信号。In some embodiments, a portion of the sensor array may be a transmitter of a sensor. The sensor array may include one or more transmitters. The one or more emitting ends may be configured to emit a series of light at a location of interest on the body. One or more receivers may be integrated into the sensor array, or located outside the sensor array, or in a module or unit adjacent to the sensor array. The one or more receivers may acquire a series of signals based on the series of lights transmitted by the series of transmitters. In some embodiments, the series of acquired signals may be used to provide a series of PPG signals detected from locations of interest on the body.

在一些实施例中，通过传感器阵列获取的信号可以使用一个或多个信号处理方法例如，图8-A至8-E所述的方法进行分析和/或处理。在一些实施例中，可以对获取信号进行处理或分析以生成新信号。仅作为示例，所述新信号可以是所获取信号的中值或平均值。又例如，通过传感器阵列获取的信号可以包括第一获取信号和第二获取信号；所述第一获取信号可以表示测量误差；所述第二获取信号可以包括所述测量误差或受其影响；所述第一获取信号可以用于校正或以其他方式修正所述第二获取信号。例如，可以使用传感器阵列获取一系列PPG信号。所述传感器阵列可以包括PPG传感器的可以发射不同光信号的一个发射端和两个接收端，所述接收端可以基于发射的光信号获取与PPG相关的PPG信号。所述第一获取信号可以与由主体内脏运动导致的测量误差相关；所述第二获取信号可以是包括至少部分的所述测量误差的一个粗PPG信号；并且所述第一获取信号和所述第二获取信号可以经分析和处理生成一个新PPG信号，所述新PPG信号中至少部分的测量误差已得到校正。新PPG信号可以在随后步骤中用于计算感兴趣生理参数。In some embodiments, the signals acquired by the sensor array may be analyzed and/or processed using one or more signal processing methods such as those described in Figures 8-A through 8-E. In some embodiments, acquired signals may be processed or analyzed to generate new signals. For example only, the new signal may be the median or average value of the acquired signals. For another example, the signals acquired by the sensor array may include a first acquired signal and a second acquired signal; the first acquired signal may represent a measurement error; the second acquired signal may include or be affected by the measurement error; The first acquired signal may be used to correct or otherwise modify the second acquired signal. For example, a sensor array can be used to acquire a series of PPG signals. The sensor array may include one transmitting end and two receiving ends of the PPG sensor that can transmit different optical signals, and the receiving ends may acquire PPG signals related to PPG based on the transmitted optical signals. the first acquired signal may be related to measurement errors caused by movement of the subject's viscera; the second acquired signal may be a coarse PPG signal including at least part of the measurement error; and the first acquired signal and the The second acquired signal may be analyzed and processed to generate a new PPG signal in which at least part of the measurement error has been corrected. The new PPG signal can be used in subsequent steps to calculate the physiological parameter of interest.

图6-A所示的是包括十一个部分的椭圆形阵列。图6-B所示的是包括九个部分的矩形阵列。图6-C所示的是包括九个部分的菱形阵列。图6-D所示的是包括九个部分的圆形的阵列。Shown in Figure 6-A is an elliptical array comprising eleven sections. Shown in Figure 6-B is a rectangular array comprising nine sections. Shown in Figure 6-C is a diamond-shaped array comprising nine sections. Illustrated in Figure 6-D is a circular array comprising nine sections.

上述描述仅仅是出于为说明性目的，并不限制本申请的范围。多种替换、修改和变形对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。本文描述的示例性实施例的特征、结构、方法和其他特征可以以各种方式组合以获得另外的和/或替代性的示例性实施例。例如，除所述的椭圆形阵列、矩形阵列、菱形阵列、圆形阵列以外，其他类型的阵列也可以用于传感器阵列设计。又例如，椭圆形阵列可以包括多于或少于十一个的部分。再例如，所述部分的位置可以与图6-A至6-D中所示不同。例如，矩形阵列可以是3×3阵列、6×6阵列、9×9阵列、m×m阵列、m×n阵列，其中m不等于n等中的一种或多种的组合。再例如，传感器阵列可以包括至少两种类型的传感器。例如，传感器阵列可以包括PPG传感器和温度传感器。The above description is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the application. Numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, in addition to the elliptical arrays, rectangular arrays, diamond arrays, circular arrays described, other types of arrays can be used in the sensor array design. As another example, an elliptical array may include more or less than eleven sections. As another example, the positions of the portions may be different from those shown in Figures 6-A to 6-D. For example, a rectangular array may be a 3x3 array, a 6x6 array, a 9x9 array, an mxm array, an mxn array, where m is not equal to a combination of one or more of n, and the like. As another example, the sensor array may include at least two types of sensors. For example, the sensor array may include PPG sensors and temperature sensors.

图7是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的用于估算感兴趣生理参数的过程的示例性流程图。从步骤710开始，可以获取包括第一信号和一个或多个第二信号的信息。在一些实施例中，可以获取多个第一信号。所述信号或相关信息的获取可以由信息获取模块210执行。所述信号或相关信息中的至少部分可以通过一个或多个传感器获取。传感器中的至少一些可以为系统100的一部分，或者与系统100或其一部分通信。所述信号或相关信息的至少部分可以通过，例如，主体、主体以外的用户或第三方提供。所述信号或相关信息的至少部分可以从信息获取模块210、服务器120、存储单元480、本申请任何地方的存储设备等中的一种或多种的组合中获取。仅作为示例，所述第一信号和第二信号可以是生理信号，包括，例如，心电图(ECG)信号、脉搏相关(或脉搏波相关)信号(例如，PPG信号)、心音图(PCG)信号、阻抗心电图(ICG)信号等中的一种或任意种的组合。例如，所述第一信号可以是ECG信号；所述第二信号可以是多个PPG信号。可以以图5-A所示的12导联检测ECG信号。所述多个第二信号可以通过多个传感器或传感器阵列获取。例如，所述多个第二信号可以通过利用图5-B所示的主体身体多个位置处的多个传感器、多个传感器阵列获取。又例如，至少一个所述第二信号可以使用一个传感器获取；至少一个所述第二信号可以使用一个传感器阵列获取；并且所述传感器和传感器阵列可以放置在主体身体相同的位置处或者主体身体不同的位置处。7 is an exemplary flowchart of a process for estimating a physiological parameter of interest, shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. Beginning atstep 710, information including a first signal and one or more second signals can be obtained. In some embodiments, multiple first signals may be acquired. The acquisition of the signal or related information may be performed by theinformation acquisition module 210 . At least some of the signals or related information may be acquired by one or more sensors. At least some of the sensors may be part ofsystem 100 or be in communication withsystem 100 or a portion thereof. At least part of the signal or related information may be provided by, for example, the subject, a user other than the subject, or a third party. At least part of the signal or related information may be obtained from a combination of one or more of theinformation obtaining module 210, theserver 120, thestorage unit 480, a storage device anywhere in this application, and the like. By way of example only, the first and second signals may be physiological signals including, for example, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, pulse-related (or pulse-wave-related) signals (eg, PPG signals), phonocardiogram (PCG) signals , impedance electrocardiogram (ICG) signal, etc., or a combination of any. For example, the first signal may be an ECG signal; the second signal may be a plurality of PPG signals. ECG signals can be detected in 12 leads as shown in Figure 5-A. The plurality of second signals may be acquired by a plurality of sensors or sensor arrays. For example, the plurality of second signals may be acquired by using a plurality of sensors, a plurality of sensor arrays, at various positions on the subject's body as shown in FIG. 5-B. As another example, at least one of the second signals can be acquired using one sensor; at least one of the second signals can be acquired using an array of sensors; and the sensors and sensor arrays can be placed at the same location on the subject's body or different from the subject's body at the location.

在一些实施例中，所述第一信号和所述多个第二信号可以在相同或相近时间同步地获取。在一些实施例中，所述多个第二信号可以在相同或相近时间同步地获取在一些实施例中，所述多个第二信号可以连续地获取。In some embodiments, the first signal and the plurality of second signals may be acquired synchronously at the same or near time. In some embodiments, the plurality of second signals may be acquired synchronously at the same or near time. In some embodiments, the plurality of second signals may be acquired consecutively.

在步骤720中，可以预处理至少部分的所获取的信息。在一些实施例中，可以预处理获取的所述第一信号和/或获取的所述多个第二信号。可以通过预处理减少或去除信号或信号相关数据中的噪声或干扰。所述预处理可以由分析模块220执行。可以用于预处理的典型的方法可以包括低通滤波、带通滤波、小波转换、中值滤波、形态滤波、曲线拟合或Hilbert-Huang转换等中的一种或任意种的组合。在预处理过程中，本文提及的方法可以并行使用或可以组合使用。关于用于减少或去除来自生理信号(例如PPG信号或ECG信号)的噪声的方法和系统的描述可以参考文献，例如，2015年4月20日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/077026的国际专利申请、2015年4月20日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/077025的国际专利申请和2015年5月27日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/079956的国际专利申请，其中每一个的内容通过引用的形式并入本文。此外，时间域或频率域的实时转换还可以在步骤720中执行，并且所述信号或相关信息可以用于时间域、频率域或以上两者中。Instep 720, at least a portion of the acquired information may be preprocessed. In some embodiments, the acquired first signal and/or the acquired plurality of second signals may be preprocessed. Noise or interference in a signal or signal-related data can be reduced or removed through preprocessing. The preprocessing may be performed by theanalysis module 220 . Typical methods that can be used for preprocessing may include one or a combination of low pass filtering, band pass filtering, wavelet transform, median filtering, morphological filtering, curve fitting or Hilbert-Huang transform, among others. During preprocessing, the methods mentioned herein can be used in parallel or can be used in combination. For descriptions of methods and systems for reducing or removing noise from physiological signals such as PPG signals or ECG signals, reference may be made to, for example, International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2015/077026 filed on April 20, 2015 Application, International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2015/077025 filed on April 20, 2015 and International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2015/079956 filed on May 27, 2015, the content of each of which is passed The form of reference is incorporated herein. In addition, real-time conversion in time domain or frequency domain can also be performed instep 720, and the signal or related information can be used in time domain, frequency domain, or both.

在步骤730和步骤740中，可以识别所述第一信号的第一特征和所述多个第二信号的第二特征。所述第一特征和所述第二特征的识别可以在相同或相近时间同步地进行。在血压监测的典型环境中，所述第一信号或所述第二信号可以包括ECG信号、PPG信号、BCG信号等；所述第一信号或所述第二信号的典型特征可以包括波形、特征点、振幅、相位、频率、周期、信号的一阶矩、信号的高阶矩、信号的一阶导数或信号的高阶导数等中的一种或任意种的组合。所述特征点可以包括波的峰值点/谷值点/最快上升点、波的起点、波的终点等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，步骤730和步骤740中识别的特征可以包括ECG信号中的R波的顶点、PPG信号的最大正峰值、PPG信号的最快上升点、PPG波的起点等中的一种或多种的组合。Insteps 730 and 740, a first characteristic of the first signal and a second characteristic of the plurality of second signals may be identified. The identification of the first feature and the second feature may be performed synchronously at the same or close time. In a typical environment of blood pressure monitoring, the first signal or the second signal may include an ECG signal, a PPG signal, a BCG signal, etc.; typical characteristics of the first signal or the second signal may include waveforms, characteristics One or any combination of point, amplitude, phase, frequency, period, first-order moment of signal, higher-order moment of signal, first-order derivative of signal, or higher-order derivative of signal, etc. The characteristic points may include one or a combination of one or more of the peak point/valley point/fastest rising point of the wave, the start point of the wave, the end point of the wave, and the like. In some embodiments, the features identified insteps 730 and 740 may include one of the apex of the R wave in the ECG signal, the largest positive peak of the PPG signal, the fastest rising point of the PPG signal, the beginning of the PPG wave, etc. or a combination of more than one.

在一些实施例中，在识别所述多个第二特征之前，可以分析和处理所述多个第二信号。在一些实施例中，可以数学处理所述多个第二信号。所述多个第二信号中的一个第二信号可以用于校正所述多个第二信号中的一个或多个第二信号。可以对所述多个第二信号进行分析和处理以生成一个或多个新信号(也可以称为“第三信号”)。在一些实施例中，所述多个第二信号可以是通过放置在主体身体的多个位置处的多个传感器和/或传感器阵列获取的多个PPG信号。例如，所述多个第二信号可以是通过位于主体身体的多个位置处的多个PPG传感器获取的多个PPG信号。又例如，所述多个第二信号可以是通过多个传感器阵列获取的多个系列的PPG信号，所述多个传感器阵列可以如图6-A至6-D所示放置在主体身体的多个位置处。如在本文使用的，“一系列PPG信号”指的是通过一个传感器阵列从主体身体的一个位置处获取的PPG信号。因此“多个系列的PPG信号”可以指的是通过多个传感器阵列从主体身体的多个位置处获取的PPG信号。典型的身体位置可以包括头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂、腕部、腰部、上腿、膝盖和脚踝。在一些实施例中，通过传感器阵列获取的一系列PPG信号可以通过一个或多个信号处理方法(例如，图8-A至8-E所述)进行分析和/或处理以生成一个新PPG信号。因此，多个新PPG信号可以由多个系列的PPG信号生成。在一些实施例中，所述新PPG信号可以是获取的多个PPG信号的中值或平均值。然后在步骤740中，可以从所述多个新PPG信号中识别多个第二特征。In some embodiments, the plurality of second signals may be analyzed and processed prior to identifying the plurality of second characteristics. In some embodiments, the plurality of second signals may be mathematically processed. One of the plurality of second signals may be used to correct one or more of the plurality of second signals. The plurality of second signals may be analyzed and processed to generate one or more new signals (also referred to as "third signals"). In some embodiments, the plurality of second signals may be a plurality of PPG signals acquired by a plurality of sensors and/or sensor arrays placed at a plurality of locations on the subject's body. For example, the plurality of second signals may be a plurality of PPG signals acquired by a plurality of PPG sensors located at a plurality of locations on the subject's body. For another example, the plurality of second signals may be a plurality of series of PPG signals acquired by a plurality of sensor arrays, and the plurality of sensor arrays may be placed on a plurality of positions of the subject's body as shown in FIGS. 6-A to 6-D. at a location. As used herein, a "series of PPG signals" refers to PPG signals acquired from a location on a subject's body by a sensor array. Thus "a plurality of series of PPG signals" may refer to PPG signals acquired from a plurality of locations on a subject's body by a plurality of sensor arrays. Typical body locations may include the head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arms, wrists, waist, upper legs, knees, and ankles. In some embodiments, a series of PPG signals acquired by the sensor array may be analyzed and/or processed by one or more signal processing methods (eg, as described in Figures 8-A through 8-E) to generate a new PPG signal . Thus, multiple new PPG signals can be generated from multiple series of PPG signals. In some embodiments, the new PPG signal may be a median or an average value of a plurality of acquired PPG signals. Then instep 740, a plurality of second characteristics may be identified from the plurality of new PPG signals.

在步骤750中，可以基于识别的所述第一信号和所述多个第二信号的特征确定多个参数。在一些实施例中，所述参数可以是脉搏传导时间(PTT)。如本文所述，所述脉搏传导时间可以指的是一个ECG信号和一个脉搏波相关信号，例如，PPG信号的特征点之间的时间间隔。例如，脉搏传导时间(PTT)是通过一个ECG的基准点(典型地R峰值，但也可以是Q/S峰值，或者甚至是一个可用的P/T波)和一个标记脉搏到达(例如，PPG波的起点或最快上升点等)的基准点之间的时间间隔确定的。又例如，脉搏传导时间(PTT)是通过在不同的身体位置处(例如颈动脉和股动脉)检测到的两个脉搏波信号(例如，两个PPG信号)之间的时间间隔确定的。在步骤760中，可以使用多个确定的参数计算血压。在一些实施例中，可以基于步骤760中确定的脉搏传导时间(PTT)计算血压。Instep 750, a plurality of parameters may be determined based on the identified characteristics of the first signal and the plurality of second signals. In some embodiments, the parameter may be pulse transit time (PTT). As described herein, the pulse transit time may refer to the time interval between an ECG signal and a characteristic point of a pulse wave-related signal, eg, a PPG signal. For example, pulse transit time (PTT) is measured by an ECG fiducial (typically R peak, but also Q/S peak, or even a usable P/T wave) and a marker pulse arrival (eg, PPG The time interval between the reference points of the starting point of the wave or the fastest rising point, etc.) is determined. As another example, pulse transit time (PTT) is determined by the time interval between two pulse wave signals (eg, two PPG signals) detected at different body locations (eg, carotid and femoral arteries). Instep 760, blood pressure may be calculated using the plurality of determined parameters. In some embodiments, the blood pressure may be calculated based on the pulse transit time (PTT) determined instep 760 .

在识别一个或多个信号特征之前，可以进行预处理步骤以评估获取信号(例如，ECG信号或PPG信号等)。例如，可以在识别一个或多个信号特征之前，访问获取的ECG信号。可以进行评估以鉴定是否获取有效的ECG信号。所述评估可以通过例如，模式识别程序的方式进行。例如，获取的ECG信号的R峰值可以通过模式识别程序来确定。在一些实施例中，所述系统可以识别不适于确定脉搏传导时间(PTT)的不正常信号或波形(例如，不正常的窦性心律R波、其他生理信号等)，可以放弃这种不正常信号或波形以避免其参与随后的计算或分析。在一些实施例中，可以将获取的ECG信号与参考信号进行比较，以确定所述获取的ECG信号是否包括不正常的R波。所述参考信号可以是正常的窦性心律ECG信号，或者可以从具有历史数据的数据库中获取。Before identifying one or more signal features, a preprocessing step may be performed to evaluate the acquired signal (eg, ECG signal or PPG signal, etc.). For example, the acquired ECG signal can be accessed prior to identifying one or more signal characteristics. An assessment can be made to identify whether a valid ECG signal is obtained. The evaluation can be carried out, for example, by means of a pattern recognition procedure. For example, the R-peak of an acquired ECG signal can be determined by a pattern recognition procedure. In some embodiments, the system may identify abnormal signals or waveforms (eg, abnormal sinus rhythm R waves, other physiological signals, etc.) that are not suitable for determining pulse transit time (PTT), and may discard such abnormal A signal or waveform to avoid its involvement in subsequent calculations or analysis. In some embodiments, the acquired ECG signal may be compared to a reference signal to determine whether the acquired ECG signal includes abnormal R waves. The reference signal may be a normal sinus rhythm ECG signal, or may be obtained from a database with historical data.

ECG波形和PPG波形是周期信号，即所述特征点基本上是循环地或者周期性地出现。因此，脉搏传导时间(PTT’)可以通过ECG波形的QRS波群上的最大点与随后的(第二)PPG波形的峰值点的时间间隔近似计算。类似地，脉搏传导时间(PTT”)也可以通过ECG波形的QRS波群的峰值点和另一个(第三)PPG波形的峰值点之间的时间间隔近似计算。PTT’值和PTT”值大于PTT值，则基于这种不准确的PTT’值和的PTT”值估算血压或其他感兴趣生理参数时可能会发生误差或偏差。通过使用同一周期(由同一次心跳驱动)的PPG波形作为ECG波形可以避免或减少这种误差或偏差。因此，在PPG波形的特征点识别期间，可以设置一个关于时间窗口或时间段的阈值，可以在该阈值内识别PPG波形上的特征点并用于确定PTT。在一个示例中，所述时间窗口可以为2秒或更短。仅作为示例，可以在从识别出ECG波形上的最大点的时间点开始2秒内的一段PPG波形的上进行分析以识别PPG波形上的基准点，从而近似计算PTT。又例如，可以在ECG波形的两个连续峰值点之间的一段PPG波形上进行分析以识别PPG波形上的基准点，从而近似计算PTT。进一步例如，可以基于主体的心率设定时间窗口。例如，设定时间窗口可以基于在获取时间或者相近时间的主体心率、一段时间内主体的平均心率、一群人(例如，与主体享有相同或相似特征的一子群人)的平均心率；并且典型的特征可以包括年龄、性别、国家、身材、体重、体脂率、皮肤颜色、家族史、生活方式、锻炼习惯或其他习惯、日常饮食、职业、疾病史、教育背景、婚姻状态或宗教信仰等中的一种或任意种的组合。The ECG waveform and the PPG waveform are periodic signals, ie the characteristic points appear substantially cyclically or periodically. Therefore, the pulse transit time (PTT') can be approximated by the time interval between the maximum point on the QRS complex of the ECG waveform and the peak point of the following (second) PPG waveform. Similarly, the pulse transit time (PTT") can also be approximated by the time interval between the peak point of the QRS complex of the ECG waveform and the peak point of another (third) PPG waveform. The PTT' value and the PTT" value are greater than PTT value, errors or biases may occur when estimating blood pressure or other physiological parameters of interest based on such inaccurate PTT' values and PTT'' values. By using the PPG waveform of the same cycle (driven by the same heartbeat) as the ECG The waveform can avoid or reduce this error or bias. Therefore, during the identification of the characteristic points of the PPG waveform, a threshold can be set with respect to the time window or time period within which the characteristic points on the PPG waveform can be identified and used to determine the PTT In one example, the time window may be 2 seconds or less. By way of example only, analysis may be performed on a segment of the PPG waveform within 2 seconds from the time point at which the maximum point on the ECG waveform is identified to identify The reference point on the PPG waveform, thereby approximately calculates PTT. Another example, can be analyzed to identify the reference point on the PPG waveform on a section of the PPG waveform between two continuous peak points of the ECG waveform, thereby approximately calculating the PTT. Further for example , the time window can be set based on the subject's heart rate. For example, the set time window can be based on the subject's heart rate at or near the acquisition time, the subject's average heart rate over a period of time, a group of people (e.g., those who share the same or similar characteristics as the subject) average heart rate for a subgroup of people); and typical characteristics may include age, gender, country, body size, weight, body fat percentage, skin color, family history, lifestyle, exercise or other habits, diet, occupation, disease History, educational background, marital status, or religious beliefs, etc., or any combination.

ECG的周期或PPG的周期是可变。例如，不同主体的ECG周期或PPG周期可以是不同的。又例如，相同主体的ECG周期或PPG周期在不同情况下(例如，主体锻炼或者睡眠时、一天的不同时间、不同天的相同或相近时间等中的一种或多种的组合)可以变化。在一个示例中，可以基于主体的心率设定时间窗口阈值(例如，人均周期近似为每分钟60至120次心跳)。心率可以是一段时间内的平均值(例如，一个星期、一个月或一年等)。心率可以是在获取时间或获取时间附近测量的。心率可以基于ECG信号或PPG信号测量。可以基于测量的心率设定或更新时间窗口。在另一个示例中，时间窗口可以基于主体的生理信息由，例如，系统、主体、或主体以外的用户设定。例如，生理信息可以包括运动与否、服药与否、情绪好坏、压力大小等中的一种或多种的组合。在另一个示例中，时间窗口可以是由系统、主体或主体以外的用户(例如，主体的医生或医疗人员等)定义的固定值。The period of the ECG or the period of the PPG is variable. For example, the ECG cycle or PPG cycle may be different for different subjects. As another example, the same subject's ECG cycle or PPG cycle may vary under different circumstances (eg, a combination of one or more of when the subject is exercising or sleeping, different times of day, same or similar times of different days, etc.). In one example, a time window threshold may be set based on the subject's heart rate (eg, a per capita cycle of approximately 60 to 120 beats per minute). The heart rate can be an average over a period of time (eg, a week, a month, a year, etc.). Heart rate can be measured at or near the acquisition time. Heart rate can be measured based on ECG signals or PPG signals. The time window can be set or updated based on the measured heart rate. In another example, the time window may be set by, eg, the system, the subject, or a user outside the subject based on the subject's physiological information. For example, the physiological information may include one or a combination of one or more of exercise, medication, mood, stress, and the like. In another example, the time window may be a fixed value defined by the system, the subject, or a user other than the subject (eg, the subject's doctor or medical personnel, etc.).

在步骤750中，可以基于一组确定的PTT近似计算诸如脉搏传导时间变化(PTTV)的参数。诸如HRV的参数可以基于一组△RR确定。如本文所述，△RR指的是两个相邻R波(QRS波形的最大点)之间的时间间隔。关于确定PTT的更多说明可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请，其通过引用形式并入本文。Instep 750, parameters such as pulse transit time variation (PTTV) may be approximated based on a set of determined PTTs. Parameters such as HRV can be determined based on a set of ΔRR. As described herein, ΔRR refers to the time interval between two adjacent R waves (the maximum point of the QRS waveform). For more details on determining PTT, reference can be made to the international patent application with application number PCT/CN2015/083334 filed on July 3, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference.

在一些实施例中，可以生成多个参数之间的关系信息(图7未示)。所述关系信息可以存储服务器120、分析模块220、或者本申请任意其他地方披露的任何存储设备。在一些实施例中，所述关系信息可以提供关于补偿项的指导。可以将补偿项添加至在步骤760中一个用于计算血压的模型中。例如，参考公式9。在一些实施例中，可以生成所获取的多个第二信号之间的关系信息(图7未示)。类似地，可以检索所述关系信息以生成一个补偿项。In some embodiments, relationship information between multiple parameters may be generated (not shown in FIG. 7 ). The relationship information may be stored in theserver 120, theanalysis module 220, or any storage device disclosed elsewhere in this application. In some embodiments, the relationship information may provide guidance on compensation terms. Compensation terms can be added to a model used to calculate blood pressure instep 760 . For example, see Equation 9. In some embodiments, relationship information between the acquired plurality of second signals may be generated (not shown in FIG. 7 ). Similarly, the relationship information can be retrieved to generate a compensation term.

在步骤760中，可以基于包括，例如，确定的PTT、PTTV、HRV等中的一种或多种的组合的参数计算多个血压值。一个或多个计算模型可以存储于服务器120、分析模块220、或者本申请任意其他地方披露的任何存储设备。在计算期间，可以基于主体的个人数据、通用数据、历史附加信息等中的一种或多种的组合来检索一个或多个偏好模型。如本文所述，所述偏好模型可以指的相较于一个或多个其他模型可以提供从获取信息获取感兴趣生理参数更精确的估计。Instep 760, a plurality of blood pressure values may be calculated based on parameters including, for example, a combination of one or more of the determined PTT, PTTV, HRV, and the like. One or more computational models may be stored onserver 120,analysis module 220, or any storage device disclosed elsewhere in this application. During computation, one or more preference models may be retrieved based on a combination of one or more of the subject's personal data, general data, historical additional information, and the like. As described herein, the preference model may refer to one or more other models that may provide more accurate estimates of physiological parameters of interest from acquired information.

在一些实施例中，步骤710中获取的所述多个第二信号可以是从主体的多个身体位置处获取的多个PPG信号。因此，在步骤760中，可以基于所述多个PPG信号计算多个身体位置的多个血压值。类似地，在一些实施例中，可以计算多个身体位置处的多个感兴趣生理参数。可以生成多个血压之间的关系信息(图7未示)。如上所述，在一些实施例中，可以生成已确定的多个参数之间的关系信息或者所述多个第二信号之间的关系信息。In some embodiments, the plurality of second signals obtained instep 710 may be a plurality of PPG signals obtained from a plurality of body locations of the subject. Thus, instep 760, a plurality of blood pressure values for a plurality of body locations may be calculated based on the plurality of PPG signals. Similarly, in some embodiments, multiple physiological parameters of interest at multiple body locations may be calculated. Relationship information between a plurality of blood pressures can be generated (not shown in FIG. 7 ). As described above, in some embodiments, relationship information among the determined plurality of parameters or relationship information among the plurality of second signals may be generated.

在一些实施例中，所述关系信息可以用于检测计算生理参数期间是否有误差。例如，一个身体位置的第二信号的误差可以反映至少部分或整组的第二信号的测量的可能的问题。又例如，包括多个身体位置的第二信号的分布的所述关系信息可以反映病理状况。例如，从主体身体的多个位置的第二信号推导出的血压的正态分布的偏差可以反映动脉硬化。In some embodiments, the relationship information can be used to detect whether there is an error during the calculation of the physiological parameter. For example, errors in the second signal for one body position may reflect possible problems with the measurement of at least some or the entire set of second signals. As another example, the relationship information including the distribution of the second signal for multiple body locations may reflect a pathological condition. For example, deviations from the normal distribution of blood pressure derived from second signals at multiple locations on the subject's body may reflect arteriosclerosis.

在一些实施例中，可以基于所述关系信息生成指导信息。所述指导信息可以与计算模型的选取相关，所述计算模型可以基于获取的信号计算主体的感兴趣生理参数，所述获取的信号可以包括，例如，第一信号或第二信号等。例如，对于患有动脉硬化的主体和没有动脉硬化的主体，可以使用不同的计算模型并基于PTT值来计算血压。所述指导信息可以是修正模型，用于计算主体的感兴趣生理参数。在一些实施例中，所述修正可以包括补偿项。例如，参考如下所述公式9。所述补偿项可以与主体身体不同位置的多个第二信号或从多个第二信号推导的信息的分布或相互关系相关。例如，补偿项可以与多个身体位置的PTT值的分布相关。所述补偿项可以是两个或更多个身体位置的PTT值之间的差值的关系。所述关系可以以如下函数形式表达：线性函数、次多项式、指数函数、对数函数、三角函数、反三角函数、双曲函数等中的一种或多种的组合。例如，可以将左臂的PTT值与右臂的PTT值进行比较。可以对这两个PTT值之间的相互关系或差值进行分析以生成一个补偿项。又例如，所述比较可以在左上臂的PPT值、右上臂的PPT值、左踝关节的PPT值和右踝关节的PPT值之间进行，可以分析这四个PTT值之间的相互关系或差值以生成一个补偿项。In some embodiments, guidance information may be generated based on the relationship information. The guidance information may be related to the selection of a computational model, which may calculate physiological parameters of interest of the subject based on acquired signals, which may include, for example, a first signal or a second signal, or the like. For example, for subjects with arteriosclerosis and subjects without arteriosclerosis, different calculation models can be used to calculate blood pressure based on the PTT value. The guidance information may be a modified model for calculating the subject's physiological parameter of interest. In some embodiments, the correction may include a compensation term. For example, refer to Equation 9 as described below. The compensation term may be related to a distribution or correlation of a plurality of second signals or information derived from a plurality of second signals at different locations on the subject's body. For example, the compensation term may be related to the distribution of PTT values for multiple body locations. The compensation term may be a relationship of the difference between the PTT values of two or more body positions. The relationship may be expressed in the following functional form: a combination of one or more of linear functions, degree polynomials, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, and the like. For example, the PTT value of the left arm can be compared to the PTT value of the right arm. The correlation or difference between these two PTT values can be analyzed to generate a compensation term. For another example, the comparison can be performed between the PPT value of the left upper arm, the PPT value of the right upper arm, the PPT value of the left ankle joint, and the PPT value of the right ankle joint, and the relationship between the four PTT values can be analyzed or difference to generate a compensation term.

在一些实施例中，所述补偿项可以与一个或多个PTTV值相关。例如，可以基于一个身体位置处的一组确定的PTT值来确定一个或多个PTTV值。的补偿项可以是PTTV值之间的差值。所述关系可以以如下函数形式表达：线性函数、次多项式、指数函数、对数函数、三角函数、反三角函数、双曲函数等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，的补偿项可以与一个或多个HRV值(如上所述)相关。类似地，的补偿项可以是HRV值之间差值的关系。In some embodiments, the compensation term may be related to one or more PTTV values. For example, one or more PTTV values may be determined based on a determined set of PTT values at a body location. The compensation term of can be the difference between the PTTV values. The relationship may be expressed in the following functional form: a combination of one or more of linear functions, degree polynomials, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, and the like. In some embodiments, the compensation term may be related to one or more HRV values (as described above). Similarly, the compensation term can be the relationship of the difference between HRV values.

在一些实施例中，所述补偿项可以与PTTV值、HRV值或各种身体位置的两个或更多个PTT值之间的相互关系或差值等相关。在一些实施例中，所述补偿项可以是PTTV值和HRV值的关系。在一些实施例中，所述补偿项可以是HRV值与各种身体位置的两个或更多个PTT值之间的相互关系或差值之间的关系。在一些实施例中，所述补偿项可以是一个身体位置的PTTV值与各种身体位置的两个或更多个PTT值之间的相互关系或差值之间的关系。所述关系可以以如下函数形式表达：线性函数、次多项式、指数函数、对数函数、三角函数、反三角函数、双曲函数等中的一种或多种的组合。In some embodiments, the compensation term may relate to a PTTV value, HRV value, or a correlation or difference between two or more PTT values for various body positions, or the like. In some embodiments, the compensation term may be the relationship between the PTTV value and the HRV value. In some embodiments, the compensation term may be the correlation or difference between the HRV value and two or more PTT values for various body positions. In some embodiments, the compensation term may be a correlation or difference between the PTTV value for one body location and two or more PTT values for various body locations. The relationship may be expressed in the following functional form: a combination of one or more of linear functions, degree polynomials, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, and the like.

在步骤770中，可以在这个过程中进行标定。所述标定可以周期性地进行，或者根据主体指令进行，或者这些中的一种或多种的组合。所述标定可以将时变特性考虑在内。所述时变特性可以包括，例如特定主体的动脉延伸路径、特定主体的心脏活动、实时温度或湿度、特定主体的基准BP、特定主体的更新的数据库存储的历史数据(SBP/DBP值、BP计算算法等)，更新的数据库存储共享相同或相似特征(例如，年龄、性别、身材、体重、体脂率、皮肤颜色、家族史、生活方式、锻炼习惯、日常饮食、心理状况、健康状况、教育经历或职业等中的一种或任意种的组合)的人的参考数据等中的一种或任意种的组合。Instep 770, calibration can be performed during this process. The calibration may be performed periodically, or on command of the subject, or a combination of one or more of these. The calibration can take time-varying properties into account. The time-varying characteristics may include, for example, a subject-specific arterial extension path, subject-specific cardiac activity, real-time temperature or humidity, subject-specific baseline BP, subject-specific updated database-stored historical data (SBP/DBP values, BP computing algorithms, etc.), updated database storage shares the same or similar characteristics (e.g., age, gender, body size, weight, body fat percentage, skin color, family history, lifestyle, exercise habits, daily diet, psychological status, health status, One or any combination of reference data, etc., of persons with educational experience or occupation, etc., or any combination thereof.

{C＝(PTT₀,Blood Pressure₀)|PTT-a<PTT₀<PTT+b}公式1{C=(PTT₀ ,Blood Pressure₀ )|PTT-a<PTT₀ <PTT+b}Formula 1

所述标定数据可以包括生理参数、与生理参数相关的信息(例如，环境或个人信息)等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的生理参数可以包括PTT₀、DBP₀、PTTV₀或HRV₀等中的一种或多种的组合。典型的模型可以包括不同的函数或具有不同系数的相同函数。所述函数中的至少部分函数可以近似计算或解释感兴趣生理参数和获取信号(或获取信号的一些特征)之间的相关性。典型的函数可以包括不同的多项式，例如不同次幂的多项式、相同次幂不同系数的多项式等中的一种或多种的组合。例如，在局限性分析的特定条件下，只有在间隔内出现的标定值(C)可以被认为是公式式1：The calibration data may include one or a combination of one or more of physiological parameters, information related to physiological parameters (eg, environmental or personal information), and the like. Typical physiological parameters may include one or a combination of one or more of PTT₀ , DBP₀ , PTTV₀ or HRV₀ , among others. A typical model may include different functions or the same function with different coefficients. At least some of the functions may approximate or account for the correlation between the physiological parameter of interest and the acquired signal (or some characteristic of the acquired signal). Typical functions may include different polynomials, such as a combination of one or more of polynomials of different powers, polynomials of the same power with different coefficients, and the like. For example, under the specific conditions of the limitation analysis, only the calibration value (C) that occurs within the interval can be considered as Equation 1:

{C＝(PTT₀,Blood Pressure₀)|PTT-a<PTT₀<PTT+b}公式1{C=(PTT₀ ,Blood Pressure₀ )|PTT-a<PTT₀ <PTT+b}Formula 1

在一些实施例中，公式式1中的常数a和b可以是不依赖于特定测量而预先定义的。在一些实施例中，公式式1中常数a和b可以针对特定测量确定。所述常数可以基于，例如，从主体或其他主体(例如，普通人群的一个子群)获取的信息和感兴趣生理参数(例如，血压)确定。所述子群可以具有相同或相似特征，包括，例如，年龄、性别、国家、身材、体重、体脂率、皮肤颜色、家族史、生活方式、锻炼习惯或其他习惯、日常饮食、职业、疾病史、教育背景、婚姻状态或宗教信仰等中的一种或任意种的组合。a的值和b的值可以由主体、主体以外的用户、系统100等指定。In some embodiments, the constants a and b in Equation 1 may be predefined independent of a particular measurement. In some embodiments, the constants a and b in Equation 1 may be determined for a particular measurement. The constant may be determined based on, for example, information obtained from a subject or other subjects (eg, a subgroup of the general population) and a physiological parameter of interest (eg, blood pressure). The subgroups may have the same or similar characteristics, including, for example, age, gender, country, body size, weight, body fat percentage, skin color, family history, lifestyle, exercise or other habits, diet, occupation, disease History, educational background, marital status, or religious beliefs, etc., or any combination. The value of a and the value of b may be specified by the subject, a user other than the subject, thesystem 100 , or the like.

在一个示例中，已测量的PTT为1秒，则可以仅考虑PTT₀值落在1-a至1+b秒内的一组或多组标定值(C)。a的值和b的值可以是相同或不同的。仅作为示例，a的值是因子1*PTT，b的值是因子2*PTT。因子1和因子2可以是范围0至1中的任何数字。在一些实施例中，因子1和因子2可以是2％、5％、8％、10％、12％、15％、20％、25％或大于25％。在一些实施例中，因子1和因子2可以小于50％、40％、30％、25％、20％、15％、12％、10％、8％或5％。因子1和因子2可以是相同或不同的。In one example, the measured PTT is 1 second, then only one or more sets of calibration values (C) whose PTT₀ value falls within 1-a to 1+b seconds may be considered. The value of a and the value of b can be the same or different. For example only, the value of a is the factor 1*PTT and the value of b is the factor 2*PTT. Factor 1 and Factor 2 can be any number in therange 0 to 1. In some embodiments, Factor 1 and Factor 2 may be 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 20%, 25%, or greater than 25%. In some embodiments, Factor 1 and Factor 2 may be less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, or 5%. Factor 1 and Factor 2 can be the same or different.

关于计算和标定感兴趣生理参数的方法、模型和标定数据的更多描述可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请，其通过引用形式并入本文。For more descriptions of methods, models and calibration data for calculating and calibrating physiological parameters of interest, reference can be made to the International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2015/083334, filed on July 3, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference.

虽然上文已经描述了被认为构成本申请和/或其他实施例的内容，但是应当理解，可以对其进行各种修改，并且本文公开的主题可以以各种形式和实施例来实现，并且本公开可以应用于多种应用程序中，本文仅描述了其中一些。本领域技术人员将认识到，本公开可适用于各种修改和/或改进。例如，预处理步骤720可以不是必需的。此外，如果需要的话可以获取一个第三信号，所述第三信号可以是与所述第一信号或所述第二信号类型相同的信号，或者可以是与所述第一信号或所述第二信号不同的信号。While what is considered to constitute the present application and/or other embodiments has been described above, it should be understood that various modifications may be made thereto and that the subject matter disclosed herein may be embodied in various forms and embodiments, and the present The disclosure can be applied to a variety of applications, only some of which are described herein. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present disclosure is applicable to various modifications and/or improvements. For example, preprocessingstep 720 may not be necessary. In addition, a third signal may be acquired if desired, which may be of the same type as the first signal or the second signal, or may be the same as the first signal or the second signal Signal different signal.

图8-A至8-E是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的信号处理的示意图。可以对图7中提及的一个或多个第二信号进行分析和处理。所述分析和处理可以由分析模块220执行。在步骤801中可以获取信号(S)。所述获取可以由信息获取模块210执行。待处理信号(S)可以是多个PPG信号、多个系列的PPG信号、多个血氧数据、多个系列的血氧数据、多个体温数据、多个系列的体温数据等中的一种或多种的组合。如本文所述，一系列数据指的是从主体特定身体位置检测到的一组数据或一个数据集。也就是说多个系列的PPG信号指的是从主体身体的多个位置处检测到的多组PPG信号。8-A to 8-E are schematic diagrams of signal processing shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. One or more of the second signals mentioned in FIG. 7 can be analyzed and processed. The analysis and processing may be performed by theanalysis module 220 . In step 801 a signal (S) can be acquired. The obtaining may be performed by theinformation obtaining module 210 . The signal (S) to be processed may be one of multiple PPG signals, multiple series of PPG signals, multiple blood oxygen data, multiple series of blood oxygen data, multiple body temperature data, multiple series of body temperature data, etc. or a combination of more than one. As used herein, a series of data refers to a set of data or a data set detected from a specific body location of a subject. That is, multiple series of PPG signals refer to multiple sets of PPG signals detected from multiple locations on the subject's body.

然后在步骤802中可以确定是否选择信号获取的一个或多个身体位置。如果是，在步骤807中可以选取一个或多个身体位置，并且在步骤808中可以访问或获取从所选择的身体位置处检测到的信号。在访问或获取信号之后，可以执行从如图8-B所示的节点A809开始的至少部分的步骤。It may then be determined instep 802 whether to select one or more body locations for signal acquisition. If so, one or more body locations may be selected instep 807, and signals detected from the selected body locations may be accessed or acquired instep 808. After accessing or acquiring the signal, at least some of the steps beginning atnode A 809 as shown in Figure 8-B may be performed.

如果没有选取身体位置，则在步骤803中可以加载从多个身体位置检测到的多个信号。所述信号可以从信息获取模块210、服务器120、存储单元480、本申请任何地方披露的存储设备等中的一种或多种的组合中加载。在一些实施例中所述信号可以包括由放置在多个身体位置处的多个传感器检测到的多个PPG信号。例如，所述多个PPG信号可以由放置在左臂、右臂、左腿、右腿等中的一种或多种上的多个传感器检测到。在一些实施例中，所述信号可以包括由放置在多个身体位置处的多个传感器阵列检测到的多个系列的PPG信号。例如，所述信号可以包括由放置在一个身体位置处的一个传感器阵列检测到的一系列PPG信号、由放置在另一个身体位置处的另一个传感器阵列检测到的另一个系列的PPG信号等中的一种或多种的组合。类似地，所述信号可以包括血氧数据、体温数据或从多个身体位置检测到的其他生理数据等中的一种或多种的组合。所述多个身体位置可以包括头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂、腕部、腰部、上腿、膝盖、脚踝等中的一种或多种的组合。If no body location is chosen, then instep 803 multiple signals detected from multiple body locations may be loaded. The signal may be loaded from a combination of one or more of theinformation acquisition module 210, theserver 120, thestorage unit 480, a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application, and the like. In some embodiments the signals may include multiple PPG signals detected by multiple sensors placed at multiple body locations. For example, the plurality of PPG signals may be detected by a plurality of sensors placed on one or more of the left arm, right arm, left leg, right leg, and the like. In some embodiments, the signals may include multiple series of PPG signals detected by multiple sensor arrays placed at multiple body locations. For example, the signals may comprise a series of PPG signals detected by one sensor array placed at one body location, another series of PPG signals detected by another sensor array placed at another body location, etc. a combination of one or more. Similarly, the signal may include a combination of one or more of blood oxygen data, body temperature data, or other physiological data detected from multiple body locations, and the like. The plurality of body locations may include one or a combination of one or more of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, upper leg, knee, ankle, and the like.

在步骤804中可以处理多个信号中的至少部分信号以提供新信号。所述新信号可以是从步骤803中加载的多个信号推导出的信号。所述新信号可以选自步骤803中加载的多个信号。所述新信号可以是基于步骤803中加载的多个信号计算出的信号。所述处理方法可以包括模拟数字转换、数字模拟转换、统计分析、最小二乘法、中值法、建模分析法、线性函数法、历史阈值迭代法、比较法、归纳法、影像法等中的一种或多种的组合。At least some of the plurality of signals may be processed instep 804 to provide a new signal. The new signal may be a signal derived from the plurality of signals loaded instep 803 . The new signal may be selected from the plurality of signals loaded instep 803 . The new signal may be a signal calculated based on the plurality of signals loaded instep 803 . The processing methods may include analog-to-digital conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, statistical analysis, least squares method, median method, modeling analysis method, linear function method, historical threshold iteration method, comparison method, induction method, image method, etc. a combination of one or more.

在一些实施例中，所述多个PPG信号可以是多个系列的PPG信号。所述多个系列的PPG信号可以首先从模拟信号转换成如下所示的数字信号。In some embodiments, the plurality of PPG signals may be a plurality of series of PPG signals. The plurality of series of PPG signals may first be converted from analog signals to digital signals as shown below.

S_n(t_i)→D_n(t_i,A_i) 公式2S_n (t_i )→D_n (t_i ,A_i ) Equation 2

如本文所述，S_n(t_i)指的是PPG信号，D_n(t_i,A_i)指的是相应的转换数字信号，t_i指的是时间点，A_i指的是该时间点相应的数据点的振幅。As described herein,_Sn (t_i ) refers to the PPG signal, D_n (t_i , A_i ) refers to the corresponding converted digital signal, t_i refers to a point in time, and A_i refers to that time The amplitude of the corresponding data point.

然后，可以对与时间点相对应的数据点进行数学运算(例如，平均运算)，即，数据点的振幅可以经运算处理为一个值。数学运算过程一直持续，直到所有时间点的数据点全部都处理完。在完成处理之后，处理的数值可以从数字数据转换成模拟信号。因此，初始的多个系列的PPG信号融合为一个最终的新PPG信号。A mathematical operation (eg, an averaging operation) can then be performed on the data points corresponding to the time points, ie, the amplitude of the data points can be manipulated into a value. The mathematical process continues until all data points at all time points have been processed. After processing is complete, the processed values can be converted from digital data to analog signals. Thus, the initial multiple series of PPG signals are fused into a final new PPG signal.

在一些实施例中，可以从主体的多个身体位置获取多个血氧数据或多个体温数据。可以对多个血氧数据进行处理(例如，平均)以生成一个新的血氧值。类似地，可以对多个体温数据进行处理以生成一个新的体温值。In some embodiments, multiple blood oxygen data or multiple body temperature data may be obtained from multiple body locations of the subject. Multiple blood oxygen data may be processed (eg, averaged) to generate a new blood oxygen value. Similarly, multiple body temperature data can be processed to generate a new body temperature value.

在步骤805中，可以基于新信号，计算感兴趣生理参数。在一些实施例中，所述新信号可以是PPG信号。可以基于所述PPG信号和ECG信号计算血压。所述ECG信号可以通过ECG获取单元430获取。关于血压计算的方法和过程的更多描述可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请。在步骤806中，可以将计算出的感兴趣生理参数、获取的信号(S)或主体的生理数据上传至个人健康管理器900。个人健康管理器900将在图9中详细描述。Instep 805, a physiological parameter of interest may be calculated based on the new signal. In some embodiments, the new signal may be a PPG signal. Blood pressure can be calculated based on the PPG signal and the ECG signal. The ECG signal can be acquired by theECG acquisition unit 430 . For more description about the method and process of blood pressure calculation, please refer to the international patent application with the application number PCT/CN2015/083334 filed on July 3, 2015. Instep 806 , the calculated physiological parameter of interest, the acquired signal (S), or the subject's physiological data may be uploaded to thepersonal health manager 900 . Thepersonal health manager 900 will be described in detail in FIG. 9 .

图8-B是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的从节点A809开始的关于身体位置的信号处理的示例性流程图。在步骤810中，可以确定主体的身体位置。所述身体位置可以是头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂、腕部、腰部、上腿、膝盖、脚踝等中的一种或多种的组合。在步骤811中，可以加载从确定的身体位置处检测到的信号。针对确定的身体位置，可以通过传感器阵列获取一系列信号。在确定身体位置并加载信号之后，在步骤812中可以设定参考信号。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是真实的生理信号，或者可以是虚拟的模拟信号。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是完整的信号，或者可以是完整信号的一部分。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是模拟信号，或者可以是数字信号。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是波形，或者可以是一个或多个数据点。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是精确的信号波形，或者可以是示意性的轮廓。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是独立信号，或者可以是数据范围。在一些实施例中所述参考信号可以是时间域信号，或者可以是频率域信号。在一些实施例中，所述参考信号可以是从所述主体检测到的信号，或者可以是从同等群体中的一个主体检测到的信号。如本文所述，所述同等群体定义为一组人，该组人具有至少一些相同或者相似的特征，例如相同的性别、相似的年龄、相似的身高、相似的体重、相似的手臂长度、相似的疾病史等中的一种或多种的组合。Figure 8-B is an exemplary flow diagram of signal processing with respect to body position, starting atnode A 809, shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. Instep 810, the body position of the subject can be determined. The body location may be one or a combination of one or more of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, upper leg, knee, ankle, and the like. In step 811, the detected signal from the determined body location can be loaded. For a determined body position, a series of signals can be acquired by the sensor array. After determining the body position and loading the signal, a reference signal may be set instep 812 . In some embodiments, the reference signal may be a real physiological signal, or may be a virtual analog signal. In some embodiments, the reference signal may be a complete signal, or may be a part of a complete signal. In some embodiments, the reference signal may be an analog signal, or may be a digital signal. In some embodiments, the reference signal may be a waveform, or may be one or more data points. In some embodiments, the reference signal may be an exact signal waveform, or may be a schematic outline. In some embodiments, the reference signal may be an independent signal, or may be a data range. In some embodiments the reference signal may be a time domain signal, or may be a frequency domain signal. In some embodiments, the reference signal may be a signal detected from the subject, or may be a signal detected from a subject in a peer group. As described herein, the cohort is defined as a group of people having at least some of the same or similar characteristics, eg, same gender, similar age, similar height, similar weight, similar arm length, similar A combination of one or more of the disease history, etc.

在步骤813中可以进行所述参考信号和所述加载的信号之间的比较。所述比较可以是关于所述参考信号的波形和所述加载信号的波形的比较。所述比较可以是关于所述参考信号特征和所述加载信号的相应的特征点的比较。典型的特征可以包括峰值、谷值、到达峰值或谷值的时间、频率等中的一种或多种的组合。所述比较可以提供比较结果。所述比较结果可以如下形式提供，例如，文本、图表、三维图像、代码、声音信息、视频、音频警报、触觉效果等中的一种或多种的组合。A comparison between the reference signal and the loaded signal may be performed instep 813 . The comparison may be with respect to the waveform of the reference signal and the waveform of the loading signal. The comparison may be a comparison of the reference signal characteristics and corresponding characteristic points of the loading signal. Typical characteristics may include one or a combination of peaks, valleys, time to peak or valley, frequency, and the like. The comparison can provide comparative results. The comparison results may be provided in the form of, for example, a combination of one or more of text, graphics, three-dimensional images, codes, audible information, video, audio alerts, haptic effects, and the like.

在步骤814中，可以基于步骤813中生成的比较结果判断所述信号是否满足条件(例如，关于阈值的条件)。所述条件可以是预先设定的或者动态地提供的。在一些实施例中，所述条件可以是常数或者是可变的。例如，所述条件可以是根据，例如，主体年龄、性别、身高、体重等中的一种或多种的预先设定的配置文件。所述判断可以通过系统或其部分(例如，基于由主体、主体以外的用户、第三方提供的指令，或者通过机器学习先前的数据、主体或主体以外的用户的先前行为推导出的指令或规则)进行，或者由主体、主体以外的用户、与主体相关的第三方提供。Instep 814, it may be determined whether the signal satisfies a condition (eg, a condition regarding a threshold value) based on the comparison result generated instep 813. The conditions may be preset or dynamically provided. In some embodiments, the condition may be constant or variable. For example, the condition may be a pre-set profile based on, for example, one or more of the subject's age, gender, height, weight, and the like. The determination may be made by the system or parts thereof (e.g., based on instructions provided by the subject, a user other than the subject, a third party, or through machine learning of previous data, instructions or rules derived from the previous behavior of the subject or a user other than the subject) ), or provided by the subject, users other than the subject, or third parties related to the subject.

在步骤814中，可以根据813确定的比较结果确定所述信号是否满足条件。在步骤815中，如果比较结果不满足所述条件，则可以放弃相应的所获取的信号。仅作为示例，在一些实施例中，如果获取信号波形和参考信号波形之间的差值不满足所述条件(例如，超出阈值)，则可以放弃所述的获取的信号。在一些实施例中，与参考信号进行比较，如果获取信号的数据点的偏差超出了阈值并且因此不满足条件，然后可以放弃该获取信号。如本文所述，偏差可以指的是所获取的信号的数据点的值与参考信号之间的差值。在一些实施例中，与参考信号进行比较，如果所获取的信号的特征与参考信号相应的特征不匹配，则可以判断所获取的信号不满足条件并且可以放弃。基于，例如所述比较，没有放弃的信号可以称为保留信号。以上描述提供仅出于说明性目的，并不是意在限制本公开的范围。Instep 814, it may be determined whether the signal satisfies the condition according to the comparison result determined in 813. Instep 815, if the comparison result does not satisfy the condition, the corresponding acquired signal may be discarded. For example only, in some embodiments, the acquired signal may be discarded if the difference between the acquired signal waveform and the reference signal waveform does not satisfy the condition (eg, exceeds a threshold). In some embodiments, the acquired signal may then be discarded if the deviation of the data points of the acquired signal exceeds a threshold and therefore does not satisfy the condition, compared to the reference signal. As described herein, bias may refer to the difference between the value of a data point of an acquired signal and a reference signal. In some embodiments, compared with the reference signal, if the characteristics of the acquired signal do not match the corresponding characteristics of the reference signal, it can be judged that the acquired signal does not meet the condition and can be discarded. Based on, for example, the comparison, a signal that is not relinquished may be referred to as a reserved signal. The above description is provided for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

在步骤816中，如果需要的话可以对保留信号进行数据类型转换。所述数据类型转换可以是模数转换。在一些实施例中，所述保留信号可以表示为S(t)，所述转换信号可以表示为D(t,A)。所述数据类型转换可以表示如下。Instep 816, the reserved signal can be data type converted if necessary. The data type conversion may be an analog-to-digital conversion. In some embodiments, the reserved signal may be denoted S(t) and the transition signal may be denoted D(t,A). The data type conversion can be expressed as follows.

如本文所述，因子t可以指的是一个时间点，因子P可以指的是在该时间点t信号的数据点，因子A可以指的是在该时间点t信号的振幅，在一些实施例中，如果保留信号是PPG信号，则可以进行模数转换。在一些实施例中，如果保留信号是体温信号或者血氧信号，则没必要对该保留信号进行数据类型转换。以PPG信号为例，在进行数据类型转换之后，PPG信号可以从一个波形信号转换成一系列数据点。然后，可以执行如图8-C所示节点B817开始的至少一些步骤。As described herein, the factor t may refer to a point in time, the factor P may refer to the data point of the signal at that point in time t, and the factor A may refer to the amplitude of the signal at that point in time t, in some embodiments , if the reserved signal is a PPG signal, analog-to-digital conversion is possible. In some embodiments, if the reserved signal is a body temperature signal or a blood oxygen signal, it is not necessary to perform data type conversion on the reserved signal. Taking the PPG signal as an example, after the data type conversion, the PPG signal can be converted from a waveform signal into a series of data points. Then, at least some of the steps beginning withNode B 817 as shown in Figure 8-C may be performed.

图8-C是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的从节点B817开始的关于信号处理的示例性流程图。在步骤818中，表示为集合D的一系列数据点可以通过步骤816中的数据类型转换从模拟信号中获取。在步骤819中，时间点可以选自时间点集合T。集合D和集合T可以表示如下。Figure 8-C is an exemplary flow diagram for signal processing, starting fromNode B 817, shown in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. Instep 818 , a series of data points, represented as set D, may be obtained from the analog signal through the data type conversion instep 816 . Instep 819, the time points may be selected from the set T of time points. Set D and set T can be represented as follows.

T＝{t₁,t₂,…,t_m} 公式5T={t₁ ,t₂ ,...,t_m } Equation 5

然后，在步骤820中，可以分析相应系列数据点的数据分布。仅作为示例，在步骤820中，如果选取时间点t₁，则可以分析相应系列数据点的分布{P₁₁(t₁,A₁₁),P₂₁(t₁,A₂₁),…,P_n1(t₁,A_n1)}。所述分析可以是统计分析、数学计算、回归分析、聚类分析、方差分析等中的一种或多种的组合。在数据分布分析之后，可以生成数据点分布的统计结果。所述统计结果可以是表格格式，所述表格包括一系列数据范围和相应的百分率。所述统计结果可以是数据散点图(例如，直方图、饼图、星图等)。所述统计结果可以是数学表达式。所述统计结果可以是数学模型。以上描述仅出于说明性目的，并不是意在限制本公开的范围。所述统计结果还可以以其它形式呈现。Then, instep 820, the data distribution of the corresponding series of data points can be analyzed. For example only, instep 820, if a time point t₁ is selected, the distribution of the corresponding series of data points {P₁₁ (t₁ , A₁₁ ), P₂₁ (t₁ , A₂₁ ), . . . , P_n1 can be analyzed (t₁ ,A_n1 )}. The analysis may be one or a combination of statistical analysis, mathematical calculation, regression analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and the like. After the data distribution analysis, statistical results of the distribution of data points can be generated. The statistical results may be in a table format including a series of data ranges and corresponding percentages. The statistical results may be data scatter plots (eg, histograms, pie charts, star charts, etc.). The statistical result may be a mathematical expression. The statistical result may be a mathematical model. The above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The statistical results can also be presented in other forms.

然后，在步骤821中可以设定阈值。所述阈值可以是百分率、绝对值、数值范围等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，表示为v的阈值可以选自区间a＜v＜b。在一些实施例中，所述阈值可以是表示为a＜v＜b的数值范围。常数a和b可以针对特定分析确定。在一些实施例中，所述常数可以是由系统确定的默认值，或者由，例如，主体、主体以外的用户、第三方等中的一个或多个设定。在一些实施例中，所述常数可以基于获取信息和感兴趣生理参数(例如，血压)确定，所述感兴趣生理参数可以从该主体或其他主体(例如，一个普通人群的子群)计算。所述子群可以具体相同或相似特征，包括，例如，年龄、性别、国家、身材、体重、体脂率、皮肤颜色、家族史、生活方式、锻炼习惯或其他习惯、日常饮食、职业、疾病史、教育背景、婚姻状态或宗教信仰等中的一种或任意几种的组合。在一些实施例中，所述常数可以由主体、主体以外的用户、相关第三方(例如，医生)等设定。Then, in step 821 a threshold can be set. The threshold value may be a combination of one or more of a percentage, an absolute value, a numerical range, and the like. In some embodiments, the threshold, denoted v, may be selected from the interval a<v<b. In some embodiments, the threshold may be a range of values expressed as a<v<b. The constants a and b can be determined for a specific analysis. In some embodiments, the constant may be a default value determined by the system, or set by, for example, one or more of the subject, a user other than the subject, a third party, and the like. In some embodiments, the constant may be determined based on acquired information and a physiological parameter of interest (eg, blood pressure), which may be calculated from the subject or other subjects (eg, a subgroup of the general population). The subgroups may be specific to the same or similar characteristics, including, for example, age, gender, country, body size, weight, body fat percentage, skin color, family history, lifestyle, exercise or other habits, diet, occupation, disease History, educational background, marital status or religious beliefs, etc., or any combination of these. In some embodiments, the constant may be set by the subject, a user other than the subject, an associated third party (eg, a doctor), or the like.

在步骤822中，可以进行比较以确定所述数据点是否超过关于所述数据点分布的阈值。如果是，则在步骤823中放弃相应的数据点。然后，在步骤824中，可以对保留的数据点进行数学运算。所述数学运算可以是，例如，直接原始计算，包括四则运算、功率操作、求根运算等中的一种或多种的组合。所述数学运算可以是，例如，函数运算，包括线性函数、二次函数、高阶函数、多项式等中的一种或多种的组合。所述数学运算可以包括例如，模拟运算，包括物理模拟、数学模拟、半物理模拟等中的一种或多种的组合。以上描述仅出于说明性目的，并不是意在限制本申请的范围。仅作为示例，可以对保留的数据点进行如下表示的平均运算。Instep 822, a comparison may be made to determine whether the data point exceeds a threshold for the distribution of the data points. If so, instep 823 the corresponding data point is discarded. Then, instep 824, mathematical operations can be performed on the retained data points. The mathematical operation may be, for example, a direct primitive calculation, including a combination of one or more of four arithmetic operations, power operations, root-finding operations, and the like. The mathematical operation may be, for example, a functional operation, including a combination of one or more of linear functions, quadratic functions, higher-order functions, polynomials, and the like. The mathematical operations may include, for example, simulation operations, including a combination of one or more of physical simulations, mathematical simulations, semi-physical simulations, and the like. The above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. For example only, an averaging operation as represented below can be performed on the retained data points.

AVERAGE{P₁₁(t₁,A₁₁),P₂₁(t₁,A₂₁),…,P_n1(t₁,A_n1)} 公式6AVERAGE{P₁₁ (t₁ ,A₁₁ ),P₂₁ (t₁ ,A₂₁ ),…,P_n1 (t₁ ,A_n1 )} Equation 6

在数学运算之后，系统可以继续执行步骤819，并从步骤820开始选取另一个时间点并执行另一数据处理直到选择了所有时间点并且所有相应的数据点都进行了分析和处理。在步骤825中，如果在步骤816中进行了数据类型转换，则可以对处理的数据进行相反的数据类型转换。然后，在步骤826中基于以上步骤的结果生成新信号。然后，可以执行从图8-D所示节点B827开始的至少部分步骤。After the mathematical operation, the system may proceed to step 819 and pick another time point fromstep 820 and perform another data processing until all time points are selected and all corresponding data points have been analyzed and processed. Instep 825, if the data type conversion was performed instep 816, the inverse data type conversion may be performed on the processed data. Then, in step 826 a new signal is generated based on the results of the above steps. Then, at least some of the steps beginning withNode B 827 shown in Figure 8-D may be performed.

图8-D是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的从节点C827开始的信号处理的示例性流程图。从节点B817开始，在步骤826中可以生成新信号。在步骤828中可以基于所述新信号，计算感兴趣生理参数。在一些实施例中，所述新信号可以是PPG信号。可以基于所述PPG信号和ECG信号计算血压。所述ECG信号可以通过ECG获取单元430获取，并且存储在存储单元480、服务器120或本申请任意其他地方披露的存储设备。PTT可以基于所述ECG信号和所述PPG信号确定。在感兴趣生理参数计算期间，可以进行标定过程(图8-D未示)。关于计算和标定的方法和过程的更多描述可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请，其全部内容通过引用方式并入本文。8-D is an exemplary flow diagram of signal processing fromnode C 827 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Beginning atNode B 817, a new signal may be generated instep 826. Physiological parameters of interest may be calculated instep 828 based on the new signal. In some embodiments, the new signal may be a PPG signal. Blood pressure can be calculated based on the PPG signal and the ECG signal. The ECG signal may be acquired by theECG acquisition unit 430 and stored in thestorage unit 480, theserver 120, or a storage device disclosed elsewhere in this application. The PTT may be determined based on the ECG signal and the PPG signal. During the calculation of the physiological parameter of interest, a calibration process (not shown in Figure 8-D) may be performed. For more descriptions on the methods and processes of calculation and calibration, reference can be made to the international patent application with application number PCT/CN2015/083334 filed on July 3, 2015, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

在计算出感兴趣生理参数之后，在步骤829中可以选择是否与其他身体位置的数据进行比较。所述选择可以通过系统或其部分(例如，基于由主体、主体以外的用户、第三方提供的指令，或者通过机器学习先前数据、主体或主体之外的用户的先前行为推导出的指令或规则)进行，或者由主体或者主体以外的用户提供。如果选择比较，则可以执行从图8-E所示的节点B830开始的至少部分步骤。After calculating the physiological parameter of interest, instep 829 it may be selected whether to compare with data from other body locations. The selection may be made by the system or parts thereof (e.g., based on instructions provided by the subject, a user other than the subject, a third party, or instructions or rules derived through machine learning of previous data, previous behavior of the subject or a user other than the subject) ), or provided by the subject or a user other than the subject. If a comparison is selected, at least some of the steps beginning withNode B 830 shown in Figure 8-E may be performed.

如果选择不进行比较，则在步骤831中可以确定是否执行与历史数据的比较。所述确定可以通过系统或其部分(例如，基于由主体、主体以外的用户提供的指令，或者通过机器学习先前的数据、主体或主体以外的用户的先前行为推导出的指令或规则)进行，或者由主体或者主体以外的用户提供。在一些实施例中，如果确定进行比较，在步骤832中可以计算出相对于历史数据的变化。如本文所述，所述变化可以基于计算出的感兴趣生理参数和历史数据之间的比较确定。所述历史数据可以是一个时间间隔之前估算或测量的感兴趣生理参数。所述时间间隔可以是一小时、一天、一星期、一个月、一年等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，在步骤832中可以与历史数据相比较生成变化曲线。如本文所述，所述变化曲线可以是反映在一个时间间隔内随时间而变的生理参数。类似地，所述时间间隔可以是一小时、一天、一星期、一个月、一年等中的一种或多种的组合。所述变化或者变化曲线可以存储在分析模块220、服务器120或个人健康管理器900中。在步骤834中，可以设定为感兴趣生理参数设定阈值。所述阈值可以由主体、主体以外用户、第三方(例如，医生)设定，或者为系统默认等中的一种或多种的组合。所述阈值可以是一个绝对值、数值范围、当前感兴趣生理参数与一个或多个历史数据之间的变化值等中的一种或多种的组合。所述阈值可以基于主体的基本信息设定，所述基本信息包括年龄、性别、高度、体重、疾病史等中的一种或多种的组合。所述阈值可以基于主体的历史数据设定。所述阈值可以基于一个同等群体的统计数据设定。所述阈值可以基于一群体的(不限于同等群体)的经验数据设定。仅作为示例，血压的阈值可以设定为如下。If no comparison is selected, instep 831 it may be determined whether to perform a comparison with historical data. The determination may be made by the system or part thereof (eg, based on instructions provided by the subject, a user other than the subject, or instructions or rules derived through machine learning of previous data, previous behavior of the subject or a user other than the subject), Either provided by the main body or a user other than the main body. In some embodiments, if a comparison is determined to be made, a change from historical data may be calculated instep 832 . As described herein, the change may be determined based on a comparison between the calculated physiological parameter of interest and historical data. The historical data may be physiological parameters of interest estimated or measured a time interval ago. The time interval may be one or a combination of one or more of one hour, one day, one week, one month, one year, and the like. In some embodiments, a change curve may be generated instep 832 compared to historical data. As described herein, the variation profile may be a reflection of a physiological parameter over time within a time interval. Similarly, the time interval can be one or a combination of one or more of an hour, a day, a week, a month, a year, and the like. The variation or variation profile may be stored in theanalysis module 220 , theserver 120 or thepersonal health manager 900 . Instep 834, a threshold may be set for the physiological parameter of interest. The threshold may be set by the subject, a non-subject user, a third party (eg, a doctor), or a system default, or a combination of one or more of them. The threshold value may be a combination of one or more of an absolute value, a numerical range, a change value between the current physiological parameter of interest and one or more historical data, and the like. The threshold may be set based on basic information of the subject including one or a combination of one or more of age, gender, height, weight, disease history, and the like. The threshold may be set based on the subject's historical data. The threshold may be set based on the statistics of a peer group. The threshold may be set based on empirical data of a population (not limited to a peer population). For example only, the threshold for blood pressure may be set as follows.

DBP∈{DBP_a,DBP_b}，SBP∈{SBP_a,SBP_b}公式7DBP∈{DBP_a ,DBP_b }, SBP∈{SBP_a ,SBP_b } Equation 7

例如，对于血压正常的普通人，正常DBP可以约为120mmHg(记录为DBP_N)，正常SBP可以约为80mmHg(记录为SBP_N)。阈值DBP_a、DBP_b、SBP_a和SBP_b可以设定为正常值的某一百分比。例如，DBP_a可以设定为90％的DBPN，且DBPb可以设定为110％的DBP_N。类似地，SBP_a和SBP_b可以分别设定为90％的SBP_N和110％的SBP_N。根据本申请的一些实施例，DBP_a、DBP_b、SBP_a和SBP_b的数值可以是个性化的。所述数值在不同情况下(例如，主体锻炼或者睡眠时、一天不同时间、不同天的相同或相近时间等中的一种或多种的组合)可以变化。For example, for a normal person with normal blood pressure, a normal DBP may be about 120 mmHg (recorded as_DBPN ) and a normal SBP may be about 80 mmHg (recorded as SBP_N ). The thresholds DBP_a , DBP_b , SBP_a and SBP_b can be set to a certain percentage of normal. For example,_DBPa can be set to 90% DBPN and DBPb can be set to 110%_DBPN . Similarly, SBP_a and SBP_b can be set to be 90% SBP_P and 110% SBP_P , respectively. According to some embodiments of the present application, the values of DBP_a , DBP_b , SBP_a and SBP_b may be personalized. The values may vary under different circumstances (eg, a combination of one or more of when the subject is exercising or sleeping, different times of the day, same or similar times of different days, etc.).

在步骤834中，可以比较所述感兴趣生理参数与所述阈值进。如果所述生理参数的数值超出所述阈值，或者如果在步骤832中计算的变化超出所述阈值，则在步骤835中可以生成警报。所述警报可以包括主体相关信息、所述阈值、所述触发该警报的事件、所述事件发生的时间、相关历史信息(例如，相似事件具有的频率)、环境信息相关，或者一些其他相关信息。所述主体相关的信息可以包括感兴趣生理参数的数值或者是在步骤832中生成的变化或者变化曲线。然后在步骤836中可以将所述警报发送给相关第三方。所述相关第三方可以是医生、医护人员、医疗机构、研究设备、主体或者与所述主体关系良好的用户的外围设备等。在步骤837中，如果所述生理参数的数值位于所述阈值范围内，或者如果步骤832中计算的变化位于所述阈值范围内，则将所述结果上传至个人健康管理器。然后，系统可以返回节点A809，并从节点A809开始确定另一个身体位置并执行随后的信号/数据处理。Instep 834, the physiological parameter of interest may be compared to the threshold. If the value of the physiological parameter exceeds the threshold, or if the change calculated instep 832 exceeds the threshold, an alarm may be generated instep 835 . The alarm may include subject-related information, the threshold, the event that triggered the alarm, the time the event occurred, relevant historical information (eg, how often similar events have), contextual information, or some other relevant information . The subject-related information may include the value of the physiological parameter of interest or the variation or variation curve generated instep 832 . The alert may then be sent to the relevant third party instep 836 . The relevant third parties may be doctors, medical staff, medical institutions, research equipment, subjects, or peripheral devices of users who have a good relationship with the subjects. Instep 837, if the value of the physiological parameter is within the threshold range, or if the change calculated instep 832 is within the threshold range, the results are uploaded to the personal health manager. The system can then return to node A809 and start at node A809 to determine another body location and perform subsequent signal/data processing.

图8-E是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的从节点D830开始对计算出的多个身体位置的感兴趣生理参数进行处理和分析的后续步骤。在步骤838中，可以加载多个身体位置的感兴趣生理参数。所述感兴趣生理参数可以从分析模块220、服务器120、本申请任何地方披露的存储设备等中的一种或多种的组合中加载。在一些实施例中，所述感兴趣生理参数可以是主体的血压。在步骤839中可以生成多个身体位置的感兴趣生理参数之间的关系信息。在一些实施例中，可以生成第二信号之间的关系信息或者在步骤750中确定的多个参数(例如，PTT)之间的关系信息。所述关系信息的形式可以是文本、图表、三维图像、代码、声音信息、视频、音频警报、触觉效果等中一种或多种的组合。仅作为示例，所述关系信息的形式可以是曲线、直方图表、不同身体位置的数据分布、计算出的生理参数与参考值之间的差值(例如，所述参考值为一个普通人的生理参数)、基于身体左侧和右侧之间的比较的信息、计算出的主体一个身体位置与另一个身体位置(例如，手臂的血压值和腿的血压值)的生理参数之间的差值等中的一种或多种的组合。Figure 8-E is a subsequent step of processing and analyzing the calculated physiological parameters of interest for a plurality of body locations starting at node D830, according to some embodiments of the present invention. Instep 838, physiological parameters of interest for multiple body locations may be loaded. The physiological parameter of interest may be loaded from a combination of one or more of theanalysis module 220, theserver 120, a storage device disclosed anywhere in this application, and the like. In some embodiments, the physiological parameter of interest may be the blood pressure of the subject. Relationship information between physiological parameters of interest for multiple body locations may be generated instep 839 . In some embodiments, relationship information between the second signals or relationship information between the plurality of parameters (eg, PTT) determined instep 750 may be generated. The relationship information may be in the form of one or more of text, diagrams, three-dimensional images, codes, sound information, video, audio alerts, haptic effects, and the like. For example only, the relationship information may be in the form of a curve, a histogram, a data distribution of different body positions, a difference between a calculated physiological parameter and a reference value (eg, the reference value is the physiological value of an ordinary person). parameters), information based on the comparison between the left and right sides of the body, the calculated difference between the physiological parameters of one body position of the subject and the other body position (e.g. blood pressure values for arms and blood pressure values for legs) A combination of one or more of etc.

在步骤840中，所述系统可以检测是否出现误差。所述误差可以是一个不正常数值、不正常波形或者其不正常变化、主体身体左侧和右侧之间的不对称信息、与参考值的偏差等中的一种或多种的组合。如果检测到误差，则在步骤843中可以标记相应的数据点和/或相关身体位置(例如获取数据点的身体位置)。然后可以继续进行至节点A809，并随后执行从图8-B所示的节点A809开始的至少部分步骤。也就是，可以执行关于标记的身体位置的新的获取处理和分析处理。Instep 840, the system can detect whether an error has occurred. The error may be one or a combination of one or more of an abnormal value, an abnormal waveform or abnormal variation thereof, asymmetric information between the left and right sides of the subject's body, a deviation from a reference value, and the like. If errors are detected, instep 843 the corresponding data points and/or associated body positions may be marked (eg, the body positions at which the data points were obtained). It may then proceed tonode A 809 and then perform at least some of the steps beginning withnode A 809 shown in Figure 8-B. That is, a new acquisition process and analysis process regarding the marked body position can be performed.

如果没有检测到误差，则在步骤841中可以分析所述关系信息。在一些实施例中，所述分析可以是与历史数据进行比较，生成变化结果。在一些实施例中，所述分析可以是用于生成统计结果的统计分析，所述统计结果是关于与同等群体(例如，具有相同年龄和相同性别等的一组人)的数据的比较。在一些实施例中，所述分析可以是数学运算，用于生成所述关系信息的三维显示。在分析所述关系信息之后，可以基于所述分析生成指导信息。If no errors are detected, the relationship information can be analyzed instep 841 . In some embodiments, the analysis may be a comparison with historical data to generate changes. In some embodiments, the analysis may be a statistical analysis for generating statistical results regarding comparisons to data from a peer group (eg, a group of people of the same age and gender, etc.). In some embodiments, the analysis may be a mathematical operation for generating a three-dimensional display of the relationship information. After analyzing the relationship information, guidance information may be generated based on the analysis.

在一些实施例中，所述指导信息可以是关于计算模型选取的提示信息，这些计算模型可以用于计算主体的感兴趣生理参数(关于计算模型的更多描述可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请中，其全部内容通过引用方式并入本文)。仅作为示例，在步骤839中生成的所述关系信息可以是主体多个身体位置的血压值分布。又例如，步骤839中生成的所述关系信息可以是确定的多个参数(例如，PTT)或者获取的多个第二信号的相互关系。在一些实施例中，可以将基于多个身体位置的血压值分布向所述系统提供指导信息。然后，下一个计算过程中，所述系统可以选择一个用于特定主体的最中意模型或合适模型以计算血压。例如，不同主体的血压分布可以是不同的，或者一个特定主体的血压分布在不同情况下(例如，血压分布可以随环境温度、空气湿度等变化)可以是不同的。所述计算模型的选取可以基于历史数据的分析结果进行，或者可以基于一个预设条件(例如，不同的血压分布可以对应不同的计算模型)进行。在一些实施例中，可以向所述系统提供基于确定的多个参数或者获取的多个第二信号确定的指导信息。然后，在计算过程之前，所述系统可以选择一个用于特定主体的最中意模型或合适模型以计算血压。In some embodiments, the guidance information may be prompt information about selection of computational models, which may be used to calculate physiological parameters of interest of the subject (for more description of computational models, please refer to submission on July 3, 2015 International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2015/083334, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference). For example only, the relationship information generated instep 839 may be the distribution of blood pressure values for multiple body locations of the subject. For another example, the relationship information generated instep 839 may be the determined multiple parameters (eg, PTT) or the acquired relationship of multiple second signals. In some embodiments, a distribution of blood pressure values based on multiple body locations may provide guidance information to the system. Then, in the next calculation process, the system can select a most preferred or suitable model for a particular subject to calculate blood pressure. For example, the blood pressure profile of different subjects may be different, or the blood pressure profile of a particular subject may be different under different circumstances (eg, the blood pressure profile may vary with ambient temperature, air humidity, etc.). The selection of the calculation model may be performed based on an analysis result of historical data, or may be performed based on a preset condition (for example, different blood pressure distributions may correspond to different calculation models). In some embodiments, guidance information determined based on the determined plurality of parameters or the acquired plurality of second signals may be provided to the system. Then, prior to the calculation process, the system can select a most preferred or suitable model for a particular subject to calculate blood pressure.

在一些实施例中，所述指导信息可以是修正模型，用于计算主体的感兴趣生理参数。仅作为示例，用于计算身体位置1处的血压的初始模型可以表示为公式式8，更多描述可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334国际专利申请，其全部内容通过引用方式并入本文。In some embodiments, the guidance information may be a modified model for calculating the subject's physiological parameter of interest. Just as an example, the initial model used to calculate the blood pressure at body position 1 can be expressed as Equation 8, more description can refer to the international patent application No. PCT/CN2015/083334 filed on July 3, 2015, all of which The contents are incorporated herein by reference.

BP₁＝f(PTT₁) 公式8BP₁ =f(PTT₁ ) Equation 8

在一些实施例中，对身体位置1与其他身体位置处的血压值的关系信息进行分析(例如，手臂和腿部的血压值之间的关系信息，或者头部与臂部、腿部、腕部等的血压值之间的关系信息)，同时基于分析结果生成补偿项。所述补偿项可以是所述关系信息的函数。函数形式可以基于主体的特征(例如，身高、体重、性别、历史数据等)。可以将所述补偿项添加至所述初始模型中以生成公式9中的修正模型。关于修正计算模型的指导信息可以提高计算的精确度。In some embodiments, the relationship information between body location 1 and blood pressure values at other body locations is analyzed (eg, relationship information between blood pressure values of arms and legs, or relationship information between head and arms, legs, wrists, etc.) The relationship information between the blood pressure values of the parts, etc.), and the compensation term is generated based on the analysis result. The compensation term may be a function of the relationship information. The functional form may be based on characteristics of the subject (eg, height, weight, gender, historical data, etc.). The compensation term can be added to the initial model to generate the revised model in Equation 9. Guidance on modifying the calculation model can improve the accuracy of the calculation.

BP₁＝f(PTT₁)+f_compensation 公式9BP₁ =f(PTT₁ )+f_compensation formula 9

在一些实施例中，对确定的多个参数或所获取的多个第二信号之间的关系信息进行分析，同时可以基于所述分析生成补偿项。In some embodiments, the determined plurality of parameters or the obtained relationship information between the plurality of second signals is analyzed, and a compensation term may be generated based on the analysis.

在一些实施例中，所述指导信息可以是关于日常活动的推送信息。典型的信息可以包括饮食种类、水摄入量、糖摄入量、睡眠时间、工作和休息、运动时间和类型、运动强度等中的一种或多种的组合。在一些实施例中，所述指导信息可以是提供给相关第三方(例如，医生、医护人员、医疗机构、研究设备等中的一种或多种的组合)用于参考的信息。例如，主体不同身体位置的血液相关信息可以认为是血液相关外科手术的指导或参考(例如，确定外科手术部位、是否需要麻醉等)。又例如，主体不同身体位置的生理参数可以认为为药物治疗提供指导或参考(例如，药物类型和剂量、药物治疗时间、口服或注射等)。在步骤844中可以将所述指导信息上传至个人健康管理器900。个人健康管理器900可以将所述指导信息推送给，例如，主体、主体以外的用户、第三方等中的一种或多种的组合。所述指导信息可以由，例如，主体、主体以外的用户、第三方等中的一种或多种的组合查看。所述指导信息可以通过，例如，系统提供的用户界面访问。In some embodiments, the guidance information may be push information about daily activities. Typical information may include a combination of one or more of diet type, water intake, sugar intake, sleep time, work and rest, exercise time and type, exercise intensity, and the like. In some embodiments, the guidance information may be information provided to relevant third parties (eg, a combination of one or more of doctors, medical staff, medical institutions, research facilities, etc.) for reference. For example, blood-related information at different body locations of a subject can be considered as a guide or reference for blood-related surgical procedures (eg, determining the surgical site, whether anesthesia is required, etc.). As another example, the physiological parameters of different body locations of the subject can be considered as providing guidance or reference for drug treatment (eg, drug type and dosage, drug treatment time, oral or injection, etc.). The instructional information may be uploaded to thepersonal health manager 900 instep 844 . Thepersonal health manager 900 may push the guidance information to, for example, a combination of one or more of the subject, a user other than the subject, a third party, and the like. The guidance information may be viewed by, for example, a combination of one or more of the subject, a user other than the subject, a third party, and the like. The guidance information can be accessed, for example, through a user interface provided by the system.

图9是根据本发明的一些实施例所示的个人健康管理器900的结构和组成示意图。个人健康管理器900可以存储在服务器120、部分地位于测量设备110、与所述系统连接或通信的终端140等中的一种或多种的组合。例如，个人健康管理器900可以存储在第三方的设备中。个人健康管理器900可以显示在终端140、所述系统的显示设备(未示)、第三方的显示设备等中的一种或多种的组合。个人健康管理器900可以具有不同的部分，所述部分包括基本信息901、外部环境信息902、不同身体位置的感兴趣生理参数或其状态903、感兴趣生理参数随时间变化904、健康建议905、提供给相关第三方的参考信息906或其他相关部分。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure and composition of apersonal health manager 900 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Thepersonal health manager 900 may be stored on theserver 120, in part at themeasurement device 110, in a terminal 140 connected or in communication with the system, and the like, in a combination of one or more. For example, thepersonal health manager 900 may be stored on a third party's device. Thepersonal health manager 900 may be displayed on the terminal 140, a display device (not shown) of the system, a display device of a third party, or a combination of one or more of them. Thepersonal health manager 900 may have different sections includingbasic information 901,external environment information 902, physiological parameters of interest or their states fordifferent body locations 903, physiological parameters of interest overtime 904,health advice 905, Reference information 906 or other relevant parts provided to relevant third parties.

基本信息901可以包括年龄、性别、身高、体重、疾病史等中的一种或多种的组合。外部环境信息902可以包括温度、湿度、空气质量、紫外线强度等中的一种或多种的组合。所述基本信息和外部环境信息可以通过信息获取模块210获取。所述信息可以以某一频率(例如，一小时一次、一天一次、一小时两次、一天两次、一小时三次、一天三次等)更新。所述信息可以基于主体的选择或指令或者可以基于系统默认选择性地进行显示。Thebasic information 901 may include one or a combination of one or more of age, gender, height, weight, disease history, and the like. Theexternal environment information 902 may include one or a combination of temperature, humidity, air quality, ultraviolet intensity, and the like. The basic information and external environment information can be acquired through theinformation acquisition module 210 . The information may be updated at a certain frequency (eg, once an hour, once a day, twice an hour, twice a day, three times an hour, three times a day, etc.). The information may be selectively displayed based on subject selection or instruction or may be based on system defaults.

感兴趣生理参数的状态可以显示在903部分中。所述感兴趣生理参数可以包括血压、血氧、心率、HRV、体温等中的一种或多种的组合。主体、主体以外的用户或者相关第三方可以选择日期和时间对生理参数的状态进行评论。状态水平可以包括优秀、良好、及格和差。不同矩形柱代表不同的位置，所述位置包括头部、颈部、胸部、腹部、上臂、腕部、腰部、上腿、膝盖、脚踝等中的一种或多种的组合。通过903部分，主体不同身体位置处的感兴趣生理参数的状态可以生动的实时显示。历史信息也可以基于主体选择的日期和时间进行显示。The status of the physiological parameter of interest may be displayed insection 903 . The physiological parameter of interest may include one or a combination of one or more of blood pressure, blood oxygen, heart rate, HRV, body temperature, and the like. The subject, a user other than the subject, or a relevant third party can select a date and time to comment on the status of the physiological parameter. Status levels can include excellent, good, pass, and poor. Different rectangular columns represent different positions including one or a combination of one or more of head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, upper leg, knee, ankle, and the like. Throughpart 903, the states of the physiological parameters of interest at different body positions of the subject can be vividly displayed in real time. Historical information can also be displayed based on the date and time selected by the subject.

感兴趣生理参数的变化可以显示在904部分中。主体、主体以外的用户或者相关第三方可以选择时间间隔和身体位置，然后可以对感兴趣生理参数的变化进行显示(如图9中象征性所示)。所述时间间隔可以是一小时、一天、一星期、一个月、两个月等中的一种或多种的组合。主体、主体以外的用户或者相关第三方可以点击图标查看不同的感兴趣生理参数的变化曲线。健康建议905可以包括关于睡眠、饮食、运动等中的一种或多种的组合的信息。所述健康建议可以基于主体的基本信息、计算出的感兴趣生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合从服务器120中检索。相关第三方(例如，医生、医护人员、医疗机构、研究设备、主体的外围设备或者与该主体关系良好的用户的外围设备等)可以在905部分中输入一些健康建议。类似地，主体或者主体以外的用户也可以输入关于睡眠、饮食、运动等的备忘录清单。主体可以基于选择或指令对关于健康建议的信息推送进行定制。Changes in the physiological parameter of interest can be displayed insection 904 . The subject, a user other than the subject, or a relevant third party can select the time interval and body position, and the change in the physiological parameter of interest can then be displayed (as symbolically shown in Figure 9). The time interval may be one or a combination of one or more of one hour, one day, one week, one month, two months, and the like. The subject, a user other than the subject, or a related third party can click the icon to view the change curves of different physiological parameters of interest.Health advice 905 may include information on one or a combination of sleep, diet, exercise, and the like. The health advice may be retrieved from theserver 120 based on a combination of one or more of the subject's basic information, calculated physiological parameters of interest, and the like. Relevant third parties (eg, doctors, medical staff, medical institutions, research facilities, peripherals of the subject, or peripherals of users who have a good relationship with the subject, etc.) can enter some health advice insection 905 . Similarly, the subject or a user other than the subject may also enter a list of memos regarding sleep, diet, exercise, and the like. The subject may customize the push of information regarding health advice based on selections or instructions.

相关第三方的参考信息可以在906部分中显示。所述相关第三方可以是医生、医护人员、医疗机构、研究设备等中的一种或多种的组合。所述参考信息可以基于计算出的感兴趣生理参数的状态、主体的基本信息中的两者或两者之一生成。所述参考信息可以包括关于外科手术部位、是否需要麻醉、药物类型和剂量等中的一种或多种的信息。该所述参考信息可以在适当时刻为相关的第三方提供一些指导。References to relevant third parties may be displayed in section 906. The relevant third party can be one or a combination of doctors, medical staff, medical institutions, research facilities, and the like. The reference information may be generated based on either or both of the calculated state of the physiological parameter of interest, the subject's basic information. The reference information may include information about one or more of the surgical site, whether anesthesia is required, medication type and dosage, and the like. The said reference information can provide some guidance to the relevant third parties at the appropriate moment.

图10所示的是一个用于实现并入本发明或部分并入本发明的专用系统的移动设备的结构示意图。在这个示例中，所述设备(例如终端140)可以是移动设备1000，可以展示有关于血压监测的信息并且与之相互作用，包括但不限于智能电话、平板电脑、音乐播放器、手持游戏控制台、全球定位系统(GPS)接收器和可穿戴计算设备(例如，眼镜、腕表等)或者任何其他形式。所述示例中的移动设备1000包括一个或多个中央处理器(CPU)1040、一个或多个图形处理器(GPU)1030、显示器1020、内存1060、通信平台1010(例如无线通信模块)、存储器1090、和一个或多个输入/输出(I/O)1050。移动设备1000还可以包括任何包括系统总线或控制器(未示)的其他合适部件。如图10所示，可以将移动操作系统1070(例如iOS、Android、Windows Phone等)和一个或多个应用程序1080从存储器1090加载至内存1060中，以通过中央处理器(CPU)1040执行。应用程序1080可以包括浏览器或者其他合适的移动应用程序，用于接收和展现来自移动设备1000上引擎200的关于血压监测的信息或者其他信息。用户与信息流的交互可以通过输入/输出(I/O)1050实现，并且通过，例如，网络150提供至系统100的引擎200和/或其他部件。Figure 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mobile device for implementing a dedicated system incorporating or partially incorporating the present invention. In this example, the device (eg, terminal 140 ) can be amobile device 1000 that can display information about and interact with blood pressure monitoring, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, music players, handheld game controls Stations, Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and wearable computing devices (eg, glasses, wrist watches, etc.) or any other form. Themobile device 1000 in the described example includes one or more central processing units (CPUs) 1040, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) 1030, adisplay 1020,memory 1060, a communication platform 1010 (eg, a wireless communication module),memory 1090, and one or more input/output (I/O) 1050.Mobile device 1000 may also include any other suitable components including a system bus or controller (not shown). As shown in FIG. 10 , a mobile operating system 1070 (eg, iOS, Android, Windows Phone, etc.) and one ormore applications 1080 may be loaded frommemory 1090 intomemory 1060 for execution by central processing unit (CPU) 1040 .Application 1080 may include a browser or other suitable mobile application for receiving and presenting information about blood pressure monitoring or other information fromengine 200 onmobile device 1000 . User interaction with the information flow may be accomplished through input/output (I/O) 1050 and provided toengine 200 and/or other components ofsystem 100 through, for example,network 150 .

为实现本公开中描述各种模块、单元及其功能，可以将计算机硬件平台用作本文描述的一个或多个元件(例如，参考图1至9和图12所述的系统100的引擎200和/或其他部件)的硬件平台。所述计算机的硬件元件、操作系统和编程语言本质上是常见的，并且假设本领域技术人员充分熟悉这些技术以使这些技术适应于本文所述的血压监测。虽然如果对计算机适当地编程也可以用作服务器，但是具有用户界面元件的计算机可以用于实现个人计算机(PC)或其他类型的工作站或终端设备。相信本领域技术人员熟悉这种计算机设备的结构、编程和一般操作，因此附图应该是不需加以说明的。To implement the various modules, units, and their functions described in this disclosure, a computer hardware platform may be used as one or more of the elements described herein (eg,engine 200 andengine 200 ofsystem 100 described with reference to FIGS. and/or other components) of the hardware platform. The hardware elements, operating systems, and programming languages of the computer are common in nature, and it is assumed that those skilled in the art are sufficiently familiar with these techniques to adapt them to blood pressure monitoring as described herein. A computer with user interface elements can be used to implement a personal computer (PC) or other type of workstation or terminal device, although it can also function as a server if it is properly programmed. It is believed that those skilled in the art are familiar with the structure, programming and general operation of such computer equipment and therefore the accompanying drawings should be self-explanatory.

图11所示的是一个用于实现并入本发明或部分并入本发明的专用系统的计算机的结构示意图。结合本教导的这种专门系统具有一个硬件平台的功能框图，所述硬件平台包括用户界面元件。硬件平台计算机可以是一个通用计算机或专用计算机。两者都可以用于实现本公开的专用系统。计算机1100可以用于实现本文所述的任何血压监测部件。例如，引擎200等可以在计算机(例如计算机1100)上通过其硬件、软件程序、固件等中的一种或多种来实现。虽然为了方便起见，仅示出了一个计算机，但是如本文所述血压监测相关的计算机功能都可以以多个类似平台通过分布式方式实现，以分配处理负载。Figure 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer for implementing a special purpose system incorporating or partially incorporating the present invention. Such specialized systems incorporating the present teachings have a functional block diagram of a hardware platform that includes user interface elements. The hardware platform computer can be a general purpose computer or a special purpose computer. Both can be used in dedicated systems implementing the present disclosure.Computer 1100 may be used to implement any of the blood pressure monitoring components described herein. For example,engine 200, etc. may be implemented on a computer (eg, computer 1100) by one or more of its hardware, software programs, firmware, and the like. Although only one computer is shown for convenience, the computer functions related to blood pressure monitoring as described herein can all be implemented in a distributed fashion on multiple similar platforms to distribute the processing load.

计算机1100，例如，包括从与网络连接或者连接至网络的通信端口1150，以助于数据通信。计算机1100还包括以个或多个处理器形式存在的中央处理器(CPU)1120，用于执行程序指令。典型的计算机平台包括内部通信总线1110、不同形式的程序存储器和数据存储器，(例如，用于通过计算机处理和/或传输的各种数据文件的磁盘1170、只读存储器(ROM)1130或随机存取存储器(RAM)1140)以及可由CPU执行的程序指令。计算机1100还包括输入/输出(I/O)1160，用于支持所述计算机和其中其他部件，例如用户界面元件1180之间的输入/输出。计算机1100可以还可以通过网络通信接收程序和数据。Computer 1100, for example, includes acommunication port 1150 connected to or from a network to facilitate data communication.Computer 1100 also includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1120 in the form of one or more processors for executing program instructions. A typical computer platform includes aninternal communication bus 1110, various forms of program memory and data storage, (eg,disk 1170, read only memory (ROM) 1130, or random access memory for various data files processed and/or transmitted by the computer. fetch memory (RAM) 1140) and program instructions executable by the CPU.Computer 1100 also includes input/output (I/O) 1160 for supporting input/output between the computer and other components therein, such asuser interface element 1180 .Computer 1100 may also receive programs and data through network communications.

因此，如上所述的血压监测和/或其他过程的方法的各方面可以体现在程序中。该技术的程序方面可以认为是通常以可执行代码和/或相关数据的形式的“产品”或“制品”，其以机器可读介质的类型承载或体现。有形的非暂时“存储”型介质包括用于计算机、处理器等的任何或所有存储器或其他存储器或其相关联模块，诸如各种半导体存储器、磁带驱动器、磁盘驱动器等，这些可以随时提供用于软件编程的存储。Accordingly, aspects of the methods of blood pressure monitoring and/or other procedures described above may be embodied in a procedure. The program aspects of the technology may be thought of as an "article of manufacture" or "article of manufacture", typically in the form of executable code and/or related data, carried or embodied in a type of machine-readable medium. Tangible non-transitory "storage" type media includes any or all memory or other memory or its associated modules for computers, processors, etc., such as various semiconductor memories, tape drives, magnetic disk drives, etc., which are readily available for use in Software programmed storage.

部分或所有软件有时可通过如互联网或各种其它电信网络等网络进行通信。这种通信，例如可使计算机或处理器中的软件加载至另一个计算机，例如从引擎200的管理服务器或主机至一个计算环境的硬件平台或其它实施计算环境或实施与血压监测相关的类似功能的系统的硬件平台。因此，可承载软件元件的另一类型的介质包括光波、电波、电磁波，如本地设备的物理接口之间使用的介质、通过有线和光纤陆上网络使用的介质以及各种空中链路之间使用的介质。诸如有线或无线链路、光学链路等携带这些波的物理元件也可考虑作为承载软件的介质。如本文所述，除非限制为有形的“存储器”介质，诸如计算机或机器“可读介质”等术语是指参与向用于执行的处理器提供指令的任何介质。Some or all of the software may sometimes communicate over a network such as the Internet or various other telecommunications networks. Such communication, for example, may enable software in a computer or processor to be loaded into another computer, such as from a management server or host ofengine 200 to a hardware platform of one computing environment or other implementing computing environment or performing similar functions related to blood pressure monitoring the hardware platform of the system. Thus, another type of medium that can carry software elements includes light waves, electric waves, electromagnetic waves, such as those used between physical interfaces of local equipment, over wired and fiber optic land networks, and between various air links medium. Physical elements that carry these waves, such as wired or wireless links, optical links, etc., are also considered as the medium carrying the software. As described herein, unless limited to tangible "memory" media, terms such as computer or machine "readable medium" refer to any medium that participates in providing instructions to a processor for execution.

因此，机器可读介质可采取多种形式，包括有形存储介质、载波介质或物理传输介质。非易失性存储介质包括如光盘或磁盘，如任意(多个)计算机的存储设备中的光盘或磁盘等，可用于实现本系统或附图中所示的任意部件。易失性存储介质包括动态存储器，如一个计算机平台的主存储器。有形传输介质包括同轴电缆；铜线和光纤，包括形成一个计算机系统内的总线的线。载体波传输介质可采取电信号或电磁信号或如射频(RF)和红外(IR)数据通信期间生成的声波或光波的形式。因此，计算机可读介质的常用形式包括如：碟片、软盘、硬盘、磁带、任何其他磁性介质、CD-ROM、DVD或DVD-ROM、任何其他光学介质、穿孔纸纸带、具有孔图案的任何其他物理存储介质、RAM、PROM和EPROM、FLASH-EPROM、任何其他存储器芯片或盒式磁带、载波传输数据或指令、传输这种载波的电缆或链路或任何计算机可从该介质读取编程代码和/或数据的其他介质。计算机可读介质的很多这些形式可参与将一个或多个指令的一个或多个序列携载至物理处理器加以执行。Thus, a machine-readable medium may take many forms including tangible storage media, carrier wave media, or physical transmission media. Non-volatile storage media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks, such as optical disks or magnetic disks in storage devices of any computer(s), etc., and may be used to implement the system or any of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. Volatile storage media include dynamic memory, such as the main memory of a computer platform. Tangible transmission media include coaxial cables; copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that form a bus within a computer system. Carrier wave transmission media may take the form of electrical or electromagnetic signals, or acoustic or light waves such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communications. Thus, common forms of computer readable media include, for example, discs, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, any other magnetic media, CD-ROMs, DVDs or DVD-ROMs, any other optical media, punched paper tape, Any other physical storage medium, RAM, PROM and EPROM, FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cassette, carrier wave transmitting data or instructions, cable or link carrying such carrier wave, or any computer readable programming from such medium Other media of code and/or data. Many of these forms of computer-readable media can be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to a physical processor for execution.

本领域技术人员将认识到，本公开可适用于各种修改和/或增强。例如，虽然上述部件的实现可在硬件设备中进行，但也可以仅通过软件实现，例如安装在一个现有的服务器上。另外，本文中公开的血压监测系统的实现可通过固件、固件/软件组合、固件/硬件组合或硬件/固件/软件组合。Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present disclosure is applicable to various modifications and/or enhancements. For example, although the implementation of the above-mentioned components can be carried out in hardware devices, it can also be implemented only in software, eg, installed on an existing server. Additionally, the blood pressure monitoring systems disclosed herein may be implemented by firmware, a firmware/software combination, a firmware/hardware combination, or a hardware/firmware/software combination.

实施例Example

以下示例仅出于说明性目，无意限制本申请的范围。The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

用于测量血压的系统可以包括测试设备1200、外围装备240和服务器120。图12所示为根据本申请的一些实施例所示的的一个测试设备的示意图。测试设备1200可以包括信息获取模块1210、分析模块220’、存储器1220和控制单元1230。测试设备1200可与终端1240连接或通信。信息获取模块1210可以包括设置在测试设备1200多个位置上的多个传感器阵列。The system for measuring blood pressure may includetest device 1200 ,peripherals 240 andserver 120 . Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application. Thetesting apparatus 1200 may include aninformation acquisition module 1210, an analysis module 220', amemory 1220, and acontrol unit 1230. Thetest equipment 1200 may be connected or communicated with theterminal 1240 .Information acquisition module 1210 may include a plurality of sensor arrays disposed at various locations ontest equipment 1200 .

根据本实施例，信息获取模块1210配置为获取信息，例如ECG信号、PPG信号等中的一种或多种的组合。分析模块220’配置为对获取的信息进行分析和处理，或确定或估计生理参数(如感兴趣生理参数)，或上述两者。存储器1220配置为存储检测到或获取的信号、生理参数等中的一种或多种的组合。控制单元1230配置为控制传感器阵列开/关、传感器阵列位置、传感器阵列排布、信息获取参数配置等中的一种或多种的组合。在本实施例中，控制单元1230可以是步进机或微电机。根据本实施例，信息获取模块1210包括两个获取单元(图12未示)，一个ECG获取单元和一个PPG获取单元。所述ECG获取单元配置为检测ECG信号。所述PPG获取单元配置为检测PPG信号。获取的ECG信号和PPG信号可存储在存储器1220、服务器120或终端1240等中的一种或多种的组合中。According to this embodiment, theinformation acquisition module 1210 is configured to acquire information, such as a combination of one or more of ECG signals, PPG signals, and the like. The analysis module 220&apos; is configured to analyze and process the acquired information, or to determine or estimate a physiological parameter (eg, a physiological parameter of interest), or both. Thememory 1220 is configured to store a combination of one or more of detected or acquired signals, physiological parameters, and the like. Thecontrol unit 1230 is configured to control one or a combination of one or more of sensor array on/off, sensor array position, sensor array arrangement, information acquisition parameter configuration, and the like. In this embodiment, thecontrol unit 1230 may be a stepping machine or a micro motor. According to this embodiment, theinformation acquisition module 1210 includes two acquisition units (not shown in FIG. 12 ), an ECG acquisition unit and a PPG acquisition unit. The ECG acquisition unit is configured to detect ECG signals. The PPG acquisition unit is configured to detect PPG signals. The acquired ECG signals and PPG signals may be stored in one or a combination of one or more of thememory 1220, theserver 120, the terminal 1240, and the like.

测试设备1200可以是可穿戴设备或便携式设备。测试设备1200可以是外套状设备。所述外套状设备的示意图在图12中示出(出于简洁将一些细节省略)。配置为检测PPG信号的多个传感器阵列集成于所述外套中。所述传感器阵列可以包括多个光电传感器或多个接收端。可将一个或多个光源(图12未示出)集成至所述传感器阵列中，或置于其它设备中，或独立设置在测试设备1200中。所述传感器阵列可置于头部、胸部、上臂部、腕部等中的一种或多种的组合。所述传感器阵列可以是椭圆形阵列、矩形阵列、菱形阵列、圆形阵列等中的一种或多种的组合。在本实施例中，所述传感器阵列是椭圆形阵列。光电传感器在图12所示的传感器阵列内的排布仅出于说明性目的，在不同情况下可对传感器的数量和排布加以调节。仅作为示例，传感器的数量和排布可以基于主体的要求进行定制。在一个示例中，如果主体要获取关于一个器官的生理信息，可将传感器阵列置于所述器官区域附近的位置。在另一个示例中，传感器的排布可根据主体身体尺寸进行调节。在另一个示例中，可以使用记忆金属来记住传感器阵列的位置和布置，以实现个性化目的。Test device 1200 may be a wearable device or a portable device.Test device 1200 may be a jacket-like device. A schematic diagram of the jacket-like device is shown in Figure 12 (with some details omitted for brevity). A plurality of sensor arrays configured to detect PPG signals are integrated into the housing. The sensor array may include multiple photosensors or multiple receivers. One or more light sources (not shown in FIG. 12 ) may be integrated into the sensor array, or placed in other devices, or independently provided in thetest device 1200 . The sensor array may be placed on the head, chest, upper arm, wrist, etc. in one or a combination of more. The sensor array may be a combination of one or more of an elliptical array, a rectangular array, a diamond array, a circular array, and the like. In this embodiment, the sensor array is an elliptical array. The arrangement of the photosensors within the sensor array shown in FIG. 12 is for illustrative purposes only, and the number and arrangement of the sensors may be adjusted in different situations. For example only, the number and arrangement of sensors can be customized based on the requirements of the subject. In one example, if the subject is to obtain physiological information about an organ, the sensor array may be placed in a location near the organ region. In another example, the arrangement of the sensors can be adjusted according to the body size of the subject. In another example, memory metal can be used to remember the location and placement of the sensor array for personalization purposes.

虽然图12未示，配置为检测ECG信号的ECG获取单元被集成至所述外套中。ECG获取单元包括10个电极(四个置于胸部，两个置于两臂部，两个置于两腿部)。10个电极可构成12导联，可检测到ECG信号。检测到的ECG信号可存储于存储器1220、服务器120中，或由分析模块220’加载用于后续计算。Although not shown in Figure 12, an ECG acquisition unit configured to detect ECG signals is integrated into the housing. The ECG acquisition unit includes 10 electrodes (four on the chest, two on the arms, and two on the legs). 10 electrodes can form 12 leads, which can detect ECG signals. The detected ECG signals may be stored inmemory 1220, inserver 120, or loaded by analysis module 220&apos; for subsequent calculations.

所述外套也可包括一些其它的附加部件，包括WIFI设备、蓝牙设备、NFC设备、GPS设备等中的一种或多种的组合。例如，WIFI设备可以用于连接至一个无线网络。蓝牙设备可以用于在一定距离内的有线或无线终端间进行数据转换。NFC设备可以用于使终端在短距离(10cm或更近)内建立无线电通信。GPS设备可以使主体找到自身位置，或用于导航等中的一种或多种的组合。附加部件可与信息获取模块210、分析模块220’、控制单元1230、终端1240和服务器120连接或通信。The jacket may also include some other additional components, including a combination of one or more of WIFI devices, Bluetooth devices, NFC devices, GPS devices, and the like. For example, a WIFI device can be used to connect to a wireless network. Bluetooth devices can be used to convert data between wired or wireless terminals within a certain distance. NFC devices can be used to enable terminals to establish radio communications within short distances (10 cm or less). A GPS device may allow the subject to find its position, or be used for one or a combination of navigation and the like. Additional components may be connected or communicated with theinformation acquisition module 210, the analysis module 220', thecontrol unit 1230, the terminal 1240, and theserver 120.

所述外套可以与距主体较远的卫生保健提供者通信。所述通信可以直接通过外套实现，或通过，例如由主体携带的终端1240间接实现。主体的生理参数及位置信息可以实时、周期地或在触发事件发生时被传输至所述保健提供者。典型的触发事件如本申请其他地方描述。当例如生理参数超过阈值等紧急情况发生时，所述卫生保健提供者可收到通知，可以基于来自GPS或位置传感器的定位信息对主体进行定位，并相应地提供医疗服务。The jacket can communicate with a health care provider remotely from the subject. The communication may be accomplished directly through the jacket, or indirectly through, for example, a terminal 1240 carried by the subject. The subject's physiological parameters and location information may be transmitted to the healthcare provider in real time, periodically, or upon the occurrence of a triggering event. Typical trigger events are described elsewhere in this application. When an emergency occurs, such as a physiological parameter exceeding a threshold, the health care provider can be notified, can locate the subject based on location information from GPS or location sensors, and provide medical care accordingly.

分析模块220’配置为分析和处理检测到的ECG信号或由多个传感器阵列检测到的多个系列的PPG信号等中的一种或多种的组合。根据本实施例，可对一系列PPG信号进行分析和处理。根据本实施例，可将所述传感器阵列设置于胸部腹部、上臂部、腕部、头部等。传感器可以包括设置在阵列(如椭圆形阵列、矩形阵列等)中的一系列光电传感器。以放置于头部的传感器阵列为例，可以通过设置在椭圆形阵列中的传感器阵列来检测一系列PPG信号。所述传感器阵列包括11(在其它不同情况下或更多)个光电传感器。11个PPG信号可以被11个传感器检测到。所述11个PPG信号可以通过分析模块220’进行分析和处理。可以将所述11个PPG信号与参考信号比较，以筛选并舍弃不符合阈值条件的信号。然后可以对保留的PPG信号执行数据类型转换。如果没有舍弃信号，则将所述11个模拟PPG信号转换为11个系列的数据点。此外，时间点可以按如下所述对应于所述11个数据点。The analysis module 220&apos; is configured to analyze and process one or a combination of detected ECG signals or multiple series of PPG signals detected by multiple sensor arrays, and the like. According to this embodiment, a series of PPG signals can be analyzed and processed. According to this embodiment, the sensor array can be arranged on the chest and abdomen, upper arm, wrist, head, and the like. The sensors may include a series of photosensors arranged in an array (eg, elliptical array, rectangular array, etc.). Taking the sensor array placed on the head as an example, a series of PPG signals can be detected by the sensor array arranged in an elliptical array. The sensor array includes 11 (or more in various other cases) photosensors. 11 PPG signals can be detected by 11 sensors. The 11 PPG signals can be analyzed and processed by the analysis module 220'. The 11 PPG signals can be compared to a reference signal to screen and discard signals that do not meet the threshold conditions. Data type conversion can then be performed on the reserved PPG signals. If no signal was dropped, the 11 analog PPG signals were converted into 11 series of data points. Additionally, time points may correspond to the 11 data points as described below.

与时间点对应的所述11个数据点可以通过执行数学操作(例如，求平均数)，以生成最终数据点。可以对所述最终数据点与所述时间点执行逆数据类型转换。可以生成新的PPG信号。新生成的PPG信号与检测到或获取的ECG信号可以用于计算感兴趣生理参数(例如，血压)。The 11 data points corresponding to the time points may be performed by performing mathematical operations (eg, averaging) to generate the final data points. An inverse data type conversion may be performed on the final data point and the time point. New PPG signals can be generated. The newly generated PPG signal and the detected or acquired ECG signal can be used to calculate a physiological parameter of interest (eg, blood pressure).

所述分析也可以包括预处理、特征识别、参数估计、校准等中的一种或多种的组合。关于分析的更多描述可以参考2015年7月3日提交的申请号为PCT/CN2015/083334的国际专利申请。计算处的感兴趣生理参数可以上传至服务器120中的个人健康管理器900。可已在终端1240中显示具体情况，或将其传输至相关第三方(如医疗机构)。The analysis may also include a combination of one or more of preprocessing, feature identification, parameter estimation, calibration, and the like. For more description of the analysis, please refer to the international patent application No. PCT/CN2015/083334 filed on July 3, 2015. The physiological parameters of interest at the calculations may be uploaded to thepersonal health manager 900 in theserver 120 . The specific situation may have been displayed in the terminal 1240 or transmitted to a relevant third party (eg a medical institution).

以上描述的基本概念，在本领域的技术人员在阅读上述详细披露后，是显而易见的，即上述详细披露意在以示例的方式呈现，而不是限制本申请的范围。尽管本文中没有明确规定，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种更改、改进和变型。这些更改、改进和变型可以是由本申请建议，并在本公开的示例性实施例的精神和范围内。The basic concepts described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above detailed disclosure, that is, the above detailed disclosure is intended to be presented by way of example, rather than to limit the scope of the present application. Although not expressly specified herein, various alterations, improvements and modifications may be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Such alterations, improvements, and modifications may be suggested by this application and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

此外，本领域技术人员应当理解的，本发明的各个方面可以通过任何一个专利性的种类或语境进行说明或描述，可以包括任何新的和有用的过程、机器、制造商、或组成物，或任何新的和有用的改进方法。因此，本发明的各方面可以通过完全的硬件，完全软件(包括固件、常驻软件、微代码等)或硬件和软件结合的方式的实现，一般都被称之为“电路”“单元”、“模块”、“组件”或“系统”。此外，本发明的各方面可以在计算机程序产品上体现，所述计算机程序产品可以通过具有计算机可读程序代码的一个或多个计算机可读介质体现。Furthermore, those skilled in the art should appreciate that various aspects of the present invention may be illustrated or described in any one patentable class or context, and may include any new and useful process, machine, manufacturer, or composition of matter, Or any new and useful improvements. Therefore, various aspects of the present invention can be implemented in complete hardware, complete software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.) or a combination of hardware and software, generally referred to as "circuits", "units", "Module", "Component" or "System". Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may be embodied on a computer program product, which may be embodied by one or more computer-readable media having computer-readable program code.

计算机可读介质可以包括具有计算机可读程序代码的传播数据信号，例如在基带中或作为部分的载波。所述传播数据信号可以采取各种形式的任何形式，包括电磁、光学或任何合适的组合。所述计算机可读介质可以是任何计算机可读介质而不是计算机可读存储介质，并且可以通信、传播或传送程序给或以供指令执行系统、装置或设备连接使用。计算机可读介质上的程序代码可以使用任何适当的介质传输，包括无线、有线、光纤电缆、红外等，或上述的任何适当组合。A computer-readable medium may include a propagated data signal with computer-readable program code, such as in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, or any suitable combination. The computer readable medium can be any computer readable medium other than computer readable storage medium and can communicate, propagate or transmit the program to or for use in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus or device. Program code on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including wireless, wireline, fiber optic cable, infrared, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

本申请各部分操作所需的计算机程序编码可以用任意一种或多种程序语言编写，包括面向对象编程语言如Java、Scala、Smalltalk、Eiffel、JADE、Emerald、C++、C#、VB.NET、Python等，常规程序化编程语言如C语言、Visual Basic、Fortran 2003、Perl、COBOL 2002、PHP、ABAP，动态编程语言如Python、Ruby和Groovy，或其他编程语言等。该程序编码可以完全在用户计算机上运行、或作为独立的软件包在用户计算机上运行、或部分在用户计算机上运行部分在远程计算机运行、或完全在远程计算机或服务器上运行。在后种情况下，远程计算机可以通过任何网络形式与用户计算机连接，例如，局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，或连接至外部计算机(例如通过因特网)，或在云计算环境中，或作为服务使用如软件即服务(SaaS)。The computer program coding required for the operation of the various parts of this application may be written in any one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, Python etc., conventional procedural programming languages such as C language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages, etc. The program code may run entirely on the user's computer, or as a stand-alone software package on the user's computer, or partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any network, such as a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or to an external computer (eg, through the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or as a Service usage such as Software as a Service (SaaS).

以上概述了成像系统的不同方面和/或通过程序实现其他步骤的方法。技术中的程序部分可以被认为是以可执行的代码和/或相关数据的形式而存在的“产品”或“制品”，是通过计算机可读的介质所参与或实现的。有形的、永久的储存介质包括任何计算机、处理器、或类似设备或相关的模块所用到的内存或存储器。例如各种半导体存储器、磁带驱动器、磁盘驱动器或者类似任何时间能够为软件提供存储功能的设备。The foregoing outlines different aspects of an imaging system and/or methods of implementing other steps through a program. A program portion of the technology may be considered a "product" or "article of manufacture" in the form of executable code and/or related data, which is involved or implemented through a computer-readable medium. Tangible, permanent storage media includes memory or storage used by any computer, processor, or similar device or associated module. For example, various semiconductor memories, tape drives, magnetic disk drives, or similar devices that can provide storage functions for software at any time.

所有软件或其中的一部分有时可能会通过网络进行通信，如互联网或其他通信网络。此类通信能够将软件从一个计算机设备或处理器加载到另一个。例如：从按需服务系统的一个管理服务器或主机计算机加载至一个计算机环境的硬件平台，或其他实现系统的计算机环境，或与提供按需服务所需要的信息相关的类似功能的系统。因此，另一种能够传递软件元素的介质也可以被用作局部设备之间的物理连接，例如光波、电波、电磁波等，通过电缆、光缆或者空气实现传播。用来载波的物理介质如电缆、无线连接或光缆等类似设备，也可以被认为是承载软件的介质。在这里的用法除非限制了有形的“储存”介质，其他表示计算机或机器“可读介质”的术语都表示在处理器执行任何指令的过程中参与的介质。All or part of the software may sometimes communicate over a network, such as the Internet or other communication network. Such communications enable the loading of software from one computer device or processor to another. For example: from a management server or host computer of an on-demand service system loaded into a hardware platform of a computer environment, or other computer environment that implements the system, or a system with similar functions related to the information needed to provide the on-demand service. Therefore, another medium capable of transmitting software elements can also be used as a physical connection between local devices, such as light waves, radio waves, electromagnetic waves, etc., through cables, optical cables or air. The physical medium used for the carrier wave, such as a cable, wireless connection, or fiber optic cable, etc., can also be considered to be the medium that carries the software. Unless the usage herein is limited to tangible "storage" media, other terms referring to computer or machine "readable media" refer to media that participate in the execution of any instructions by a processor.

因此，一个计算机可读的介质可能有多种形式，包括但不限于，有形的存储介质，载波介质或物理传输介质。稳定的储存介质包括：光盘或磁盘，以及其他计算机或类似设备中使用的，能够实现图中所描述的系统组件的存储系统。不稳定的存储介质包括动态内存，例如计算机平台的主内存。有形的传输介质包括同轴电缆、铜电缆以及光纤，包括计算机系统内部形成总线的线路。载波传输介质可以传递电信号、电磁信号，声波信号或光波信号，这些信号可以由无线电频率或红外数据通信的方法所产生的。通常的计算机可读介质包括硬盘、软盘、磁带、任何其他磁性介质；CD-ROM、DVD、DVD-ROM、任何其他光学介质；穿孔卡、任何其他包含小孔模式的物理存储介质；RAM、PROM、EPROM、FLASH-EPROM，任何其他存储器片或磁带；传输数据或指令的载波、电缆或传输载波的连接装置、任何其他可以利用计算机读取的程序代码和/或数据。这些计算机可读介质的形式中，会有很多种出现在处理器在执行指令、传递一个或更多结果的过程之中。Thus, a computer-readable medium may take many forms, including, but not limited to, tangible storage media, carrier wave media, or physical transmission media. Stable storage media include optical or magnetic disks, and other storage systems used in computers or similar devices that can implement the system components described in the figures. Unstable storage media include dynamic memory, such as the main memory of a computer platform. Tangible transmission media include coaxial cables, copper cables, and fiber optics, including the wires that form a bus within a computer system. Carrier-wave transmission media can transmit electrical, electromagnetic, acoustic, or light wave signals generated by radio frequency or infrared data communications methods. Typical computer readable media include hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic tapes, any other magnetic media; CD-ROMs, DVDs, DVD-ROMs, any other optical media; punch cards, any other physical storage media containing a pattern of pinholes; RAM, PROM , EPROM, FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chips or magnetic tapes; carrier waves, cables or connecting means for transmitting carrier waves, any other program code and/or data that can be read by a computer. Many of these computer-readable media may be present in the process of executing instructions by a processor, delivering one or more results.

此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本申请所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本申请流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本申请实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的系统组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的系统。此外，本文公开的财务管理系统可以通过固件、固件/软件组合、固件/硬件组合、或硬件/固件/软件组合实现。Furthermore, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences described in the present application, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names are not intended to limit the order of the procedures and methods of the present application. While the foregoing disclosure discusses by way of various examples some embodiments of the invention that are presently believed to be useful, it is to be understood that such details are for purposes of illustration only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather The requirements are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations falling within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, although the system components described above may be implemented by hardware devices, they may also be implemented by software-only solutions, such as installing the described systems on existing servers or mobile devices. Furthermore, the financial management systems disclosed herein may be implemented in firmware, a firmware/software combination, a firmware/hardware combination, or a hardware/firmware/software combination.

同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本申请披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本申请实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本申请对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the expressions disclosed in the present application and thus help the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application, various features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, in the drawings or descriptions thereof. However, this method of disclosure does not imply that the subject matter of the application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. Indeed, there are fewer features of an embodiment than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

Claims (13)

1. An apparatus, comprising:

a memory stores instructions; and

at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to cause the processor to perform operations comprising:

receiving a first signal, said first signal reflecting cardiac activity of a subject;

receiving a plurality of second signals reflecting time-varying information on at least one pulse wave of the subject;

identifying a first feature in the first signal;

identifying a second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals;

calculating a pulse transit time based on a difference between the first feature and at least one of the second features; and

calculating the blood pressure of the subject according to a model based on the calculated pulse transit time, the model including compensation terms related to the plurality of second signals or the second characteristic; the compensation term is related to the distribution or correlation of a plurality of second signals of different positions of the body of the subject or information derived from the plurality of second signals;

wherein the receiving a plurality of second signals comprises communicating with a plurality of second sensors configured to acquire the plurality of second signals at a plurality of second locations of the body of the subject; calculating a plurality of blood pressures at the plurality of second locations on the subject's body.

2. The device of claim 1, the operations further comprising selecting the model based on the plurality of second signals or the second features.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, the receiving a first signal comprising communicating with a first sensor configured to acquire the first signal at a first location of the body of the subject.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, at least one sensor of the plurality of second sensors comprising a sensor array comprising a plurality of sensors, a plurality of receiving ends of one or more sensors, or a plurality of transmitting ends of one or more sensors.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, the sensor array configured as an elliptical array, a rectangular array, a circular array, or a triangular array.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, the plurality of second locations comprising at least one of a head, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arm, wrist, waist, thigh, knee, or ankle of the subject.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, the operations further comprising

Providing a recommendation relating to the subject based on the plurality of blood pressures obtained by the calculating.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, at least one of the first signal or the plurality of second signals comprising an optical signal or an electrical signal.

9. The device of claim 1, the operations further comprising receiving a set of calibrations, and the calculating the blood pressure comprises using the set of calibrations.

10. The device of claim 1, at least one of the first signal or the plurality of second signals comprising a photoplethysmography waveform, an electrocardiogram waveform, or a ballistocardiogram waveform.

11. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein,

the first characteristic of the first signal corresponds to a first point in time; and said identifying a second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals comprises:

selecting a partial signal in the second signal, the partial signal occurring within a time window starting from a first point in time; and

locating the second feature, the second feature corresponding to a second point in time in the partial signal.

12. A system, comprising:

an acquisition module for receiving a first signal reflecting heart activity of a subject and a plurality of second signals reflecting time-varying information on at least one pulse wave of the subject; and

an analysis module to:

identifying a first feature in the first signal;

identifying a second characteristic of each of the plurality of second signals;

calculating a pulse transit time based on a difference between the first feature and at least one of the second features; and

calculating the blood pressure of the subject according to a model based on the calculated pulse transit time, the model including compensation terms related to the plurality of second signals or the second characteristic; the compensation term is related to the distribution or correlation of a plurality of second signals of different positions of the body of the subject or information derived from the plurality of second signals;

wherein the receiving a plurality of second signals comprises communicating with a plurality of second sensors configured to acquire the plurality of second signals at a plurality of second locations of the body of the subject; calculating a plurality of blood pressures at the plurality of second locations on the subject's body.

13. The system of claim 12, further comprising an output module for outputting the calculated blood pressure.

Images