CN107569245B - System and method for measuring alertness based on finger vibration tactile stimulation - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及注意力测量领域，尤其涉及一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统及方法。The invention relates to the field of attention measurement, in particular to a system and method for measuring vigilance and attention based on finger vibration and tactile stimulation.
背景技术Background technique
注意是心理活动对一定对象的指向和集中，是心理学的重要主题。随着人们的深入研究以及科技的进步，美国学者M.Posner等人发现人的注意系统分为警觉、定向和执行控制三个子成分。其中，警觉是指保持或达到某种状态，在该状态下对即将到来的信息的敏感度增加。测量注意网络的警觉效应，可以评估人的注意力，从而可以评测出由脑损伤、中风、注意力缺陷障碍等引起的注意力失常。另外，测量注意网络的警觉效应，对注意网络工作机制的研究以及注意系统疾病机理的理解也有着重要意义。特别地，对注意力要求非常高的特种职业，我们可以将人的警觉注意力作为一种筛选标准来进行选拔。Attention is the orientation and concentration of mental activities to a certain object, and it is an important theme of psychology. With the in-depth research of people and the advancement of science and technology, American scholar M. Posner and others found that the human attention system is divided into three sub-components: vigilance, orientation and executive control. Among them, alertness refers to maintaining or reaching a state in which sensitivity to incoming information increases. Measuring the alertness effect of the attentional network allows the assessment of human attention and thus the evaluation of attentional disturbances caused by brain damage, stroke, attention deficit disorder, etc. In addition, measuring the vigilance effect of the attentional network is also of great significance to the study of the working mechanism of the attentional network and the understanding of the disease mechanism of the attentional system. In particular, for special occupations that require very high attention, we can select people's alertness and attention as a screening criterion.
现行的注意力测量系统和方法，很少涉及到注意网络层面，虽有一些涉及注意网络测验，但这些系统集中借助视觉刺激来测量注意网络的三种效应，尚未使用触觉刺激来测量人的警觉注意力。如中国专利CN104905802A和CN104254281A公开的方案均提供了一种测量注意力的方法和装置，但并未涉及到注意网络层面，也并不是以触觉形式来测量的。Fan,McCandliss,Sommer,Raz和Posner(2002)提出了一种以视觉刺激来测量注意网络效率的系统(Testing the Efficiency and Independence of Attentional Networks)，但该系统是以视觉形式的线索刺激和目标刺激来测量注意网络效应，也并没有借助触觉刺激来测量。The current attention measurement systems and methods rarely involve the attention network level. Although some involve attention network tests, these systems focus on using visual stimuli to measure the three effects of the attention network, and have not yet used tactile stimuli to measure human alertness. attention. For example, the solutions disclosed in Chinese patents CN104905802A and CN104254281A both provide a method and device for measuring attention, but they do not involve the network level of attention, and are not measured in the form of touch. Fan, McCandliss, Sommer, Raz, and Posner (2002) proposed a system (Testing the Efficiency and Independence of Attentional Networks) with visual stimuli, but the system was based on visual cues and target stimuli to measure attentional network effects, but also without the aid of tactile stimuli.
因此，现有的注意网络测量系统和方法集中在以视觉刺激来测量注意网络效应，触觉通道尚未被用于其中。但如果人的视觉通道不可用的时候，现有的注意网络测量系统和方法将无法测量人的警觉注意力，目前的注意力测量系统和方法并不能有效测量盲人或者视力受损人等特殊群体的警觉注意力。Therefore, existing attentional network measurement systems and methods focus on measuring attentional network effects with visual stimuli, in which tactile channels have not been used. However, if the human visual channel is unavailable, the existing attention network measurement systems and methods will not be able to measure people's alert attention, and the current attention measurement systems and methods cannot effectively measure special groups such as blind or visually impaired people. alert attention.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
基于现有技术所存在的问题，本发明的目的是提供一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统及方法，能精确测量注意网络的警觉效应，解决测量盲人或者视力受损人等特殊群体的警觉注意力的问题。Based on the existing problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibratory and tactile stimulation-based alertness and attention measurement system and method, which can accurately measure the alertness effect of the attentional network, and solve the problem of measuring the special effects of blind or visually impaired people. The problem of group vigilance and attention.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:
本发明实施方式一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统，包括：主控制模块、从控制模块、振动触觉模块和抗干扰模块；其中，An embodiment of the present invention is an alertness and attention measurement system based on finger vibration tactile stimulation, including: a master control module, a slave control module, a vibration tactile module and an anti-interference module; wherein,
所述主控制模块，与所述从控制模块连接，能控制所述从控制模块驱动所述振动触觉模块刺激用户，并接收用户反馈来测量用户的反应时间以及根据用户的反应时间计算得出用户的警觉注意力；The master control module, connected with the slave control module, can control the slave control module to drive the vibration haptic module to stimulate the user, and receive user feedback to measure the user's reaction time and calculate the user according to the user's reaction time. alert attention;
所述从控制模块，与所述振动触觉模块连接，能驱动所述振动触觉模块产生不同强度的振动触觉刺激；The slave control module is connected to the vibrotactile module, and can drive the vibrotactile module to generate vibrotactile stimulation of different intensities;
所述振动触觉模块，设置于被测者的手指，能产生不同强度的振动触觉刺激以对用户的手指进行刺激；The vibrotactile module is arranged on the finger of the subject, and can generate vibratory tactile stimulation of different intensities to stimulate the user's finger;
所述抗干扰模块，用于在测量过程中，佩戴于用户以隔绝外界环境对被测者的声音干扰和视觉干扰。The anti-interference module is used to be worn on the user during the measurement process to isolate the sound interference and visual interference of the external environment to the measured person.
另一方面，本发明实施方式还提供了一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量方法，采用本发明所述的测量系统，包括以下步骤：On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for measuring alertness and attention based on finger vibration tactile stimulation, using the measurement system of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
步骤1，从无线索刺激和中央线索刺激伪随机选择一种进行刺激，且测量完成后，保持无线索刺激与中央线索刺激出现的次数相同，在无线索刺激或中央线索刺激下，根据触觉目标刺激的出现时刻为起点而测量出用户的反应时间；具体为：Step 1: Select one of the no-cord stimulation and the central-cue stimulation pseudo-randomly for stimulation, and after the measurement is completed, keep the no-cord stimulation and the central-cue stimulation appear the same number of times. The user's reaction time is measured from the moment when the stimulus appears as the starting point; specifically:
将所述测量系统的振动触觉模块分布设置在用户左手的食指、中指和无名指上，先给定一个400～1600毫秒的随机时间，以使用户等待无线索刺激或中央线索刺激的到来；Distributing the vibrotactile modules of the measurement system on the index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the user's left hand, and first giving a random time of 400-1600 milliseconds, so that the user can wait for the arrival of no-cord stimulation or central cue stimulation;
随后给予用户无线索刺激或中央线索刺激，持续100毫秒，若为无线索刺激，则用户食指、中指、无名指上的振动触觉模块均不振动，若为中央线索刺激，则中指上的振动触觉模块振动；Then give the user no-cord stimulation or central cue stimulation for 100 milliseconds. If no cord stimulation, the vibrotactile modules on the user's index finger, middle finger, and ring finger will not vibrate. If it is central cue stimulation, the vibrotactile module on the middle finger will not vibrate. vibration;
接着给予400毫秒的等待时间，以使用户等待触觉目标刺激到来；Then give a waiting time of 400 milliseconds to make the user wait for the haptic target stimulus to arrive;
待触觉目标刺激出现，记录触觉目标刺激刚出现时刻用户感受到触觉目标刺激后即做出的反馈，若用户确认触觉目标刺激为强振动，则按下键盘上的某个键并记录为反馈正确，若所按的键与预先设定不同则记录为反馈错误，若用户确认触觉目标刺激为弱振动，则按下键盘上的另外一个键并记录为反馈正确，若所按的键与预先设定不同则记录为反馈错误，记录用户做出反馈的时刻，将用户做出反馈的时刻与触觉目标刺激的出现时刻相减，即得到用户的反应时间；When the tactile target stimulus appears, record the feedback that the user makes after feeling the tactile target stimulus when the tactile target stimulus appears. If the user confirms that the tactile target stimulus is a strong vibration, press a key on the keyboard and record it as correct feedback. , if the pressed key is different from the preset, it will be recorded as a feedback error. If the user confirms that the tactile target stimulus is weak vibration, press another key on the keyboard and record it as correct feedback. If it is different, it will be recorded as a feedback error, record the moment when the user gives feedback, and subtract the moment when the user gives feedback and the moment when the tactile target stimulus appears, that is, the user's reaction time;
步骤2，通过多次重复上述测量步骤1获得的反应时间计算出人的警觉注意力；具体为：Step 2: Calculate the person's alert attention by repeating the reaction time obtained in the above-mentioned
将步骤1所获得的反应时间分成两类：在无线索刺激下的反应时间与在中央线索刺激下的反应时间；若无线索刺激的测量任务中有m个任务被正确反馈，含有中央线索刺激的测量任务有n个任务被正确反馈；则在无线索刺激的情况下，通过用户的平均反应时间为：The reaction time obtained in
在含有中央线索刺激的情况下，用户的平均反应时间为：In the presence of central cued stimuli, the user's average reaction time was:
则基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力为：Then the alert attention based on finger vibration tactile stimulation is:
R.TAlerting＝R.TNoCue-R.TCenterCue。RTAlerting = RTNoCue - RTCenterCue .
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统，其有益效果为：It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the present invention that the alertness and attention measurement system based on finger vibration tactile stimulation provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
通过设置主控制模块、从控制模块、振动触觉模块和抗干扰模块，由主控制模块、从控制模块和振动触觉模块有机连接配合，利用振动触觉形式的线索以及目标刺激用户手指，让用户做出相应的应答，并通过自身的算法实现不断重复测量任务以及对用户的反应时间的精确测量，同时在测量期间，保证用户对警觉注意网络测量任务的投入，从而测量出基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力。该系统通过测量目标触觉刺激出现到用户做出反馈这一段时间，确认用户的反应时间，从而表明用户的警觉注意力，提供了一种新型测量人的警觉注意力的手段，解决了盲人等特殊群体难以测量警觉注意的技术难题。本发明实施例以简单的操作流程和数据采集处理，方便快捷的测出用户的警觉注意力，提高了测量警觉注意力的效率。By setting the master control module, the slave control module, the vibrotactile module and the anti-interference module, the master control module, the slave control module and the vibrotactile module are organically connected and cooperated, and the cues and targets in the form of vibrotactile are used to stimulate the user's fingers, allowing the user to make According to the corresponding response, and through its own algorithm, it can continuously repeat the measurement task and accurately measure the user's reaction time. At the same time, during the measurement period, it ensures the user's input in the vigilance-attention network measurement task, so as to measure the measurement based on finger vibration and tactile stimulation. Alert attention. The system confirms the user's reaction time by measuring the time between the appearance of the target tactile stimulus and the user's feedback, thereby indicating the user's alertness and attention, providing a new method of measuring human alertness and attention, which solves the problem of blindness and other special issues. The technical difficulty of measuring vigilant attention in groups. The embodiment of the present invention conveniently and quickly measures the alert attention of the user with a simple operation flow and data collection and processing, and improves the efficiency of measuring the alert attention.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明实施例提供的基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring alertness and attention based on finger vibration tactile stimulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的警觉注意力测量系统的振动触觉模块的组成结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a vibrotactile module of an alertness and attention measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的警觉注意力测量系统的振动触觉刺激组成示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of vibrotactile stimulation of the alertness and attention measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的警觉注意力测量系统的测量任务过程图；4 is a measurement task process diagram of the alertness and attention measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的测量流程图。FIG. 5 is a measurement flowchart provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合本发明的具体内容，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific content of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
正常人都具备力触觉感知这一能力。面对盲人、或者视力不好的老年人等群体时就不会出现测量结果与实际不相符甚至无法测量的问题，本发明系统正是利用触觉通道测量人的警觉注意力，来正确的评估出人的注意力，该测量系统同样还能帮助研究人员深入了解触觉工作原理。Normal people have the ability to sense force and touch. When faced with groups such as blind people or elderly people with poor eyesight, there will be no problem that the measurement results do not match the actual situation or even cannot be measured. Human attention, the measurement system can also help researchers gain insight into how touch works.
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统，包括：主控制模块、从控制模块、振动触觉模块和抗干扰模块；其中，As shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an alertness and attention measurement system based on finger vibrotactile stimulation, including: a master control module, a slave control module, a vibrotactile module, and an anti-interference module; wherein,
所述主控制模块，与所述从控制模块连接，能控制所述从控制模块驱动所述振动触觉模块刺激用户，并接收用户反馈来测量用户的反应时间以及根据用户的反应时间计算得出用户的警觉注意力；The master control module, connected with the slave control module, can control the slave control module to drive the vibration haptic module to stimulate the user, and receive user feedback to measure the user's reaction time and calculate the user according to the user's reaction time. alert attention;
所述从控制模块，与所述振动触觉模块连接，能驱动所述振动触觉模块产生不同强度的振动触觉刺激；The slave control module is connected to the vibrotactile module, and can drive the vibrotactile module to generate vibrotactile stimulation of different intensities;
所述振动触觉模块，设置于被测者的手指，能产生不同强度的振动触觉刺激以对用户的手指进行刺激；The vibrotactile module is arranged on the finger of the subject, and can generate vibratory tactile stimulation of different intensities to stimulate the user's finger;
所述抗干扰模块，用于在测量过程中，佩戴于用户以隔绝外界环境对被测者的声音干扰和视觉干扰。The anti-interference module is used to be worn on the user during the measurement process to isolate the sound interference and visual interference of the external environment to the measured person.
上述测量系统中，主控制模块包括：计算机和测量警觉注意力的计算机程序；其中，In the above measurement system, the main control module includes: a computer and a computer program for measuring alertness and attention; wherein,
所述计算机，执行所述测量警觉注意力的计算机程序；the computer executing the computer program for measuring vigilant attention;
所述测量警觉注意力的计算机程序，用于接收用户由键盘给出的反馈，向所述从控制模块发送控制命令以及测量用户的反应时间。The computer program for measuring alertness and attention is used to receive the feedback given by the user from the keyboard, send control commands to the slave control module, and measure the reaction time of the user.
上述测量系统中，测量警觉注意力的计算机程序包括：In the above measurement system, the computer program for measuring vigilant attention includes:
定时模块、计时模块、数据通信模块和数据处理模块；Timing module, timing module, data communication module and data processing module;
其中，所述定时模块，用于严格控制测量流程的时间；Wherein, the timing module is used to strictly control the time of the measurement process;
所述计时模块，用于记录被测者测量开始到反馈之间的反应时间；The timing module is used to record the reaction time between the start of the measurement and the feedback;
数据通信模块，用于测量阶段发送相关指令给下位机；The data communication module is used to send relevant instructions to the lower computer in the measurement stage;
所述数据处理模块，用于根据所述计时模块测得的反应时间，计算出基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力。The data processing module is configured to calculate the alert attention based on the finger vibration tactile stimulation according to the reaction time measured by the timing module.
上述测量系统中，数据处理模块计算出基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力方式如下：In the above measurement system, the data processing module calculates the alertness and attention mode based on finger vibration and tactile stimulation as follows:
若设定N个测量任务，其中N/2个测量任务为无线索刺激的测量任务，另外N/2个测量任务为含有中央线索刺激的测量任务。若无线索刺激的测量任务中有m个任务被正确反馈，含有中央线索刺激的测量任务有n个任务被正确反馈。则在无线索刺激的情况下，通过用户的平均反应时间为：If N measurement tasks are set, N/2 measurement tasks are measurement tasks without cord stimulation, and the other N/2 measurement tasks are measurement tasks with central cue stimulation. If m tasks are correctly fed back in the measurement task without the cued stimulus, n tasks are correctly fed back in the measurement task with the central cued stimulus. Then in the case of no cable stimulation, the average reaction time of passing users is:
在含有中央线索刺激的情况下，用户的平均反应时间为：In the presence of central cued stimuli, the user's average reaction time was:
则基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力为：Then the alert attention based on finger vibration tactile stimulation is:
R.TAlerting＝R.TNoCue-R.TCenterCueRTAlerting = RTNoCue -RTCenterCue
当测量任务次数达到N次之后，按上式进行数据处理，即计算得出在手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力。When the number of measurement tasks reaches N times, the data processing is performed according to the above formula, that is, the alertness and attention under the finger vibration tactile stimulation are calculated.
上述测量系统中，从控制模块包括：下位机和交流振动马达驱动器；其中，In the above measurement system, the slave control module includes: a lower computer and an AC vibration motor driver; wherein,
所述下位机，通过串口线与所述主控制模块的计算机连接，能接收所述主控制模块的计算机执行的测量警觉注意力的计算机程序发送的控制命令，并根据控制命令执行下位机程序来控制所述交流振动马达驱动器；The lower computer is connected with the computer of the main control module through the serial port line, and can receive the control command sent by the computer program for measuring alertness and attention executed by the computer of the main control module, and execute the lower computer program according to the control command. controlling the AC vibration motor driver;
所述交流振动马达驱动器，与所述振动触觉模块连接，能驱动所述振动触觉模块振动。The AC vibration motor driver is connected to the vibrotactile module, and can drive the vibrotactile module to vibrate.
如图2所示，上述测量系统中，振动触觉模块包括：三个交流振动马达31和马达固定装置32；其中，As shown in FIG. 2, in the above measurement system, the vibrotactile module includes: three alternating
所述三个交流振动马达，通过I2C总线与所述从控制模块的交流振动马达驱动器连接，用于产生不同强度的振动触觉刺激用户的手指；The three AC vibration motors are connected to the AC vibration motor driver of the slave control module through the I2C bus, and are used to generate different intensities of vibration and touch to stimulate the user's fingers;
所述马达固定装置，用于将所述三个交流振动马达固定于用户手1的食指、中指、无名指上。The motor fixing device is used for fixing the three AC vibration motors on the index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the user's
上述测量系统中，抗干扰模块包括：抗噪音耳罩与遮光眼罩；其中，In the above measurement system, the anti-interference module includes: anti-noise earmuffs and light-shielding eyecups; wherein,
所述抗噪音耳罩，用于在测量过程中，佩戴于用户的耳部以隔绝外界环境对用户的声音干扰；The anti-noise earmuffs are used to be worn on the user's ear during the measurement process to isolate the user's sound interference from the external environment;
所述遮光眼罩，用于在测量过程中，佩戴于用户的眼部以隔绝外界环境对用户的视觉干扰。The shading eye mask is used to be worn on the user's eyes to isolate the visual disturbance of the user from the external environment during the measurement process.
上述测量系统中，振动触觉模块的振动触觉刺激包括：触觉线索刺激和触觉目标刺激；其中，In the above measurement system, the vibrotactile stimulation of the vibrotactile module includes: tactile cue stimulation and tactile target stimulation; wherein,
所述触觉线索刺激包括：无线索和中央线索两种：所述无线索为用户的食指、中指、无名指上的所述振动触觉模块的交流振动马达均不产生振动；所述中央线索为中指上的所述振动触觉模块的交流振动马达产生振动，而食指和无名指上的所述振动触觉模块的交流振动马达不产生振动。The tactile cue stimulation includes: no cords and central cues: the cordless is that the AC vibration motor of the vibrotactile module on the user's index finger, middle finger, and ring finger does not vibrate; the central cue is the middle finger. The AC vibration motor of the vibrotactile module generates vibration, while the AC vibration motor of the vibrotactile module on the index finger and ring finger does not generate vibration.
所述触觉目标刺激包括：强振动和弱振动两种，测量之前用户能明显区分强振动和弱振动这两种不同强度的振动，触觉目标刺激单一出现在食指或无名指上；The tactile target stimulus includes: strong vibration and weak vibration. Before the measurement, the user can clearly distinguish the two different intensities of the strong vibration and the weak vibration, and the tactile target stimulus single appears on the index finger or the ring finger;
触觉目标刺激包括如下四种方式：在食指上产生弱振动、在食指上产生强振动、在无名指上产生弱振动和在无名指上产生强振动；The tactile target stimulus includes the following four ways: weak vibration on the index finger, strong vibration on the index finger, weak vibration on the ring finger and strong vibration on the ring finger;
触觉目标刺激用于用户识别，并作为用户在键盘上做出相应反馈的根据；所述用户在键盘上做出相应反馈的形式为：触觉目标刺激为强振动时则按下键盘上的上方向键，触觉目标刺激为弱振动时则按下键盘上的下方向键，用户反馈完后，使产生触觉目标刺激的所述振动触觉模块的振动马达停止振动。The tactile target stimulation is used for user identification, and is used as the basis for the user to make corresponding feedback on the keyboard; the form in which the user makes corresponding feedback on the keyboard is: when the tactile target stimulation is a strong vibration, press the upper direction on the keyboard. key, when the tactile target stimulus is weak vibration, press the down arrow key on the keyboard, after the user feedback, stop the vibration motor of the vibratory tactile module that generates the tactile target stimulus from vibrating.
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量方法，采用本发明所述的测量系统，包括以下步骤：On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for measuring alertness and attention based on finger vibration tactile stimulation, using the measuring system of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
步骤1，从无线索刺激和中央线索刺激伪随机选择一种进行刺激，且测量完成后，保持无线索刺激与中央线索刺激出现的次数相同，在无线索刺激或中央线索刺激下，根据触觉目标刺激的出现时刻为起点而测量出用户的反应时间；具体为：Step 1: Select one of the no-cord stimulation and the central-cue stimulation pseudo-randomly for stimulation, and after the measurement is completed, keep the no-cord stimulation and the central-cue stimulation appear the same number of times. The user's reaction time is measured from the moment when the stimulus appears as the starting point; specifically:
将所述测量系统的振动触觉模块分布设置在用户左手的食指、中指和无名指上，先给定一个400～1600毫秒的随机时间，以使用户等待无线索刺激或中央线索刺激的到来；Distributing the vibrotactile modules of the measurement system on the index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the user's left hand, and first giving a random time of 400-1600 milliseconds, so that the user can wait for the arrival of no-cord stimulation or central cue stimulation;
随后给予用户无线索刺激或中央线索刺激，持续100毫秒，若为无线索刺激，则用户食指、中指、无名指上的振动触觉模块均不振动，若为中央线索刺激，则中指上的振动触觉模块振动；Then give the user no-cord stimulation or central cue stimulation for 100 milliseconds. If no cord stimulation, the vibrotactile modules on the user's index finger, middle finger, and ring finger will not vibrate. If it is central cue stimulation, the vibrotactile module on the middle finger will not vibrate. vibration;
接着给予400毫秒的等待时间，以使用户等待触觉目标刺激到来；Then give a waiting time of 400 milliseconds to make the user wait for the haptic target stimulus to arrive;
待触觉目标刺激出现，记录触觉目标刺激刚出现时刻用户感受到触觉目标刺激后即做出的反馈，若用户确认触觉目标刺激为强振动，则按下键盘上的某个键并记录为反馈正确，若所按的键与预先设定不同则记录为反馈错误，若用户确认触觉目标刺激为弱振动，则按下键盘上的另外一个键并记录为反馈正确，若所按的键与预先设定不同则记录为反馈错误，记录用户做出反馈的时刻，将用户做出反馈的时刻与触觉目标刺激的出现时刻相减，即得到用户的反应时间；When the tactile target stimulus appears, record the feedback that the user makes after feeling the tactile target stimulus when the tactile target stimulus appears. If the user confirms that the tactile target stimulus is a strong vibration, press a key on the keyboard and record it as correct feedback. , if the pressed key is different from the preset, it will be recorded as a feedback error. If the user confirms that the tactile target stimulus is weak vibration, press another key on the keyboard and record it as correct feedback. If it is different, it will be recorded as a feedback error, record the moment when the user gives feedback, and subtract the moment when the user gives feedback and the moment when the tactile target stimulus appears, that is, the user's reaction time;
步骤2，通过多次重复上述测量步骤1获得的反应时间计算出人的警觉注意力；具体为：Step 2: Calculate the person's alert attention by repeating the reaction time obtained in the above-mentioned
将步骤1所获得的反应时间分成两类：在无线索刺激下的反应时间与在中央线索刺激下的反应时间；若无线索刺激的测量任务中有m个任务被正确反馈，含有中央线索刺激的测量任务有n个任务被正确反馈；则在无线索刺激的情况下，通过用户的平均反应时间为：The reaction time obtained in
在含有中央线索刺激的情况下，用户的平均反应时间为：In the presence of central cued stimuli, the user's average reaction time was:
则基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力为：Then the alert attention based on finger vibration tactile stimulation is:
R.TAlerting＝R.TNoCue-R.TCenterCue。RTAlerting = RTNoCue - RTCenterCue .
下面对本发明实施例具体作进一步地详细描述。The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统，其主要包括：主控制模块、从控制模块、振动触觉模块、抗干扰模块。其中，所述主控制模块与从控制模块相连；所述从控制模块与振动触觉模块相连；其中，As shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an alertness and attention measurement system based on finger vibration tactile stimulation, which mainly includes: a master control module, a slave control module, a vibration tactile module, and an anti-interference module. Wherein, the master control module is connected with the slave control module; the slave control module is connected with the vibration haptic module; wherein,
所述主控制模块包括：计算机和测量警觉注意力的计算机程序；其中，所述计算机，用于运行测量警觉注意力的计算机程序，并提供键盘用于用户反馈。所述测量警觉注意力的计算机程序，用于控制下位机，测量人的反应时间以及数据处理。本测量程序必须要具有高度的实时性，因为所测反应时间很小，因此本测量程序必须要使用具有高精度定时器的语言来编写以此来保证所测数据的准确性，例如可以使用C++来编写该测量警觉注意力的计算机程序。The main control module includes: a computer and a computer program for measuring vigilance and attention; wherein, the computer is used for running the computer program for measuring vigilance and attention, and provides a keyboard for user feedback. The computer program for measuring vigilance and attention is used to control the lower computer, measure human reaction time and process data. This measurement program must have a high degree of real-time performance, because the measured response time is very small, so this measurement program must be written in a language with a high-precision timer to ensure the accuracy of the measured data. For example, C++ can be used. to write a computer program that measures vigilant attention.
所述从控制模块包括：下位机(单片机)和交流振动马达驱动器；其中，下位机通过串口线与计算机相连，交流振动马达通过I2C总线与交流振动马达驱动器相连。所述下位机，用于接受测量警觉注意力的计算机程序发送的命令，执行下位机程序来控制振动马达，下位机必须应具有实时性，例如可采用Arduino mega 2560单片机。所述交流振动马达驱动器，用于驱动交流振动马达振动。The slave control module includes: a lower computer (MCU) and an AC vibration motor driver; wherein, the lower computer is connected to the computer through a serial line, and the AC vibration motor is connected to the AC vibration motor driver through an I2C bus. The lower computer is used to receive the command sent by the computer program for measuring vigilance and attention, and execute the lower computer program to control the vibration motor. The AC vibration motor driver is used for driving the AC vibration motor to vibrate.
所述振动触觉模块包括：三个交流振动马达和马达固定装置；其中，所述交流振动马达，用于产生振动触觉刺激人的手指，并且其能产生不同强度的振动，也必须能够快速响应。因为本测量系统所测反应时间较小，因此振动马达的延时性不能太高，太高则影响测量的准确性，例如可以使用PRECISION MICRODRIVES C10-000。如图2所述，此系统中包含3个交流振动马达。所述马达固定装置，用于固定3个交流振动马达于左手的食指、中指、无名指上。The vibrotactile module includes: three alternating current vibration motors and a motor fixing device; wherein, the alternating current vibration motor is used to generate vibrotactile touch to stimulate human fingers, and it can generate vibrations of different intensities, and must also be able to respond quickly. Because the response time measured by this measuring system is small, the time delay of the vibration motor cannot be too high, which will affect the accuracy of the measurement. For example, PRECISION MICRODRIVES C10-000 can be used. As shown in Figure 2, the system includes 3 AC vibration motors. The motor fixing device is used for fixing three AC vibration motors on the index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the left hand.
所述抗干扰模块包括：抗噪音耳罩与遮光眼罩；所述抗噪音耳罩，用于在测量过程中，隔绝外界环境的声音干扰；所述遮光眼罩，用于在测量过程中，隔绝外界环境的视觉干扰。The anti-interference module includes: anti-noise earmuffs and light-shielding eyecups; the anti-noise earmuffs are used to isolate the sound interference of the external environment during the measurement process; the light-shielding eyecups are used to isolate the outside world during the measurement process. Visual distractions from the environment.
如图3所示，所述振动触觉模块的振动触觉刺激包括：触觉线索刺激，触觉目标刺激。触觉线索刺激分为两种，一种为无线索，即食指、中指、无名指上的交流振动马达均不产生振动；另外一种为中央线索，即中指上的交流振动马达产生振动，而食指、无名指上的交流振动马达不产生振动。目标触觉刺激分为两种：一种为强振动，另外一种为弱振动。在测量过程前，必须保证用户对这两种不同强度的振动有明显的区分。触觉目标刺激只会出现在食指或无名指上，并且不会同时在食指或无名指上，即触觉目标刺激有如下几种情况：在食指上产生弱振动，在食指上产生强振动，在无名指上产生弱振动，在无名指上产生强振动。触觉目标刺激用于用户识别，并作为用户在键盘上做出相应反馈的根据。As shown in FIG. 3 , the vibrotactile stimulation of the vibrotactile module includes: tactile cue stimulation and tactile target stimulation. There are two types of tactile cue stimulation, one is no-cable, that is, the AC vibration motor on the index finger, middle finger, and ring finger does not generate vibration; the other is central cue, that is, the AC vibration motor on the middle finger generates vibration, while the index finger, The AC vibration motor on the ring finger does not vibrate. There are two types of target tactile stimuli: one is strong vibration and the other is weak vibration. Before the measurement process, it must be ensured that the user has a clear distinction between the two different intensities of vibration. The tactile target stimulus will only appear on the index finger or the ring finger, and will not be on the index finger or the ring finger at the same time, that is, the tactile target stimulus has the following situations: a weak vibration is generated on the index finger, a strong vibration is generated on the index finger, and a ring finger is generated. Weak vibration, produces strong vibration on the ring finger. Tactile target stimuli are used for user identification and as the basis for the user to make corresponding feedback on the keyboard.
参照图4、图5(图4中R、M、L分别表示食指、中指和无名指)，本发明所提供的测量方法的实现步骤如下：With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 (in Fig. 4, R, M, L represent index finger, middle finger and ring finger respectively), the realization steps of the measurement method provided by the present invention are as follows:
步骤1，根据触觉目标刺激的出现时刻为起点而测量出用户的反应时间。In
(1a)首先，被测者需保持注意，等待下一阶段线索的到来，此阶段持续时间为D1毫秒(D1为400至1600之间的一个随机整数)，此阶段没有线索触觉刺激、目标触觉刺激作用于被测者的手上。(1a) First, the subjects need to keep their attention and wait for the next stage of cues. The duration of this stage is D1 milliseconds (D1 is a random integer between 400 and 1600). There are no cued tactile stimuli and target tactile sensations in this stage. The stimulus is applied to the subject's hand.
(1b)接着为线索出现阶段，本方法中线索有两种，即无线索与中央线索，线索触觉刺激将持续100毫秒。(1b) Followed by the cue-appearing stage, there are two kinds of cues in this method, namely no cue and central cue, the cue tactile stimulus will last for 100 milliseconds.
(1c)然后被测者仍需保持注意，此阶段持续时间为400毫秒，此阶段无线索触觉刺激、目标触觉刺激作用于被测者的手上。(1c) Then the subject still needs to pay attention. The duration of this stage is 400 milliseconds. In this stage, no cord tactile stimulation and target tactile stimulation acts on the subject's hand.
(1d)最后为触觉目标刺激出现阶段，在此阶段到来之时，就会产生触觉目标刺激，当被测者感受到触觉目标刺激之时，需要尽快尽可能准确的给上位机一个反馈，当被测者做出反馈之后，触觉目标刺激消失，从触觉目标刺激出现到被测者做出反馈这一段时间称为反应时间RT，第四阶段持续时间为3500-D1毫秒，也就是说触觉目标刺激持续RT毫秒，而其后的3500-RT-D1毫秒无线索触觉刺激、目标触觉刺激作用于被测者的手上。因此一个测量任务总时长为4000毫秒。(1d) The last stage is the appearance of tactile target stimulation. When this stage arrives, tactile target stimulation will be generated. When the subject feels the tactile target stimulation, it is necessary to give the host computer a feedback as soon as possible as accurately as possible. After the subject gives feedback, the tactile target stimulus disappears, and the period from the appearance of the tactile target stimulus to the subject giving feedback is called the reaction time RT, and the duration of the fourth stage is 3500-D1 milliseconds, that is to say, the tactile target The stimulation lasted for RT milliseconds, and then for 3500-RT-D1 milliseconds, no cord tactile stimulation and target tactile stimulation acted on the subject's hand. Therefore, the total duration of a measurement task is 4000 milliseconds.
步骤2，通过多次重复上述测量步骤获得的反应时间来计算出人的警觉注意力。In step 2, the alert attention of the person is calculated by repeating the reaction time obtained by the above measurement steps for many times.
(2a)多次重复步骤1中的测量任务，获取若干个测量数据。(2a) Repeat the measurement task in
(2b)计算在无线索刺激的情况下被测者的平均反应时间。(2b) Calculate the mean reaction time of subjects in the absence of cord stimulation.
若所述的测量系统包含N个测量任务，其中N/2个测量任务为无线索刺激的测量任务，另外N/2个测量任务为含有中央线索刺激的测量任务。若无线索刺激的测量任务中有m个任务被正确反馈，则在无线索刺激的情况下，被测者的平均反应时间为：If the measurement system includes N measurement tasks, N/2 measurement tasks are measurement tasks without cord stimulation, and the other N/2 measurement tasks are measurement tasks with central cue stimulation. If there are m tasks that are correctly fed back in the measurement tasks without cord stimulation, then in the case of no cord stimulation, the average reaction time of the subjects is:
(2c)计算在中央线索刺激的情况下被测者的平均反应时间。(2c) Calculate the mean reaction time of subjects in the presence of central cue stimulation.
若含有中央线索刺激的测量任务有n个任务被正确反馈，则在中央线索刺激的情况下，被测者的平均反应时间为：If n tasks with central cue stimulation are correctly fed back, then in the case of central cue stimulation, the average reaction time of the subjects is:
(2d)计算基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力。(2d) Computation of alert attention based on finger vibrotactile stimuli.
根据步骤2b和步骤2c获得的不同线索刺激下的平均反应时间，我们可以利用如下公式计算出基于手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力：According to the average reaction time under different cue stimuli obtained in steps 2b and 2c, we can use the following formula to calculate the alert attention based on finger vibration tactile stimuli:
R.TAlerting＝R.TNoCue-R.TCenterCueRTAlerting = RTNoCue -RTCenterCue
上述测量方法的具体实现方式如下：The specific implementation of the above measurement method is as follows:
该测量系统的测量警觉注意力的计算机程序的测量过程可以通过高精度计时器来实现，例如可以利用Win32 API函数库中的多媒体定时器来实现，多媒体定时器的计时精度高达1毫秒，因此可保证测量精度。在测量任务的第一阶段到来之时，通过使用随机数生成函数产生一个400-1600之间的随机数，用作第一个阶段的持续时间D1，然后开启多媒体定时器进行计时。当多媒体定时器计时到D1时，设定测量任务的第二阶段的持续时间为100毫秒，如果本次任务的线索为中央线索，则上位机给下位机发送命令，使位于中指上的交流振动马达产生振动，否则上位机不发送命令给下位机。当多媒体定时器计时100毫秒时，使交流振动马达停止振动，设定测量任务的第三阶段的持续时间为400毫秒。当多媒体定时器计时400毫秒时，设定测量任务的第四阶段的持续时间为3500-D1毫秒，根据读取预设的本次任务的目标刺激的位置和强弱，上位机给下位机发送相应的命令，当用户感受到触觉目标刺激之时，尽快尽可能准确的给上位机一个反馈，其反馈形式为目标刺激为强振动时则按下键盘上的上方向键，目标刺激为弱振动时则按下键盘上的下方向键，用户反馈完之后，使产生目标刺激的振动马达停止振动。The measuring process of the computer program for measuring vigilance and attention of the measuring system can be realized by a high-precision timer, for example, it can be realized by using the multimedia timer in the Win32 API function library. The timing accuracy of the multimedia timer is as high as 1 millisecond, so it can be Guaranteed measurement accuracy. When the first stage of the measurement task arrives, a random number between 400 and 1600 is generated by using the random number generation function, which is used as the duration D1 of the first stage, and then the multimedia timer is started for timing. When the multimedia timer reaches D1, the duration of the second stage of the measurement task is set to 100 milliseconds. If the clue of this task is the central clue, the upper computer sends a command to the lower computer to make the AC on the middle finger vibrate The motor vibrates, otherwise the upper computer will not send commands to the lower computer. When the multimedia timer counted for 100 milliseconds, the AC vibration motor was stopped from vibrating, and the duration of the third stage of the measurement task was set to 400 milliseconds. When the multimedia timer counts for 400 milliseconds, the duration of the fourth stage of the measurement task is set to 3500-D1 milliseconds. According to the position and strength of the preset target stimulus for this task, the upper computer sends a message to the lower computer. The corresponding command, when the user feels the tactile target stimulus, give the upper computer a feedback as accurately as possible as soon as possible. The feedback form is that when the target stimulus is a strong vibration, press the up arrow key on the keyboard, and the target stimulus is a weak vibration. When the user presses the down arrow key on the keyboard, after the user feedback, the vibration motor that generates the target stimulus stops vibrating.
所述的线索存在2种情况，所述的目标存在4种情况，则线索与目标的组合则存在8种情况。所述的测量系统包含的N个测量任务，含有这8种情况的个数相同，且在测量开始之前，利用随机数生成函数随机分配好各种情况的先后次序。There are 2 cases for the clue, 4 cases for the target, and 8 cases for the combination of the clue and the target. The N measurement tasks included in the measurement system contain the same number of these 8 cases, and before the measurement starts, the sequence of each case is randomly assigned by a random number generating function.
所述的基于手指振动触觉刺激的警觉注意力测量系统，在测量之前，让用户充分体验，让用户能充分理解测量流程。在用户充分熟悉此系统之后才能开始正式测量。The alertness and attention measurement system based on finger vibration and tactile stimulation allows the user to fully experience before the measurement, so that the user can fully understand the measurement process. Formal measurement can only be started after the user is fully familiar with the system.
如图5所示，用户坐在测量系统前，头戴抗噪音耳罩，眼睛戴上遮光眼罩。左手的食指、中指、无名指上各固定1个交流振动马达，右上放置于键盘上，其中两只手指分别置于上方向键和下方向键。当用户准备好之后，启动测量警觉注意力的计算机程序，则用户开始完成测量任务，当目标刺激出现的时候，计算机程序开始计时，当用户按下键盘上的上方向键或者下方向键，则结束计时，计算出用户的反应时间RT，并记录用户的反馈是否正确。所述用户反馈正确即目标刺激为强振动时，用户按下键盘上的上方向键即为正确，若按下键盘上的下方向键则视为反馈错误；同样，目标刺激为弱振动时，用户按下键盘上的下方向键即为正确，若按下键盘上的上方向键则视为反馈错误。As shown in Figure 5, the user sits in front of the measurement system, wears anti-noise earmuffs on his head, and wears light-shielding goggles for his eyes. One AC vibration motor is fixed on the index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the left hand, and the upper right is placed on the keyboard, and two fingers are placed on the up and down direction keys respectively. When the user is ready, start the computer program for measuring alertness and attention, and the user starts to complete the measurement task. When the target stimulus appears, the computer program starts timing. When the user presses the up or down arrow keys on the keyboard, the End the timing, calculate the user's reaction time RT, and record whether the user's feedback is correct. When the user feedback is correct, that is, when the target stimulus is a strong vibration, it is correct that the user presses the upper direction key on the keyboard, and if the user presses the downward direction key on the keyboard, it is regarded as feedback error; If the user presses the down arrow key on the keyboard, it is correct, and if the user presses the up arrow key on the keyboard, it is regarded as a feedback error.
当测量任务次数达到N次之后，则本发明提供的测量方法计算出在手指振动触觉刺激下的警觉注意力，并将该结果显示在主控制模块的计算机的屏幕上。When the number of measurement tasks reaches N times, the measurement method provided by the present invention calculates the alert attention under the finger vibration tactile stimulation, and displays the result on the computer screen of the main control module.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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