Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a tibial prosthesis to achieve a transition between the PS and CR types of tibial prostheses.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide an artificial knee joint to effect a transition between the PS and CR types of tibial prostheses.
Based on the first object, the tibial prosthesis provided by the invention comprises a tibial base body, a CR insert block and a PS insert block;
One surface of the tibia base body, which is far away from the fixed column, is a top surface; the top surface is provided with a basic body groove;
The CR insert block can be detachably connected with the tibia base body through the base body groove;
The PS plug can be detachably connected with the tibia base body through the base body groove.
Optionally, the PS plug includes a plug portion and a column portion fixedly connected in sequence; the inserting part can be detachably connected with the tibia base body through the base body groove; the column part is a column of the tibial prosthesis;
the shape of the inserting part is the same as that of the CR inserting block.
Optionally, the CR insert and the PS insert may be connected to the tibial base body by screws, pins, or keys, respectively;
Along the width direction of the basic body groove, the CR plug block and the PS plug block can be respectively connected with the basic body groove through mortise and tenon structures.
Optionally, the tibial base body is fixedly provided with a stop block;
the base body groove is opened at one end along the length direction of the base body groove, and the other end of the base body groove is connected with the stop block;
Screws, pins or keys can be connected with the CR plug or the PS plug through the stopper.
Optionally, a stop tenon strip or a stop mortise is arranged on one surface of the stop block, which is contacted with the groove of the basic body;
the corresponding surfaces of the CR plug block and the PS plug block are respectively provided with a stop mortise and tenon groove or a stop tenon strip matched with the stop mortise and tenon strip or the stop mortise and tenon groove.
Optionally, a first groove bottom connecting hole is formed in the groove bottom of the basic body groove;
The screws, pins or keys penetrate through the CR plug blocks to be connected with the first tank bottom connecting holes, or the screws, pins or keys penetrate through the PS plug blocks to be connected with the first tank bottom connecting holes.
Optionally, a screw, pin or key passes through the post of the PS insert;
The cross section of the basic body groove along the width direction of the basic body groove is in a dovetail shape.
Optionally, the CR insert and the PS insert may be connected to the tibial base body by one or more of mortise and tenon structures, threaded connections, pin connections, and keyed connections, respectively.
Optionally, the periphery of the plug-in part is provided with threads, and correspondingly, the basic body groove is provided with internal threads, so that the PS plug block is in threaded connection with the tibial basic body;
or the basic body groove is a second groove bottom connecting hole; and a screw, a pin or a key passes through the CR plug or the PS plug to be connected with the second groove bottom connecting hole.
Based on the second object, the artificial knee joint provided by the invention comprises the tibial prosthesis.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the tibial prosthesis, the CR plug block is detachably connected with the tibial base body through the base body groove, and the PS plug block is detachably connected with the tibial base body through the base body groove, so that the PS type and the CR type of the tibial prosthesis can be converted; that is, when the PS-type tibial prosthesis is required, the PS insert block is fixedly connected to the tibial base body, and when the CR-type tibial prosthesis is required, the CR insert block is fixedly connected to the tibial base body. The tibial prosthesis can help doctors to quickly adjust the operation method, facilitates the operations of the doctors, saves the operation time and is more beneficial to patients.
The artificial knee joint provided by the invention comprises the tibial prosthesis, the PS type and the CR type of the tibial prosthesis are converted through the PS plug and the CR plug, a doctor can be helped to quickly adjust an operation method, the operation of the doctor is facilitated, and the operation time is saved, so that the artificial knee joint is more beneficial to a patient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1-1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a prior art PS tibial prosthesis;
FIGS. 1-2 are schematic illustrations of the construction of a prior art CR tibial prosthesis;
FIG. 2-1 is an exploded view of a first PS tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2-2 are schematic views of a first angle configuration of a first PS tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2-3 are schematic views of a second angular configuration of a first PS tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 2-4 are A-A cross-sectional views of the tibial prosthesis of FIGS. 2-3;
FIGS. 2-5 are top views of the tibial prosthesis shown in FIGS. 2-3;
FIGS. 2-6 are B-B cross-sectional views of the tibial prosthesis of FIGS. 2-5;
FIG. 3-1 is an exploded view of a first CR type tibial prosthesis provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3-2 schematically illustrate a first angular configuration of a first CR-type tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3-3 are schematic views of a second angular configuration of a first CR-type tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3-4 are C-C cross-sectional views of the tibial prosthesis shown in FIGS. 3-3;
Fig. 3-5 are top views of the tibial prosthesis shown in fig. 3-3;
figures 3-6 are D-D cross-sectional views of the tibial prosthesis shown in figures 3-5;
fig. 4-1 is a schematic view of a first angle structure of a tibial base body of a first tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4-2 is a schematic view of a second angular configuration of a tibial base body of a first tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4-3 is an E-E cutaway view of the tibial base body of fig. 4-2;
fig. 4-4 is a top view of the tibial base body of fig. 4-2;
FIGS. 4-5 are F-F cross-sectional views of the tibial base body of FIGS. 4-4;
FIG. 5-1 is a schematic view of a first angular configuration of a PS plug of a first tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5-2 is a schematic view of a second angular configuration of a PS plug of a first tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5-3 is a G-G cross-sectional view of the PS plug shown in FIG. 5-2;
FIG. 5-4 is a top view of the PS plug shown in FIG. 5-2;
FIG. 6-1 is a schematic view of a first angular configuration of a CR insert of a first tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6-2 is a schematic view of a second angular configuration of a CR insert of a first tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6-3 is an H-H cross-sectional view of the CR insert of FIG. 6-2;
FIG. 6-4 is a top view of the CR insert of FIG. 6-2;
FIG. 7-1 is an exploded view of a second PS tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7-2 is an exploded view of a second CR-type tibial prosthesis provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7-3 are schematic structural views of a PS plug of a second tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7-4 is an I-I cross-sectional view of the PS plug shown in FIG. 7-3;
fig. 7-5 are schematic views of a CR insert block of a second tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 7-6 are J-J cross-sectional views of the CR insert of FIGS. 7-5;
FIG. 8-1 is a schematic view of a tibial base body of a third tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8-2 is a schematic view of a PS plug of a third tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8-3 are schematic views of a CR insert block of a third tibial prosthesis according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 210-tibial base; 211-top surface; 212-a base body groove; 2121-first groove bottom connecting holes; 2122-second groove bottom connecting holes; 213-stop blocks; 220-CR plug-in block; 230-PS plug; 231-plug-in part; 232-column part; 240-fixing the column.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2-1 through 8-3, the present embodiment provides a tibial prosthesis; referring to fig. 2-1 to 6-4, a schematic diagram of a PS-type and a CR-type of a tibial prosthesis according to the present embodiment is provided, wherein the CR insert or the PS insert is connected to the tibial base body by a mortise and tenon structure and a screw. Referring to fig. 7-1 to 7-6, there are provided related schematic views of a PS-type and a CR-type of another tibial prosthesis according to the present embodiment, wherein the CR insert or the PS insert is connected to the tibial base body by a mortise and tenon structure and two screws. Referring to fig. 8-1 to 8-3, a schematic diagram of a third tibial prosthesis of PS-type and CR-type is provided, wherein the CR insert or PS insert is screwed with the tibial base body, and the threads are not shown.
The sagittal plane of this embodiment is a plane that divides the human body into left and right parts in the human anatomy, and is simply the sagittal plane, regardless of whether the parts are equivalent. For example, the views of FIGS. 2-4, 3-4, 5-3, and 7-6 are all shown on the sagittal plane.
Referring to fig. 2-1 to 8-3, the tibial prosthesis provided in this embodiment is applied to an artificial knee joint, and includes a tibial base body 210, a CR insert 220, and a PS insert 230.
The side of the tibial base body 210 away from the fixed post 240 is a top surface 211; the top surface 211 is provided with a basic body recess 212. The top surface 211 of the tibial base body 210 may also be understood as the mating surface for mating connection with the femoral condyle prosthesis. The tibial prosthesis is used for connection with the tibia of the human body by the fixing post 240.
The CR insert 220 is removably attachable to the tibial base 210 via the base recess 212 to form a CR tibial prosthesis.
The PS insert 230 can be removably coupled to the tibial base 210 via the base recess 212 to form a PS tibial prosthesis.
In the tibial prosthesis of the present embodiment, the CR insert 220 is detachably connected to the tibial base 210 through the base recess 212, and the PS insert 230 is detachably connected to the tibial base 210 through the base recess 212, so as to implement the conversion between PS and CR of the tibial prosthesis; that is, when a PS-type tibial prosthesis is required, the PS insert block 230 is fixedly connected to the tibial base body 210, and when a CR-type tibial prosthesis is required, the CR insert block 220 is fixedly connected to the tibial base body 210. The tibial prosthesis can help doctors to quickly adjust the operation method, facilitates the operations of the doctors, saves the operation time and is more beneficial to patients.
In the prior art, both PS-type and CR-type knee prosthesis systems (including femoral condyle prostheses and tibial prostheses) are often prepared in performing artificial knee arthroplasty to prevent overwhelming in the case of surgical procedure changes. However, the tibial prosthesis is patient-specific, and two sets of tibial prostheses prepared during surgery clearly increase the stock of medical instrument manufacturers, thereby increasing the cost of the tibial prosthesis and increasing the economic burden of the patient. The tibial prosthesis creatively solves the problem of selecting CR type prosthesis and PS type prosthesis in operation by split, universal, plug-in type and other design modes, can help doctors to quickly adjust the operation method, and saves operation time; meanwhile, the tibia prosthesis realizes the switching of the CR type prosthesis and the PS type prosthesis through the switching of the CR inserting block 220 and the PS inserting block 230, so that the stock of medical instrument manufacturers can be reduced to the greatest extent, the stock pressure is reduced, the consumption of raw materials is reduced, the cost can be reduced to the great extent, and the benefit of enterprises is improved.
Referring to fig. 5-1 to 5-4, 7-3, and 7-4, in an alternative of this embodiment, PS plug 230 includes a plug portion 231 and a post portion 232 fixedly connected in sequence. The insert 231 is removably attachable to the tibial base 210 via the base recess 212. The post portion 232 is the post of the PS insert 230, i.e., the post of the tibial prosthesis.
Optionally, the socket 231 is shaped identically to the CR insert 220 for ease of handling by the surgeon and also for ease of manufacturing the tibial prosthesis. For example, the shape of the socket 231, i.e., the CR plug 220, is a cylinder, a square cylinder, an oval cylinder, a rectangular cylinder, or any other shape.
Referring to fig. 8-1 to 8-3, in the alternative of the present embodiment, the insertion part 231 is cylindrical, the outer circumference of the insertion part 231 is provided with threads, and the base body groove 212 is correspondingly provided with internal threads, so that the PS insert 230 is screwed with the tibial base body 210; the CR plug 220 has the same shape as the socket 231, and thus the outer circumference of the CR plug 220 is also provided with threads.
In an alternative of this embodiment, the base body recess 212 is a second groove bottom connecting hole 2122; the screw, pin or key is connected to the second groove bottom connection hole 2122 along passing through the CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230, i.e., the screw, pin or key is connected to the second groove bottom connection hole 2122 along passing through the CR insert 220, or the screw, pin or key is connected to the second groove bottom connection hole 2122 along passing through the PS insert 230 to fixedly connect the tibial base 210 and the CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230 from the depth direction of the base recess 212.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the CR insert 220 and the PS insert 230 can be coupled to the tibial base body 210 by one or more of mortise and tenon mechanisms, threaded connections, pin connections, and keyed connections, respectively. For example, the CR and PS inserts 220, 230 can be threaded with the tibial base body 210, respectively, as well as the CR and PS inserts 220, 230 can be pinned with the tibial base body 210, as well as the CR and PS inserts 220, 230 can be threaded with the tibial base body 210, respectively, mortise and tenon structures, and so forth. The CR insert 220 and PS insert 230 may also be removably coupled to the tibial base 210 by other means.
Referring to fig. 2-1 to 6-4, in an alternative to this embodiment, the CR insert block 220 and the PS insert block 230 can be connected to the tibial base body 210 by screws, pins, or keys, respectively; alternatively, the CR insert 220 and the PS insert 230 can be screwed to the tibial base body 210, respectively, with a screw connection that is simpler and more secure.
Along the width direction of the base body groove 212, the CR plug 220 and the PS plug 230 can be connected with the base body groove 212 through mortise and tenon structures, respectively. The CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230 is inserted into the base body groove 212 of the tibia base body 210 through a mortise and tenon structure, and the CR insert 220 and the PS insert 230 are connected with the tibia base body 210 through screws, pins or keys, so that on one hand, the connection precision between the CR insert 220 and the PS insert 230 and the tibia base body 210 is improved, and further, the precision of the tibia prosthesis is improved, and on the other hand, the connection mode is easy and convenient to operate and is beneficial to doctors to use. Optionally, the length of the base body recess 212 is parallel to the sagittal plane of the tibial prosthesis.
Referring to fig. 4-1, optionally, tibial base body 210 is fixedly provided with stop block 213; optionally, the stop block 213 is integrally formed with the tibial base body 210. The stop 213 may also be fixedly attached to the tibial base body 210 by adhesive, screw, or the like.
The base body groove 212 is opened at one end in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the other end is connected to the stopper 213. The stopper 213 facilitates the limitation of the CR plug 220 or the PS plug 230 in the length direction of the base body groove 212, which is helpful to improve the precision of the insertion of the CR plug 220 or the PS plug 230. Optionally, the tibial base body 210 includes a front edge and a rear edge, the rear edge including a left rear edge and a right rear edge, a rear edge recess being formed between the left rear edge and the right rear edge; the open end of the base body recess 212 faces the backup recess, and the stop block 213 is near the leading edge.
Screws, pins, or keys can be coupled with the CR plug 220 or the PS plug 230 through the stopper 213 to fix the CR plug 220 or the PS plug 230 in the length direction of the base body groove 212. Optionally, the direction of threading or insertion of the screw, pin or key is parallel to the sagittal plane direction of the tibial prosthesis.
Optionally, a stop tongue or a stop groove (not shown) is provided on a surface of the stop block 213 contacting the base body groove 212.
The corresponding surfaces of the CR plug block 220 and the PS plug block 230 matched with the stop block 213 are respectively provided with a stop mortise and tenon groove or a stop tenon strip matched with the stop mortise and tenon groove. The precision of the cooperation between the CR insert block 220 or the PS insert block 230 and the stop block 213 in the length direction of the base body groove 212 is further improved by mortise and tenon cooperation of the stop tenon strip and the stop mortise and tenon groove, so that the precision of the tibial prosthesis is further improved. Optionally, the stop tongue extends in the width direction of the base body groove 212.
Referring to fig. 7-1 and 7-2, in an alternative of the present embodiment, the groove bottom of the base body groove 212 is provided with a first groove bottom connecting hole 2121;
The screw, pin or key is connected to the first groove bottom connection hole 2121 through the CR insert 220, or the screw, pin or key is connected to the first groove bottom connection hole 2121 through the PS insert 230 to fixedly connect the tibial base body 210 with the CR insert 220 or PS insert 230 from the depth direction of the base body recess 212.
Alternatively, the screw, pin or key passes through the post of the PS insert 230, i.e., the screw, pin or key passes through the post portion 232 of the PS insert 230; to improve the connection of the PS insert 230 to the tibial base body 210.
Alternatively, the CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230 may be coupled to the base body recess 212 by a dovetail, rectangular, semi-circular, or other shaped mortise and tenon configuration. Optionally, the base body recess 212 may be dovetail-shaped in cross-section along its width to facilitate the manufacturing process of the tibial base body 210.
Alternatively, the CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230 may be pinned to the tibial base body 210 by rectangular, circular, conical, or the like.
Alternatively, the CR insert 220 or PS insert 230 may be keyed to the tibial base 210 by flat keys, splines, etc.
In this embodiment, the CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230 is connected with the base body groove 212 by a mortise and tenon structure to constrain the CR insert 220 or the PS insert 230 from the width direction of the base body groove 212; the CR insert 220 or PS insert 230 may be coupled to the first slot bottom coupling hole 2121 by screws, pins, or keys through the CR insert 220/PS insert 230 to secure the CR insert 220 or PS insert 230 to the tibial base 210 from the depth direction of the base body recess 212; the CR insert 220/PS insert 230 may also be coupled to the CR insert 220/PS insert 230 by screws, pins, or keys through the stop block 213 to secure the CR insert 220 or PS insert 230 to the tibial base 210 from the length of the base body recess 212 (see fig. 2-1 through 6-4); screws, pins or keys may also be used to connect through the CR insert block 220/PS insert block 230 and the first slot bottom attachment hole 2121, and screws, pins or keys may be used to connect through the stop block 213 and the CR insert block 220/PS insert block 230 to secure the CR insert block 220 or PS insert block 230 to the tibial base body 210 from the depth and length directions of the base body recess 212 (see fig. 7-1 through 7-6).
Optionally, when a threaded connection is used, the nominal diameter of the screw is not less than M3; alternatively, the nominal diameter of the screw is not less than M3 and not greater than M10.
During the operation, no matter what type of knee prosthesis is finally selected, the CR type tibial prosthesis is used first, and after the selection is determined to be correct, the CR insert 220 can be selected to be inserted into the tibial base body 210, or not inserted into the base body groove 212 can be selected to be exposed. If the surgical plan is finally changed and the PS tibial prosthesis is selected, the PS insert block 230 may be selected for insertion into the tibial base body 210 for the purpose of implanting the PS tibial prosthesis.
Example two
A second embodiment provides an artificial knee joint, the second embodiment includes the tibial prosthesis of the first embodiment, and the technical features of the tibial prosthesis disclosed in the first embodiment are also applicable to the first embodiment, and the technical features of the tibial prosthesis disclosed in the first embodiment are not repeated.
The artificial knee joint provided by the embodiment comprises a tibial prosthesis and a femoral condyle prosthesis. The tibial prosthesis is connected with the femoral condyle prosthesis in a matching way. The tibia prosthesis is of a CR type, and the femur condyle prosthesis is also of a CR type; the tibial prosthesis is PS-type and the femoral condyle prosthesis is also PS-type. The upright post of the PS-type tibia prosthesis is movably connected with the intercondylar box of the PS-type femur condyle prosthesis. Through PS plug and CR plug, realized the conversion between PS type and the CR type of shin bone false body, can help the doctor to make the adjustment of operation method rapidly, made things convenient for doctor's operation, saved operation time to it is more favorable to the patient.
The artificial knee joint of this embodiment has the advantages of the tibial prosthesis of embodiment one, and the advantages of the tibial prosthesis of embodiment one disclosed are not repeated here.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.