CN107595377B - Device for adjusting distance between percutaneous pedicle screws - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a device for adjusting the spacing of percutaneous pedicle screws.
背景技术Background technique
脊柱微创手术流程：打入椎弓根螺钉→插入连接棒至椎弓根螺钉尾帽→对椎弓根螺钉进行间距调整→拧入紧锁螺钉，使连接棒与椎弓根螺钉的锁定，完成椎弓根螺钉之间的间距固定。Spinal minimally invasive surgery process: drive the pedicle screw → insert the connecting rod to the pedicle screw tail cap → adjust the spacing of the pedicle screw → screw in the locking screw to lock the connecting rod and the pedicle screw, Complete the spacer fixation between the pedicle screws.
由于各脊椎间椎弓根位置并不在同一直线、同一平面，且在三维空间内为无规则分布，因此两个已打入脊柱的椎弓根螺钉的尾帽之间的位置不平齐。而目前临床外科手术中使用的传统的撑开器仅能满足一个平面上的角度调节问题，无法满足其他平面上的角度调节。利用传统的撑开器对相邻椎弓根螺钉之间的间距进行调整时，相邻椎弓根螺钉上的施力位置不好统一，对医生手术操作技术要求较高，增加了手术难度。Since the positions of the pedicles between the vertebrae are not in the same straight line and plane, and are distributed irregularly in the three-dimensional space, the positions between the end caps of the two pedicle screws that have been driven into the spine are not flush. However, the traditional spreader currently used in clinical surgery can only meet the angle adjustment problem on one plane, and cannot meet the angle adjustment on other planes. When the distance between adjacent pedicle screws is adjusted by using a traditional spreader, the force application positions on the adjacent pedicle screws are not uniform, which requires high technical requirements for the doctor's operation and increases the difficulty of the operation.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
基于此，有必要提供一种经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，能够可靠稳定的调整两个椎弓根螺钉之间的间距，便于拧紧紧锁螺钉使连接棒和椎弓根螺钉固定，降低对医生手术操作技术要求依赖，降低了手术难度。Based on this, it is necessary to provide a percutaneous pedicle screw spacing adjustment device, which can reliably and stably adjust the spacing between two pedicle screws, and is convenient for tightening the locking screw to fix the connecting rod and the pedicle screw. Reduce the dependence on the technical requirements of the doctor's operation, and reduce the difficulty of the operation.
其技术方案如下：Its technical solutions are as follows:
一种经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，包括：施力钳组件，所述施力钳组件设有两个可相对移动的连接端及用于驱动两个所述连接端合拢或张开的手柄结构；及两个抵压组件，两个所述抵压组件分别与两个所述连接端一一对应，所述抵压组件包括第一抵压件、第一连杆件、第二连杆件及第三连杆件，所述第一抵压件的一端设钳口、另一端与所述第一连杆件的一端连接，所述第一连杆件的另一端与所述第二连杆件的一端转动连接、且设有第一紧锁结构，所述第二连杆件的另一端与所述第三连杆件的一端转动连接、且设有第二紧锁结构，所述第三连杆件的另一端与所述连接端转动连接、且设有第三紧锁结构；当第一紧锁结构松开时，所述第一连杆件可绕第一轴线转动；当所述第一紧锁结构锁紧时，所述第一连杆件与所述第二连杆件固定；当第二紧锁结构松开时，所述第二连杆件可绕第二轴线转动；当所述第二紧锁结构锁紧时，所述第二连杆件与所述第三连杆件固定；当第三紧锁结构松开时，所述第三连杆件可绕第三轴线转动；当所述第三紧锁结构锁紧时，所述第三连杆件与所述连接端固定；其中，所述第一轴线、所述第二轴线及所述第三轴线之间两两相互垂直或近似垂直。A percutaneous pedicle screw spacing adjustment device, comprising: a force-applying forceps assembly, the force-applying forceps assembly is provided with two relatively movable connecting ends and is used to drive the two connecting ends to close or open The handle structure; and two pressing components, the two pressing components are in one-to-one correspondence with the two connecting ends, the pressing components include a first pressing member, a first link member, a second A connecting rod and a third connecting rod, one end of the first pressing member is provided with a jaw, the other end is connected with one end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the One end of the second link member is rotatably connected with a first locking structure, and the other end of the second link member is rotatably connected with one end of the third link member and is provided with a second locking structure , the other end of the third link member is rotatably connected to the connecting end, and is provided with a third locking structure; when the first locking structure is released, the first link member can rotate around the first axis Rotate; when the first locking structure is locked, the first link member and the second link member are fixed; when the second locking structure is released, the second link member can be wound around The second axis rotates; when the second locking structure is locked, the second link member and the third link member are fixed; when the third locking structure is released, the third link The third link member is rotatable around the third axis; when the third locking structure is locked, the third link member is fixed with the connecting end; wherein, the first axis, the second axis and the The third axes are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to each other.
在脊柱矫形外科手术中，当需要使用椎弓根螺钉及连接棒对侧弯的脊椎进行撑开、挤压时，可先将椎弓根螺钉打入脊柱中，同时将连接棒设置于两个椎弓根螺钉的尾帽上；然后利用经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，分别将两个抵压组件的第一抵压件对应一个椎弓根螺钉，此时第一紧锁结构、第二紧锁结构及第三紧锁结构均松开，通过沿三个维度(第一轴线、第二轴线及第三轴线)调整第一抵压件的钳口，使其与对应的连接棒抵压及椎弓根螺钉抵压，然后分别拧紧第一紧锁结构、第二紧锁结构及第三紧锁结构，使第一连杆件与所述第二连杆件固定、第二连杆件与所述第三连杆件固定、所述第三连杆件与所述连接端固定；最后通过手柄结构驱动连接端张开、进而撑开两个椎弓根螺钉之间的间距，或通过手柄结构驱动连接端合拢、进而合拢两个椎弓根螺钉之间的间距，通过调整椎弓根螺钉的间距来调整脊椎间椎弓的距离，满足手术要求距离，最后通过起子拧紧紧锁螺钉，使两个椎弓根螺钉均与连接棒固定，进而达到固定脊椎间椎弓的距离的效果。上述经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，第一抵压件的钳口位置可根据椎弓根螺钉的位置进行调整，调整好后再固定、驱动手柄进行撑开或合拢，便于施力，使椎弓根螺钉的间距调整稳定可靠，便于拧紧紧锁螺钉使连接棒和椎弓根螺钉固定，降低对医生手术操作技术要求依赖，降低了手术难度。In spinal orthopedic surgery, when it is necessary to use pedicle screws and connecting rods to spread and squeeze the scoliotic spine, the pedicle screws can be driven into the spine first, and the connecting rods can be placed in the two on the tail cap of the pedicle screw; then use the spacing adjustment device of the percutaneous pedicle screw to make the first abutting parts of the two pressing components correspond to one pedicle screw respectively, at this time the first locking structure, Both the second locking structure and the third locking structure are loosened. By adjusting the jaws of the first pressing member along three dimensions (the first axis, the second axis and the third axis), the jaws are aligned with the corresponding connecting rods. Press and press the pedicle screw, and then tighten the first locking structure, the second locking structure and the third locking structure respectively, so that the first link member and the second link member are fixed, and the second link member is fixed. The rod is fixed with the third connecting rod, and the third connecting rod is fixed with the connecting end; finally, the connecting end is driven to open through the handle structure, thereby spreading the distance between the two pedicle screws, Or drive the connection ends to close through the handle structure, and then close the distance between the two pedicle screws, adjust the distance between the vertebral arches by adjusting the distance of the pedicle screws to meet the surgical requirements, and finally tighten the lock with a screwdriver. The two pedicle screws are fixed with the connecting rod, so as to achieve the effect of fixing the distance between the vertebral arches of the spine. In the above-mentioned percutaneous pedicle screw spacing adjustment device, the position of the jaws of the first pressing member can be adjusted according to the position of the pedicle screw, and after the adjustment is made, the handle is fixed and driven to open or close, which is convenient for applying force, The adjustment of the spacing of the pedicle screws is stable and reliable, and it is convenient to tighten the locking screws to fix the connecting rod and the pedicle screws, which reduces the dependence on the technical requirements of the doctor's operation and reduces the difficulty of the operation.
下面进一步对技术方案进行说明：The technical solution is further described below:
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一抵压件呈圆筒状结构、且设有贯穿其两端的第一通孔，所述第一抵压件的侧壁设有两相对设置的限位槽，所述限位槽与连接棒间隙配合、且所述限位槽的内侧壁与椎弓根螺钉的尾帽抵压配合，两条所述限位槽相互配合形成所述钳口。因第一抵压件呈圆筒状结构、且设有便于起子穿插的第一通孔，同时利用在圆筒状的第一抵压件上设置两个限位槽来形成钳口，进而可将椎弓根螺钉套入第一通孔内、然后利用两个限位槽的内侧壁来抵压椎弓根螺钉的尾帽，可以实现撑开及挤压动作，该限位槽还可供连接棒插入，避免因连接棒的干涉作用，导致第一抵压件无法与椎弓根螺钉的尾帽抵压配合。In one embodiment, the first pressing member has a cylindrical structure and is provided with a first through hole passing through both ends thereof, and the side wall of the first pressing member is provided with two oppositely arranged limiters The limiting slot is in clearance fit with the connecting rod, and the inner side wall of the limiting slot is press-fitted with the end cap of the pedicle screw, and the two limiting slots cooperate with each other to form the jaws. Because the first pressing member has a cylindrical structure and is provided with a first through hole that is convenient for the screwdriver to pass through, and at the same time, the jaws are formed by setting two limit grooves on the cylindrical first pressing member, so that the jaws can be formed. Putting the pedicle screw into the first through hole, and then using the inner side walls of the two limit slots to press the end cap of the pedicle screw, the opening and squeezing actions can be realized. The limit slot can also be used for The connecting rod is inserted to prevent the first pressing member from being unable to press-fit with the tail cap of the pedicle screw due to the interference effect of the connecting rod.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一抵压件的外侧壁设有沿所述第一抵压件的轴线方向、且与所述限位槽间隔设置的辅助定位槽，所述辅助定位槽的中心线与所述限位槽的中心线在同一直线上、且所述辅助定位槽的宽度等于所述限位槽的宽度。进而利用辅助定位槽来辅助定位限位槽的位置，便于医生判断夹槽所在位置，更好的实施相关手术操作，同时该辅助定位槽的设置可以减轻第一抵压件的重量，使操作经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置来调整两个椎弓根螺钉之间的间距时，更加平稳，提高手术成功率。In one embodiment, the outer side wall of the first pressing member is provided with an auxiliary positioning groove along the axial direction of the first pressing member and spaced apart from the limiting groove, the auxiliary positioning groove The centerline of the locating slot is on the same line as the centerline of the limiting slot, and the width of the auxiliary positioning slot is equal to the width of the limiting slot. Further, the auxiliary positioning groove is used to assist the position of the positioning limit groove, which is convenient for the doctor to determine the position of the clamping groove and better implement the relevant surgical operations. When the distance adjustment device of the skin pedicle screw is used to adjust the distance between the two pedicle screws, it is more stable and the success rate of the operation is improved.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一抵压件的另一端与所述第一连杆件可拆卸转动连接，所述第一连杆件设有与所述第一通孔相对应的第二通孔。进而可根据实际需要更换第一抵压件以适应不同手术需求。In one embodiment, the other end of the first pressing member is detachably and rotatably connected to the first link member, and the first link member is provided with a first connecting rod corresponding to the first through hole. Two through holes. Further, the first pressing member can be replaced according to actual needs to meet different surgical needs.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一连杆件的另一端设有第一安装孔及至少两个沿所述第一安装孔的外周向间隔设置的第一连接孔，所述第二连杆件的一端设有与所述第一连接杆的另一端转动配合的第一夹槽、固设于所述第一夹槽内壁的第一转轴、以及第一紧固件，所述第一转轴与所述第一安装孔转动配合、使所述第一连杆件可绕所述第一转轴的轴线转动，所述第一紧固件的一端穿过所述第一夹槽的侧壁、且与所述第一连接孔紧固配合形成所述第一紧锁结构。进而实现了第一连杆件与第二连杆件之间的转动连接，实现第一连杆件沿第一转轴的轴线(即第一轴线)转动、且与第二连杆件之间的角度调整；同时利用第一紧固件与第一连接孔的配合形成第一紧锁结构，来实现第一连杆件与第二连杆件之间的固定。In one embodiment, the other end of the first link member is provided with a first installation hole and at least two first connection holes spaced apart along the outer circumference of the first installation hole, the second connection hole One end of the rod is provided with a first clamping groove that is rotatably matched with the other end of the first connecting rod, a first rotating shaft fixed on the inner wall of the first clamping groove, and a first fastener. The rotating shaft is rotatably matched with the first installation hole, so that the first link member can rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft, and one end of the first fastener passes through the side wall of the first clamping groove , and the first locking structure is formed by being fastened and matched with the first connecting hole. Further, the rotational connection between the first link member and the second link member is realized, so that the first link member rotates along the axis of the first rotating shaft (ie, the first axis), and the connection between the first link member and the second link member is realized. Angle adjustment; meanwhile, a first locking structure is formed by the cooperation of the first fastener and the first connecting hole, so as to realize the fixation between the first link member and the second link member.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二连杆件的另一端设有第二夹槽、以及贯穿所述第二夹槽的侧壁设置的第二连接孔，所述第三连杆件的一端设有与所述第二夹槽转动配合的连接体及设置连接体上的第二紧固件，所述第二紧固件与所述第二连接孔相配合形成所述第二紧锁结构，且所述第二连杆件可绕第二紧固件的轴线转动。进而实现了第二连杆件与第三连杆件之间的转动连接，实现第二连杆件沿第二紧固件的轴线(即第二轴线)转动、且与第三连杆件之间的角度调整；同时利用第二紧固件与第二连接孔的配合形成第二紧锁结构，来实现第二连杆件与第三连杆件之间的固定。In one of the embodiments, the other end of the second link member is provided with a second clamping groove and a second connecting hole provided through the side wall of the second clamping groove, and the third link member is provided with a second connecting hole. One end is provided with a connecting body rotatably matched with the second clamping groove and a second fastener on the connecting body, and the second fastener cooperates with the second connecting hole to form the second locking structure, and the second link member can rotate around the axis of the second fastener. Further, the rotational connection between the second link member and the third link member is realized, so that the second link member rotates along the axis of the second fastener (ie, the second axis), and the connection between the second link member and the third link member is realized. At the same time, a second locking structure is formed by the cooperation of the second fastener and the second connecting hole, so as to realize the fixation between the second link member and the third link member.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第三连杆件的另一端设有转动体，所述第三连杆件可绕所述转动体的轴线转动，所述连接端设有与所述转动体套接转动配合的第三连接孔、及与所述第三连接孔的内壁形成所述第三紧锁结构的第三紧固件。进而实现了第三连杆件与连接端之间的转动连接，实现第三连杆件沿转动体的轴线(即第三轴线)转动、且与连接端之间的角度调整；同时利用第三紧固件与第三连接孔的配合形成第三紧锁结构，来实现第三连杆件与连接端之间的固定。In one embodiment, the other end of the third link member is provided with a rotating body, the third link member can rotate around the axis of the rotating body, and the connecting end is provided with the rotating body The third connection hole that is sleeved and rotated, and the third fastener that forms the third locking structure with the inner wall of the third connection hole. Further, the rotational connection between the third link member and the connecting end is realized, and the rotation of the third link member along the axis of the rotating body (ie, the third axis) and the angle adjustment between the third link member and the connecting end are realized; The cooperation between the fastener and the third connection hole forms a third locking structure to realize the fixation between the third link member and the connection end.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一紧锁结构、所述第二紧锁结构或/和所述第三紧锁结构包括可复位的分度销，及与所述分度销的紧固端卡固配合的销孔。进而可利用分度销的紧固端与销孔的可复位卡固配合来实现第一紧锁结构、所述第二紧锁结构和所述第三紧锁结构的松开或锁紧，操作方便，易于实施，有助于提高手术效率。In one of the embodiments, the first locking structure, the second locking structure or/and the third locking structure include a resettable indexing pin, and a fastening with the indexing pin Pin holes for end snap fit. Further, it is possible to use the repositionable snap-fit of the fastening end of the indexing pin and the pin hole to realize the loosening or locking of the first locking structure, the second locking structure and the third locking structure. It is convenient and easy to implement, which helps to improve the efficiency of surgery.
在其中一个实施例中，所述手柄结构包括两个相对设置第一手柄及第二手柄、以及设置于所述第一手柄及第二手柄之间弹性件，所述第一手柄与所述第二手柄转动连接、且可带动两个所述连接端合拢或张开。进而第一手柄与第二手柄之间的间距可弹性自动复位，同时可根据需要设置第一手柄与第二手柄的结构，如第一手柄与第二手柄相向运动时，两个连接端之间逐渐合拢；第一手柄与第二手柄相反方向运动时，两个连接端之间逐渐张开。或第一手柄与第二手柄相向运动时，两个连接端之间逐渐张开；第一手柄与第二手柄相反方向运动时，两个连接端之间逐渐合拢。In one embodiment, the handle structure includes two oppositely disposed first and second handles, and an elastic member disposed between the first and second handles, the first handle and the second handle The two handles are rotatably connected, and can drive the two connecting ends to close or open. Furthermore, the distance between the first handle and the second handle can be elastically reset automatically, and the structure of the first handle and the second handle can be set as required. Gradually close; when the first handle and the second handle move in opposite directions, the two connecting ends gradually open. Or when the first handle and the second handle move toward each other, the two connecting ends gradually open; when the first handle and the second handle move in opposite directions, the two connecting ends gradually close.
在其中一个实施例中，所述手柄结构还包括自锁组件，所述自锁组件包括可转动设置于第一手柄的齿条及设置于所述第二手柄上、且与所述齿条的卡齿卡扣配合的卡槽。进而利用自锁组件可实现第一手柄与第二手柄之间收缩或合拢时均可进行自锁，使撑开操作及挤压操作均可自锁，提高手术操作的便利性。In one embodiment, the handle structure further includes a self-locking component, and the self-locking component includes a rack that is rotatably disposed on the first handle and a rack that is rotatably disposed on the second handle and is connected to the rack. The card slot that the card teeth snap together with. Furthermore, the self-locking component can realize self-locking when the first handle and the second handle are contracted or closed, so that both the opening operation and the squeezing operation can be self-locked, and the convenience of the operation is improved.
在其中一个实施例中，所述手柄结构还包括自锁组件，所述自锁组件包括可伸缩设置于所述第一手柄上的限位卡头及设置于第二手柄上自锁件，所述自锁件设有沿其长度方向间隔设置的多个卡孔，所述卡孔与所述限位卡头配合。进而利用自锁组件可实现第一手柄与第二手柄之间收缩或合拢时均可进行自锁，使撑开操作及挤压操作均可自锁，提高手术操作的便利性。In one embodiment, the handle structure further includes a self-locking component, and the self-locking component includes a limit clip that is telescopically arranged on the first handle and a self-locking member arranged on the second handle, so The self-locking element is provided with a plurality of clamping holes spaced along the length direction thereof, and the clamping holes are matched with the limit clamping head. Furthermore, the self-locking component can realize self-locking when the first handle and the second handle are contracted or closed, so that both the opening operation and the squeezing operation can be self-locked, and the convenience of the operation is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述的经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置的结构爆炸示意图；1 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the spacing adjustment device of the percutaneous pedicle screw according to the present invention;
图2为本发明所述的第一抵压件的结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pressing member according to the present invention;
图3为本发明所述的第一连杆件的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting rod according to the present invention;
图4为本发明所述的第二连杆件的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of the second connecting rod according to the present invention;
图5为本发明所述的第三连杆件的结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural diagram of the third connecting rod according to the present invention;
图6为本发明所述的施力钳组件的结构示意图；6 is a schematic structural diagram of the force-applying forceps assembly according to the present invention;
图7为本发明所述的经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置的实施例一的结构示意图图；7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the percutaneous pedicle screw spacing adjustment device according to the present invention;
图8为本发明所述的经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置的实施例二的结构示意图图。8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the percutaneous pedicle screw spacing adjustment device according to the present invention.
附图标记说明：Description of reference numbers:
100、施力钳组件，110、连接端，112、第三连接孔，114、第三紧固件，120、手柄结构，122、第一手柄、124、第二手柄，126、弹性件，128、自锁结构，200、抵压组件，210、第一抵压件，212、第一通孔，214、限位槽，216、辅助定位槽，218、减重槽，220、第一连杆件，221、第二通孔，223、第一安装孔，225、第一连接孔，230、第二连杆件，231、第一夹槽，232、第一转轴，233、第一紧固件，234、第二夹槽，235、第二连接孔，240、第三连杆件，242、连接体，244、第二紧固件，246、转动体，250、第一紧锁结构，260、第二紧锁结构，270、第三紧锁结构，300、椎弓根螺钉，310、尾帽，400、连接棒，500、脊椎间椎弓根。100. Force-applying forceps assembly, 110, connecting end, 112, third connecting hole, 114, third fastener, 120, handle structure, 122, first handle, 124, second handle, 126, elastic member, 128 , Self-locking structure, 200, pressing component, 210, first pressing piece, 212, first through hole, 214, limit slot, 216, auxiliary positioning slot, 218, weight reduction slot, 220, first connecting rod Parts, 221, Second through hole, 223, First mounting hole, 225, First connecting hole, 230, Second connecting rod, 231, First clamping groove, 232, First shaft, 233, First fastening part, 234, second clamping groove, 235, second connecting hole, 240, third link piece, 242, connecting body, 244, second fastener, 246, rotating body, 250, first locking structure, 260, second locking structure, 270, third locking structure, 300, pedicle screw, 310, tail cap, 400, connecting rod, 500, intervertebral pedicle.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明的保护范围。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
本发明中所述“第一”、“第二”不代表具体的数量及顺序，仅仅是用于名称的区分。The "first" and "second" mentioned in the present invention do not represent a specific quantity and order, but are only used for the distinction of names.
如图1至图7所示，本发明所述的一种经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，包括：施力钳组件100，施力钳组件100设有两个可相对移动的连接端110及用于驱动两个连接端110合拢或张开的手柄结构120；及两个抵压组件200，两个抵压组件200分别与两个连接端110一一对应，抵压组件200包括第一抵压件210、第一连杆件220、第二连杆件230及第三连杆件240，第一抵压件210的一端设钳口、另一端与第一连杆件220的一端固定连接，第一连杆件220的另一端与第二连杆件230的一端转动连接、且设有第一紧锁结构250，第二连杆件230的另一端与第三连杆件240的一端转动连接、且设有第二紧锁结构260，第三连杆件240的另一端与连接端110转动连接、且设有第三紧锁结构270；当第一紧锁结构250松开时，第一连杆件220可绕第一轴线转动；当第一紧锁结构250锁紧时，第一连杆件220与第二连杆件230固定；当第二紧锁结构260松开时，第二连杆件230可绕第二轴线转动；当第二紧锁结构260锁紧时，第二连杆件230与第三连杆件240固定；当第三紧锁结构270松开时，第三连杆件240可绕第三轴线转动；当第三紧锁结构270锁紧时，第三连杆件240与连接端110固定；其中，第一轴线、第二轴线及第三轴线之间两两相互垂直或近似垂直。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 , a percutaneous pedicle screw spacing adjustment device according to the present invention includes: a force-applying
如图1至图8所示，在脊柱矫形外科手术中，当需要使用椎弓根螺钉300及连接棒400对侧弯的脊椎进行撑开、挤压时，可先将椎弓根螺钉300打入脊柱中，同时将连接棒400设置于两个椎弓根螺钉300的尾帽310上；然后利用经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，分别将两个抵压组件200的第一抵压件210对应一个椎弓根螺钉300，此时第一紧锁结构250、第二紧锁结构260及第三紧锁结构270均松开，通过沿三个维度(第一轴线、第二轴线及第三轴线)调整第一抵压件210的钳口，使其与对应的连接棒400抵压及椎弓根螺钉300抵压，然后分别拧紧第一紧锁结构250、第二紧锁结构260及第三紧锁结构270，使第一连杆件220与第二连杆件230固定、第二连杆件230与第三连杆件240固定、第三连杆件240与连接端110固定；最后通过手柄结构120驱动连接端110张开、进而撑开两个椎弓根螺钉300之间的间距，或通过手柄结构120驱动连接端110合拢、进而合拢两个椎弓根螺钉300之间的间距，通过调整椎弓根螺钉300的间距来调整脊椎间椎弓的距离，满足手术要求距离，最后通过起子拧紧紧锁螺钉，使两个椎弓根螺钉300均与连接棒400固定，进而达到固定脊椎间椎弓的距离的效果。上述经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置，第一抵压件210的钳口位置可根据椎弓根螺钉300的位置进行调整，调整好后再固定、驱动手柄进行撑开或合拢，便于施力，使椎弓根螺钉300的间距调整稳定可靠，便于拧紧紧锁螺钉使连接棒400和椎弓根螺钉300固定，降低对医生手术操作技术要求依赖，降低了手术难度。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 , in the orthopedic operation of the spine, when the pedicle screw 300 and the connecting rod 400 need to be used to stretch and squeeze the scoliosis spine, the pedicle screw 300 can be punched first. into the spinal column, and at the same time, the connecting rod 400 is arranged on the end caps 310 of the two pedicle screws 300; then the spacing adjustment device of the percutaneous pedicle screws is used to press the first parts of the two
需要说明的是，所述第一轴线、所述第二轴线及所述第三轴线之间两两相互垂直或近似垂直，二者之间并非一定绝对的垂直，允许有一定的误差(制造误差、装配误差等)，只要此误差不影响其解决技术问题均属于本申请所要求的保护范围。第一抵压件210的另一端与第一连杆件220的一端连接的方式可以为：固定连接，如不可拆卸连接的方式，如焊接固定、铆接固定、一体成型固定等，如可拆卸连接的方式，如螺纹连接固定、卡扣固定、套接固定等；或者转动连接，如通过设置轴承来实现第一抵压件210的另一端与第一连杆件220的一端的转动连接，或其他转动连接方式，其的具体方式还可以通过其他现有技术实现，在此不再赘述。当一个元件被认为是与另一个元件“转动连接”时，它可以是通过绕转轴的轴线、转动体246的轴线或连接件的轴线等杆件的轴线或中心线进行转动，其实施方式有多种。It should be noted that the first axis, the second axis and the third axis are perpendicular to each other or approximately perpendicular to each other, and the two are not necessarily absolutely perpendicular, and certain errors are allowed (manufacturing errors). , assembly error, etc.), as long as the error does not affect the technical problem it solves, it belongs to the protection scope required by this application. The other end of the first pressing
如图1至图6所示，另外，第一紧锁结构250、第二紧锁结构260或/和第三紧锁结构270的实现方式有多种，如通过紧固件与连接孔的松紧配合来实现第一连杆件220、第二连杆件230或第三连杆件240转动及不可转动，如螺栓与螺纹孔、限位销与销孔；或通过卡扣配合的方式来实现第一连杆件220、第二连杆件230或第三连杆件240转动及不可转动，如离合器等。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 , in addition, the
如图1至图7所示，具体的，第一连杆件220的另一端设有第一安装孔223及至少两个沿第一安装孔223的外周向间隔设置的第一连接孔225，第二连杆件230的一端设有与第一连接杆的另一端转动配合的第一夹槽231、固设于第一夹槽231内壁的第一转轴232、以及第一紧固件233，第一转轴232与第一安装孔223转动配合、使第一连杆件220可绕第一转轴232的轴线转动，第一紧固件233的一端穿过第一夹槽231的侧壁、且与第一连接孔225紧固配合形成第一紧锁结构250。进而实现了第一连杆件220与第二连杆件230之间的转动连接，实现第一连杆件220沿第一转轴232的轴线(即第一轴线)转动、且与第二连杆件230之间的角度调整；同时利用第一紧固件233与第一连接孔225的配合形成第一紧锁结构250，来实现第一连杆件220与第二连杆件230之间的固定。进一步的，第二连杆件230的另一端设有第二夹槽234、以及贯穿第二夹槽234的侧壁设置的第二连接孔235，第三连杆件240的一端设有与第二夹槽234转动配合的连接体242及设置连接体242上的第二紧固件244，第二紧固件244与第二连接孔235相配合形成第二紧锁结构260，且第二连杆件230可绕第二紧固件244的轴线转动；进而实现了第二连杆件230与第三连杆件240之间的转动连接，实现第二连杆件230沿第二紧固件244的轴线(即第二轴线)转动、且与第三连杆件240之间的角度调整；同时利用第二紧固件244与第二连接孔235的配合形成第二紧锁结构260，来实现第二连杆件230与第三连杆件240之间的固定。再进一步的，第三连杆件240的另一端设有转动体246，第三连杆件240可绕转动体246的轴线转动，连接端110设有与转动体246套接转动配合的第三连接孔112、及与第三连接孔112的内壁形成第三紧锁结构270的第三紧固件114；进而实现了第三连杆件240与连接端110之间的转动连接，实现第三连杆件240沿转动体246的轴线(即第三轴线)转动、且与连接端110之间的角度调整；同时利用第三紧固件114与第三连接孔112的配合形成第三紧锁结构270，来实现第三连杆件240与连接端110之间的固定。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 , specifically, the other end of the
或在另一个实施例中，第一紧锁结构250、第二紧锁结构260或/和第三紧锁结构270包括可复位的分度销(未示出)，及与分度销的紧固端卡固配合的销孔(未示出)。进而可利用分度销的紧固端与销孔的可复位卡固配合来实现第一紧锁结构250、第二紧锁结构260和第三紧锁结构270的松开或锁紧，操作方便，易于实施，有助于提高手术效率。Or in another embodiment, the
如图1至图3及图7所示，在上述任一实施例的基础上，第一抵压件210呈圆筒状结构、且设有贯穿其两端的第一通孔212，第一抵压件210的侧壁设有两相对设置的限位槽214，限位槽214与连接棒400间隙配合、且限位槽214的内侧壁与椎弓根螺钉300的尾帽310抵压配合，两条限位槽214相互配合形成钳口。因第一抵压件210呈圆筒状结构、且设有便于起子穿插的第一通孔212，同时利用在圆筒状的第一抵压件210上设置两个限位槽214来形成钳口，进而可将椎弓根螺钉300套入第一通孔212内、然后利用两个限位槽214的内侧壁来抵压椎弓根螺钉300的尾帽310，可以实现撑开及挤压动作，该限位槽214还可供连接棒400插入，避免因连接棒400的干涉作用，导致第一抵压件210无法与椎弓根螺钉300的尾帽310抵压配合。进一步的，第一抵压件210的外侧壁设有沿第一抵压件210的轴线方向、且与限位槽214间隔设置的辅助定位槽216，辅助定位槽216的中心线与限位槽214的中心线在同一直线上、且辅助定位槽216的宽度等于限位槽214的宽度。进而利用辅助定位槽216来辅助定位限位槽214的位置，便于医生判断夹槽所在位置，更好的实施相关手术操作，同时该辅助定位槽216的设置可以减轻第一抵压件210的重量；同时还可以进一步设置减重槽218、沿第一抵压件210的周向设置，使操作经皮椎弓根螺钉的间距调整装置来调整两个椎弓根螺钉300之间的间距时，更加平稳，提高手术成功率。再进一步的，第一抵压件210的另一端与第一连杆件220可拆卸转动连接，第一连杆件220设有与第一通孔212相对应的第二通孔221。进而可根据实际需要更换第一抵压件210以适应不同手术需求。具体的，第一抵压件210的另一端设有外螺纹结构，第一连杆件220设有轴承，该轴承的外圈与第二通孔的内壁固定、该轴承的内圈的内壁设有与外螺纹结构相配合的内螺纹结构，进而可实现第一抵压件210的另一端与第一连杆件220的一端可拆卸转动连接。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 , on the basis of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the first pressing
如图1、图7及图8所示，在上述任一实施例的基础上，手柄结构120包括两个相对设置第一手柄122及第二手柄124、以及设置于第一手柄122及第二手柄124之间弹性件126，第一手柄122与第二手柄124转动连接、且可带动两个连接端110合拢或张开。进而第一手柄122与第二手柄124之间的间距可弹性自动复位，同时可根据需要设置第一手柄122与第二手柄124的结构，如第一手柄122与第二手柄124相向运动时，两个连接端110之间逐渐合拢；第一手柄122与第二手柄124相反方向运动时，两个连接端110之间逐渐张开。或第一手柄122与第二手柄124相向运动时，两个连接端110之间逐渐张开；第一手柄122与第二手柄124相反方向运动时，两个连接端110之间逐渐合拢。该弹性件126可为弹性片、复位弹簧等。As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , on the basis of any of the above embodiments, the
进一步的，手柄结构120还包括自锁组件。在其中一个实施例中，自锁组件包括可转动设置于第一手柄122的棘轮齿轮(未示出)及与棘轮齿轮相配合的卡齿(未示出)，卡齿设置于第二手柄124上，进而实现手柄结构120的单向自锁功能。在另一实施例中，自锁组件包括可转动设置于第一手柄122的齿条(未示出)及设置于第二手柄124上、且与齿条的卡齿卡扣配合的卡槽(未示出)；或自锁组件包括可伸缩设置于第一手柄122上的限位卡头及设置于第二手柄124上自锁件(未示出)，自锁件设有沿其长度方向间隔设置的多个卡孔(未示出)，卡孔与限位卡头配合。进而利用自锁组件可实现第一手柄122与第二手柄124之间收缩或合拢时均可进行自锁，实现手柄结构120的双向自锁功能，即使撑开操作及挤压操作均可自锁，提高手术操作的便利性。Further, the
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of these technical features, All should be regarded as the scope described in this specification.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
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| CN108814680B (en)* | 2018-04-10 | 2019-06-25 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第二附属医院 | Purse-string forceps for single-hole laparoscopic surgery |
| CN110101419A (en)* | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-09 | 昆明医科大学第二附属医院 | A kind of device for spreading being adapted to pedicle screw |
| CN110974390B (en)* | 2019-12-11 | 2020-11-17 | 常州市图尔迈医疗器械有限公司 | Mounting rack for accurately positioning intramedullary nail |
| CN117770931A (en)* | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-29 | 山东威高骨科材料股份有限公司 | Split type spine pedicle screw opening device and application method thereof |
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