本申请要求在2017年08月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710693385.8、申请名称为“一种裸眼3D显示器件及液晶显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on August 14, 2017, with the application number 201710693385.8 and the application title "A Glasses-free 3D Display Device and Liquid Crystal Display Device", the entire content of which is incorporated by reference In this application.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种裸眼3D显示器件及液晶显示装置。The invention relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a naked-eye 3D display device and a liquid crystal display device.
背景技术Background technique
随着液晶显示技术的不断发展，三维(Three-Dimensional，3D)立体显示技术已经备受关注，成为显示领域的一个重要的前沿科技领域，其最基本的原理是利用左右人眼分别接收不同的画面，经过大脑对接收的图像信息进行叠加重生，构成立体方向效果的影像。3D立体显示技术包括助视3D显示和裸眼3D显示。其中，裸眼3D显示为不需要任何助视设备观看到3D效果的显示。With the continuous development of liquid crystal display technology, three-dimensional (Three-Dimensional, 3D) stereoscopic display technology has attracted much attention and has become an important cutting-edge technology field in the display field. The picture is superimposed and regenerated by the brain on the received image information to form an image with a three-dimensional effect. 3D stereoscopic display technology includes vision-aided 3D display and naked-eye 3D display. Among them, the naked-eye 3D display is a display that does not require any visual aid device to view the 3D effect.
现有的裸眼3D移动显示产品(例如手机产品)更多服务于单人观看，而现有的裸眼3D显示设备在3D显示模式下，其出射光线分布在各个方向，只有少量光线起到3D观看的作用，大部分光线都无法被观看者接收到，从而造成光利用率较低，对功耗造成浪费，对移动显示设备而言，将造成待机时间短的问题。The existing naked-eye 3D mobile display products (such as mobile phone products) are more for single-person viewing, while the existing naked-eye 3D display devices are in 3D display mode, the outgoing light is distributed in all directions, and only a small amount of light can be used for 3D viewing. Most of the light cannot be received by the viewer, resulting in a low light utilization rate and a waste of power consumption. For mobile display devices, it will cause a problem of short standby time.
因此，如何降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗，是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。Therefore, how to reduce the power consumption of the naked-eye 3D display device is a technical problem urgently needed to be solved by those skilled in the art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供了一种裸眼3D显示器件及液晶显示装置，用以降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗。Embodiments of the present invention provide a naked-eye 3D display device and a liquid crystal display device, which are used to reduce power consumption of the naked-eye 3D display device.
本发明实施例提供的一种裸眼3D显示器件，包括：依次设置的偏振片、第一基板、第一黑矩阵层、第一电极、光学元件结构、液晶层、第二电极和第二基板，以及向所述偏振片发射准直光的光源；其中，A naked-eye 3D display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a polarizer, a first substrate, a first black matrix layer, a first electrode, an optical element structure, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode, and a second substrate arranged in sequence, and a light source emitting collimated light to said polarizer; wherein,
所述第一黑矩阵层在每一子像素单元设置有一开口；The first black matrix layer is provided with an opening in each sub-pixel unit;
所述光学元件结构包括多个棱镜，每一所述棱镜完全覆盖一所述开口，各所述棱镜设置于所述液晶层中；The optical element structure includes a plurality of prisms, each of the prisms completely covers one of the openings, and each of the prisms is disposed in the liquid crystal layer;
在3D显示模式下，在对所述第一电极和所述第二电极加载电压信号时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子发生旋转，使得入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场。In the 3D display mode, when a voltage signal is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer rotate, so that the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms The direction of the exiting light points to the field of view of the left eye, and the direction of the exiting light points to the field of view of the right eye after the light incident on each right-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms.
本发明实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件，包括：依次设置的偏振片、第一基板、第一黑矩阵层、第一电极、光学元件结构、液晶层、第二电极和第二基板，以及向所述偏振片发射准直光的光源；其中，所述第一黑矩阵层在每一子像素单元设置有一开口；所述光学元件结构包括多个棱镜，每一所述棱镜完全覆盖一所述开口，各所述棱镜设置于所述液晶层中；在3D显示模式下，在对所述第一电极和所述第二电极加载电压信号时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子发生旋转，使得入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，由于在3D显示模式下，入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，这样，出射的光线基本能被观看者接收到，从而可以减少光线损耗，降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗。The naked-eye 3D display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a polarizer arranged in sequence, a first substrate, a first black matrix layer, a first electrode, an optical element structure, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode and a second substrate, and The polarizer emits a light source of collimated light; wherein, the first black matrix layer is provided with an opening in each sub-pixel unit; the optical element structure includes a plurality of prisms, and each of the prisms completely covers one of the Each of the prisms is arranged in the liquid crystal layer; in the 3D display mode, when a voltage signal is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer rotate, so that The light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by each prism, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the left-eye field of view, and the light incident on each right-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by each prism, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the right-eye field of view. In the 3D display mode, the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the left-eye field of view, and the light incident on each right-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light is The direction points to the field of view of the right eye, so that the emitted light can basically be received by the viewer, thereby reducing light loss and power consumption of the naked-eye 3D display device.
较佳地，所述棱镜为直角棱镜，所述光源发射的光线从所述直角棱镜的一直角面入射，并从所述直角棱镜的底面出射。Preferably, the prism is a right-angle prism, and the light emitted by the light source is incident from a right-angle surface of the right-angle prism and exits from the bottom surface of the right-angle prism.
较佳地，从所述裸眼3D显示器件的边缘区域到所述裸眼3D显示器件中与人眼视场相对的区域，所述直角棱镜的入光面与出光面之间的夹角逐渐减小。Preferably, from the edge area of the naked-eye 3D display device to the area of the naked-eye 3D display device opposite to the field of view of the human eye, the angle between the light incident surface and the light output surface of the right-angle prism gradually decreases .
较佳地，所述第一电极为包括多个独立的条状的电极部的狭缝电极，所述第二电极为板状电极。Preferably, the first electrode is a slit electrode including a plurality of independent strip-shaped electrode parts, and the second electrode is a plate-shaped electrode.
较佳地，每一子像素单元中，所述狭缝电极包括两层结构，每层结构包括多个条状的电极部以及位于相邻的电极部之间的多个狭缝，上层结构的电极部设于下层结构的狭缝上方，且上层结构的电极部与相邻的下层结构的电极部在所述第一基板上的投影有部分重合。Preferably, in each sub-pixel unit, the slit electrode includes a two-layer structure, each layer structure includes a plurality of strip-shaped electrode parts and a plurality of slits between adjacent electrode parts, and the upper layer structure The electrode part is arranged above the slit of the lower structure, and the projection of the electrode part of the upper structure and the electrode part of the adjacent lower structure on the first substrate partly overlaps.
较佳地，所述光源为面状光源或点阵光源。Preferably, the light source is a planar light source or a dot matrix light source.
较佳地，还包括：位于所述第二电极和所述第二基板之间的彩膜结构；所述彩膜结构至少包括用于3D显示的普通彩膜层。Preferably, it further includes: a color filter structure located between the second electrode and the second substrate; the color filter structure at least includes a common color filter layer for 3D display.
较佳地，所述彩膜结构还包括：用于2D显示的扩散膜彩膜层；所述扩散膜彩膜层与所述普通彩膜层在所述第一基板上的投影不重合，每一子像素单元中，所述普通彩膜层比所述扩散膜彩膜层更靠近所述裸眼3D显示器件中与人眼视场相对的区域。Preferably, the color filter structure further includes: a diffuser color filter layer for 2D display; projections of the diffuser color filter layer and the ordinary color filter layer on the first substrate do not overlap, each In a sub-pixel unit, the ordinary color filter layer is closer to the area of the naked-eye 3D display device that is opposite to the field of view of human eyes than the diffuser color filter layer.
较佳地，若所述光源为面状光源，还包括：位于所述第二电极和所述第二基板之间的第二黑矩阵层；所述第二黑矩阵层与所述普通彩膜层在所述第一基板上的投影不重合，每一子像素单元中，所述普通彩膜层比所述第二黑矩阵层更靠近所述裸眼3D显示器件中与人眼视场相对的区域。Preferably, if the light source is a planar light source, it further includes: a second black matrix layer located between the second electrode and the second substrate; the second black matrix layer and the ordinary color filter The projections of the layers on the first substrate do not overlap, and in each sub-pixel unit, the ordinary color filter layer is closer to the part of the naked-eye 3D display device that is opposite to the field of view of the human eye than the second black matrix layer. area.
本发明实施例还提供了一种液晶显示装置，包括本发明任意实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件。An embodiment of the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, including the naked-eye 3D display device provided in any embodiment of the present invention.
由于本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置，包括本发明任意实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件，而本发明实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件包括：依次设置的偏振片、第一基板、第一黑矩阵层、第一电极、光学元件结构、液晶层、第二电极和第二基板，以及向所述偏振片发射准直光的光源；其中，所述第一黑矩阵层在每一子像素单元设置有一开口；所述光学元件结构包括多个棱镜，每一所述棱镜完全覆盖一所述开口，各所述棱镜设置于所述液晶层中；在3D显示模式下，在对所述第一电极和所述第二电极加载电压信号时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子发生旋转，使得入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，由于在3D显示模式下，入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，这样，出射的光线基本能被观看者接收到，从而可以减少光线损耗，降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗。Since the liquid crystal display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the naked-eye 3D display device provided by any embodiment of the present invention, the naked-eye 3D display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a polarizer, a first substrate, a first black Matrix layer, first electrode, optical element structure, liquid crystal layer, second electrode and second substrate, and a light source that emits collimated light to the polarizer; wherein, the first black matrix layer is in each sub-pixel unit An opening is provided; the optical element structure includes a plurality of prisms, each of the prisms completely covers one of the openings, and each of the prisms is arranged in the liquid crystal layer; in the 3D display mode, when the first When the electrode and the second electrode are loaded with a voltage signal, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer rotate, so that the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the left-eye field of view. The light of each right-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the right-eye field of view. Because in the 3D display mode, the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, the direction of the outgoing light is Pointing to the field of view of the left eye, the light incident on each sub-pixel unit of the right eye is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the field of view of the right eye. In this way, the emitted light can basically be received by the viewer, thereby reducing light loss. Reduce power consumption of naked-eye 3D display devices.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例一提供的裸眼3D显示器件的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件在处于3D显示模式下的亮态显示时光线偏折示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of light deflection when the naked-eye 3D display device is in the bright state display in the 3D display mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件在黑态显示时光线偏折示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of light deflection when the naked-eye 3D display device is displayed in a black state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例二提供的裸眼3D显示器件的结构示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件在处于2D显示模式下的亮态显示时光线偏折示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of light deflection when the naked-eye 3D display device is in a bright state display in a 2D display mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例三提供的裸眼3D显示器件的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例四提供的裸眼3D显示器件的结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明实施例提供了一种裸眼3D显示器件及液晶显示装置，用以降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗。Embodiments of the present invention provide a naked-eye 3D display device and a liquid crystal display device, which are used to reduce power consumption of the naked-eye 3D display device.
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，本发明附图中各层的厚度和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明内容。It should be noted that the thickness and shape of each layer in the drawings of the present invention do not reflect the real scale, and the purpose is only to illustrate the contents of the present invention.
实施例一：Embodiment one:
参见图1，本发明实施例一提供的一种裸眼3D显示器件，包括：依次设置的偏振片11、第一基板12、第一黑矩阵层13、第一电极14、光学元件结构15、液晶层16、第二电极17和第二基板18，以及向偏振片11发射准直光的光源19。Referring to FIG. 1, a naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: a polarizer 11, a first substrate 12, a first black matrix layer 13, a first electrode 14, an optical element structure 15, and a liquid crystal layer 16 , a second electrode 17 and a second substrate 18 , and a light source 19 emitting collimated light toward the polarizer 11 .
其中，第一黑矩阵层13在每一子像素单元20(图1中以虚线间隔子像素单元)设置有一开口21；Wherein, the first black matrix layer 13 is provided with an opening 21 in each sub-pixel unit 20 (the sub-pixel units are separated by dotted lines in FIG. 1 );
光学元件结构15包括多个棱镜151，每一棱镜151完全覆盖一开口21，各棱镜151设置于液晶层16中；棱镜151的材质例如可以为树脂材质；棱镜151的折射率n'介于液晶的寻常光折射率no与非常光折射率ne之间。The optical element structure 15 includes a plurality of prisms 151, each prism 151 completely covers an opening 21, and each prism 151 is arranged in the liquid crystal layer 16; the material of the prism 151 can be a resin material, for example; the refractive index n' of the prism 151 is between liquid crystal Between the ordinary light refractive index no and the extraordinary light refractive indexne .
光源19为面状光源；The light source 19 is a planar light source;
在3D显示模式下，在对第一电极14和第二电极17加载电压信号时，液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，使得入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场(图1中带箭头的直线表示光线的传播方向)。通常，该裸眼3D显示器件的左眼子像素单元与右眼子像素单元间隔分布。In the 3D display mode, when a voltage signal is applied to the first electrode 14 and the second electrode 17, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 rotate, so that the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms 151 and then exits. The direction of the emitted light points to the field of view of the left eye, and the direction of the emitted light after being deflected by the respective prisms 151 points to the field of view of the right eye (the straight line with the arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the direction of light propagation). Usually, the left-eye sub-pixel unit and the right-eye sub-pixel unit of the naked-eye 3D display device are distributed at intervals.
由于在3D显示模式下，入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，这样，出射的光线基本能被观看者接收到，从而可以减少光线损耗，降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗。Since in the 3D display mode, the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms 151, the direction of the outgoing light points to the left-eye field of view, and the light incident on each right-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms 151 before exiting. The direction of the emitted light points to the field of view of the right eye, so that the emitted light can basically be received by the viewer, thereby reducing light loss and power consumption of the naked-eye 3D display device.
在一较佳实施方式中，如图1所示，棱镜151为直角棱镜，光源19发射的光线从直角棱镜的一直角面入射，并从该直角棱镜的底面(或称斜面)出射。当然，棱镜151也可以为其它类型的棱镜，只要能实现上述功能即可，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the prism 151 is a right-angle prism, and the light emitted by the light source 19 is incident from the right-angle surface of the right-angle prism and exits from the bottom surface (or inclined surface) of the right-angle prism. Certainly, the prism 151 may also be other types of prisms, as long as the above functions can be realized, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
在一较佳实施方式中，如图1所示，从裸眼3D显示器件的边缘区域到裸眼3D显示器件中与人眼视场24相对的区域，直角棱镜的入光面与出光面之间的夹角θ逐渐减小。较佳地，人眼视场24可以设置在对应裸眼3D显示器件的中心区域的位置，但本发明实施例并不限于此。In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, from the edge area of the naked-eye 3D display device to the area opposite to the human eye field of view 24 in the naked-eye 3D display device, the distance between the light incident surface and the light exit surface of the rectangular prism The included angle θ decreases gradually. Preferably, the field of view 24 of the human eye may be set at a position corresponding to the central area of the naked-eye 3D display device, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
需要指出的是，本发明实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件中，直角棱镜可以如图1所示底面朝向人眼视场24，还可以设置成直角面朝向人眼视场24(即光源19发射的光线从直角棱镜的底面入射，并从该直角棱镜的一直角面出射)，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。It should be pointed out that in the naked-eye 3D display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the right-angle prism can have a bottom surface facing the human eye field of view 24 as shown in FIG. The light is incident from the bottom surface of the right-angle prism and exits from the right-angle surface of the right-angle prism), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
在一较佳实施方式中，第一电极14可以设置为包括多个独立的条状的电极部的狭缝电极，第二电极17可以设置为板状电极。第一电极14可以作为像素电极，第二电极17可以作为公共电极。In a preferred embodiment, the first electrode 14 may be configured as a slit electrode including a plurality of independent strip-shaped electrode parts, and the second electrode 17 may be configured as a plate-shaped electrode. The first electrode 14 can be used as a pixel electrode, and the second electrode 17 can be used as a common electrode.
需要指出的是，第一电极14与第二电极17的位置可以互换，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。It should be noted that the positions of the first electrode 14 and the second electrode 17 can be interchanged, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
在一较佳实施方式中，如图1所示，每一子像素单元20中，狭缝电极包括两层结构，每层结构包括多个条状的电极部141以及位于相邻的电极部141之间的多个狭缝142，上层结构的电极部141设于下层结构的狭缝142上方，且上层结构的电极部141与相邻的下层结构的电极部141在第一基板12上的投影有部分重合。其中，各个条状的电极部141之间相互独立，给各个电极部141加载的电压信号是独立控制的。当然，狭缝电极也可以设置成由多个相互独立的条状的电极部141构成的单层结构，只是这样形成的显示器件可能会存在漏光问题；狭缝电极还可以设置成由多个相互独立的条状的电极部141构成的两层以上的结构，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , in each sub-pixel unit 20 , the slit electrode includes a two-layer structure, each layer structure includes a plurality of strip-shaped electrode portions 141 and adjacent electrode portions 141 Between the plurality of slits 142, the electrode portion 141 of the upper layer structure is arranged above the slit 142 of the lower layer structure, and the projection of the electrode portion 141 of the upper layer structure and the electrode portion 141 of the adjacent lower layer structure on the first substrate 12 There is some overlap. Wherein, each strip-shaped electrode portion 141 is independent of each other, and the voltage signal applied to each electrode portion 141 is independently controlled. Of course, the slit electrode can also be arranged as a single-layer structure composed of a plurality of mutually independent strip-shaped electrode parts 141, but the display device formed in this way may have the problem of light leakage; The structure of more than two layers formed by the independent strip-shaped electrode parts 141 is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
通过将上层结构的电极部141与相邻的下层结构的电极部141在第一基板12上的投影设置成有部分重合，这样可以避免形成的显示器件漏光。By setting the projections of the electrode portion 141 of the upper layer structure and the electrode portion 141 of the adjacent lower layer structure on the first substrate 12 to partially overlap each other, light leakage of the formed display device can be avoided.
需要指出的是，上述裸眼3D显示器件能够显示的灰阶数与子像素单元20中包括的电极部141的条数有关，各电极部141可以设置成相同，例如：子像素单元20中包括7条电极部141，则上述裸眼3D显示器件能够实现8个灰阶的显示；为了能够实现更多灰阶显示，各电极部141还可以设置成不相同，例如，子像素单元20中包括7条电极部141，该7条电极部141的面积比为1:2:4:8:16:32:64(在电极部141的长度一致时，也即电极部141的宽度比为1:2:4:8:16:32:64)，通过搭配电极部141，则上述裸眼3D显示器件能够实现128个灰阶的显示。It should be pointed out that the number of gray scales that can be displayed by the naked-eye 3D display device is related to the number of electrode parts 141 included in the sub-pixel unit 20, and each electrode part 141 can be set to be the same, for example: the sub-pixel unit 20 includes 7 The above-mentioned naked-eye 3D display device can realize the display of 8 gray scales; in order to realize more gray scale display, each electrode portion 141 can also be set to be different, for example, the sub-pixel unit 20 includes 7 The electrode portion 141, the area ratio of the seven electrode portions 141 is 1:2:4:8:16:32:64 (when the length of the electrode portion 141 is consistent, that is, the width ratio of the electrode portion 141 is 1:2: 4:8:16:32:64), by matching with the electrode part 141, the above-mentioned naked-eye 3D display device can realize display of 128 gray scales.
在一较佳实施方式中，如图1所示，上述裸眼3D显示器件还可以包括：位于第二电极17和第二基板18之间的彩膜结构22；该彩膜结构22包括用于3D显示的普通彩膜层221。In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned naked-eye 3D display device may further include: a color filter structure 22 located between the second electrode 17 and the second substrate 18; the color filter structure 22 includes The ordinary color filter layer 221 shown.
上述裸眼3D显示器件还包括：位于第二电极17和第二基板18之间的第二黑矩阵层23；在一较佳实施方式中，如图1所示，第二黑矩阵层23与普通彩膜层221在第一基板12上的投影不重合，每一子像素单元20中，普通彩膜层221比第二黑矩阵层23更靠近裸眼3D显示器件中与人眼视场24相对的区域。The above-mentioned naked-eye 3D display device also includes: a second black matrix layer 23 located between the second electrode 17 and the second substrate 18; in a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. The projections of the color filter layer 221 on the first substrate 12 do not overlap. In each sub-pixel unit 20, the ordinary color filter layer 221 is closer to the part of the naked-eye 3D display device that is opposite to the field of view 24 of the human eye than the second black matrix layer 23. area.
在一较佳实施方式中，如图1所示，第二黑矩阵层23与普通彩膜层221同层设置，当然，也可以不同层设置，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。In a preferred implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 1 , the second black matrix layer 23 and the ordinary color filter layer 221 are arranged in the same layer, of course, they can also be arranged in different layers, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
在一较佳实施方式中，光源19发射的光线方向垂直第一基板12。In a preferred embodiment, the direction of light emitted by the light source 19 is perpendicular to the first substrate 12 .
在一较佳实施方式中，在第一黑矩阵层13与光学元件结构15之间设有第一平坦层，第一电极14设置于该第一平坦层中。In a preferred embodiment, a first flat layer is disposed between the first black matrix layer 13 and the optical element structure 15, and the first electrode 14 is disposed in the first flat layer.
在一较佳实施方式中，在第二电极17与普通彩膜层221之间设有第二平坦层。第二平坦层的厚度一般可以设置成10μm以上。In a preferred embodiment, a second flat layer is provided between the second electrode 17 and the common color filter layer 221 . The thickness of the second flat layer can generally be set to be greater than 10 μm.
下面对本发明实施例一中裸眼3D显示器件的工作原理进行简单说明。The working principle of the naked-eye 3D display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be briefly described below.
在本发明实施例中，当裸眼3D显示器件处于3D工作状态时，针对任意一个子像素单元20，在亮态显示时，对该子像素单元20的全部电极部141加载第一电压信号，该子像素单元20的全部电极部141上的液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，液晶等效折射率为第一折射率n1，使得全部入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向人眼视场24(该子像素单元20中的普通彩膜层221设置在棱镜151到人眼视场的光路上)；在黑态显示时，对该子像素单元20的全部电极部141加载第二电压信号，该子像素单元20的全部电极部141上的液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，液晶等效折射率为第二折射率n2，使得全部入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的第二黑矩阵层23而被吸收；在中间灰态显示时，对该子像素单元20的部分电极部141加载第一电压信号，部分电极部141加载第二电压信号，使得部分入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向人眼视场24，部分入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的第二黑矩阵层23而被吸收。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the naked-eye 3D display device is in the 3D working state, for any sub-pixel unit 20, when displaying in the bright state, the first voltage signal is applied to all the electrode parts 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20, the The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 on all the electrode portions 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20 rotate, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal is the first refractive index n1, so that all the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 The direction of the outgoing light points to the field of view of the human eye 24 (the common color filter layer 221 in the sub-pixel unit 20 is arranged on the optical path from the prism 151 to the field of view of the human eye); All the electrode parts 141 are loaded with the second voltage signal, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 on all the electrode parts 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20 rotate, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal is the second refractive index n2, so that all the liquid crystals incident on the sub-pixel The light of the unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and then irradiated to the second black matrix layer 23 in the sub-pixel unit 20 to be absorbed; A voltage signal, part of the electrode portion 141 is loaded with a second voltage signal, so that part of the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and the direction of the outgoing light points to the human eye field of view 24, and part of the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 The light is deflected by the prism 151 and irradiated to the second black matrix layer 23 in the sub-pixel unit 20 to be absorbed.
例如：图1中虚线框中的子像素单元20，在亮态显示时，入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向如图2所示，在黑态显示时，入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向如图3所示。For example: the sub-pixel unit 20 in the dotted line box in Fig. 1, when displaying in a bright state, the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and then the direction of the outgoing light is shown in Fig. 2, when it is displayed in a black state The direction of the outgoing light after the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by the prism 151 is shown in FIG. 3 .
需要指出的是，上述的第一电压信号、第二电压信号、第一折射率n1、第二折射率n2均不指某一特定值，对于不同的子像素单元20，其取值可能不同。It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned first voltage signal, second voltage signal, first refractive index n1 and second refractive index n2 do not refer to a specific value, and the values may be different for different sub-pixel units 20 .
实施例二：Embodiment two:
本发明实施例二提供的裸眼3D显示器件与本发明实施例一提供的裸眼3D显示器件相似，相同的部分在此不再赘述，下面只说明不同的部分。The naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention is similar to the naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the same parts will not be repeated here, and only the different parts will be described below.
参见图4，本发明实施例二提供的裸眼3D显示器件，彩膜结构22不仅包括用于3D显示的普通彩膜层221，还包括：用于2D显示的扩散膜彩膜层222。Referring to FIG. 4 , in the naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the color filter structure 22 includes not only a common color filter layer 221 for 3D display, but also a diffuser color filter layer 222 for 2D display.
在一较佳实施方式中，如图4所示，扩散膜彩膜层222与普通彩膜层221在第一基板12上的投影不重合，每一子像素单元20中，普通彩膜层221比扩散膜彩膜层222更靠近裸眼3D显示器件中与人眼视场相对的区域。In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the projections of the diffuser color filter layer 222 and the ordinary color filter layer 221 on the first substrate 12 do not overlap. In each sub-pixel unit 20, the ordinary color filter layer 221 The color filter layer 222 is closer to the area of the naked-eye 3D display device that is opposite to the field of view of the human eye than the diffusion film color filter layer 222 .
在一较佳实施方式中，如图4所示，扩散膜彩膜层222与普通彩膜层221同层设置，当然，也可以不同层设置，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。In a preferred implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 4 , the diffuser color filter layer 222 and the common color filter layer 221 are arranged in the same layer, of course, they can also be arranged in different layers, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
需要指出的是，每一子像素单元20中，扩散膜彩膜层222与第二黑矩阵层23的位置可以如图4所示，也可以是将图4中两者的位置互换后得到的位置，本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。It should be pointed out that, in each sub-pixel unit 20, the positions of the diffuser color filter layer 222 and the second black matrix layer 23 can be as shown in FIG. 4 , or can be obtained by exchanging the positions of the two in FIG. 4 . The location of , which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
下面对本发明实施例二中裸眼3D显示器件的工作原理进行简单说明。The working principle of the naked-eye 3D display device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be briefly described below.
在本发明实施例中，当裸眼3D显示器件处于3D工作状态时，其工作原理与本发明实施例一中裸眼3D显示器件的工作原理相同，在此不再赘述。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the naked-eye 3D display device is in the 3D working state, its working principle is the same as that of the naked-eye 3D display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.
当裸眼3D显示器件处于2D工作状态时，针对任意一个子像素单元20，在亮态显示时，对该子像素单元20的全部电极部141加载第三电压信号，该子像素单元20的全部电极部141上的液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，液晶等效折射率为第三折射率n3，使得全部入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的扩散膜彩膜层222，经扩散膜彩膜层222滤波以及打散后出射；在黑态显示时，对该子像素单元20的全部电极部141加载第二电压信号，该子像素单元20的全部电极部141上的液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，液晶等效折射率为第二折射率n2，使得全部入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的第二黑矩阵层23而被吸收；在中间灰态显示时，对该子像素单元20的部分电极部141加载第三电压信号，部分电极部141加载第二电压信号，使得部分入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的扩散膜彩膜层222，部分入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的第二黑矩阵层23而被吸收，以实现宽视角2D显示。When the naked-eye 3D display device is in the 2D working state, for any sub-pixel unit 20, when displaying in the bright state, the third voltage signal is applied to all the electrode parts 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20, and all the electrodes of the sub-pixel unit 20 The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 on the portion 141 rotate, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal is the third refractive index n3, so that all the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and then illuminates the sub-pixel unit 20 The color filter layer 222 in the diffuser filter is filtered and scattered by the color filter layer 222 and emitted; when displaying in the black state, the second voltage signal is applied to all the electrode parts 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20, and the sub-pixel unit The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 on all the electrode portions 141 of 20 rotate, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal is the second refractive index n2, so that all the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and then irradiates the sub-pixel unit 20. The second black matrix layer 23 in the sub-pixel unit 20 is absorbed; when displaying in the intermediate gray state, the third voltage signal is applied to the part of the electrode part 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20, and the second voltage signal is applied to part of the electrode part 141, Part of the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and then irradiates the diffuser color filter layer 222 in the sub-pixel unit 20 , and part of the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 before being irradiated The second black matrix layer 23 in the sub-pixel unit 20 is absorbed to realize wide viewing angle 2D display.
例如：图4中虚线框中的子像素单元20，在处于2D显示模式下的亮态显示时，入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向如图5所示。For example: for the sub-pixel unit 20 in the dotted line box in FIG. 4 , when it is in the bright state display in the 2D display mode, the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and the direction of the outgoing light is shown in FIG. 5 .
需要指出的是，上述的第三电压信号、第三折射率n3均不指某一特定值，对于不同的子像素单元20，其取值可能不同。It should be pointed out that neither the above-mentioned third voltage signal nor the third refractive index n3 refers to a specific value, and the values may be different for different sub-pixel units 20 .
实施例三：Embodiment three:
本发明实施例三提供的裸眼3D显示器件与本发明实施例一提供的裸眼3D显示器件相似，相同的部分在此不再赘述，下面只说明不同的部分。The naked-eye 3D display device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to the naked-eye 3D display device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts will not be repeated here, and only the different parts will be described below.
参见图6，本发明实施例三提供的裸眼3D显示器件，光源19为点阵光源，其中，每个点光源的亮度都可以独立控制，每一子像素单元20中，可以不设置第二黑矩阵层23。Referring to FIG. 6 , in the naked-eye 3D display device provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention, the light source 19 is a dot-matrix light source, wherein the brightness of each point light source can be independently controlled, and in each sub-pixel unit 20, the second black matrix layer 23 .
在一较佳实施方式中，每一子像素单元20中，作为像素电极的第一电极14可以设置为板状。In a preferred implementation manner, in each sub-pixel unit 20, the first electrode 14 serving as a pixel electrode may be arranged in a plate shape.
下面对本发明实施例三中裸眼3D显示器件的工作原理进行简单说明。The working principle of the naked-eye 3D display device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be briefly described below.
在本发明实施例中，当裸眼3D显示器件处于3D工作状态时，针对任意一个子像素单元20，对该子像素单元20的全部电极部141加载第一电压信号，该子像素单元20的全部电极部141上的液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，液晶等效折射率为第一折射率n1，使得全部入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后出射光的方向指向人眼视场(该子像素单元20中的普通彩膜层221设置在棱镜151到人眼视场的光路上)，并且通过控制该子像素单元20对应的光源19的亮度实现灰阶显示。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the naked-eye 3D display device is in the 3D working state, for any sub-pixel unit 20, the first voltage signal is applied to all the electrode portions 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20, and all the sub-pixel units 20 The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 on the electrode part 141 rotate, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal is the first refractive index n1, so that all the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and the direction of the outgoing light points to the human body. The visual field of the eye (the ordinary color filter layer 221 in the sub-pixel unit 20 is set on the optical path from the prism 151 to the visual field of the human eye), and grayscale display is realized by controlling the brightness of the light source 19 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 20 .
实施例四：Embodiment four:
本发明实施例四提供的裸眼3D显示器件与本发明实施例三提供的裸眼3D显示器件相似，相同的部分在此不再赘述，下面只说明不同的部分。The naked-eye 3D display device provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention is similar to the naked-eye 3D display device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts will not be repeated here, and only the different parts will be described below.
参见图7，本发明实施例四提供的裸眼3D显示器件，其彩膜结构22采用本发明实施例二提供的裸眼3D显示器件中的彩膜结构22。Referring to FIG. 7 , the color filter structure 22 of the naked-eye 3D display device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention adopts the color filter structure 22 in the naked-eye 3D display device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
下面对本发明实施例四中裸眼3D显示器件的工作原理进行简单说明。The working principle of the naked-eye 3D display device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be briefly described below.
在本发明实施例中，当裸眼3D显示器件处于3D工作状态时，其工作原理与本发明实施例三中裸眼3D显示器件的工作原理相同，在此不再赘述。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the naked-eye 3D display device is in the 3D working state, its working principle is the same as that of the naked-eye 3D display device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.
为了实现宽视角2D显示，当裸眼3D显示器件处于2D工作状态时，针对任意一个子像素单元20，对该子像素单元20的全部电极部141加载第三电压信号，该子像素单元20的全部电极部141上的液晶层16中的液晶分子发生旋转，液晶等效折射率为第三折射率n3，使得全部入射该子像素单元20的光经其棱镜151偏折后照射到该子像素单元20中的扩散膜彩膜层222，经扩散膜彩膜层222滤波以及打散后出射，并且通过控制该子像素单元20对应的光源19的亮度实现灰阶显示。In order to realize wide viewing angle 2D display, when the naked-eye 3D display device is in the 2D working state, for any sub-pixel unit 20, the third voltage signal is applied to all the electrode parts 141 of the sub-pixel unit 20, and all the sub-pixel units 20 The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 16 on the electrode part 141 rotate, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal is the third refractive index n3, so that all the light incident on the sub-pixel unit 20 is deflected by its prism 151 and then illuminates the sub-pixel unit The diffuser color filter layer 222 in 20 is filtered and scattered by the diffuser filter layer 222 before emitting, and the grayscale display is realized by controlling the brightness of the light source 19 corresponding to the sub-pixel unit 20 .
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种液晶显示装置，包括本发明任意实施例提供的裸眼3D显示器件，该液晶显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, including the naked-eye 3D display device provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and the liquid crystal display device can be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a notebook computer , digital photo frame, navigator and any other product or component with display function.
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的技术方案中，裸眼3D显示器件包括：依次设置的偏振片、第一基板、第一黑矩阵层、第一电极、光学元件结构、液晶层、第二电极和第二基板，以及向所述偏振片发射准直光的光源；其中，所述第一黑矩阵层在每一子像素单元设置有一开口；所述光学元件结构包括多个棱镜，每一所述棱镜完全覆盖一所述开口，各所述棱镜设置于所述液晶层中；在3D显示模式下，在对所述第一电极和所述第二电极加载电压信号时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子发生旋转，使得入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，由于在3D显示模式下，入射各左眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向左眼视场，入射各右眼子像素单元的光经各自棱镜偏折后出射光的方向指向右眼视场，这样，出射的光线基本能被观看者接收到，从而可以减少光线损耗，降低裸眼3D显示设备的功耗。In summary, in the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the naked-eye 3D display device includes: a polarizer, a first substrate, a first black matrix layer, a first electrode, an optical element structure, a liquid crystal layer, a second An electrode, a second substrate, and a light source emitting collimated light to the polarizer; wherein, the first black matrix layer is provided with an opening in each sub-pixel unit; the optical element structure includes a plurality of prisms, each The prism completely covers one of the openings, and each of the prisms is arranged in the liquid crystal layer; in the 3D display mode, when a voltage signal is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal layer The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal rotate, so that the light incident on each left-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the left-eye field of view, and the light incident on each right-eye sub-pixel unit is deflected by the respective prisms, and then exits the light The direction of the light pointing to the right eye field of view, because in the 3D display mode, the light incident on each sub-pixel unit for the left eye is deflected by the respective prisms, and the direction of the outgoing light points to the field of view of the left eye, and the light incident on each sub-pixel unit for the right eye passes through the The direction of the outgoing light after deflection by each prism points to the field of view of the right eye, so that the outgoing light can basically be received by the viewer, thereby reducing light loss and power consumption of the naked-eye 3D display device.
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
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| CN201710693385.8ACN107247361A (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2017-08-14 | A kind of bore hole 3D display devices and liquid crystal display device |
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| CN201710693385.8APendingCN107247361A (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2017-08-14 | A kind of bore hole 3D display devices and liquid crystal display device |
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