技术领域technical field
本发明属于水生鱼类检测调查技术领域，尤其涉及一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of detection and investigation of aquatic fish, and in particular relates to a system and method for detecting the passing rate of target fish passing through a fish channel.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着环保意识的逐步提高和相关法律法规系统的完善，建设项目环境影响评价体系已步入正轨，其中要求对于修建大型的拦河闸坝等水利工程，需要进行建设项目水生生态系统调查，查明流域若有洄游性水生生物，特别是洄游鱼类，需要修建专门的通道设施，保证水生生态系统的完整性与稳定性，并在建设项目竣工环保设施验收中，重点考察设立通道的落实情况及效果。然而目前对于洄游鱼类通道有效性的监测一直是领域内的难点问题，主要为计算鱼类通道的通过率，是判断鱼类通道是否有效的主要指标，已有的监测方法多为在鱼道一侧设立观察窗口，通过人工观测计数，查明通过的鱼类数量。在实际操作中，存在以下问题：计数采用人工观测的方式，首先并不能有效区分不同类别的鱼类，其次观测过程基本只能在白天进行，连续性差，且受流速及水质的影响较大，适用范围有限；观测过程所需劳动力密集，效率低，且受观测人员主观判断影响较大，容易造成误差；缺乏对通道相关水环境的数据采集，不利于后期据此调整、修改与进一步完善鱼道设施。In recent years, with the gradual improvement of environmental protection awareness and the improvement of relevant laws and regulations, the environmental impact assessment system of construction projects has been on the right track, which requires that for the construction of large-scale water conservancy projects such as barrages and dams, it is necessary to carry out the construction project aquatic ecosystem Investigate and find out that if there are migratory aquatic organisms in the watershed, especially migratory fish, special passage facilities need to be built to ensure the integrity and stability of the aquatic ecosystem, and in the acceptance of environmental protection facilities for construction projects, focus on the establishment of passages implementation and effects. However, the current monitoring of the effectiveness of migratory fish passages has always been a difficult problem in the field. An observation window is set up on one side, and the number of fish passing through is found out through manual observation and counting. In actual operation, there are the following problems: counting adopts the method of manual observation, first of all, it cannot effectively distinguish different types of fish, and secondly, the observation process can only be carried out during the day, the continuity is poor, and it is greatly affected by the flow rate and water quality. The scope of application is limited; the observation process requires labor-intensive, low efficiency, and is greatly affected by the subjective judgment of observers, which is likely to cause errors; the lack of data collection of channel-related water environments is not conducive to later adjustment, modification and further improvement of fish road facilities.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其设置有采集装置，提高了统计的准确性，避免了由于检测点的不同，而导致对统计结果产生较大影响，设置标记装置和样本识别装置，采用机器识别，避免了人为识别准确度差的情况，而且不受时间和水质限制，可以持续观察和统计，设置水质监测组件，尽量消除水质对统计效果的影响。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a detection system for the passing rate of target fish passing through the fish channel in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which is provided with a collection device, which improves the accuracy of statistics and avoids the Due to the difference in points, it will have a great impact on the statistical results. The marking device and sample identification device are set up, and machine identification is adopted to avoid the situation of poor accuracy of artificial identification. Moreover, it is not limited by time and water quality, and can be continuously observed and counted. Set up water quality monitoring components to eliminate the impact of water quality on statistical results as much as possible.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：包括设置在采集点对目标鱼类个体进行采集的采集装置、用于将采集到的目标鱼类标记为样本的标记装置和对样本进行识别的样本识别装置，所述样本识别装置设置在待检测鱼类通道内；In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a detection system for the passing rate of target fish passing through the fish channel, which is characterized in that: it includes a collection device arranged at the collection point to collect the target fish individual, A marking device for marking the collected target fish as a sample and a sample identification device for identifying the sample, the sample identification device is arranged in the channel of the fish to be detected;
所述采集装置包括设置在水中用于采集目标鱼类个体的网箱、用于固定所述网箱位置的固定机构和安装在所述网箱上的水质监测组件，所述固定机构固定在地面上；The collection device includes a net cage set in the water for collecting target fish individuals, a fixing mechanism for fixing the position of the net cage and a water quality monitoring assembly installed on the net cage, and the fixing mechanism is fixed on the ground superior;
所述标记装置包括标记夹体和设置在所述标记夹体上的标记机构，所述标记夹体包括上夹臂和下夹臂，所述上夹臂的中部与下夹臂的中部铰接，所述标记机构包括使用标记液对目标鱼类个体进行标记的印辊、用于存储标记液的染料瓶和为所述印辊提供标记液的微型泵，所述微型泵设置在染料瓶上，所述印辊包括设置在上夹臂夹持端内侧的第一印辊和下夹臂夹持端内侧的第二印辊；The marking device includes a marking clamp body and a marking mechanism arranged on the marking clamp body, the marking clamp body includes an upper clamping arm and a lower clamping arm, the middle part of the upper clamping arm is hinged with the middle part of the lower clamping arm, The marking mechanism includes a printing roller that uses marking liquid to mark target fish individuals, a dye bottle for storing the marking liquid, and a micropump that provides marking liquid for the printing roller, and the micropump is arranged on the dye bottle, The printing roller includes a first printing roller arranged inside the clamping end of the upper clamp arm and a second printing roller inside the clamping end of the lower clamp arm;
所述样本识别装置包括用于识别样本的识别器和用于固定所述识别器的固定架。The sample identification device includes an identifier for identifying samples and a fixing frame for fixing the identifier.
上述的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：所述固定机构包括与所述网箱相连的漂浮件和调节所述漂浮件位置的调节器；所述调节器包括用于调节所述漂浮件位置的可伸缩杆和将所述可伸缩杆固定在陆地上的杆支架，所述可伸缩杆通过伸缩杆绳索与所述漂浮件相连；所述网箱内设置有饵料，所述网箱上安装有仅可向内翻转的入口板。The above-mentioned passing rate detection system for target fish passing through the fish channel is characterized in that: the fixing mechanism includes a floating member connected to the net cage and an adjuster for adjusting the position of the floating member; the adjuster It includes a telescopic rod for adjusting the position of the floating part and a rod support for fixing the telescopic rod on land, and the telescopic rod is connected with the floating part through a telescopic rod rope; There is bait, and the entrance plate that can only turn inwards is installed on described cage.
上述的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：所述漂浮件由漂浮板和固定在漂浮板上的多个漂浮球组成，漂浮板与所述网箱之间通过多条绳索相连，所述绳索上设置有用于调节绳索长度的绳索盘。The above-mentioned passing rate detection system for target fish passing through the fish channel is characterized in that: the floating member is composed of a floating plate and a plurality of floating balls fixed on the floating plate, and the space between the floating plate and the net cage is They are connected by a plurality of ropes, and the ropes are provided with rope reels for adjusting the length of the ropes.
上述的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：所述监测器组包括温度探头和溶解氧探头，所述温度探头和溶解氧探头均固定在网箱上。The above-mentioned detection system for the passing rate of target fish passing through the fish channel is characterized in that: the monitor group includes a temperature probe and a dissolved oxygen probe, and the temperature probe and the dissolved oxygen probe are both fixed on the cage.
上述的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：所述上夹臂的把持端设置为弧形柄，所述下夹臂的把持端设置有手柄；所述手柄上设置有用于控制所述微型泵工作的微型泵开关和用于防止所述标记夹体脱落的腕带，腕带上设置有拉紧扣。The above-mentioned pass rate detection system for target fish passing through the fish channel is characterized in that: the gripping end of the upper clamping arm is set as an arc handle, and the grasping end of the lower clamping arm is provided with a handle; the handle A micropump switch for controlling the operation of the micropump and a wristband for preventing the marker clip from falling off are arranged on the wristband, and a tightening buckle is arranged on the wristband.
上述的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：所述标记夹体设置有用于保护所述印辊、染料瓶和微型泵的夹盖。The above-mentioned detection system for the passing rate of target fish passing through the fish channel is characterized in that: the marking clip body is provided with a clip cover for protecting the printing roller, the dye bottle and the micropump.
上述的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，其特征在于：所述识别器为摄像机，所述摄像机的数量为两台，且两台所述摄像机相对设置；所述固定架上设置有位于两台摄像机中间位置的高压泵，所述高压泵的出水端设置有调节高压泵出水流量的流量调节器。The above-mentioned pass rate detection system for target fish passing through the fish channel is characterized in that: the identifier is a camera, the number of the cameras is two, and the two cameras are arranged opposite to each other; the fixing frame A high-pressure pump located in the middle of the two cameras is arranged on the top, and a flow regulator for adjusting the water flow rate of the high-pressure pump is arranged at the water outlet of the high-pressure pump.
本发明还提供了一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for detecting the passing rate of the target fish through the fish channel, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
步骤一、样本获取，过程如下：Step 1. Sample acquisition, the process is as follows:
步骤101、获取目标鱼类个体：Step 101, obtaining the target fish individual:
利用网箱(1)获取目标鱼类个体，记录第j次获取的目标鱼类个体的数量xj；Use the net cage (1) to obtain the target fish individual, and record the number xj of the target fish individual acquired for the jth time;
步骤102、判断已获取的i次目标鱼类个体累计总数Mi是否大于预设样本容量N，当Mi<N时，执行步骤103；当Mi≥N时，执行步骤104，其中，j∈[1,i]，i为正整数且i≥1；Step 102, judging whether the accumulative total number Mi of target fish individuals acquired i times is greater than the preset sample size N, when Mi <N, execute step 103; when Mi ≥ N, execute step 104, wherein, j∈[1,i], i is a positive integer and i≥1;
步骤103、目标鱼类个体标记及回放：Step 103, target fish individual marking and playback:
对进入网箱(1)内的目标鱼类个体通过标记装置进行标记，将已捕捉的目标鱼类个体标记为样本，并将样本回放，记录第j次回放样本的时刻Tj，并循环步骤101；Mark the target fish individuals entering the net cage (1) through the marking device, mark the captured target fish individuals as samples, and playback the samples, record the moment Tj of the j-th playback sample, and cycle the steps 101;
步骤104、对第i次获取的目标鱼类个体的数量xi中的xi'个目标鱼类个体执行步骤103，并对Mi-N个目标鱼类个体回放，然后执行步骤二，其中，当i＝1时，xi'＝N；当i>1时，Step 104. Execute step 103 on the xi ' target fish individuals in the number xi of target fish individuals acquired for the ith time, and replay the Mi -N target fish individuals, and then perform step 2, wherein , when i=1, xi '=N; when i>1,
步骤二、确定目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率：Step 2. Determine the passing rate of the target fish through the fish channel:
利用所述识别器识别并记录穿过鱼类通道的样本的个数，识别器持续记录样本的通过时刻，预设所述识别器的识别时间阈值Ts，其中，Ts>Ti-T1，Ti为第i次回放样本的时刻，T1为第1次回放样本的时刻；Using the recognizer to identify and record the number of samples passing through the fish channel, the recognizer continues to record the passage time of the samples, and the recognition time threshold Ts of the recognizer is preset, wherein, Ts >Ti -T1 , Ti is the moment when the sample is played back for the ith time, and T1 is the moment when the sample is played back for the first time;
根据公式计算样本在识别时间阈值Ts内通过鱼类通道的通过率ω，从而确定了目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率ω'，其中，ω'＝ω，m表示在识别时间阈值Ts内通过识别器的样本的个数。According to the formula Calculate the passing rate ω of the sample passing through the fish channel within the recognition time threshold Ts , thus determining the passing rate ω' of the target fish passing through the fish channel, where ω'=ω, m means that within the recognition time threshold Ts The number of samples that passed the recognizer.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1、本发明通过设置采集装置，在采集点进行采样，对目标鱼类进行获取，避免了人为捕捉目标鱼类效率低下，对木变鱼类个体伤害较大。1. The present invention sets up a collection device to sample at the collection point to obtain the target fish, avoiding the low efficiency of artificially catching the target fish and causing greater damage to the individual wood-changing fish.
2、本发明通过设置标记装置，对采集到的样本进行标记，设置有印辊，通过印辊将标记液印在目标鱼类个体上，避免对目标鱼类个体产生伤害。2. In the present invention, a marking device is provided to mark the collected samples, a printing roller is provided, and the marking liquid is printed on the target fish individual through the printing roller, so as to avoid damage to the target fish individual.
3、本发明通过设置水质监测组件，对采集点处水质进行实时监测，可以判断采集样本的采集点是否有水质异常的情况，尽量消除水质对统计效果的影响。3. The present invention monitors the water quality at the collection point in real time by installing a water quality monitoring component, and can judge whether there is abnormal water quality at the collection point where the sample is collected, and eliminate the influence of the water quality on the statistical effect as much as possible.
4、本发明通过设置样本识别装置，然后经过样本识别装置进行识别，避免了人为识别准确度差的情况，而且不受时间和水质限制，可以持续观察和统计。4. In the present invention, by setting a sample identification device and then identifying it through the sample identification device, it avoids the situation of poor accuracy of artificial identification, and is not limited by time and water quality, and can continue to observe and count.
综上所述，本发明设置有采集装置，提高了统计的准确性，避免了由于检测点的不同，而导致对统计结果产生较大影响，设置标记装置和样本识别装置，采用机器识别，避免了人为识别准确度差的情况，而且不受时间和水质限制，可以持续观察和统计，设置水质监测组件，尽量消除水质对统计效果的影响。In summary, the present invention is equipped with a collection device, which improves the accuracy of statistics, avoids the large impact on the statistical results due to differences in detection points, sets a marking device and a sample identification device, and adopts machine identification to avoid It eliminates the poor accuracy of artificial identification, and is not limited by time and water quality. It can continue to observe and count, and set up water quality monitoring components to eliminate the impact of water quality on statistical results as much as possible.
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明采集装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the collection device of the present invention.
图2为本发明标记装置的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the marking device of the present invention.
图3为本发明标记装置夹盖的使用状态图。Fig. 3 is a view of the use state of the clip cover of the marking device of the present invention.
图4为本发明样本识别装置的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sample identification device of the present invention.
图5为本发明的方法流程图。Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
附图标记说明:Explanation of reference signs:
1—网箱； 1-1—入口板； 1-2—单向合页；1—cage; 1-1—entrance board; 1-2—one-way hinge;
1-3—温度检测探头； 1-4—溶解氧检测探头； 1-5—饵料；1-3—temperature detection probe; 1-4—dissolved oxygen detection probe; 1-5—bait;
2—漂浮板； 2-1—漂浮球； 3—绳索；2—floating board; 2-1—floating ball; 3—rope;
3-1—绳索盘； 4—夹盖； 5—可伸缩杆；3-1—rope reel; 4—clip cover; 5—extensible rod;
5-1—伸缩杆绳索； 6—杆支架； 7-1—上夹臂；5-1—telescopic rod rope; 6—rod bracket; 7-1—upper clamp arm;
7-2—下夹臂； 7-3—印辊； 8—手柄；7-2—lower jig arm; 7-3—printing roller; 8—handle;
9—弧形柄； 10—微型泵； 11—染料瓶；9—arc handle; 10—micro pump; 11—dye bottle;
12—腕带； 13—横杆； 14—限位螺栓；12—wrist strap; 13—cross bar; 14—limit bolt;
15—高压泵固定杆； 16—摄像机固定杆； 17—高压泵；15—high pressure pump fixing rod; 16—camera fixing rod; 17—high pressure pump;
17-1—流量检测器； 18—摄像机； 19—固定件。17-1—flow detector; 18—camera; 19—fixing piece.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1至图4所示的一种目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率检测系统，包括设置在采集点对目标鱼类个体进行采集的采集装置、用于将已采集的目标鱼类个体标记为样本的标记装置和对样本进行识别的样本识别装置，所述样本识别装置设置在待检测鱼类通道内；As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a detection system for the passing rate of target fish passing through the fish channel, including a collection device that collects target fish individuals at the collection point, and is used to collect the collected target fish individuals A marking device for marking samples and a sample identification device for identifying the samples, the sample identification device is arranged in the channel of fish to be detected;
通过采集装置将自然界的目标鱼类个体进行捕捉，并采用所述标记装置将目标鱼类个体标记为样本，并将样本进行回放，待样本扩散后，在待检测鱼道内对所述鱼类通道的样本的数量进行统计。The target fish individual in nature is captured by the collection device, and the target fish individual is marked as a sample by the marking device, and the sample is played back. After the sample is diffused, the fish channel is passed in the fish channel to be detected The number of samples to be counted.
所述采集装置包括设置在水中用于采集目标鱼类个体的网箱1、用于固定所述网箱1位置的固定机构和安装在所述网箱1上的水质监测组件，所述固定机构固定在地面上；The collection device includes a net cage 1 set in water for collecting target fish individuals, a fixing mechanism for fixing the position of the net cage 1 and a water quality monitoring assembly installed on the net cage 1, the fixing mechanism fixed on the ground;
所述采集装置为鱼类样本捕捉装置，可以是用箱体采集，也可以直接用网捕捉，以及其他的能够活捉鱼类样本的方式，本采用网箱1采集，将所述网箱1固定在目标鱼类个体生活的水体范围内，通过固定机构将所述网箱1的位置固定，等待目标鱼类进入网箱1，可以防止在采集鱼类样本过程中，对样本造成伤害甚至导致样本死亡。The collection device is a fish sample capture device, which can be collected in a box, can also be directly caught with a net, and other methods that can catch fish samples alive. The net cage 1 is used for collection, and the net cage 1 is fixed. Within the range of the water body where the target fish individual lives, the position of the net cage 1 is fixed by a fixing mechanism, waiting for the target fish to enter the net cage 1, which can prevent the sample from being damaged or even caused to be damaged during the process of collecting fish samples. die.
所述网箱上设置有水质监测组件，对所述网箱1所在的样本采集点水域的环境参数进行检测，从而判断所述网箱1布置位置是否合理或是否需要更换至合理位置，有效避免了水环境变化对目标鱼类个体采集的影响，提高了采集装置的采集效率。The net cage is provided with a water quality monitoring component, which detects the environmental parameters of the water area of the sample collection point where the net cage 1 is located, thereby judging whether the arrangement position of the net cage 1 is reasonable or whether it needs to be replaced to a reasonable position, effectively avoiding The impact of water environment changes on the collection of target fish individuals is eliminated, and the collection efficiency of the collection device is improved.
所述标记装置包括标记夹体和设置在所述标记夹体上的标记机构，所述标记夹体包括上夹臂7-1和下夹臂7-2，所述上夹臂7-1的中部与下夹臂7-2的中部铰接，所述标记机构包括使用标记液对目标鱼类个体进行标记的印辊7-3、用于存储标记液的染料瓶11和为所述印辊7-3提供标记液的微型泵10，所述微型泵10设置在染料瓶11上，所述印辊7-3包括设置在上夹臂7-1夹持端内侧的第一印辊7-3-1和下夹臂7-2夹持端内侧的第二印辊7-3-2；The marking device includes a marking clip body and a marking mechanism arranged on the marking clip body, the marking clip body includes an upper clamping arm 7-1 and a lower clamping arm 7-2, and the upper clamping arm 7-1 The middle part is hinged with the middle part of the lower jig arm 7-2, and the marking mechanism includes a printing roller 7-3 that uses marking liquid to mark the target fish individual, a dye bottle 11 for storing the marking liquid, and the printing roller 7 for storing the marking liquid. -3 provide the micropump 10 of the marking liquid, the micropump 10 is arranged on the dye bottle 11, and the printing roller 7-3 includes the first printing roller 7-3 arranged inside the clamping end of the upper clamp arm 7-1 -1 and the second printing roller 7-3-2 inside the clamping end of the lower clamp arm 7-2;
所述标记装置的标记方式有很多，比较成熟的有数字编号、打孔标记和颜料标记等等多种方法，本实施例中，采用颜料标记的方法，在保证标记效果的前提下，尽量减小了对鱼类样本的伤害；颜料标记可以采用蘸取或者涂抹，为了保证颜料的耐久度和观察方便。There are many marking methods of the marking device, and more mature methods include digital numbering, punching marks, and paint markings. Minimize the damage to the fish sample; the paint mark can be dipped or smeared, in order to ensure the durability of the paint and the convenience of observation.
颜料标记时，目前大部分实现颜料标记的方法都是采用毛刷或其他简单工具直接在目标鱼类个体上进行标记，此类标记往往附着力差，容易在目标鱼类个体的扩散中，造成标记破损或消失，影响之后的统计效果，本采用标记装置对目标鱼类个体两侧均进行颜料标记，所述标记装置包括标记夹体和设置在标记夹体上的标记机构，利用夹子的特性，将目标鱼类个体夹住，然后在同一位置的目标鱼类个体两侧形成颜料标记，便于所述样本识别装置识别。所述标记夹体结构较为常见，操作简便，所述印辊7-3设置在所述上夹臂7-1和下夹臂7-2的两夹持端上，在使用时操作所述标记夹体的把持端使的所述标记夹体的夹持端闭合，将目标鱼类个体夹紧，然后进行拉动，使印辊7-3上的标记颜料粘附在所述目标鱼类个体上，附着力较大，可以减少标记破损或消失的可能性。所述印辊7-3与所述染料瓶11相连，所述染料瓶11上设置有微型泵10，当印辊7-3标记液体不足时，开启微型泵10将染料瓶11中的标记颜料输送至两个所述印辊7-3上。When it comes to pigment marking, most of the current methods of pigment marking are to use brushes or other simple tools to mark directly on the target fish individual. This type of marking often has poor adhesion and is easy to cause the The mark is damaged or disappears, which affects the subsequent statistical effect. The marking device is used to mark both sides of the target fish individual with pigment. The marking device includes a marking clip body and a marking mechanism arranged on the marking clip body. Clamp the target fish individual, and then form pigment marks on both sides of the target fish individual at the same position, so as to facilitate identification by the sample identification device. The structure of the marking clamp is relatively common and easy to operate. The printing roller 7-3 is arranged on the two clamping ends of the upper clamping arm 7-1 and the lower clamping arm 7-2, and the marking is operated during use. The clamping end of the clamp body closes the clamping end of the marking clamp body, clamps the target fish individual, and then pulls it, so that the marking pigment on the printing roller 7-3 adheres to the target fish individual , greater adhesion, can reduce the possibility of marking breakage or disappearance. Described printing roller 7-3 links to each other with described dye bottle 11, and described dye bottle 11 is provided with miniature pump 10, when printing roller 7-3 mark liquid is insufficient, opens micropump 10 and will mark pigment in dye bottle 11 Transport to the two printing rollers 7-3.
所述样本识别装置包括用于识别样本的识别器和用于固定所述识别器的固定架。The sample identification device includes an identifier for identifying samples and a fixing frame for fixing the identifier.
所述固定架将所述识别器固定在所述待检测鱼类通道内，识别器检测穿过所述鱼类通道的样本并进行计数，所述识别器与所述第二控制器相连，将检测到的信息传输给第二控制器。The fixing frame fixes the identifier in the fish channel to be detected, the identifier detects and counts the samples passing through the fish channel, the identifier is connected with the second controller, and the The detected information is transmitted to the second controller.
本实施例中，所述固定机构包括与所述网箱1相连的漂浮件和调节所述漂浮件位置的调节器；所述调节器包括用于调节所述漂浮件位置的可伸缩杆5和将所述可伸缩杆5固定在陆地上的杆支架6，所述可伸缩杆5通过伸缩杆绳索5-1与所述漂浮件相连；所述网箱1内设置有饵料1-5，所述网箱1上安装有仅可向内翻转的入口板1-1。In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes a float connected to the cage 1 and an adjuster for adjusting the position of the float; the adjuster includes a telescopic rod 5 for adjusting the position of the float and The telescopic rod 5 is fixed on the rod support 6 on land, and the telescopic rod 5 is connected with the floating part through the telescopic rod rope 5-1; the bait 1-5 is arranged in the net cage 1, and the The net cage 1 is equipped with an inlet plate 1-1 that can only be turned inward.
所述网箱1可以通过架子固定在河岸上，也可以用锚件固定在水底，可以采用多种方式固定，但是为了保证所述网箱1保持在水中一定高度范围内，本采取在网箱1上通过绳索3连接漂浮件，通过调节绳索3的长度来控制所述网箱1的深度，所述漂浮件通过绳索3将所述网箱1吊在水中，所述漂浮件通过所述支架固定在水面上，所述可伸缩杆5可以调节所述漂浮件在水面上的位置，所述杆支架6用于安装所述可伸缩杆5，可以通过移动杆支架6的安装位置使伸缩杆5靠近采集点。所述饵料1-5用于引诱所述目标鱼类个体，便于目标鱼类个体进入网箱1，所述入口板1-1通过单向合页1-2固定在所述网箱1上，使目标鱼类个体轻松进入所述网箱1，且避免进入所述网箱1内的目标鱼类冲出网箱。The net cage 1 can be fixed on the river bank by a shelf, or can be fixed on the bottom of the water with an anchor, and can be fixed in a variety of ways, but in order to ensure that the net cage 1 remains within a certain height range in the water, this paper adopts a net cage 1 is connected to the floating part by a rope 3, and the depth of the net cage 1 is controlled by adjusting the length of the rope 3, and the floating part hangs the net cage 1 in the water through the rope 3, and the floating part passes through the support Fixed on the water surface, the telescopic rod 5 can adjust the position of the floating member on the water surface, and the rod bracket 6 is used to install the telescopic rod 5, and the telescopic rod can be made by moving the installation position of the rod bracket 6 5 close to the collection point. The bait 1-5 is used to lure the target fish individual, so that the target fish individual enters the net cage 1, and the entrance plate 1-1 is fixed on the net cage 1 by a one-way hinge 1-2, Make the target fish individual easily enter the net cage 1, and prevent the target fish entering the net cage 1 from rushing out of the net cage.
本实施例中，所述漂浮件由漂浮板2和固定在漂浮板上的多个漂浮球2-1组成，漂浮板2与所述网箱1之间通过多条绳索3相连，所述绳索3上设置有用于调节绳索3长度的绳索盘3-1。In this embodiment, the floating member is composed of a floating board 2 and a plurality of floating balls 2-1 fixed on the floating board. The floating board 2 is connected to the cage 1 by a plurality of ropes 3, and the ropes 3 is provided with a rope reel 3-1 for adjusting the length of rope 3.
所述漂浮件的形式多种多样，材质也没有限定，但是要能让所述网箱1在水下稳定工作，不会产生太频繁的波动和太剧烈的摇晃，导致将目标鱼类个体惊走，本实施例中，采用漂浮板2与漂浮球2-1相结合的方式，漂浮板具有较大面积，可以保证所述网箱1的稳定性，所述漂浮球2-1提供有效浮力，使所述网箱1避免剧烈晃动。所述漂浮板2通过多条绳索3与网箱1相连，可以使所述网箱1保持固定的姿态，避免在水中翻滚，影响对目标鱼类的采集，多个所述漂浮球2-1均固定在所述漂浮板2上，为所述漂浮板2和所述网箱1提供足够的浮力防止所述漂浮板2和所述网箱1沉入水中。The forms of the floating parts are various, and the material is not limited, but the net cage 1 should be able to work stably underwater without too frequent fluctuations and violent shaking, which will cause the target fish individual to be shocked. Go, in the present embodiment, the floating plate 2 and the floating ball 2-1 are used in combination, the floating plate has a relatively large area, which can ensure the stability of the cage 1, and the floating ball 2-1 provides effective buoyancy , so that the net cage 1 avoids violent shaking. The floating board 2 is connected to the net cage 1 through a plurality of ropes 3, which can keep the net cage 1 in a fixed posture, avoid rolling in the water, and affect the collection of target fish. The plurality of floating balls 2-1 All are fixed on the floating board 2, provide enough buoyancy for the floating board 2 and the net cage 1 to prevent the floating board 2 and the net cage 1 from sinking into the water.
每条所述绳索3上均设置有绳索盘3-1，绳索3的调节方式有多种，可以更换绳索3，也可以调整所述网箱1在绳索3上的绑扎位置，本采用绳索盘3-1，可以通过调节绳索3在绳索盘3-1上的长度，达到调节漂浮板2与网箱1之间的距离，从而调整所述网箱1在水中的深度。Each rope 3 is provided with a rope reel 3-1, and the adjustment methods of the rope 3 are multiple, the rope 3 can be replaced, and the binding position of the net cage 1 on the rope 3 can be adjusted. This adopts the rope reel 3-1, the distance between the floating plate 2 and the net cage 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the rope 3 on the rope drum 3-1, thereby adjusting the depth of the net cage 1 in the water.
本实施例中，所述监测器组包括温度探头1-3和溶解氧探头1-4，所述温度探头1-3和溶解氧探头1-4均固定在网箱1上。In this embodiment, the monitor group includes a temperature probe 1-3 and a dissolved oxygen probe 1-4, and both the temperature probe 1-3 and the dissolved oxygen probe 1-4 are fixed on the cage 1.
需要说明的是一般鱼类在水中对水环境的要求主要包括水温和水的含氧量，因此在本中，所述检测器包括温度探头1-3和溶解氧探头1-4，且为方便安装将所述温度探头1-3和溶解氧探头1-4均固定在所述网箱1上。所述监测器组包括水温检测器和溶解氧浓度检测器，用于检测网箱1所在的样本采集点水域的水温和氧含量，从而判断所述网箱1布置位置是否合理或是否需要更换合理位置。所述水温检测器和溶解氧浓度检测器均与所述第一控制器相连，所述水温检测器和溶解氧浓度检测器每隔一定时间t检测一次，并将检测到的数据传输给所述第一控制器。It should be noted that the requirements of general fish in the water to the water environment mainly include the water temperature and the oxygen content of the water, so in this paper, the detectors include temperature probes 1-3 and dissolved oxygen probes 1-4, and for convenience Installation Fix the temperature probe 1-3 and the dissolved oxygen probe 1-4 on the cage 1 . The monitor group includes a water temperature detector and a dissolved oxygen concentration detector, which are used to detect the water temperature and oxygen content of the sample collection point waters where the cage 1 is located, so as to judge whether the layout of the cage 1 is reasonable or whether it needs to be replaced reasonably Location. Both the water temperature detector and the dissolved oxygen concentration detector are connected to the first controller, and the water temperature detector and the dissolved oxygen concentration detector detect once every certain time t, and transmit the detected data to the first controller.
本实施例中，所述上夹臂7-1的把持端设置为弧形柄9，所述下夹臂7-2的把持端设置有手柄8；所述手柄8上设置有用于控制所述微型泵10工作的微型泵开关和用于防止所述标记夹体脱落的腕带12，腕带12上设置有拉紧扣。In this embodiment, the holding end of the upper clamping arm 7-1 is set as an arc handle 9, and the holding end of the lower clamping arm 7-2 is provided with a handle 8; the handle 8 is provided with a handle for controlling the The micropump switch of the micropump 10 and the wristband 12 used to prevent the marker clip from falling off, the wristband 12 is provided with a tightening buckle.
所述上夹臂7-1的把持端设置为弧形柄9，可以在使用过程中更容易抓到所述上夹臂7-1的把持端，所述微型泵10的出液口与所述印辊7-3通过管道连通，当所述印辊7-3标记液不足时，打开所述微型泵10，将染料瓶11中的标记液泵入所述印辊7-3；所述染料瓶11设置在上夹臂7-1的夹持端的外侧，所述微型泵10设置在所述染料瓶11上，距离印辊7-3的距离较近，而且不影响印辊7-3工作，所述微型泵10设置在所述染料瓶11上方便抽取染料，所述微型泵10的开关设置在手柄8上，方便在使用过程中对微型泵10进行开关，便于控制微型泵10的启停；所述手柄8上设置有通过拉紧扣调节长度的腕带12，所述腕带12在使用时直接穿在手腕上，防止由于操作失误或者操作不当导致所述标记装置从手中滑落，对该标记装置造成损毁。The holding end of the upper clamping arm 7-1 is set as an arc-shaped handle 9, which can be easier to grasp the holding end of the upper clamping arm 7-1 during use. Described printing roller 7-3 is communicated by pipeline, and when described printing roller 7-3 marking liquid is insufficient, open described miniature pump 10, the marking liquid in the dye bottle 11 is pumped into described printing roller 7-3; The dye bottle 11 is arranged on the outside of the clamping end of the upper clamp arm 7-1, and the micropump 10 is arranged on the dye bottle 11, which is relatively close to the printing roller 7-3 and does not affect the printing roller 7-3. Work, the micropump 10 is arranged on the dye bottle 11 to facilitate the extraction of dye, the switch of the micropump 10 is arranged on the handle 8, which is convenient to switch the micropump 10 during use, and is convenient to control the micropump 10. Start and stop; the handle 8 is provided with a wrist strap 12 that can be adjusted in length by tightening the buckle, and the wrist strap 12 is directly worn on the wrist during use to prevent the marking device from slipping from the hand due to misoperation or improper operation , causing damage to the marking device.
本实施例中，所述标记夹体设置有用于保护所述印辊7-3、染料瓶11和微型泵10的夹盖4。In this embodiment, the marking clip body is provided with a clip cover 4 for protecting the printing roller 7 - 3 , the dye bottle 11 and the micropump 10 .
所述标记夹体设置有用于保护所述印辊7-3、染料瓶11和微型泵10的夹盖4，当所述标记夹体不工作时，所述上夹臂7-1的夹持端和下夹臂7-2的夹持端相接触，并将夹盖4安装，对所述印辊7-3、染料瓶11和微型泵10形成保护，避免在运输和存储的过程中造成损坏。The marking clamp body is provided with a clamping cover 4 for protecting the printing roller 7-3, the dye bottle 11 and the micropump 10. When the marking clamp body is not working, the clamping of the upper clamping arm 7-1 end and the clamping end of the lower clamping arm 7-2, and the clamping cover 4 is installed to protect the printing roller 7-3, the dye bottle 11 and the micropump 10, avoiding damage during transportation and storage. damage.
本实施例中，所述识别器为摄像机18，所述摄像机18的数量为两台，两台所述摄像机18相对设置；所述固定架上设置有位于两台摄像机18中间位置的高压泵17，所述高压泵17的出水端设置有调节高压泵17出水流量的流量调节器17-1。In this embodiment, the identifier is a camera 18, and the number of the cameras 18 is two, and the two cameras 18 are arranged oppositely; , the outlet end of the high-pressure pump 17 is provided with a flow regulator 17-1 for adjusting the outlet flow of the high-pressure pump 17.
所述识别器为摄像机18，所述摄像机18设置的数量有两个，两个所述摄像机18通过固定架相对设置在鱼道内侧面上，防止一个摄像机18视野不够，误差较大，采用两个提高检测的可靠性和准确性，两个所述摄像机18均与第二控制器相连，所述第二控制器与第一控制器可以为同一控制器；所述固定架包括水平设置的横杆13、和固定在横杆上的多个固定杆，多个所述固定杆包括摄像机固定杆16和高压泵固定杆15，且所述摄像机固定杆16和高压泵固定杆15均与所述横杆13垂直，所述横杆13、高压固定杆15和摄像机固定杆16均为长度可调节杆，在本实施例中所述长度可调节杆为伸缩杆且均通过限位螺母14进行固定，所述横杆13通过固定块19固定在所述待检测鱼道的内壁上；所述固定架上还固定有高压泵17，所述高压泵17位于所述横杆13的中部，所述高压泵17上设置有流量调节器17-1，所述流量调节器17-1包括用于检测鱼道水流量的流量检测器和用于控制高压泵17输出压力的第三控制器，所述第三控制器控制高压泵17的输出流量。所述第三控制器与第一控制器和第二控制器可以为同一个控制器。所述第三控制器与第一控制器可以为同一个控制器，所述第三控制器与第二控制器可以为同一个控制器。Described identifier is camera 18, and the quantity that described camera 18 is provided with has two, and two described cameras 18 are relatively arranged on the inner surface of fishway by fixing frame, prevent that one camera 18 visual field is not enough, and error is larger, adopts two To improve the reliability and accuracy of detection, the two cameras 18 are connected to the second controller, and the second controller and the first controller can be the same controller; the fixed frame includes a horizontal bar 13, and a plurality of fixed rods fixed on the cross bar, a plurality of said fixed rods include a camera fixed rod 16 and a high-pressure pump fixed rod 15, and the camera fixed rod 16 and the high-pressure pump fixed rod 15 are all connected to the horizontal bar The rod 13 is vertical, and the cross bar 13, the high-voltage fixing rod 15 and the camera fixing rod 16 are all length-adjustable rods. In this embodiment, the length-adjustable rods are telescopic rods and are all fixed by stop nuts 14. The cross bar 13 is fixed on the inner wall of the fishway to be detected by the fixed block 19; the high pressure pump 17 is also fixed on the fixed frame, and the high pressure pump 17 is positioned at the middle part of the cross bar 13, and the high pressure The pump 17 is provided with a flow regulator 17-1, and the flow regulator 17-1 includes a flow detector for detecting the flow of fishway water and a third controller for controlling the output pressure of the high-pressure pump 17. The three controllers control the output flow of the high pressure pump 17 . The third controller may be the same controller as the first controller and the second controller. The third controller and the first controller may be the same controller, and the third controller and the second controller may be the same controller.
如图5所示的一种检测目标鱼类通过鱼类通道通过率的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：A kind of detection target fish as shown in Figure 5 is passed through the method for fish channel passing rate, and this method comprises the following steps:
步骤一、样本获取，过程如下：Step 1. Sample acquisition, the process is as follows:
步骤101、获取目标鱼类个体：Step 101, obtaining the target fish individual:
利用网箱(1)获取目标鱼类个体，记录第j次获取的目标鱼类个体的数量xj；Use the net cage (1) to obtain the target fish individual, and record the number xj of the target fish individual acquired for the jth time;
步骤102、判断已获取的i次目标鱼类个体累计总数Mi是否大于预设样本容量N，当Mi<N时，执行步骤103；当Mi≥N时，执行步骤104，其中，j∈[1,i]，i为正整数且i≥1；Step 102, judging whether the accumulative total number Mi of target fish individuals acquired i times is greater than the preset sample size N, when Mi <N, execute step 103; when Mi ≥ N, execute step 104, wherein, j∈[1,i], i is a positive integer and i≥1;
步骤103、目标鱼类个体标记及回放：Step 103, target fish individual marking and playback:
对进入网箱(1)内的目标鱼类个体通过标记装置进行标记，将已捕捉的目标鱼类个体标记为样本，并将样本回放，记录第j次回放样本的时刻Tj，并循环步骤101；Mark the target fish individuals entering the net cage (1) through the marking device, mark the captured target fish individuals as samples, and playback the samples, record the moment Tj of the j-th playback sample, and cycle the steps 101;
步骤104、对第i次获取的目标鱼类个体的数量xi中的xi'个目标鱼类个体执行步骤103，并对Mi-N个目标鱼类个体回放，然后执行步骤二，其中，当i＝1时，xi'＝N；当i>1时，Step 104. Execute step 103 on the xi ' target fish individuals in the number xi of target fish individuals acquired for the ith time, and replay the Mi -N target fish individuals, and then perform step 2, wherein , when i=1, xi '=N; when i>1,
步骤二、确定目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率：Step 2. Determine the passing rate of the target fish through the fish channel:
利用所述识别器识别并记录穿过鱼类通道的样本的个数，识别器持续记录样本的通过时刻，预设所述识别器的识别时间阈值Ts，其中，Ts>Ti-T1，Ti为第i次回放样本的时刻，T1为第1次回放样本的时刻；Using the recognizer to identify and record the number of samples passing through the fish channel, the recognizer continues to record the passage time of the samples, and the recognition time threshold Ts of the recognizer is preset, wherein, Ts >Ti -T1 , Ti is the moment when the sample is played back for the ith time, and T1 is the moment when the sample is played back for the first time;
根据公式计算样本在识别时间阈值Ts内通过鱼类通道的通过率ω，从而确定了目标鱼类通过鱼类通道的通过率ω'，其中，ω'＝ω，m表示在识别时间阈值Ts内通过识别器的样本的个数。According to the formula Calculate the passing rate ω of the sample passing through the fish channel within the recognition time threshold Ts , thus determining the passing rate ω' of the target fish passing through the fish channel, where ω'=ω, m means that within the recognition time threshold Ts The number of samples that passed the recognizer.
需要说明的是，此识别时间阈值Ts根据不同的目标鱼类个体有一定的生态学依据，依据权威数据或者依据经验，不同的目标鱼类在测试实验时所采用的识别时间阈值Ts各不相同。在没有任何权威数据或者经验的前提下，可以采取先推测，然后进行多次试验，取期望值的方法。It should be noted that the recognition time threshold Ts has certain ecological basis according to different target fish individuals. According to authoritative data or experience, the recognition time threshold Ts adopted by different target fish in the test experiment varies. Are not the same. In the absence of any authoritative data or experience, the method of guessing first, and then conducting multiple experiments to obtain the expected value can be adopted.
本实施例中，在步骤201中在网箱1采集目标鱼类个体时，通过所述水质监测组件对水质进行实时监测；In this embodiment, in step 201, when the net cage 1 collects the target fish individual, the water quality is monitored in real time by the water quality monitoring component;
若所述水质监测组件的数据处于适合目标鱼类生存的数据范围，则继续样本采集或统计目标鱼类的采集数量；若所述水质监测组件的数据处于适合目标鱼类生存的数据范围之外，则需将所述网箱1移动至正常的目标鱼类活动水域，然后开始采集样本；If the data of the water quality monitoring component is in the data range suitable for the survival of the target fish, continue sample collection or count the collection quantity of the target fish; if the data of the water quality monitoring component is outside the data range suitable for the survival of the target fish , it is necessary to move the net cage 1 to the normal target fish activity waters, and then start collecting samples;
本实施例中，在步骤203标记目标鱼类个体时,若印辊7-3上的标记液不足，则打开微型泵10将所述染料瓶11内的标记液泵入所述印辊7-3。In this embodiment, when the target fish individual is marked in step 203, if the marking liquid on the printing roller 7-3 is insufficient, the micropump 10 is turned on to pump the marking liquid in the dye bottle 11 into the printing roller 7-3. 3.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. All simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technical aspects of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the scheme.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710884385.6ACN107509676B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | System and method for detecting passing rate of target fish passing through fish channel |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710884385.6ACN107509676B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | System and method for detecting passing rate of target fish passing through fish channel |
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| CN107509676Atrue CN107509676A (en) | 2017-12-26 |
| CN107509676B CN107509676B (en) | 2023-04-14 |
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| CN201710884385.6AExpired - Fee RelatedCN107509676B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | System and method for detecting passing rate of target fish passing through fish channel |
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